牛津上海版九年级第二学期句型转换专题学案（含部分答案）

句型转换专项训练
本节内容（presentation）概述：改写句子是中考英语的一个常考题型，它综合考查考生的时态语态、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识，要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子，使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误。14年的中考当中新加入了连词成句这个新题型，不过近两年考试难度不大。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中改写句子分析，我们发现句型转换题主要考查以下几个方面：一、改为否定句e.g.
Fred
plans
to
work
in
the
charity
hospital
in
the
community．(改为否定句)(2013)Fred
__________
_________
to
work
in
the
charity
hospital
in
the
community．二、改为疑问句1.
改为一般疑问句e.g.
The
new
product
consists
of
four
main
parts
inside.
(改为一般疑问句)(2012)_________
the
new
product
_________
of
four
main
parts
inside?2.
对划线部分提问e.g.
Our
school
organizes
an
English
speech
contest
once
a
year.
(对划线部分提问)(2011)_________
_________
does
your
school
organize
an
English
speech
contest?用How加形容词/副词来提问时中考常考的类型，注意区分各种搭配下的意义用法区别。e.g.
Tom
will
finish
his
work
in
3
hours.
(对划线部分提问)_________
_________
will
Tom
finish
his
work?常考的考点：how?long/soon/?far/often,?how?much/?many的区别；★How?long?多长时间??
信号词：for?+时间段；since+时间点★How?soon?多久??????????
信号词：in?+?时间段(in?10?days)?★How?often表频率?
信号词：once/?twice
a
day★?How?many?times多少次?????
信号词：once/?twice/three
times★How?far??多远距离???
信号词：meters,?two?hours’walk/ride/drive?3.
改为反义疑问句(注意有have
的反义疑问句)e.g.
Your
mother
has
never
tried
shopping
on
the
Internet.
(改为反意疑问句)(2010)Your
mother
has
never
tried
shopping
on
the
Internet,
_________
_________?e.g.
She
has
big
eyes
with
long
hair.(改为反意疑问句)She
has
big
eyes
with
long
hair,_________
_________?三、改为被动语态中考主要考察五种时态的被动语态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、含有情态动词的被动语态。注意时态，人称，单复数的变化。e.g.
Sometimes
we
use
smart
phones
to
take
pictures
instead
of
cameras.
(改为被动语态)
(2014)Sometimes
smart
phones
_________
_________
to
take
pictures
instead
of
cameras.e.g.
We
have
used
the
underground
for
3
years.(变为被动语态)The
underground
_________
_________
_________
by
us
for
3
years.【注意】在使役动词have,
make,
get以及感官动词see,
watch,
notice,
hear,
feel等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。e.g.
Tom
noticed
a
stranger
sing
in
the
building.A
stranger
was
_________
_________
_________
in
the
building
by
Tom.四、保持句意不变保持句意不变是可能的形式最多、最复杂的一类变化句式题，涉及到句法、词法多方面的知识考查。1.
运用同义词（组）进行转换用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换，注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如：(1)I
want
to
be
an
astronaut.
I
believe
I
will
achieve
my
dream.I
want
to
be
an
astronaut.
I
believe
my
dream
will
_________
_________.训练1：填空，使等号左右表达意义一致（一空一词）say?sorry?to=?________?
________道歉;??be?made?up?of=?________?
________??由…组成?besides?A=?________?
________
________?
________??除A以外（还有）??????训练2：熟记，完成快问快答测试(1)四个“花费”（spend—take—cost—take）(2)四个“收到…来信”（hear?from—get?a?letter?from—receive?a?letter?from—have?a?letter?from）(3)四个“给…打电话”（call?sb—telephone?sb—ring?sb.?a?call—make?a?telephone?to?sb.）(4)三个“到达”（get?to—reach—arrive?in/at）2.
运用反义的否定式进行转换即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词（词组）的积累和换位思维的能力.e.g.
I
think
English
is
less
important
than
maths.
I
_________
think
English
is
_________
important
than
maths.e.g.
It’s
clear
that
this
visit
is
different
from
last
time.
It’s
clear
that
this
visit
is
not
the_______
______last
time.有的反义词即使不与否定词连用，而只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。e.g.
He
gave
a
present
to
Tom.Tom
_________
a
present
_________
him.3.
非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换此类题目要求对一些非延续动词相关的延续动词很熟悉，还要注意时态的变化，通常是一般过去时变为现在完成时，特别注意非延续动词不能与表示一段的时间状语连用。(1)Tom
joined
the
Youth
League
two
years
ago.
→He
_________
_______
in
the
Youth
League
for
two
years/since
two
years
ago.常见的非延续性与延续性动词之间的转换：leave
→
be
away
borrow
→
keep
open/close
sth
→
keep
sth
open/closed
4.
简单句与复合句之间的转换即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。此类题目需要熟记一些重要的句型和短语。例如：too...
to;
so...
that
;
enough
to...等之间的转换，without短语与if/unless条件状语从句的转换，还有not...until....等句型。(1)We
can't
finish
the
whole
work
on
time
if
you
don't
help
us.
→_________
your
_________,
we
can't
finish
the
whole
work
on
time.We
can't
finish
the
whole
work
on
time
_________
you
________
us.
5.
祈使句+and/or与
if条件状语之间的相互转换(1)Listen
carefully,
or
we’ll
miss
some
important
information._________
we
_________
listen
carefully,
we’ll
miss
some
important
information.6.
运用关联连词连接或合并句子即运用关联连词both…and…，neither…nor…，either…or…，not
only…but
also…等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是，both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语总是用复数，而neither…nor…，either…or…，not
only…but
also…连接两个主语时，谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。e.g.
I
may
live
in
this
hotel.
I
may
live
in
that
hotelI
may
_________
live
in
this
hotel
_________
that
hotel.7.
运用感叹句的两种句式进行转换熟记感叹句的构成。1）How
+
adj．／adv．+
主语
+
谓语！
2）What
+
a（an）+
adj．+
单数名词
+
主语
+
谓语！
What
+
adj．+
复数名词／不可数名词
+
主语
+
谓语！e.g.
The
beach
is
a
nice
place
for
tourists.
(改为感叹句)（2011）_________
_________
nice
place
the
beach
is
for
tourists!8.
形容词、副词三种等级之间的转换此类题目需要熟悉形容词、副词的构成规律，能够灵活运用一些有关形容词和副词比较等级的句型结构.e.g.
India
has
a
population
of
0.9
billion.
China
has
a
population
of
1.3
billionIndia
has
a
_________
population
_________
China
does.利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换这类典型结构如so…that…，too…to…，enough
to，not…until…，so
do
I等（1）I
find
that
it
is
hard
to
get
up
early
in
the
morning.I
find
_________
_________
to
get
up
early
in
the
morning.五、改为宾语从句
　即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如：
1.
“I’ve
found
my
wallet,”
he
said
to
me.
　
He
told
me
that
he
_________
_________
his
wallet.六、综合类综合类题目设计的变化类型也比较多，归纳起来主要是三种形式变化：合并句子，简化句子，变化形式等。七、连词成句解题技巧1．基本句型记心间题干若有what等“wh-word”时，我们一般要考虑特殊疑问句或感叹句；如果含有辅助动词、系动词或情态动词时，要考虑一般疑问句。【典例分析】an,
this,
story,
interesting,
is
答案：Is
this
an
interesting
story?2．公式在手若等闲英文的简单句一般以下列词序排列，如果是主从复合句，不过就是两个简单句外加一个连接词。记住这个基本的词序对于自己的英文写作很有好处。123456Who/What/WhichActionWho/what/
WhichHowWhereWhen【典例分析】
in,
he,
football,
does,
playing,
well答案：He
does
well
in
playing
football.
1
2
4
5注意：由于do在这里作不及物动词使用，不需要宾语，故缺少第3项。
【典例分析】he,
often,
go
to
different
countries答案：He
often
goes
to
different
countries.
1
△
2
5注意：做状语时的频度副词一般要紧靠谓语动词。【典例分析】He
will
come
to
Beijing
to
watch
the
Olympic
Games
in
2008.
1
2
5
△
6注意：这里做状语使用的不定式，也可以提至句首，但其余的词还应该遵循这一公式。（In
order）to
watch
the
Olympic
Games,
he
will
come
to
Beijing
in
2008.
3．遗漏标点太遗憾【典例分析】do,
fruit,
you,
best,
what,
like答案：What
fruit
do
you
like
best?（1）a
blanket,
covered,
Tom’s,
with,
legs,
were
(连词成句)
____________________________________________________________________________课堂练习（practice）（20-35mins）中考链接-一模二模典题精选I.
Complete
the
following
sentences
as
required（根据所给要求完成句子）（错误率：
掌握情况：
）1.People
used
to
travel
to
the
island
by
ferry．(对划线部分提问)
_______
_______people
use
to
travel
to
the
island?2.These
chemicals
can
be
harmful
to
animal
life．(保持旬意基本不变)
These
chemicals
can
do________
_______animal
life·3.He
was
absent
from
school
because
of
his
serious
illness.(保持句义基本不变）He
was
absent
from
school
because
he
was_______
_______.4.What
will
life
be
like
in
50
years’
time?
No
one
knows.(改为宾语从句）
No
one
knows
what
______
______be
like
in
50
years’
time.5.Rose
loves
visiting
museums
with
friends．She
doesn’t
love
going
there
alone．(合并为一句)
Rose
loves
visiting
museums
with
friends________
________going
there
alone．keys：1.How
did
2.harm
to
3.seriously
ill
4.life
will
5.instead
of