(共26张PPT)
Unit
3 Amazing
people
(主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化)
-2-
在记忆中求准确
在语境中求熟练 Practice
makes
perfect.
必背表达单词——写作信手拈来
1.explorer
n. 探险家;勘探者
2.curious
adj.好奇的,
求知欲强的
3.fortune
n.大笔的钱,财富;运气
4.preserve
vt.保护,
保持,
保存
5.entrance
n.入口
6.content
n.内容
7.swallow
vt.&vi.
吞下,吞咽
8.death
n.死亡
9.clothing
n.衣物
10.shortly
adv.不久,
很快
11.within
prep.在……之内,
不超过
-3-
12.connection
n.联系
13.punishment
n.惩罚
14.scientific
adj.科学的
15.disturb
vt.打扰,扰乱
16.breathe
vi.&
vt.
呼吸
17.whichever
pron. 无论哪个;无论哪些
18.warning
n.警告
19.widespread
adj.广泛的,普遍的
20.requirement
n.要求,规定
21.inspire
vt.启迪,赋予灵感;激励,鼓舞
22.native
adj.本地的;本国的
23.outgoing
adj.爱交际的;友好的;外向的
-4-
24.rare
adj.稀有的,罕见的
25.discourage
vt.使灰心;劝阻
26.devotion
n.奉献;忠诚;专心
27.various
adj.各种各样的
28.organization
n.组织;机构
29.desire
n.愿望,欲望,渴望
v.渴望,期望
30.apply
vt.使用,应用
31.survival
n.幸存,
存活
32.quality
n.品质;质量
33.optimistic
adj.乐观的,抱乐观看法的
34.indeed
adv.的确,确实
-5-
识记阅读单词——读文理解通畅
1.tomb
n.坟墓
2.Egyptian
adj.埃及的,
埃及人的
n.
埃及人
3.valley
n.山谷,
峡谷
4.coincidence
n.巧合,碰巧
5.virus
n.病毒
6.riddle
n.谜
7.labour
n.&
vi.劳动,努力工作
8.airplane
n.飞机
9.signal
n.信号
vi.&
vt.发信号;表明
10.captain
n.船长,飞机机长;队长;海军上校,陆军、空军上尉
11.sex
n.性别
12.female
n.&
adj.女性(的)
-6-
13.nationality
n.国籍
14.data
n.(pl.)
数据;资料
15.murder
vt.&
n.谋杀
16.companion
n.伴侣;陪伴
17.voyage
n.航行;(尤指)航海,航天
18.orbit
n.轨道
vt.
沿……轨道运行,围绕……运动
19.astronaut
n.宇航员
20.north-east
n.东北
21.candidate
n.候选人;申请人
22.rocket
n.火箭
23.status
n.地位,身份
24.superior
n.上级,上司
adj.更好的,更高的
-7-
『构织连脉词族』
1.curious
adj.好奇的,求知欲强的→curiously
adv.好奇地→curiosity
n.好奇心
2.fortune
n.大笔的钱,财富;运气→fortunate
adj.幸运的→fortunately
adv.幸运地→unfortunate
adj.不幸的→unfortunately
adv.不幸地→misfortune
n.不幸,灾祸
3.preserve
v.保护,保存,保持→preservation
n.保存,保护→preserver
n.保护人;维护者
4.entrance
n.入口→enter
v.进入
5.death
n.死亡→die
v.死,去世→dying
adj.垂死的;渴望的
→deadly
adj.致命的
6.shortly
adv.不久,很快→short
adj.短的;矮的;短缺的
→shorten
v.缩短,使变短
7.punishment
n.惩罚→punish
v.惩罚
-8-
8.scientific
adj.科学的→science
n.科学→scientist
n.科学家
9.disturb
vt.打扰,扰乱→disturbing
adj.令人不安的
→disturbed
adj.感到不安的→disturbance
n.干扰;骚乱
10.breathe
v.呼吸→breath
n.呼吸
11.inspire
vt.启迪,赋予灵感;激励,鼓舞→inspiration
n.灵感;激励→inspiring
adj.鼓舞人心的
12.discourage
vt.使灰心;劝阻→courage
n.勇气→encourage
v.鼓励→encouragement
n.鼓励
13.devotion
n.奉献;忠诚;专心→devote
v.致力于,奉献
→devoted
adj.献身的,忠诚的;深爱的,挚爱的
14.apply
vi.申请
vt.使用,应用→application
n.申请,申请表格;应用→applicant
n.申请人
15.optimistic
adj.乐观的,抱有乐观看法的
→optimism
n.乐观,乐观主义→optimist
n.乐观主义者;乐天派
-9-
『语用规律归纳』
1.“旅行”之家
journey
n.(长途)旅行
tour
n.(观光)旅行
travel
n.旅行
trip
n.(短途)旅行
voyage
n.航行;航海
2.与“性格”有关的形容词小结
optimistic乐观的
pessimistic悲观的
stubborn固执的
outgoing外向的
easy-going随和的
gentle温和的
-10-
3.quality联想篇
quantity
n.数量
qualify
vt.使合格
qualification
n.资格
be
of
high/good
quality好品质
quantities
of/a
large
quantity
of大量的
4.“请求;要求”英语角
request
n.&
vt.请求;要求
demand
n.&
vt.要求;需要
require
vt.需要;要求
requirement
n.要求
-11-
5.由fortunate想到的
fortune运气
luck运气
fortunately幸运地
luckily幸运地
unluckily不幸地
unfortunately不幸地
-12-
6.dis-否定前缀高频词汇
disadvantage不利条件
disagree不同意
disappear消失;灭绝
disappoint使失望
disclose揭露;泄露
discount打折
discover发现
dislike不喜欢
discourage使泄气;劝阻
disorder骚乱;混乱
display展开;陈列
dishonest不诚实的
disable使失去能力
disobey违反;不服从
-13-
7.“各种各样的”小结
various
a
variety
of
varieties
of
all
kinds
of
all
sorts
of
8.后缀为-al名词荟萃
survive→survival幸存
arrive→arrival到达
approve→approval赞成
refuse→refusal拒绝
-14-
『语境活用』
1.The
computer
received
widespread
(普遍的)support
throughout
the
country
because
of
its
high
quality
(质量).
2.In
order
to
satisfy
the
desire
(欲望),
I
had
the
job
interview
which
left
me
optimistic
(乐观的)
about
my
future
and
about
what
I
could
do
here.
3.These
two
brothers
decided
to
go
to
America
to
try
their
fortune.
And
they
were
fortunate
enough
to
achieve
their
goal.(fortune)
4.My
friends
urge
that
I
should
apply
for
the
job.The
deadline
for
making
an
application
is
next
Friday.(apply)
5.She
survived
in
the
accident,and
she
is
the
only
survivor
in
the
accident.(survive)
-15-
从表面理解到深层延伸
从拓展中抓其规律 Observation
is
the
best
teacher.
1.set
sail
启航
2.be
curious
about
对……好奇
3.shortly
after
之后不久
4.get
in
touch
with
与……联系
5.be
present
在场
6.thanks
to
多亏,由于
7.be
in
control(of
sth)
掌管,控制(某物)
8.apply
for
a
job
申请一份工作
9.look
up
to
敬佩
10.breathe
in
吸进
-16-
11.come
across
(偶然)遇见;发现
12.result
in
导致,结果是……
13.set
a
world
record
创世界纪录
14.go
out
(灯)熄灭,外出,出去
15.go
down
in
history
载入史册
16.catch
one’s
attention
引起某人的注意
17.win
sb
the
status
of
为某人赢得……的地位
18.have
a
strong
desire
to
do
sth有强烈的愿望做某事
19.show
great
devotion
to对……表现出极大的忠诚/专心
20.pay
off
偿清(债务);得到回报
-17-
『语用规律归纳』
“导致”短语
lead
to导致;造成
bring
about导致;引起
result
in导致;结果是
contribute
to促成;有助于
account
for解释;导致
give
rise
to造成;导致
make
for导致;有助于
-18-
『语境活用』
1.It
would
take
him
the
rest
of
his
life
to
pay
off
that
loan.
2.Those
are
people
that
we
can
look
up
to,and
learn
the
mastery
of
the
craft.
3.Every
woman
should
be
in
control
of
the
decisions
that
affect
her
own
health.
4.After
Bill
walked
another
hundred
miles,he
came
across
an
angry
mountain
lion.
5.In
Mars,my
attempts
to
walk
resulted
in
jumps
and
hops,which
took
me
into
the
air.
-19-
从教材中探求高考脉动
从仿写中熟练运用 Nothing
is
impossible
for
a
willing
heart.
『领悟教材语境』
1.He
too
visited
the
tomb,only
to
catch
a
high
fever
the
next
day.
(Page
43)
[考点提炼]only
to
do
sth做结果状语
2.If
breathed
in,
they
can
result
in
illness
or
even
death.
(Page
43)
[考点提炼]状语从句的省略
3.Without
her
work,
there
would
be
very
few
mountain
gorillas
left
today.
(Page
57)
[考点提炼]含蓄虚拟条件句
-20-
4.It
made
him
China’s
first
astronaut
in
space.
(Page
58)
[考点提炼]名词短语做宾语补足语
5.Although
Yang
did
not
get
the
best
scores
on
every
single
test,it
was
his
high
scores
on
the
psychological
tests
that
finally
won
him
the
status
of
China’s
first
astronaut.
(Page
58)
[考点提炼]It
is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他.
-21-
『高考写作情景』
1.她坐出租车去了机场,不料发现飞机已经起飞了。
She
took
a
taxi
to
the
airport,only
to
find
the
plane
had
taken
off.
2.尽管他们被对方球队打败了,但他们没有灰心。
Although
(they
had
been)
defeated
by
the
opposite
team,they
didn’t
lose
heart.
3.要是没有你的帮助,我就不会取得成功。
Without
your
help,
I
would
not
have
achieved
any
success.
4.我们推选他当我们足球队的队长。
We
made
him
captain
of
our
football
team.
5.是汤姆邀请你来参加这次聚会的吗?
Was
it
Tom
who/that
invited
you
to
the
party?
-22-
旧材新用
探究根源 Kill
two
birds
with
one
stone.
『主题与语篇填空』
Howard
Carter
was
bright
and
curious
about
the
world
outside
his
home
town.In
1891,he
1.sailed
(sail)
to
Alexandria,Egypt.By
the
1920s,he
had
become
2.an
explorer
who
searched
3.for
the
tombs
of
the
Egyptian
kings.
Carter’s
team
found
the
tomb
of
King
Tutankhamun.4.But
people
in
Carter’s
team
began
to
fall
ill
and
die
5.strangely
(strange)
not
long
after
the
tomb
had
been
opened.Within
seven
years,21
people
who
had
6.something
to
do
with
the
opening
of
the
tomb
died.
-23-
Some
people
say
the
deaths
were
just
7.coincidence
(coincident).
Others
believe
that
they
were
the
result
of
the
mummy’s
curse.Still
others
believe
that
there
is
a
8.scientific
(science)
explanation,because
inside
the
tombs
there
9.are
(be)
many
viruses.10.What
is
certain,
though,is
that
“the
curse
of
the
mummy”
remains
a
riddle
to
this
day.
-24-
『主题与短文改错』
Born
in
1965,Yang
Liwei
had
wanted
to
fly
since
he
was
young
boy,
his
dream
was
encouraged
by
his
parents
as
well
as
his
sister
and
brother.In
1983,he
joined
the
army,and
goes
to
flight
school.He
graduated
from
1987
and
became
a
pilot.In
1998,he
applied
to
be
a
member
of
Project
921,which
are
now
called
Shenzhou.He
was
one
of
the
only
14
selecting
from
1,500
candidates.In
September
2003,only
three
out
of
the
14
candidates
were
picked
for
the
Chinese
space
adventure,but
Yang
was
one
of
all
them.He
took
all
kinds
of
test
to
prove
he
was
fit
for
this
important
task.Although
Yang
did
not
get
the
best
scores
on
every
single
test,it
was
his
highly
scores
on
the
psychological
tests
that
finally
won
him
the
status
of
China’s
first
astronaut.
-25-
-26-(共48张PPT)
Unit
3 Amazing
people
(主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化)
-2-
1.curious
adj.好奇的,求知欲强的
[教材原句]...he
was
bright
and
curious
about
the
world
outside
his
home
town.……他天资聪颖,对家乡外面的世界充满了好奇。(P42)
语境巧练
单句填空
①She
seemed
to
be
curious
about
what
he
was
doing.
②It
is
curious
that
she
left
without
saying
goodbye.
③I
saw
a
tall
man
with
glasses
entering
the
room
and
decided
to
follow
him
out
of
curiosity.
④The
people
in
the
hall
seemed
very
nosy(爱窥探的),keeping
their
eyes
on
me
with
curiosity.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解)
⑤While
I
was
exploring
my
curiosity
(curious),my
disease
got
worse.
-3-
考点必记
(1)be
curious
about...对……好奇
be
curious
to
(do)...极想(做)……,很想(做)……,渴望(做)……
It
is
curious
that...……是奇怪的。(从句中可用陈述语气,也可用“should+动词原形”,should可省略)
(2)curiosity
n.好奇心
out
of
curiosity出于好奇
with
curiosity好奇地
(3)curiously
adv.=with
curiosity好奇地
-4-
2.fortune
n.大笔的钱,财富;运气
[教材原句]Inside
the
tombs,he
discovered
a
great
fortune
in
jewels
and
gold,along
with
the
preserved
bodies
of
dead
kings.在那些陵墓里,他发现了大量珠宝、黄金和已故国王们经过处理保存下来的遗体。(P42)
-5-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Fortunately
(fortune),after
a
brief
stay
in
hospital,Ben
was
well
enough
to
be
allowed
to
leave
and
later
the
family
met
up
for
dinner.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,完形填空)
②He
would
laugh
the
loudest
over
fun
and
be
the
saddest
over
anyone’s
misfortune
(fortune).(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,完形填空)
③Getty
made
a
large
fortune
in
his
life,but
he
gave
his
money
to
the
art
world
because
he
wanted
people
to
learn
about
and
love
art.
④Having
failed
to
profit
from
agriculture,he
decided
to
try
his
(he)
fortune
in
mining.
-6-
考点必记
(1)make
a/one’s
fortune
发财
try/seek
one’s
fortune
碰运气;寻出路
tell
fortune算命,占卜
by
fortune由于运气
(2)misfortune
n.不幸;灾祸
fortunate
adj.幸运的
unfortunate
adj.
不幸的;可怜的
fortunately
adv.幸运地
unfortunately
adv.不幸运地
写作佳句
Europeans
see
a
piggy
bank
as
a
sign
of
good
fortune
and
wealth.欧洲人把储蓄罐看成是一种好运和财富的象征。
-7-
3.preserve
v.保存,保藏,储存
[教材原句]Inside
the
tombs,he
discovered
a
great
fortune
in
jewels
and
gold,along
with
the
preserved
bodies
of
dead
kings.在那些陵墓里,他发现了大量珠宝、黄金和已故国王们经过处理保存下来的遗体。(P42)
语境巧练
单句填空
①For
many
older
people,driving
is
important
for
preserving
(preserve)
their
independence.
②As
we
all
know,the
police
are
responsible
for
the
preservation
(preserve)
of
law
and
order.
③With
the
limited
natural
resources,we
should
take
action
to
preserve
them
from
being
wasted.
-8-
考点必记
(1)preserve...from...=protect...from...保护……免受……
be
well
preserved
(人)保养得很好
(2)preservation
n.保护,保存;保留,维持
in
good
preservation处于良好的保存状态
名师点津
preserve的基本意思是“保持”,指把某物“收藏”或“保存”好,强调要采取措施使某物完好无损或质量不变,可用于有形物,也可用于无形物。引申可表示“维持”。
用作动词时,只用作及物动词,接名词、代词做宾语。
-9-
4.come
across
(偶然)遇见或发现;被理解
[教材原句]There,they
came
across
the
tomb
of
King
Tutankhamun.就是在那个地方他们偶然发现了国王图坦卡蒙的陵墓。(P42)
-10-
语境巧练
用come相关短语的适当形式填空
①You
are
very
likely
to
come
across
large
wild
animals,too.?
②Maybe
you
could
come
over
when
you
have
time.?
③To
some
extent,what
you
came
up
with
is
practical.?
④She
came
to
herself
three
hours
after
the
operation.?
⑤That
magazine
comes
out
once
a
month.?
⑥The
argument
came
about
because
they
were
talking
about
politics.?
⑦It
is
eleven
o’clock
and
Father
is
likely
to
come
back
at
any
moment.?
⑧It
looks
as
if
interest
rates
will
come
down/come
up
again
this
month.?
-11-
考点必记
come
about发生;产生 come
along随同;进展;出现
come
back回来;想起来;复活
come
down下来;下落
come
down
to到达;从一处来到另一处
come
into
being形成;产生 come
off脱落;从……离开
come
out露出;出来;出现;出版;发(芽);开(花)
come
over从一地来到另一地;顺便来访
come
to来到;出现;提及;达到;共计
come
to
an
end结束,终止 come
to
life(变得)活泼;苏醒过来
come
to
oneself苏醒过来,恢复知觉
come
to/into
power当权,上台
come
up被提及;发生;上升,抬头
come
up
with提出,想出(主意),找出(答案);赶上
-12-
5.content
n.内容,目录;满足;容量 adj.满足的 vt.使满足
[教材原句]Afterwards,all
of
its
contents
would
go
into
a
museum.然后,里面的所有东西都将进入博物馆。(P42)
语境巧练
完成句子
①We
should
be
content
with
(应该满足于)
what
we
already
have.?
②My
apology
seemed
to
content
him
(使他感到满意).?
考点必记
content
oneself
with使(某人自己)对……感到满足
be
content
to
do
sth满足于做某事
be/feel
content
with对……满足/满意
-13-
6.disturb
v.搅乱,弄乱,打扰,扰乱,使(人)心神不宁(常用被动语态)
[教材原句]When
a
tomb
is
opened,fresh
air
disturbs
the
viruses.一旦打开陵墓,(外界的)新鲜空气就搅动了这些病毒。(P43)
-14-
语境巧练
单句填空
①She
was
disturbed
(disturb)
and
depressed
by
the
news.
②It
disturbs
(disturb)
me
to
betray
my
family
or
friends.
③You
can
work
here
without
any
disturbance
(disturb).
用disturb,bother,interrupt与trouble填空
④I
am
sorry
to
trouble
you,but
can
you
tell
me
the
time?
⑤Stop
interrupting
me;I
am
talking
to
your
mother.
⑥She
was
disturbed
to
hear
of/about
her
mother’s
sudden
illness.
⑦It
disturbs
me
to
betray
my
family
or
friends.
⑧I
wonder
why
she
bothered
to
set
such
a
feast
for
me.
-15-
考点必记
(1)It
disturbs
sb
to
do
sth做某事使某人不安
(2)disturbed
adj.困扰的
be
disturbed
about/by/at对……感到不安
(3)disturbing
adj.令人不安的,引起烦恼的
(4)disturbance
n.干扰;骚乱
-16-
易混辨析
disturb,bother,interrupt与trouble
disturb主动语态里指无意“干扰”;被动语态里则指程度较深的“烦恼”,也指打破平静、秩序等,甚至表示心理、精神方面失常;
bother主动语态里指有意“烦扰”;被动语态里则指暂时的、无关紧要的“打扰”;
interrupt指打扰或打断正在说话的人;
trouble指因麻烦别人所造成的不便。
-17-
7.result
in导致,造成
[教材原句]If
breathed
in,they
can
result
in
illness
or
even
death.如果这些病毒被吸入人体,它们就可能导致疾病,甚至死亡。(P43)
-18-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Their
wings
can
bridge
the
gap
between
lines,
resulting
(result)
in
electrocution
if
they
touch
two
lines
at
once.
②Now
we
are
about
to
finish
our
long
journey
as
a
result
of
these
efforts.
句式转换
③He
didn’t
work
hard.As
a
result
,he
failed
the
exam.?
=He
didn’t
work
hard,which
resulted
in/caused/led
to/contributed
to
his
failure
in
the
exam.?
=He
failed
the
exam,which
resulted
from
his
laziness
without
trying
his
best.?
-19-
考点必记
(1)result
in=cause=lead
to=contribute
to导致;造成
result
from产生于……,由……引起
(2)as
a
result
结果
as
a
result
of...由于……
without
result毫无结果地
易混辨析
result
from与result
in
result
from意为“因……发生;由……引起”;result
in意为“导致;带来”。
As
we
all
know,smoking
often
results
in
lung
diseases.
=As
we
all
know,lung
diseases
often
result
from
smoking.
众所周知,吸烟常常让人患上肺病。
-20-
8.inspire
vt.启迪,赋予灵感;鼓舞,激励
[教材原句]Do
you
want
to
inspire
students
with
your
experiences?你想用自己的经历来激励学生吗?(P53)
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
Lake
District
scenery
inspired
Wordsworth
to
write
(write)
his
greatest
poetry.?
②Do
you
have
an
inspiring
(inspire)
or
life-changing
story
to
tell?
③He
left
a
deep
impression
on
me
and
gave
me
the
inspiration
(inspire)
to
pick
up
my
pen
again.
-21-
考点必记
(1)inspire
sb
to
sth激励某人获得某物
inspire
sb
to
do
sth激励某人做某事
inspire
sth
in
sb=inspire
sb
with
sth使某人产生某种感情,激发某人的某种感情
(2)inspired
adj.有创意的,有灵感的
inspiring
adj.鼓舞人心的,激发灵感的
(3)inspiration
n.灵感
-22-
9.discourage
vt.使灰心,使气馁;阻止,劝阻
[教材原句]Even
though
some
of
the
gorillas
were
quite
dangerous,this
did
not
discourage
Dian.尽管有些大猩猩非常危险,
但是这却没有让Dian退缩。(P57)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Yet
instead
of
being
discouraged
(discourage)
by
my
slow
progress,I
was
excited.(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
②It
is
a
discouragement
(discourage)
to
me.
③Today,Lucy
wants
to
see
if
African
honeybees
might
discourage
elephants
from
eating
crops.
④He
was
discouraged
(discourage)
by
the
unsuccessful
attempt.?
-23-
考点必记
(1)discourage...from...阻止……做……,使……丧失(做)……的信心
(2)discouraged
adj.泄气的,沮丧的
be
discouraged
by因……而泄气
(3)discouragement
n.挫折
用法点拨
表示“阻止某人做某事”的表达还有:prevent/stop/keep
sb
from
doing
sth。
-24-
10.without...表示含蓄条件
[教材原句]Without
her
work,there
would
be
very
few
mountain
gorillas
left
today.要是没有她的工作,今天就只剩下很少的山地大猩猩了。(P57)
-25-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Without
his
wartime
experiences,Hemingway
wouldn’t
have
written
(write)
his
famous
novel
A
Farewell
to
Arms.?
②Without
your
help,I
wouldn’t
have
become
(become)a
doctor.?
③Without
the
teacher’s
praise,I
wouldn’t
have
made
(make)
so
much
progress.?
完成句子
④Without
his
support
(没有他的帮助),we
wouldn’t
be
where
we
are
now.?
⑤Without
the
elevator,
there
could
be
no
tall
buildings
(就不会有高层建筑).?
-26-
考点必记
Without
her
work用来表示一种假设,表示与实际情况相反,这种条件称为含蓄条件。该句也可换成if引导的非真实条件句:If
it
hadn’t
been
for
her
work,...
(1)当句中有这种含蓄条件句时,主句谓语动词的变化如下:
①表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”。
②表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/should/might+have+动词-ed形式”。
③表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”。
(2)类似without能够表示含蓄条件的词语还有but
for(要不是),
otherwise(否则),or(否则)等。
-27-
11.desire
n.渴望,欲望,渴求 vt.希望得到,想要
[教材原句]He
always
had
a
strong
desire
to
learn
how
to
fly.他一直强烈渴望学习如何飞行。(P58)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Few
people
I
know
seem
to
have
much
desire
or
time
to
cook
(cook).(2018·浙江卷,语篇填空)?
②Therefore,there
is
the
desire
for
their
dorms
to
be
replacement
homes.
③Whatever
our
circumstances,we
still
have
dreams,hopes
and
desires
(desire).
④We
desire
that
immediate
help
(should)be
given
(give)
to
the
local
villagers
who
have
been
trapped
by
the
flood.?
⑤We
desire
you
to
complete
(complete)
the
work
within
one
month.
-28-
考点必记
(1)desire
to
do
sth想要做某事
desire
sb
to
do
sth想要某人做某事
(2)have
a
desire
for
sth/to
do
sth渴望(做)某事
have
no
desire
for
sth/to
do
sth不想/没有……愿望
satisfy
one’s
desire满足某人的欲望
(3)desired
adj.渴望的,想得到的
(4)desirable
adj.值得要的,令人向往的
用法点拨
desire后跟宾语从句、同位语从句或表语从句时,从句谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”,在美式英语中多用动词原形。
-29-
12.apply
vt.涂,敷;应用,运用;(后常接oneself)使致力(于),使专心从事(+to) vi.申请;应用,使用;适用
[教材原句]In
1998,he
applied
to
be
a
member
of
Project
921,which
is
now
called
Shenzhou.1998年,他申请成为“921计划”(现名“神舟”)的成员。(P58)
-30-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Today,Paris
is
back
on
the
softball
team.Taylor
will
apply
to
college
soon.(2017·北京卷,阅读理解)
②My
brother
is
one
of
the
many
applicants
(apply)
for
the
job.
③You
must
apply
for
a
passport
before
going
abroad.
④The
new
invention
should
be
widely
applied
(apply)
to
practice.
⑤I
sent
a
letter
of
application
(apply)
last
week,but
I
haven’t
received
a
reply
so
far.
⑥He
has
devoted
himself
to
applied
(apply)
chemistry
in
the
past
20
years.
-31-
考点必记
(1)apply
for申请,请求
apply
to
sb/sth...向某人/某物申请……
apply...to...把……运用到……中去;将……涂抹到……上面
apply
oneself
to专心致志于
(2)applicant
n.申请人
application
n.申请;应用
applied
adj.应用的,实用的
applicable
adj.适宜的,合适的(通常不用于名词前)
appliance
n.家用电器;器具
-32-
13.It
is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分
[教材原句]Although
Yang
did
not
get
the
best
scores
on
every
single
test,it
was
his
high
scores
on
the
psychological
tests
that
finally
won
him
the
status
of
China’s
first
astronaut.尽管杨利伟并不是每项测试都得了最高分,但他的各项心理测试所得的高分使他最终赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。(P58)
-33-
语境巧练
改写句子
I
met
him
in
the
countryside
last
year
by
accident.
①
.
(强调主语)
It
was
I
that/who
met
him
in
the
countryside
last
year
by
accident.
②
.(强调宾语)?
It
was
him
that/who
I
met
in
the
countryside
last
year
by
accident
③
.(强调地点状语)?
It
was
in
the
countryside
that
I
met
him
last
year
by
accident
-34-
④
.(强调时间状语)?
It
was
last
year
that
I
met
him
in
the
countryside
by
accident
⑤
.(强调方式状语)?
It
was
by
accident
that
I
met
him
last
year
in
the
countryside
-35-
考点必记
(1)强调句型的基本结构为:It
is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分(若被强调的是人,可用that或who;若被强调的部分是其他时,一律用that)。另外要注意:强调句型不能用来强调谓语动词,对谓语动词的强调一般是在动词前加do,does,did。
(2)强调句的一般疑问句结构为:Is/Was
it+被强调部分+that/who...?
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句结构为:特殊疑问词+is/was
it+that...?
(4)对not...until...句型中的时间状语(从句)进行强调时的结构为:It
is/was
not
until+被强调部分+that+其他部分。
-36-
14.superior
n.上级,上司 adj.更好的;更高的
[教材原句]Yang
was
described
by
his
superiors
as
hard-working
and
always
in
control
of
himself.杨利伟的领导们将他描述为一个勤奋刻苦、总能自控的人。(P58)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Your
computer
is
far
superior
to
mine.
②Will
the
US
have
superiority
in
airpower?
③Humans
have
intellectual
superiority
over/to
other
animals.
④Gossip
gives
people
a
sense
of
superiority
(superior).
-37-
考点必记
(1)be
superior
to超过;优于;胜过
be
inferior
to劣于;次于
(2)superiority
n.优势;优越感
have
superiority
over/to
sb/sth
in...在……方面比……有优势
-38-
15.in
control
(of)掌管/控制……
[教材原句]Yang
was
described
by
his
superiors
as
hard-working
and
always
in
control
of
himself.杨利伟的领导们将他描述为一个勤奋刻苦、总能自控的人。(P58)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Enemy
forces
are
in
control
of
the
city.
②Sometimes,I
have
to
take
the
responsibility
for
something
beyond
my
control.
③She
used
diet
and
exercise
to
bring
her
weight
under
control.
句式转换
④He
is
in
control
of
the
club.=The
club
is
in
the
control
of
him.?
⑤He
lost
control
of
his
car.=His
car
was/got
out
of
control.?
-39-
考点必记
(1)be
in/out
of
control受控制/失去控制
get
out
of
control
(动作)失去控制
lose
control
of失去对……的控制
keep/bring/get
sth
under
control控制某物
under/beyond
one’s
control在……管理之内/外
take
control
of控制
A
is
in
control
of
B=B
is
in
the
control
of
A A指挥B
(2)control
oneself自我控制
-40-
16.look
up
to敬佩;尊重,尊敬
[教材原句]The
people
of
China
can
be
proud
of
Yang
Liwei,and
young
people
all
over
the
world
can
look
up
to
him
as
an
example
of
a
man
who
managed
to
live
his
dream.中国人民可以以杨利伟为骄傲,全世界的年轻人也会将他视为努力实现梦想的榜样。(P58)
-41-
语境巧练
单句填空
①I
like
to
look
back
on
my
high
school
days,which
were
the
happiest
in
my
life.
②We’re
so
much
looking
forward
to
seeing
you
again.
③She
looked
through
her
notes
before
the
examination.
④The
local
police
are
looking
into
the
case.
⑤Look
up
the
time
of
the
next
train
in
the
timetable.
⑥We
should
look
up
to
him
for
his
devotion
to
the
work.
-42-
考点必记
look
back
on回顾过去 look
after照看,照顾
look
around/about环顾四周 look
down
on轻视
look
for寻找 look
into调查
look
forward
to盼望 look
on旁观,观望
look
out(for)留意,当心 look
up查找;向上看
look
on/upon...as...把……看作……
look
over检查,查看;从……上面看过去
look
through浏览,翻阅;仔细检查,查看
-43-
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.It’s
desired
(desire)
that
all
the
humans
be
treated
equally.
2.The
new
technology
was
applied
(apply)
to
farming.
3.Children
are
often
full
of
curiosity
(curious)
and
they
take
great
interest
in
everything.
4.The
accident
caused
a
large
number
of
deaths
(death).
5.He
thought
about
all
of
the
survival
(survive)
shows
he
had
watched
on
TV.
6.By
the
time
Mary
returned
home
from
England,her
son
had
graduated
(graduate)
from
college.?
7.When
applying
(apply)
for
a
job,you
should
highlight
your
experience
and
skills.
-44-
8.The
young
man
was
glad
that
his
experience
as
a
cook
in
the
army
finally
paid
(pay)
off.
9.I
came
across
an
old
diary
in
her
desk,which
was
written
20
years
ago.
10.When
she
returned
home,Rose
found
her
computer
had
been
removed
(remove)
and
she
was
very
confused.?
-45-
Ⅱ.短语填空
look
up
to,pay
off,come
across,in
control
of,result
in
1.He
managed
to
pay
off
Sparrow’s
debts.?
2.We
should
look
up
to
him
as
an
example
of
devotion
to
duty.?
3.Nobody
knows
who
is
in
control
of
the
club.?
4.The
other
day
I
came
across
my
former
colleague
in
the
department
store.?
5.The
Beijing
flood,which
began
in
July
2012
resulted
in
huge
damage
to
the
city
of
Beijing.?
-46-
Ⅲ.单句改错
1.Not
only
the
students
but
also
the
teacher
is
against
the
plan
yesterday.
is→was
2.I
have
always
looked
up
Bill
for
his
courage
and
determination.
up后加to
3.I
come
across
an
old
school
friend
in
Oxford
Street
this
morning.
come→came
4.Those
policies
resulted
from
many
elderly
people
suffering
hardship.
from→in
5.In
2004,when
my
daughter
Becky
was
ten,she
and
my
husband,Joe,
were
united
in
their
desire
a
dog.
desire后加for
6.The
book
is
superior
than
that
one.
than→to
-47-
Ⅳ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.你看过《跟着贝尔去冒险》(Survivor
Games)这个节目吗?(watch)
2.节目中的主持人是英国人Bear
Grylls。(host)
3.他好奇心极强,喜欢去一些新地方探险。(curiosity,explore)
4.在节目中,他带领其他嘉宾野外求生,去大峡谷、茂密的树林等人迹罕至的地方。(survival)
5.偶遇野兽也是常有的事,在条件恶劣的情况下,他们不得不生吞蛇和老鼠等。我非常敬佩他。(come
across,look
up
to)
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
-48-
Have
you
ever
watched
the
programme
Survivor
Games?
Its
host
is
Bear
Grylls,who
is
British.He
has
plenty
of
curiosity,
enjoying
exploring
new
places.In
the
programme,he
and
the
guests
try
to
seek
survival
in
the
wild.Thus,they
hike
to
the
grand
valleys
or
the
thick
forests
where
people
rarely
live.It
is
common
for
them
to
come
across
beasts.In
some
bad
situations,
they
have
to
swallow
live
snakes
and
rats.
In
a
word,I
look
up
to
him
very
much.
