(共26张PPT)
Unit
2 Language
(主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习)
-2-
在记忆中求准确
在语境中求熟练 Practice
makes
perfect.
必背表达单词——写作信手拈来
1.vocabulary
n.
词汇
2.occupy
vt.占领;占用(时间、空间等)
3.consist
vi.组成,构成
4.mixture
n.混合,混合体
5.aside
adv.除……之外
6.official
adj.官方的,正式的
7.contribution
n.贡献,促成因素;捐赠
8.defeat
vt.击败,战胜
9.replace
vt.替换,代替,取代
10.entire
adj.完全的,整个的
11.raise
vt.养育,培养;举起;增加,提高;筹募;提及
-3-
12.process
n.过程;进程
13.concern
n.关心;忧虑
vt.涉及;使担忧;对……感兴趣
14.unique
adj.独特的
15.access
vt.进入;使用
n.通道;(使用的)机会,权利
16.character
n.(书写或印刷)文字,符号;人物;性格
17.racial
adj.人种的,种族的
18.gentle
adj.温柔的,平和的
19.embarrass
vt.使尴尬,使难堪
20.conclusion
n.结论;推论
21.custom
n.风俗,习俗
22.interrupt
vi.&
vt.
插嘴,打断,暂停
23.mistaken
adj.错误的;误解的
24.differ
vi.相异,有区别
-4-
25.deed
n.行为,行动
26.writing
n.文字;文字作品
27.appearance
n.外观,外貌
28.represent
vt.代表;展示,描绘
29.drawing
n.绘画,绘画艺术
30.combine
vt.&vi.
组合;(使)联合
31.indicate
vt.显示,表示;象征,暗示
32.shortcoming
n.缺点,短处
33.eyesight
n.视力
34.press
vt.(被)压,挤,推,施加压力
n.报刊;新闻界;出版社
35.convenient
adj.方便的
36.drag
vt.(使劲地)拖,拉
37.practical
adj.切实可行的,实用的
-5-
识记阅读单词——读文理解通畅
1.nowadays
adv.现在,如今
2.mainland
n.大陆
3.phrase
n.词组,短语
4.servant
n.仆人
5.therefore
adv.因此,所以
6.distinction
n.区别,差别
7.mutton
n.羊肉
8.bacon
n.熏猪肉,咸猪肉
9.high-class
adj.上层社会的
10.spelling
n.拼写
11.accent
n.口音,腔调;着重点
12.ban
vt.&
n.禁止;取缔
-6-
13.pure
adj.纯的,纯净的,纯粹的
14.bark
n.&vi.(狗)叫
15.backwards
adv.向后;向反方向
16.alphabet
n.(一种语言的)字母表,
全部字母
17.hunt
vt.&vi.打猎,猎杀;搜寻
18.simplify
vt.简化
19.ink
n.墨水,油墨
20.wire
n.金属丝;铁丝网
21.battle
n.&vi.战斗
22.pattern
n.图案,花纹;模式,方式
23.thus
adv.以此方式,如此;因为,从而
24.typewriter
n.打字机
25.version
n.版本
26.distinguish
vt.区分,辨别;使具有某种特征
-7-
『构织连脉词族』
1.occupy
vt.占领;占用(时间、空间等)→occupation
n.占领;占用
2.mixture
n.混合,混合体→mix
vt.混合
3.official
adj.官方的,正式的→office
n.办公室,职务
4.contribution
n.贡献,促成因素;捐赠→contribute
vt.贡献;捐赠
5.entire
adj.完全的,整个的→entirely
adv.完全地,整个地
6.servant
n.仆人→serve
vt.服务→service
n.服务
7.concern
n.关心;忧虑
vt.涉及;使担忧;对……感兴趣→concerning
prep.与……有关→concerned
adj.担心的,挂念的
8.pure
adj.纯的,纯净的,纯粹的→purity
n.纯洁;纯净
→purify
vt.使纯洁
9.character
n.(书写或印刷)文字,符号;人物;性格
→characteristic
adj.显著的;独特的
10.gentle
adj.温柔的,平和的→gently
adv.温柔地,平和地
-8-
11.conclusion
n.结论;推论→conclude
vt.得出结论
12.mistaken
adj.错误的;误解的→mistake
n.错误;误差
13.differ
vi.相异,有区别→different
adj.不同的,有差异的→difference
n.差异,不同之处
14.appearance
n.外观,外貌→appear
vi.出现→disappear
vi.消失
15.simplify
vt.简化→simple
adj.简单的→simplified
adj.简化的
16.combine
vt.&vi.组合;(使)联合→combination
n.组合
17.distinguish
vt.区分,辨别;使具有某种特征
→distinguished
adj.尊敬的,著名的
18.convenient
adj.方便的→convenience
n.方便
→inconvenient
adj.不便的→inconvenience
n.不便
19.practical
adj.切实可行的,实用的→practice
n.实用,操练
-9-
『语用规律归纳』
1.由ban想到的
forbid 禁止
allow 允许
permit 许可
2.“-ward”后缀方位词
southward
向南
northward
向北
eastward
向东
westward
向西
upward
向上
-10-
3.press团队
express
v.表达
expression
n.表达;表情
impress
v.留下印象
impression
n.印象
pressure
n.压力
4.“完全”家族
completely
adv.完全地;彻底地
wholly
adv.完全地;全面地
totally
adv.完全地;彻底地
altogether
adv.完全地;总共
entirely
adv.完全地;彻底地
-11-
5.“由……组成”的两种表达
consist
of
be
made
up
of
6.“因此”的各种表达
therefore因此;所以
as
a
result结果;因此
as
a
consequence结果;因此
consequently因此;结果
7.后缀-ify动词集锦
identify鉴定;识别出
beautify美化
classify分类
horrify使恐惧
-12-
8.单复数意义不同的名词
custom(风俗习惯)→customs(海关)
manner(方式)→manners(礼貌)
iron(铁)→irons(镣铐)
arm(手臂)→arms(武器)
glass(玻璃)→glasses(眼镜)
pain(痛苦)→pains(劳苦)
paper(纸)→papers(文件)
9.“代表”某人
as
a
representative
of
sb
on
behalf
of
sb
represent
sb
-13-
10.“优缺点”荟萃
advantage
n.优势;有利条件
disadvantage
n.劣势;不利条件
strength
n.优势
weakness
n.劣势
shortcoming
n.缺点
11.“辨别;区分”家族
distinguish...from...
使……有别于……
distinguish
between...and...区分/辨别……和……
tell
the
difference
between...and...区分/辨别……和……
tell...from...区分/辨别……和……
-14-
『语境活用』
1.Cathy
had
quit
her
job
when
her
son
was
born
so
that
she
could
stay
at
home
and
raise
(养育)her
son.
However,
many
problems
were
produced
in
the
process
(过程).
2.One
of
NASA’s
major
concerns
(关注)
about
astronauts
is
their
unique
(独特的)
characteristics
of
how
they
can
remain
healthy
for
long
in
space.
3.Many
people
in
this
area
are
occupied
with
agriculture.He
carried
on
several
occupations
at
a
time.(occupy)
4.There
is
no
difference
between
the
sexes.That
is
where
we
differ.
(differ)
5.The
sudden
appearance
of
the
teacher
caused
them
to
run
away.Student
leaders
appeared
before
them
to
ask
for
calm.(appear)
-15-
从表面理解到深层延伸
从拓展中抓其规律 Observation
is
the
best
teacher.
1.work
on
从事
2.all
through
history
有史以来
3.in
conclusion
总之
4.differ
from
和……不同,不同于
5.name
after
以……命名
6.in
that
因为
7.aside
from
除……外
8.stand
for
代表,象征
9.as
a
whole
作为整体,总体上
10.take
control
of
控制,取得对……控制
-16-
11.lead
to/result
in/contribute
to
导致
12.be
of
practical
use
有实用性
13.go
through
huge
changes
经历巨变
14.be
made
up
of/consist
of
由……组成(构成)
15.weigh
as
much
as
100
pounds
重达100磅
16.make
contributions
to
对……做贡献
17.introduce
sb
to
reading
将某人领入阅读世界
18.over
time
随着时间的推移
19.play
a
part
in
在……发挥作用
20.in
the
1950s
在20世纪50年代
-17-
『语用规律归纳』
after短语
look
after照顾,照料,照看
take
after与某人相像
run
after追赶,追求
be
after追赶,寻找
after
service售后服务
after
all毕竟
go
after追求
one
after
another
一个接一个,连续地
after
sight见票后照付
-18-
『语境活用』
1.But
higher
wages
drive
up
the
costs
of
production,
leading
to
higher
prices.
2.Why
not
take
control
of
the
situation?
3.Is
the
collection
going
to
be
divided
up
or
sold
as
a
whole?
-19-
从教材中探求高考脉动
从仿写中熟练运用 Nothing
is
impossible
for
a
willing
heart.
『领悟教材语境』
1.That
is
why
English
has
so
many
difficult
rules
that
confuse
people.
(Page
22)
[考点提炼]why引导表语从句
2.After
the
Norman
Conquest,high-class
people
spoke
French
while
common
people
spoke
English.
(Page
23)
[考点提炼]while引导并列分句
3.The
question
of
whether
English
will
keep
on
changing
in
the
future
is
easy
to
answer.
(Page
23)
[考点提炼]主语+be+形容词+不定式
-20-
4.It
is
certain
that
this
process
will
continue,and
people
will
keep
inventing
new
words
and
new
ways
of
saying
things.
(Page
23)
[考点提炼]It
is
certain+that从句
5.Not
all
characters
were
developed
from
drawings
of
objects.
(Page
38)
[考点提炼]not
all表示部分否定
-21-
『高考写作情景』
1.他病得厉害,那就是他没上学的原因。
He
is
seriously
ill;that’s
why
he
is
absent
from
school.
2.墙是绿色的,而天花板是白色的。
The
walls
are
green,while
the
ceiling
is
white.
3.嘈杂的环境难以忍受。
The
noisy
surroundings
are
difficult
to
tolerate.
4.不管你是否同意这个证据,全球正在转变思维这一点是肯定的。
Whether
you
agree
with
the
evidence
or
not,it
is
certain
that
there
has
been
a
global
shift
in
thinking.
5.
不是所有的学生放学以后都去打篮球。
Not
all
of
the
students
go
to
play
basketball
after
school.
-22-
旧材新用
探究根源 Kill
two
birds
with
one
stone.
『主题与语篇填空』
British
English
is
the
language
spoken
in
Britain.American
English,
also
known
1.as
United
States
English
or
US
English,is
a
set
of
dialects
of
the
English
language
2.used(use)mostly
in
the
United
States.
Vocabulary
is
a
major
3.difference(different)between
American
English
and
British
English.Because
of
the
widespread
usage
of
American
English,many
British
people
are
starting
to
use
some
American
words
4.to
replace
(replace)some
of
their
British
ones.So
a
lorry
is
becoming
a
truck.There
are
many
other
words
that
are
being
replaced
as
well.There
5.are(be)also
times
when
the
same
words
have
completely
different
meanings
in
both
forms
of
English.In
British
English
a
biscuit
is
similar
to
a
cookie,but
in
American
English
it
is
more
like
a
dinner
roll.
-23-
Sometimes
British
people
6.pronounce
(pronunciation)their
numbers
differently.They
enjoy
7.adding
(add)the
word
“and”
between
the
numbers.For
example,American
English-speaking
people
usually
say
107
one
hundred
seven,8.while
most
British
English-speaking
people
say
one
hundred
and
seven.
9.It
is
interesting
to
note
that
many
British
English-speaking
people
admire
American
accents.At
the
same
time,many
American
English-speaking
people
10.simply
(simple)love
British
accents.
-24-
『主题与短文改错』
The
man
who
introduced
blind
people
to
read
was
Louis
Braille
(1809—1852).In
1821,when
a
soldier
visited
the
school
and
showed
the
students
a
system
for
passing
messages
in
night
during
times
of
battle.His
system
used
paper
with
small,raised
dots
where
could
be
felt
with
finger.
While
the
students
found
the
soldier’s
idea
interested,the
system
was
too
difficult
to
be
of
practical
useful.However,young
Louis
Braille
took
the
idea
and
worked
on
it.At
the
age
of
fifteen,he
creates
a
system
with
patterns
of
six
raised
dots
representing
each
letter.“Braille”,the
system
for
reading
using
today
by
blind
people
around
the
world,was
thus
born.Today,it
is
the
most
common
system
used
by
blind
people
for
reading
and
writing,and
nearly
every
language,including
Chinese,has
it’s
own
version
of
Braille
for
its
people
to
use.
-25-
-26-(共57张PPT)
Unit
2 Language
(主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习)
-2-
1.be
made
up
of由……组成(构成)
[教材原句]The
English
language
is
made
up
of
the
grammar
and
vocabulary
these
people
brought
to
Britain.英语是由这些人带到英国去的语法规则和词汇构成的。(P22)
-3-
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
audience
for
golf
and
tennis
is
made
up
of
people
from
the
highest
income
groups
in
the
United
States,including
many
lawyers
and
business
managers.
②As
a
result,people
will
eat
more
food
to
try
to
make
up
for
that
something
missing.(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,语篇填空)
③Students
are
provided
with
breakfast,which
consists
of
a
sandwich,a
drink
and
a
dessert.
④Listening
is
thus
an
active,not
a
passive,behavior
consisting
(consist)
of
hearing,understanding
and
remembering.
⑤Westerners
should
take
advantage
of
the
ancient
Chinese
wisdom
to
make
up
for
the
drawbacks
of
Western
philosophy.
⑥They
made
him
up
as
an
old
man
for
the
last
act
of
the
play.
-4-
考点必记
(1)make
up形成;组成;构成;虚构;捏造;编造;弥补;补偿;铺床;化妆
be
made
of/from...由……制成
make
it获得成功;准时到达
make
for...向……移动;促成……
make
sb/sth
out看清;分清;辨认清楚
make
use
of利用
make
up
for偿还;赔偿;弥补
make
up
one’s
mind
下决心
(2)consist
of由……组成(构成)
consist
in在于;存在于(相当于lie
in)
consist
with符合;与……一致
consistent
adj.相符的;一致的
be
consistent
with和……一致/相符
-5-
2.occupy
vt.占据(时间、空间等);使忙于
[教材原句]Then
two
Germanic
groups
from
the
European
mainland—the
Angles
and
the
Saxons—occupied
Britain.之后,来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部落——盎格鲁人和撒克逊人——占领了不列颠。(P22)
-6-
语境巧练
单句填空
①I
suppose
I
was
looking
for
an
occupation
(occupy)which
was
going
to
be
an
adventure.
②I
had
forgotten
about
it
because
I
had
been
so
occupied
with
other
things.
③Teaching
and
doing
homework
keep
her
occupied
(occupy)every
day.
④Mary
was
occupied
in
redecorating
her
house
and
had
no
time
to
attend
the
party.
-7-
考点必记
(1)occupy
oneself
with
sth/in
doing
sth忙于(做)某事
(2)occupied
adj.已占用的;无空闲的
be
occupied(房间、座位、床位等)被占用;被占有
be
occupied(in)doing
sth忙于做某事
be
occupied
with
sth从事/忙于某事
(3)occupation
n.工作;职业;占据
-8-
3.name
after以……命名
[教材原句]Old
English
consisted
of
a
mixture
of
their
languages.(Both
the
English
language
and
the
English
people
are
named
after
the
Angles;the
word
Angle
was
spelt
Engle
in
Old
English.)
古英语包括他们语言的组合体。(不但英语而且英国人都要以盎格鲁人命名;单词Angle在古英语中被拼写为Engle。)(P22)
语境巧练
完成句子
①They
named
the
little
girl
after
her
mother
(用她妈妈的名字为这个女孩命名).?
②In
the
name
of
justice
(在公正的名义下),all
men
should
be
equal
before
laws.?
③Is
there
anyone
by
the
name
of
(名叫)Dennis
Fleming??
④Munro
wrote
under
the
name
of
(用……为别名)Saki.?
-9-
考点必记
in
the
name
of以……的名义;代表某人
by
name
名叫……的,凭名字
by
the
name
of
称作;叫作
under
the
name
of用……为别名
写作佳句
Paris
is
named
after
a
group
of
people
called
Paris.
巴黎是以一个叫巴黎的民族命名的。
-10-
4.aside
from
除……之外
[教材原句]Aside
from
place
names
such
as
London,very
few
Celtic
words
became
part
of
Old
English.除了地名,如,伦敦,很少的凯尔特语成为古英语的一部分。(P22)
语境巧练
用besides,except,aside
from与except
for填空
①All
the
students
took
part
in
the
sports
meeting
except/aside
from
Tom.?
②We
need
three
more
chairs
besides/aside
from
the
two.?
③Except
for
the
ending,it’s
a
really
good
film.?
-11-
考点必记
易混辨析
besides,except,aside
from,except
for
(1)besides除外的部分包含在内,相当于with/plus
(2)except除外的部分不包含在内,相当于without
(3)aside
from兼有besides以及except的用法
(4)except
for排除整体中的一个细节或某一方面
-12-
5.contribution
n.贡献,促成因素;捐赠
[教材原句]The
most
important
contribution
was
from
the
Normans,a
French-speaking
people
who
defeated
England
and
took
control
of
the
country
in
1066.最重要的影响来自诺曼人,说法语的诺曼人在1066年打败英国并控制了这个国家。(P22)
-13-
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
editor
said
he
had
no
time
to
look
through
the
essays
contributed
(contribute)recently.
②Thanks
for
the
contributions
you
have
made
(make)in
the
past
ten
years.?
③She
contributed
a
lot
of
good
ideas
to
the
discussion.
④Would
you
like
to
make
a
contribution
to
the
hospital
building
fund?
句式转换
⑤Various
factors
contributed
to
his
downfall.
=Various
factors
his
downfall.?
resulted
in/led
to/were
responsible
for/caused/
brought
about
-14-
考点必记
(1)make
a
contribution/contributions
to对……做出贡献/捐款
(2)contribute
vt.&vi.捐献;捐助;是……的原因之一;贡献;投稿
contribute...to...把……贡献给……;向……投稿
contribute
to有助于;导致(=result
in/lead
to);把时间投入到……
多词一义
contribute
to,result
in,be
responsible
for,bring
about,lead
to,cause
写作佳句
The
workers
were
rewarded
for
their
great
contributions
to
the
company.
工人们因对公司的巨大贡献而获奖。
-15-
6.defeat
vt.击败,战胜;使失败 n.击败,战胜;失败
[教材原句]The
most
important
contribution
was
from
the
Normans,a
French-speaking
people
who
defeated
England
and
took
control
of
the
country
in
1066.最重要的影响来自诺曼人,说法语的诺曼人在1066年打败英国并控制了这个国家。(P22)
-16-
语境巧练
用defeat,win与beat填空
①Every
time
the
workers
stuck
together
they
showed
their
strength
and
won.
②Whether
we
defeat
the
enemy
in
one
battle,or
by
degrees,the
consequences
will
be
the
same.
③It
was
not
until
his
third
match
in
1790
that
he
finally
beat
Humphries
and
became
Champion
of
England.
④Only
five
years
after
Steve
Jobs’
death,smart-phones
defeated
conventional
PCs
in
sales.(2017·江苏卷,单项填空)
-17-
考点必记
易混辨析defeat,win与beat
(1)defeat做名词,意为“战胜,击败,失败”;做及物动词,意为“击败,挫败”。defeat的宾语是竞争对手。
(2)win可做及物和不及物动词,意为“赢得,获胜,打胜,博得,获得”。win的宾语不能是竞争对手,而是war,prize,game,match,battle,competition之类的名词。
(3)beat通常用于游戏或比赛中,表示“击败”,后接比赛、辩论或战斗中的对手。defeat和win多用于正式的场合,beat较口语化。
-18-
7.lead
to导致;造成(后果)
[教材原句]However,the
Norman
Conquest
did
not
affect
English
as
much
as
the
Angles
and
the
Saxons’
victory
about
600
years
earlier,which
led
to
Old
English
replacing
Celtic.可是,诺曼征服并没有给英语带来大约六百年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人入侵对英语所带来的相同后果,盎格鲁人和撒克逊人入侵导致了古英语代替了凯尔特语。(P22)
-19-
语境巧练
用lead短语完成句子
①With
him
leading
the
way
(带路),we
got
there
without
any
difficulty.But
for
him,we
would
have
been
lost,which
would
lead
to
(导致)serious
consequences.His
action
led
us
to
believe
(使我们相信)that
he
was
our
true
friend.?
句式转换
②This
policy
will
give
rise
to
greater
instability
in
the
region.
=This
policy
will
lead
to
greater
instability
in
the
region.(lead)?
=This
policy
will
result
in
greater
instability
in
the
region.(result)?
=This
policy
will
contribute
to
greater
instability
in
the
region.(contribute)?
-20-
考点必记
(1)lead
sb
to
do...使某人做……
lead
sb
to...带某人去……
lead
the
way带路
lead
sb
by
the
nose牵着某人的鼻子走
(2)in
the
lead领先;处于首位
take
the
lead带头;领先
(3)result
in导致 contribute
to导致;有助于
bring
about引起 give
rise
to引起,使发生
名师点津
lead
to还有“通向……,把……带到”的意义
All
roads
lead
to
Rome.
条条大道通罗马。
-21-
8.replace
vt.替换,代替,取代
[教材原句]However,the
Norman
Conquest
did
not
affect
English
as
much
as
the
Angles
and
the
Saxons’
victory
about
600
years
earlier,which
led
to
Old
English
replacing
Celtic.可是,诺曼征服并没有给英语带来大约六百年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人入侵对英语所带来的相同后果,盎格鲁人和撒克逊人入侵导致了古英语代替了凯尔特语。(P22)
-22-
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
industry
has
also
taken
aim
at
the
product
that
has
appeared
as
its
replacement
(replace):
reusable
shopping
bags.(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解)
②A
code
uses
symbols
to
replace
(replace)
words,phrases,or
sentences.
③Within
days,Patrick’s
collection
was
replaced
(replace).?
考点必记
(1)replace
sb/sth取代某人/某物
replace
sth
with
sth用某物替换某物
(2)in
place
of
sb代替某人
take
one’s
place=take
the
place
of
sb代替某人
(3)replacement
n.取代
-23-
9.主语+be+形容词+不定式
[教材原句]The
question
of
whether
English
will
keep
on
changing
in
the
future
is
easy
to
answer.将来英语是否会继续改变这一问题是很容易回答的。(P23)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Their
plan
is
very
easy
to
carry
(carry)out.?
②This
machine
is
very
easy
to
operate
(operate).Anybody
can
learn
to
use
it
in
a
few
minutes.?
③I
like
getting
up
early
in
summer.The
morning
air
is
so
good
to
breathe
(breathe).?
④The
question
was
easy
enough
for
me
to
answer.
⑤After
two
hours
in
the
box,the
cake
is
ready
to
eat
(eat).?
-24-
考点必记
(1)在句型“主语+be+形容词+不定式”中,不定式做表语形容词的状语,并且和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,此时不定式多用主动形式表示被动含义。
(2)该不定式中的动词必须是及物动词;动词为不及物动词时,需在动词后加上相应的介词。
(3)常见的此类形容词有easy,hard,difficult,interesting,heavy,pleasant,
comfortable,safe,dangerous,impossible等,该类形容词说明的是不定式的性质。
-25-
10.It
is
certain
that可以肯定的是
[教材原句]It
is
certain
that
this
process
will
continue,and
people
will
keep
inventing
new
words
and
new
ways
of
saying
things.可以肯定的是这个进程还将继续,并且人们还在不断发明新词和描述事物的新方法。(P23)
语境巧练
完成句子
①However,the
scheme
is
certain/sure
to
(肯定会)
meet
opposition
from
fishermen’s
leaders.?
②It’s
not
certain
that
(无法肯定)
they’ll
accept
that
candidate
if
he
wins.?
③You’d
better
leave
now
if
you
want
to
make
certain
of
getting
there
on
time.
-26-
考点必记
(1)此句型中it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。certain
意为“确定的”,主要用做表语,与sure意义相似,但sure后跟宾语从句时,前面的主语必须是人,即“sb
be
sure+that从句”。
(2)be
certain
of/about肯定,有把握;make
certain
of(doing)
sth确保某事;be
certain/sure
to
do一定会做
(3)certain表示“某一,某种”时,不能用sure替换。
-27-
11.concern
n.关心;忧虑 vt.&vi.涉及;使担忧;对……感兴趣
[教材原句]King
Henry
Ⅶ
was
a
poet
who
showed
great
concern
for
language.国王亨利七世是一个诗人,非常关注语言。(P29)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Those
in
the
10
to
12
age
group
were
“concerned
with/about/for
how
many
people
like
their
posts”.
②Several
parents
expressed
their
great
concern
for
their
children’s
safety
at
school.
③As
far
as
the
brain
is
concerned
(concern),it
can
work
as
well
after
twelve
hours
as
at
the
beginning.?
④I
got
the
main
idea
of
the
story
concerning
(concern)
a
dog
who
finally
found
his
way
back
home.
-28-
考点必记
(1)concern
oneself
with/in
参与,从事
concern
oneself
about(=be
concerned
about)关心,挂念
(2)concerned
adj.担心的,担忧的
be
concerned
with/about/for...与……有关;关心,挂念,担心
as/so
far
as...be
concerned就……而言
(3)show/express
concern
for
sb担心某人
(4)concerning
prep.关于,涉及
-29-
12.ban
vt.&n.禁止;取缔
[教材原句]At
one
time
the
department
banned
some
‘borrowed
words’
from
English,including
‘weekend’
and
‘e-mail’.曾经有个时期,这个部门禁止一些从英语引进的词汇,包含“周末”和“电子邮件”。(P29)
语境巧练
单句填空
①After
the
accident,he
was
banned
from
driving.
②He
says
the
proposals
may
include
a
ban
on
drunken
driving.
③The
government
has
decided
to
ban
smoking
(smoke)in
public
places
across
the
country.
④Always
observe
district
fire
bans
(ban).Be
careful
if
you
smoke
or
have
an
outdoor
fire
or
barbecue—make
sure
the
ash
is
cold
before
leaving.
-30-
考点必记
(1)ban
doing
sth禁止做某事
ban
sb
from(doing)sth禁止某人(做)某事
(2)a
ban
on
sth对……的禁令
put/place
a
ban
on
sth宣布禁止……
高级词汇是prohibit,forbid
写作佳句
They
hope
paper
bags
will
be
banned
someday...(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解)他们希望纸袋将来有一天会被禁止……
-31-
13.unique
adj.独特的
[教材原句]French
people
supported
this
because
they
wanted
to
keep
their
language
pure
and
unique.法国人支持这一点,因为他们想保持其语言的纯粹和独特性。(P29)
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
foods
we
eat
are
often
unique
to
a
particular
culture.
②The
LongPen
produces
a
unique
signature
each
time.
考点必记
be
unique
to...对……独特的;独有的,to是介词
名师点津
unique没有比较级、最高级的用法,只能用一些quite,almost,nearly,really之类的词修饰。
-32-
14.access
n.(接近的)方法;通路;入径;(使用或见到的)机会;权利(常与to连用);可接近性 vt.进入;使用
[教材原句]Today,the
spread
of
‘borrowed
words’
is
mostly
due
to
the
easily
accessed
Internet
and
television
programmes
from
across
the
world.如今,外来词的传播主要是由于全世界因特网和电视节目的便捷。(P29)
-33-
语境巧练
单句填空
①People
have
better
(good)
access
to
health
care
than
they
used
to,and
they’re
living
longer
as
a
result.(2017·北京卷,单项填空)
②Thus
I
gain
access
to
their
living
environment.
③He
is
accessible
(access)
to
all
the
people
around
him.
句式转换
④Medicine
should
be
kept
where
it
is
out
of
children’s
range.
=Medicine
should
not
be
kept
where
it
is
accessible
to
children.
(accessible)?
=Medicine
should
be
kept
where
it
is
out
of
children’s
reach.(reach)
-34-
考点必记
(1)have/get/obtain/gain
access
to拥有……的机会;可以接近;进入
give
access
to准许进入(接近)
(2)accessible
adj.可到达的;易懂的;随和的
be
accessible
to可接近的;可靠近的;可使用的
用法点拨
(1)access的本意是进入某一地点的“通道,入口”,侧重进入的手段与途径,其含义是抽象的,一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权力等”,常与介词to连用。此外,access在计算机术语中可当“访问,进网”讲。
(2)在access
to中,介词to后可接名词或代词,一般不接doing。
-35-
15.conclusion
n.结论;推论
[教材原句]In
conclusion,we
need
to
know
the
customs
of
a
country
so
that
we
do
not
make
others
embarrassed
or
annoyed.总之,我们需要了解一个国家的风俗习惯,以便我们不会弄得别人不舒服或者厌烦。(P36)
语境巧练
单句填空
①All
the
information
should
be
available
so
that
people
can
reach
their
own
conclusions
(conclusion).
②In
conclusion,I
would
like
to
thank
you
all
for
your
hard
work.
③Researchers
concluded
that
the
French
tend
to
stop
eating
when
they
feel
full.
④At
the
meeting
we
arrived
at
a
conclusion
satisfactory
to
all.
-36-
考点必记
(1)come
to/arrive
at/reach/draw
a
conclusion(that同位语从句)
得出(……的)结论
make
a
conclusion(that)下结论
bring...to
a
conclusion使……结束
in
conclusion=to
conclude最后(一句话)
(2)conclude
v.推断出;推论出;(使)结束
conclude
(that)...得出结论……
-37-
16.differ
vi.相异,有区别
[教材原句]The
Chinese
language
differs
from
Western
languages
in
that,instead
of
an
alphabet,it
uses
characters
which
stand
for
ideas,objects
or
deeds.汉语与西方语言不同,区别在于它不使用字母,而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。(P38)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Humans
differ
from
other
animals
in
their
ability
to
speak.
②The
two
things
are
the
same
in
their
appearance,but
different
in
kind.
③What
you
have
told
me
may
make
a
difference
to
my
own
position.
④They
are
twins,so
it’s
hard
for
me
to
tell
the
difference
between
them.
-38-
句式转换
⑤British
English
differs
obviously
from
American
English
in
pronunciation
and
spelling.
=British
English
is
obviously
different
from
American
English
in
pronunciation
and
spelling.(different)?
=There
are
obvious
differences
between
British
English
and
American
English
in
pronunciation
and
spelling.(difference)?
-39-
考点必记
(1)differ
from不同于;和……不同
differ
in在……方面不同
differ(with
sb)on/about/over
sth在……上(和某人)有分歧/异议
(2)difference
n.差别,差异
make
a
difference
to...和……有差别;对……有影响
tell
the
difference
between
A
and
B分清A和B
(3)different
adj.不同的,个别的
be
different
from...in...在……方面与……不同
-40-
名师点津
differ是不及物动词,常接不同介词表示各种附加意义。接介词about/on可表示对某问题有异议;接in可表示在某方面有异议;接with则表示“不同意(某人)或某种意见”。
different在肯定句中可用very修饰,在否定句中则用much修饰。difference还可作“差距,差额”解,指的是事物之间存在的一个差额值,做不可数名词。difference引申还可作“分歧,争执”解,这时常用做复数形式。
-41-
17.stand
for代表,象征;支持;主张;容忍(用于否定句)
[教材原句]The
Chinese
language
differs
from
Western
languages
in
that,instead
of
an
alphabet,it
uses
characters
which
stand
for
ideas,objects
or
deeds.汉语与西方语言不同,区别在于它不使用字母,而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。(P38)
语境巧练
用stand相关短语的适当形式填空
①How
can
you
stand
by
and
see
him
be
accused
of
something
he
didn’t
do??
②The
new
road
sign
is
easy
to
read;the
words
stand
out
well.?
③The
five-star
red
flag
stands
for
our
country.?
-42-
考点必记
stand
by站在旁边;袖手旁观;支持
stand
out突出;显眼;杰出
stand
doing容忍做……
as
it
stands照此情况,照这个样子
from
where
I
stand以我的观点(立场)
-43-
18.as
a
whole
作为整体,总体上;整体看来
[教材原句]However,as
a
whole,the
characters
have
developed
from
drawings
into
standard
forms.不过总的来说,汉字从图画发展成了标准形式。(P38)
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
department
as
a
whole
has
performed
well
this
year.
②On
the
whole,he
got
what
he
wanted.
③I
am
wholly
(whole)responsible
for
the
confusion.
考点必记
on
the
whole
大体上;基本上;总的来说
the
whole
of
整个……
wholly
adv.完全地;全部地
-44-
19.Not
all表示部分否定
[教材原句]Not
all
characters
were
developed
from
drawings
of
objects.并不是所有的汉字都是从对物体的绘画发展而来的。(P38)
语境巧练
完成句子
①Everybody/Everyone
was
not
(并不是每个人)
rescued
from
the
earthquake.?
②Not
all
the
students
(不是所有的学生)
can
work
out
the
problem.?
③Neither
of
them
(他们两个都没)comes
here.?
-45-
考点必记
(1)all用于否定句时,表示部分否定。另外,both与every及every的合成词用于否定句时也表示部分否定,表示
“并非两者都……”“并不是每个都……”。
(2)none,neither,nobody,nothing,never等词表示全部否定。
-46-
20.distinguish
vt.区分,辨别;使具有某种特征
[教材原句]It
is
easy
to
distinguish
their
meanings
by
looking
at
them,for
example,the
characters
for
‘up’
and
‘down’,which
are
opposites
of
each
other.只要看它们的字形,就可以很容易区别它们的意思,比如汉字“上”和“下”,其字形恰好相反。(P38)
-47-
语境巧练
单句填空
①No
one
will
ever
know
what
mix
of
talent,ambition,energy
and
luck
made
Dickens
such
a
distinguished
(distinguish)
writer.(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解)
②Daniel
Anderson,a
famous
psychologist,believes
it’s
important
to
distinguish
television’s
influences
on
children
from
those
of
the
family.
③You
should
know
how
to
distinguish
among
three
kinds
of
print
dictionaries.
-48-
考点必记
(1)distinguish
between
A
and
B 区分A和B
distinguish
A
from
B 使A有别于B
distinguish
among
在……之间辨别
distinguish
oneself(as
sth)使出众;使著名;使受人青睐
(2)distinguished
adj.著名的;卓著的
写作佳句
They
can
even
distinguish
their
mother’s
voice
from
that
of
a
female
stranger.
他们甚至可以分辨出母亲和陌生女性的声音。
-49-
21.convenient
adj.方便的;便利的
[教材原句]The
whole
system
was
not
convenient
for
use.整个系统使用起来非常不方便。(P39)
语境巧练
完成句子
①I
am
sorry.I
am
afraid
it
is
not
convenient
for
(不太方便)
me
to
leave
the
phone
number
to
you.?
②For
convenience
(为了方便起见),the
German
translation
is
printed
below.?
③Can
you
phone
me
at
your
convenience
(在你方便的时候)
to
arrange
a
further
discussion??
④If
it
is
convenient
for
you
(如果你方便的话),let’s
meet
at
8:30
outside
the
school
gate.?
-50-
考点必记
(1)It
is/was
convenient
for
sb
to
do
sth某人做某事方便。
It
is/was
convenient
that...……方便。
(2)convenience
n.方便,便利;便利的用具/设施
at
one’s
convenience在某人方便的时候
for
convenience为了方便
用法点拨
convenient只能用物/事做主语或用it做形式主语,而不能用人做主语。
-51-
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Making
the
right
decision
concerning
(concern)
the
future
is
probably
the
most
important
thing
we
will
do
in
our
life.
2.As
a
parent,I
hated
seeing
my
daughter
playing
her
best,but
still
defeated
(defeat).
3.As
a
matter
of
fact,getting
rid
of
a
bad
habit
is
as
much
an
effort
as
forming
a
good
one.
4.Colour-blind
people
often
find
it
difficult
to
distinguish
(distinguish)
between
red
and
green.?
5.The
driver
declared
guilty
may
be
fined
a
maximum
of
HK
$25,000
and
be
sentenced
to
up
to
3
years
in
prison
and
punished
for
10
driving-offence
points,or
temporarily
banned
(ban)
from
driving.
-52-
6.As
is
known
to
all,the
term
“Lei
Feng”
stands
(stand)
for
anyone
who
is
selfless,or
anyone
who
is
ready
to
help
others
in
China.
7.Many
educators
often
say
that
providing
children
with
access
to
the
information
about
superhighway
is
of
great
importance.
8.The
beautiful
scenery,
combined
(combine)
with
lovely
weather
and
delicious
food,made
our
visit
to
Hawaii
pleasant
and
unforgettable.
9.Next,she
tied
several
chopsticks
together,
representing
(represent)
a
family.
10.That
is
why
exercise
has
been
shown
to
build
up
your
self-respect.
-53-
Ⅱ.短语填空
aside
from,take
control
of,as
a
whole,named
after,lead
to
1.And
they
created
a
new
style
for
Architecture
and
Interior
Design,
named
after
the
famous
French
Art
Institute:Beaux-Arts.?
2.The
bank
has
offered
a
reward
for
information,
leading
to
the
arrest
of
the
men.?
3.Anne
Williams
will
take
control
of
the
research
division
on
August
5th.?
4.Aside
from
being
fun
and
good
exercise,swimming
is
a
very
useful
skill.?
5.The
project
will
be
of
great
benefit
to
the
region
as
a
whole.?
-54-
Ⅲ.单句改错
1.This
dirt
road
leads
the
temple
on
the
mountain
top.
leads后加to
2.The
experiment
consisted
86
cancer
patients
and
83
healthy
people
last
year.
consisted后加of
3.The
American
flag
stand
for
freedom
and
justice.
stand→stands
4.Humans
different
from
other
mammals
in
their
ability
to
speak.
different→differ或者different前加are
5.Choose
what
to
eat
is
no
longer
as
easy
as
it
once
was.
Choose→Choosing
-55-
6.The
students
banned
from
bringing
cell
phones
to
school.
banned前加are
7.He’s
a
different
man
about
what
he
was
ten
years
ago.
about→from
-56-
Ⅳ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.良好的礼仪是由很多方面组成的。(make
up
of)
2.语言是最好的表达方式。(means)
3.不随意打断别人谈话是礼貌的。(interrupt)
4.词不达意可能会产生令人尴尬的情形。(embarrassment)
5.总体来说,我们应该主动问候他人,不能以貌取人。(as
a
whole,ought
to)
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
-57-
Good
manners
are
made
up
of
many
factors.However,language
is
the
best
means
of
expression.It
is
polite
not
to
interrupt
others
while
they
are
talking.Failing
to
express
our
meanings
may
cause
embarrassment.As
a
whole,we
ought
to
greet
others
actively
and
not
to
judge
people
by
appearance.限时规范练15
模块3
Unit
2
Language
A
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、语言学习的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
I
did
some
research
and
examined
how
British
English
and
American
English
changed
between
the
1930s
and
the
2000s.Take
spelling,for
example
—
towards
the
1960s
it
looked
like
the
UK
was
going
in
the
direction
of
not
using
the
“u”
in
“colour”
and
writing
“centre”
as
“center”.But
since
then,the
British
have
become
more
confident
in
some
of
their
own
spellings.In
the
2000s,the
UK
used
an
American
spelling
choice
about
11%
of
the
time
while
Americans
use
a
British
one
about
10%
of
the
time.There
is
also
no
need
to
worry
too
much
about
American
words,such
as
“vacation”,“liquor”
and
“lawmaker”
entering
British
English.There
are
a
few
examples
of
this
kind
of
vocabulary
change
but
they
are
mostly
uncommon
words
and
are
not
likely
to
change
British
English
too
much.The
British
are
still
using
“mum”
rather
than
“mom”
and
“petrol”
rather
than
“gas”.
But
when
we
start
thinking
of
language
more
in
terms
of
style
than
vocabulary
or
spelling,a
different
picture
appears.Some
of
the
bigger
trends
in
American
English
are
moving
towards
a
freer
use
of
language.American
sentences
are
on
average
one
word
shorter
in
2006
than
they
were
in
1931.
Americans
also
use
a
lot
more
apostrophes
(撇号)
in
their
writing
than
they
used
to,which
has
the
effect
of
turning
the
two
words
“do
not”
into
the
single
“don’t”.“The
hand
of
the
king”
becomes
the
shorter
“The
king’s
hand”.
However,in
all
these
ways
Brits
are
changing
too
—
and
in
the
same
way
as
Americans.They’re
just
about
30
years
behind
the
trend
that
Americans
seem
to
be
leading.
So
this
raises
a
question,is
British
English
actively
following
American
English
or
is
this
something
that
is
simply
a
natural
trend
in
language
use?
Perhaps
the
British
would
have
gone
in
that
direction
even
if
America
had
never
been
discovered?
I’d
like
to
agree
with
the
second
idea
but
because
of
the
fact
that
British
people
learn
plenty
of
American
language
through
different
ways,I
think
the
first
is
more
correct.
1.What
did
the
British
do
in
the
1960s?
A.They
used
some
American
spellings.
B.They
built
up
confidence
in
their
language.
C.They
did
research
on
language
differences.
D.They
went
in
the
direction
of
harder
spellings.
2.What
does
the
author
try
to
show
by
using
examples
like
“petrol”?
A.British
English
has
changed
a
lot.
B.Some
uncommon
words
are
used
less
often.
C.American
words
are
entering
British
English.
D.American
spelling
won’t
change
British
English
too
much.
3.Which
of
the
following
is
a
trend
of
American
English?
A.It
is
using
shorter
words.
B.It
is
turning
to
proper
grammar.
C.It
is
trying
to
make
sentences
simpler.
D.It
is
avoiding
using
apostrophes.
B
After
teaching
for
35
years
in
the
North
Shore
school
district,I
retired
and
agreed
to
teach
English
to
immigrants
at
the
Glen
Cove
Library
two
nights
a
week.It’s
been
a
joy!
I
started
with
three
students,got
as
many
as
10,but
now
have
settled
on
what
I
call
“the
fantastic
five”.They
range
in
age
from
23
to
65,one
man
and
four
women.They’ve
come
from
El
Salvador,Peru,Honduras,Colombia
and
the
Dominican
Republic.
With
one
exception,they
are
married,have
children,and
are
working.Their
responsibilities
leave
them
with
little
free
time,but
they
faithfully
come
to
class.The
students
always
make
me
smile.On
the
first
day,I
asked
what
surprising
things
they
had
discovered
about
America.Isabelle,from
Peru,thought
for
a
moment
and
then
said,“You
Americans
all
stop
at
red
lights!”
Blanca,a
student
from
Honduras,arrives
with
her
three
young
children.Actually,they
arrive
first,running
in,waving
to
me
as
they
dash
to
the
children’s
room
as
their
often-exhausted
mother
trudges
in
behind.Blanca’s
kids
are
adorable.I
keep
forgetting
their
names,so
I
call
them
Blanco,Blanki
and
Blankette.They
giggle
at
this
and
their
mom
smiles.
I’ve
been
asked
by
friends
whether
I
know
the
students’
immigration
stories.I
don’t
ask.I’m
here
to
help
them
learn
English.Their
lives
often
are
not
easy.Over
the
past
year,one
woman
got
divorced,and
another’s
husband
suffered
a
stroke.A
third’s
husband,a
truck
driver,was
in
a
horrific
accident
that
left
him
homebound
for
more
than
nine
months.But,these
students
rarely
miss
a
class.
4.What
can
we
know
about
the
students?
A.They
are
all
women
over
23.
B.They
have
children
and
jobs.
C.They
are
a
big
trouble
for
the
teacher.
D.They
are
busy
and
miss
classes
regularly.
5.What
can
we
learn
about
Blanca?
A.She
is
from
Peru
and
has
three
children.
B.She
doesn’t
like
the
names
the
author
gives.
C.She
is
respectable
to
educate
her
children
well.
D.She
is
surprised
at
Americans’
running
red
lights.
6.What
does
the
underlined
word
“trudges”
probably
mean?
A.Walk
heavily.
B.Run
quickly.
C.Wave
unwillingly.
D.Dash
slowly.
7.How
does
the
author
feel
about
the
teaching
job?
A.Tired.
B.Helpless.
C.Delighted.
D.Regretful.
二、七选五
Whycampisgreatforchildren
If
you’ve
been
to
camp,you’re
not
surprised
to
hear
about
the
advantages
of
summer
camp.Here
is
a
list
of
the
most
important
reasons
to
send
your
kids
to
camp.
At
camp,children:
Maketruefriends—
Camp
is
the
place
where
kids
make
their
very
best
friends.Free
from
the
social
expectations
pressuring
them
at
school,camp
encourages
kids
to
relax
and
make
friends
easily. 1 Every
day,friendships
are
created.?
Learnsocialskills—
Coming
to
camp
means
joining
a
community
where
everyone
must
agree
to
work
together
and
respect
each
other.When
they
live
in
a
small
room
with
others,kids
solve
problems,and
see
the
importance
of
open
communication. 2 ?
Growmoreindependent— 3 Managing
their
daily
choices
in
the
safe,caring
environment
of
camp,children
welcome
this
as
a
chance
to
grow
in
new
directions.Camp
helps
kids
develop
who
they
are.?
Experiencesuccessandbecomemoreconfident—
Camp
helps
children
build
self-confidence.With
its
non-competitive
activities
and
different
chances
to
succeed,camp
life
really
improves
young
people. 4 Camp
teaches
kids
that
they
can.?
Spendtheirdaybeingphysicallyactive—As
children
spend
so
much
time
these
days
inside
and
mostly
sitting
down,camp
provides
a
wonderful
chance
to
move. 5 Camp
is
action!?
A.Camp
builds
teamwork.
B.There’s
achievement
every
day.
C.Running,swimming,jumping,climbing!
D.All
the
fun
at
camp
draws
everyone
together.
E.It
is
easy
for
kids
to
develop
what
they
like
to
do.
F.Camp
is
the
perfect
place
for
kids
to
practice
making
decisions
for
themselves.
G.When
kids
take
a
break
from
the
Internet,they
rediscover
their
creative
powers.
三、语法填空
1.
(cover)
one
third
of
the
Earth’s
surface,grasslands
sometimes
2.
(know)
by
many
names,such
as
savannah
or
plains.?
The
health
of
grasslands
depends
3.
how
much
animals
feed
on
native
plants.If
too
many
animals
feed
on
the
plants,the
area
could
become
a
desert.But
too
little
feeding
can
also
be
bad
for
grasslands.?
The
Great
Plains,4.
are
famous
for
supporting
large
cattle
ranches
(畜牧场),cover
a
large
area
in
the
middle
of
the
United
States.5.
(make)
their
businesses
more
successful
by
feeding
more
cattle
and
sheep
without
destroying
the
environment
of
grasslands,a
growing
number
of
local
ranchers
are
joining
with
6.
(environment)
groups
willingly
nowadays.7.
(compare)
with
the
ranchers,these
groups
pay
more
attention
to
the
8.
(protect)
of
the
health
of
grasslands.And
one
of
their
9.
(goal)
is
to
protect
native
plants
and
animals.After
years
of
effort,they
have
increased
the
income
for
local
ranches,and
at
10.
same
time,they
have
protected
the
Great
Plains.?
限时规范练15(模块三 Unit2A)
一、【篇章导读】本文是议论文。文章讨论英式英语与美式英语的变化及其变化原因。
1.A 细节理解题。由第一段中的“Takespelling,forexample—towardsthe1960sitlookedliketheUKwasgoinginthedirectionofnotusingthe‘u’in‘colour’andwriting‘centre’as‘center’”可知,20世纪60年代的时候英国人开始使用一些美式拼写。
2.D 推理判断题。作者引用petrol的例子是为了证明前一句话中的说法“theyaremostlyuncommonwordsandarenotlikelytochangeBritishEnglishtoomuch”。
3.C 推理判断题。由第二段末的“Americansentencesareonaverageonewordshorterin2006thantheywerein1931.”及第三段中的例子可知,美式英语的句子更加简单化。
【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。作者教书35年后退休了,但是退休后继续给移民们上英语课,这些来自各个国家的移民成人学生们给作者留下了深刻的印象。他们虽然生活艰辛忙碌,但他们很少缺课,而且上课认真,心地质朴。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句可知,学生中有一个男的,故A项错误;根据第三段中的第三句可知,学生们总是让老师很开心,所以C项错误;根据最后一句可知,他们很少旷课,故D项错误;根据第三段中的首句可知,他们都结婚了,有了孩子,在上班。故选B项。
5.C 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,Blanca的孩子们主动向作者挥手打招呼并且作者认为他们是值得被尊重的、可爱的。故可推知,Blanca对孩子们的教育很好。
6.A 词义推测题。根据前面的often-exhaustedmother可知,后面的妈妈因为每天工作而经常筋疲力尽地回家,应该是吃力地走在孩子们的后面。故选A项。
7.C 推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是首段中的最后一句“It’sbeenajoy!”可知,作者认为这份工作给他带来快乐,还是喜欢这份工作的。故选C项。
二、【篇章导读】本文是议论文。文章论述了参加夏令营活动给孩子们带来的好处。
1.D 根据该段的主题Maketruefriends及下文中的“Everyday,friendshipsarecreated.”可知,夏令营中有趣的活动让大家聚到一起并建立起真挚的友谊。
2.A 根据上文中的“Learnsocialskills”及“Comingtocampmeansjoiningacommunitywhereeveryonemustagreetoworktogetherandrespecteachother.”可知,夏令营可以帮助孩子们建立团队精神。
3.F F项中的内容与该段主题“Growmoreindependent”相照应,故选F项。
4.B B项中的achievement与该段的主题Experiencesuccess相照应,故选B项。
5.C 根据下文中的“Campisaction!”可知,夏令营包括很多体育活动。
三、1.Covering 考查动词-ing形式做状语的用法。grasslands与cover之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,且cover所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生,故填Covering。
2.areknown 考查一般现在时的被动语态。由语境可知,设空处是对一般情况的描述,应用一般现在时,又因为grasslands与know之间是被动关系,故填areknown。
3.on/upon 考查介词。dependon/upon意为“取决于”。
4.which 考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,补充说明TheGreatPlains,且在从句中做主语,故填which。
5.Tomake 考查不定式做状语的用法。由语境可知,当地牧场与环保小组合作是为了使他们的生意更成功,故填Tomake。
6.environmental 考查形容词做定语的用法。设空处做定语修饰groups,表示“有关环境的”,故填environmental。
7.Compared 考查过去分词做状语的用法。compare与thesegroups之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且compare所表示的动作已完成,故填Compared。
8.protection 考查名词。由设空处前面的the可知,应填名词,故填protection。
9.goals 考查名词复数。“oneof+their+可数名词复数形式”表示“他们的……之一”。
10.the 考查定冠词。atthesametime意为“同时”。
1限时规范练16
模块3
Unit
2
Language
B
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、了解文化差异的能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
There
are
big
cultural
differences
between
the
US
and
the
UK,despite
having
many
similarities.People
talk
differently,and
not
just
in
the
accent
or
the
words,but
the
general
meaning.
Americans
are
very
friendly.They
will
talk
to
strangers
in
a
store,laugh
with
someone
at
a
bar,and
help
their
neighbours
as
necessary.Many
expats
(移居海外者)
have
reported
difficulty
in
making
really
close
friends
like
they
had
in
the
UK.The
friendliness
is
only
on
the
surface.
Many
Americans
are
very
family-centered.Family
life
includes
endless
school
musicals,after-class
sports,birthday
parties
and
the
like.Many
new
expats
report
exhaustion
trying
to
keep
up
with
all
the
things
to
do
with
the
kids
when
they
come
to
the
US.
Most
Americans
have
never
been
abroad.The
United
States
is
a
huge
country.Go
and
look
at
a
map
of
the
US
to
get
an
idea.Many
Americans
feel
they
simply
haven’t
seen
enough
of
their
own
country
to
consider
travelling
abroad
to
see
another
country.In
addition,many
people
just
don’t
get
enough
holiday
time
to
make
it
worthwhile
travelling
abroad,with
holiday
or
“vacation”
time
often
being
as
low
as
7-10
days
a
year,and
sometimes
that
includes
sick
days.
Most
Americans
are
proud
of
Scottish
or
Irish
or
German
or
Italian
ancestry,even
if
it
has
been
centuries
since
anyone
in
their
family
lived
abroad.Many
Americans
like
to
remember
this
not
because
they
like
the
old
country
but
because
they
like
to
show
that
their
family
came
from
immigrants
(移民)
who
dreamed
of
a
better
life
in
America.By
pointing
out
that
fact,many
feel
they
are
meeting
their
ancestors’
wishes
and
dreams.
Making
friends
can
be
daunting.While
for
some
in
their
20s,they
can
reach
out
to
those
who
are
also
just
starting
out
and
form
some
lifelong
friendships;for
some
who
are
older,in
their
30s
and
40s,with
kids
and
a
family,meeting
others
can
be
difficult.
1.What
do
expats
think
of
Americans?
A.They
are
ready
to
help
others.
B.They
seem
to
be
friendly
to
others.
C.They
are
fond
of
working
with
foreigners.
D.They
easily
make
close
friends
with
others.
2.Why
do
most
Americans
seldom
travel
abroad?
A.They
have
short
holiday
time.
B.They
are
short
of
money
for
trips.
C.They
think
it
worthless
to
travel
abroad.
D.They
like
their
own
country’s
scenery
better.
3.Why
are
most
Americans
proud
of
their
British
ancestry?
A.They
love
the
old
country.
B.They
appreciate
British
culture.
C.They
think
their
ancestors
had
made
history.
D.They
think
they’re
realizing
their
ancestors’
dreams.
B
Whenever
I
talk
about
personality
in
relation
to
choosing
a
career,some
people
complain
like
this:Those
tests
are
so
stupid.When
I
was
in
sixth
grade,I
took
one
of
them
and
it
said
that
I
should
be
a
farmer.While
I
don’t
think
I
would
be
a
very
good
farmer,the
results
are
probably
a
lot
more
accurate
than
I’d
like
to
admit.At
the
time,it
seemed
unreasonable—I
hated
the
outdoors
and
physical
activities.Now,I
think
it
might
have
had
some
points
that
fit
my
personality:I
like
planning
(good
for
planning
how
to
grow
crops),working
by
myself
(for
those
long
days
on
an
agricultural
machine),and
sometimes
working
on
a
team
(for
harvest
time).
Watch
out
for
any
personality
test
that
claims
to
be
able
to
tell
you
what
your
dream
job
is
by
the
type
of
animal
you’d
like
to
be,or
from
your
favorite
breakfast
food
as
a
child.While
there
are
many
personality
assessments
that
are
accurate,I’d
like
to
say
that
they
are
a
second
step.The
best
choice
is
self-assessment.
Before
finding
ways
to
know
your
work
preferences,it’s
important
to
make
a
clear
difference
between
liking
a
topic
and
liking
the
work.I
once
met
a
third-year
marine
(海洋的)
biology
student
at
a
large
state
school
in
Ohio.He
was
placed
into
the
Whale
Watch
program,where
he
found
out
that
he
became
violently
seasick
on
any
kind
of
boat—a
big
disadvantage
for
a
student
who
thought
he
wanted
to
study
whales
in
the
wild.
The
best
match
is
a
career
in
which
the
major
tasks
of
the
work
are
the
tasks
you
most
enjoy
doing
and
the
topic
is
one
of
interests.If
that
career
doesn’t
exist,my
advice
would
be
to
take
the
job
where
there
is
a
skill
match.In
this
way,you
will
succeed
at
the
basic
tasks
of
your
job
and
perhaps
become
interested
in
it.
4.What
is
some
people’s
opinion
on
choosing
a
career
through
personality
tests?
A.It’s
possible
to
lead
to
career
failure.
B.It’s
helpful
only
in
a
limited
way.
C.It’s
unreasonable.
D.It’s
worth
a
try.
5.What
does
the
author
think
of
the
personality
test
she
took
when
she
was
young?
A.She
admits
it
forecasts
her
present
job
accurately.
B.She
thinks
it
shows
some
part
of
her
personality.
C.She
finds
it
helpless
for
her.
D.She
has
little
interest
in
it.
6.What
is
the
best
way
to
know
your
dream
job?
A.Taking
personality
tests
on
your
favorite
things.
B.Doing
accurate
personality
assessments.
C.Trying
your
dream
job
in
practice.
D.Finding
it
out
by
yourself.
7.Why
was
the
marine
biology
student
unsuitable
for
his
job?
A.He
disliked
the
job.
B.He
felt
sick
travelling
on
a
boat.
C.He
was
afraid
of
marine
animals.
D.He
knew
little
about
his
preferences.
二、完形填空
Chess
is
called
the
game
of
kings.It
has
been
1 for
a
long
time.People
have
been
playing
it
for
over
500
years.The
chess
we
play
today
is
from
Europe.?
Chess
is
a
two-player
game.One
2 uses
the
white
pieces.The
other
uses
the
black
pieces.Each
piece
3 in
a
special
way.One
piece
is
called
the
king.Each
player
has
one.The
players
take
turns
moving
their
4 .If
a
player
lands
on
a
piece,he
or
she
takes
it.A
player
5 when
his
or
her
king
cannot
move
without
being
taken.There
are
a
few
more
rules, 6 those
are
the
basics.?
Some
people
think
that
chess
is
more
than
a 7 .They
think
that
it
makes
the
mind
stronger.Good
chess
players
use
their
8 .They
take
their
time.They
think
about
what
will
9 next.These
skills
are
10 in
life
and
in
chess.Chess
is
kind
of
like
a(n)
11 for
the
mind.?
You
don’t
always
have
lots
of 12 to
think
when
playing
chess.There
is
a
type
of
chess
with
short
time
limits.It’s
called
speed
chess.Each
player
gets
ten
minutes
to
13 for
the
whole
game.Your
clock
runs
during
your
14 .You
hit
the
time
clock
after
your
move.This
stops
your
clock.It
also
15 the
other
player’s
clock. 16 you
run
out
of
time,you
lose.?
Chess
is
not
just
for 17 .Computers
have
been
playing
chess
since
the
1970s.At
first
they
did
not
play
18 .They
made
mistakes.As
time
went
on
they
grew
19 .In
1997,a
computer
beat
the
best
player
in
the
world
for
the
first
time.It
was
a
computer
called
Deep
Blue.Deep
Blue
was
20 .It
took
up
a
whole
room.?
1.A.around
B.away
C.back
D.here
2.A.student
B.player
C.winner
D.trainer
3.A.changes
B.drops
C.breaks
D.moves
4.A.balls
B.pieces
C.kings
D.seats
5.A.loses
B.finds
C.chooses
D.passes
6.A.or
B.because
C.but
D.so
7.A.game
B.competition
C.test
D.skill
8.A.brains
B.advantages
C.power
D.belief
9.A.offer
B.come
C.appear
D.happen
10.A.new
B.unusual
C.helpful
D.interesting
11.A.adventure
B.exercise
C.task
D.trouble
12.A.things
B.ways
C.time
D.courage
13.A.use
B.wait
C.discuss
D.rest
14.A.search
B.turn
C.stay
D.visit
15.A.checks
B.stops
C.starts
D.quiets
16.A.Before
B.Unless
C.Though
D.If
17.A.computers
B.matches
C.people
D.schools
18.A.fast
B.well
C.alone
D.often
19.A.weaker
B.larger
C.slower
D.stronger
20.A.old
B.expensive
C.cute
D.big
三、短文改错
The
other
day,Tom
was
riding
along
the
street
when
a
car
ran
fastly
towards
him.He
turned
left
quickly
and
it
was
too
late.The
car
hit
himself
and
he
fell
off
his
bike.The
driver
of
the
car
was
so
frightening
that
he
ran
away
as
fast
he
could.Soon
the
driver
is
out
of
sight,leaving
Tom
helpless
on
the
spot.Fortunate,a
woman
happened
to
seeing
it
and
remembered
the
number
of
the
car.She
called
a
policeman
and
told
him
when
had
happened.At
the
last,the
driver
was
caught
and
punished
for
his
wrong
doing.
限时规范练16(模块三 Unit2B)
一、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章通过移居美国的英国人的视角展示了英美文化之间的差异。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefriendlinessisonlyonthesurface.”可知,侨民认为美国人对待他人只是表面上友好。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“manypeoplejustdon’tgetenoughholidaytimetomakeitworthwhiletravellingabroad”可知,美国人通常没有足够的假期出国旅行。
3.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Bypointingoutthatfact,manyfeeltheyaremeetingtheirancestors’wishesanddreams.”可知答案。
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了个性测试与职业选择的关系并告诉人们应如何选择合适的职业。
4.C 推理判断题。根据首段中的“somepeoplecomplainlikethis:Thosetestsaresostupid”可知,有些人并不认为个性测试能帮助他们选择职业。
5.B 细节理解题。根据首段中的“theresultsareprobablyalotmoreaccuratethanI’dliketoadmit”以及“Ithinkitmighthavehadsomepointsthatfitmypersonality”可知,作者认为该测试结果在某方面与她的性格相符。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thebestchoiceisself-assessment”可知,作者认为最好的方式是自我评估。
7.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“hebecameviolentlyseasickonanykindofboat”可知,这名学生晕船严重,因而不适合这项工作。
二、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了国际象棋的规则、类型及发展。
1.A 根据下文中的“Peoplehavebeenplayingitforover500years.”可知,国际象棋的存在已经有很长一段时间了。故填around,bearound意为“在某一领域或行业中活跃而突出”。
2.B 根据文中的“Chessisatwo-playergame...Theotherusestheblackpieces.”可知,国际象棋是两人对局的,一名“玩家(player)”使用白棋,另一名玩家使用黑棋。
3.D 下文中的“Theplayerstaketurnsmoving”是提示,每个棋子都有特别的“移动(moves)”方式。
4.B 根据语境及上文中的“One...Theotherusestheblackpieces”可知,玩家们轮流移动他们的“棋子(pieces)”。
5.A 根据下文中的“cannotmovewithoutbeingtaken”可知,当一名玩家的王被对方将死,则判定这名玩家“输掉(loses)”了比赛。
6.C 上文中的“Thereareafewmorerules”与下文中的“thosearethebasics”形成转折关系,故用but。
7.A 根据语境及下文中的“Theythinkthatitmakesthemindstronger.”可知,有些人认为国际象棋不只是一个“游戏(game)”,它还可以让你的大脑变得更强大。
8.A 根据语境及文中的“Theytaketheirtime.Theythinkaboutwhatwill...next.”可知,优秀的国际象棋选手会动“脑(brains)”。
9.D 他们从容不迫并会考虑好接下来会“发生(happen)”的事。
10.C 这些技巧在生活中和国际象棋中都很“有用(helpful)”。
11.B 根据上文中的“Theythinkthatitmakesthemindstronger.”可知,国际象棋是一种“锻炼(exercise)”思维的活动。
12.C 根据下文中的“Thereisatypeofchesswithshorttimelimits.”可知,有一种国际象棋让你在玩的时候没有太多的“时间(time)”思考。
13.A 根据文中的“It’scalledspeedchess...forthewholegame”可知,国际象棋中有一种叫“快棋”,在每一场比赛中每一方只能“消耗(use)”十分钟的时间。
14.B 根据文中的“Yourclockrunsduringyour...theotherplayer’sclock”可知,“轮到(turn)”你的时候你的棋钟就开始计时。
15.C 在你走完一步棋后,你按棋钟就会停止计时,这时对方的棋钟就会“开始(starts)”计时。
16.D 根据下文中的“yourunoutoftime,youlose”可知,“如果(If)”你的时间用完了,你就输了。
17.C 根据下文中的“Computershavebeenplayingchesssincethe1970s.”可知,不只是“人类(people)”可以下国际象棋,电脑也可以。
18.B 根据文中的“Atfirsttheydidnotplay...Theymademistakes”可知,一开始电脑下得并不“好(well)”,它们总出错。
19.D 根据下文中的“In1997,acomputerbeatthebestplayerintheworldforthefirsttime.”可知,随着时间的推移,电脑“更擅长(stronger)”下国际象棋了。
20.D 根据下文中的“Ittookupawholeroom.”可知,这个叫“深蓝”的电脑体积很“大(big)”。
三、第一句:fastly→fast
第二句:and→but
/
yet
第三句:himself→him
第四句:frightening→frightened;fast后加as
第五句:is→was
第六句:Fortunate→Fortunately;seeing→see
第七句:when→what
第八句:去掉第一个the
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