(共27张PPT)
Unit
3 Back
to
the
past
(主题语境:人与社会——科学与技术)
-2-
在记忆中求准确
在语境中求熟练 Practice
makes
perfect.
必背表达单词——写作信手拈来
1.lecture
n.讲座
2.found
vt.兴建,创建
3.pour
vi.涌流,倾泻
vt.倒出(液体)
4.unfortunate
adj.不幸的,遗憾的
5.decorate
vt.装饰,装潢
6.researcher
n.研究者,调查者
7.disaster
n.灾难
8.destroy
vt.毁坏,摧毁
9.wealthy
adj.富有的,富裕的
10.gradually
adv.渐渐地,逐渐地
11.scholar
n.学者
12.cultural
adj.文化的
-3-
13.ruin
n.废墟;毁坏
vt.破坏,毁灭
14.beneath
prep.在……之下
15.material
n.材料;物质
adj.物质的
16.explode
vi.爆炸
17.nearby
adv.&adj.
在附近(的)
18.extreme
adj.极度的;极端的
19.bone
n.骨骼,骨头
20.wooden
adj.木制的
21.expression
n.表达;表情,神色
22.audience
n.观众,听众
23.powerful
adj.强有力的
24.sailor
n.水手,海员
25.fortunate
adj.幸运的
-4-
26.aircraft
n.飞机
27.declare
vt.宣布,宣称
28.memorial
n.纪念碑,纪念馆
adj.纪念的
29.educate
vt.教育
30.march
vi.&
n.前进,进发;游行
31.glory
n.辉煌;荣耀,光荣
32.ahead
adv.(时间、空间)在前面;
提前,预先;领先
33.salary
n.薪金,薪水
34.aware
adj.意识到的,知道的;察觉到的
35.judge
n.法官,审判员;裁判员
36.poison
n.毒药,毒物
vt.毒害,下毒
-5-
识记阅读单词——读文理解通畅
1.BC
abbr.(before
Christ的缩写)
公元前
2.civilization
n.文明
3.volcano
n.火山
4.AD
abbr.(Anno
Domini的缩写)
公元
5.erupt
vi.(火山等)爆发
6.ash
n.灰,灰烬
7.mud
n.泥浆,烂泥
8.flee
vt.&vi.(fled,fled)
逃避,逃跑;迅速离开
9.true-to-life
adj.逼真的
10.commercial
adj.商业的,贸易的
11.sandstorm
n.沙尘暴,风沙
-6-
12.institute
n.(教育或其他专业)机构,研究所
13.remains
n.遗物,遗迹,遗骸
14.pot
n.罐,壶
15.document
n.文献,文件
16.leather
n.皮革
17.cave
n.洞穴
18.ceremony
n.仪式,典礼
19.republic
n.共和国;共和政体
20.chairman
n.主席
21.harbor
n.港口
22.navy
n.海军,海军部队
23.airfield
n.(军用)机场
24.bomb
vt.轰炸
n.炸弹
25.carrier
n.航空母舰,运输设备;运输公司
-7-
26.statue
n.雕塑,雕像
27.troop
n.士兵;军队,部队
28.vast
adj.辽阔的;巨大的;大量的
29.basis
n.基础;基准;原因
30.court
n.法院,法庭;球场;宫廷
31.god
n.神,神灵
32.corrupt
vt.使腐化,使堕落
adj.贪污的,腐败的
33.trial
n. 审讯,审理;试验;考验
-8-
『构织连脉词族』
1.civilize
vt.使文明→civilization
n.文明
2.found
vt.兴建,创建→foundation
n.根基,基础;建立,创办
3.decorate
vt.装饰,装潢→decoration
n.装饰,装饰品
4.destroy
vt.毁坏,摧毁→destruction
n.破坏,摧毁
5.wealth
n.财富→wealthy
adj.富有的,富裕的
6.gradual
adj.逐渐的→gradually
adv.渐渐地,逐渐地
7.scholar
n.学者→scholarship
n.奖学金
8.institute
n.(教育或其他专业)机构,研究所
→institution
n.慈善机构;习俗
9.explode
vi.爆炸→explosion
n.爆炸
10.extreme
adj.极度的;极端的→extremely
adv.极度地,极端地
-9-
11.wood
n.木头→wooden
adj.木制的
12.express
vt.表达→expression
n.表达;表情,神色
13.power
n.权力;动力→powerful
adj.强有力的
14.declare
vt.宣布,宣称→declaration
n.宣布
15.memory
n.记忆力→memorize
vt.记忆
→memorial
n.纪念碑,纪念馆 adj.纪念的
16.aware
adj.意识到的,知道的;察觉到的→awareness
n.意识
17.basis
n.基础;基准;原因→base
vt.以……为基础
18.try
vt.试验,尝试→trial
n.审讯,审理;试验;考验
19.judge
n.法官,审判员;裁判员→judgement
n.判决,裁判
20.poison
n.毒药;毒物
vt.毒害,下毒→poisonous
adj.有毒的
-10-
『语用规律归纳』
1.“-rupt”团队
interrupt “打搅”是在中间(inter)破
erupt 火山“爆发”向外(e)破
corrupt “腐败”是共同(co)破
bankrupt 银行(bank)打破是“破产”
abrupt “唐突”把气氛打破
-11-
2.后缀“-ial”形容词荟萃
official官方的
facial面部的
racial人种的;种族的
special特别的
social社会的
initial最初的
beneficial有益的
commercial商业的
industrial工业的;产业的
potential可能的;潜在的
artificial人造的;假的
-12-
3.合成名词一览
passer-by过路人;行人
steamboat汽船
armchair扶手椅
teamwork协作
airfield(军用)机场
sandstorm沙尘暴
4.由decorate想到的
furnish
v.布置家具
equip
v.装备
fix
v.安装;固定
fit
v.安装;使合适
-13-
5.与“灾难”有关的名词集锦
earthquake地震
catastrophe大灾难
flood洪灾
survivor幸存者
victim受难者
-14-
6.“说”法不一
speak说;演讲;发言
chat聊天
whisper小声说;耳语
murmur低语;小声说
inform通知;告诉
announce宣告;述说
claim声称;要求
gossip闲聊;传播流言蜚语
-15-
7.与“急救”有关的高频词汇集锦
first
aid急救
injury
n.损伤;伤害
bleed
vi.&
vt.流血
treat
vt.治疗
cure
vt.治愈
choke
vi.&.vt.(使)噎住;(使)窒息
poison
n.毒药;毒物
vt.毒害,下毒
apply
vt.涂;敷
-16-
『语境活用』
1.Chinese
girls
used
to
be
shy,
but
they
are
gradually
(逐渐)getting
active
in
group
work
and
are
more
willing
to
express
themselves.
2.Cultural
difference
between
the
East
and
the
West
is
obvious.Of
course,with
the
world
being
smaller
and
smaller,the
world’s
culture
is
getting
closer
and
closer
now.(culture)
3.It
was
fortunate
that
the
water
was
shallow,and
all
soldiers
swam
across
the
river
fortunately.(fortune)
4.There,a
big
memorial
has
been
built
in
memory
of
him,who
devoted
himself
to
the
poor.(memory)
5.Every
child
in
China
is
educated
at
the
public’s
pay
in
the
stage
of
nine
years
of
compulsory
education.(educate)
-17-
从表面理解到深层延伸
从拓展中抓其规律 Observation
is
the
best
teacher.
1.take
over
夺取;接管
2.turn
out
结果是
3.in
memory
of
纪念
4.no
doubt
无疑,确实
5.be
buried
alive
被活埋
6.rise
up
against
起义,反抗
7.in
good
condition
状况良好
8.be
decorated
with
用……装饰
9.in
many
cases
在很多情况下
10.approach
the
truth
探求真理
-18-
11.stand
in
one’s
path
阻碍(某人)
12.have
enough
of
受够了……,对……感到厌烦
13.set
sail
for
启航去某地
14.make
sb
aware
of
sth
使某人明白某事
15.by
the
age
of
到……年龄/岁数时为止
16.take
sb
to
court
把某人送上法庭
17.come
down(with)
患(病)
18.for
centuries
to
come
在此后的几个世纪
19.on
board
在船上(飞机上或火车上)
20.attend
a
lecture
听报告/讲座
-19-
『语用规律归纳』
“in+名词+of”短语全接触
in
search
of寻找
in
honour
of为纪念……
in
favour
of赞成;支持
in
view
of鉴于;由于
in
terms
of谈及;就……而言;在……方面
in
case
of以防万一
in
charge
of管理
-20-
『语境活用』
1.Technology
is
here
to
help
us,but
we
should
not
allow
it
to
take
over
our
lives.
2.The
apartment
was
decorated
with
streamers(彩带)and
party
lights.
3.Peter
died
in
1984,and
a
ten-foot
wooden
squirrel
sculpture
was
placed
near
the
bridge
in
memory
of
its
builder.
4.The
pagoda
was
in
good
condition,considering
how
old
it
was.
5.There
is
no
doubt
that
this
candidate’s
advantage
lies
in
his
ability
to
communicate
with
foreigners
in
English.
6.Her
friend
being
badly
hurt
made
Kerry
aware
of
her
habit
of
finding
faults.
-21-
从教材中探求高考脉动
从仿写中熟练运用 Nothing
is
impossible
for
a
willing
heart.
『领悟教材语境』
1.We
are
in
Italy
now,and
tomorrow
we
are
visiting
Pompeii.
(Page
42)
[考点提炼]“be+doing”进行时表示将来
2.Many
people
were
buried
alive,and
so
was
the
city.
(Page
42)
[考点提炼]形容词做状语;so引起的倒装句
3.Today
I
saw
the
ancient
Roman
city
of
Pompeii
as
it
was
2,000
years
ago.
(Page
42)
[考点提炼]as引导方式状语从句
-22-
4.When
I
walked
around
the
city,I
saw
streets
just
as
they
had
been,with
stepping
stones
along
the
road
so
you
did
not
have
to
step
in
the
mud
on
rainy
days!
(Page
42)
[考点提炼]with+宾语+宾语补足语
5.It
turns
out
that
after
the
ash
covered
the
people
who
failed
to
flee
the
city,their
bodies
nearly
completely
broke
down
and
disappeared,leaving
empty
spaces
in
the
ash.
(Page
43)
[考点提炼]It
turns
out
that...句型
-23-
『高考写作情景』
1.快!客人随时就要来了!
Hurry
up!The
guests
are
arriving
at
any
minute!
2.本周末如果你想去野炊,我也去。
If
you
feel
like
going
for
a
picnic
this
weekend,so
will
I.
3.就像我在电话里对你说的一样,我会信守承诺的。
I
will
keep
my
promise,as
I
told
you
on
the
phone.
4.这个孩子只穿了一件衬衫,冻得直发抖。
With
only
a
shirt
on,the
child
was
trembling
with
cold.
5.结果这是我最后一次坐在他身边,听他说话。
It
turned
out
that
this
was
the
last
chance
for
me
to
sit
by
him
listening
to
him.
-24-
旧材新用
探究根源 Kill
two
birds
with
one
stone.
『主题与语篇填空』
I
saw
Pompeii,which
1.was
founded
(found)in
the
8th
century
BC,as
it
was
2,000
years
ago.On
24
August
AD
79,the
volcano
erupted
and
many
people
were
buried
alive,and
2.so
was
the
city.How
unfortunate!I
saw
streets
just
as
they
had
been,with
stepping
stones
along
the
road
so
you
did
not
have
to
step
in
the
mud
on
3.rainy
(rain)
days!I
saw
several
houses
which
were
decorated
with
wall
4.paintings
(paint).I
also
saw
the
people
who
had
been
buried
alive.It
turns
out
that
after
the
ash
covered
the
people
who
failed
5.to
flee
(flee)the
city,
their
bodies
nearly
completely
broke
down
and
disappeared,6.leaving
(leave)empty
spaces
in
the
ash.
-25-
Later,we
arrived
in
Loulan,a
busy
and
wealthy
city
about
2,000
years
ago.It
is
believed
to
have
been
7.gradually(gradual)covered
over
by
sandstorms
from
AD
200
to
AD
400.We
saw
the
city
walls,
palaces,temples,workshops
and
towers,and
even
8.an
ancient
water
system.The
desert
was
once
a
green
land
with
huge
trees,but
they
were
cut
down
and
that
resulted
9.in
the
city
being
buried
by
sand—10.what
a
pity!
-26-
『主题与短文改错』
Researchers
announced
discovery
of
a
small
statue
in
northern
Xinjiang,China.When
asking
how
a
statue
from
distant
Greece
could
have
appeared
in
China,researchers
explained
that
no
any
doubt
this
was
a
result
of
Alexander
the
Great’s
influence.At
the
age
of
twenty,
Alexander
himself
become
king
after
his
father
died.However,many
city
rose
up
against
him.But
he
led
an
army
to
take
them
back,defeated
every
army.At
the
age
of
thirty,he
had
already
occupied
more
land
than
anyone
before.Yet,he
died
in
323
BC
until
he
came
down
with
a
fever.The
statue
of
the
Greek
soldier
probable
came
to
China
as
a
result
of
trade.It
can
now
be
seen
in
a
museum
in
Urumqi.
-27-(共46张PPT)
Unit
3 Back
to
the
past
(主题语境:人与社会——科学与技术)
-2-
1.进行时表示将来
[教材原句]We
are
in
Italy
now,and
tomorrow
we
are
visiting
Pompeii.现在我们在意大利,明天我们将游览庞贝。(P42)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Put
on
your
coat!I
am
taking
(take)
you
down
to
the
doctor.?
②I
was
about
to
go
(go)
swimming
when
my
guide
shouted
at
me
and
told
me
not
to
do
so.?
③A
poet
and
artist
is
coming
(come)
to
speak
to
us
about
Chinese
literature
and
painting
tomorrow
afternoon.?
④When
you
are
passing
(pass)
my
way,please
drop
in.?
⑤I
want
to
know
when
he
is
leaving
(leave)
for
New
York
tomorrow.?
-3-
考点必记
用进行时表示将来的用法
句中谓语动词are
visiting是用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。可以这样使用的动词包括arrive,come,do,go,have,leave,meet,move,play,return,sleep,start,begin,stay,take,work等。
除will,be
going
to外,下列结构也可用来表示将要发生的动作:
(1)be
to
do表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作,也表示可能性。
(2)be
about
to
do表示“马上/即将要做……”。
-4-
2.found
vt.兴建,创建
[教材原句]The
city
was
founded
in
the
8th
century
BC.该城是公元前8世纪建成的。(P42)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Although
she
founded
(found)
her
company
early
on
in
life,she
wasn’t
driven
primarily
by
profit.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解)
②To
lift
a
big
structure
like
the
Tremont
Hotel,Pullman
would
place
thousands
of
jackscrews
beneath
the
building
foundation
(found).
③According
to
the
old
legend,Romulus
was
the
founder
(found)of
Rome.
④Careful
planning
laid
the
foundations
of
the
nation’s
economic
miracle.
-5-
考点必记
(1)found
a
city/club/company建起城市/创办俱乐部/公司
found
sth
on把……基于,把……建立在
(2)founder
n.奠基人
foundation
n.地基,基础,基金(会)
lay
the
foundations
of打下(……的)基础
without
foundation无事实依据
shake/rock
the
foundations
of从根本上动摇
名师点津
作“把……建立在……”“使……有根据”“以……为基础或根据”解时,found常与on/upon搭配,用被动结构。
-6-
3.take
over夺取;接管
[教材原句]In
89
BC,the
Romans
took
over
Pompeii.公元前89年,罗马人占领了庞贝。(P42)
语境巧练
完成句子
①Unfortunately,full-sun
production
is
taking
over
the
industry
(正在接管这一产业).?
②It
was
not
until
several
weeks
later
that
I
realized
I
was
taken
in
by
my
best
friend
(被我最好的朋友骗了).?
③When
the
delayed
flight
will
take
off
(起飞)
depends
much
on
the
weather.?
④After
he
retired
from
office,Rogers
took
up
painting
(从事绘画)
for
a
while,but
soon
lost
interest.?
-7-
⑤She
took
on
greater
responsibilities
(承担了更大的责任)
when
she
was
promoted.?
⑥Before
Mr
Green
retired,he
handed
over
the
business
to
his
son
(把生意交给了他的儿子).?
⑦I
have
thought
over
the
question
(反复思考这个问题)
quite
carefully
since
he
came
here.?
⑧
Say
it
over
and
over
(多说几次)
again
until
you
remember
it.?
⑨I
think
the
problem
can
be
got
over
(被克服)
without
too
much
difficulty.?
⑩I
knocked
over
(打翻)
the
bucket
and
the
water
poured
all
over
the
floor.?
-8-
考点必记
(1)come
over过来,顺便拜访
get
over克服;(从病中)恢复过来
go
over复习,仔细地再读一遍
hand
over交出,移交,让与
knock
over撞倒,撞翻
over
and
over再三,一遍又一遍
think
over仔细考虑
turn
over翻车;翻阅;翻身
gain/have
an
advantage
over胜过,优于
look
over检查,查看,调查
pull
over把……拉过来;靠岸;开到路边
-9-
(2)take
off脱下;起飞;取消
take
down记下;取下
take
for把……视作,误认为
take
in接纳,吸收;欺骗,诱骗;理解
take
on从事;聘用;呈现;承担(责任)
take
out取出
take
up占据;从事
take
back收回;退回
take
after像;追赶
-10-
4.形容词做状语
[教材原句]Many
people
were
buried
alive,and
so
was
the
city.很多人被活埋了,整个城市也被掩埋。(P42)
语境巧练
完成句子
①Cold
and
hungry
(又冷又饿),he
stopped
working
and
went
home.
②To
our
surprise,he
returned
safe
and
sound
(安然无恙).?
③Strange
to
say
(说也奇怪),he
did
pass
his
exam
after
all.?
④More
important
(更重要的是),he’s
got
a
steady
job.?
⑤Sure
enough
(果然),she
was
there.?
-11-
考点必记
形容词做状语
句中的alive是形容词做状语,着重强调主语呈现出来的状态。形容词做状语修饰句子中的人或物,副词做状语修饰句子中的动词。可用作状语的形容词还有awake,asleep,deep,straight,high,short,young,
interested,surprised,satisfied等。
-12-
5.unfortunate
adj.不幸的,遗憾的
[教材原句]How
unfortunate!多么不幸!(P42)
语境巧练
单句填空
①He
was
unfortunate
to
lose
(lose)in
the
final
round.?
②He
was
extremely
fortunate
in
having
such
a
happy
family.
③He
dreamed
of
making
a
fortune.
④Central
London
is
fortunate
(fortunately)in
having
so
many
large
parks
and
open
spaces.
⑤—Have
you
heard
about
that
fire
in
the
market?
—Yes,
fortunately
(fortune)no
one
was
hurt.
⑥Unfortunately
(fortune),it
took
a
horrible
accident
to
change
her
attitude.
-13-
考点必记
(1)unfortunately
adv.不幸地
(2)fortunate
adj.幸运的
be
(un)fortunate
to
do
sth/in
doing
sth在……方面运气(不)好
It
is
(un)fortunate
that...幸运的(不幸的)是……
(3)fortunately
adv.幸运地
(4)fortune
n.机会,运气,财富
make
a
fortune
发财
seek/try
one’s
fortune
碰运气
-14-
6.decorate
vt.装饰,装潢
[教材原句]I
saw
several
houses
which
were
decorated
with
wall
paintings.我看了好几间墙上装饰有壁画的房子。(P42)
语境巧练
单句填空
①With
a
3D
printer,a
cook
can
print
complicated
chocolate
sculptures
and
beautiful
pieces
for
decoration
(decorate)
on
a
wedding
cake.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解)
②They
decorated
the
apartment
with
streamers(彩带)
and
party
lights.
-15-
考点必记
(1)decorate...with...用……装饰……
be
decorated
with
被/用……装饰
(2)decoration
n.装饰;装饰物
名师点津
引申可表示“授予殊荣”,如奖章、勋位等。
He
was
decorated
with
the
prize.他被授予这项殊荣。
-16-
7.It
turns
out
that...结果是……
[教材原句]It
turns
out
that
after
the
ash
covered
the
people
who
failed
to
flee
the
city,their
bodies
nearly
completely
broke
down
and
disappeared,leaving
empty
spaces
in
the
ash.原来,火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人,他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了,只留下火山灰里的人形空当。(P43)
-17-
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
job
turned
out
to
be
(be)
harder
than
we
thought.?
②It
turned
out
that
I
had
to
pay
10
dollars
for
my
first
visit
and
50
dollars
for
that
visit
to
the
emergency
room.
句型转换
③She
turned
out
to
be
a
friend
of
my
sister.
=
It
turned
out
that
she
was
a
friend
of
my
sister.?
考点必记
It
turns
out
that...结果是……
It
turns/turned
out
that...原来是;结果是……
It
turns/turned
out
to
be...原来是;结果是……
-18-
用法点拨
本句型后接that从句时,句首的it不可用别的词代替;但是如果后面接不定式时,主语it可根据实际需要变化。
-19-
8.destroy
vt.破坏,毁坏,摧毁
[教材原句]It’s
hard
to
imagine
how
this
peaceful
volcano
destroyed
the
whole
city!真的很难想象这样一座平静的火山怎么就毁灭了整个城市!(P43)
语境巧练
用destroy的适当形式填空
①Today,the
scars
(创痕)
of
destruction
are
still
seen
in
Rockaway.
②Apparently
satisfied
that
we
caused
no
further
threat,the
bear
moved
off,
destroying
a
fence
as
it
went.
③War
is
the
great
destroyer
of
all
the
hopes
of
mankind.
④Be
yourself,Bob.You
can’t
let
yourself
be
destroyed
by
such
a
defeat.?
-20-
用destroy,hurt,harm,ruin和damage的适当形式填空
⑤Years
of
fighting
has
left
that
country
in
ruins.
⑥An
important
negative
effect
of
gossip
is
that
it
can
hurt
the
person
being
talked
about.
⑦If
we
know
that
gossip
can
be
harmful
,then
why
do
so
many
of
us
do
it?
⑧They
also
think
the
Shard
is
too
big
for
London.It
destroys
the
beauty
of
the
city.
⑨Many
of
the
images
were
stored
in
an
ice
chest,under
freezing
water,in
the
damaged
wooden
ship.
-21-
考点必记
(1)destroy
sb毁掉某人(的一生)
be
destroyed
by
fire被大火烧毁
(2)destruction
n.破坏,毁坏
(3)destroyer
n.破坏者;起破坏作用的东西
易混辨析destroy,damage与ruin
destroy表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底地毁掉或毁灭,往往暗示无法或很难修复,有时用于比喻手法中。
damage表示“损害,损坏”,通常是指部分损坏,往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低,有时用于比喻手法中。
ruin是destroy的同义词,强调毁灭的彻底性,并且是一次性的行为。这种毁灭也许没有多大力量,但其严重性却使其不能修复,也可强调长期的损坏过程所导致的结果。
-22-
写作佳句
When
the
war
was
near,Alia
was
worried
that
the
fires
of
war
would
destroy
the
books.(2017·浙江卷,完形填空)
战争来临,艾利雅担心战火会毁坏这些书。
-23-
9.remains
n.遗物,遗迹,遗骸;剩余物
[教材原句]Sven
found
the
remains
of
buildings
buried
beneath
the
sand,together
with
a
lot
of
treasures,including
coins,painted
pots,material
such
as
silk,documents
and
wall
paintings.斯文发现了埋藏在沙子下面的建筑物遗迹,以及很多包括钱币、彩绘罐、丝绸等布料、文献和壁画等珍贵文物。(P43)
-24-
语境巧练
写出下列句中remain的词性及汉语意思
①I
remained
three
days
in
that
country.vi.(人)留下,逗留
②After
years
of
hard
work,Tom
still
remained
a
worker.link-v.仍是
③After
the
fire,little
remained
of
his
house.vi.剩下,余留
④It
remains
to
be
seen
whether
her
colleagues
will
agree.
vi.留待以后去看
完成句子
⑤Sports,without
which
you
remain
poor
(仍旧匮乏),mean
a
lot
in
life.?
⑥You
can
set
up
a
timetable
for
the
remaining
weeks
(接下来的几个星期)before
the
race.?
-25-
考点必记
(1)the
remains
of...……的遗迹;……的剩余物
(2)remain
v.留下;仍然是
remain+形容词/名词/介词短语/非谓语动词
保持……
remain
to
be
done
有待于……
(3)remaining
adj.剩余的
用法点拨(1)remain做系动词用时,其后可接形容词、名词、介词短语、非谓语动词等做表语。
(2)remaining通常做前置定语,而left做“剩下的”讲时,做后置定语。如:the
money
left/the
remaining
money剩下的钱。
名师点津
remain的基本意思是“留下”“继续”,即在一段时间内持续地处于某位置或某状态,含有在别人走了的情况下仍然留下或在别的事物都改变了的情况下依然保持不变的意味。
-26-
10.expression
n.词语;表达;表情;表示
[教材原句]Useful
expressions
to
use
when
giving
a
talk
交谈时有用的表达
(P53)
语境巧练
单句填空
①He
looked
at
me
without
expression.
②He
can
express
himself
(him)freely
in
English.
③To
be
acknowledged
as
the
first
to
receive
this
honor
is
beyond
expression
in
words
for
me.
④Having
expressed
(express)my
thanks
to
her,I
feel
relaxed.?
⑤However,some
of
the
texts
have
too
many
new
words
and
expressions
(express)
which
are
hard
for
us.
-27-
考点必记
(1)beyond
expression无法形容
without
expression毫无表情
give
expression
to表达;表现;把……表达出来
(2)express
v.表达
express
oneself
表达自己的意思
用法点拨
(1)express当“表达,表示”解,习惯上不接双宾语,可用express
sth
to
sb。
(2)express后一般不接that从句,可接疑问词引导的从句。
-28-
11.powerful
adj.强有力的
[教材原句]On
26
November
1941,a
powerful
force
of
39
Japanese
ships
set
sail
for
the
Hawaiian
Islands.1941年11月26日,一群由39艘日本战舰组成的威力巨大舰队起航赴夏威夷群岛。(P55)
语境巧练
单句填空
①He
has
to
reward
the
men
who
help
him
come
to
power.
②Then
he
turned
the
power
switch
on.
考点必记
power
n.能;能力;力量;权力;电力
be
in
power执政;掌权
come
to
power上台;执政
-29-
12.declare
vt.断言,宣称,宣布,宣告,声明
[教材原句]The
next
day,US
President
Franklin
Roosevelt
asked
that
the
US
declare
war
against
Japan.第二天,美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福要求美国对日宣战。(P55)
语境巧练
单句填空
①It
was
the
year
when
Britain
declared
war
against
Germany.
②Welcome
to
China.May
I
have
a
look
at
your
customs
declaration
(declare)?
考点必记
(1)declaration
n.断言,宣称,宣布,宣告,声明
(2)declare
war
against向(某国/不好的事)宣战
declare
for/against
sth表态支持/反对某事
-30-
13.in
memory
of为了纪念……
[教材原句]In
memory
of
the
Americans
who
died
in
the
attack,a
national
memorial
was
built
in
Pearl
Harbor
just
above
the
remains
of
the
Arizona.为纪念在这次袭击中丧生的美国人,在亚利桑那州的遗迹上的珍珠港建了一个国家级的纪念碑。(P55)
-31-
语境巧练
完成句子
①Some
people
are
in
favor
of
(支持)
reform,while
others
are
against
it.?
②The
job
is
great
in
terms
of
(就……而言)
salary,but
it
has
its
disadvantages.?
③The
poem
is
in
praise
of
(赞扬)
her
virtues.?
④We’ll
make
a
new
director
in
place
of
(取代)
him.?
⑤The
gift
to
the
museum
is
being
made
in
memory
of
(为了纪念)
a
famous
man.?
⑥We
celebrate
Mother’s
Day
in
honour
of
(以示敬意)
our
mothers.
-32-
考点必记
in
terms
of就……而言
in
case
of
万一
in
place
of取代
in
search
of
寻找
in
favor
of赞成,支持
in
need
of需要
in
praise
of赞扬
in
possession
of拥有
in
charge
of掌管,负责
in
the
hope
of抱着……的希望
in
honour
of为了向……表示敬意
-33-
14.no
doubt无疑,确实
[教材原句]When
asked
how
a
statue
from
distant
Greece
could
have
appeared
in
China,researchers
explained
that
no
doubt
this
was
a
result
of
Alexander
the
Great’s
influence.当被问及一座来自遥远希腊的雕像怎么会在中国出现时,研究人员解释道,毫无疑问这是亚历山大大帝影响所致。(P58)
-34-
语境巧练
完成句子
①He
was
no
doubt
(毫无疑问)
a
great
hero,so
people
couldn’t
help
but
cry
over
his
death.?
②It’s
beyond/without
doubt
(毫无疑问)
that
we
can
overcome
all
these
difficulties
under
the
leadership
of
our
Party.?
③The
future
of
the
stadium
is
in
doubt
(还未确定)
because
of
a
lack
of
money.?
④He
doubted
if/whether
(怀疑是否)
he
could
learn
anything
new
from
Mary.?
⑤This
doesn’t
mean
we
are
becoming
either
more
or
less
intelligent,but
there
is
no
doubt
that
(毫无疑问)
the
way
we
use
memory
is
changing.?
-35-
考点必记
(1)beyond
doubt
无疑
in
doubt
怀疑地,未确定地
without
doubt
的确,无疑
There
is
no
doubt
that...毫无疑问……
(2)I
doubt
if/whether...我怀疑是否……
I
don’t
doubt
that...我不怀疑……
用法点拨在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后用that引导从句,但是在肯定句中,用whether或者if引导从句。
写作佳句
But
the
urge
would
no
doubt
be
greater
if
you
were
living
on
the
streets
with
little
food
and
money.(2018·北京卷,完形填空)
但是如果你露宿街头,少钱少食物,这种渴望无疑会更强烈。
-36-
15.ahead
adv.(时间、空间)在前面;提前,预先;领先
[教材原句]By
the
age
of
thirty,he
had
already
occupied
more
land
than
anyone
before,and
it
seemed
that
more
glory
was
waiting
ahead
of
him.在他30岁时,他已经拥有了比以往任何人都多的土地,而且看起来还有更大的荣耀在前面等着他。(P58)
语境巧练
完成句子
①Damaged
but
not
defeated,he
was
still
ahead
of
me
(领先我).?
②Moments
of
joy
suggest
that
there
is
still
hope
ahead
(前方仍有希望).?
③So
think
ahead
of
the
coming
week
(在下周到来之前).?
④The
pony
perhaps
thought
I’d
jumped
in
ahead
of
him
(在他的前面).?
-37-
考点必记
(1)ahead
of
time提前;提早
ahead
of
schedule(比原计划或规定时间)提前
ahead
of
在……之前
(2)go
ahead前进;进行;继续(事情);(祈使)干吧;开始吧;请吧
look
ahead展望未来;朝前看
-38-
16.aware
adj.知道的,察觉到的,意识到的
[教材原句]In
many
cases,his
questions
made
his
students
aware
of
their
own
errors.在很多情况下,他的问题让学生们意识到自己的错误。(P59)
语境巧练
单句填空
①I
went
to
a
group
activity
called
“Sensitivity
Sunday”,which
was
to
make
us
more
aware
(aware)
of
the
problems
faced
by
disabled
people.
②We
should
try
to
raise
people’s
awareness
(aware)
of
environmental
protection.
③Needless
to
say,this
decision
is
highly
confidential,and
the
manager
is
unaware
of
my
intention.
-39-
考点必记
(1)be/become
aware
of察觉,意识到
make
sb
aware
of使某人意识到
(2)awareness
n.意识
raise
awareness
of提高……的意识
(3)unaware
adj.不知道的,没察觉到的
写作佳句
Earth
Day
is
an
annual
event
aiming
to
raise
public
awareness
about
environmental
protection.
一年一度的地球日旨在提高公众的环保意识。
-40-
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The
company,which
will
have
been
founded
(found)
for
100
years
by
the
year
2020,has
branches
in
many
big
cities
across
the
world.?
2.The
earthquake
was
reported
to
have
destroyed
(destroy)
the
whole
town.?
3.We
know
what
we
should
be
doing
to
lose
weight—but
actually
doing
it
is
another
matter.
4.One
of
their
neighbors
had
written
to
complain
(complain)
about
the
sound
of
the
piano.?
5.I
am
sorry
I
didn’t
take
in
what
you
said.Can
you
explain
it
again?
6.Young
people
go
to
college
with
the
expectation
that
better
educated
(educate)
people
get
higher
pay.
-41-
7.He
is
the
best
student
in
the
school.There
is
no
doubt
that
he
can
win
first
prize.
8.A
car
carrying
three
people,believed
to
be
(be)
Japanese
tourists,
was
washed
off
a
road.?
9.Ladies
and
gentlemen,please
remain
seated
(seat)
until
the
plane
has
come
to
a
complete
stop.
10.Most
of
the
problems
were
solved
(solve)
at
the
meeting,but
two
were
left
hanging
in
the
air.?
-42-
Ⅱ.短语填空
take
over,come
down
with,stand
in
one’s
path,
rise
up
against,in
memory
of
1.The
people
of
the
whole
country
got
united
to
rise
up
against
the
Japanese
invaders.?
2.They
dedicated
a
monument
in
memory
of
those
who
died
in
the
great
earthquake.?
3.It
sounds
like
you’re
coming
down
with
the
flu;let
me
take
your
temperature.?
4.Miss
Jones
is
leaving
to
get
married
and
Miss
Smith
will
take
over
the
class.?
5.Mike
is
running
for
chairman
of
the
board.He
is
willing
to
do
anything
to
defeat
those
who
stand
in
his
path.?
-43-
Ⅲ.单句改错
1.There
is
no
doubt
whether
the
world
climate
has
been
changing
in
recent
years.
whether→that
2.Founding
in
1636,Harvard
is
one
of
the
most
famous
universities
in
the
United
States.
Founding→Founded
3.With
an
old
saying
goes,knowledge
is
power.
With→As
4.Don’t
leave
the
water
run
while
you
brush
your
teeth.
run→running
5.I
am
not
such
strong
a
man
as
he
is.
such→so
-44-
6.The
festival
is
in
memory
for
the
great
poet
Qu
Yuan.
for→of
7.Three
boys
were
ahead
us.
ahead后加of
-45-
Ⅳ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.敦煌莫高窟(Mogao
Caves)位于甘肃省,处在丝绸之路上。(locate)
2.好消息是,这个周末一些学者和研究者将给我们做如何保护敦煌莫高窟的报告。(joy,lecture)
3.这无疑对我们了解敦煌莫高窟是有好处的。(no
doubt)
4.我们应该意识到保护文化遗产的重要性。(be
aware
of)
5.专家们正在设法寻找修复壁画的方案。(solution)
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
-46-
Mogao
Caves
are
located
in
Dunhuang,Gansu
Province,on
the
famous
Silk
Road.To
our
joy,this
weekend,some
scholars
and
researchers
will
give
us
a
lecture
on
how
to
protect
Mogao
Caves.There
is
no
doubt
that
it
is
good
for
us
to
learn
about
Mogao
Caves.We
should
be
aware
of
the
importance
of
protecting
historical
cultural
heritages.In
addition,experts
are
trying
to
find
solutions
to
restore
the
wall
paintings.限时规范练17
模块3
Unit
3
Back
to
the
past
A
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、了解各类主题公园的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
Visitors
to
Hot
Springs
National
Park
in
Arkansas
really
follow
the
crowd.The
park
contains
47
hot
springs.And
tourists
can
take
relaxing
soaks
at
a
bathhouse
in
the
park
that
uses
warm
water
from
the
nearby
hot
springs.
GreatSprings
At
5,550
acres,Hot
Springs
National
Park
is
the
smallest
national
park
in
the
United
States.People
have
been
coming
to
the
area
for
hundreds
of
years
to
enjoy
its
natural
hot
baths.Starting
in
the
19th
century,several
bathhouses
that
offered
baths
with
spring
water
opened
in
the
region.Many
visitors
with
illnesses
went
there,believing
that
the
waters
could
help
cure
them.
The
area
became
a
national
park
in
1921.People
aren’t
allowed
to
take
baths
directly
in
the
springs.But
you
can
still
visit
the
one
bathhouse
that
remains
in
operation
at
the
park.You
can
also
drink
the
spring
water
from
special
fountains
(喷嘴式饮水器)
around
the
park.And
don’t
worry
about
burning
your
tongue.When
the
water
flows
from
the
ground
into
the
pools,it’s
very
hot.But
it
cools
before
reaching
the
park’s
baths
and
fountains.
HomeatHotSprings
Besides
the
springs,visitors
to
the
park
can
also
see
some
pretty
cool
wildlife.Sounds
like
there
are
a
lot
of
ways
to
have
fun
at
Hot
Springs
National
Park!
Fees&Passes
There
is
no
entrance
fee
for
the
park.
CampingFees
Your
stay
is
limited
to
14
days
at
a
time.Longer
stays
require
you
to
move
to
a
different
campground
outside
of
the
national
park.All
sites
can
be
used
for
tent
camping.All
sites
are
$30
per
night
or
$15
per
night
with
a
Senior
Pass
or
Access
Pass
card.Senior
and
Access
passes
can
be
bought
at
the
park
store.
1.What
do
we
know
about
Hot
Springs
National
Park?
A.It
was
set
up
in
the
1920s.
B.Its
bath
water
is
very
hot.
C.It
is
the
smallest
national
park
worldwide.
D.Its
bathhouses
were
opened
in
recent
years.
2.What
can
visitors
do
at
the
park?
A.Take
baths
in
the
springs
directly.
B.Have
their
illnesses
cured.
C.Visit
many
old
bathhouses.
D.Drink
its
spring
water.
3.If
visitors
want
to
camp
at
the
park,they
should
.?
A.bring
their
own
tents
B.go
to
the
park
store
first
C.stay
for
no
more
than
14
days
D.change
campgrounds
every
day
B
If
you
visit
the
new
Mummies
(木乃伊)
show
at
the
American
Museum
of
Natural
History
(AMNH),in
New
York
City,don’t
miss
the
Gilded
Lady.Scientists
say
she
probably
died
of
lung
disease
when
she
was
in
her
40s
—
about
2,000
years
ago
—
in
Egypt.They
even
have
a
model
of
her
skull.Based
on
that,an
artist
was
sure
how
she
may
have
looked
when
she
was
alive.And
yet,the
mummy’s
coffin
has
never
been
opened.Instead,scientists
used
a
machine
called
a
CT
scanner
to
look
inside.
CT
scanners
were
developed
to
help
doctors
examine
patients.But
the
machines
turned
out
to
be
perfect
for
studying
mummies,too.
“A
hundred
years
ago,scientists
would
usually
open
mummies’
coffins.This
did
a
great
deal
of
harm
to
those
mummies,”
says
AMNH
president
Ellen
V.Futter.“We
just
don’t
do
that
anymore.We
can
do
so
much
better.By
using
CT
scanners,scientists
can
know
about
an
ancient
person’s
diet
from
some
of
a
mummy’s
hair.Pieces
of
bone
can
show
who
was
related
to
whom.”
Some
mummies
in
Peru
were
buried
with
a
skull
hanging
from
their
neck.Scientists
thought
these
mummies
wore
the
skull
of
an
enemy.But
DNA
evidence
showed
that
the
mummies
were
buried
with
the
skull
of
an
ancestor.
The
19
mummies
in
the
show
are
from
Egypt
and
Peru.They
had
completely
different
reasons
for
mummifying
the
dead.The
ancient
Egyptians
believed
that
mummification
allowed
an
ancestor
to
live
on
in
the
next
world.The
people
who
prepared
the
Gilded
Lady
thought
she
would
continue
to
see,hear,and
smell.In
ancient
Peru,people
practiced
mummification
to
stay
connected
with
their
ancestors.Some
families
kept
mummies
in
their
home.
Futter
calls
the
mummies
in
the
show
“messengers
from
another
time.”
With
the
help
of
technology,scientists
will
continue
to
uncover
mummies’
secrets
so
we
can
understand
it.
4.What
did
scientists
find
about
the
Gilded
Lady?
A.She
was
a
great
artist.
B.She
died
a
natural
death.
C.She
lived
in
ancient
Egypt.
D.She
had
an
amazingly
long
life.
5.What
do
Futter’s
words
suggest?
A.Pieces
of
bone
show
a
person’s
diet.
B.CT
scanners
do
great
harm
to
mummies.
C.Mummies
usually
wore
the
skull
of
an
enemy.
D.Technology
plays
an
important
role
in
mummy
studies.
6.Why
did
the
ancient
Peruvians
make
mummies?
A.To
do
traditional
medical
research.
B.To
keep
close
ties
with
their
relatives.
C.To
help
their
families
live
a
better
life.
D.To
let
their
ancestors
live
in
another
world.
7.What
does
the
underlined
word
“it”
in
the
last
paragraph
refer
to?
A.The
technology.
B.Their
message.
C.Their
family.
D.The
show.
二、七选五
Finding
motivation,especially
study
motivation,is
not
always
easy. 1 Here
are
some
ways
of
doing
it:?
Offeryourselfencouragement.
Yes,you
should
give
yourself
a
prize
or
some
kind
of
reward
when
you’ve
done
a
task. 2 Remember,you
have
to
know
the
exact
conditions
that
you
need
to
meet
in
order
to
receive
the
wonderful
cake.?
3 ?
You
need
to
feel
confident
about
your
studies.I
am
sure
all
of
us
have
succeeded
on
several
occasions.Remember
these
past
successes
and
you
will
feel
more
motivated
to
continue!
Writedownyourgoals.
Don’t
just
think
about
them;don’t
just
say
them;write
them
down! 4 And
that’s
why
you
find
salesmen
always
want
you
to
write
something
down
before
you
actually
buy
something.By
writing
your
name
down,you
are
in
a
sense
giving
your
support
for
their
cause.If
then
you
are
asked
to
buy
what
they
are
selling,you
are
more
likely
to
do
that
than
if
you
hadn’t
signed
the
paper!?
Seeyourgoals.
5 Put
them
up
on
the
wall
and
paste
(粘贴)
small
post-it
notes
all
over
the
place.You
have
to
keep
on
reminding
yourself
of
the
purpose
behind
your
studies
and
what
type
of
results
you’re
expecting
to
achieve.?
A.Remember
past
successes.
B.The
written
word
is
very
powerful.
C.Don’t
forget
about
buying
yourself
a
gift.
D.Don’t
just
write
them
down
and
leave
them
like
that.
E.Moreover,talking
about
your
goals
with
others
helps
a
lot.
F.However,with
a
little
effort
we
can
learn
how
to
increase
our
motivation.
G.It
could
be
something
as
simple
as
sweets
or
something
greater
like
a
vacation.
三、语法填空
Recently,while
in
a
meeting,I
asked
someone,“Do
you
agree
that
there
is
a
problem?”
He
hesitated
a
moment
and
then
1.
(nod)
his
head.“Yeah,I
guess.”
Immediately,I
read
his
body
language
and
listened
to
his
2.
(word)
and
thought,“He
doesn’t
really.He
just
expects
3.
(make)
me
less
angry
by
4.
(say)
what
I
want
to
hear.Actually,he
doesn’t
think
there’s
a
problem.”
That’s
what
I
inferred
from
his
body
language
and
what
he
said.But
knowing
5.
difficult
it
is
to
correctly
read
body
language,I
asked,“You
hesitated.Do
you
really
think
there
isn’t
a
problem?”
He
replied,“Oh
no.There
6.
(certain)
is.I
just
don’t
like
admitting
it
out
loud.”?
So
the
hesitation
was
a
result
of
his
unwillingness
to
admit
it
aloud.It
wasn’t
what
I
thought.If
I
hadn’t
asked
the
question,I
would
have
gone
on
believing
something
7.
wasn’t
true.
If
you
read
someone’s
body
language
incorrectly,it
could
lead
8.
misunderstandings.
Body
language
is
the
result
of
many
things.Thoughts,fears,joys,confusion
and
nervousness
9.
(be)
just
a
few
of
the
things
affecting
a
person’s
body
language.Don’t
be
too
10.
(confidence)
in
your
ability
to
know
what
a
person
is
thinking
just
because
of
his
body
language.?
限时规范练17(模块三 Unit3A)
一、【篇章导读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国阿肯色州温泉国家公园。
1.A 细节理解题。根据GreatSprings中的“Theareabecameanationalparkin1921.”可知,美国温泉国家公园成立于1921年,故A项正确。
2.D 细节理解题。根据GreatSprings部分中的“Youcanalsodrinkthespringwaterfromspecialfountains”可知应选D项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据Fees&Passes部分中的“Yourstayislimitedto14daysatatime.”可知,在美国温泉国家公园露营一次最多只能停留14天。
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。随着科学技术的进步,科学家们正一步步揭开木乃伊的神秘面纱。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientistssaysheprobablydiedoflungdiseasewhenshewasinher40s—about2,000yearsago—inEgypt.”可知,科学家们认为GildedLady生活在2000多年前的古埃及。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ahundredyearsago,scientistswouldusuallyopenmummies’coffins.”及“ByusingCTscanners...whowasrelatedtowhom.”可知,随着科技的进步,科学家们改变了以往的研究手段,并获得了更多重要的发现,由此可知Futter的话说明科技对木乃伊的研究起着重要的作用。
6.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“InancientPeru,peoplepracticedmummificationtostayconnectedwiththeirancestors.”可知,秘鲁人制作木乃伊是为了与他们的祖先紧密相连在一起。
7.B 代词指代题。根据最后一段中的“Futtercallsthemummiesintheshow‘messengersfromanothertime’.”可知,由于木乃伊被当成历史信息的传递者,所以科学家们希望继续发掘木乃伊的秘密以理解他们所传递的信息,故这里it指代“信息”的意思。
二、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了四种提高学习动力的方法。
1.F 根据设空前一句“Findingmotivation,especiallystudymotivation,isnotalwayseasy.”可知,F项“然而,付出一点儿努力,我们就可以学习到如何提高我们的学习动力”符合语境。F项的内容与前一句构成意义上的转折关系。
2.G G项中的“somethingassimpleassweetsorsomethinggreaterlikeavacation”是设空前一句中的“aprizeorsomekindofreward”的具体内容。
3.A 设空处为段落小标题。根据本段主要内容“用过去的成功经历激励我们勇往直前”可知,A项“记得过去成功的经历”符合语境。
4.B B项中的writtenword与设空前一句中的writethemdown及设空后一句中的writesomethingdown相互呼应。
5.D 根据本段小标题“Seeyourgoals.”及设空后一句“Putthemuponthewallandpastesmallpost-itnotesallovertheplace.”可知,D项“不要只是将你的目标写在纸上,然后就置之不理了”符合语境。
三、1.nodded 考查一般过去时。由前面的“Hehesitatedamoment”可知,设空处所表示的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填nodded。
2.words 考查名词复数。word在此意为“话语”,是可数名词且表泛指,应用复数形式,故填words。
3.tomake 考查不定式做宾语的用法。expecttodosth意为“期待做某事”。
4.saying 考查动词-ing形式做宾语的用法。设空处做by的宾语,故填saying。
5.how 考查连接词。设空处所在句意为:但是知道正确读懂身势语有多难,“我”就问道:“你犹豫了。是不是觉得其实并没有什么问题?”故填how(多么)。
6.certainly 考查副词。设空处修饰谓语,表示“确实”,故填certainly。
7.that 考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词something,故填that。
8.to 考查固定结构。leadto意为“导致”。
9.are 考查主谓一致。由语境可知,设空处是对一般情况的描述,应用一般现在时,又因为主语是Thoughts,fears,joys,confusionandnervousness,故填are。
10.confident 考查形容词做表语的用法。设空处在此做表语,表示“自信的”,故填confident。
1限时规范练18
模块3
Unit
3
Back
to
the
past
B
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、考古历史的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
High
in
a
valley
on
the
border
of
Italy
and
Austria,a
young
couple
went
out
for
a
hike.As
the
hikers
made
their
way
across
the
snow-covered
rocks,they
found
that
a
human
body
lay
buried
in
the
melting
ice.They
quickly
called
the
police.Finally,the
body
was
dug
out
of
the
ice
and
sent
to
a
laboratory.In
the
lab,an
archaeologist
examined
the
body
and
other
items
that
had
been
found
nearby.The
study
of
these
items
showed
that
they
were
over
5,000
years
old!
The
local
people
were
very
excited
by
this
news.They
called
him
Otzi
because
he
had
been
found
near
the
Otztal
valley.As
news
of
the
iceman
spread,people
all
around
the
world
took
an
interest.Who
was
Otzi
the
Iceman?
Where
did
he
come
from?
How
did
he
live?
Why
did
he
die?
Scientists
have
come
a
long
way
toward
answering
these
questions.They
have
learned
a
great
deal
from
Otzi’s
belongings
about
what
life
was
like
5,000
years
ago.They
believe
that
he
had
a
diet
made
up
of
grains.By
examining
his
teeth
and
bones,they
believe
that
he
was
born
in
a
small
village
near
present-day
Bolzano,Italy.
Scientists
made
X-rays
of
Otzi’s
body.They
found
that
Otzi
had
been
in
a
fight
before
he
died.They
believe
that
he
escaped
his
attackers
and
fled
up
the
mountain
and
found
a
place
to
rest.He
placed
all
his
belongings
neatly
at
his
side,and
lay
down
on
the
ground.He
was
weak
from
loss
of
blood.After
some
hours
had
passed,Otzi
died.Snow
fell,covering
his
body.For
thousands
of
years,snow
fell
on
the
mountain.Otzi
became
buried
deeper
and
deeper
inside
the
glacier.There
he
remained
until
the
melting
ice
exposed
him
to
the
hikers.
Today,Otzi
rests
inside
an
ice
case
in
the
South
Tyrol
Museum
of
Archaeology
in
Bolzano,Italy.Otzi
the
Iceman
is
the
oldest
human
body
ever
found.Because
of
Otzi,we
can
touch
the
distant
past
and
imagine
the
lives
of
our
human
ancestors.
1.Who
found
Otzi?
A.An
archaeologist.
B.The
local
people.
C.A
policeman.
D.Two
hikers.
2.What’s
people’s
reaction
to
the
discovery?
A.Critical.
B.Curious.
C.Terrified.
D.Uninterested.
3.Otzi
probably
died
of
injuries
he
received
.?
A.while
escaping
from
a
snow
slide
B.in
a
fall
from
the
mountain
C.in
a
fight
with
enemies
D.from
a
wild
animal
4.Why
did
it
take
so
many
years
for
Otzi
to
be
found?
A.He
was
buried
underground.
B.He
fell
into
a
hole
in
the
glacier.
C.He
was
covered
in
snow
and
ice.
D.He
was
hidden
deep
in
the
mountain.
B
You
may
normally
think
you
eat
food
because
it’s
food,and
don’t
eat
other
things,because
they’re
not.But
a
look
at
other
cultures
will
show
you
that
that
is
not
true.“Food
behavior
is
a
product
of
culture,”
according
to
an
article
by
Robert
A.Leonard
Ph.D.and
Wendy
J.Saliba,MA,MBA.“Food
is
an
important
part
of
who
you
are.”
It
goes
on
to
name
different
cultures,and
how
food
choices
change
through
generations
as
immigrants
seek
acceptance
into
an
American
lifestyle.
Growing
up
in
a
Jewish
neighborhood,and
being
an
Irish
Catholic,I
found
my
friends’
families
served
different
food
than
mine.Foods
that
were
never
served
in
my
home
yet
were
common
in
theirs.
I
read
their
article
just
days
after
attending
my
fortieth
high
school
reunion,where
many
of
my
classmates
returned
from
various
parts
of
the
country.The
common
comment
from
the
out-of-towners
was,“I
have
to
get
bagels
(百吉圈)
to
bring
back
for
everyone.”
Bagels
are
especially
popular
in
communities
with
a
large
Jewish
population.When
people
moved
away
they
realized
the
bagels
they
grew
up
with,are
a
part
of
their
being.
Leonard
points
out
that
“Others’
food
generally
means
claiming
that
they
eat
what
we
do
not.”
And,“Within
our
own
groups,we
confirm
our
membership
by
preparing
and
eating
certain
foods.”
This
is
true
within
my
own
family.In
working
with
my
Italian-American
friends,I
have
always
heard
them
complain
that
on
Thanksgiving
it
is
not
the
American
customs
they
find
so
challenging
in
managing
their
weight,it’s
the
mixing
of
their
Italian
customs
along
with
the
American.Being
Irish,this
type
of
celebration
was
alien
to
me,until
my
Italian
sister-in-law
joined
our
family
last
year.On
the
first
Thanksgiving
she
hosted,she
served
both
the
Italian
and
American
menus.It
was
then
I
truly
understood
the
challenges
for
my
Italian-American
friends.
Many
restaurants
in
New
York
City
are
known
for
having
two
separate
menus.They
will
offer
one
menu
for
the
people
of
their
culture
that
includes
their
insider
foods,and
one
for
the
American
consumers
that
does
not.
5.What’s
the
root
of
different
food
behaviors
according
to
Leonard?
A.Food
taste.
B.Certain
lifestyles.
C.Personal
preference.
D.Cultural
background.
6.What
do
the
Jewish
people
feel
about
bagels?
A.They
are
usually
served
during
festivals.
B.They
are
a
part
of
cultural
identity.
C.They
are
a
must-have
for
reunions.
D.They
are
easy
to
carry.
7.What
was
the
author’s
last
Thanksgiving
meal
like?
A.Traditional.
B.Nutritious.
C.Mixed.
D.Light.
8.Why
do
many
restaurants
in
New
York
City
offer
two
menus?
A.To
serve
dishes
in
different
languages.
B.To
offer
different
cultural
food
choices.
C.To
meet
the
needs
of
people
of
different
ages.
D.To
provide
different
foods
for
different
classes.
二、完形填空
My
family
and
I
love
going
to
the
beach.We
go
to
the
beach
every
weekend.I
love
to
swim
and
hang
out.
1
something
really
terrible
happened
last
August.It
started
out
as
a
warm,sunny
day.We
were
at
the
2
with
friends.Late
that
afternoon,my
friend,her
six-year-old
cousin,and
I
were
3
in
shallow
water,talking
about
school
starting.Then
I
felt
something
on
my
right
leg.I
4
a
crab
(螃蟹)
bit
me.But
then
I
saw
a
5
swimming
near
me.?
I
was 6 .I
thought,“This
can’t
be
happening.”
I
7
to
my
friend,“Get
out
of
the
water!
It’s
a
shark!”
She
ran
onto
the
beach
toward
our
parents.I
8
running,too.But
then
I
looked
over
my
shoulder
and
9
my
friend’s
little
cousin
was
still
in
the
water.I
10
and
caught
her
hand.I
knew
it
was
11 ,but
I
also
thought
I
probably
wouldn’t
get
bitten
12 .When
she
saw
my
leg,she
13 .I
was
super
terrified.I
felt
great
14 .We
ran
and
finally
got
to
the
beach.?
On
the
way
to
the
hospital,it
started
raining.The
whole 15
was
like
my
most
frightening
dream.At
the
hospital,the
doctors
thought
the
shark
might
have
bitten
me
twice
16
there
was
a
smaller
bite
inside
the
big
bite.?
17
I
only
had
to
miss
the
first
three
days
of
school.When
I
got
there,all
the
girls
18
to
push
me
in
my
wheelchair.?
Now
that
I’m
recovered,my
family
and
I
are
back
to
swimming
in
the
ocean.Getting
bitten
by
a
shark
hasn’t 19
how
much
I
love
going
to
the
beach.Somehow,this
experience
made
me
20
it
more.I
say,“Back
off,sharks!”?
1.A.So
B.Or
C.But
D.Unless
2.A.park
B.pool
C.beach
D.party
3.A.swimming
B.drinking
C.fishing
D.diving
4.A.found
B.thought
C.saw
D.remembered
5.A.duck
B.snake
C.girl
D.shark
6.A.surprised
B.frightened
C.excited
D.angry
7.A.listened
B.pointed
C.smiled
D.shouted
8.A.started
B.kept
C.practiced
D.stopped
9.A.hoped
B.forgot
C.realized
D.guessed
10.A.looked
away
B.went
by
C.ran
back
D.held
on
11.A.funny
B.risky
C.normal
D.simple
12.A.too
B.alone
C.before
D.again
13.A.understood
B.left
C.laughed
D.cried
14.A.pride
B.pain
C.satisfaction
D.uncertainty
15.A.journey
B.situation
C.dream
D.exercise
16.A.and
B.if
C.because
D.though
17.A.Luckily
B.Possibly
C.Strangely
D.Clearly
18.A.agreed
B.failed
C.refused
D.wanted
19.A.developed
B.shown
C.explained
D.changed
20.A.love
B.doubt
C.regret
D.miss
三、短文改错
Last
month,my
classmate,John,caught
bad
cold.The
news
which
he
was
running
a
high
fever
and
ordinary
medicine
hadn’t
worked
on
him
immediate
reached
everybody
in
our
class.Some
recorded
the
English
lessons
for
him
so
that
he
could
keep
up
on
his
studies.Our
English
teacher
calls
on
him
at
weekends.Thanks
to
everybody’s
kind
help,he
failed
to
falling
behind
in
his
studies
and
finally
came
back
to
the
class.With
love,no
illness
or
difficulty
are
terrible.Love
and
help
are
two-way
streets.Our
classmates
were
offered
John
help
partly
because
he
had
always
been
a
warm-heart
boy.So
I
realise
that
when
we
help
others,we
are
helping
us.
限时规范练18(模块三 Unit3B)
一、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。冰人奥茨的发现轰动了全世界,考古学家经过不断研究逐渐揭开了冰人的神秘面纱,带我们回眸远古时代,了解祖先们的生活。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Asthehikersmadetheirwayacrossthesnow-coveredrocks,theyfoundthatahumanbodylayburiedinthemeltingice.”可知,一对徒步旅行的夫妇发现了这具遗骸。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thelocalpeoplewereveryexcitedbythisnews.”和“peopleallaroundtheworldtookaninterest”可知,人们对这一发现很好奇。
3.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Theybelievethatheescapedhisattackers”和“Hewasweakfromlossofblood.”可知,冰人奥茨在与敌人交战后受重伤而死。
4.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Forthousandsofyears,snowfell...exposedhimtothehikers.”可知答案。
【篇章导读】本文是夹叙夹议文。人们通常认为饮食习惯取决于个人口味,其实饮食习惯的差异源于不同的文化背景。家乡菜既是一种熟悉的味觉记忆,也是一条连接你与故乡的情感纽带。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Foodbehaviorisaproductofculture”可知,饮食习惯是文化的产物。
6.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whenpeoplemovedawaytheyrealizedthebagelstheygrewupwith,areapartoftheirbeing.”可知,犹太人认为百吉圈是他们的一部分。
7.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“sheservedboththeItalianandAmericanmenus”可知,作者在去年的感恩节同时吃到了意大利菜和美国菜。
8.B 细节理解题。根据末段中的“Theywillofferonemenuforthepeopleoftheirculturethatincludestheirinsiderfoods,andonefortheAmericanconsumersthatdoesnot.”可知,很多纽约的餐馆会为美国人和外来移民分别准备一份菜单,以满足他们不同的喜好。
二、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。作者在海边游泳不料却突然遭到鲨鱼的袭击,在紧急关头,她冒着生命危险又重返海中救出自己的小伙伴,幸运的是她们都安全返回岸边。这次经历不但没有让作者害怕海滩,反而让她更爱那里。
1.C 上文中的“Wegotothebeacheveryweekend.Ilovetoswimandhangout.”与下文中的“somethingreallyterriblehappenedlastAugust”构成转折关系,故用But。
2.C 根据上文中的“Ilovetoswimandhangout”及下文发生的事情可知,“我”和朋友在“沙滩(beach)”上。
3.A 后来“我”和一个朋友及她6岁的表妹在浅海处“游泳(swimming)”。
4.B 根据文中的“ThenIfeltsomethingonmyrightleg.I...acrabbitme.”可知,“我”觉得有东西在“我”的右腿上,开始“我”“以为(thought)”是只螃蟹。
5.D 根据语境及下文中的“It’sashark”可知,“我”看见一条“鲨鱼(shark)”在“我”身边游动。
6.B 根据文中的“Ithought,‘Thiscan’tbehappening.’...‘Getoutofthewater!It’sashark!’”可知,“我”看见鲨鱼后很“害怕(frightened)”。
7.D “我”赶紧向“我”的朋友“喊道(shouted)”:“快离开这里,这里有鲨鱼!”
8.A 根据文中的“Sheranontothebeachtowardourparents.I...running,too.”可知,“我”的朋友向岸边跑去,“我”也“开始(started)”跑。
9.C 根据语境及文中的“ButthenIlookedovermyshoulderand...myfriend’slittlecousinwasstillinthewater.”可知,当“我”回头看的时候,“我”“意识到(realized)”“我”朋友的表妹还在水里。
10.C 根据语境及文中的“caughtherhand”和“Iknewitwas...butIalsothoughtIprobablywouldn’tgetbitten”可知,“我”又“跑回(ranback)”了水里。
11.B “我”知道这很“冒险(risky)”。
12.D 但是“我”觉得“我”不会“再(again)”被鲨鱼咬了。
13.D 根据文中的“Whenshesawmyleg,she...Iwassuperterrified.”可知,当她看见“我”的腿的时候,她吓“哭(cried)”了。
14.B “我”也非常害怕,“我”的腿非常“疼(pain)”。
15.B 根据语境及文中的“itstartedraining.Thewhole...waslikemymostfrighteningdream”可知,“我”经历的所有“情形(situation)”都像是“我”做过的最恐怖的梦。
16.C 上文中的“thedoctorsthoughtthesharkmighthavebittenmetwice”与下文中的“therewasasmallerbiteinsidethebigbite”构成因果关系,故用because。
17.A 根据语境及下文中的“Ionlyhadtomissthefirstthreedaysofschool”可知,值得“庆幸(Luckily)”的是“我”只耽误了学校三天的课程。
18.D 根据作者的所作所为以及文中的“WhenIgotthere,allthegirls...topushmeinmywheelchair.”可知,“我”英勇救人的行为让同学们很感动,所以当“我”回到学校后,所有的女孩都“想(wanted)”推“我”的轮椅。
19.D 根据文中的Somehow,thisexperiencemademe...itmore.Isay,“Backoff,sharks!”可知,被鲨鱼咬伤这件事并没有“改变(changed)”“我”对沙滩的热爱。
20.A 被鲨鱼咬伤事件不但没改变“我”对沙滩的热爱,反而让“我”更“爱(love)”它。
三、第一句:bad前加a
第二句:which→that;immediate→immediately
第三句:on→with
第四句:calls→called
第五句:falling→fall
第六句:are→is
第八句:去掉were;warm-heart→warm-hearted
第九句:us→ourselves
1
