(共27张PPT)
Unit
2 The
environment
(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
-2-
在记忆中求准确
在语境中求熟练 Practice
makes
perfect.
必背表达单词——写作信手拈来
1.economy
n.
经济(情况);经济体
2.debate
n.&vi.辩论;争论,讨论
3.duty
n.责任,义务,本分
4.production
n.产量;生产
5.recycle
vt.&vi.回收利用
6.greedy
adj.贪婪的,贪心的
7.responsibility
n.责任,职责
8.belief
n.看法;信念
9.environmental
adj.环境的
10.operate
vt.&vi.
经营;动手术
11.quantity
n.数量
-3-
12.willing
adj.愿意的,乐意的
13.madam
n.女士,夫人
14.arrival
n.到来,抵达;到达者
15.illegally
adv.非法地
16.impress
vt.使印象深刻
17.clap
vi.&
vt.鼓掌,拍手
18.conflict
vi.冲突;抵触
n.冲突;矛盾
19.queue
vi.排队等候
n.队,行列
20.crop
n.庄稼,农作物
21.soil
n.土壤
22.decrease
vt.&vi.减少
n.减少
23.measure
n.措施,方法;尺度
vt.测量;估量;判定
24.range
n.范围;一系列;山脉
vi.(在一定范围内)变化;包括;排列;排序
-4-
25.illegal
adj.违法的,非法的
26.conservation
n.(对自然环境的)保护
27.appreciate
vt.欣赏,赞赏;感谢;领会
28.climate
n.气候
29.vehicle
n.交通工具,车辆
30.electrical
adj.电的,用电的
31.plant
n.工厂;发电厂
32.fuel
n.燃料
vt.&vi.提供燃料;加油
33.consume
vt.消耗,耗费;消费
34.particular
adj.专指的,特指的;特别的;讲究的,挑剔的
35.absorb
vt.吸收;理解;使全神贯注
36.decade
n.十年
-5-
识记阅读单词——读文理解通畅
1.spokeswoman
n.女发言人
2.consultant
n.顾问
3.flow
vi.流,流动;流畅地进行
n.流动;连贯
4.pipe
n.管子,管道
5.businessman
n.(尤指上层)商界人员;企业家
6.credit
n.赞扬,称赞,认可;信用,信誉;学分
7.raw
adj.原始的,未经加工或处理的
8.raw
material
n.原材料
9.seafood
n.海味,海鲜
10.tax
n.税,税款
11.goods
n.商品,货品
-6-
12.pump
vt.&vi.用泵(或泵样器官等)输送;涌出,涌流
n.泵;抽水机;打气筒
13.arrest
vt.&
n.逮捕
14.customs
n.海关;关税
15.feather
n.羽毛
16.tortoise
n.陆龟
17.blanket
n.毯子;厚的覆盖层
18.fence
n.栅栏,篱笆,围栏
19.bush
n.灌木
20.drill
vi.&
vt.钻(孔),打(眼)
n.操练,训练
21.administration
n.管理;管理部门;施行;(美国)政府
22.satellite
n.人造卫星
23.typhoon
n.台风
24.flood
n.洪水;大批,大量
vt.&vi.泛滥;淹没;大量涌入
-7-
25.white-flag
dolphin
n.白鳍豚
26.low-carbon
adj.低碳的
27.carbon
n.碳
28.dioxide
n.二氧化物
29.carbon
dioxide
n.二氧化碳
30.petrol
n.汽油
31.engine
n.发动机,引擎
32.oxygen
n.氧气
-8-
『构织连脉词族』
1.consultant
n.顾问→consult
vt.咨询,商榷
2.produce
v.生产→production
n.产量;生产→product
n.产品
3.greedy
adj.贪婪的,贪心的→greedily
adv.贪婪地
→greed
n.贪婪,贪心
4.responsibility
n.责任,职责→responsible
adj.负责的
→respond
vt.回应
5.belief
n.看法;信念→believe
v.相信,认为
6.environment
n.环境→environmental
adj.环境的
7.operate
vt.&vi.经营;动手术→operation
n.操作,经营
→operator
n.操纵者,操作员
8.will
v.&
n.意愿,意志→willing
adj.愿意的,乐意的
→willingly
adv.乐意地
-9-
9.arrival
n.到来,抵达;到达者→arrive
vi.到达
10.legal
adj.合法的→legally
adv.合法地→illegal
adj.违法的,非法的→illegally
adv.非法地
11.impress
vt.使印象深刻→impression
n.印象,效果
→impressive
adj.给人以深刻印象的
12.appreciate
vt.欣赏,赞赏;感谢;领会
→appreciation
n.欣赏,鉴赏;感谢;领会
13.electrical
adj.电的,用电的→electricity
n.电
→electronic
adj.电子的
14.particular
adj.专指的,特制的;特别的;讲究的,挑剔的→particularly
adv.特指地;讲究地
15.absorb
vt.吸收;理解;使全神贯注→absorbed
adj.全神贯注的→absorption
n.吸收
-10-
『语用规律归纳』
1.range用法全扫描
in/within
range在射程以内;在范围内
out
of
one’s
range某人能力达不到的
beyond/out
of
range在射程外;在范围外
range
from...to...
在……范围内变动;包括由……到……之间的各类事物
range
between...and...在……和……范围内变动
a
wide
range
of...一系列……
2.arrest用法归纳
get/be
arrested
for
sth因某事而被捕
under
arrest被捕;被拘留
-11-
3.“相信”家族
faith (信任)
faithful (忠实的)
faithfully (忠实地)
believe (相信)
belief (相信)
believable (可相信的)
4.与“环境”有关的词汇
global
warming全球变暖
environmentally
friendly环保的
greenhouse
gases温室气体
greenhouse
effect温室效应
air/water/soil/noise
pollution大气/水/土壤/噪声污染
-12-
5.以-ow结尾动词的过去式和过去分词
flow→flowed→flowed流淌
snow→snowed→snowed下雪
show→showed→shown/showed显示,展览
blow→blew→blown吹
allow→allowed→allowed允许
sow→sowed→sowed
/sown播种
follow→followed→followed跟随,接着
bow→bowed→bowed鞠躬
-13-
6.“复数”的特殊情况
(1)单复数同形
series系列
means方法,手段
species物种;种类
(2)复数形式意义不同
goods
货物 waters
水域
works
工厂 peoples
民族
papers
考卷,文件
fruits
各种水果
(3)maths,politics,physics等学科名词是单数
-14-
7.decrease
用法荟萃
decrease
sth
使……减少
decrease
in...
在……(方面)降低/减少
decrease
by...
减少了……
decrease
to...
减少到……
on
the
decrease
在减少
8.否定前缀il-/im-/in-/ir-
legal→illegal
违法的
regular→irregular
不规则的
formal→informal
不正式的
dependent→independent
独立的
patient→impatient
不耐心的
possible→impossible
不可能的
-15-
9.“不良品质”的形容词
greedy贪婪的 mean小气的
selfish自私的 rude粗鲁的
-16-
『语境活用』
1.With
China’s
economy
(经济)
increasing,
people
consume
(消费)
too
much
junk
food,
which
is
bad
for
their
health.
2.He
responded
that
he
should
be
responsible
for
the
accident
and
he
was
praised
for
his
sense
of
responsibility.(respond)
3.An
operator
was
ill
and
a
famous
surgeon
operated
on
her
at
once.Shortly
after
the
operation,the
patient
picked
up.(operate)
4.What
you
said
impressed
me
a
lot.It
left
a
good
impression
on
me
so
it
was
impressive.(impress)
5.Your
efforts
to
conserve
the
environment
have
led
to
good
conservation.(conserve)
-17-
从表面理解到深层延伸
从拓展中抓其规律 Observation
is
the
best
teacher.
1.open
the
floor
自由发言
2.cut
back
on
production
削减产量
3.be
concerned
about
对……关心
4.at
the
same
time
同时
5.clean
up
打扫(清除)干净
6.be
bad
for
对……有害
7.queue
up
排队等候
8.raw
material
原材料
9.under
way
进行中
10.in
particular
特别
-18-
11.use
up/run
out(of)
用尽;用完;耗尽
12.upon
the
arrival
of
spring
春天一来
13.take
steps
to
do
sth采取措施做某事
14.pick
out
找出,挑选
15.raise
concern
引起关注
16.put...in
danger
置……于危险中
17.in/with
regard
to
关于,至于
18.blame...on...
将……归咎于……
19.let
off
排放;不惩罚
20.do
one’s
part
尽自己的职责
-19-
『语用规律归纳』
1.let短语荟萃
let
alone 更不用说;更谈不上
let
out 释放;放走;发出;泄露
let
sb/sth
alone 对某人/某事放任不管
let
in 允许进入;容许;许可
let
down 使(某人)失望/情绪低沉
2.cut短语荟萃
cut
down 削减;砍倒;缩小
cut
off 切断;中止;隔绝
cut
in 插话
cut
up 切碎
cut
out 删除
-20-
『语境活用』
1.She
was
let
off
with
a
warning.
2.I
do
wish
you
wouldn’t
use
up
all
the
hot
water;I
want
to
have
a
bath
later.
3.I
have
been
picked
out
to
represent
the
whole
team.
4.The
company’s
position
with
regard
to
overtime
is
made
clear
in
their
contracts.
5.We
must
take
steps
to
reduce
crime
in
the
area.
-21-
从教材中探求高考脉动
从仿写中熟练运用 Nothing
is
impossible
for
a
willing
heart.
『领悟教材语境』
1.The
world’s
population
has
grown
by
six
times
what
it
was
in
1800.
(Page
22)
[考点提炼]倍数表达法
2.It
is
our
duty
to
try
to
cut
back
on
production
and
reduce
the
number
of
things
we
make
and
buy.
(Page
22)
[考点提炼]It
is+
n.+to
do
sth“做某事是……”
3.What
if
they
run
out?
(Page
25)
[考点提炼]what
if
“要是……又会怎么样”
-22-
4.There
is
no
doubt
that
the
world
climate
has
been
changing
in
recent
years.
(Page
39)
[考点提炼]There
is
no
doubt
that...“毫无疑问……”
5.Therefore,the
more
petrol
and
electricity
we
consume,
the
more
carbon
we
are
letting
off.
(Page
39)
[考点提炼]“the+比较级,the+比较级”意为“越……,就越……”
-23-
『高考写作情景』
1.女孩的数量是男孩的三倍。
The
number
of
the
girls
is
three
times
as
many
as
boys.
2.我很荣幸能有这次面试的机会。
It’s
really
my
honour
to
have
this
opportunity
for
an
interview.
3.如果明天下雨怎么办?
What
if
it
rains
tomorrow?
4.毫无疑问你能和他们相处好。
There
is
no
doubt
that
you
can
get
along
well
with
them.
5.你学习越努力,取得的进步就会越大。
The
harder
you
study,
the
greater
progress
you
will
make.
-24-
旧材新用
探究根源 Kill
two
birds
with
one
stone.
『主题与语篇填空』
The
economy
or
the
environment—must
we
choose?
In
Lin
Shuiqing’s
opinion,vast
areas
of
the
world
are
damaged
by
chemical
waste.Many
places
1.have
been
destroyed
(destroy)and
many
plants
and
animals
have
died.Much
sea
life
is
being
destroyed
by
fishing
boats
as
well.While
2.damaging
(damage)our
environment,
we
keep
producing
more
and
more
people
who
need
more
land
and
food.3.It
is
our
duty
to
cut
back
on
4.production
(produce)and
reduce
the
number
of
things
we
make
and
buy.As
far
as
Qian
Liwei
is
concerned,a
5.healthy(health)environment
and
development
should
be
possible
6.at
the
same
time.People
7.are
(be)more
important
than
fish
and
trees.But
we
need
better
laws
to
preserve
the
environment
and
still
allow
our
country
to
grow
8.widely
(wide).
-25-
We
should
produce
more
things
from
materials
that
have
been
recycled.People
are
willing
to
pay
a
little
higher
prices
for
things
that
are
friendly
to
the
environment
9.because
those
factories
which
pollute
the
environment
should
have
to
pay
higher
taxes.If
you
harm
the
environment,you
should
have
to
pay
for
it
to
10.be
repaired
(repair).
-26-
『主题与短文改错』
There
is
no
doubt
if
the
world
climate
has
been
changing
in
recent
years.Many
people
blame
this
change
for
gases
such
as
carbon
dioxide.
Anytime
something
is
burnt,carbon
is
being
put
into
the
atmosphere.
Cars
and
other
vehicles
burning
petrol
in
their
engines,and
electrical
power
plants
most
often
burn
fuels
such
as
coal
or
oil
in
order
to
produce
electricity.Therefore,the
more
petrol
and
electricity
consume,
the
less
carbon
we
are
letting
off.To
help
solve
this
problem,we
should
turn
off
the
lights
and
something
else
electrical
when
not
in
use.Since
factory
use
a
lot
of
energy
and
also
let
off
carbon
gases,it
is
important
to
recycle
as
many
as
possible.
-27-(共49张PPT)
Unit
2 The
environment
(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
-2-
1.debate
n.辩论,讨论 vt.争论,思考 vi.商讨,辩论
[教材原句]Today’s
debate
question
is,‘The
economy
or
the
environment—must
we
choose?’今天辩论的问题是“经济还是环境——我们必须作出抉择吗?”(P22)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Our
class
held
a
debate
on/about/over
whether
students
should
take
cell
phones
to
school.
②The
suggestion
is
still
under
debate.
③We
are
debating
what
to
do
(do)
next.?
④He
was
debating
whether
to
go
for
a
walk
or
to
visit
a
friend.
⑤You
can
believe
in
me.The
truth
of
this
news
story
is
beyond
debate.
-3-
考点必记
(1)debate
about/on/over
sth关于……的辩论
debate
whether
to
do
sth/debate
whether+从句
考虑/讨论是否……
(2)have
a
debate进行讨论/辩论
under
debate在讨论中
beyond
debate无可争辩
a
heated
debate激烈的辩论
-4-
2.open
the
floor
自由发言
[教材原句]Then
we
will
open
the
floor
for
discussion.之后我们将展开自由讨论。(P22)
语境巧练
完成句子
①Let’s
open
the
floor
(自由发言)
for
discussion
on
that
problem.?
②If
you
have
anything
to
say
about
the
problem,you
can
take
the
floor
(发言).?
③Everybody
should
be
able
to
get/have
the
floor
(有发言权)
during
the
meeting.?
-5-
考点必记
(1)take
the
floor发言,参加讨论
get/have
the
floor得到发言权
ask
for
the
floor征求发言权
(2)open
the
mind开阔思路
open
one’s
heart把心里的话说出来
open
one’s
eyes长见识,开眼界
-6-
3.倍数+what从句
[教材原句]The
world’s
population
has
grown
by
six
times
what
it
was
in
1800.世界人口与1800年相比已增长了六倍。(P22)
语境巧练
句式转换
It
is
reported
that
a
new
planet
has
been
discovered
recently,which
is
almost
three
times
as
big
as
the
earth.?
=which
is
almost
three
times
bigger
than
the
earth.?
=which
is
almost
three
times
the
size
of
the
earth.?
据报道,最近发现了一个新行星,几乎是地球的3倍大。
-7-
考点必记
本句包含一个倍数表示法,即“倍数+what从句”。
(1)A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B.
(2)A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B.
(3)A+be+倍数+the+名词(size,height,length,width,age,weight,etc.)+of+B.
(4)The+名词+of+A+be+倍数+than+that+of+B.
-8-
4.It+be+名词词组+动词不定式
[教材原句]It
is
our
duty
to
try
to
cut
back
on
production
and
reduce
the
number
of
things
we
make
and
buy.我们的职责是尽量缩减生产,以及减少产量和采购量。(P22)
语境巧练
完成句子
①It
is
wrong
that
(是错误的)
some
people
look
down
on
blind
people.?
②It
is
necessary
for
us
(我们有必要)
to
help
the
disabled.?
③It
is
a
pity
that
(真遗憾)
he
has
made
such
a
mistake.?
④It
is
said
that
(据说)
he
has
gone
to
the
USA
for
further
study.?
-9-
⑤It
seems/appears
that
(看来似乎)
he
is
sick.?
⑥It
is
very
important
not
to
give
children
(重要的是别给孩子们)
too
much
money.?
⑦It
is
my
duty
(我的职责)
to
clean
the
floor.?
⑧It
takes
him
half
an
hour
(他花半个小时)
to
go
to
work
by
underground
every
day.?
⑨It
is
no
good
waiting
for
(等待)
other
people
to
make
your
decision
for
you.?
⑩It
is
ever
so
nice
of
you
(你们)
to
give
us
support
that
we
need
most.?
-10-
考点必记
(1)It+be+名词词组+动词不定式。
(2)It+be+形容词+主语从句。
(3)It+be+名词词组+主语从句,这类名词词组有:a
fact,a
pity,a
shame,
an
honour,a
question等。
(4)It+be+过去分词+主语从句,这类过去分词有:announced,believed,
expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等。
(5)It+不及物动词+主语从句,这类不及物动词有:appear,happen,
seem等。
(6)It+be+形容词+for
sb+动词不定式,这类句型常用形容词easy,
difficult,hard,important,possible,wise等做表语,有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者,常在不定式前加for
sb。
-11-
(7)It+be+形容词+of
sb+动词不定式,这类形容词常是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词,如:kind,nice,stupid,clever,foolish,polite,impolite,
silly,selfish,considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。
(8)It+be+名词或形容词+动词-ing,这类名词和形容词常常是:good,
no
good,no
use,useless,senseless等。
(9)It+takes
(sb)+时间(金钱)+动词不定式。
-12-
5.cut
back
on
减少,削减,缩减
[教材原句]It
is
our
duty
to
try
to
cut
back
on
production
and
reduce
the
number
of
things
we
make
and
buy.我们的职责是尽量缩减生产,以及减少产量和采购量。(P22)
-13-
语境巧练
用cut的短语填空
①How
can
you
cut
down
the
risk
of
cancer??
②He
also
supplied
the
north
when
America
cut
off
energy
aid.?
③He
had
cut
up
the
meat
before
his
mother
came
back.?
④Don’t
try
to
cut
in
while
others
are
talking.?
⑤When
Dad
lost
his
job,we
had
to
cut
back
on
entertainment
expenses.?
⑥In
order
not
to
be
late,she
cut
across
the
field.?
⑦They
cut
away
all
the
dead
branches
from
the
tree.?
-14-
考点必记
cut
across抄近路通过 cut
away切除,剪掉,砍掉
cut
down砍倒;削减;删节 cut
in插嘴;打断
cut
out删除 cut
up切碎;(严重地)割伤;打伤,使伤心
cut
off中断;切去,割掉;停止
写作佳句
①If
we
don’t
sell
more
goods,we’ll
have
to
cut
back
on
production.我们若不能增加货物的销售量,就必须降低产量。
②Don’t
cut
in
so
rudely
while
he
is
doing
it
well.
他干得好好的,你不要冒冒失失地横插一杠子。
③The
floods
have
cut
off
our
supplies.洪水切断了我们的供应。
-15-
6.operate
vt.&vi.管理,经营;操作,进行;动手术
[教材原句]The
people
operating
these
factories
are
deeply
concerned
about
the
environment.这些工厂的经营者非常关心环境。(P23)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Do
you
want
to
let
a
robot
operate
on
me?
②Until
the
rail
links
are
in
operation,passengers
can
only
travel
through
the
tunnel
by
coach.
③The
plan
began
to
be
put
into
operation.
④Operations
(operate)
become
more
profitable
under
the
new
organization,rather
than
less.
⑤He
dialed
the
operator
(operate)and
put
in
a
call
for
Rome.
-16-
考点必记
(1)operate
on
sb
for...因为……给某人动手术
(2)operation
n.操作;实施;军事行动;手术
in
operation工作中;运行;实施
put...into
operation实施;使……运转
do
an
operation
on
sb为某人动手术
(3)cooperation
n.合作,协力
operator
n.接线员;操作员
-17-
7.quantity
n.数量
[教材原句]Ms
Lin
suggested
we
should
cut
back
on
the
quantity
of
things
we
produce
in
order
to
save
the
environment.林女士建议为了保护环境我们应该削减我们所生产的东西的数量。(P23)
语境巧练
完成句子
①When
condors
eat
dead
bodies
of
other
animals
containing
lead,they
absorb
large
quantities
of/a
large
quantity
of
(大量的)
lead.?
单句填空
②A
large
quantity
of
water
has
been
polluted
(pollute)
by
the
nearby
factories
since
then.?
③Large
quantities
of
western
foods
are
served
(serve)
in
this
restaurant
now.?
-18-
考点必记
a
large
quantity
of很多(后跟名词做主语时谓语用单数)
large
quantities
of很多(后跟名词做主语时谓语用复数)
in
quantity
(in
large/vast
quantities)大量地
写作佳句
“Not
only
are
the
quantities
of
phytoplankton
in
the
ocean
changing,”she
said,“but
the
type
of
phytoplankton
is
changing.”(2019·北京卷,阅读理解)她说:“不仅海洋微生物的数量在改变,其种类也在变化。”
-19-
8.the+名词+介词+which非限制性定语从句
[教材原句]However,I
do
agree
that
we
should
produce
more
things
from
materials
that
have
been
recycled,and
less
from
raw
materials,the
supply
of
which
is
growing
smaller
and
smaller.然而,我非常赞同我们应该利用回收材料制造更多的产品,减少原材料的使用,因为原材料的供应正变得越来越紧张。(P23)
-20-
语境巧练
单句填空
①There
are
two
buildings,the
larger
of
which
stands
nearly
a
hundred
feet
high.
②Last
month,part
of
South
Asia
was
struck
by
floods,from
whose
effects
people
are
still
suffering.
③They
are
only
ordinary
people,some
of
whom
have
overcome
severe
hardships
to
lead
happy
and
productive
lives.
-21-
考点必记
the+名词+介词+which非限制性定语从句
本句中使用了“the+名词+介词+which非限制性定语从句”的句型。该结构有以下几种变形:
①不定代词+介词+关系代词
②数词+介词+关系代词
③the+形容词比较级(最高级)+介词+关系代词
④介词+whose+名词
-22-
9.run
out(of)用完,耗尽
[教材原句]What
if
they
run
out?要是它们用尽了怎么办?(P25)
语境巧练
用run的短语填空
①A
boy
was
run
over
by
the
car
and
got
killed
immediately.?
②I
was
walking
along
the
beach
when
I
ran
into/across
John.?
③The
boy
ran
after
the
goats,but
he
could
not
get
them
out.?
用run
out
of,run
out,give
out,use
up填空
④Their
savings
ran
out.?
⑤His
strength
gave
out
after
he
ran
that
long
distance.?
⑥Making
soup
is
a
good
way
of
using
up
leftover
vegetables.?
⑦I
am
running
out
of
petrol,so
I
have
to
stop
at
the
next
filling
station.
⑧By
this
time,he
had
used
up
all
his
savings.?
-23-
考点必记
run
short
of
sth快用完某物
run
into碰到;偶然遇到;遇到(困难);撞上
run
across偶然遇到;穿过 run
after追求;追赶,追逐
run
away逃走,逃跑 run
over轧过;碾过
run
through浏览;穿过;流过
易混辨析run
out
of,run
out,give
out和use
up
(1)run
out
of
意为
“用完了”,是及物动词短语,表示主动意义,主语一般是人。
(2)run
out意为
“……用完了”,是不及物动词短语,其主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等。
(3)give
out意为
“用尽,精疲力竭”,可以表示人的力气
“用完”
或者人
“筋疲力尽”,为不及物动词短语。
(4)use
up意为
“用完,消耗尽”,为及物动词短语,相当于run
out
of。
-24-
10.impress
vt.使印象深刻,留下印象
[教材原句]When
I
heard
what
you
said
about
the
environment
and
the
economy
needing
to
work
together
more,I
was
very
impressed.当我听到你对有关环境和经济需要齐头并进的观点时,我印象格外深刻。(P31)
语境巧练
单句填空
①He
was
impressed
with
Benjamin’s
drawings.
②Her
times
were
not
exactly
impressive
(impress),but
even
so,he
sensed
there
was
something
the
other
coaches
had
overlooked.
③Hundreds
of
people
have
formed
impressions
(impress)
of
you
through
that
little
device
on
your
desk.
-25-
考点必记
(1)impress
sb
with
sth某物给某人留下深刻印象
impress
sth
on/upon
sb使意识到(重要性或严重性等)
(2)impression
n.印象;感想;印痕
make
a
strong
impression
on...给……留下深刻的印象
(3)impressive
adj.令人赞叹的
-26-
11.decrease
vi.&vt.减少 n.减少
[教材原句]This
is
one
of
the
cheapest
and
best
ways
of
decreasing
desertification.这是一种减少荒漠化最为便宜有效的方式之一。(P33)
语境巧练
完成句子
①The
average
house
prices
decreased
by
13%
(下降了13%)
last
year.?
②By
1881,the
population
of
Ireland
had
decreased
to
5.2
million
(减少到520万).?
-27-
考点必记
(1)decrease
to+数字
减少到……
decrease
by+数字
减少了……
decrease
in/of
sth减少……的量
(2)on
the
decrease
在减少中
-28-
12.measure
vt.测量,度量(大小、容量、尺寸等);估量 vi.(指尺寸、长度、数量等)度量为 n.措施,方法;(一定的)量,程度;尺度,标准;度量单位
[教材原句]The
centre
has
over
300
scientists
devoted
to
finding
measures
that
will
stop
desertification.该中心有300多名科学家专心于找到阻止荒漠化的措施。(P33)
语境巧练
单句填空
①You
should
take
effective
measures
(measure)to
improve
your
working
conditions.
②Accurate
measurement
(measure)
is
very
important
in
science.
③The
good
they
have
done
for
me
is
beyond
measure.
-29-
考点必记
(1)take
measures/steps
to
do
sth采取措施做某事
beyond
measure无法估量;极度;非常
for
good
measure外加,再增加
(2)measurement
n.度量,衡量
(3)measure...by...用……来衡量……
-30-
13.range
n.范围;一系列;山脉 vi.(在一定范围内)变化;包括;排列,排序
[教材原句]Nor
is
it
good
news
for
the
wide
range
of
fish
and
wildlife
that
live
in
or
along
the
river.对生活在江中或沿岸的大量鱼类和野生生物来说也是个不好的消息。(P38)
语境巧练
单句填空
①We
have
a
wide
range
of
choices
such
as
travelling
and
visiting
our
relatives
and
friends.
②There
are
two
hundred
boys
ranging
from
seven
to
fourteen
in
age.
③None
of
the
houses
in
our
price
range
seemed
satisfactory.
-31-
考点必记
(1)a
wide
range
of一系列;种类繁多
in/out
of
range...在/超出……的范围
beyond/outside
the
range
of超出了……的范围
(2)range
from...to...在……范围内变动;包括由……到……之间的各类事物
range
between...and...在……和……范围内变动
-32-
14.under
way进行中
[教材原句]Two
special
government
projects
are
also
under
way.政府的两个特别项目也在实施中。(P38)
语境巧练
完成句子
①Our
plan
is
well
under
way
(正在顺利地实施).?
②People
under
a
lot
of
stress/pressure
(压力大的)
may
experience
headaches
and
sleeping
difficulties.That’s
why
we
need
to
relax
ourselves
at
times.?
③Under
the
circumstances
(在这种情形下),it
is
little
wonder
that
they
experience
difficulties.?
④
We
stand
in
its
hour
of
heartbreak
when
the
building
is
under
fire
(受到攻击).?
-33-
考点必记
under
control被控制住
under
discussion正在讨论中
under
pressure/stress在压力下
under
fire遭到炮火射击,受到攻击
under
the
circumstances在这种情况下
under
consideration在考虑中
under
no
circumstances在任何情况下都不
-34-
15.in/with
regard
to
关于,至于
[教材原句]We
still
have
a
long
way
to
go
to
solve
all
the
problems
in
regard
to
the
Yangtze
River.要解决有关长江的所有问题,我们还有很长的一段路要走。(P38)
语境巧练
单句填空
①With
regard
to
your
recent
application
,I
am
afraid
we
are
unable
to
offer
you
the
job.
②He
had
very
little
to
say
regarding
(regard)
the
accident.
考点必记
in
respect
of关于,就……而言
concerning关于
regarding关于
-35-
16.appreciate
vt.欣赏,赞赏;感激;领会,理解
[教材原句]The
efforts
of
the
Chinese
government
and
people
to
protect
this
much-loved
river
will
be
appreciated
for
years
to
come.中国政府和人民为保护这条深受人们热爱的河流所做出的努力会在未来被感激。(P38)
-36-
语境巧练
完成句子
①Like
me,this
woman
was
here
to
stop,sigh
and
appreciate
the
view
(欣赏景色).(2017·天津卷,阅读理解)?
②She
learned
to
appreciate
life
(感恩人生)
rather
than
to
judge
everything
so
harshly(刻薄).?
③And
I’ll
appreciate
it
very
much
if
you
give
me
an
early
reply.
④Here
I
sincerely
express
my
appreciation
(appreciate)if
you
could
help
find
the
lost
suitcase.
⑤There
is
no
one
who
doesn’t
appreciate
being
called
(call)
by
name.?
-37-
考点必记
(1)appreciate
sb/sth欣赏;高度评价;理解
appreciate
(one’s)
doing
sth感激(某人)做某事
I
would
appreciate
it
if...如果……,我会感激不尽的。
(2)appreciation
n.欣赏;感激
in
appreciation
of欣赏;感激
用法点拨
(1)appreciate后接动词-ing形式。
(2)其后只能接“事”做宾语,而不能接“人”做宾语。
(3)其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句,需先接it做形式宾语,再接从句。
-38-
17.There
is
no
doubt
that毫无疑问
[教材原句]There
is
no
doubt
that
the
world
climate
has
been
changing
in
recent
years.毫无疑问,近几年世界气候在发生着变化。(P39)
语境巧练
单句填空
①Edwina
no
longer
had
doubts
about
what
had
happened
to
the
missing
money.
②It
was
only
then
that
I
began
to
have
doubts
whether/if
my
story
would
ever
be
told.
③There
is
no
doubt
that
she
will
keep
her
word.
-39-
考点必记
该句中that引导同位语从句。doubt用在否定句中,后面接that引导的同位语从句。
在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后面接that引导的从句。在肯定句中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的从句。
但是在肯定句中,doubt后面也可以接that引导的宾语从句,但表示疑虑较大或不相信。
-40-
18.absorb
vt.吸收;理解;使全神贯注
[教材原句]Last
but
not
least,you
can
plant
a
tree,because
trees
absorb
the
carbon
dioxide
in
the
air
to
produce
oxygen.最后但同样重要的一点是,你可以植树,因为树能够吸收空气中的二氧化碳,释放氧气。(P39)
-41-
语境巧练
写出句中absorb的含义
①However,when
something
did
interest
me,I
could
become
absorbed.(2016·北京卷,阅读理解)
全神贯注的
②They
absorbed
a
great
deal
of
Roman
culture.
吸收
③The
lecture
completely
absorbed
the
attention
of
the
audience.吸引
同义句改写
④He
was
so
absorbed
in
TV
that
he
forgot
to
sleep.(用过去分词短语做状语改写)
Absorbed
in
TV,he
forgot
to
sleep.?
-42-
考点必记
(1)absorbed
adj.被吸引的;一心一意的
be
absorbed
in全神贯注于……,专心于……
be
absorbed
by被……所吞没;被……所吸收
(2)absorption
n.吸收;专注
用法点拨
(1)absorb是及物动词,只能说absorb
sth或be
absorbed
in
sth。
(2)表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有:be
lost
in,be
buried
in,fix/focus
one’s
attention
on,devote...to,concentrate
one’s
mind
on,apply
oneself
to,be
addicted
to等。
-43-
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.If
lawyers’
rights
can’t
be
fully
protected,it
is
no
use
debating
(debate)
a
case
in
a
hearing.
2.A
new
bridge
is
under
construction
across
the
river
right
now.
3.He
gave
an
emotional
account
about
his
grandfather’s
life
during
the
war
and
the
extraordinary
measures
(measure)
he
had
taken
to
help
the
Chinese.
4.I
would
appreciate
it
,to
be
frank,if
the
goods
could
be
delivered
as
soon
as
possible.
5.I
was
cut
off
in
the
middle
of
my
call
because
I
had
no
more
coins
to
put
in
the
box.
6.Do
you
find
yourself
absorbed
(absorb)
into
the
small
screen
and
missing
out
much
of
the
beauty
of
a
“real”
life?
-44-
7.The
doctor
insisted
that
the
boy
who
was
seriously
ill
(should)
be
operated
(operate)
on
at
once.?
8.Bus
after
bus
passed
by
but
none
of
them
would
stop
to
pick
me
up.
9.A
recent
survey
shows
the
number
of
people
who
shop
in
stores
is
decreasing
(decrease),while
far
more
are
shopping
online.?
10.The
more
powerful
China
becomes,the
safer
(safe)
the
world
will
be.
-45-
Ⅱ.短语填空
cut
back
on,open
the
floor,with
regard
to,run
out
of,pick
out
1.We
have
run
out
of
time,so
we
must
end
the
meeting.?
2.Perhaps
you
can
help
me
pick
out
a
pair
of
jeans
now,since
you
are
an
expert.?
3.He
had
to
cut
back
on
expenses
when
his
father
was
out
of
work.?
4.This
concludes
our
presentation.Now
let’s
open
the
floor
for
questions.?
5.I
am
always
delighted
when
I
receive
an
email
from
you.
With
regard
to
the
party
on
July
1st,I
shall
be
pleased
to
attend.?
-46-
Ⅲ.单句改错
1.He
pick
up
the
phone
and
dialed
the
number.
pick→picked
2.I’d
appreciate
if
you
could
let
me
know
in
advance
whether
or
not
you
will
come.
appreciate后加it
3.Her
speech
made
a
good
impress
on
the
audience.
impress→impression
4.We
should
take
some
measure
to
solve
this
problem.
measure→measures
5.His
arrive
brought
complete
silence
to
the
room.
arrive→arrival
-47-
6.She
had
almost
reached
her
destination
when
something
arrest
her
attention.
arrest→arrested
7.It
was
shocking
that
the
mayor
was
arrested
after
he
took
office
for
little
than
a
year.
little→less
-48-
Ⅳ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.人们越来越有环保意识了。(aware)
2.为了减少环境污染,人们已经采取了一些措施。(cut
back
on)
3.为了减少二氧化碳的排放,人们开始放弃使用车辆,而是骑自行车出行。(let
off)
4.人们开始学着回收利用一些废弃物,倡导低碳生活。(recycle,low-carbon)
5.只有每个人都尽自己的一份责任,我们才能享有舒适的环境。(do
one’s
part)
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
-49-
People
become
more
and
more
aware
of
the
importance
of
environmental
protection.To
cut
back
on
the
pollution,people
have
taken
some
measures.People
ride
bikes
instead
of
using
vehicles
in
order
to
let
off
less
carbon
dioxide.Besides,people
learn
to
recycle
some
waste
and
call
on
each
other
to
live
a
low-carbon
life.Only
when
everyone
does
his
part
can
we
enjoy
a
comfortable
environment.限时规范练27
模块5
Unit
2
The
environment
A
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与科学、学习伟大科学家的思维意识
一、阅读理解
A
George
Washington
Carver
was
born
sometime
in
the
early
mid-1860s.A
sickly
child,Carver
was
unable
to
work
in
the
fields,so
he
did
gardening.He
was
left
with
many
free
hours
to
walk
in
the
woods—beginning
his
career
with
nature.He
soon
became
known
as
the
“Plant
Doctor”
and
would
help
friends
and
neighbors
manage
sick
plants.
In
1890,Carver
began
to
study
music
and
art
at
Simpson
College.His
artwork
was
on
show
at
the
1893
World’s
Fair.Painting
gave
him
the
chance
to
combine
his
two
loves—art
and
nature.Yet
it
was
his
talents
for
gardening
that
took
him
in
another
direction
in
1891.Carver
became
the
first
African-American
to
attend
what
is
today
Iowa
State
University.He
proved
to
be
a
first-class
student
and
upon
graduation
he
became
the
school’s
first
African-American
teacher.
In
1896,he
received
an
invitation
from
Tuskegee
Normal
and
Industrial
School
in
Tuskegee,Alabama.Upon
arriving,he
found
that
the
school
was
short
of
money
so
Dr.Carver
had
to
equip
his
own
lab.He
and
his
students
would
search
trash
heaps
(垃圾堆)
for
things
to
use.This
proved
that
Dr.Carver
was
well
ahead
of
his
time.
In
1916,he
published
a
research
report
on
peanuts,which
helped
many
farmers
turn
to
peanuts
as
a
cash
crop
and
saved
the
economy
of
the
South
when
it
was
destroyed
by
the
cotton
insects
attack.Carver
continued
his
research
with
the
peanut.He
went
on
to
find
many
uses
for
the
peanut.But
he
didn’t
invent
peanut
butter
(花生酱).
Dr.Carver’s
research
earned
him
much
worldwide
praise.Dr.George
Washington
Carver
died
on
January
5,1943,and
was
buried
at
Tuskegee.Carver
contributed
his
whole
life
savings
to
Tuskegee.Upon
his
death,Franklin
D.Roosevelt
gave
him
this
title
“an
inspiring
example
to
youth
everywhere”.
1.How
was
Carver’s
childhood?
A.He
dreamed
of
being
a
doctor.
B.He
grew
crops
in
the
fields.
C.He
enjoyed
good
health.
D.He
took
up
gardening.
2.How
was
Carver’s
performance
during
his
education?
A.Bad.
B.Strange.
C.Ordinary.
D.Excellent.
3.What
do
we
know
about
Carver’s
life
in
Tuskegee
Normal
and
Industrial
School?
A.He
was
well
paid
by
the
school.
B.He
relied
on
himself
to
build
his
lab.
C.He
saved
money
by
picking
up
trash.
D.He
published
his
findings
ahead
of
time.
B
In
the
past
few
weeks
Richard
Eckersley
has
noticed
a
change
in
people
who
come
into
his
shop.The
previous
Manchester
United
footballer,who
turned
his
back
on
the
game
to
set
up
the
UK’s
first
“zero
waste”
store
on
Totnes
High
Street
in
Devon,says
it
is
no
longer
only
environmentalists
who
came
in,looking
for
a
cleaner
way
to
shop.“A
lot
of
new
people
are
coming
in.We
are
getting
calls
every
week
from
around
the
country
from
people
wanting
to
set
up
something
similar
in
their
towns,”
says
Eckersley,who
set
up
the
Earth.Food.Love
shop
with
his
wife
Nicola
in
March
2017.
More
than
200
miles
away,Ingrid
Caldironi
shares
the
enthusiasm.She
set
up
the
plastic-free
Bulk
Market
in
east
London.“We
have
had
an
amazing
response,”
she
says.Eckersley
and
Caldironi
are
at
the
head
of
an
anti-plastic
movement
in
the
UK
that
has
been
fuelled
by
newspaper
investigations
including
TheGuardian’s
BottlingIt
series
and
TheBluePlanet
television
series.
But
their
enthusiasm
is
not
shared
by
big
supermarkets,which
have
no
interest
in
reducing
their
plastic
waste.“For
a
nation
of
shopkeepers
we
are
falling
behind
in
this
race,”
says
Sian
Sutherland,founder
of
the
campaign
A
Plastic
Planet
which
led
the
calls
for
plastic-free
goods
shelves.Wandering
through
supermarkets
where
everything
is
covered
in
plastic,Sutherland
says
action
rather
than
words
is
needed.Her
co-founder
Frederikke
Magnussen
explains
the
origins
of
their
campaign.“It
started
with
two
unreasonable
women
who
wanted
choice
—
and
supermarkets
are
all
about
choice,right?
I
can
buy
sugar-free,fat-free,African
food,Asian
food,yet
if
I
want
to
buy
plastic-free
it
is
impossible
for
me
to
do
so.”
Eckersley
says,“After
Willow,my
daughter,was
born,it
made
me
think
about
what
future
lies
ahead
for
her.I
wanted
to
say
that
I
at
least
tried,and
I
wanted
to
make
a
difference.”
4.What
has
happened
to
Richard
Eckersley’s
business?
A.It
has
spread
worldwide.
B.It
is
attracting
large
numbers
of
customers.
C.It
has
received
many
complaints
about
its
goods.
D.It
is
facing
fierce
competition
from
other
similar
stores.
5.What
do
we
know
about
Ingrid
Caldironi?
A.She
lost
money
on
her
business.
B.She
built
a
plastic-free
store
in
Devon.
C.She
had
little
interest
in
waste
reduction.
D.She
took
part
in
an
anti-plastic
movement.
6.How
have
big
supermarkets
reacted
to
the
plastic-free
idea?
A.They
are
giving
up
their
original
ideas.
B.They
are
offering
more
choice.
C.They
show
little
concern
for
it.
D.They
support
it.
7.What
led
to
the
campaign
A
Plastic
Planet?
A.Customers’
need
for
plastic-free
goods.
B.Plastic
coverings
in
supermarkets.
C.TheBluePlanet
television
series.
D.Richard
Eckersley’s
store.
二、七选五
From
the
time
my
kids
were
little
I
was
determined
to
teach
them
the
value
of
a
dollar. 1 If
they
didn’t
do
their
chores,they
didn’t
get
their
allowance
(零花钱).And
if
they
didn’t
have
money,they
couldn’t
buy
anything.It’s
kind
of
like
real
life.?
There
was
only
one
problem
—
me. 2 And
then,when
they
occasionally
would
want
to
buy
something
that
they
couldn’t
quite
afford,I
would
sometimes
let
them
borrow
from
the
next
week’s
allowance.But
then
I’d
forget
how
much
they’d
borrowed
and
we’d
end
up
arguing
about
just
how
much
I
owed
them. 3 ?
Obviously
I’m
not
alone
—
both
in
wanting
to
teach
my
kids
financial
responsibility
and
in
needing
help. 4 Gregg
Murset,a
financial
planner
who
has
six
kids
of
his
own,created
MyjobChart
—
a
website
that
helps
you
keep
track
of
the
jobs
your
kids
are
doing
and
determine
how
much
they’re
owed.?
5
My
22-year-old
daughter
recently
explained
how
her
emergency
fund,built
up
by
saving
financial
gifts
and
working
during
school,allowed
her
to
live
independently
while
continuing
her
education.?
So
perhaps
the
thing
to
remember
is
that
kids
learn
about
handling
money
from
their
parents.Save,spend
responsibly
and
try
to
explain
why
and
they
might
just
end
up
getting
the
message.
A.In
short,I
was
an
unsuccessful
banker.
B.It
is
helpful
in
teaching
my
kids
about
money.
C.I’d
forget
to
check
whether
they’d
completed
their
chores.
D.So
I
set
up
the
reward
system
and
record
their
required
chores.
E.The
kids
can
sign
in
and
record
when
they’ve
completed
their
work.
F.So
I
gave
them
chores
and
an
allowance
when
they
were
relatively
young.
G.Now
some
parents
working
on
technologies
have
come
up
with
ways
to
solve
this
problem.
三、语法填空
Climate
scientists
from
the
University
of
Sydney
in
Australia
say
tourism
causes
over
8%
of
greenhouse
gases.Their
study
looked
at
the
carbon
footprints
of
many
1.
(vary)
areas
of
tourism.Up
to
now,it
2.
(study)
the
CO2
emissions
from
transport,events,hotels,restaurants
3.
shopping.The
researchers
spent
18
months
carrying
out
the
research.They
researched
the
tourist
4.
(activity)
of
189
countries.Researcher
Dr
Arunima
Malik
said
her
team
analysed
the
influence
5.
the
environment
of
over
one
million
businesses
6.
(involve)
in
tourism.?
The
researchers
said
domestic
travel
was
a
7.
(big)
cause
of
CO2
emissions
than
international
or
business
travel.Air
travel
was
the
largest
part
of
tourism’s
footprints.The
researchers
said
flying
would
continue
to
increase
global
emissions
as
more
people
in
the
world
become
richer.The
countries
8.
(cause)
the
most
harm
are
the
biggest
and
richest
nations.The
USA,India
and
Germany
have
the
largest
tourism
carbon
footprints,in
9.
carbon
emissions
will
continue
to
increase
as
more
of
their
citizens
travel.The
researchers
encouraged
holiday-makers
and
travelers
10.
(try)
to
reduce
their
carbon
footprints
when
on
vacation
so
their
travel
causes
less
harm
to
the
planet.?
限时规范练27(模块五 Unit2A)
一、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了植物学家GeorgeWashingtonCarver的生平。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“hedidgardening”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver年少时料理花园。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Heprovedtobeafirst-classstudent”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver在学校表现出色。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Uponarriving,hefoundthattheschoolwasshortofmoneysoDr.Carverhadtoequiphisownlab”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver所在的学校没有足够的资金,因此他依靠自己的力量来建立实验室。
【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了Eckersley的环保商店以及很多像他一样的人为减少白色污染而做出的努力。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Alotofnewpeoplearecomingin”可知,RichardEckersley的商店吸引了众多消费者。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“EckersleyandCaldironiareattheheadofananti-plasticmovementintheUK”可知,Caldironi加入了抵制塑料制品的运动中。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Buttheirenthusiasmisnotsharedbybigsupermarkets,whichhavenointerestinreducingtheirplasticwaste”可知,大超市对抵制塑料制品的做法并不关心。
7.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Itstartedwithtwounreasonablewomenwhowantedchoice”可知,APlasticPlanet运动来源于顾客对无塑料制品的需求。
二、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。作者从孩子们小时候就开始帮他们树立正确的金钱观念和习惯,但起初因没有严密的记录系统而受阻,后来得益于MyjobChart这个网站,孩子们逐渐建立起自己独立、良好的金钱观。
1.F F项中的chores和allowance与设空处下文中的“Iftheydidn’tdotheirchores,theydidn’tgettheirallowance”相呼应。
2.C 根据设空处上文中的problem和下文中的forget可知,作者忘记检查孩子们是否完成了家务,C项符合语境。
3.A 设空处处于段落末尾,通常为总结性的陈述。A项“Inshort,Iwasanunsuccessfulbanker”是对自己的总结,符合此处的结构和语义。
4.G 根据设空处上文中的“I’mnotalone”以及下文中的“GreggMurset,afinancialplannerwhohassixkidsofhisown,createdMyjobChart”可知,作者的困难也是大多数家长遇到的问题,为了解决该问题,一位金融策划人士为自己的六个孩子开发了一个记录家务详情的网站。故G项符合此处语境。
5.B 根据设空处下文中“allowedhertoliveindependentlywhilecontinuinghereducation”可知,这个网站对孩子们很有益处,故B项符合此处语境。
三、1.various/varied 考查形容词做定语的用法。设空处做定语修饰areas,意为“不同的”,故填various/varied。
2.has
studied 考查时态。由前面的Uptonow可知,应用现在完成时,故填hasstudied。
3.and 考查连词。设空处在此表示“和”,故填and。
4.activities 考查名词复数。activity是可数名词且在此表泛指,故填名词复数形式activities。
5.on/upon 考查介词。influence常与on/upon连用,表示“对……的影响”。
6.involved 考查过去分词做定语的用法。businesses后跟定语,又因为involve与businesses之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且involve所表示的动作已完成,故填involved。
7.bigger 考查形容词比较级。由后面的than可知,应用形容词比较级,故填bigger。
8.causing 考查动词-ing形式做定语的用法。countries后跟定语,又因为countries与cause之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故填causing。
9.which 考查关系代词。设空处与前面的in一起引导非限制性定语从句,补充说明TheUSA,IndiaandGermany,且做in的宾语,故填which。
10.to
try 考查不定式做补语的用法。encouragesbtodosth意为“鼓励某人做某事”。
1限时规范练28
模块5
Unit
2
The
environment
B
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与自然、保护环境的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
Children
from
four
Buckinghamshire
primary
schools
visited
Epilepsy
Society
to
plant
a
hedge
(树篱)
as
part
of
a
Plant-for-the-Planet
project.The
children
from
these
schools
were
planting
a
hedge
in
the
garden
of
the
Queen
Elizabeth
House
at
the
charity
in
Chalfont
St
Peter.Plant-for-the-Planet
gives
children
across
the
globe
the
opportunity
to
learn
about
the
threats
of
global
warming
to
the
environment,and
then
put
their
new
knowledge
into
practice
as
they
plant
new
trees.
The
day
was
organised
by
Bob
Sherren
who
showed
the
children
how
to
plant
the
planet-friendly
line
of
trees
in
protective
chambers
(防护室)
to
shield
them
from
hungry
wildlife
as
they
settle
in
their
roots.Bob
said,“The
day
really
was
‘Thinking
Globally,Acting
Locally’
put
into
action.The
children
learned
about
the
importance
of
planting
trees
as
a
way
of
helping
to
bring
about
climate
justice
for
many
living
in
poorer
nations
and
of
course
enjoyed
planting
the
trees
too.”
The
eventual
hedge,which
will
grow
to
full
size
over
ten
years
behind
the
Queen
Elizabeth
House,is
made
up
of
trees
such
as
oaks,silver
birches
and
so
on.
Bob
added,“The
children
were
also
able
to
help
people
living
at
Epilepsy
Society
because
they
will
gain
some
well-needed
privacy
from
the
hedge
in
time.The
natural
wildlife
benefits
too
from
the
fruits
and
nuts
that
a
hedge
made
from
native
species
can
provide
as
well
as
the
possibility
for
any
number
of
nesting
sites.”
Emma
Darlington,Epilepsy
Society’s
volunteer
officer,said,“I
think
it’s
so
important
to
encourage
the
younger
generation
that
the
future
is
in
their
hands
and
that
they
can
make
a
difference,whether
it
is
through
taking
part
in
projects
like
this
or
spreading
awareness.We
hope
they
learn
a
little
bit
about
the
work
we
do
at
Epilepsy
Society
too
—
the
trees
they
planted
will
be
enjoyed
by
everyone
here
for
years
to
come.”
1.What
is
the
purpose
of
the
Plant-for-the-Planet
project?
A.To
help
children
learn
more
about
society.
B.To
offer
children
colourful
after-school
activities.
C.To
raise
children’s
awareness
of
global
warming.
D.To
teach
children
how
to
protect
natural
wildlife.
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“shield”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
mean?
A.Separate.
B.Take.
C.Get.
D.Protect.
3.How
did
Bob
Sherren
feel
after
organising
this
activity?
A.Tired.
B.Proud.
C.Discouraged.
D.Peaceful.
4.What
can
we
learn
from
Emma
Darlington’s
words
in
the
last
paragraph?
A.She
hopes
to
popularise
volunteering
work.
B.She
tries
to
drive
the
children
to
study
hard.
C.She
expects
the
children
to
take
positive
action.
D.She
believes
the
younger
generation
is
promising.
B
Sam
is
a
fourth-year
student
at
Harvard
Medical
School,but
poetry
is
still
a
big
part
of
her
life,now
with
a
new
teacher
who
believes
poetry
can
benefit
every
doctor’s
education
and
work,Rafael
Campo.Rafael
is
a
doctor,professor
and
a
highly
respected
poet.
“Poetry
is
in
every
encounter
(邂逅)
with
my
patients.I
think
healing
really
in
a
very
great
way
is
about
poetry.And
if
we
do
anything
when
we’re
with
our
patients,we’re
really
losing
ourselves
in
their
stories,really
hearing
their
voices.And,certainly,that’s
what
a
poem
does,”
he
said.
Campo
worries
that
something
important
has
been
lost
in
medicine
and
medical
education
today:humanity,which
he
finds
in
poetry.To
end
that,he
leads
a
weekly
reading
and
writing
workshop
for
medical
students
and
residents
(住院医生).
He
thinks
medical
training
focuses
too
much
on
distancing
the
doctor
from
his
or
her
patients,and
poems
can
help
close
that
gap.
Third-year
resident
Andrea
Schwartz
was
one
of
the
workshop
regulars.She
said,“I
think
there’s
no
other
profession
other
than
medicine
that
produces
as
many
writers
as
it
does.And
I
think
that
is
because
there’s
just
so
much
power
in
doctors
and
patients
interacting
when
patients
are
at
their
saddest.”
Not
everyone
believes
that’s
what
doctors
should
do,though.
Rafael
said,“I
was
afraid
of
how
people
might
judge
me,actually.In
the
medical
profession,as
many
people
know,we
must
always
put
the
emergency
first.But,you
know,that
kind
of
treatment,if
it’s
happening
in
the
hospital,very
regrettably,sadly,results
in
a
bad
outcome.The
family
is
sitting
by
the
bedside.The
patient
hasn’t
survived
the
cancer.Don’t
we
still
have
a
role
as
healers
there?”
In
a
poem
titled
“Health”,Campo
writes
of
the
wish
to
live
forever
in
a
world
made
painless
by
our
incurable
joy.He
says
he
will
continue
teaching
students,helping
patients
and
writing
poems,his
own
brand
of
medicine.
5.What
do
we
know
about
Rafael
Campo?
A.He
works
as
a
doctor.
B.He
is
under
medical
care.
C.He
is
a
literature
professor.
D.He
knows
little
about
poetry.
6.What
does
the
author
try
to
show
in
Paragraph
2?
A.The
importance
of
medical
training.
B.The
effect
of
poetry
in
medical
treatment.
C.The
similarity
involved
in
poetry
and
medical
work.
D.The
present
relationship
between
patients
and
doctors.
7.What
does
Andrea
Schwartz
think
of
poetry?
A.It
comforts
patients’
family.
B.It
contributes
to
medical
work.
C.It
has
nothing
to
do
with
doctors.
D.It
keeps
doctors
away
from
patients.
8.What
is
Rafael
Campo’s
view
on
poetry?
A.It
requires
a
lot
of
spare
time.
B.It
can
provide
a
useful
tool
for
doctors.
C.It
has
little
effect
on
patients’
conditions.
D.It
should
be
included
in
emergency
treatments.
二、完形填空
This
is
a
real
story
about
an
old
man
in
China.Sixty-three-year-old
Zhuang
Guorong
is
a
1
rural
primary
school
art
teacher,who
has
had
a
life
of
2
for
more
than
40
years.?
Every
year,the
strong,younger-than-his-actual-age
pensioner
goes
to
“the
farmers’
home”
of
Chenyang
Community
to
paint
or 3
other
villagers
how
to
4 .?
“The
farmers’
home”,a
public
building, 5
the
venue
(聚集地点)
for
a
branch
of
the
Sheyang
Farmers
Painting
Institute.?
The
institute
is
a
government
6
cultural
organization
in
Sheyang
County,in
the
north
of
Jiangsu
Province,east
China.?
Zhuang
works
at
the
7
part
time,and
each
year
he
8
up
to
ten
paintings,which
are
then
9
by
the
local
government.?
He 10
around
5,000
yuan—
that’s
about
740
US
dollars
—
a
year
by
doing
this
11 .?
As
well
as
earning
himself
some
money,Zhuang
says
the
job
gives
him
an
opportunity
to 12
his
views
of
life
to
his
fellow
countrymen, 13
the
elderly.?
“This
painting
is
about
a
nursing
home.We
now
live
in
a(n) 14
society.We
can
no
longer
15 the
traditional
way
of
taking
care
of
our
elderly
just
with
our
children
doing
it. 16 ,professional
nursing
homes
are
17
for
elderly
people’s
welfare.?
“In
this
painting,I
described
a
18
of
young
people
celebrating
the
birthday
of
a
senior
citizen.The
19
I
want
to
convey
is
that
life
in
one’s
later
years
can
still
be
happy.And
all
of
my
paintings
are
like
this
one
—
based
on
our
20
lives.”?
1.A.smart
B.famous
C.strict
D.retired
2.A.painting
B.writing
C.farming
D.designing
3.A.ask
B.teach
C.examine
D.answer
4.A.exercise
B.communicate
C.learn
D.draw
5.A.belongs
to
B.looks
like
C.serves
as
D.stands
for
6.A.decorated
B.supported
C.controlled
D.reported
7.A.school
B.office
C.village
D.institute
8.A.creates
B.collects
C.copies
D.exhibits
9.A.published
B.put
up
C.bought
D.handed
in
10.A.charges
B.makes
C.spends
D.donates
11.A.test
B.talking
C.work
D.research
12.A.give
B.offer
C.send
D.express
13.A.especially
B.similarly
C.equally
D.generally
14.A.free
B.open
C.ageing
D.technological
15.A.ask
for
B.rely
on
C.think
of
D.turn
down
16.A.However
B.Instead
C.Besides
D.Therefore
17.A.important
B.practical
C.difficult
D.unusual
18.A.dream
B.story
C.scene
D.photo
19.A.example
B.message
C.experience
D.topic
20.A.real
B.different
C.normal
D.sad
三、短文改错
I
took
a
short
flight
the
other
day
and
offered
an
in-flight
sandwich,which
I
took,known
I
wouldn’t
eat
it
because
it
contained
meat.I
took
it
thinking
that
late
that
day
I
might
come
across
a
homeless
person,for
who
this
sandwich
might
be
his
only
meal.Then
I
do
find
a
homeless
man
with
his
dog
Bella
by
a
chance.After
opening
the
sandwich,he
shared
half
with
Bella.Seeing
he
ate
it
hungry,I
emptied
our
bag
of
all
the
treats
and
food
I
had.I
also
went
to
a
store
to
buying
him
a
large
cup
of
coffee.Kind
is
such
a
simple
thing
for
us
to
do,yet
for
the
receiver,it
can
be
life-changing.
限时规范练28(模块五 Unit2B)
一、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。来自Buckinghamshire四所小学的学生参加Plant-for-the-Planet项目的种树活动,为遏制全球变暖贡献自己的一份力量。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Plant-for-the-Planetgiveschildrenacrosstheglobetheopportunitytolearnaboutthethreatsofglobalwarmingtotheenvironment”可知,该项目的目的是提升孩子们对全球变暖的认识。
2.D 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“planttheplanet-friendlylineoftreesinprotectivechambers”可知,将树种在保护室的目的是保护树免遭饥饿的动物破坏。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Bobsaid,‘Theday...enjoyedplantingthetreestoo.’”可推断,Bob对组织这次活动感到自豪。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ithinkit’ssoimportantto...spreadingawareness”可知,她期望孩子们能有所作为,积极参与到应对全球变暖的行动中。
【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。诗歌不只是文人墨客的专属,它还为前赴后继的医护人员带来内心的慰藉,它是医护工作中的润滑剂,是治愈伤痛的“良药”。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Rafaelisadoctor”可知答案。
6.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Poetryisineveryencounterwithmypatients”和“that’swhatapoemdoes”可知,作者想通过第二段表达诗歌和医护工作的相通之处。
7.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“AndIthinkthatisbecausethere’sjustsomuchpowerindoctorsandpatientsinteracting”可知,AndreaSchwartz认为诗歌有助于医生和病人之间的互动。
8.B 推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容特别是末段中的“hisownbrandofmedicine”可知,RafaelCampo认为诗歌对医生来说是一个有用的工具。
二、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。63岁的老人退休后在政府资助的“农民之家”教村民作画,他的画作内容反映了中国老龄化社会的养老场景,传达了老人也可以快乐生活的思想。
1.D 由上文中的“Sixty-three-year-old”和下文中的pensioner可知,庄国荣是一位“退休的(retired)”小学美术老师。
2.A 由上文中的artteacher以及下文的描述可知,庄国荣的“绘画(painting)”生涯超过40年。
3.B 由文中的描述可知,庄国荣去陈洋社区的“农民之家”作画或“教(teach)”其他村民如何“画画(draw)”。
4.D 见上一题解析。
5.C 由上下文的描述可知,“农民之家”“充当(servesas)”射阳农民绘画机构的一个分支点。
6.B 该机构是由政府“支持(supported)”的文化组织。
7.D 由上文中的“SheyangFarmersPaintingInstitute”和“Theinstituteisagovernment...culturalorganization”可知,庄国荣在该“机构(institute)”兼职。
8.A 由该空后的tenpaintings可知,他每年“创作(creates)”的画作多达十幅。
9.C 由下文中的5,000yuan可知,这些画作被当地政府“购买(bought)”了。
10.B 由文中的“5,000yuan”,“about740USdollars”以及下文中的“earninghimselfsomemoney”可知,他做这份“工作(work)”每年能“挣(makes)”大概五千元。
11.C 见上一题解析。
12.D 由文中的“hisviewsoflifetohisfellowcountrymen”可知,不仅能挣钱,这份工作还给了庄国荣一次机会向他的老乡们“表达(express)”他对生活的看法,“尤其是(especially)”告诉老人们该如何生活。
13.A 见上一题解析。
14.C 由下文中的“takingcareofourelderly”可知,我们生活在一个“老龄化的(ageing)”社会。
15.B 我们不能只“依靠(relyon)”传统的方法来照顾老人,即只依靠孩子们来赡养老人。
16.D 上下文之间表示因果关系,故用“因此(Therefore)”。
17.A 由文中的描述可知,专业的养老院对于改善老人的福利是“很重要的(important)”。
18.C 由下文中的“youngpeoplecelebratingthebirthdayofaseniorcitizen”可知,这是庄国荣描绘的一幅“场景(scene)”。
19.B 由下文中的“wanttoconveyisthatlifeinone’slateryearscanstillbehappy”可知,庄国荣想要传递的“信息(message)”是“老年生活依然可以是快乐的”。
20.A 由文中的描述可知,庄国荣的画作都是基于“真实的(real)”生活而创作的。
三、第一句:offered前加was;known→knowing
第二句:late→later;who→whom
第三句:do→did;去掉第二个a
第五句:hungry→hungrily;our→my
第六句:buying→buy
第七句:Kind→Kindness
1
