课时作业7
Unit
7 The
Sea
课时练(一) 阅读理解·组块专练——练速度
(限时：35分钟)
阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
[2020·唐山质量检测]
The
UK's
Best
Theme
Parks
Drayton
Manor
Theme
Park,
Staffordshire
The
new
Tamarin
Trail
takes
adventurers
through
beautiful
gardens,
allowing
kids
and
adults
to
come
face?to?face
with
a
troop
of
monkeys.
The
park
is
also
home
to
Europe's
only
Thomas
Land,
which
last
year
underwent
a
￡
2.5m
expansion,
including
new
rides.
There
are
thrilling
rides,
including
the
stand?up
roller
coaster,
Shockwave,
and
the
54?metre
drop
tower,
Apocalypse.
Adults
from
￡
15,
children
from
￡
10(under?2s
free)．
Thorpe
Park,
Surrey
All
aboard
Derren
Brown's
Ghost
Train
which
opened
in
July
2016.
This
10－
15
minute
train
journey
includes
exciting
live?action
performances,
4D
special
effects
and
so
on.
Also
new
is
“I'm
a
Celebrity...
Maze
(迷宫)”，
and
there
are
some
of
the
highest
and
fastest
rides
in
Europe
here
too.
Adults
from￡
28,
children
from
￡
24
(under?3s
free)．
Warwick
Castle,
Warwickshire
Although
not
officially
a
theme
park,
this
medieval
castle
offers
history,
magic,
myth
and
adventure
to
suit
all
ages,
and
is
now
home
to
the
UK's
first
fully
interactive
and
multi?sensory
Horrible
Histories
Maze,
giving
visitors
a
fascinating
experience
of
getting
lost
in
time.
From
July,
you
can
sleep
over
in
the
new
riverside
Middle?Ages?themed
woodland
cottages
of
Knight's
Village.
From￡
31(under?3s
free)．
Chessington
World
of
Adventures,
Surrey
Following
the
Pandemonium
live
show
in
2016,
last
year
saw
The
Gruffalo
River
Ride
Adventure
open
at
Chessington,
which
has
over
40
rides
and
attractions.
Rides
include
Dragon
Falls,
Safari
Skyway,
Toadies
Crazy
Cars
and
Runaway
Train.
From￡
29
(under?3s
free)．
1．Where
are
animal?loving
children
probably
advised
to
go?
A．Warwick
Castle.
B．Thorpe
Park.
C．Drayton
Manor
Theme
Park.
D．Chessington
World
of
Adventures.
2．How
much
should
a
couple
with
their
two?year?old
son
pay
at
least
in
Thorpe
Park?
A．￡
56. B．￡
52.
C．￡
40.
D．￡
30.
3．What
do
the
parks
have
in
common?
A．Children
should
be
accompanied
by
adults.
B．They
have
all
been
rebuilt
before
reopening.
C．They
all
offer
exciting
rides
in
the
parks.
D．Certain
kids
have
free
entry
to
the
parks.
B
[2019·全国卷Ⅰ]As
data
and
identity
theft
becomes
more
and
more
common,
the
market
is
growing
for
biometric
(生物测量)
technologies
—
like
fingerprint
scans
—
to
keep
others
out
of
private
e?spaces.
At
present,
these
technologies
are
still
expensive,
though.
Researchers
from
Georgia
Tech
say
that
they
have
come
up
with
a
low?cost
device
(装置)
that
gets
around
this
problem:
a
smart
keyboard.
This
smart
keyboard
precisely
measures
the
cadence
(节奏)
with
which
one
types
and
the
pressure
fingers
apply
to
each
key.
The
keyboard
could
offer
a
strong
layer
of
security
by
analyzing
things
like
the
force
of
a
user's
typing
and
the
time
between
key
presses.
These
patterns
are
unique
to
each
person.
Thus,
the
keyboard
can
determine
people's
identities,
and
by
extension,
whether
they
should
be
given
access
to
the
computer
it's
connected
to
—
regardless
of
whether
someone
gets
the
password
right.
It
also
doesn't
require
a
new
type
of
technology
that
people
aren't
already
familiar
with.
Everybody
uses
a
keyboard
and
everybody
types
differently.
In
a
study
describing
the
technology,
the
researchers
had
100
volunteers
type
the
word“touch”four
times
using
the
smart
keyboard.
Data
collected
from
the
device
could
be
used
to
recognize
different
participants
based
on
how
they
typed,
with
very
low
error
rates.
The
researchers
say
that
the
keyboard
should
be
pretty
straightforward
to
commercialize
and
is
mostly
made
of
inexpensive,
plastic?like
parts.
The
team
hopes
to
make
it
to
market
in
the
near
future.
4．Why
do
the
researchers
develop
the
smart
keyboard?
A．To
reduce
pressure
on
keys.
B．To
improve
accuracy
in
typing.
C．To
replace
the
password
system.
D．To
cut
the
cost
of
e?space
protection.
5．What
makes
the
invention
of
the
smart
keyboard
possible?
A．Computers
are
much
easier
to
operate.
B．Fingerprint
scanning
techniques
develop
fast.
C．Typing
patterns
vary
from
person
to
person.
D．Data
security
measures
are
guaranteed.
6．What
do
the
researchers
expect
of
the
smart
keyboard?
A．It'll
be
environment?friendly.
B．It'll
reach
consumers
soon.
C．It'll
be
made
of
plastics.
D．It'll
help
speed
up
typing.
7．Where
is
this
text
most
likely
from?
A．A
diary.
B．A
guidebook.
C．A
novel.
D．A
magazine.
C
[2020·武昌区调研]Historians
and
archaeologists
have
defined
periods
of
human
history
for
centuries
by
the
technologies
or
materials
that
made
the
greatest
impact
on
society.
This
includes
the
Stone
Age,
the
Bronze
Age,
and
the
Iron
Age.
But
what
age
are
we
in
now?
That
question
can
be
answered
with
one
word
for
some
researchers.
Plastics.
“Plastic
has
redefined
our
material
culture
and
the
artifacts
we
leave
behind.
It
will
be
found
in
stratified
(分层的)
layers
in
our
trash
deposits
(沉积层)．”
That's
according
to
John
Marston,
an
archaeologist.
The
wide
variety
of
synthetic
polymers
(合成聚合物)
would
not
exist
if
it
weren't
for
human
action.
About
six
billion
tons
of
plastics
have
been
made
and
spread
around
the
planet.
They
have
been
spread
from
forests
to
oceans
ever
since
the
first
plastic
polymers
were
invented.
Plastics
are
one
of
the
most
significant
changes
that
humans
have
made
to
the
Earth's
makeup.
Most
plastics
don't
easily
degrade.
This
only
adds
to
the
problem.
Recycling
isn't
an
adequate
solution.
Not
all
types
of
plastic
are
easily
recyclable.
And
there
are
only
a
few
recycling
plants
that
can
process
all
varieties
of
plastic.
According
to
Debra
Winter,
writer
for
The
Atlantic,
this
means
that
many
of
the
materials
thrown
into
recycling
bins
can
cross
the
planet
several
times
before
they
are
processed.
They
are
made
into
rugs,
sweaters,
or
they
are
used
to
make
other
bottles.
Millions
of
tons
of
plastics
are
recycled
every
year,
but
millions
more
end
up
in
landfills
or
the
ocean.
The
problem
has
reached
the
point
where
it's
possible
that
in
just
a
few
decades
there
might
be
more
plastic
in
the
world's
oceans
than
fishes.
“Plastics
have
a
supposed
lifespan
of
over
500
years,
so
it's
safe
to
say
that
every
plastic
bottle
you
have
used
exists
somewhere
on
this
planet,
in
some
form
or
another，”
Winter
writes.
The
damage
may
already
be
done.
It
may
be
too
late
for
human
populations
worldwide
to
change
their
plastic
using
ways.
So
the
Plastic
Age
might
soon
take
its
place
next
to
the
Bronze
Age
and
the
Iron
Age
in
the
history
of
human
civilization.
8．Why
do
people
call
our
age
the
Plastic
Age?
A．Because
plastics
are
not
naturally
made.
B．Because
humans
create
plastics.
C．Because
plastics
influence
the
world
greatly.
D．Because
historians
and
archaeologists
think
so.
9．According
to
the
passage,
how
are
most
plastics
dealt
with
currently?
A．They
are
recycled.
B．They
are
degraded.
C．They
are
thrown
away.
D．They
are
made
into
bottles.
10．What
is
the
author's
attitude
to
the
Plastic
Age?
A．Negative.
B．Ambiguous.
C．Favorable.
D．Unconcerned.
11．What
is
the
main
idea
of
this
passage?
A．Plastics
have
ruined
our
environment.
B．We
must
stop
using
plastics
altogether.
C．Human
beings
are
in
the
Plastic
Age.
D．Plastics
are
significant
to
human
development.
D
[2020·海南五校一模]Engineers
have
put
a
huge
garbage
collector
to
gather
plastic
material
in
the
Pacific
Ocean
between
California
and
Hawaii,
the
world's
largest
spread
of
garbage,
twice
the
size
of
the
state
of
Texas.
The
Ocean
Cleanup
organization
created
the
collector.
The
group's
founder,
Boyan
Slat,
an
inventor
born
in
1994,
was
just
16
when
he
was
moved
to
clean
up
the
oceans
when
he
was
on
a
dive
and
saw
more
plastic
bags
than
fish.
Last
Saturday,
a
ship
pulling
the
pipe?shaped
floating
barrier
left
San
Francisco.
Attached
to
it
is
a
screening
skirt
that
hangs
three
meters
down
in
the
water.
The
screen
is
designed
to
collect
the
plastic
as
it
moves
through
the
water.
Sea
animals
can
safely
swim
under
the
barrier.
The
cleanup
system
also
comes
with
lights
powered
by
the
sun,
cameras,
and
other
special
devices
(设备),
so
the
system
can
communicate
its
position
at
all
times.
That
way
a
support
ship
can
find
it
every
few
months
to
remove
the
plastic
that
has
been
collected.
Shipping
containers
will
hold
all
the
plastic
gathered,
including
bottles
and
fishing
equipment
and
are
expected
to
be
back
on
land
within
a
year.
Then
the
plastic
will
be
recycled.
The
free?floating
barriers
are
made
to
survive
extreme
weather
conditions
and
damage
from
continual
use.
They
will
stay
in
the
water
for
twenty
years,
thus
collecting
90%
of
the
garbage
in
the
area.
The
Ocean
Cleanup
has
received
$35
million
in
donations
to
pay
for
the
project,
hoping
to
put
60
free?floating
barriers
in
the
Pacific
Ocean
by
2020.“It's
important
to
turn
off
the
taps
on
plastic
entering
the
ocean,
but
I
also
think
people
can
do
more
than
one
thing
at
a
time
to
deal
with
this
problem，”
Slat
said.
12．What
drove
Slat
to
invent
the
collector?
A．The
interest
in
invention.
B．His
failure
to
dive
due
to
rubbish.
C．The
sight
of
too
many
plastic
bags.
D．His
knowledge
of
garbage
in
the
Pacific
Ocean.
13．How
does
the
floating
barrier
work?
A．It
reaches
into
the
water
to
collect
the
plastic.
B．It
has
large
containers
to
produce
power.
C．It
forms
barriers
to
protect
sea
animals.
D．A
ship
drags
it
along
in
the
ocean.
14．Which
does
the
underlined
word
“it”
in
paragraph
4
refer
to?
A．The
support
ship.
B．The
floating
barrier.
C．The
plastic
to
be
recycled.
D．The
position
of
special
devices.
15．What
is
important
for
protecting
the
ocean
according
to
Slat?
A．Sending
more
collectors
into
the
ocean.
B．Inventing
more
ocean
cleanup
devices.
C．Stopping
plastic
from
entering
the
ocean.
D．Banning
the
use
of
plastic
bags
in
boats.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]Imagine
a
child
standing
on
a
diving
board
four
feet
high
and
asking
himself
the
question:
“Should
I
jump？”
This
is
what
motivation
or
the
lack
of
it
can
do.
Motivation
and
goal
setting
are
the
two
sides
of
the
same
coin.
__1__
Like
the
child
on
the
diving
board,
you
will
stay
undecided.
__2__
More
than
that,
how
should
you
stay
motivated
to
achieve
the
goal?
First,
you
need
to
evaluate
yourself,
your
values,
your
strengths,
your
weaknesses,
your
achievements,
your
desires,
etc.
Only
then
should
you
set
your
goals.
You
also
need
to
judge
the
quality
and
depth
of
your
motivation.
This
is
quite
important,
because
it
is
directly
related
to
your
commitment.
There
are
times
when
your
heart
is
not
in
your
work.
__3__
So,
slow
down
and
think
what
you
really
want
to
do
at
that
moment.
Clarity(清晰)of
thoughts
can
help
you
move
forward.
Another
way
of
setting
realistic
goals
is
to
analyze
your
short
and
long
term
objectives,
keeping
in
mind
your
beliefs,
values
and
strengths.
Remember
that
goals
are
flexible.
__4__
They
also
need
to
be
measurable.
You
must
keep
these
points
in
mind
while
setting
your
goals.
Your
personal
circumstances
are
equally
important.
For
example,
you
may
want
to
be
a
pilot
but
can't
become
one
because
your
eyesight
is
not
good
enough.
__5__
You
should
reassess
your
goals,
and
motivate
yourself
to
set
a
fresh
goal.
You
will
surely
need
to
overcome
some
difficulties,
some
planned,
but
most
unplanned.
You
cannot
overcome
them
without
ample
motivation.
Make
sure
that
you
plan
for
these
difficulties
at
the
time
of
setting
your
goals.
A．This
can
affect
your
work.
B．So
how
should
you
motivate
yourself?
C．However,
this
should
not
discourage
you.
D．So
why
should
we
try
to
set
specific
goals?
E．They
can
change
according
to
circumstances.
F．Motivation
is
what
you
need
most
to
do
a
good
job.
G．Without
motivation,
you
can
neither
set
a
goal
nor
reach
it.
课时练(二) 语言知识运用·组块专练——练准度
(限时：30分钟)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2020·福建省泉州市质量检查]When
you
think
of
friends,
you
often
think
of
those
who
accompany
you
for
a
long
time.
But
there
is
another
kind
of
__1__
—
one
that
does
not
unfold
over
a
__2__
period
of
time
but
springs
entirely
from
a
particular
__3__.
In
my
eighth
grade,
I
had
a
friend
called
Jenny.
I
__4__
to
stay
at
her
farmhouse
with
cats
and
dogs.
Eighth
grade
was
a
terrible
year.
We
both
__5__
it,
but
we
didn't
talk
about
it.
On
cold
winter
days,
she
__6__
me
how
she
lied
on
her
pony
Redwing's
back.
Then
we
would
__7__
on
long
journey,
riding
and
walking.
She
left
in
ninth
grade
and
I
__8__
her.
We
had
gotten
each
other
through
a
__9__
time.
Anyone
with
children
knows
the
rapid
friendships
formed
with
parallel
parents.
To
Julie,
I
will
be
forever
__10__.
We
met
on
a
__11__
in
New
Jersey.
Her
twin
boys
were
about
the
same
__12__
as
my
daughter.
She
lived
in
the
beach
town.
I
lived
alone
with
my
__13__
a
block
away.
My
husband
had
left
for
North
Dakota,
leaving
me
to
__14__
out
what
to
do
next.
Now,
__15__，
there
was
someone
I
could
talk
to.
For
the
next
weeks,
we
met
at
the
beach,
and
I
would
go
__16__
with
her
so
that
the
__17__
could
go
on
playing.
The
normal
state
of
her
little
home
__18__
my
broken
heart.
Such
friends
as
these
often
__19__
when
your
own
life
is
off
balance;
they
__20__
you
till
the
world
settled
on
its
axis
(轴)
once
again.
1．A.classmate
B．friendship
C．marriage
D．neighbor
2．A.brief
B．special
C．consistent
D．long
3．A.custom
B．festival
C．ceremony
D．moment
4．A.loved
B．tended
C．attempted
D．demanded
5．A.overlooked
B．knew
C．forgot
D．preserved
6．A.inspired
B．required
C．consulted
D．showed
7．A.go
out
B．make
up
C．slow
down
D．fall
behind
8．A.followed
B．admired
C．missed
D．forgave
9．A.cheerful
B．difficult
C．grand
D．decisive
10．A.reliable
B．merciful
C．generous
D．grateful
11．A.beach
B．farm
C．playground
D．square
12．A.size
B．intelligence
C．age
D．weight
13．A.daughter
B．husband
C．sister
D．parents
14．A.turn
B．puzzle
C．point
D．carry
15．A.punctually
B．ridiculously
C．suddenly
D．theoretically
16．A.home
B．downtown
C．shopping
D．swimming
17．A.adolescents
B．boys
C．children
D．girls
18．A.ached
B．hardened
C．comforted
D．bled
19．A.withdraw
B．arrive
C．disappear
D．gather
20．A.recommended
B．promoted
C．tolerated
D．supported
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2020·衡水中学高三考试]Blue
whales
are
not
fish!
They
are
marine
mammals.
This
means
they
are
warm?blooded
and
the
females
produce
milk
__1__
(feed)
their
babies.
__2__
(have)
the
honor
of
being
the
world's
largest
animal,
adult
blue
whales
can
grow
to
30
meters
long,
with
the
female
usually
a
little
longer
than
the
male,
__3__
(weigh)
about
170
tons.
These
sea
creatures
have
some
huge
body
__4__
(part).
Their
hearts,
for
example,
are
about
1.5
meters
long,
1.2
meters
wide
and
1.5
meters
tall.
Their
tongues
weigh
about
2.7
tons
—
the
weight
of
a
small
elephant.
Not
__5__
(surprising),
blue
whales
have
large
appetites.
__6__
is
usual
for
a
blue
whale
to
eat
fish
in
large
quantities
—
around
40
million
in
a
day.
In
the
past,
blue
whales
were
hunted
__7__
their
meat
and
their
oil.
Whaling
was
a
primary
industry
in
Australia
in
the
nineteenth
and
early
__8__
(twenty)
centuries
but
whaling
in
Australia
__9__
(limit)
in
1987.
Today,
most
countries
strongly
disapprove
of
whaling,
including
the
very
country
—
Australia
__10__
now
supports
an
anti?whaling
policy.
课时练(三) 写作强化增分·组块专练——练规范
(限时：35分钟)
写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
[2020·武汉调研]There
may
be
two
mainly
reasons
for
the
popularity
of
English
in
China
in
recent
year:
the
economic
reform
and
the
open
policy.
With
the
development
of
international
trade
and
cooperation,
English
as
the
international
language
play
a
more
and
more
important
role.
The
demand
for
people
known
English
is
increasing.
The
labor
market
needs
you
to
do
business
with
foreign
companies,
to
open
foreign
markets,
and
to
learn
to
use
up
advanced
technology
from
abroad.
They
are
also
needed
to
participate
international
affairs.
University
students
who
English
level
is
high
are
easily
employed
and
well
pay.
This
encourages
people
to
learn
English.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
[2020·贵阳监测]假定你是李华，请根据以下提示给你的英国朋友Tom写一封邮件，介绍一下你校运动俱乐部(Sports
Club)的活动情况，内容包括：
1．活动时间和地点；
2．活动内容；
3．你的感受。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
课时作业7
课时练(一)
阅读理解
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。英国有许多著名的主题公园，本文就向大家介绍了其中的四个主题公园。
1．C 考查细节理解。根据第一则广告的首句“The
new
Tamarin
Trail
takes
adventurers
through
beautiful
gardens,
allowing
kids
and
adults
to
come
face?to?face
with
a
troop
of
monkeys.”我们可以知道，Drayton
Manor
Theme
Park里有许多猴子，喜爱动物的孩子可以去那里玩。
2．A 考查细节理解。根据第二则广告中最后的价格说明“Adults
from
￡
28,
children
from
￡
24
(under?3s
free)”，我们可以知道，在Thorpe
Park，成人票价28英镑起，而年龄在3岁以下的孩子免费。因此，这对带着两岁孩子的夫妇最低要支付56英镑的门票钱。
3．D 考查细节理解。综合全文的内容，特别是每则广告后面的价格说明，我们可以知道，每个主题公园都规定3岁或2岁以下的儿童可以免费入园，即某些孩子可以免费入园。因此本题的答案为D。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是科学与技术，内容为科技发展。文章介绍了Georgia
Tech的研究者们想出了一种低成本的装置——智能键盘，来保护私人的电子空间，并希望这种设备能尽快进入市场，服务消费者。本文侧重培养学生的创新能力。
4．D 考查细节理解。本题题干意为：研究者们为什么研发智能键盘？根据文章第一段可知，现在一些阻止别人进入私人电子空间的技术成本仍然很高。因此，来自Georgia
Tech的研究者们想出了一种低成本的(low?cost)装置——智能键盘，来应对这个问题。所以答案为D项：降低电子空间保护的成本。A：减轻对按键的压力；B：提升打字的精确度；C：取代密码系统。
5．C 考查细节理解。本题题干意为：什么使智能键盘这项发明成为可能？根据第二段第四句“These
patterns
are
unique
to
each
person.”可知，因为每个人的打字模式各不相同，所以智能键盘能识别人的身份，保护人的隐私。所以答案为C项：打字模式因人而异。A：计算机很容易操作；B：指纹扫描技术发展很快；D：数据安全措施有保证。
6．B 考查细节理解。本题题干意为：研究者们对智能键盘期待什么？根据文章最后一段最后两句话，研究者们说键盘应该直接商业化，智能键盘主要是由价格低廉的塑料类配件制成，团队希望它在不久的将来进入市场。所以答案为B项(它将很快到达消费者手里)。A：它将是环保的；C：它将用塑料制造。此项为干扰项，用塑料制造是事实，但不是将来发生的事；D：它将有助于加速打字。
7．D 考查推理判断。本题题干意为：这篇文章最有可能来自哪里？文章介绍了一种新的保护电子隐私空间的设备——智能键盘，并且希望产品能很快走进市场。本文语言客观严谨，属于科普类文章，故答案为D项：杂志。A：日记；B：指导手册；C：小说。
【语篇解读】 在我们所处的时代，塑料给我们的生活带来了很大便利，但是也给环境造成了巨大损害。
8．C 考查推理判断。根据第一段第一句可知，历史学家和考古学家是使用对社会造成最大影响的技术或材料来界定人类历史时期的。由此可推知，我们称现在这个时代为塑料时代的原因是塑料极大地影响了世界，故C项正确。
9．C 考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Millions
of
tons
of
plastics
are
recycled
every
year,
but
millions
more
end
up
in
landfills
or
the
ocean”可知，可回收的塑料垃圾极少，更多的塑料垃圾最终被扔到垃圾场或海洋中了，故C项正确。
10．A 考查推理判断。根据全文内容可知，作者在文章中描述了塑料垃圾对社会的巨大的负面影响，尤其在最后一段中作者提到，塑料垃圾对社会可能已经造成了损害，人们改变使用塑料的方式可能太晚了。由此可推知，作者对塑料时代持消极态度。故A项正确。
11．C 考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是我们人类现在处于塑料时代并解释了被称为塑料时代的原因，由此可推知，C项最符合文意。
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文，介绍了在美国加州和夏威夷之间的太平洋海域运行的海洋垃圾收集器。
12．C 考查细节理解。根据题干的“发明这个垃圾收集器”，我们把答案定位在第二段。该段说“The
group's
founder,
Boyan
Slat...
when
he
was
on
a
dive
and
saw
more
plastic
bags
than
fish”，由此可知，当年16岁的Slat在海里潜水的时候，发现水里的塑料袋比鱼还多，这促使他决定清洁海洋，因此选C。
13．A 考查细节理解。第三段说“Attached
to
it
is
a
screening
skirt
that
hangs
three
meters
down
in
the
water...
through
the
water”，这种垃圾收集器的下面部分是一个屏障，能够延伸到水下三米的地方，并且在水中移动的同时收集塑料，因此选A。
14．B 考查代词指代。从画线词所在的语境看，这里的it指前面提到的清洁系统，也就是悬浮屏障，因此选B。
15．C 考查推理判断。最后一段提到Slat说的话“It's
important
to
turn
off
the
taps
on
plastic
entering
the
ocean,
but
I
also
think
people
can
do
more
than
one
thing
at
a
time
to
deal
with
this
problem”，即他认为重要的是关掉塑料进入海洋的龙头，由此推断他认为关键是不让塑料进入海洋。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。主题语境是人与自我，内容为认识自我，完善自我。文章从介绍动机和目标开始，告诉我们如何确立正确的动机和目标对我们更有益。本文旨在培养学生科学认识自我、激励自我、辩证看待问题、合理解决问题的能力。
1．G 过渡句。句意：若没有动机，你既不能设定目标，也不能达成目标。由设空处上句话“Motivation
and
goal
setting
are
the
two
sides
of
the
same
coin.”
(动机和目标的设定是一件事情的两个方面。)可知，动机是很重要的。根据设空处下句“Like
the
child
on
the
diving
board,
you
will
stay
undecided.”可知，中间需要加一个表示转折的句子：若没有动机……故选G。
2．B 主旨句。句意：那么，你应该如何激励自己呢？该题中，设空处位于文章第二段开头，可能会是该段的主旨句。设空处后面的“how
should
you
stay
motivated
to
achieve
the
goal”也是引出该段话题或是对主旨句的进一步说明。另根据句子结构一致的原则，可找到与此问句结构一致的选项B：So
how
should
you
motivate
yourself？故选B。
3．A 过渡句。句意：这可能会影响你的工作。根据设空处前面的句子“There
are
times
when
your
heart
is
not
in
your
work.”(有时你的心会不在你的工作上。)可知，接下来会说这样做的后果(影响你的工作)。设空处后面介绍正确的做法，故选A。
4．E 细节句。句意：它们可以根据情况来改变。设空处前面的句子提到“Remember
that
goals
are
flexible.”
(要记得目标是灵活的。)，接下来可能会接着解释它们会改变。选项E中的They与上句话中的goals指代一致，故选E。
5．C 过渡句。句意：然而，这不应该使你泄气。由设空处上句话中的“you
may
want
to
be
a
pilot
but
can't
become
one
because
your
eyesight
is
not
good
enough”(你可能想成为一名飞行员，但因为你的视力不够好而不能成为一名飞行员)可知，接下来会告诉我们解决这个问题的办法。根据设空处下句话中的“You
should
reassess
your
goals”(你应该重新评估你的目标)可知，选C项。
课时练(二)
语言知识运用
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者在文中提到一种特别的友谊，这种友谊虽然不是源于长时间的陪伴，而是完全源于某个特定的时刻，却能帮助你度过艰难的时光。
1．B 根据上文中的“When
you
think
of
friends”及下文中对友谊的叙述可知，这里应该指的是还有另一种友谊。friendship意为“友谊”，符合语境，故选B项。
2．D 上文第一句提到“当你想到朋友时，你常常会想到那些长时间陪伴你的人。”第二句开头用了转折词But，表转折，指还有另一种友谊——它并非源于长时间的陪伴，而是完全源于某个特定的时刻。long意为“长的”，符合语境，故选D项。
3．D 前面提到还有一种友谊，它不是源于长时间的陪伴，且句中又使用了转折词But，由此可知，它是完全源于某个特定的时刻。moment意为“时刻”，符合语境，故选D项。
4．A 根据下文可知，“我”喜欢待在珍妮的农舍里。love意为“喜欢；热爱”，符合语境，故选A项。
5．B 根据上文中的“Eighth
grade
was
a
terrible
year.”及下文的“but
we
didn't
talk
about
it”可知，“我们”彼此都知道，但“我们”却不谈论它。know意为“知道；明白”，符合语境，故选B项。
6．D 根据下文的“how
she
lied
on
her
pony
Redwing's
back”可知，她向“我”展示她是如何躺在她的小马的背上。show意为“展示”，符合语境。inspire意为“鼓舞；启发”；require意为“要求”；consult意为“咨询”，故选D项。
7．A 根据下文的“on
long
journey，riding
and
walking”可知，“我们”会出去长途旅行、骑行和散步。go
out意为“出去”，符合语境，故选A项。
8．C 根据本段提到的“我们”常常一起做各种事情及设空处前的“She
left
in
ninth
grade”(她九年级时离开了)可知，“我”很想念她。miss意为“想念”，符合语境，故选C项。
9．B 根据本段第三句和第四句内容可知，八年级是糟糕的一年。“我们”都知道，但“我们”没有谈论它。根据后面的内容可知，“我们”常常在一起做各种事情。再根据设空处前一句的意思“她九年级时离开了，我很想念她。”可知，“我们”互相帮助彼此度过了一段艰难的时光。difficult意为“艰难的，困难的”，与上文a
terrible
year呼应，符合语境，故选B项。
10．D 根据下文中的“I
lived
alone”和“My
husband
had
left
for
North
Dakota,
leaving
me
to...”可知，对于朱莉，“我”是永远感激的。grateful意为“感激的”，符合语境，故选D项。
11．A 根据下文中的“She
lived
in
the
beach
town.”可知，“我们”是在一个海滨小镇上相遇的。beach意为“沙滩；海滨”，符合语境，故选A项。
12．C 根据设空句的意思及下文提到“the
__17__
could
go
on
playing”可知，此处应指她的双胞胎男孩与“我”的女儿年龄大致相同。age意为“年龄”，符合语境，故选C项。
13．A 根据上文中的“as
my
daughter”可知，“我”和女儿单独住在离她家一个街区之远的地方。daughter意为“女儿”，符合语境，故选A项。
14．B 根据上文的“My
husband
had
left
for
North
Dakota”可知，“我”丈夫已经去了北达科他州，留下“我”一个人苦苦思索下一步做什么。puzzle
out意为“仔细考虑解决(难题等)”，符合语境，故选B项。
15．C 根据设空处前一句可知，“我”的丈夫离开了，所以没人和“我”说话。再根据设空处后的“there
was
someone
I
could
talk
to”可知，现在突然又有人可以和“我”说说话。suddenly意为“突然”，符合语境，故选C项。
16．A 根据下文的“so
that
the
__17__
could
go
on
playing”及后面一句中的“The
normal
state
of
her
little
home”可知，“我”和她一起回她家。home意为“家”，符合语境，故选A项。
17．C 根据“Her
twin
boys”和“my
daughter”可知，设空处指的是“我”和她的孩子们。child意为“孩子”，符合语境，故选C项。
18．C 根据下文的“my
broken
heart”可知，她那小家庭的正常状态抚慰了“我”破碎的心。comfort意为“安慰，安抚”，符合语境，故选C项。
19．B 根据上文的例子和下文的“when
your
own
life
is
off
balance”可知，当你的生活失去平衡时，这样的朋友通常就到来了。arrive意为“到来，抵达”，符合语境，故选B项。
20．D 根据上文的“your
own
life
is
off
balance”可知，当你的生活失去平衡时，这样的朋友就出现了。再根据下文的“till
the
world
settled
on
its
axis
once
again”可知，他们支持你，直到你的世界再次回归正常。support意为“支持”，符合语境，故选D项。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了鲸鱼的一些习性特征，并提及大多数国家开始重视对鲸鱼的保护。
1．to
feed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，从句谓语动词为are和produce，feed与其之间无连词连接，因此本空应为不定式作目的状语。句意为：这意味着它们是温血动物，并且雌性鲸鱼会产奶来喂养它们的孩子，故填to
feed。
2．Having 考查非谓语动词。设空处与can
grow之间无连词连接，且have与adult
blue
whales之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。句意为：拥有世界上最大的动物这一美誉，成年蓝鲸能长到30米长……，故填Having。
3．weighing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语，修饰前面的the
female，且the
female与weigh之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词。句意为：……雌性鲸鱼通常比雄性鲸鱼体形稍长一些，体重大约170吨，故填weighing。
4．parts 考查名词单复数。句意为：这些海洋生物有一些巨大的身体部位。此处part为可数名词，其前有some修饰，应为复数形式，故填parts。
5．surprisingly 考查词性转换。句意为：蓝鲸有很大的胃口，这不足为奇。Not
surprisingly在句中作状语，应用副词形式，故填surprisingly。
6．It 考查代词。句意为：蓝鲸每天吃大量的鱼，大约每天吃4,000万条，这是很平常的。It在句中作形式主语，故填It。
7．for 考查介词。句意为：过去，人们为了蓝鲸身上的肉和油而捕杀它们。设空处在句中表目的，故填for。
8．twentieth 考查数词。句意为：在19世纪和20世纪早期，捕鲸是澳大利亚的主要产业……。表示“在……世纪”时，通常用序数词，故填twentieth。
快解：根据前面的nineteenth也可判断应填序数词。
9．was
limited 考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：……但是在1987年，澳大利亚的捕鲸业被限制了。设空处的动作发生在过去，且whaling与limit之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was
limited。
10．that 考查定语从句。句意为：如今，大多数国家强烈反对捕鲸，就连澳大利亚，现在也支持反捕鲸政策。此空引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，因先行词country被the
very修饰，所以只能用that引导，故填that。
课时练(三)
写作
第一节 短文改错
There
may
be
two reasons
for
the
popularity
of
English
in
China
in
recent
：
the
economic
reform
and
the
open
policy.
With
the
development
of
international
trade
and
cooperation,
English
as
international
language
a
more
and
more
important
role.
The
demand
for
people
English
is
increasing.
The
labor
market
needs
to
do
business
with
foreign
companies,
to
open
foreign
markets,
and
to
learn
to
use
advanced
technology
from
abroad.
They
are
also
needed
to
participate international
affairs.
University
students
English
level
is
high
are
easily
employed
and
well
.
This
encourages
people
to
learn
English.
①mainly改为main reasons是名词，修饰名词应该用形容词，故将mainly改为main。
②year改为years year意为“年”，为可数名词，其前有recent修饰，表示不止一年，应用复数形式，故将year改为years。
③the改为an 此处表示英语作为一种国际语言，international
language为泛指，而不是特指，应用不定冠词修饰，international的发音以元音音素开头，故将the改为an。
④play改为plays 分析句子结构可知，本句主语是English，为单数概念，故谓语动词应用单数形式，故将play改为plays。
⑤known改为knowing 分析句子结构可知，此处修饰people，且与people之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语修饰people，故将known改为knowing。
⑥you改为them 此处代指上文提及的people，应用第三人称的人称代词代替，且people作为集体名词，非指一人，故将you改为them。
⑦删除up 根据语境可知，此处指使用国外先进的技术，并非用尽先进技术。use
up意为“耗尽；用光”，不符合语境，故删除up。
⑧在participate后加in participate为不及物动词，后面不能直接跟名词短语international
affairs,
participate
in为固定搭配，意为“参加”，故在participate后加in。
⑨who改为whose 分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语的定语，该定语从句应用whose引导，故将who改为whose。
⑩pay改为paid University
students在句中作主语，are是系动词，由and连接两个并列的动词employ和pay，都应该采用它们的被动语态形式，故将pay改为paid。
第二节 书面表达
【参考范文】
Dear
Tom，
How
are
you
going
these
days?
I'm
writing
to
share
with
you
something
about
our
school's
Sports
Club,
and
the
detailed
information
is
as
follows.
The
Sports
Club
is
located
in
our
school's
gym,
where
a
variety
of
activities
are
held
every
afternoon
after
school.
At
weekends,
it
is
available
all
day
for
all
students
who
are
interested
in
sports
events.
Badminton,
basketball
and
table
tennis
are
especially
popular
among
students.
What
excites
me
most
is
that
there
are
some
kinds
of
competitions
held
every
few
weeks,
which
attract
many
students
to
watch
and
enrich
our
school
life.
In
a
word,
it
is
an
ideal
place
to
relax
ourselves
after
class.
Best
wishes!
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
PAGE
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18
-(共79张PPT)
Unit
7 The
Sea
