课时作业15
Unit
15 Learning
课时练(一) 阅读理解·组块专练——练速度
(限时：35分钟)
阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
[2020·重庆调研]Since
the
vacation
season
is
over,
it's
time
to
start
thinking
about
ways
to
improve
your
travel
quality
—
your
ability
to
get
around
without
looking
like
a
foolish
tourist
—
before
your
next
trip.
Read
a
book.
The
right
travel
book
can
educate
and
inspire
you.“Good
writing
helps
me
to
look
at
my
surroundings
with
new
eyes，”
says
Martha
Merritt,
Dean
of
International
Education
at
the
University
of
Richmond.
A
book
about
travel
is
not
necessarily
a
travel
guidebook.
It
can
simply
be
a
book
—
fiction
or
nonfiction
—
about
a
place.
Find
your
attractive
group
on
social
media.
That's
what
Tiffany
Burnette,
who
runs
a
design
company
in
Philadelphia,
does
between
trips.
She
spends
time
on
the
website's
travel
groups
connecting
with
new
friends
and
learning
new
travel
skills.
Learn
a
language.
“I
spend
15
to
20
minutes
each
day
working
on
my
basic
language
skills
so
that
I
can
at
least
show
respect，”
says
Jeff
Wilson,
the
host
of
“Real
Rail
Adventures”
on
PBS.
“Phrases
like
‘please’
‘thank
you’
counted.”
Michelle
Williams,
who
has
traveled
to
more
than
50
countries,
says,
“An
app
like
Duolingo
is
a
great
way
to
improve
your
language
skills
before
you
travel.”
While
these
tools
could
make
you
a
smarter
traveler,
only
one
thing
is
guaranteed
to
improve
your
travel
quality.
You
have
to
get
out
of
your
seat.
You
can
start
your
journey
by
visiting
your
travel
agent
from
the
United
States
Tour
Operators.
1．What
can
you
improve
after
you
read
the
passage?
A．Ways
of
thinking.
B．Ability
to
read.
C．Ability
to
travel.
D．Ways
of
writing.
2．How
does
Tiffany
Burnette
learn
new
travel
skills?
A．By
reading
travel
books.
B．By
connecting
with
travel
groups.
C．By
working
on
languages.
D．By
running
a
travel
company.
3．Who
would
like
to
learn
language
skills
with
an
app?
A．Martha
Merritt.
B．Tiffany
Burnette.
C．Jeff
Wilson.
D．Michelle
Williams.
B
[2020·唐山一模]Stan
Lee,
co?founder
of
the
Marvel
Universe
(漫威宇宙)
and
co?creator
of
many
of
its
most
popular
superheroes,
died
at
the
age
of
95.
Lee
was
born
Stanley
Martin
Lieber
in
New
York
in
1922.
As
a
son
of
working?class
Jewish
immigrants
from
Romania,
times
were
hard
and
he
lived
with
his
family
in
a
shabby
single?bedroom
apartment.
After
graduating
from
high
school
at
16,
Lieber
landed
a
job
as
an
assistant
at
Timely
Comics.
By
the
early
1940s,
he
was
a
temporary
editor
for
the
company.
It
was
at
this
time
that
he
began
using
his
pen
name
—
Stan
Lee.
In
1947,
two
years
after
returning
from
serving
for
the
U．S.
Army,
Lee
married
his
wife,
Joan.
The
two
began
their
70?year
marriage
and
had
two
children.
In
the
late
l950s,
DC
Comics
breathed
new
life
into
its
classic
superhero
and
experienced
a
significant
success
with
its
updated
version
of
the
Flash,
and
later
with
super?team
the
Justice
League
of
America.
To
compete
against
DC
Comics,
Lee
was
given
the
task
of
creating
their
own
group
of
superheroes.
In
1961,
Timely
Comics
changed
its
name
into
Marvel
Comics
after
Atlas
Comics,
and
that
November
saw
the
debut
(首次亮相)
of
the
Fantastic
Four.
Lee's
later
famous
and
lasting
creations
of
comic?book
superheroes
included
Spider?Man,
the
Hulk,
Thor,
Iron
Man
and
the
X?Men.
Over
the
course
of
his
career,
Lee
was
an
icon
of
Marvel
Comics.
As
a
writer
and
editor
and,
at
various
points,
both
the
publisher
and
vice
president
of
Marvel
Comics,
Lee
not
only
introduced
interesting
characters
to
the
industry,
but
changed
the
way
that
comic
books
came
together.
He
also
created
a
cooperative
workflow
between
writers
and
artists,
which
became
known
as
the
“Marvel
Method”.
Lee
received
a
National
Medal
of
Arts
in
2008
for
his
innovations
that
revolutionized
American
comic
books.
4．What
do
we
know
about
Lee
from
Paragraph
2?
A．He
served
for
the
U．S.
Army
for
two
years.
B．He
suffered
from
an
unfortunate
marriage.
C．He
had
a
tough
and
struggling
childhood.
D．He
adopted
his
pen
name
at
the
age
of
16.
5．What
was
the
company
called
when
Spider?Man
was
created?
A．Timely
Comics.
B．Marvel
Comics.
C．Atlas
Comics.
D．DC
Comics.
6．What
does
the
underlined
word
“icon”
in
the
last
paragraph
mean?
A．Statue.
B．Agent.
C．Assistant.
D．Symbol.
7．What
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Stan
Lee,
the
Godfather
of
Marvel
Comics
B．The
Development
of
Marvel
Comics
C．Stan
Lee,
a
Superhero
in
Comic
Books
D．The
Popular
Superheroes
of
Marvel
Comics
C
[2019·安徽五校联盟第二次检测]We
humans
are
addicted
to
sugar.
That
makes
sense.
All
animals
need
sugar
to
live.
It's
the
fuel
that
powers
our
cells.
So
it's
not
surprising
that
we're
born
to
want
the
sweet
stuff.
Sugar
stores
the
sun's
energy
like
a
battery.
After
a
meal,
your
body
breaks
down
foods
into
their
building
blocks.
It
uses
some
sugar
for
energy
right
away.
The
rest
get
stored
for
the
body
to
break
down
later.
It's
a
myth
that
sugar
makes
you
extremely
excited,
but
having
a
sugary
snack
can
give
you
a
quick
burst
of
energy.
That's
because
the
sugar
in
sweet
foods
is
easy
for
your
body
to
turn
into
fuel.
When
you
eat
other
kinds
of
foods,
like
vegetables,
it
takes
longer
for
your
body
to
break
the
sugar
down.
These
days
it's
easy
to
find
sweet
snacks.
Sodas,
candy,
cakes
and
even
foods
that
seem
healthy,
such
as
yogurt,
can
be
packed
with
sugar.
Food
makers
add
sugar,
because
they
know
that
to
humans,
sweet
makes
everything
taste
better.
Americans
eat
about
20
teaspoons
of
extra
sugar
every
day.
That's
more
than
what
is
good
for
us.
Eating
too
much
sugar
can
cause
more
than
a
stomachache.
It
can
make
people
overweight,
decay
the
teeth
and
even
cause
diabetes.
However,
experts
aren't
worried
about
naturally
sweet
foods
—
the
problem
is
added
sugar.
So
go
ahead
and
enjoy
sweet
apples
or
even
sugar?rich
carrots
that
are
also
full
of
vitamins
and
other
good
stuff.
Even
cake
is
great
once
in
a
while,
as
long
as
you
don't
overdo
it.
After
all,
no
one
wants
life
to
be
dull.
And
your
body
needs
its
fuel!
8．The
first
two
paragraphs
are
mainly
developed
by
________.
A．cause
and
effect
B．problem
and
solution
C．giving
examples
D．making
comparisons
9．People
may
be
tricked
into
eating
too
much
sugar
because________.
A．no
one
wants
life
to
be
boring
B．we're
born
to
want
the
sweet
stuff
C．so?called
healthy
food
can
be
packed
with
sugar
D．sugar
is
the
fuel
for
the
plants
and
animals
on
the
earth
10．What
does
the
author
want
to
stress
in
Paragraph
4?
A．We'd
better
say
no
to
sweet
foods.
B．Experts
are
worried
about
added
sugar.
C．Eating
too
much
sugar
is
bad
for
our
health.
D．We'd
better
consume
sugar
from
natural
sources.
11．What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A．Sugar
Is
Everywhere
B．Sugar
Brings
Happiness
C．Why
Do
We
Love
Sugar?
D．Why
Does
Sugar
Make
Us
Fat?
D
[2020·哈尔滨第三中学一模]Have
you
ever
noticed
that
some
difficult
situations
tend
to
repeat
themselves?
Does
it
seem
as
if
you
married
or
dated
the
same
kind
of
person
several
times
in
different
bodies
with
different
names?
Have
you
run
into
the
same
type
of
boss
over
and
over
again?
If
you
don't
deal
well
with
authority
figures
at
home,
then
you
will
have
an
opportunity
to
deal
with
them
out
in
the
world.
You
may
try
desperately
to
avoid
these
repeated
difficult
situations,
which
seem
to
have
become
your
set
patterns,
but
they
will
eventually
catch
up
with
you.
The
only
way
you
can
free
yourself
of
them
is
to
shift
your
perspective
on
them
seriously
and
persistently.
To
face
the
challenge
means
you
need
to
bravely
accept
the
fact
that
something
within
you
keeps
drawing
you
to
the
same
kind
of
persons
or
issues
repeatedly
in
your
life.
This
is
not
an
easy
task,
since
it
means
you
have
to
change,
and
to
change
is
not
always
easy.
Staying
just
as
you
are
certainly
is
comfortable
in
the
familiarity,
but
it
does
not
help
you
advance
spiritually.
Rising
to
the
challenge
of
identifying
and
releasing
your
patterns
forces
you
to
admit
that
the
way
you
have
been
doing
things
isn't
working.
However,
the
good
news
is
that
by
identifying
and
releasing
your
patterns,
you
actually
learn
how
to
change.
In
order
to
facilitate
your
process
of
change,
you
will
need
willingness
and
patience.
When
struggling
to
make
a
change,
ask
yourself，“How
willing
am
I,
really,
to
make
this
change？”
If
you
truly
want
to
change,
you
will
make
a
commitment
to
the
process
of
it.
If
you
absolutely
hate
getting
stuck
in
traffic,
chances
are
that
you
need
a
little
work
in
the
area
of
patience.
And
chances
are
that
you
will
probably
get
stuck
in
more
traffic
jams
than
someone
who
has
patience.
It
is
not
because
the
universe
has
a
sense
of
humor.
You
just
notice
and
care
about
the
traffic
more
than
someone
who
has
patience.
Remember,
you
just
need
willingness
and
a
little
patience.
Once
you
master
these,
you
will
most
likely
find
the
challenge
of
identifying
and
releasing
your
patterns
far
less
frightening.
12．How
can
you
get
rid
of
repeated
difficult
situations
in
your
life?
A．By
trying
your
best
to
avoid
those
disappointing
situations.
B．By
taking
a
different
attitude
toward
previous
life.
C．By
gathering
up
the
courage
to
change
your
identity.
D．By
changing
your
viewpoint
on
them
with
great
determination.
13．What's
the
author's
attitude
toward
the
idea
of
staying
just
as
you
are?
A．Disapproving.
B．Skeptical.
C．Supportive.
D．Casual.
14．What
does
the
underlined
word
“facilitate”
in
Paragraph
3
probably
mean?
A．Promote.
B．Postpone.
C．Influence.
D．Overlook.
15．What
is
the
effect
of
mastering
willingness
and
patience
according
to
the
passage?
A．Guiding
you
to
identify
your
old
patterns.
B．Making
your
change
become
easier.
C．Challenging
you
with
difficult
patterns.
D．Arousing
your
inner
desire
to
challenge
yourself.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2020·湖北八校高三联考]In
the
super
fast
paced
world
we
live
in,
happiness
may
not
come
as
easily
as
we
wish.
Here
are
some
tips
to
make
us
live
happily.
Don't
avoid
or
ignore
negativity.
__1__
This
can
include
people
in
your
life
who
may
be
bringing
you
down,
a
hostile
workplace
environment
or
even
a
personal
stressor
that
you
haven't
conquered
quite
yet.
You
are
in
control
of
your
environment
and
if
these
negative
situations
keep
making
an
appearance,
it's
up
to
you
to
handle
them.
Take
care
of
yourself
and
your
needs.
In
order
to
live
a
powerful
and
meaningful
life,
you
must
love
yourself.
Take
care
of
your
actions
and
how
you
live
each
day,
and
this
will
be
reflected
in
your
thoughts
and
emotional
state
of
mind.
__2__
Mend
what's
broken
or
get
rid
of
it.
Determining
what
is
worth
your
time
and
effort
and
what
can
be
challenging.
If
situations
are
beyond
repair,
it's
time
to
let
go.
Are
there
relationships
or
friendships
that
remain
damaged
but
you
know
are
worth
the
time?
__3__
Do
what
you
can
to
find
love
in
situations
where
it
may
have
been
absent
in
the
past.
__4__
Giving
our
time,
energy,
love
and
sometimes
money
is
what
life
is
about.
__5__
My
mom
taught
me
a
quote
she
learned
in
Mexico
that
stuck
with
me
forever,
“donde
come
uno,
comen
dos.
(where
one
can
eat,
two
can
eat.)”
It
moves
me
every
time
I
say
it
out
loud.
At
the
end
of
the
day,
no
matter
what
you
have
you
are
likely
in
a
position
to
give
something
small
to
someone
else
who
needs
it.
Don't
hesitate.
A．Give
back.
B．Be
positive.
C．Fix
them
and
find
peace.
D．Do
more
of
what
makes
you
happy.
E．Love
yourself
fully
in
order
to
love
others
fully.
F．Everything
we
put
out
into
the
world
comes
back
to
us.
G．In
order
to
conquer
and
overcome,
it
must
be
acknowledged.
课时练(二) 语言知识运用·组块专练——练准度
(限时：30分钟)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2020·广州调研]
Why
study
history?
People
live
in
the
present.
They
plan
for
the
__1__.
History,
however,
is
the
study
of
the
past.
Given
all
the
__2__
and
pressures
that
come
from
living
in
the
present
and
__3__
what
is
yet
to
come,
why
bother
with
what
has
happened?
Given
all
the
available
branches
of
knowledge,
why
insist
—
as
most
__4__
systems
do
—
on
history?
And
why
urge
many
students
to
study
even
more
history
than
they
are
__5__
to?
Any
subject
of
study
needs
__6__
:
supporters
must
explain
why
it
is
worth
__7__.
Like
most
widely
accepted
__8__，
history
attracts
people
who
simply
__9__
the
information
and
modes
of
thought
involved.
But
for
people
who
are
less
interested
in
the
subject
and
more
__10__
about
why
they
should
bother
with
it,
a
clearer
explanation
of
its
purpose
is
required.
__11__
do
not
perform
heart
transplants,
improve
highway
design,
or
arrest
criminals.
In
a
society
that
quite
correctly
expects
education
to
serve
__12__
purposes,
history's
functions can
seem
more
difficult
to
__13__
than
those
of
engineering
or
medicine.
History
is
in
fact
very
useful,
actually
__14__，
but
the
products
of
historical
study
are
often
less
__15__
and
immediate
than
those
of
other
subjects.
History
helps
us
understand
people,
societies
and
how
they
__16__.
For
example,
how
can
we
__17__
past
wars
and
future
threats
without
using
historical
materials?
Unfortunately,
major
aspects
of
the
society's
operation
cannot
be
set
up
as
precise
experiments.
__18__，
history
must
serve,
however
imperfectly,
as
our
__19__，
helping
us
understand
who
we
are
and
why
we
do
what
we
do.
This,
fundamentally,
is
why
we
cannot
__20__
history.
1．A.process
B．result
C．future
D．environment
2．A.causes
B．demands
C．choices
D．orders
3．A.avoiding
B．fearing
C．celebrating
D．anticipating
4．A.financial
B．social
C．educational
D．political
5．A.required
B．invited
C．forced
D．permitted
6．A.direction
B．exploration
C．justification
D．revolution
7．A.assessment
B．attention
C．expectation
D．mention
8．A.subjects
B．concepts
C．topics
D．concerns
9．A.provide
B．receive
C．share
D．like
10．A.doubtful
B．worried
C．thoughtful
D．certain
11．A.Supporters
B．Historians
C．Audiences
D．Teachers
12．A.public
B．multiple
C．different
D．useful
13．A.define
B．expect
C．satisfy
D．ignore
14．A.optional
B．attractive
C．accessible
D．essential
15．A.valuable
B．interesting
C．instructive
D．accurate
16．A.imagine
B．behave
C．fight
D．fade
17．A.prevent
B．remember
C．evaluate
D．declare
18．A.Consequently
B．Alternatively
C．Fortunately
D．Admittedly
19．A.library
B．laboratory
C．clinic
D．museum
20．A.make
up
for
B．give
in
to
C．get
close
to
D．stay
away
from
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2020·南昌一模]When
it
comes
to
your
brain,
researchers
have
found
there's
no
better
superfood
than
a
book.
According
to
the
data
__1__
(collect)
by
the
University
of
Michigan's
Health
and
Retirement
Study,
a
__2__
(hope)
pattern
came
out:
people
who
read
books
for
as
little
as
30
minutes
a
day
over
several
years
were
living
an
average
of
two
years
__3__
(long)
than
people
who
didn't
read
anything
at
all.
Strange
still,
as
science
reminds
us,
reading
books
—
especially
fiction
—
__4__
(force)
your
brain
to
think
critically
and
make
__5__
(connection)
from
one
chapter
to
another,
and
to
the
outside
world.
Also,
reading
stories
can
lead
to
a
noticeable
increase
in
human
interaction,
__6__
in
turn
can
lower
stress
levels.
But
it
doesn't
mean
that
magazines,
newspapers
and
web
articles
are
useless.
Any
reading
material
that
fills
your
mind
and
enlarges
your
vocabulary
seems
__7__
(carry)
mental
benefits.
Therefore,
whether
you're
reading
a
page?turner
or
simply
scanning
__8__
instruction
for
your
coffee
maker,
many
parts
of
your
brain
__9__
(involve)
in
positive
thinking.
Still
not
inspired
to
give
__10__
a
try？
课时练(三) 写作强化增分·组块专练——练规范
(限时：35分钟)
写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
[2019·合肥质量检测]Our
school
sports
meeting
finally
came
to
end
last
Friday.
Tiring
but
cheerful,
we
made
it
a
success.
I
can
say
it's
the
best
one
I
have
ever
been
taken
part
in.
The
opening
ceremony
was
a
feast
for
the
eyes.
To
begin
with,
the
headmaster
makes
a
speech.
Then
came
various
performance,
including
singing,
dancing
and
kung
fu.
Besides,
some
students
dressed
up
as
dolls,
and
that
they
wanted
to
show
was
confident
and
talent.
When
the
teachers'
shows
began,
the
audience
went
crazily.
As
a
class
photographer,
I
took
pictures
of
such
many
brilliant
moments,
which,
with
doubt,
meant
a
lot
to
all
of
us.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
[2020·银川检测]假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，学校将要选拔一些学生作为交流生到英国进行为期两个月的学习，你非常想得到这次交流学习的机会。请你根据以下提示给校长写封申请信。要点如下：
1．父母优势；
2．个人优势；
3．表达愿望。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Mr
President，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
课时作业15
课时练(一)
阅读理解
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了提高自己旅游素养的三个方法：读书，在社交媒体上寻找吸引你的旅游团体，学习语言。
1．C 考查推理判断。通读全文可知，第一段“Since
the
vacation
season
is
over,
it's
time
to
start
thinking
about
ways
to
improve
your
travel
quality
—
your
ability
to
get
around
without
looking
like
a
foolish
tourist
—
before
your
next
trip.”为全文的主题句。结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了提高自己旅游素养的三个方法：读书，在社交媒体上寻找吸引你的旅游团体，学习语言。C项正确。
2．B 考查细节理解。根据第三段“That's
what
Tiffany
Burnette,
who
runs
a
design
company
in
Philadelphia,
does
between
trips.
She
spends
time
on
the
website's
travel
groups
connecting
with
new
friends
and
learning
new
travel
skills.”可知，Tiffany
Burnette把时间花在网站上的旅游团体上，与新朋友建立联系，学习新的旅游技能。据此可知，Tiffany
Burnette是通过联系旅游团体学习旅游技能的，故B项正确。
3．D 考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Michelle
Williams...
says,
‘An
app...
before
you
travel.’”可推断Michelle
Williams通过软件学习语言，故选D项。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了漫威创始人斯坦·李富于传奇色彩的一生。作为一名漫威创始人，他对美国的漫画进行了革新，创造了许多超级英雄，荣获了国家艺术奖章。
4．C 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“As
a
son
of
working?class
Jewish
immigrants
from
Romania,
times
were
hard
and
he
lived
with
his
family
in
a
shabby
single?bedroom
apartment...
as
an
assistant
at
Timely
Comics.”可知，斯坦·李曾有一个艰辛的童年，故选C项。
5．B 考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“In
1961,
Timely
Comics
changed
its
name
into
Marvel
Comics
after
Atlas
Comics”可知，公司的名字按照时间顺序依次为Timely
Comics→Atlas
Comics→Marvel
Comics，神奇四侠于1961年首次推出，而蜘蛛侠是之后创作的，所以创作蜘蛛侠时公司的名称应是漫威(Marvel
Comics)，故选B项。
6．D 考查词义猜测。最后一段介绍了斯坦·李的成就。作为漫威宇宙的创始人之一，斯坦·李可以算是美漫历史上最伟大的人物之一。没有他可能就没有现在的漫威世界，所以他可以被称为是漫威宇宙的标志，由此可推知，icon意为“标志”，故选D项。
7．A 考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文介绍了漫威创始人之一斯坦·李的传奇一生，他对美国漫画的影响力是令人瞩目的。他生前所创作的经典作品在世界上都可以称作是顶级的文化品牌，所以他被称为漫威之父。godfather意为“开拓者；发起者；创始人”，故选A项。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。糖能给人体提供必需的能量，且易分解，人天生需要糖分；虽然甜食尝起来可口，但是我们不要过多食用。
【熟词生义】 break
down常用义：停止运转；出故障
例句：The
printing
machines
are
always
breaking
down.印刷机老是出故障。
本句义：分解
例句：Food
is
broken
down
in
the
stomach.食物在胃里分解。
【难句分析】 So
go
ahead
and
enjoy
sweet
apples
or
even
sugar?rich
carrots
that
are
also
full
of
vitamins
and
other
good
stuff.
分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“that
are
also
full
of
vitamins
and
other
good
stuff”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“sweet
apples
or
even
sugar?rich
carrots”，
that在从句中作主语。
译文：所以，去享用甜甜的苹果，或者富含糖分的胡萝卜吧，它们也富含维生素和其他有益成分。
8．A 考查细节理解。根据第一段尾句“So
it's
not
surprising
that
we're
born
to
want
the
sweet
stuff”和第二段倒数第二句“That's
because
the
sugar
in
sweet
foods
is
easy
for
your
body
to
turn
into
fuel.”，并结合第一、二段的内容可知，第一段解释了人天生需要糖的原因；第二段解释了甜食能快速补充能量的原因；据此可推知，第一、二段是通过解释因果的方法组织内容的，故A项正确。
9．C 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“These
days
it's
easy
to
find
sweet
snacks.
Sodas,
candy,
cakes
and
even
foods
that
seem
healthy,
such
as
yogurt,
can
be
packed
with
sugar”可知，甜食随处可见，即使是看起来健康的食品也会含有大量糖分，故人们会误食很多含糖食品，故选C项。
10．D 考查推理判断。通读第四段可知，该段第一、二句介绍了食用过量的糖的害处；第三句说明专家对添加糖分的食品的担忧；第四句紧接着提出建议：吃富含糖但也富含维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。据此可推知，该段旨在强调，我们最好食用天然食物来摄入糖分，故D项正确。
11．C 考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，糖能给人体提供必需的能量，且易分解，人天生需要糖分；虽然甜食尝起来可口，但是食用过量的糖有害身体健康，我们最好食用不但富含糖分、还含有维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。C项最适合作本文标题。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，生活中总是会有重复出现的困境。作者介绍了面对困境时解决问题的方法，那就是要学会改变看问题的角度，认真且坚持不懈地解决问题。
12．D 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The
only
way
you
can
free
yourself
of
them
is
to
shift
your
perspective
on
them
seriously
and
persistently.”可知，要让自己摆脱困境的唯一方法是认真、坚持不懈地改变自己看问题的角度，故选D项。
13．A 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Staying
just
as
you
are
certainly
is
comfortable
in
the
familiarity,
but
it
does
not
help
you
advance
spiritually.”可知，停留在熟悉的舒适区，对于一个人精神上的进步没有帮助，由此推知，作者反对一成不变的想法，故选A项。
14．A 考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“...
by
identifying
and
releasing
your
patterns,
you
actually
learn
how
to
change.
In
order
to
facilitate
your
process
of
change,
you
will
need
willingness
and
patience.”可知，通过识别和公开你的模式，你会学会如何改变。为了加速改变的进程，你需要心甘情愿与耐心。因此facilitate应意为“加速”，故选A项。
15．B 考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Once
you
master
these,
you
will
most
likely
find
the
challenge
of
identifying
and
releasing
your
patterns
far
less
frightening.”可知，一旦你掌握这些(意愿和耐心)，就会发现识别和公开你的模式其实没那么可怕。因此，改变就更容易，故选B项。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个快乐生活的建议。
1．G 根据小标题“Don't
avoid
or
ignore
negativity.”并结合该段内容可推知，必须先承认消极性才能战胜克服它，故选G项。
2．E 根据空前的“you
must
love
yourself”以及“Take
care
of
your
actions
and
how
you
live
each
day”可推知，E项“为了充分地爱别人，要完全地爱自己”符合语境，故选E项。
3．C 根据小标题“Mend
what's
broken
or
get
rid
of
it.”以及空前一句可知，修复那些值得你花时间的关系或友谊，故选C项。
4．A 根据文章结构以及空处所在位置可知，空处为段落小标题，该段主要是讲去付出，故选A项。
5．F 根据空前一句可知，生活就是付出我们的时间、精力、爱，有时是金钱。由此可推知，空处应是讲有付出就会有回报，故选F项。
课时练(二)
语言知识运用
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。很多人有这样的疑惑：我们所有的需求和压力都来自于活在当下，以及对未来的预期，为什么还要在已经发生的事情上花费时间呢？虽然历史研究的成果往往不如其他学科那样立竿见影，但是，历史学科实际上是非常重要的，它能帮助我们了解我们是谁，我们为什么要做我们所做的事情。
1．C 根据该句中的“plan
for”，并结合常识可知，人们为未来做计划。C项意为“未来”，故C项正确。
2．B 根据该句中的“and
pressures
that
come
from
living
in
the
present”并结合选项可知，空处与名词“pressures”对应，表示“来自活在当下的需求和压力”。B项意为“需求”，故B项正确。
3．D 根据上文的“They
plan
for
the
__1__”以及该句中的“__3__
what
is
yet
to
come”，并结合语境可知，此处是说对未来的预期。D项意为“预期”，故D项正确。
4．C 根据下文中的“urge
many
students
to
study
even
more
history”可知，我们总是敦促学生学习更多历史知识；结合该句中的“Given
all
the
available
branches
of
knowledge,
why
insist
—
as
most
__4__
systems
do
—
on
history？”可知，考虑到所有可用的知识分支，为什么大多数教育体系坚持教授历史？C项意为“教育的”，符合语境。
5．A 根据该句“And
why
urge
many
students
to
study
even
more
history
than
they
are
__5__
to？”，并结合常识可知，此处表示为什么要敦促许多学生学习比他们被要求学习的还要多的历史呢？A项意为“要求”，故A项正确。
6．C 根据该句“Any
subject
of
study
needs
__6__
:
supporters
must
explain
why
it
is
worth
__7__”，并结合常识可知，任何学科的研究都需要正当的理由，支持者必须解释其值得关注的原因，故C项正确。
7．B 参见上题解析。B项意为“关注”，故B项正确。
8．A 根据该段第一句中的“subject”，并结合语境可知，该处指“大多数被普遍接受的学科”。A项意为“学科”，故A项正确。
9．D 根据该句中的“history
attracts
people
who
simply
__9__
the
information
and
modes
of
thought
involved”并结合语境可知，历史吸引了喜欢这些信息以及相关的思维方式的人。D项意为“喜欢”，故D项正确。
10．A 根据该句中的“why
they
should
bother
with
it”可知，此处表示对为什么要花费时间学历史有疑问；结合全句内容可知，对于那些对这门学科不太感兴趣，而且对为什么要花费时间学这门学科有疑问的人来说，需要更清楚地解释学这门学科的目的。A项意为“怀疑”，故A项正确。
11．B 根据上文可知，历史学科吸引了喜欢历史信息和相关思维方式的人；而对于对历史学科不太感兴趣的人来说，则需要更清楚地向他们解释学习这一学科的目的。并结合语境可知，该处说明历史学家的特点，并引出对上述问题的解释。B项意为“历史学家”，故B项正确。
12．D 根据该句中的“In
a
society
that
quite
correctly
expects
education
to
serve
__12__
purposes”，并结合该段尾句中的“History
is
in
fact
very
useful”和常识可知，社会期望教育有作用。D项意为“有用的”，故D项正确。
13．A 根据该句中的“history's
functions
can
seem
more
difficult
to
__13__
than
those
of
engineering
or
medicine”，并结合常识可知，历史学科的功能似乎比工程或医学学科的功能更难定义。A项意为“给下定义”，故A项正确。
14．D 根据该句中的“History
is
in
fact
very
useful,
actually
__14__”，并结合语境可推知，空处和“very
useful”对应，说明历史事实上是非常有用的，实际上是非常重要的。D项意为“极其重要的”，故D项正确。
15．C 根据该句中的“but
the
products
of
historical
study
are
often
less
__15__
and
immediate
than
those
of
other
subjects”可知，历史研究的成果往往不如其他学科的成果更有教育意义和即时的效果。C项意为“有教育意义的”，故C项正确。
16．B 根据下文所举的例子，并结合该句“History
helps
us
understand
people,
societies
and
how
they
__16__”可知，历史帮助我们了解人、社会以及他们是如何表现的。B项意为“表现”，故B项正确。
17．C 根据下文“Unfortunately,
major
aspects
of
the
society's
operation
cannot
be
set
up
as
precise
experiments”及该句中的“how
can
we
__17__
past
wars
and
future
threats
without
using
historical
materials”可推知，如果不使用历史资料，我们如何评估过去的战争和未来的威胁呢？C项意为“评估”，故C项正确。
18．A 根据上文可知，社会运转的重要方面不能作为精确的实验来设置，并结合该句可知，因此，历史必须作为我们的实验室，帮助我们了解我们是谁，我们为什么要做我们所做的事情。A项意为“因此”，故A项正确。
19．B 参见上题解析。B项意为“实验室”，故B项正确。
20．D 根据上文可知，历史帮助我们了解我们是谁和我们为什么要做我们所做的事情；据此可知，此处是说我们不能远离历史。D项意为“远离”，故D项正确。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，阅读益处多多，建议读者多读书。
1．collected 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，collect和其逻辑主语the
data构成动宾关系，与介词“by”呼应，故用其过去分词形式，填collected。
2．hopeful 考查形容词。修饰名词一般用形容词，所以用形容词hopeful修饰名词“pattern”，在句子中作定语，故填hopeful。
3．longer 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境中的比较级标志“than”可知，此处表示比较的含义，故填longer。
4．forces 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处叙述客观情况，应用一般现在时；主语为动名词短语“reading
books”，句子谓语用单数形式，故填forces。
5．connections 考查名词。connection是可数名词，与该句中的“from
one
chapter
to
another”呼应，表示复数概念，且其前无限定词修饰，故填connections。
6．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰前面的整个句子，故用which来引导该从句，填which。
7．to
carry 考查非谓语动词。seem
to
do
sth.为固定用法，故此处用不定式作宾语，故填to
carry。
8．an 考查冠词。instruction意为“操作指南”时是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，表示泛指，且其发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
9．are
involved 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；主语“many
parts
of
your
brain”为复数，be
involved
in“涉及，参与”符合语境，故填are
involved。
10．it/reading 考查代词或动名词。空处表示对本文主题“阅读”的再次点题，故填代词it或动名词reading。
课时练(三)
写作
第一节 短文改错
Our
school
sports
meeting
finally
came
to
end
last
Friday.
but
cheerful,
we
made
it
a
success.
I
can
say
it's
the
best
one
I
have
ever
taken
part
in.
The
opening
ceremony
was
a
feast
for
the
eyes.
To
begin
with,
the
headmaster
a
speech.
Then
came
various
，
including
singing,
dancing
and
kung
fu.
Besides,
some
students
dressed
up
as
dolls,
and
they
wanted
to
show
was
and
talent.
When
the
teachers'
shows
began,
the
audience
went
.
As
a
class
photographer,
I
took
pictures
of
many
brilliant
moments,
which,
doubt,
meant
a
lot
to
all
of
us.
①end前加an come
to
an
end固定短语“结束”。
②tiring改为tired 此处修饰人，意为“疲劳的”，应用tired。
③删除been take
part
in固定短语“参加”，此处表示“我”曾经参加过的最好的一次运动会，故不用被动语态。
④makes改为made 根据上文中的“last
Friday”可知，事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时。
⑤performance改为performances 根据下文提到的唱歌、跳舞等可知，此处表示不止一种表演，故应用复数形式。
⑥that改为what 分析句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，并且在从句中作宾语，表示“……的事物”，故用what。
⑦confident改为confidence 根据并列的名词talent可知，此处也应用名词形式。
⑧crazily改为crazy went在这里为连系动词，其后接形容词，故用crazy。
⑨such改为so 修饰many应用副词so。
⑩with改为without或no 根据语境可知，此处表示这些精彩的瞬间毫无疑问对我们所有人都非常重要。without/no
doubt固定短语“毫无疑问”。
第二节 书面表达
【参考范文】
Dear
Mr
President，
I'm
more
than
delighted
to
learn
that
some
of
us
students
will
have
an
opportunity
to
study
in
the
UK
as
exchange
students
for
two
months.I
am
desperate
for
it,
so
I'm
writing
to
apply
for
the
chance
to
study
abroad.In
the
first
place，my
parents
strongly
support
me
for
they
hold
the
firm
belief
that
studying
abroad
can
broaden
my
horizons
and
they
can
afford
all
the
expenses
there.Secondly，my
good
command/knowledge
of
English
enables
me
to
communicate
with
others
freely.And
I
am
outgoing
and
helpful，which
makes
it
easy
for
me
to
adjust/adapt
to
the
new
surroundings
as
well
as
fit
in
well
with/get
on
well
with
foreigners.Besides，having
great
interest
in
Britain
and
English，I'm
eager
to
further
improve
my
English
and
experience
English
culture
in
person.
I'd
appreciate
it
if
you
could
give
consideration
to
my
application.Looking
forward
to
your
approval.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
PAGE
-
18
-(共84张PPT)
(一)分类记单词
核心单词
记全记牢
1.____________ v. 怀疑
2．____________ vt. 服从；听从
3．____________ vt. 埋葬
4．____________ v. 误解
5．____________ n. 名誉；名声
6．____________ vt. 缺乏；没有
