初中英语动词不定式、动名词常见短语及配套练习（含答案）

初中英语动词不定式、动名词常见短语及配套练习！
一．后面可跟动词的ing形式的情况。
1.动词：
以下记住每一个词组的第一个动词。
finish
doing
sth.完成做某事；
enjoy
doing
sth.
喜欢做某事；
practice
doing
sth.
练习做某事；
imagine
doing,想象做某事；
avoid
doing
sth.避免做某事；
consider
doing
sth.考虑做某事；
suggest
doing
sth.建议做某事；
mind
doing
sth.介意做某事；
keep
doing
sth.持续做某事,
miss
doing错过做,
advise
doing建议做；
keep
sb
doing让某人一直做
2.固定短语：
feel
like
doing
sth.喜欢做某事；
be
busy
doing
sth.忙于做某事；
be
worth
doing
值得做某事；
spend
time
(in)
doing
sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事；
have
difficult/trouble
in
doing
sth做某事有困难；
have
fun
doing.做某事高兴
3.
介词后(on,
in,
of,
about,
at,
with,
without,
for,
from,
up,
by等)：
如：be
good
at
doing
sth.；thank
you
for
doing
sth.；give
up
doing
sth.；
stop
sb.
from
doing
sth.；do
well
in
doing
sth.；be
afraid
of
doing
sth.；
be
interested
in
doing
sth.；be
proud
of；instead
of；be
fond
of；
what/how
about
doing
sth?做某事怎么样？
4.
to作介词时，后跟动名词的情况：
look
forward
to
doing
sth期望做某事；
prefer
doing
sth.
to
doing
sth与…相比较更喜欢…；
pay
attention
to
doing注意做某事；
be/get
used
to
doing
sth.习惯于做某事；
make
a
contribution
to
doing为…做贡献
5.
No+动名词，表示禁令：
No
smoking禁止吸烟
No
parking禁止停车
6.
go+动名词，意思是去进行某种活动或运动：
go
shopping,去购物；
go
skating,去滑冰；
go
hiking去远足（旅行）
7.
do
some/the+动名词，指进行某种活动：
do
some
cleaning,搞卫生；
do
some
washing
洗衣服；
二．后面可跟动词的不定式形式的情况。
1.动词：
agree
（sb）to
do同意去做；
afford
to
do买得起；
decide
to
do决定去做某事；
hope
to
do希望去做；
wish
（sb）to
do希望去做；
fail
to
do做某事失败去；
plan
to
do打算去做；
pretend
to
do假装去做；
refuse
to
do拒绝去做；
would
like
to
do想要去做；
want
（sb）to
do想要去做某事；
learn
to
do
学做；
prefer
to
do
sth.
喜欢（爱）做某事；
sb.
seem
to
do
sth好像做某事；
want/would
like
to
do
sth.
想做……；
used
to
do
sth.
过去常做某事
2.句型：
(1)动词：
allow
sb.
to
do
sth.
允许某人去做某事（区分
allow
doing
sth）
ask
sb.
(not)
to
do
sth.
叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）
tell
sb.
(not)
to
do
sth.
叫某人去（不要）做某事
follow
sb.
to
do
sth.
跟随某人去做某事
get
sb.
to
do
sth.
让某人去做某事
warn
sb.
(not)
to
do
sth.
警告某人做某事（或不要做某事）
encourage
sb
to
do鼓励某人做
、expect
sb
to
do期待某人做
invite
sb
to
do邀请某人做、teach
sb
to
do教会某人做
advise
sb
to
do建议某人做
（区分下
advise/suggest
doing
sth）
(2)
Be+adj（情感类的形容词）+to
do
be
amazed
to
do
sth.
对做某事感到惊讶
be
afraid
to
do
sth.
害怕做某事
be
excited
to
do
sth.
对做……感到兴奋
be
frightened
to
do
sth.
害怕去做某事
be
glad
/
happy
to
do
sth.
高兴去做某事
be
/
get
ready
to
do
sth.准备做某事
be
sorry
to
do
sth.
对做某事感到抱歉
be
surprised
to
do
sth.
对做某事感到惊奇
（3）动词不定式在句中作定语时一般都要放在所修饰名词或代词的后面。
如：
1、a
chance
to
do
sth
做某事的一个机会
2、the
way
to
do
sth
做某事的办法
3、the
best
time
to
do
sth
做某事的最佳时间
4、something
to
eat
一些吃的东西
5、something
to
drink
一些喝的东西
6、a
lot
of
work
to
do
许多要做的工作
如:
get
/
have
a
chance
to
do
sth.
得到一个做某事的机会
（4）
It’s+形容词（adj.）+for(of)
+sb
+to
do
sth对某人来说做某事怎么样
?
分析：形容词（adj.）修饰文中的事情既to
do
sth时，人前的介词用for
；
但是如果形容词（adj.）修饰文中的人既sb时，人前面的介词用of.
如：①It’s
hard
for
me
to
learn
English
well.（句子
hard
是修饰动词不定式to
learn
english
well，意为学好英语难，所以用的介词是for
sb.）
②It’s
kind
of
you
to
help
me.（句中kind“善良的”修饰you(人)
意为你善良，所以介词用of
sb.）
（5）其它的常考情况：
It
takes
sb.
some
time/money
to
do
sth.
花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）
It’s
best
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
对某人来说做某事是最好的
It’s
time
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
是某人做某事的时候了
can’t
wait
to
do
sth.
迫不急待地去做某事
too…(for
sb.)
to
…太……以致不能……
（和not…
enough
to
do意思相同）
prefer
to
do
sth.
rather
than
do
sth.
宁愿……而不愿……（常考注意：I
prefer
playing
basketball
to
going
fishing
.和
I
prefer
to
play
basketball
rather
than
go
fishing.和I
would
rather
play
basketball
than
go
fishing.这三句是同义句）
sth.
is
hard/difficult/easy
to
do
做好某事很难/容易
take
turns
to
do
sth.
轮流做……
There
is
no
time
(for
sb.
)
to
do
sth.
对（某人来说）没时间做某事了
There
is
no
need
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.
对某人来说没必要做某事
try/do
one’s
best
to
do
sth.
尽力去做某事
三、后既能跟不定式也能跟动名词的情况。
1、后加不定式或动名词意思相近的动词。
有些动词接动名词V.+ing和动词不定式to
do意义相近。
如：like(喜欢)，love(喜欢)，hate(憎恨)，prefer(宁可)，begin(开始)，start(开始)，continue(继续)等词后加不定式或动名词区别不大：
分析：
like
to
do
表示想要做某一具体的动作；
like
doing
表示一般或抽象的多次动作,
它们在实际使用中区别很小。
2、后加不定式或动名词区别较大的动词：
remember
to
do(记住去做),
remember
doing(记得做过)
;
forget
to
do(忘记去做),
forget
doing(忘记做过)
;
try
to
do(设法做)
,
try
doing(试着做)
;
go
on
to
do(接着做另一事)
,
go
on
doing(继续做同一事)
;
stop
to
do(停下来去做)
,
stop
doing(停止做);
can’t
help
to
do(不能帮助做)
,
can’t
help
doing(情不自禁做)
。
四、后跟不带to的不定式（动词原形）的情况。
1．在感官动词和使役动词后：feel，
hear，listen
to，watch，look
at，see，
notice
，make，let，have等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时应省去不定式符号to。
注意：将此句改为被动句时，省去的不定式符号to应加上。
在动词help后跟不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时，既可带to，也可不带to。
2.助动词或情态动词后：do,
did,
does,
will,
shall,
would,
should,
can,
may,
must等后面接不带to的动词不定式。
3.某些固定句型中：
1）Will（Would）you
please（not）．．．？请（不要）做某事好吗？
2）had
better最好做某事
3）Why
not．．．？为何不做某事
4)
would
rather(not)...宁可(不)；宁愿(不)此句型也可以扩展成：would
rather...than...=would...rather
than...。
5）在祈使语气(或口语)中。
6）接省to的动词不定式做宾语补足语的动词有：（使役动词）
1.】make
sb
do
使某人做
2.】let
sb.do让某人做
3.】have
sb
do使某人做
4.】help
sb
do
to
do帮助某人做
五．既可跟动词原形又可跟动词ing形式的情况。
1.
see,watch,hear等动词，后面既可跟原形又可跟动名词形式，跟原形时表示做过或经常做，跟动名词时表示正在做：
see/watch
sb.
do
sth.看到某人做过(经常做）某事
see/watch
sb.
doing
sth.看到某人正在做某事
hear
sb.
do
sth.听到某人做过（经常做）某事
hear
sb.
doing
sth.听到某人正在做某事
2.
有些动词具有不同的词义时，用法不同：
如：
need需要，必须(既可以做实义动词，也可做情态动词)
①sb
need
to
do某人（做主语）需要做某事
②sth
need
doing=
sth
need
to
be
done某事（做主语）需要被做
如：The
bike
needs
repairing.含被动之意，相当于
The
bike
needs
to
be
repaired.
③You
needn’t(译：不必)come。这里need为情态动词。
3.
动词过去分词作后置定语，有被动之意。
（1）一个叫…的（人，地名），如：
a
boy
called
/
named
Jim.
a
place
called
Liaoning.
a
place
called
Dayushu.
（2）某人写的书，如：
a
book
written
by
Lu
Xun
非谓语动词（不定式和动名词）专练
（
）1.
Mother
told
her
son
in
the
street.
A.
not
play
B.
to
not
play
C.
doesn’t
play
D.
not
to
play
(
)
2.
His
wish
was
a
scientist.
A.
to
becomes
B.
becomes
C.
become
D.
to
become
(
)
3.
It’s
raining
hard.
You’d
better
.
A.
go
out
B.
not
go
out
C.
not
to
go
out
D.
to
not
out
(
)
4.
Do
you
know
washing
machine?
A.
where
to
get
B.
to
where
to
get
C.
where
get
D.
to
where
get
(
)
5.
The
students
don’t
know
next.
A.
how
to
B.
what
to
do
C.
what
do
D.
do
what
(
)
6.
Would
you
mind
me
how
English
words?
A.
telling
,
to
remember
B.
telling,
remember
C.
tell,
to
remember
D.
tell,
remember
(
)
7.
Mr.
Brown
asked
us
to
stop
,
and
we
stopped
him
at
once.
A.
talking,
to
listen
to
B.
to
talk,
to
listen
C.
talking,
listening
D.
talk,
listen
(
)
8.
--What
are
you
going
to
be
after
you
finish
college?
--I’m
going
to
be
a
singer,
but
my
parents
me
to
be
a
doctor.
A.
hope
B.
want
C.
make
D.
let
(
)
9.--
I
saw
Betty
go
to
Grandpa
Zhang’s
home
just
now.
--Yes
,
she
is
often
seen
the
old
man
with
his
housework.
A.
help
B.
to
help
C.
helps
D.
helped
(
)
10.
---Do
you
need
to
get
there
before
ten?
---No,
I
.
A.
don’t
have
to
B.
don’t
need
C.
can’t
D.
mustn’t
（
）11.---
What
did
you
do
yesterday?
---I
_____
a
whole
day
____homework.
spent;
doing
B.
spend;
doing
C.
spent;
to
do
D.
spend;
to
do
(
)
12.
After
she
finished
the
letter,
she
went
to
bed.
A.
to
write
B.
writing
C.
written
D.
wrote
(
)
13.
It
was
very
late
at
night,
he
still
went
on
.
A.
works
B.
worked
C.
working
D.
work
(
)
14.--
Have
you
finish
the
book?
--Not
yet.
I’ll
try
it
to
you
before
Friday.
reading,
returning,
B.
to
read,
to
return
C.
reading,
to
return,
D.
to
read,
returning
(
)
15.
The
old
man
is
strong
enough.
He
prefers
to
.
A.
walking,
riding
B.
walk,
ride
C.
to
walk,
ride
D.
walking,
ride
(
)
16.
I
have
quite
a
few
people
.
A.
take
care
of
B.
to
take
care
of
C.
to
take
care
D.
take
care
(
)
17.
I
usually
forget
the
door,
but
I
remembered
it
when
I
left
yesterday.
closing,
closing
B.
to
close,
to
close
C.
to
close,
closing
D.
closing,
to
close
(
)
18.
I’m
made
thirsty
by
the
strange
thing.
A.
feel
B.
feeling
C.
to
feel
D.
felt
(
)19.I
often
use
pens
____
my
homework.
write
B.
to
write
C.
writing
D.
writes
(
)
20.
I’m
sorry
your
friend
is
ill.
A.
hear
B.
to
hear
C.
listen
D.
to
listen
(
)
21.
---Will
you
please
tell
John
to
come
to
my
office?
---
.
A.
Yes,
I
do
B.
I’ll
be
glad
C.
Thank
you
D.
I’ll
be
glad
to
(
)
22.
Have
you
read
the
book?
It’s
worth
.
A.
read
B.
to
read
C.
reading
D.
to
reading
(
)
23.
This
box
is
too
heavy
for
the
child
.
A.
to
carry
it
B.
to
carry
C.
carrying
D.
carrying
it
(
)
24.
The
young
man
is
old
enough
the
army.
A.
join
B.
joining
C.
to
join
D.
joins
(
)
25.
The
flowers
need
.
A.
watering
B.
to
water
C.
water
D.
watered
(
)
26.
--Have
you
finished
the
work?
--Not
yet,
but
no
matter
how
hard
it
is,
we’ll
keep
until
we
make
it.
A.
failed
B.
trying
C.
tried
D.
falling
(
)
27.
--Do
you
want
to
eat
something?
--
.
thanks.
I
am
feeling
sick
now.
I
don’t
feel
like
.
A.
Yes,
eating
something
B.
No,
to
eat
anything
C.
Yes,
to
eat
anything
D.
No,
eating
anything
(
)
28.--
Do
you
still
remember
me
sometime
in
Shanghai?
--Yes,
of
course.
Two
years
ago.
A.
to
see
B.
see
C.
seeing
D.
saw
(
)
29.
It
took
us
a
long
time
Hawaii,
but
we
thought
the
journey
was
enjoyable.
A.
to
get
B.
getting
C.
to
reach
D.
reaching
(
)
30.
It’s
important
the
piano
well.
A.
of
him
to
play
B.
for
him
to
play
C.
of
him
playing
D.
for
him
playing
(
)
31.
Good
manners
usually
help
people
to
each
other.
A.
get
on
well
with
B.
get
started
C.
get
together
D.
get
ready
(
)
32.
Our
teacher
always
tell
us
more
English
in
and
out
of
class.
A.
speak
B.
spoken
C.
to
speak
D.
speaking
(
)
33.
My
mother
often
asks
me
early.
A.
get
up
B.
got
up
C.
getting
up
D.
to
get
up
(
)
34.
--Shopping
with
me?
--Sorry,
I
have
a
lot
of
clothes
.
A.
to
wash
B.
washed
C.
wash
D.
to
be
washed
(
)
35.
She
needs
some
paper
to
.
A.
write
B.
write
in
C.
write
with
D.
write
on
(
)
36.
Listening!
Can
you
hear
a
baby
?
A.
cry
B.
to
cry
C.
crying
D.
cries
(
)
37.
When
people
want
to
relax
themselves,
they
prefer
TV
or
listen
to
music
rather
than
newspapers.
A.
watching,
read
B.
watching,
to
read
C.
to
watch,
read
D.
to
watch,
reading
(
)
38.
Will
you
go
shopping
together
with
us
this
Saturday,
Jenny?
Yes.
.
A.
I
do
B.
I’d
like
to
C.
I’d
love
to
do
D.
I’m
busy
参考答案：
1---5
DDBAB
6—10AAABA
11—15ABCCA
16—20
BCCBB
21—25DCBCA
26—30
BDCCB
31—35
ACDAD
36—38
CDB