Module 3 Literature Grammar

(共15张PPT)
Module 3
Literature
倒装句
一、 倒装句之全部倒装
　　全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：
　　1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
　　There goes the bell.
　　Then came the chairman.
　　Here is your letter.
Inversion
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
　　Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
　　Ahead sat an old woman.
　　注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：Here he comes. Away they went.
Inversion
二、倒装句之部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1)句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
Inversion
1) Why can’t I smoke here At no time___ in the meeting-room
is smoking permitted
B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted
D. does smoking permit
2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know　 B. man know　
C. didn’t man know　 D. did man know　
Inversion
三、以否定词开头作部分倒装
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
Inversion
典型例题
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began　
　B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin
　D. had the game begun
注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.
Inversion
四、so, neither, nor作部分倒装
表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you won’t go, neither will I.
Inversion
典型例题
-Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother
-I don’t know, _____.
A. nor don’t I care
B. nor do I care
C. I don’t care neither
D. I don’t care also
Inversion
注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
-It’s raining hard.　
-So it is.
Inversion
五、only在句首要倒装的情况
Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
Inversion
强 调 句
基本句型 I：It is (was)+被强调成分+that (who, whom)+其余成分
I am going to Beijing to attend a meeting tomorrow morning by air.
It is I who (that) am going to Beijing to attend a meeting tomorrow morning by air.
It is tomorrow morning that I am going to Beijing to attend a meeting by air.
It is by air that I am going to Beijing to attend a meeting tomorrow morning .
Emphatic Sentence
a.强调句可以用来强调除谓语之外的任何成分。 b.强调句中的 It 决不会因为被强调的成分是复数而改变。
c.强调句中只用 It is… 和It was… 两种形式， 如果原句中谓语动词属过去时范畴（一般
过去时， 过去完成时和过去进行时）， 就用It was… ， 其余时态均用It is…
d.强调句中的连接词一般只用 that（被强调
部分是人时也可以用 who ,whom ）， 是不用 when和 where的。
e.强调句中的 that ,who ,whom 是不能省略的。
Emphatic Sentence
注意事项
It is (was) not until...被强调部分+that+其余成分。
She didn’t give me a reply until one week later.
It was not until one week later that she gave me a reply.
I didn’t know anything about it until she told me.
It was not until she told me that I knew anything about it.
Emphatic Sentence
基本句型Ⅱ
Homework
Review the grammar points and finish the exercises on Page103.