高考英语定语从句 课件（39张PPT）

(共39张PPT)
Who
is
it?
?
?
?
Yi
Jianlian
who
is
very
tall
is
a
basketball
player.
1.定
义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句
2.功能作用：对名词或代词进行修饰限制或说明
3.构
成:
①
主句:
main
sentence
②
从句:
clause
③
先行词:
被定语从句修饰的词（n/pron.）
④
关系词:
引导定语从句的词
Yi
Jianlian
who
is
very
tall
is
a
basketball
player.
Introduction:
relative
words
关系词(引导词)：
引导定语从句的词
关系代词:that,
which,
who(m),
whose
关系副词:
when,
where,
why
①
功能:
functions
连接主从句
指代先行词
c.
在从句中
充当句子成分
②
分类:
types
Task1
:Guessing
Game
He
is
a
Chinese
scientist
who/that
made
the
first
seismograph(地震仪).
Zhang
Heng
He
was
a
great
Chinese
navigator（航海家）
who/
that
made
seven
voyages
to
the
Indian
Ocean.
Zheng
He
He
is
a
Chinese
basketball
player
who
is
in
the
Rockets
in
NBA.
Yao
Ming
小结：先行词是指人，关系代词用who\that，在定语从句中作主语
1.He
is
a
Chinese
scientist
who/that
made
the
first
seismograph(地震仪).
2.He
was
a
great
Chinese
navigator
who/
that
made
seven
voyages
to
the
Indian
Ocean.
3.He
is
a
Chinese
basketball
player
who\that
is
in
the
Rockets
in
NBA.
I
like
a
teacher
who/that
has
a
good
way
of
making
his
class
interesting
and
lively
What
kind
of
teacher
do
you
like
best?
I
like
a
teacher
who/that…
The
students
(that/whom)
Mr
Chen
like
best
should
be
helpful
and
honest.
What
kind
of
students
does
Mr
Chen
like
best?
The
students
(that/whom)
Mr
Chen
like
best…
小结：先行词是指人，关系代词用that/whom
，在定语从句中作宾语
It
is
the
only
country
that
covers
an
entire
continent.
Australia
No.
9
High
School
is
a
school
which/that
is
very
beautiful
This
is
our
school
which/
that
we
love
very
much.
This
is
our
dormitory
building
which/
that
is
beautiful
and
clean.
1.No.9
High
School
is
a
school
which/that
is
very
beautiful
2.This
is
our
school
which/
that
we
love
very
much.
3.This
is
our
dormitory
building
which/
that
is
beautiful
and
clean.
4.It
is
the
only
country
that
covers
an
entire
continent.
小结：先行词是指物，关系代词用which\that，在定语从句中作主语或宾语
This
is
the
dining
hall
whose
food
is
very
delicious
Workers
built
shelters
for
survivors.
Their
homes
had
been
destroyed.
Workers
built
shelters
for
survivors
whose
homes
had
been
destroyed.
survivors
Their
小结:
whose
在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词
与
whose
后的名词为所属关系。
Do
you
know
the
girl
whose
hair
is
very
short
in
our
class?
He
is
the
student
whose
pencil
I
broke
yesterday.
Do
some
exercises:
the
girl
Her
the
student
his
3.
Ms
King
was
quickly
taken
to
hospital.
Her
legs
were
badly
hurt.
Her
4.We
shall
make
a
decision
about
Ms
King.
I
have
told
you
her
story.
her
Ms
King
Ms
King
whose
在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词
与
whose
后的名词为所属关系。
whose
多指人，也可指物，指物时可与
of
which
互换使用。
This
is
the
book
whose
cover
is
blue.
This
is
the
book
of
which
the
cover
is
blue.
This
is
the
book
the
cover
of
which
is
blue.
关系代词用法
人／物
主／宾
主／宾
主／宾
宾语
定语
人
人
人／物
物
关系代词
　
指代
在从句中
的作用
that
which
who
whom
whose
(=of
which)
Task:
Practice
Please
make
sentences
with
the
pictures
and
the
given
key
words,
using
the
Attributive
Clauses.
The
man
_________________
is
Liuxiang.
who
ran
fastest
Liuxiang
is
the
man
________________.
who
ran
fastest
The
girl
__________________
is
Mary.
who
/that
is
running
a
boy，
has
a
scar，
face
Harry
Porter
is
a
boy
____________
_____________________.
who/that
has
a
scar
on
his
face.
Beckham
is
a
football
player.
He
is
handsome.
Beckham
______________
is
a
football
player,
,who
is
handsome
The
city
_________________________________
___________________
is
Beijing.
which
hosted
the
2008
Olympic
Games
The
city
host(举办)
2oo8
Olympic
Games
Beijing
Which
house
is
mine?
房顶是红色的房子是我的。
The
house
_________________
is
mine.
whose
roof
is
red
My
house
Taizhou
be
hit
typhoon
name
Rosa
Taizhou
was
hit
by
the
typhoon
whose
name
was
Rosa.
=the
name
of
which
The
typhoon
attacked
Taizhou
on
Oct.
7th
last
year
More
practice---
谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。
He
who
laughs
last
laughs
best.
不到长城非好汉.
He
who
has
never
been
to
the
Great
Wall
is
not
a
true
man.
proverbs
定语从句中that
与which
的选择
That
与
which
的共同点:
指物时，一般可以互换
Susan
wears
a
suit
that
she
bought
last
month.
Susan
wears
a
suit
which
she
bought
last
month.
关系代词that和which
1
Finally,
the
thief
handed
everything
he
had
stolen.
归纳:
1
先行词为不定代词everything，little,
much，all，anything，nothing用that
。
2
This
is
the
best
book
I’ve
ever
read.
3
The
first
place
they
visited
in
London
was
the
Big
Ben.
归纳:
2
先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。
4
All
can
be
done
has
been
done.
I
have
read
all
the
books
you
gave
me.
归纳:
3
先行词被
all,
any
,no
,little,
much,
some
,every
修饰时用that
that
(that)
that
that
that
6
This
is
the
very
dictionary
I
want
to
buy.
7
After
the
fire
in
his
house,
the
old
car
is
the
only
thing
he
owned.
归纳:
４.
先行词被the
only，the
very，the
last
修饰时，用that。
8
Can
you
remember
the
scientist
and
his
theory
we
have
learned?
归纳:
5
先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。
9
Yesterday
I
caught
two
fish
and
them
in
a
basin
of
water.
Now
you
can
see
the
two
are
still
alive.
归纳:
6
当先行词为数词时,用that。
that
that
that
that
10
Who
is
the
man
is
standing
there?
11
Which
is
the
T-shirt
fits
me
most?
归纳:
7
当先行词前面有who,
which等疑问代词时,
用that。
12
There's
still
a
seat
in
the
corner
is
still
free.
归纳:
8
主句是There
be结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词。
that
that
that
归纳:
关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换,但是下面情况只能用that.
1
先行词为不定代词everything，little,
much，all，anything，nothing。
2
先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。
3
先行词被
all,
any
,no
,little,
much,
some
,every修饰时
４先行词被the
only，the
very，the
last
修饰时，用that。
5
先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。
6
当先行词为数词时,用that。
7
当先行词前面有who,
which等疑问代词时,
用that。
8
主句是There
be结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词。
Make
a
report
about
the
typhoon
(using
who,
that,
which,
which)
There
was
a
typhoon
___________
attacked
Taizhou
on
Oct.
7th
last
year.
It
was
a
strong
typhoon
___________
stayed
in
Zhejiang
for
a
long
time.
It
brought
strong
wind
and
heavy
rain,
______
caused
a
lot
of
damage.
More
than
5
million
people
went
through
the
typhoon,
among
______
many
people
were
trapped
or
injured.
Many
buildings
fell
down.
It
caused
flood
and
mud-rock
flow
in
many
places,
_____
resulted
in
a
loss
of
more
than
4.5
billion
money.
Teams
were
organized
to
rescue
those
______
were
trapped
and
help
was
given
to
those
______
suffered
from
the
typhoon.
Luckily,
it
was
reported
that
no
one
was
killed.
that
\which
that
/
which
which
whom
which
who
who
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别：
The
number
of
people
who
were
killed
or
injured
reached
more
that
400,000.
It
was
felt
in
Beijing,
which
is
more
than
two
hundred
kilometres
away.
　限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
意义
起限制作用，若被省去，原句意义不完整；
起补充说明作用，若被省去，原句意义不受影响；
形式
前面没有逗号
前面有逗号
关系词
可用that
代替人或物，作宾语时可以省略
不可用that
引导，作宾语时也不能省略