(共31张PPT)
Unit
1 Great
scientists
-2-
1.put
forward提出
[教材原句]Who
put
forward
a
theory
about
black
holes?(P1)
谁提出了关于黑洞的理论?
语境巧练
单句填空
①Mary
is
really
good
at
taking
notes
in
class.She
can
put________
almost
every
word
her
teacher
says.?
②Mary
couldn’t
put
up
the
terrible
working
conditions
in
that
factory
and
resigned
last
week.?
③Not
everybody
attending
the
meeting
agreed
to
the
suggestion
put
by
the
chairman.?
down
with
forward
-3-
考点必记
put
away收拾起来;储存(钱)
put
back(时钟)向后拨;(把东西)放回原处
put
down写下 put
off推迟
put
on穿;增加体重;上演(戏剧)
put
out熄灭
put
up举起;张贴;为……提供食宿
put
up
with忍受
-4-
2.conclude
vt.
&
vi.结束;推断出
[经典例句]The
enquiry
concluded
that
the
accident
had
been
caused
by
human
error.调查得出结论,事故是人为失误造成的。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Don’t
jump
to
a
(conclude)
whether
a
child
is
clever
or
stupid
from
his
or
her
points
in
an
examination.?
② conclusion,I
should
like
to
say
how
much
I
have
enjoyed
myself.?
③Over
the
years
I’ve
come
to
the
conclusion
she’s
a
very
great
musician.?
④The
annual
singing
contest
concluded
a
beautiful
Chinese
song.?
conclusion
In
that
with
-5-
考点必记
①conclude
that...
推断出;推论出
to
conclude=in
conclusion总而言之(作插入语)
②conclusion
n.结论,结束
arrive
at/come
to/draw/reach
a/the
conclusion得出结论;告一段落
bring...to
a
conclusion
使……结束
jump
to
conclusions过早下结论;贸然断定
考点提示
conclude意为“结束”时,常与介词with/by连用。
-6-
3.attend
v.照顾;护理;出席;参加
[教材原句]John
Snow
was
a
famous
doctor
in
London—so
expert,indeed,that
he
attended
Queen
Victoria
as
her
personal
physician.(P2)约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛,因而成了维多利亚女王的私人医生。
语境巧练
单句填空
①In
total,there
must
be
around
1,000
people
(attend)
the
night
school.?
②Usually
children
are
allowed
(attend)
school
when
they
are
six
years
old.?
③Please
do
attend
your
work;you
must
concentrate
on
what
is
important
for
your
future
development.?
attending
to
attend
to
-7-
考点必记
①attend
a
lecture/school/classes听讲座/上学/上课
attend
on陪伴,伺候某人
attend
to处理;注意;护理
have
an
urgent
matter
to
attend
to有急事要处理
②attendant
n.侍者,服务人员
③attendance
n.出席;出席人数
-8-
4.expose
vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光
[教材原句]But
he
became
inspired
when
he
thought
about
helping
ordinary
people
exposed
to
cholera.(P2)
但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通老百姓时,他就感到振奋。
语境巧练
单句填空
①She
said
social
media
firms
were
exposing
children
major
emotional
risks.?
②
(expose)
to
online
games
too
long
a
time
may
do
harm
to
one’s
brain.?
③When
(expose)
to
danger
and
conflict,men
tend
to
increase
blood
pressure,feeling
nervous
and
anxious.?
to
Being
exposed
exposed
-9-
考点必记
expose
sth.揭露/显露出某事物
expose...to...使暴露;显露
expose
sb.
to
sth.让某人接触某物
be
exposed
to接触……;经受……
考点提示
expose...to结构中的to是介词,后接名词或动词-ing形式做宾语。
-10-
5.cure
n.治愈;痊愈 vt.治愈;治疗
[教材原句]Neither
its
cause
nor
its
cure
was
understood.(P2)人们既不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。
语境巧练
单句填空
①My
son
is
very
naughty
and
has
formed
some
bad
habits.I
think
I
should
cure
him
them.?
②I
don’t
doubt
that
the
medicine
is
a
cure
cancer.?
③The
little
girl
(treat)
with
a
new
drug
last
month.?
④It
seems
that
nobody
can
cure
me
of
(smoke).?
of
for
was
treated
smoking
-11-
考点必记
①cure
sb.治疗好某人
cure
sb.of...
消除……;治愈……;纠正……
②a
cure
for...
针对……的治疗(法)
近义辨析
①cure强调结果(治愈),宾语可以是人或疾病,有时也表示“矫正,革除(恶习等)”。
②treat表示“治疗”时多接人做宾语,强调治疗这一动作。
-12-
6.suggest
+that
从句
[教材原句]The
first
suggested
that
cholera
multiplied
in
the
air.(P2)第一种看法表明霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
mayor
suggested
that
all
the
old
buildings
(pull)
down
as
early
as
possible.?
②His
accent
suggests
that
he
(come)
from
Hunan
Province.?
完成句子
③会议主席的表情表明她对协议不满意。
The
chairwoman’s
expression
suggested
that
she
with
the
agreement.?
(should)
be
pulled
comes
was
not
satisfied
-13-
考点必记
suggest后接that从句有以下两种用法:
①suggest表示“建议,提议”时,that从句中的谓语使用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
②suggest表示“说明,表明,暗示”等意义时,从句中并不需要使用“should+动词原形”,而是根据具体时间信息使用相应时态。
-14-
7.blame
vt.责备;谴责 n.过失;责备
[教材原句]It
seemed
that
the
water
was
to
blame.(P2)看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了。
语境巧练
单句填空
①She
stole
the
money
but
she’s
trying
to
put
the
blame
me.?
②Some
experts
believe
it
is
the
grandparents
who
are
(blame)
for
the
spoiled
children.?
③Blamed
the
breakdown
of
the
school
computer
network,Alice
was
in
low
spirits.?
on
to
blame
for
-15-
考点必记
①blame
for因为……而责怪
blame...on/upon...把……归咎于……
be
to
blame
for...因为……而受责备
②take
the
blame
for...
对某事负责;承担责任
put/lay
the
blame
for
sth.on
sb.把某事归咎于某人
-16-
8.link...to
将……和……联系或连接起来
[教材原句]In
another
part
of
London,he
found
supporting
evidence
from
two
other
deaths
that
were
linked
to
the
Broad
Street
outbreak.(P3)在伦敦的另一个地方,他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Research
has
established
a
link
smoking
and
lung
cancer.?
②The
first
step
of
the
operation
is
to
join
this
bone
that
one.?
③I
don’t
think
the
bus
driver
is
connected
the
recent
accident.?
between
to
with
-17-
考点必记
①be
linked
to...
和……有联系
link...with
用……把……连接起来;联系
a
link
between
A
and
B
A和B之间的联系
②join...to
把……与……连接、联合
connect...to
把……连接到……
connect...with
把……与联系、连接起来
be
connected
with与……有联系
-18-
9.announce
vt.宣布;通告
[教材原句]With
this
extra
evidence
John
Snow
was
able
to
announce
with
certainty
that
polluted
water
carried
the
germs.(P3)有了这个额外的证据,约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布,这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。
语境巧练
单句填空
①It
is
(announce)
by
the
school
office
that
the
sports
meet
will
be
put
off
till
next
Monday.?
②Entering
the
classroom,our
head
teacher
announced
that
he
had
an
(announce)
to
make.?
③He
also
announced
us
that
we
would
have
to
finish
all
the
homework
the
teachers
had
given
us.?
announced
announcement
to
-19-
考点必记
①announce
(to
sb.)
sth./that...
宣布/发布某事
It
is
announced
that...据称/已宣布……
②announcement
n.通告;宣告;宣布
make
an
announcement下通知;宣布
考点提示
表示“对某人宣布某事”不能说announce
sb.sth.,但可以说
announce
sth.to
sb.或announce
to
sb.
sth./that...。
-20-
10.contribute
vt.
&
vi.捐献;贡献;捐助
[高考佳句]No
doubt
the
theater
has
contributed
to
the
area’s
development
and
economic
growth.(2018·江苏卷)毫无疑问,剧院为该地区的发展和经济增长做出了贡献。
语境巧练
单句填空
①We
should
never
forget
those
who
contributed
the
liberation
of
the
Chinese
people.?
②The
signing
of
such
an
agreement
would
be
a
major
(contribute)
towards
world
peace.?
完成句子
③吃太多的脂肪有可能导致心脏病和高血压。
Eating
too
much
fat
can
heart
diseases
and
cause
high
blood
pressure.?
to
contribution
contribute
to
-21-
考点必记
①contribute
to为……做出贡献;把(时间)投入;给……投稿;有助于;是……的原因
contribute
one’s
share尽自己的一份力量
contribute
much
to
a
fund为基金提供大量捐款
②contribution
n.贡献;捐款(赠);投稿
make
a
contribution/contributions
to为……做出贡献
-22-
11.apart
from除……之外;此外
[教材原句]Apart
from
the
construction
mentioned
above,you
have
also
learned
the
following
phrases.(P4)除了上面提到的结构,你们还学过以下的一些短语。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Apart
the
assignment
said
above,you
have
to
write
a
200-word
composition
on
environmental
pollution.?
②Your
composition
was
well
written
except
a
few
spelling
mistakes.?
③In
addition
the
school,the
village
has
a
clinic,which
was
also
built
with
government
support.?
from
for
to
-23-
考点必记
近义辨析
apart
from除……之外(表示包括在内);除……之外(表示排除)
except
for
除……之外(表示排除)
in
addition
to=besides除……以外还(表示包括在内)
except
that后接句子,用来表示理由或细节
写作佳句
I’m
quite
strong
except
that
I
have
a
slight
cold.除了轻微感冒之外,我身体很好。
-24-
12.make
sense讲得通;有意义
[教材原句]Only
if
you
put
the
sun
there
did
the
movements
of
the
other
planets
in
the
sky
make
sense.(P7)只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
语境巧练
单句填空
①I
can’t
make
sense
this
poem,but
perhaps
I
will
if
I
read
it
again.?
②There
is
no
sense
helping
him
if
he
doesn’t
make
an
effort
to
help
himself.?
③ no
sense
do
I
agree
with
this
suggestion.?
of
in
In
-25-
考点必记
make
sense
of理解;明白
make
no
sense没有道理;没有意义
in
a/one
sense在某种意义上 in
no
sense绝不是;绝非
sense
of
direction方向感 common
sense常识
There
is
no
sense
in
doing
sth.做某事没有意义。
-26-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.You
can
depend
on
the
driver
because
he
is
always
driving
(cautious).?
2.After
school,some
students
in
that
school
took
part
in
the
online
games
(enthusiastic).?
3.If
every
one
of
us
is
unkind
to
him,the
newcomer
will
feel
(reject).?
4.He
was
instructed
to
act
with
extreme
(cautious).?
5.He
(lay)
them
on
the
table,looked
eagerly
towards
the
window,then
rose
and
went
out.?
6.In
(conclude),you
must
convince
me
of
your
ability
before
you
are
employed.?
cautiously
enthusiastically
rejected
caution
laid
conclusion
-27-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
7.Thank
you
for
your
(enquire)
about
my
family.?
8.When
entering
the
room,we
found
the
girl
absorbed
reading
a
novel.?
9.This
is
one
of
the
teaching
buildings
(build)
last
year
in
our
school.?
10. (strict)
speaking,you
can’t
smoke
in
our
science
lab.?
enquiry
in
built
Strictly
-28-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.He
can’t
afford
the
movie,because
he
has
many
things
to
attend
this
evening. ?
2.From
the
stomach
the
disease
quickly
attacked
the
body
but
soon
the
affected
person
died. ?
3.To
tell
the
truth,my
teacher
is
not
so
strict
with
us,but
he
is
strict
with
his
work. ?
4.Officials
believe
that
more
than
one
person
may
be
blame
for
the
fire. ?
5.A
woman,who
had
moved
away
from
the
village,liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
his
house
every
day. ?
attend后加to
but→and
第二个with→in
be后加to
his→her
-29-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
6.Nobody
wants
to
make
friends
with
the
boy
suspecting
of
having
stolen
money.
?
7.These
children
are
never
exposing
to
classical
music;they
know
nothing
about
it. ?
8.I
am
sure
David
will
be
able
to
find
the
library
—he
has
a
pretty
good
sense
in
direction. ?
9.Career
advisors
often
suggested
people
found
a
job
where
they
could
get
a
sense
of
achievement. ?
10.Always
read
the
instruction
on
the
bottle
carefully
and
take
the
right
amount
of
medicine. ?
suspecting→suspected
exposing→exposed
in→of
found→find
instruction→instructions
-30-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅲ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.在课堂上,我们的老师对我们很严格。(strict)
2.老师经常提出一些问题让我们去思考。(put
forward)
3.我们全身心地投入到我们的学习中。(absorb)
4.只有经过不断的努力,我们的学习才能够取得进步。(含only的倒装句)
5.此外,老师还经常向我们介绍一些先进的学习方法。(apart
from)
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
-31-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
In
class,our
teachers
are
strict
with
us.They
often
put
forward
some
questions
for
us
to
think
about.Apart
from
this,our
teachers
often
introduce
some
advanced
learning
methods
to
us.We
are
completely
absorbed
in
our
study.As
we
know,only
with
great
efforts
can
we
make
progress
with
our
study.限时规范练21
Unit
1
Great
scientists
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与科学、学习伟大科学家的思维意识
一、阅读理解
A
George
Washington
Carver
was
born
sometime
in
the
early
mid-1860s.A
sickly
child,Carver
was
unable
to
work
in
the
fields,so
he
did
gardening.He
was
left
with
many
free
hours
to
walk
in
the
woods—beginning
his
career
with
nature.He
soon
became
known
as
the
“Plant
Doctor”
and
would
help
friends
and
neighbors
manage
sick
plants.
In
1890,Carver
began
to
study
music
and
art
at
Simpson
College.His
artwork
was
on
show
at
the
1893
World’s
Fair.Painting
gave
him
the
chance
to
combine
his
two
loves—art
and
nature.Yet
it
was
his
talents
for
gardening
that
took
him
in
another
direction
in
1891.Carver
became
the
first
African-American
to
attend
what
is
today
Iowa
State
University.He
proved
to
be
a
first-class
student
and
upon
graduation
he
became
the
school’s
first
African-American
teacher.
In
1896,he
received
an
invitation
from
Tuskegee
Normal
and
Industrial
School
in
Tuskegee,Alabama.Upon
arriving,he
found
that
the
school
was
short
of
money
so
Dr.Carver
had
to
equip
his
own
lab.He
and
his
students
would
search
trash
heaps
(垃圾堆)
for
things
to
use.This
proved
that
Dr.Carver
was
well
ahead
of
his
time.
In
1916,he
published
a
research
report
on
peanuts,which
helped
many
farmers
turn
to
peanuts
as
a
cash
crop
and
saved
the
economy
of
the
South
when
it
was
destroyed
by
the
cotton
insects
attack.Carver
continued
his
research
with
the
peanut.He
went
on
to
find
many
uses
for
the
peanut.But
he
didn’t
invent
peanut
butter
(花生酱).
Dr.Carver’s
research
earned
him
much
worldwide
praise.Dr.George
Washington
Carver
died
on
January
5,1943,and
was
buried
at
Tuskegee.Carver
contributed
his
whole
life
savings
to
Tuskegee.Upon
his
death,Franklin
D.Roosevelt
gave
him
this
title
“an
inspiring
example
to
youth
everywhere”.
1.How
was
Carver’s
childhood?
A.He
dreamed
of
being
a
doctor.
B.He
grew
crops
in
the
fields.
C.He
enjoyed
good
health.
D.He
took
up
gardening.
2.What
do
we
know
about
Carver’s
life
in
Tuskegee
Normal
and
Industrial
School?
A.He
was
well
paid
by
the
school.
B.He
relied
on
himself
to
build
his
lab.
C.He
saved
money
by
picking
up
trash.
D.He
published
his
findings
ahead
of
time.
3.What
can
be
learned
about
Carver’s
report
on
peanuts?
A.It
made
a
contribution
to
the
economy.
B.It
included
new
findings
on
peanut
butter.
C.It
prevented
peanuts
from
insects
attacking.
D.It
helped
farmers
find
many
other
uses
of
peanuts.
B
In
the
past
few
weeks
Richard
Eckersley
has
noticed
a
change
in
people
who
come
into
his
shop.The
previous
Manchester
United
footballer,who
turned
his
back
on
the
game
to
set
up
the
UK’s
first
“zero
waste”
store
on
Totnes
High
Street
in
Devon,says
it
is
no
longer
only
environmentalists
who
came
in,looking
for
a
cleaner
way
to
shop.“A
lot
of
new
people
are
coming
in.We
are
getting
calls
every
week
from
around
the
country
from
people
wanting
to
set
up
something
similar
in
their
towns,”
says
Eckersley,who
set
up
the
Earth.Food.Love
shop
with
his
wife
Nicola
in
March
2017.
More
than
200
miles
away,Ingrid
Caldironi
shares
the
enthusiasm.She
set
up
the
plastic-free
Bulk
Market
in
east
London.“We
have
had
an
amazing
response,”
she
says.Eckersley
and
Caldironi
are
at
the
head
of
an
anti-plastic
movement
in
the
UK
that
has
been
fuelled
by
newspaper
investigations
including
TheGuardian’s
BottlingIt
series
and
TheBluePlanet
television
series.
But
their
enthusiasm
is
not
shared
by
big
supermarkets,which
have
no
interest
in
reducing
their
plastic
waste.“For
a
nation
of
shopkeepers
we
are
falling
behind
in
this
race,”
says
Sian
Sutherland,founder
of
the
campaign
A
Plastic
Planet
which
led
the
calls
for
plastic-free
goods
shelves.Wandering
through
supermarkets
where
everything
is
covered
in
plastic,Sutherland
says
action
rather
than
words
is
needed.Her
co-founder
Frederikke
Magnussen
explains
the
origins
of
their
campaign.“It
started
with
two
unreasonable
women
who
wanted
choice
—
and
supermarkets
are
all
about
choice,right?
I
can
buy
sugar-free,fat-free,African
food,Asian
food,yet
if
I
want
to
buy
plastic-free
it
is
impossible
for
me
to
do
so.”
Eckersley
says,“After
Willow,my
daughter,was
born,it
made
me
think
about
what
future
lies
ahead
for
her.I
wanted
to
say
that
I
at
least
tried,and
I
wanted
to
make
a
difference.”
4.What
has
happened
to
Richard
Eckersley’s
business?
A.It
has
spread
worldwide.
B.It
is
attracting
large
numbers
of
customers.
C.It
has
received
many
complaints
about
its
goods.
D.It
is
facing
fierce
competition
from
other
similar
stores.
5.What
do
we
know
about
Ingrid
Caldironi?
A.She
lost
money
on
her
business.
B.She
built
a
plastic-free
store
in
Devon.
C.She
had
little
interest
in
waste
reduction.
D.She
took
part
in
an
anti-plastic
movement.
6.How
have
big
supermarkets
reacted
to
the
plastic-free
idea?
A.They
are
giving
up
their
original
ideas.
B.They
are
offering
more
choice.
C.They
show
little
concern
for
it.
D.They
support
it.
7.What
led
to
the
campaign
A
Plastic
Planet?
A.Customers’
need
for
plastic-free
goods.
B.Plastic
coverings
in
supermarkets.
C.TheBluePlanet
television
series.
D.Richard
Eckersley’s
store.
二、七选五
What
does
it
really
mean
to
be
successful?
1 .It
is
about
being
able
to
live
a
happy
life.?
If
you
want
to
have
a
successful
life,here
are
three
things
you
need
to
focus
on.
1.Believeinyourself
If
you
don’t
believe
in
yourself,how
do
you
expect
other
people
to?
When
you
believe
in
yourself,it
fuels
(促进)
your
creativity
and
your
motivation
to
do
things.All
successful
people
from
Gandhi
to
Tesla
believed
in
themselves. 2 .We
all
have
to
trust
that
we
have
the
ability
to
turn
the
impossible
into
the
possible.?
2.Knowyourintention
3 ,it
is
important
to
have
an
understanding
of
your
intention.If
your
intention
is
simply
rooted
in
money
and
fame,you
are
never
going
to
truly
feel
successful.Money
and
fame
only
serve
the
ego
(自负)
and
don’t
provide
true
feelings
of
success.For
a
truly
successful
life,your
intention
has
to
be
rooted
in
your
purpose
and
passions.When
your
intention
is
to
serve
your
purpose,make
a
change
in
the
world
and
express
your
talents,you
will
feel
true
success
and
satisfaction.?
3. 4 ?
Success
is
all
around
you
right
now.Stop
to
take
a
moment
and
you’ll
notice
the
amazing
success
that
is
already
present
in
your
life. 5 .Being
thankful
for
the
tiniest
successes
in
life
will
help
you
to
create
more
and
more
success.?
A.Realize
you
are
already
successful
B.Discover
the
true
meaning
of
success
C.This
is
what
gave
them
the
drive
to
succeed
D.If
you
want
to
create
a
good
living
condition
E.When
it
comes
to
achieving
greatness
in
this
life
F.That
is
when
you
will
start
to
feel
truly
successful
G.Success
is
much
more
than
just
money
or
fame
三、语法填空
Louis
Pasteur
was
a
French
scientist
who
developed
cures
for
many
dangerous
1.
(illness).He
also
successfully
invented
a
way
to
kill
bacteria
in
milk
and
make
it
safe
to
drink.?
Pasteur
was
born
in
1822,in
Dole,France.He
was
a
courageous
student
who
2.
(frequent)
asked
questions,searched
for
answers
and
challenged
incorrect
ideas.He
3.
(receive)
a
Doctor
of
Science
degree
in
1847.While
4.
(work)
at
the
University
of
Lille,Pasteur
discovered
fermentation,a
chemical
change
used
to
make
bread,cheese
and
other
foods,involved
germs.He
showed
that
heat
killed
the
germs
that
cause
fermentation.This
5.
(discover)
led
to
his
invention
of
a
process
for
destroying
harmful
germs
in
food,which
became
6.
(know)
as
pasteurization
(巴氏灭菌法).?
In
the
1870s,Louis
Pasteur
sought
to
find
a
cure
for
anthrax
—
a
disease
7.
mainly
affects
cattle.Firstly,he
found
anthrax
was
much
more
likely
if
farmers
buried
dead
sheep
with
the
disease
in
fields.Pasteur
advised
farmers
not
8.
(bury)
any
dead
animals
in
areas
where
cattle
may
eat
growing
grass
in
the
future.In
1881
he
conducted
an
experiment
to
try
out
his
vaccine
for
anthrax,which
was
9.
success.?
Pasteur
died
in
1895,in
Saint-Cloud,France.On
his
last
day
he
remarked:“I
should
like
to
be
younger,so
as
to
devote
myself
10.
the
study
of
new
diseases.”?
参考答案
限时规范练21(必修5 Unit1)
一、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了植物学家GeorgeWashingtonCarver的生平。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“hedidgardening”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver年少时料理花园。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Uponarriving,hefoundthattheschoolwasshortofmoneysoDr.Carverhadtoequiphisownlab”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver所在的学校没有足够的资金,因此他依靠自己的力量来建立实验室。
3.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“In1916,hepublishedaresearchreportonpeanuts,whichhelpedmanyfarmersturntopeanutsasacashcropandsavedtheeconomyoftheSouth”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver的研究拯救了当时南方的经济危机。
【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了Eckersley的环保商店以及很多像他一样的人为减少白色污染而做出的努力。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Alotofnewpeoplearecomingin”可知,RichardEckersley的商店吸引了众多消费者。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“EckersleyandCaldironiareattheheadofananti-plasticmovementintheUK”可知,Caldironi加入了抵制塑料制品的运动中。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Buttheirenthusiasmisnotsharedbybigsupermarkets,whichhavenointerestinreducingtheirplasticwaste”可知,大超市对抵制塑料制品的做法并不关心。
7.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Itstartedwithtwounreasonablewomenwhowantedchoice”可知,APlasticPlanet运动来源于顾客对无塑料制品的需求。
二、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章就成功提出三点建议,告诫人们:成功不仅仅只是收获名利,而是内心的满足。只要相信自己、明确目标、懂得满足,你就是成功的。
1.G 根据上文“Whatdoesitreallymeantobesuccessful?”及下文中的“Itisaboutbeingabletoliveahappylife”可知,此空应为成功的定义。G项指出:成功不只是金钱和名誉,符合上下文语境。
2.C 根据上文中的“AllsuccessfulpeoplefromGandhitoTeslabelievedinthemselves”可知,此空为:正是他们相信自己,才取得巨大成就。C项符合语境。
3.E 根据下文中的“Ifyourintentionissimplyrootedinmoneyandfame,youarenevergoingtotrulyfeelsuccessful”可知,如果目标不正确,就不会觉得自己成功,因此上文提出:在讨论如何取得成功之前,首先要对人生的目标有正确的理解。E项符合语境。
4.A 根据下文中的“you’llnoticetheamazingsuccessthatisalreadypresentinyourlife”可知,第三点建议为:要意识到你已经是成功的。A项符合语境。
5.F 根据上文的描述可知,停下脚步,你就会发现你所取得的成就。F项中Thatiswhen...呼应上文中的moment,此时此刻你会感受到真正的成功。
三、1.illnesses 考查名词复数。设空处做宾语,表示“疾病”,由many可知,此处应用名词复数,故填illnesses。
2.frequently 考查副词。设空处做状语修饰谓语动词,表示“常常”,故填副词frequently。
3.received 考查一般过去时。由in1847可知,设空处表示的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填received。
4.working 考查动词-ing形式做状语的用法。Pasteur与work之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,且由While可知,work表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生,故填working。
5.discovery 考查名词。设空处做主语,表示“发现”,因为设空处前有限定词This,故填名词discovery。
6.known 考查过去分词做表语的用法。设空处做表语,which在此指代process,因为know与process之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故填known。
7.that/which 考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰disease,且在从句中做主语,故填that或which。
8.to
bury 考查不定式做补语的用法。advisesb.nottodosth.意为“建议某人不做某事”。
9.a 考查不定冠词。success在此表示“成功的事”,是可数名词,且表泛指,故填a。
10.to 考查介词。devoteoneselfto...意为“献身于……”。
8(共18张PPT)
Unit
1 Great
scientists
-2-
必背表达单词——写作信手拈来
1.
adj.科学的?
2.
vt.&
vi.结束;推断出?
3.
n.结论;结束?
4.
vt.打败;战胜;使受挫?
n.失败
5.
adj.熟练的;经验或知识丰富的?
n.专家;行家
6.
vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加?
7.
vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光?
8.
n.治愈;痊愈?
vt.治愈;治疗
9.
n.挑战?
vt.向……挑战
10.
vt.吸收;吸引;使专心?
11.
vt.认为;怀疑?
n.被怀疑者;嫌疑犯
scientific
conclude
conclusion
defeat
expert
attend
expose
cure
challenge
absorb
suspect
-3-
12.
vt.责备;谴责?
n.过失;责备
13.
vt.污染;弄脏?
14.
n.柄;把手?
vt.处理;操纵
15.
vt.&
n.连接;联系?
16.
vt.宣布;通知?
17.
vt.&
vi.捐献;贡献;捐助?
18.
adj.积极的;肯定的;确实的?
19.
vi.&
vt.(使)旋转;纺(线或纱)?
20.
adj.热情的;热心的?
21.
vt.拒绝;不接受;抛弃?
blame
pollute
handle
link
announce
contribute
positive
spin
enthusiastic
reject
-4-
识记阅读单词——读文理解通畅
1.characteristic
n. ?
2.radium
n.
?
3.painter
n.
?
4.analyse
vt.
?
5.physician
n.
?
6.deadly
adj.
?
7.outbreak
n.
?
8.victim
n.
?
9.enquiry
n.
?
10.neighbourhood
n.
?
特征;特性
镭
画家;油漆匠
分析
医生;内科医师
致命的
爆发;发作(指疾病或战争)
受害者
询问
附近;邻近
-5-
11.severe
adj.
? ?
12.pump
n.
?
vt.
?
13.foresee
vt.
?
14.certainty
n.
?
15.instruct
vt.
?
16.construct
vt.
?
17.construction
n.
?
18.firework
n.
?
19.chart
n.
?
20.creative
adj.
?
严重的;剧烈的;严厉的
泵;抽水机
(用泵)抽(水)
预见;预知
确信;确实
命令;指示;教导
建设;修建
建设;建筑物
烟火(燃放)
图表
有创造力的;创造性的;独创的
-6-
21.revolutionary
adj.
?
22.movement
n.
?
23.backward
adv.&
adj.
?
?
24.privately
adv.
?
25.brightness
n.
?
26.cautious
adj.
?
27.universe
n.
?
革命的;重大变革的
移动;运动;动作
向后地(的);相反地(的);退步地(的)
私下地;秘密地
明亮;高度;聪颖
小心的;谨慎的
宇宙;世界
-7-
『语用规律归纳』
1.名词用作动词的高频词汇集锦
face
n.脸→vt.面对
handle
n.把手→vt.处理
nurse
n.护士→vt.护理;照顾
address
n.地址;住处→vt.在……写上地址;对……发表演说
head
n.头→vi.前往……
fox
n.狐狸→v.行骗;欺骗
dog
n.狗→vt.紧随;紧随
bug
n.臭虫;机器故障;窃听器→v.窃听;烦恼;激怒
-8-
2.“专心于做某事”常用短语
be
lost
in陷入……;专心致志于……
be
absorbed
in专心于……
be
buried
in埋头于……
be
devoted
to致力于……;专心于……
be
occupied
in忙于……
3.表示“战胜”的词语集锦
defeat
vt.击败,战胜
win
vt.赢,获胜
beat
vt.击败,战胜
-9-
『构织连脉词族』
1.conclude→conclusion
n.结论;结束
2.challenge→challenging
adj.挑战性的
3.pollute→pollution
n.污染→polluted
adj.受污染的
4.announce→announcement
n.通知;宣告→announcer
n.广播员
5.instruct→instruction
n.命令;传授→instructions
n.用法说明;操作指南
6.construct
vt.建设,修建→construction
n.建设;建筑物→constructive
adj.建设性的
7.contribute→contribution
n.贡献
8.enthusiastic→enthusiasm
n.热情,热心→enthusiast
n.热心人;热衷者
-10-
『语境活用』
1.It
is
universally
(universe)
acknowledged
that
children,when
exposed
(expose)
to
an
English-speaking
atmosphere,will
pick
up
the
language
much
more
easily.
2.The
local
government
is
taking
effective
measures
to
handle
(处理)
the
problem
of
air
pollution
(污染)
in
the
city.
3.Our
teacher
often
instructs
us
to
improve
our
reading
ability
and
his
instruction
makes
a
difference
in
our
English
learning.(instruct)
4.My
friend
felt
he
needed
a
new
challenge,so
he
got
a
new
job
in
a
big
firm,and
found
it
very
challenging.(challenge)
5.Mr
Brown
contributed
$5,000
to
the
charity
last
week
and
all
his
contributions
were
gratefully
received.(contribute)
-11-
1.put
forward提出
2.draw
a
conclusion得出结论
3.expose...to使显露;暴露
4.link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来
5.apart
from
除……之外;此外
6.(be)strict
with...对……严格的
7.make
sense讲得通;有意义
-12-
『语境活用』
1.Apart
from
good
service,the
restaurant
offers
different
kinds
of
traditional
Chinese
dishes.
2.An
interesting
suggestion
for
measuring
the
atmosphere
around
Mars
has
been
put
forward.
3.Can
human
beings
live
on
the
moon
and
the
Mars?It’s
too
early
to
draw
a
conclusion.
4.In
our
country,the
hearts
of
the
people
of
all
the
nationalities
are
linked
to
each
other.
5.It
does
not
make
sense
to
buy
that
expensive
coat
when
these
cheaper
ones
are
just
as
good.
-13-
『语用规律归纳』
1.“make+n.”构成的短语
make
sense讲得通;有意义
make
progress取得进步
make
money挣钱
2.与forward搭配的短语
put
forward提出
look
forward
to盼望
bring
forward提出;使……提前
step
forward向前迈步
-14-
『领悟教材语境』
1.Neither
its
cause
nor
its
cure
was
understood.(Page
2)
[考点提炼]
neither...nor...既不是……也不是……
2.So
many
thousands
of
terrified
people
died
every
time
there
was
an
outbreak.(Page
2)
[考点提炼]
every
time引导时间状语从句
3.To
prevent
this
from
happening
again,John
Snow
suggested
that
the
source
of
all
the
water
supplies
be
examined.(Page
3)
[考点提炼]
suggest表示“建议”,后跟从句时用虚拟语气
-15-
『高考写作情景』
1.我们和动物一样离不开水,农业和工业也离不开水。
We,as
well
as
animals,cannot
live
without
water
and
neither
agriculture
nor
industry
can
go
without
it.
2.每当他结束一天(的工作)到家时,我们都会在门口迎接他。
Every
time
he
arrived
home
at
the
end
of
the
day,we’d
greet
him
at
the
door.
3.一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。
Some
classmates
suggest
we
(should)
go
to
places
of
interest
nearby.
-16-
『主题与语篇填空』
John
Snow,a
well-known
doctor
in
London,became
1.inspired(inspire)
when
he
thought
about
helping
ordinary
people
who
2.were
exposed(expose)
to
cholera,a
3.deadly(dead)
disease
of
its
day.Thousands
of
people
died
every
time
there
was
an
outbreak
4.because
no
one
knew
the
cause
of
it.John
wanted
to
help
solve
5.the
problem.
He
got
interested
in
two
theories
6.explaining(explain)
how
cholera
killed
people.He
believed
in
the
second
theory
that
suggested
that
people
7.absorbed(absorb)
the
disease
with
their
meals.In
1854,8.when
another
outbreak
hit
London,he
was
ready
to
test
the
two
theories.9.With
the
help
of
the
map
he
made,he
got
a
valuable
clue
about
the
cause
of
the
disease.Finally,he
was
able
to
announce
that
the
water
was
10.to
blame(blame).
-17-
『主题与短文改错』
There
was
a
time
when
the
power
Christian
Church
believed
God
had
made
the
world.It
was
because
that
reason
that
the
earth
was
thought
to
be
the
centre
of
the
solar
system.Copernicus
had
thought
long
and
hardly
about
it
and
tried
to
find
an
answer.But,all
his
mathematical
calculations
led
to
the
same
conclusion
what
the
earth
was
not
the
centre
of
the
solar
system.When
he
placed
a
fixed
sun
at
the
center
of
the
solar
system,the
movement
of
the
other
planets
made
the
sense.The
Christian
Church
rejects
his
theory.But
her
theory
is
now
the
basis
on
that
all
our
ideas
of
the
universe
are
built.
-18-
答案:
