(共28张PPT)
Unit
3 Inventors
and
inventions
-2-
1.call
up给……打电话
[教材原句]When
I
called
up
my
mother
in
the
countryside
on
the
telephone
she
was
very
upset.(P20)我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候,她感到很心烦。
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
volleyball
match
was
called
because
of
the
bad
weather.?
②More
work
does
not
necessarily
call
more
men.?
③She
is
on
the
phone;please
call
in
a
few
minutes.?
④She
asked
him
to
call
Brown’s
Hotel
to
see
her
daughter.?
off
for
back
at
-3-
考点必记
call
for需要;要求;呼吁;(去)接某人
call
at拜访某地
call
on拜访某人
call
on
sb.to
do
sth.号召/要求某人做某事
call
off取消
call
out大声说;召唤某人
call
in叫某人进入
call
back回电话
-4-
2.distinguish
vi.
&
vt.显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别
[教材原句]Here
was
a
chance
for
me
to
distinguish
myself
by
inventing
something
merciful
that
would
catch
snakes
but
not
harm
them.(P20)这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西,既可以把蛇捉住,又不会伤害它们。
语境巧练
单句填空
①He
distinguished
himself
a
famous
actor.?
②The
twins
are
so
alike
that
it’s
difficult
to
distinguish
one
the
other.?
③He
was
one
of
China’s
most
(distinguish)
medical
men,a
world
authority
on
heart-diseases.?
④Yan’an
has
become
a
distinguished
base
educating
the
young
generation.?
as
from
distinguished
for
-5-
考点必记
distinguish
A
from
B
辨别A与B
distinguish
oneself使自己扬名
distinguish
between
right
and
wrong明辨是非
be
distinguished
from不同于……
be
distinguished
for因……而著称
be
distinguished
as辨别为;称之为
考点提示
tell...apart辨别,识别;tell...from辨别,分清
-6-
3.set
about
开始;着手
[教材原句]I
set
about
researching
the
habits
of
snakes
to
find
the
easiest
way
to
trap
them.(P20)我着手研究蛇的习性,以便能找到捕蛇的最简易的方法。
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
Spring
Festival
is
coming;let’s
set
about
(clear)
up
the
mess.?
②The
reasons
for
my
decision
are
set
in
my
report.?
③Then
the
scientist
set
out (do)
his
life’s
work
of
discovering
the
valuable
chemical.?
clearing
out
to
do
-7-
考点必记
set
out动身,出发;陈列;摆出;安排;陈述(事实等)
set
out
to
do
sth.开始做某事
考点提示
表示“开始做”时set
about
后接动词-ing形式;而set
out后接不定式。
-8-
4.seize
vt.抓住;捉住;夺
[教材原句]Pressed
by
my
friends
and
relations,I
decided
to
seize
the
opportunity
to
get
recognition
for
my
successful
idea.(P21)在朋友和亲戚的催促下,我决定抓住机会为我的成功想法取得认可。
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
brave
university
student
seized
the
thief
the
arm
and
brought
him
to
the
police
station.?
②He
decided
(seize)
the
moment
and
ask
her
to
marry
him.?
by
to
seize
-9-
考点必记
seize
power夺权
seize
an
opportunity/a
chance/a
moment抓住机会
seize
hold
of...
抓住;占领
seize
sb.by
the
arm抓住某人的胳膊
-10-
5.“only+状语”置于句首时引起部分倒装
[教材原句]Only
after
you
have
had
that
recognition
can
you
say
that
you
are
truly
an
inventor.(P21)只有得到这种承认,你才可以说自己是一个真正的发明家。
语境巧练
完成句子
①只有当你到了十八岁时你才可以参军。
Only
when
you
are
eighteen
years
old
the
army.?
②只有军人可以进入这座大楼。
Only
soldiers
to
enter
the
building.?
can/will
you
join
are
allowed/permitted
-11-
考点必记
①only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且置于句首时,句子使用部分倒装语序。
②only修饰主语时,句子则不需要倒装。
写作佳句
Only
by
working
harder
can
you
make
greater
progress
in
your
English
learning.
只有更加努力你才会在英语学习上取得更大进步。
-12-
6.bear
vt.(bore,borne)忍受;忍耐;负担
[教材原句]I
cannot
bear
the
smell
of
burnt
sausage
on
the
barbecue.(P24)我忍受不了架子上烤香肠的味道。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Actually,most
of
us
can’t
bear
(make)
fun
of.?
②She
didn’t
do
well,but
you
should
bear
it
in
mind
she
was
ill
at
the
time.?
③Only
with
the
hope
of
love,loneliness
can
be
(bear),even
sweet.?
being
made/to
be
made
that
bearable
-13-
考点必记
①bear
pain/hardship忍受疼痛/吃苦
bear
doing/to
do
sth.容忍做……;忍受得了做某事
bear
sb.to
do
sth.容忍某人做某事
bear
...in
mind
记住;记在心里
②bearable
adj.可忍受的
考点提示
bear表示“忍耐、忍受”时多与
can/could连用,用于否定和疑问句中。
-14-
7.祈使句+
and/or+陈述句
[教材原句]Follow
it
up,explore
all
around
it,and
before
you
know
it,you
will
have
something
worth
thinking
about
to
occupy
your
mind.(P25)跟踪下去,不断探索,不知不觉中,你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。
语境巧练
句型转换
①Lend
her
a
hand,and
she
will
be
grateful
to
you.
→
her
a
hand,she
will
be
grateful
to
you.?
②If
you
don’t
send
an
e-mail
to
your
parents,they
will
get
worried.
→
an
e-mail
to
your
parents,
they
will
get
annoyed.?
If
you
lend
Send
or/otherwise/or
else
-15-
考点必记
①“祈使句+
and/or+陈述句”结构中,前后为承接关系时用and或then;前后是相反关系时用or,otherwise或or
else。
②上述句型可以改为if引导的条件状语从句。
写作佳句
Start
out
right
away,or
you
will
lose
the
valuable
chance.立刻动身吧,不然就要错过这个宝贵的机会。
-16-
8.associate
vt.联想;联系 n.同伴;伙伴
[教材原句]Although
he
is
most
often
associated
with
the
invention
of
the
telephone,he
was
indeed
a
continuing
searcher
after
practical
solutions
to
improve
the
quality
of
everybody’s
life.(P26)虽然人们常把他和电话的发明联系起来,但是他的确是一名永不停息的探索家,不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。
语境巧练
单句填空
①When
talking
about
Spain,people
tend
to
associate
it__________
bull-fighting
—a
sport,which
is
exciting
as
well
as
cruel.?
②These
ancient
tools
are
often
found
association
with
broken
animal
bones.?
with
in
-17-
考点必记
①associate...with
使……与……联系起来;结合;合伙
associate(oneself)
with...
与……交往/为伍
be
associated
with与……有关系
②association
n.联合;联系;联盟;合伙
in
association
with与……联合/有关联
-18-
9.out
of
order
次序颠倒;发生故障
[教材原句]
I’m
sorry,but
this
phone
is
out
of
order.(P26)对不起,这个电话坏了。
语境巧练
单句填空
①It’s
messy;please
try
to
keep
the
pictures
order.?
②You
may
easily
place
your
order
whatever
you
need
on
the
Internet.?
③Local
police
have
ordered
that
all
guns_____________________
(register)
by
the
end
of
this
month.?
in
for
(should)
be
registered
-19-
考点必记
①in
order按顺序;整齐;状况良好
keep
good
order保持良好秩序
place
an
order(for)
订购……
take
one’s
order
记下某人点的饭菜
②order
sb.to
do
sth.命令某人做某事
order
that...(should)
do
命令……
-20-
10.get
through设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过
[教材原句]I
can’t
get
through.(P26)我打不通电话。
语境巧练
完成句子
①很遗憾你的女儿没有通过期中考试。
It’s
a
pity
that
your
daughter
failed
to
her
mid-term
exams.?
②越来越多的人开始识破他们的诡计了。
More
and
more
people
are
coming
to
their
tricks.?
get
through
see
through
-21-
考点必记
get
through
with完成……
go
through通过;检查;经历
pass
through从……中穿过;走过
look
through浏览;仔细查看
see
through看穿;识破
live
through活过(一段时间);经过……后还活着
break
through突破……
-22-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.We
waited
at
the
station
in
(expect)
of
the
hero’s
arrival.?
2.The
hostess
(tap)
me
on
the
shoulder,but
I
didn’t
feel
it.?
3.I
set
about
(research)
the
habits
of
snakes
to
find
the
easiest
way
to
trap
them.?
4.Please
remain
(seat);the
winner
of
the
prize
will
be
announced
soon.?
5.I
keep
my
reference
books
near
my
desk
for
(convenient).?
expectation
tapped
researching
seated
convenience
-23-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
6.The
cellphone
rang,but
before
I
could
answer
it,it
rang .?
7.The
local
government
responded
to
the
move
caution.?
8.The
(mercy)
villagers
offered
to
help
us
to
get
the
car
out.?
9.This
director
is
closely
associated
in
the
public
mind
horror
movies.?
10.Two
climbers
(freeze)
to
death
on
the
mountain
last
week.?
off
with
merciful
with
were
frozen
-24-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.The
only
way
not
to
fall
down
into
the
valley
is
to
seize
hold
the
big
branch.
?
2.The
parents
meeting
ended
abrupt
when
the
fire
alarm
went
off.
?
3.Busy
with
her
school
work,she
doesn’t
go
home
every
week,only
now
or
then.
?
4.When
the
ice
is
heated
above
frozen
point,it
begins
to
change
into
a
liquid
state.
?
在hold后加of
abrupt→abruptly
or→and
frozen→freezing
-25-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
5.Usually,we
can’t
bear
people
smoke
while
we
are
having
a
meeting
in
a
crowded
room.
?
6.The
swimmer
was
dived
into
the
river
and
saved
the
drowning
child.
?
7.Today
the
workers
went
to
work
on
foot;maybe
their
bus
is
out
of
the
order.
?
smoke→smoking
去掉was
去掉order
之前的the
-26-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
8.The
study
shows
that
many
car
accidents
are
associating
with
heavy
drinking.
?
9.Lose
one
hour
in
the
morning
but
you
will
be
looking
for
it
the
rest
of
the
day.
associating→associated
but→and
-27-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅲ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.这一家人搬走了,因为这里经常交通堵塞,孩子上学不方便。(convenient)
2.他们的孩子大学毕业后,开始实验一种新能源。(动词-ing形式做状语;set
about)
3.他最近一直忙于申请专利的事,没时间给我们打电话。(apply
for)
4.事实上,我们很久没有见过他了。(in
truth)
5.今天我们相聚,我给他打了电话以防他忘了确切的时间。(in
case)
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
-28-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
In
truth,we
haven’t
seen
our
old
friend
Jim
for
a
long
time.Several
years
ago,his
family
moved
away,because
there
were
such
frequent
traffic
jams
and
it
wasn’t
convenient
for
the
child
to
go
to
school.Then
Jim
went
to
college
and
having
graduated
from
the
college,he
set
about
testing
out
a
new
source.He
is
busy
applying
for
a
patent
recently,and
has
no
time
to
call
us
up.But
we
have
a
get-together
today
and
I
phoned
him
in
case
he
might
forget
the
exact
time.限时规范练38
Unit
3
Inventors
and
inventions
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、发明创造的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
“Garlic
coffee”
can
be
good
news
to
coffee-loving
pregnant
women
as
a
man
in
northeastern
Japan
invented
the
drink
that
looks
and
tastes
like
coffee
but
is
made
up
entirely
of
locally
grown
garlic.
“My
drink
is
probably
the
world’s
first
of
its
kind,”
said
75-year-old
Yokitomo
Shimotai,who
was
a
coffee
shop
owner
in
Aomori
Prefecture.“It
contains
no
caffeine
so
it’s
good
for
those
who
would
like
to
drink
coffee
at
night
or
pregnant
women.”
Shimotai,who
started
the
drink’s
sale
in
January
2017,said
the
drink
was
accidentally
made
from
a
cooking
mistake
about
30
years
ago,when
he
burned
a
steak
and
garlic
while
waiting
tables
at
his
shop.
He
mashed
(捣烂)
the
burnt
garlic
with
a
spoon
and
mixed
it
with
hot
water.When
he
drank
it,he
was
surprised
at
its
“coffee-like
taste”
with
bitterness.
Shimotai
began
researching
the
drink
after
retirement,aimed
at
turning
it
into
a
product.
After
repeating
trials
and
errors
on
the
best
way
to
make
it,he
created
a
“coffee”
he
can
be
satisfied
with
about
six
years
ago
by
using
an
electric
furnace
(火炉)
to
roast
the
garlic.After
cooling
it,the
garlic
is
mashed
up.
Shimotai
took
a
patent
on
the
method
in
2015,and
opened
a
workshop
in
neighboring
Iwate
Prefecture.
While
his
drink
has
a
pleasant
smell
of
roasted
garlic,it
will
not
cause
bad
breath
because
it
is
carefully
and
fully
roasted,according
to
Shimotai.
The
drink
is
now
available
at
two
souvenir
shops
in
Aomori
Prefecture,or
by
ordering
by
telephone.
A
packet
containing
one
cup
of
garlic
coffee
costs
324
yen
($2.8).Orders
can
be
made
with
his
workshop
called
Techno
Baisen
Kobo
at
0195(37)1999
in
the
city
of
Ninohe,Iwate
Prefecture.
1.What
makes
“garlic
coffee”
special?
A.It
isn’t
bitter
at
all.
B.It
is
caffeine-free.
C.It
doesn’t
taste
like
coffee.
D.It
is
especially
good
for
night
workers.
2.What
led
to
Shimotai’s
invention
of
“garlic
coffee”?
A.A
cooking
mistake.
B.The
market
competition.
C.Pregnant
women’s
demand.
D.His
love
for
garlic
and
coffee.
3.Where
is
“garlic
coffee”
produced?
A.At
Shinotai’s
home.
B.At
Shimotai’s
coffee
shop.
C.At
Techno
Baisen
Kobo
in
Iwate
Prefecture.
D.At
two
souvenir
shops
in
Aomori
Prefecture.
4.What
is
the
purpose
of
this
text?
A.To
encourage
invention.
B.To
advertise
“garlic
coffee”.
C.To
introduce
“garlic
coffee”.
D.To
praise
Yokitomo
Shimotai.
B
Everyone
knows
chameleons
(变色龙)
can
change
color,but
why
do
they
do
it?
Suppose
you
were
given
these
three
options:(a)
to
match
with
their
surroundings,(b)
to
get
a
mate,or
(c)
to
impress
humans.Most
people
would
choose
(a).But
the
real
answer
is
(b).
It’s
not
a
hard-and-fast
rule:there
is
evidence
that
the
colorful
changes
of
some
chameleons
can
be
a
disguise.For
instance,the
small-sized
chameleon
Bradypodion
taeniabronchum
seems
to
match
its
surroundings
more
closely
when
facing
an
enemy
with
better
color
vision.For
most
chameleons,however,changing
color
is
all
about
getting
a
mate.
In
their
natural
environment,most
chameleons
match
with
their
surroundings
pretty
well,says
ecologist
Kristopher
Karsten
of
California
Lutheran
University
in
Thousand
Oaks.So
when
they
change
color,they
tend
to
make
themselves
easier
to
notice.Competing
males
will
often
battle
it
out
with
a
color-change
fight.
The
color-change
process
doesn’t
work
the
way
you
might
expect
it
to
either.
Most
of
us
would
think
it
is
achieved
by
some
kind
of
pigments
(色素).But
a
study
published
in
March
2015
suggests
that
the
color
changes
have
nothing
to
do
with
chemistry
at
all.Instead,it
turns
out
there
are
some
nanocrystals
(纳米晶体)
within
the
chameleon’s
cells.By
changing
the
positions
of
these
crystals,the
chameleon
can
show
different
shades
of
color.
It’s
not
just
about
how
chameleons
look.They
are
also
unusually
good
at
using
their
eyes.
In
a
neat
study
published
in
July
2015,zoologists
showed
chameleons
two
objects
that
moved
around
a
computer
screen.The
chameleons
were
able
to
split
their
vision,each
eye
independently
focusing
on
a
different
object.Eventually,the
chameleons
seemed
to
make
a
choice,both
eyes
locking
onto
the
same
target.This
way
they
could
do
a
better
job
of
judging
how
far
away
the
objects
were
—
and
thus
how
far
to
shoot
out
their
tongues.
All
that
said,there
is
a
lot
that
we
still
don’t
know
about
chameleons.
5.Why
does
Bradypodion
taeniabronchum
change
color?
A.To
hunt
food.
B.To
cheat
its
enemies.
C.To
make
itself
disappear.
D.To
attract
human’s
attention.
6.How
do
male
chameleons
compete
with
each
other
for
a
mate?
A.By
changing
color.
B.By
staring
at
each
other.
C.By
fighting
with
each
other.
D.By
matching
with
their
surroundings.
7.How
do
chameleons
change
color?
A.By
producing
more
nanocrystals.
B.By
using
different
kinds
of
pigments.
C.By
changing
the
positions
of
their
cells.
D.By
changing
the
positions
of
their
nanocrystals.
8.What
is
special
about
chameleons’
eyes?
A.They
can
tell
different
colors.
B.They
can
see
objects
from
a
long
distance.
C.They
can
notice
objects
on
a
computer
screen.
D.They
can
focus
on
two
objects
at
one
time.
二、完形填空
Alonzo
Johnson
stopped.He
decided
to
help
a(n) 1
elderly
man
down
an
escalator
(自动扶梯)
in
a
Massachusetts
shopping
mall
last
week, 2
the
23-year-old
could
never
have
predicted
that
his
simple,random
act
of
kindness
would
win
him
the
3
of
thousands
of
people
online.?
An
old
man 4
at
the
top
of
an
escalator
and
a
few
people
started
gathering
5
to
get
on.It
was
clear
he
was
feeling
6
as
to
whether
to
step
on
to
the
escalator
or
not.Johnson
spotted
the
senior
citizen
hesitating
and
7
the
simplest
kindness.He
reached
out
a(n)
8
and
asked
with
a
smile
on
his
face,“Can
I
help
you,sir?”?
The
old
man
quietly
started
to 9
to
the
young
man
that
he
had
gotten
stuck
on
an
escalator
once
and
was
a
little
10 .The
young
man
gently
offered
his
assurance,they
11
each
other
eye
to
eye
for
just
a
moment
and
the
old
man
12
his
arm.Everyone
else
remained
13
and
waited.?
Paula
Picard
and
a
friend
were
standing
nearby
and
14
to
take
a
touching
photo
of
the
pair
linking
arms
as
they
15
the
escalator
together.She
posted
the
16
on
Facebook
and
it
spread
17
with
more
than
420,000
likes
and
25,000
comments
in
just
a
few
hours.?
Johnson
said
he
never 18
his
actions
would
reach
so
many
people.?
“He
looked
very
afraid
and
I
thought
maybe
I
could 19 ,”
Johnson
said.“My
mom
always
tells
us
to
be
nice
and
do
the
20
thing.It’s
really
the
way
I
was
brought
up
and
how
I
was
raised.”?
1.A.busy
B.frightened
C.injured
D.blind
2.A.so
B.if
C.but
D.because
3.A.praise
B.blame
C.happiness
D.anger
4.A.stopped
B.worked
C.read
D.fell
5.A.running
B.pushing
C.shouting
D.waiting
6.A.hopeful
B.convenient
C.unsure
D.uncomfortable
7.A.offered
B.sold
C.wanted
D.took
8.A.eye
B.arm
C.rope
D.stick
9.A.promise
B.prove
C.apologize
D.explain
10.A.excited
B.surprised
C.scared
D.disappointed
11.A.argued
with
B.listened
to
C.looked
at
D.ran
into
12.A.accepted
B.shook
C.refused
D.left
13.A.anxious
B.patient
C.interested
D.worried
14.A.managed
B.avoided
C.asked
D.failed
15.A.talked
about
B.walked
towards
C.went
down
D.searched
for
16.A.message
B.Comment
C.example
D.photo
17.A.differently
B.quickly
C.strangely
D.completely
18.A.meant
B.admitted
C.understood
D.expected
19.A.help
B.follow
C.see
D.smile
20.A.easy
B.famous
C.right
D.perfect
三、短文改错
When
asking
about
my
mother,I
often
reply
that
she
is
perhaps
the
only
one
can
understand
my
feelings
without
any
exchange
of
words.To
my
view,there’s
nothing
strong
than
her
love
for
me.She
knows
how
to
make
me
smile
and
at
the
same
time
knows
how
to
make
me
behave
me.Most
important,she
always
does
what
she
can
to
help
me
particularly
when
I
am
in
the
trouble.On
a
sad
day
I
will
always
become
happier,just
by
see
her
loving
eyes
and
encouraged
smile.My
mother
was,is
and
will
always
be
my
first
and
best
friends
forever.
参考答案
限时规范练38(选修8 Unit3)
一、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。一位日本老人用大蒜作为原料发明了一款特别的咖啡。
1.B 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Itcontainsnocaffeine”可知,大蒜咖啡不含咖啡因成分。
2.A 细节理解题。由第三段中的“...thedrinkwasaccidentallymadefromacookingmistakeabout30yearsago”可知,Shimotai因为一次烹饪失误意外做成了这种咖啡。
3.C 细节理解题。由倒数第四段中的“...openedaworkshopinneighboringIwatePrefecture”以及最后一段中的“OrderscanbemadewithhisworkshopcalledTechnoBaisenKobo”可知,Shimotai开了一间工作坊制作大蒜咖啡,这间工作坊名叫TechnoBaisenKobo。
4.C 写作目的题。本文主要介绍了大蒜咖啡发明的契机以及其制作过程,有关它的生产与销售文中只是略有提及,故选C项。
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了变色龙变色的原因、方法及其眼睛的特殊之处。
5.B 细节理解题。由第二段中的“...thereisevidencethatthecolorfulchangesofsomechameleons...facinganenemywithbettercolorvision”可知,有些变色龙改变身体颜色是为了伪装自己,而Bradypodiontaeniabronchum这种变色龙便是其中的一个例子,它碰到色彩视感强的敌人时,会变成与周围环境更接近的颜色,以迷惑敌人。
6.A 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Competingmaleswilloftenbattleitoutwithacolor-changefight.”可知,雄性变色龙决斗的方式是“变色大战”。
7.D 细节理解题。由第五段中的“Bychangingthepositionsofthesecrystals...differentshadesofcolor”可知,变色龙通过改变细胞内纳米晶体的位置来显示不同的颜色,从而达到改变身体颜色的效果。
8.D 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Thechameleonswereabletosplit...independentlyfocusingonadifferentobject.”可知,变色龙的两只眼睛可以同时分别聚焦在不同的物体上面。
二、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。一位老人不敢乘坐自动扶梯,一位年轻人伸出援手,热心帮忙。
1.B 由最后一段中的“Helookedveryafraid”可知,Johnson看到老人时,老人看起来非常“害怕(frightened)”。
2.C Johnson帮助老人下扶梯,这一小小的善举获得了网友的广泛关注,这是他始料未及的,该空前后两句话存在语义上的转折关系,故填but。
3.A 由下文“morethan420,000likesand25,000comments”可知,Johnson扶老人下扶梯的照片获得大量的点赞与评论,他的善举赢得了人们的“称赞(praise)”。
4.A 由下文“afewpeoplestartedgathering”以及“whethertostepontotheescalatorornot”可知,老人没有走上扶梯,他身后已经聚集了一些人,由此可推断,老人此时“停(stopped)”在扶梯顶端。
5.D 下文“Everyoneelse...andwaited”是提示,老人停在扶梯顶端时,一些人在他后面“等待(waiting)”上扶梯。
6.C 由下文“whethertostepontotheescalatorornot”及“theseniorcitizenhesitating”可知,老人“不确定(unsure)”要不要走上扶梯。
7.A Johnson注意到老人犹豫不前,“主动提供(offered)”帮助。
8.B 下文hisarm是提示。
9.D 下文“hehadgottenstuckonanescalatoronceand...”是老人对自己犹豫不前的“解释(explain)”。
10.C 因为老人曾经被扶梯卡住过,因此他有点“害怕(scared)”。
11.C 下文eyetoeye是提示,他们“望着(lookedat)”对方。
12.A 由下文老人和Johnson一起下扶梯可知,这时他“接受了(accepted)”Johnson的帮助。
13.B 由本句中的waited可知,在Johnson与老人交流这段时间,其他人“耐心(patient)”等待着。
14.A 由下文照片被上传到社交媒体上可知,PaulaPicard和朋友“成功(managed)”拍到了照片。
15.C 由上文中的“downanescalator”和“atthetopofanescalator”可知,这张照片展示了Johnson扶老人“下(wentdown)”扶梯的情景。
16.D PaulaPicard把这张“照片(photo)”上传到了社交媒体上,它(照片)传播“很快(quickly)”,几个小时的时间便获得大量的点赞和评论。
17.B
18.D 由第一段中的“the23-year-oldcouldneverhavepredictedthat...”可知,Johnson没有“预料到(expected)”他的举动会被这么多人知道。
19.A Johnson在老人犹豫不前时提供了“帮助(help)”。
20.C 由Johnson的母亲教导他要善良可推断,要他做“对的(right)”事。
三、第一句:asking→asked;can前加who/that
第二句:To→In;strong→stronger
第三句:第三个me→myself
第四句:important→importantly;去掉the
第五句:see→seeing;encouraged→encouraging
第六句:friends→friend
9(共19张PPT)
Unit
3 Inventors
and
inventions
-2-
必背表达单词——写作信手拈来
1.
n.专利证书;专利权?
2.
vi.&
vt.显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别?
3.
adj.便利的;方便的;就近的?
4.
n.预料;期待;期望?
5.
vt.抓住;捉住;夺?
6.
n.文件;档案;文件夹?
vt.提交;将……归档
7.
adj.熟的;成熟的?
8.
adj.冰冻的;严寒的?
9.
vt.忍受;忍耐;负担?
10.
vt.&
vi轻打;轻拍;轻敲?
n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头
11.
adj.稳固的;稳定的;安定的?
12.
adj.实际的;实践的;实用的?
patent
distinguish
convenient
expectation
seize
file
ripe
freezing
bear
tap
stable
practical
-3-
识记阅读单词——读文理解通畅
1.courtyard
n.
?
2.walnut
n.
?
3.merciful
adj.
?
4.product
n.
?
5.powder
n.
?
6.perfume
n.
?
7.stainless
adj.
?
?
8.cube
n.
?
9.abrupt
adj.
?
10.abruptly
adv.
?
11.caution
n.
?
院子;庭院;天井
胡桃;胡桃木
宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的
产品
粉末;火药
香水;香味
无锈的;不锈的;没有污点的
立方体;立方
突然的;意外的
突然地;唐突地
小心;谨慎
-4-
12.passive
adj.
?
?
13.merry
adj.
?
14.merrily
adv.
?
15.recognition
n.
?
16.criterion
n.(pl
criteria)
?
17.valid
adj.
?
18.string
n.
?
19.glue
n.
?
vt.
?
20.greengrocer
n.
?
(pl)
?
21.identification
n.
?
22.directory
n.
?
被动的;消极的;被动语态的
愉快的;高兴的
高兴地;愉快地
认出;认可;承认
(评判的)标准;尺度
有效的;确凿的
线;绳子;一串
胶;胶水
粘贴;粘合
蔬菜水果商
蔬菜水果店
鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明
电话簿;商行名录
-5-
23.dial
vt.
?
24.rainfall
n.
?
25.innocent
adj.
?
26.lantern
n.
?
27.jam
n.
?
28.forehead
n.
?
29.beaten
track
?
30.occasionally
adv.
?
31.dynamic
adj.
?
?
32.dot
n.
?
vt.
?
33.wire
n.
?
34.straw
n.
?
拨(电话)
降雨
清白的;无罪的;天真的
灯笼;提灯
堵塞;阻塞;果酱
额头
被踩出来的路;常规;惯例
偶然地;不时地
充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的;发展变化的
点;小圆点
以小圆点标出;分散
金属丝;电线
稻草;麦秆;饮料吸管
-6-
35.reproduce
v.
?
36.current
n.
?
adj.
?
37.helicopter
n.
?
38.triangle
n.
?
39.invaluable
adj.
?
40.associate
vt.
?
n.
?
41.refrigerator
n.
?
42.court
n.
?
43.extension
n.
?
44.version
n.
?
45.competence
n.
?
46.personnel
n.
?
复现;复制
(水或气)流;电流
现在的;当前的
直升飞机
三角形;三角形物体
无价的;极宝贵的
联想;联系
同伴;伙伴
冰箱
法庭;法院;朝廷
电话分机;扩大;延伸
版本;译本
能力;胜任;本领
人力资源;人事部;全体人员
-7-
『语用规律归纳』
1.associate及其派生词的相关用法一览
associate
with
sb.与某人交往或打交道
associate
sb./sth.with
sb./sth.把……和……联系在一起;由……联想到……
be
associated
with...和……有关
association
n.联合;联想;交往;协会;团体
in
association
with...与……合伙/合作
-8-
2.product用法小结
product
n.产品
production
n.生产
produce
v.生产 n.产品;农产品
agricultural
produce
农产品
3.bear相关短语大全
bear
sb.to
do
sth.容忍某人做某事
bear
to
do/doing
sth.忍受做某事
can’t
bear
doing/to
do
sth.不能忍受做某事
bear/keep...in
mind记住
put
up
with容忍
can’t
stand/tolerate无法忍受
-9-
4.view相关搭配一览
in
one’s
view在某人看来
in
view在看得见的范围内
in
view
of鉴于;考虑到
come
into
view映入眼帘
-10-
『构织连脉词族』
1.abrupt→abruptly
adv.突然地;唐突地
2.distinguish→distinguished
adj.卓著的;著名的;高贵的
3.freezing→freeze
v.冰冻→frozen
adj.冻结的
4.associate→association
n.协会;社团;联合;关联
5.expectation→expect
vt.期待;预期;盼望
6.wire→wireless
adj.无线的
7.stable→stability
n.稳定性
8.innocent→innocence
n.无罪
9.identification→identity
n.身份;同一性→identical
adj.同一的;完全相同的→identify
v.确定;鉴别
10.occasionally→occasional
adj.偶然的→occasion
n.时机;机会;场合
-11-
『语境活用』
1.In
western
countries,the
number
“thirteen”
is
associated
with
bad
luck,but
actually
there
isn’t
any
association
between
them.(associate)
2.He
is
such
a
merciful
man
and
always
has
mercy
on
those
homeless
animals.(mercy)
3.It
is
freezing
outside
now,and
more
snow
is
falling
on
already
frozen
streets.(freeze)
4.Although
there
are
many
practical
difficulties
in
learning
oral
English,you
must
keep
practicing
speaking
every
day.(practice)
5.Because
it
is
distinguished(distinguish)
for
its
attractive
scenery,Hangzhou
witnesses
large
numbers
of
tourists
every
year.
-12-
1.call
up
给……打电话
2.now
and
then
偶尔;有时
3.set
about
开始;着手
4.dive
into
迅速把手伸入;一心投入
5.set
out
(to
do)
开始(做)
6.hang
on
不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住
7.out
of
order
次序颠倒;发生故障
8.get
through
设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过
9.ring
back
回复电话
10.ring
off
挂断电话
-13-
『语境活用』
1.After
that,he
knew
he
could
get
through
any
emergency
by
doing
what
he
could
to
the
best
of
his
ability.
2.The
new
government
must
set
about
finding
solutions
to
the
country’
s
economic
problems.?
3.The
greengrocery
is
not
at
the
shop
at
the
moment.Would
you
like
to
ring
back
a
moment
later?
4.It’s
ten
years
since
the
scientist
set
out
on
his
life’s
work
of
discovering
the
valuable
chemical.
5.Without
the
support
of
my
parents
I
would
have
probably
broken
down
completely,but
I
managed
to
hang
on.
-14-
『语用规律归纳』
1.call相关短语集锦
call
on/upon拜访(某人);号召
call
up给……打电话;使……回忆起
call
for需求;需要;去接(某人)
call
off取消;停止
call
at拜访(某个地点)
2.“out
of+n.”短语全接触
out
of
balance失去平衡
out
of
reach够不到
out
of
shape变形
out
of
breath上气不接下气
out
of
fashion过时;不时尚
out
of
order次序颠倒;发生故障
-15-
『领悟教材语境』
1.The
next
morning
I
got
up
early
before
the
sun
was
hot.(Page
20)
[考点提炼]
before意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句
2.Only
after
you
have
had
that
recognition
can
you
say
that
you
are
truly
an
inventor.(Page
21)
[考点提炼]
“
only+状语”位于句首,主句用部分倒装
-16-
『高考写作情景』
1.遭受台风袭击的地区,人们的生活要过一段时间才会恢复正常。
It
will
be
some
time
before
the
people’s
life
in
typhoon-stricken
areas
returns
to
normal.
2.只有当我们离开祖国时才意识到自己的国家是多么好。
Only
when
we
are
away
from
our
motherland
do
we
realize
how
nice
she
is.
-17-
『话题与语篇填空』
When
the
writer
1.called(call)up
her
mother
in
the
countryside
2.on
the
phone,she
learned
that
snakes
came
near
the
house
and
that
the
snakes
seemed
to
have
made
their
home
near
the
house.The
writer
considered
3. it
a
chance
for
her
to
distinguish
herself
by
inventing
something
4.that
would
catch
snakes
but
not
harm
them.She
set
about
5.researching(research)the
habits
of
snakes.She
decided
to
cool
them
so
that
they
could
be
6.easily(easy)caught.However,her
first
two
7.plans(plan)were
not
successful.As
a
result,she
had
to
attempt
a
third
time,which
helped
her
achieve
her
aim
successfully.She
was
8. so
delighted
that
she
was
9.determined(determine)to
send
her
10.invention(invent)to
the
patent
office
to
get
recognition
for
her
successful
idea.?
-18-
『主题与短文改错』
Alexander
Graham
Bell
born
in
1847
in
Scotland.When
he
was
young
his
family
moves
to
Boston,USA.His
mother
was
almost
entire
deaf.After
that,he
became
interested
in
help
deaf
people
communicate
and
deaf
education.He
found
that
by
pressing
his
lips
against
his
mother’s
forehead,he
could
make
the
bones
move
in
so
a
way
that
she
could
understand
that
he
was
saying.It
was
his
exploring
around
problems
and
his
dynamic
spirit
which
led
to
his
inventions.What’s
more,he
was
indeed
a
continuing
searcher.I
improved
the
quality
of
everybody’s
life
by
finding
much
practical
solutions.
-19-
答案:
