高三英语主谓一致课件（27张ppt）

(共27张PPT)
谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致
Subject-verb
agreement
主谓一致组卷网
主谓一致
主谓一致是指谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词保持一致。
二、意义一致
三、就近原则
一、语法一致
Subject–verb
Agreement
主谓一致
主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：
1.动名词、不定式、单个从句做主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
e.g.
Growing
flowers
needs
constant
watering.
e.g.
That
it
keeps
raining
(worry)
the
tourists.
e.g.
To
be
praised
(be)
a
happy
thing.
e.g.
When
and
where
to
hold
the
meeting
_____
(have)
not
been
decided.学科网
worries
is
has
1.谓语动词要用单数的情况
注意:
what引导的主语从句，
谓语一般用单数；若what从句后的表语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式.
What
I
want
to
do
now_____
(be
)
to
have
a
good
rest.
What
they
need
______(be
)books
is
are
注意：如果主语是两个（或以上）的名词性从句，则谓语动词常用复数。
What
he
said
and
what
he
did
_____
always
different.
were
两个或两个以上的不定式短语并列作主语，谓语用复数。但如果属于同一概念，谓语仍用单数，
如：
Early
to
go
to
bed
and
early
to
rise
makes
a
man
healthy.
3.复合不定代词作主语,
谓语动词要用单数，如someone
,somebody,
something,
anybody,
anyone,
anything,
everybody,
everyone,
everything,
nobody,
no
one,
nothing。
　Someone
is
asking
for
you.
　Nothing
is
found
in
the
room.
2.以s
结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语,谓语动词用单数。
Mathematics
is
difficult
to
learn.
The
United
States
is
a
developed
country.
e.g.
The
Arabian
Nights
(be)
a
very
interesting
story-book.
is
4.表示时间、距离、钱额、重量等意义的复数名词作主语，通常当作整体看待，谓语动词常用单数。
e.g.
Eight
hours
of
sleep
is
enough.
e.g.
A
hundred
miles
(be)
a
long
distance.
e.g.
Ten
pounds
(be)
missing
from
my
pocket.
e.g.
Twenty
pounds
______(be)
not
a
light
object
for
a
boy
to
carry.
is
was
is
5.
more
than
one/many
a
+
单数名词
“one
and
a
half+复数名词”作主语，意义上是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。(形单意复)
e.g.
More
than
one
student
________(be)
watching
the
football
match.
e.g.
Many
a
man
(have)
died
in
the
war.
One
and
a
half
apples________
on
the
table.
is
has
注意“more+复数名词＋than
one”
做主语，
谓语用复数.
More
people
than
one
have
made
the
suggestion.
is
6.
no/each/every/many
a
+
单数名词
and
no/each/
every/many
a
+
单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
e.g.
Each
book
and
each
pen
(be)
found
in
its
place.
e.g.
Every
boy
and
every
girl
(have)
the
right
to
receive
education.
e.g.
Many
a
boy
and
many
a
girl
（have）
seen
these
painting.
e.g.
Every
hour
and
minute
(be)
important.
第二个no,
each,
every,
many
a
可以省略。
is
has
has
is
7．加减乘除等数学算式作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数：
2
times
3
makes
six.
Sixty
minus
forty
is
twenty.
add/plus/and
加
divide
除
multiple
乘
典题直击
?
1.
Listening
to
loud
music
at
rock
concerts
_____
caused
hearing
loss
in
some
teenagers.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
has
D.
have
C
2.谓语动词用复数
1)??
“The
+形容词/分词”
做主语表示一类人时，谓语动词要用复数。如：
the
+
young,
old,
blind,
rich,
sick,
wounded,
poor，dead，missing等词。如果表示抽象概念，谓语用单数
表“人”－复数；表“物”－单数
The
old
are
taken
good
care
of
in
our
country.
The
beautiful
___
not
always
the
good,
and
the
good
___
not
always
the
true.
(be)
2)?有些集合名词，如cattle,
police,
people,
goods,
clothes等做主语时，谓语用复数。
Traffic
police
are
always
busy
these
days.
The
cattle
are
eating
grass
on
the
hill.
但people意为“民族”时，谓语用单数。
Every
people
has
its
own
ways
of
living.
is
is
personnel
3)??
“one
or
two+复数名词”做主语。
There
are
one
or
two
things
to
do
today.
4)
“quantities
of
+复数名词或不可数名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
5).由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s
结尾的专有名词作主语谓语用复数。
The
Olympic
Games
are
held
once
every
four
years.
Rocky
mountains
stand
in
North
America.
e.g.
Quantities
of
beer
(be)
sold
last
month.
With
more
and
more
forests
being
destroyed,
quantities
of
good
soil
___
(
be)
being
washed
away
each
year.
were
are
注意：
Niagara
Falls作主语，谓语动词用单数
e.g.:
The
Niagara
Falls
is
one
of
the
natural
wonders
of
the
world.
Neither
he
nor
I
____willing
to
go
shopping
today.
Not
the
students
but
their
teacher
____
invited
to
the
party.
1.当用
…or…
/
either…or…
/
neither…nor…
/
not
only…but
also…
/
not…but…
等连接句子主语时，谓语动词和与其最邻近的主语的单、复数形式保持一致（就近一致原则）。
am
is
3.
谓语动词单、复数要视情况而定的情形：
邻近原则
在there
be句型或其它倒装结构中，谓语动词一般都与邻近的主语保持一致。例如：
There
____
a
pen，a
notebook
and
some
books
on
the
desk．
书桌上有一枝钢笔、一个笔记本和一些书。
Here
____
some
paper
and
a
few
envelopes．
这儿有一些纸和几个信封。
is
is
当
there
be/
here
be
句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语动词单、复数应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There
（be）
a
pen
and
several
books
on
the
desk.
There
（be）
twenty
boy-students
and
twenty-three
girl-students
in
the
class.
is
are
在倒装句中，必须认准哪是主语
1)
Between
the
two
rows
of
trees___
the
teaching
building.
A.
stand
B.
stands
C.
standing
D.
are
B
2)On
the
ship
(be)
over
2,200
people.
3)More
than
1,500
people
lost
their
lives.
Among
those
(be)
the
young
woman.
were/are
was
2.主语后跟
with
/
along
with
/
together
with
/besides
/
but
/
except
/
including
/as
well
as
/rather
than
/
+名词”结构时，谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致。
（就远一致原则）。
1）
The
teacher
as
well
as
the
students
_____
reading
in
the
library.
2）
The
manager,
rather
than
the
workers,
____
responsible
for
the
loss.
was
is
和，也
,
包括
除了
而不是
with,
along
with,
together
with,
as
well
as
including
but,
except,
besides,
In
addition
to,
rather
than
3.由and或both…and…连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数但是当and
连接的两个名词表示同一概念或一个人的双重身份时谓语动词为单数。
e.g.
The
worker
and
the
writer
are
from
Beijing.
(那位工人和那位作家)
e.g.
The
worker
and
writer
is
from
Beijing.
(那个工人兼作家)
e.g.
The
singer
and
dancer
(be)
famous
all
over
the
world.
常见的表同一概念的有：
the
needle
and
thread
针线
the
bread
and
butter
the
folk
and
knife
刀叉
the
iron
and
steel
is
二、典题直击
1.
The
basketball
coach,
as
well
as
his
team
______interviewed
shortly
after
the
match
for
their
outstanding
performance.
A.
were
B.
was
C.
is
D.
are
2.
Either
you
or
one
of
your
students
______
to
attend
the
meeting
that
is
due
tomorrow.
A.
are
B.
is
C.
have
D.
be
B
B
3.
—Did
you
go
to
the
show
last
night?
—Yeah.
Every
boy
and
girl
in
the
area
invited.
A.
were
B.
have
been
C.
has
been
D.
was
4.
A
poet
and
artist
______
coming
to
speak
to
us
about
Chinese
literature
and
painting
tomorrow
afternoon.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
was
D.
were
D
A
Task1
Choose
the
correct
verb
form
to
complete
the
following
sentences.
Our
family
___
(is/are)
not
poor
any
more.
2.
The
class
_____
(have/has)
disagreed
among
themselves
about
where
they
should
go
and
have
a
picnic.
3.
A
poet
and
artist
_____(is/are)
coming
to
speak
to
us
about
Chinese
literature
and
painting
this
afternoon.
is
have
is
all
some
half
most
part
the
rest
lots
plenty
分数
百分数
+of
+名词作主语
谓语动词要和
of
之后的名词保持一致。
4.
Only
60
percent
of
the
work
____
done
yesterday.
About
20
percent
of
the
students
____absent
today.
was
are
2.
［2011·湖南卷］
One
third
of
the
country
________covered
with
trees
and
the
majority
of
the
citizens________
black
people.
A．is;
are
B．is;
is
C．are;
are
D．are;
is
1.
［2011·安徽卷］
The
factory
used
65
percent
of
the
raw
materials,
the
rest
of
which
________
saved
for
other
purposes.
A．is
B．are
C．was
D．were
D
A
4.
Not
only
you
but
also
he
____
(is/are)
wrong.
5.
Neither
you
nor
he
___
(is/are)
right.
6.
There
___
(is/are)
two
shops
and
a
cinema
beside
the
railway
station.
7.
He
is
the
only
one
of
the
students
who
___
(has/have)
passed
the
exam.
is
is
are
has
1.
To
finish
the
work
___
hard
work.
A.
needs　
B.
need
C.
needing
2.
Many
a
man___
the
story.
A.
believes
B.
believe
C.
believing
3.
The
teacher
as
well
as
the
students
____
the
book
already．
A.
are
reading
B.
is
reading
C.
has
read
D.
have
read
Task2
Choose
the
correct
item.
A
A
C
4.
Only
half
of
the
work____
done
yesterday.
A.
is
B.
was
C.
are
D.
were
5.
When
and
where
to
build
the
new
factory
____
yet.
A.
has
not
decided
B.
have
not
decided
C.
has
not
been
decided
D.
have
not
been
decided
B
C
1.这是今年出版的最畅销的小说之一.(come
out)
This
is
one
of
the
best
novels
that
___________
_____________.
2.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。(be)
More
than
one
student
___________________
_____________.
3.
百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。(from)
More
than
60
percent
of
the
students
_______
________________.
Task3
Complete
the
sentences.
have
come
out
this
year
has
ever
been
to
Beijing
are
from
this
city