人教版高中英语必修四unit-2 Working the land 单词讲解和练习（含答案）

BOOK
4
Unit
2
Working
the
land
词汇练习
重点单词讲解
1.struggle
vt.
&
vi.斗争；拼搏；努力
struggle
with与……斗争；和……一起战斗
struggle...for
为争取……而斗争
struggle...against与……斗争；为反对……而斗争
struggle+不定式，如：
A
bird
was
caught
in
the
net
and
was
struggling
to
get
free.
一只鸟被网罩住了，挣扎着想要逃脱。
struggle
to
one’
s
feet
挣扎着站起来
a
life-and-death
struggle生死搏斗
struggle还可以作名词，意思是“斗争；搏斗；努力；挣扎；难事”等。如：
With
a
struggle，he
controlled
his
feelings.
他费力地控制住了自己的感情。
2.expand
vt.
&
vi.使变大；伸展；阐述
expand指向四面八方的扩大扩张
extend
强调向某一方向的延长
spread
指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物铺开，把胳膊张开
【练习】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的适当形式填空。
1).
The
man
_______
the
information
around.
2).
The
empire
_______
its
country
in
the
16th
century.
3).
The
road
builders
worked
hard
to
_______
the
high
way.
Keys:
1).
spread???
2).
expanded???
3).
extend???
3.circulate
vt.
&
vi.
循环；流传
【例句】
Blood
circulates
through
the
body.血液在体内循环。
【考点】
1）形容词：circular圆形的；循环的；
名词：circulation循环；流通；发行量；
2）circulation
作“（报纸、杂志等的）发行量”解时，是可数名词。
4.thanks
to
thanks
to
幸亏；由于；因为
1).
Thanks
to
your
help,
much
trouble
was
saved.
多亏你的帮助,
减少了许多麻烦。
2).
Thanks
to
the
bad
weather,
the
match
had
been
cancelled.
多亏这个倒霉天气,
比赛取消了。
thanks
to
相当于because
of
/owing
to
/due
to
/thanks
to
/on
account
of
/as
a
result
of
5.rid
rid
sb./sth.
of...
使某人/某物摆脱……?
1).
Many
people
are
working
hard
to
rid
the
world
of
famine.
很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒。
2).
The
dentist
rid
him
of
the
pain
by
taking
out
his
bad
tooth.
牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。
[重点用法]
rid
短语：
be
rid
of
摆脱?
???????????????????????????????
get
rid
of
摆脱；除掉；去掉
rid
a
house
of
mice
清除室内老鼠?????????????????
rid
oneself
of
debt
还清债务
[类似用法动词]
inform/
warn/
cure
sb.
of…
通知/警告/治愈某人……
6.be
satisfied
with
be
satisfied
with
=
be
content
with
对……表示满足或满意
1).
I
was
not
satisfied
with
the
result.
我对那个结果感到不满意。
2).
You’ve
done
well
at
school.
I’m
very
satisfied
with
you.
你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。
[重点用法]
sth.
satisfy
sb.
某事使某人满意??????????????
sb.
is
satisfied
sth.
对……表示满足或满意
be
satisfied
to
do
对做……感到满意?????????
be
satisfied
that
clause
对做……感到满意
a
satisfied
smile
满意的微笑????????????????????????
a
satisfied
customer
感到满意的顾客
feel
a
sense
of
satisfaction感到满足感?
?to
sb’
s
/
sth’
s
satisfaction
使某人满意的是
far
from
satisfactory
远远不能令人满足?????
it
is
satisfying
(to
do
sth)
做某事是令人满意的
a
satisfactory
explanation
/
performance令人满意的解释/演出
get/obtain
satisfaction
from
one’
s
work
从自己的工作中得到满足
7.would
rather
1).
I’
d
rather
walk
than
take
a
bus.
我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽车。
2).
“Some
more
wine?”
“Thank
you,
I’
d
rather
not.
I
have
to
drive
home.”
[重点用法]
would
rather
do
A
(than
do
B)
=
would
(prefer
to)
do
A
(rather
than
do
B)
宁愿做甲事(而不做乙事)?
?????????????
would
rather
sb.
did
sth.宁愿某人做某事
(从句用虚拟语气)
8.therefore
adv.因此,
所以=for
that
reason=consequently常用于连接两个并列分句，其前加“and”或分号“；”。
1）
He
was
ill,
and
therefore
could
not
come.
他病了,
所以未能来。
2）
He
has
broken
his
leg
and
therefore
he
can't
walk.他摔坏了腿，因此不能走路了。
3）
We
do
not
have
enough
money.
Therefore
we
cannot
afford
to
buy
the
new
car.我们的钱不够,因此买不成这辆新车。
9.equip
vt.
&
vi.配备；装备
【考点聚焦】1）名词：equipment
n.[u]
装备；设备
常用搭配：
office
equipment
办公设备　
sports
equipment
运动器械
2）与equip相关的词组：
equip
with
配备……　
3）equip的过去式和过去分词都是equipped；现在分词是equipping。
10.export
vt.
&
vi.输出；出口
【例句】
China
exports
to
many
foreign
countries.
中国向许多国家出口物资。
【考点聚焦】
1）反义词:import
export
n.
作“输出；出口”解时，是不可数名词；作“出口物；出口量”解时，是可数名词。
11.occupation
/
job
/
work
/
employment
/
career
/
profession
occupation指一个人经常担任的工作，不论是否领取工资。
job非正式用语，指一份固定的赚钱工作，不论是否需要技术和特殊训练。
work多用来指工作本身，平常我们每做一件事无论大小，都可以称为work。
employment
指受雇于他人，领取工资谋生计，并且比较固定的工作。
career
指职业、事业；指某种经过特殊训练而又为之献身的终身事业，带有崇高色彩。
profession
指那些必须受到特殊教育及训练才可胜任，带有专业性质的工作，多为创造性的脑力劳动。
12.confuse
vt.
使迷惑；使为难
【例句】
Her
expression
confused
me.她的表情使我困惑。
【考点聚焦】
1）名词：confusion
n.
混乱；紊乱；混乱状态
2）常用搭配：confuse
with/and
混淆；把……混同；辨别不清，如：
I’m
always
confusing
John
with/and
Paul.我一直分不清约翰和保罗。
3）confused
和confusing的区别：
两者都是形容词。confused指“困惑的；迷惑不解的；被弄糊涂的”，表示人的内心感受；confusing“使人困惑的；令人迷惑的；使人混乱的”，表示事物的状态。
13.regret
regret
(regretted)
vt.
(对……)遗憾；惋惜
n.[c,u]
遗憾；惋惜
[典例]
1).
If
you
go
now,
you’
ll
regret
it.
假若你现在就走,
一定得後悔。
2).
I
regret
to
say
the
job
has
been
filled.
十分抱歉,
那个工作已经有人做了。
[重点用法]
regret
to
say/tell/announce/inform
遗憾地说/告诉/宣布/通知??
regret
doing
/
having
done
sth.
后悔已做了某事?
????
??????regret
that
遗憾/后悔…
to
one’s
regret
令某人后悔的是
[练习]
用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1).
I
now
regret
_______
(leave)
school
so
young.
2).
_______
_______
_______
_______(非常抱歉),
I
am
unable
to
accept
your
invitation.
3).
I
regret
_______
(inform)
you
that
your
contract
will
not
be
renewed.
Keys:
1).
leaving
/
having
done??
2).
Much
to
my
regret/To
my
great
regret??
3).
to
inform
14.build
up
逐渐建立；逐渐增强体质；开发
1).
You
need
more
protein
to
build
you
up.
你需要增加蛋白质以增强体质。
2).
He
is
now
trying
to
build
up
a
fine
reputation.
他正在努力逐步赢得好的声誉。
15.lead
to
用名词作宾语：lead
to
sth.
导致某种事情，如：
lead
to
further
discussion
导出进一步讨论；
lead
to
disaster.导致灾难；
用动名词作宾语
lead
to
doing
sth.
导致做了某事，如：
lead
to
discussing
it
again.
导致再次讨论它
也可以用被动表示：lead
to
it's/it
being
discussed
again.导致他被讨论。
用不定式的复合结构作宾语：lead
sb.
to
do
sth.
引导某人做某事，其中
sb.
是宾语，to
do
sth.
是补足语，如：
The
experiment
led
them
to
to
have
to
believe
in
its
correctness.
实验使得他们不得不相信它的正确性。
All
roads
lead
to
Rome.
条条大道通罗马。
Too
much
work
and
too
little
rest
often
lead
to
illness.
过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。
16.focus
vt.&vi.
集中(注意力)；聚焦?
n.
[c,u]
焦点；中心点
???
1).
Focus
your
camera.
把照相机的焦距调准。
2).
Her
beauty
makes
her
the
focus
of
attention.
她长得漂亮,
很惹人注目。
[重点用法]
focus
on集中于????????
focus
(one’
s
attention/mind/efforts)
on集中(注意力/心思/精力)于?
17.reduce
vt.
减少；缩减；简化
【考点聚焦】
1）反义词：increase；名词：reduction减少（量）；削减（数）；降低（数）
2）reduce
to
使……变为（更小尺寸或更简单形式）；使成为某种状态；
reduce
by
（以……的比例、程度）减少。
18.keep
free
from/of
keep...free
from/of
=
protect
sb./sth.
from...
使……免受(影响/伤害)；使……不含(有害物)??????
[典例]
1).
We
should
keep
ourselves
free
from
drugs.
我们应该远离毒品。
2).
I
hope
you
will
keep
yourself
free
from
tobacco
and
alcohol.
我希望你不抽烟不喝酒。
19.comment
comment
vi.&vt.
表达意见；作出评论
n.
[c,
u]
评论；议论??
1).
The
scandal
caused
a
lot
of
comment.
这件丑闻遭到很多议论。
2).
“Will
you
resign,
Minister?”
“No
comment!”“部长，你是要辞职吗?”“无可奉告。”
[重点用法]
comment
on/about
sth./sb.
对某事/某人评论
make
comments/no
comment
on
sth./sb.
对某事/某人评论/不进行评论
同步练习
一．请根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式
1.
Our
country
has
become
self-sufficient
in
______
(粮食).
2.
The
road
signs
_________(使糊涂)
the
driver.
3.
The
only
way
to
do
that
is
to
______
(减少)
expenses.
4.
The
school
_________(提供)
books
for
children.
5.
We
took
the
opportunity
to
_______(交流)
experience
with
them.
6.He
has
a?????????????(晒黑的)
face?and
bright
eyes.
7.
The
________
(斗争)
for
independence
was
long
and
hard.
8.
The
factory
must
increase
its
________(产量).
9.
They
________(用掉)
all
their
strength
in
trying
to
climb
out.
10.
Our
army
is
well
_______
(装备).
二．?句型转换
根据A句句义，用适当的句型或短语完成B?句,使其句义相同或相近。
11.
A:
Compared
with
maths
I
like
English
better.
B:
I
_______
English
______
maths.
12.
A:
Even
if
he
dies
he
won’t
give
in.
B:
He
________
______
die
______
give
in.
13.
A:
We
should
save
the
sick
free
from
pain.
B:
We
should
______
the
sick
_____
pain.
14.???A:
He
doesn’t
like
to
live
a
comfortable
life.
B:
He
doesn’t
______
_____
living
a
comfortable
life.
15.
A:
Dr
Yuan
has
spent
all
his
time
on
his
research.
B:
Dr
Yuan
has
______
all
his
time
______
his
research.
三．完成句子
16.
Sheep
_____
______(以…?为食)grass.
17.
Since
he
came
to
this
class,
he
hasn’t
played
______
_______
(不再)
as
he
did
before.
18.
_______
________
(由于)
his
hard
work,
he
achieved
great
success.
19.
The
policeman
______
(搜查)
the
thief
______
the
lost
money.
20.
Please
_______
_______
(参阅)
your
dictionaries
if
you
meet
new
words.
四、单项填空??
21.
—
_______
David
and
Vicky
_____
married?
?—
For
about
three
years.
A.
How
long
were;
have
been
B.
How
long
have;
have
been
C.
How
long
have;
been
D.
How
long
did;
get
22.
Luckily
for
us,
when
we
got
there
the
weather
_______
to
be
fine.
A.
turned
up??????B.
turned
out
C.
turned
over????D.
turned
into
23.
Having
heard
my
answer,
the
master
nodded
_______
satisfaction,
“I’m
quite
satisfied
_____you.”
A.
with;
with??B.
on;
by
C.
in;
to??????D.
in;
of
24.
—The
matter
must
be
looked
into.
—
We
are
supposed
to
have
a
little
________
.
A.
rain????B.
weather
C.
patient??D.
look
25.
In
the
traffic
accident
five
were
killed
and
twenty
__________.
A.
losing?????B.
missed
C.
damaged???D.
injured
26.
We
are
_______
happy
to
hear
of
the
success
of
their
team.
A.
enough?????B.
more
than
C.
many
more??D.
much
many
27.
We
won't
give
up
________
we
should
fail
ten
times.
A.
even
if???B.
since
C.
whether??D.
until
28.?—Well,
you'd
better
not
buy
that
shirt.
Brown
and
black
don't
go
together.
—?________
I
wear
it
with
my
other
shirt?
A.
How
do
you
like
B.
Who
C.
What
if
D.
Which
29.
A
middle-aged
woman
came
________
to
the
bus
stop
only
________
the
bus
had
gone.
A.
run;
to
find
B.
running;
to
find
C.
and
ran;
found
D.
running;
finding
30.___________
your
help,
I
got
the
first
in
the
final-term
English
examination.
A.
Thanks
to???B.
Without
C.
If
not??????D.
But
for
31.
You
should
try
to
get
a
good
night’s
sleep
______
much
work
you
have
to
do.
??????A.
however??????B.
no
matter
C.
although???????D.
whatever
32.
Now
that
you
have
a
job,
you
must
exert
(努力)
yourself
in
______
you
do
at
work.
??A.
however????????B.
no
matter
what
C.
no
matter
how???D.
whatever
33.
She
is
good
______
playing
the
piano
and
good
______
her
students,
which
is
good
_______
the
students.
??A.
at;
for;
to????B.
to;
to;
for
C.
at;
to;
for????D.
to;
at;
for
34.
She
watches
TV
_______
evening
and
changes
channels(频道)
____
few
minutes.
???A.
in;
every??????B.
every;
every
C.
every;
each?????D.
every;
in
35.
_____
is
often
the
case,
we
have
worked
out
the
production
plan.
??A.
Which???B.
When
C.
What????D.
As
参考答案
一．单词拼写
1.
grain??2.
confused??3.
increase??4.??supplies???5.
exchange
6.
sunburnt??7.
struggle??8.
output??9.
expanded??10.
equipped
二．句型转换
11.
prefer;
to??12.
would
rather;
than??13.
rid;
of??14.
care
about??15.
devoted;
to
三．完成句子
16.
feed
on??17.
any
longer??18.
Thanks
to
19.
searched;
for??20.
refer
to
四、单项填空
21—25
CBACD??26—30
BACBA??31—35
ADCBD
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