人教版英语八年级下册Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? Section A 4a-4c 课件 （共48张PPT）

(共48张PPT)
Period
3
Section
A
4a-4c
Grammar
focus
Unit
3
Could
you
please
clean
your
room?
根据所学内容，写出下列短语。
叠衣服
做菜
用某人的电脑
扔垃圾
铺床
扫地
熬夜
生某人的气
带……出去散步
fold
one’s
clothes
do
the
dishes
use
one’s
computer
take
out
the
rubbish
make
the
bed
sweep
the
floor
stay
out
late
be
angry
with
sb.
take
sb.
for
a
walk
打扫客厅
在……上工作
过来
做家务
搭车
clean
the
living
room
work
on…
come
over
do
the
housework
get
a
ride
enjoy
dinner
with
my
family.
A:
Mum,
could
I
go
out
for
dinner
with
my
friends?
B:
Sure,
that
should
be
OK.
A:
Could
I
get
something
to
drink
with
my
friends
after
the
movie?
B:
Sure,
you
can.
A:
Could
I
get
something
to
drink
with
my
friends
after
the
movie?
B:
No,
you
can’t,
you
have
a
basketball
game
tomorrow.
take
the
dog
for
a
walk
遛狗
A:
Can
you
please
take
the
dog
for
a
walk?
B:
OK,
but
I
want
to
watch
one
show
first.
take
out
the
rubbish
扔垃圾
A:
Can
you
please
take
out
the
rubbish?
B:
Yes,
sure.
Grammar
Focus
Could
I
go
out
for
dinner
with
my
friends?
Sure,
that
should
be
OK.
Could
we
get
something
to
drink
after
the
movie?
No,
you
can’t,
you
have
a
basketball
game
tomorrow.
Can
you
please
take
the
dog
for
a
walk?
OK,
but
I
want
to
watch
one
show
first.
Can
you
please
take
out
the
rubbish?
Yes,
sure.
Key
sentence
structures
Could
you（please）+
V-原形？
表示委婉地提出请求
1.
Could
you
please
clean
your
room?
Yes,
sure./
Of
course./
Certainly./All
right.
2.
Could
you
please
do
the
dishes?
Sorry,
I
can’t.
I
have
to
do
my
homework.
—Peter,
could
you
please
take
out
the
trash?
—Sure,
Mom.
—Could
you
please
do
the
dishes?
—Sorry,
I
can’t.
I
have
to
do
my
homework.
只作情态动词的
can
/
could,
may
/
might,
ought
to,
must
可情态可实义的　
need,
dare
可情态可助动词的
shall
/
should,
will
/
would
相当于情态动词的
have
to,
used
to
情态动词的语法特征
1)
情态动词不能单独做谓语,
除ought和have外,
后面只能接不带to的不定式。
2)
情态动词没有人称,
数的变化,
但有些情态动词,
如can、will也有一般式和过去式的变化。
3)?情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志,
不少情况下,
情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。
1)
can的主要用法是：
?
A.?
表示体力或脑力的能力：
?
e.g.
The
girl
can
dance
very
well.
B.?
表示说话的推测﹑事物的可能性等:
e.g.
Can
the
news
be
true?
C.
在口语中,
can可以表示请求或允许:
e.g.
Can
I
sit
here?
can
和could：
can表示“能够”时与短语be
able
to同义，但can只用于一般现在时或过去时，而后者可用于各种时态。另外，can表示个人有某种能力，而be
able
to表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事，相当于succeed
in
doing
sth.；叙述过去事实时，最好用was
/
were
able
to，因为could只表示过去具有某种能力。
如：
Can
you
understand
the
different
kinds
of
English
these
people
are
using?
Two
years
later,
he
was
able
to
speak
very
good
Chinese.
2)
could的主要用法是：
A.
could
是can的过去式,
表示与过去
有关的能力和推测:
e.g.
We
all
knew
that
the
young
man
couldn’t
be
a
doctor.
B.
could可以代替can表示请求,
但语气较can客气、委婉:
e.g.
Could
you
lend
me
your
dictionary?
Could
I
use
your
bike?
3)
can和could接动词的完成形式，表示可能已经做某事。can用在否定和疑问句中,
表示不相信、怀疑等态度。
　
e.g.
They
can’t
have
gone
out
because
the
light
is
still
on.
以could或would提问时，不能再以could或would作答，而应该用can或will。如：
—Could
I
borrow
your
dictionary?
—Yes,
of
course
you
can.
情态动词用法小结
1.
情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,
只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2.
情态动词除ought
和have
外,
后面只能接不带to
的不定式。
3.
情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4.
情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词等形式。
could与can的区别
could与can都是情态动词,
could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求,
但是用法稍有不同。
can
表示一般性的请求，语气随便,
常用于
熟人之间或长辈对晚辈,
上级对下级的
场合。
e.g.
Can
you
tell
us
your
story,
Tony
?
Tony，你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗？
could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，
常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈，下级
对上级的场合。比如：
--Could
you
tell
us
if
it
snows
in
winter
in
Australia?
--Sure.
--请告诉我们,
澳大利亚冬天下雪吗?
--当然可以。
注意：1.
提出委婉的请求在回答中不可用could。
A:
Could
I
have
the
television
on?
B:
Yes,
you
can.
/
No,
you
can’t.
2.
在否定、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑用couldn’t。
He
couldn’t
be
a
bad
man.　　
他不大可能是坏人。
may和might
表示允许或请求;
表示没有把握的推测;
may放在句首,
表示祝愿。
May
God
bless
you!
He
might
be
at
home.
注意:
might
表示推测时,
不表示时态，只是可能性比may小。
1.
两词都是
“必须”的意思,
have
to
表示客观的需要,
must
表示
说话人主观上的看法,
既主观
上的必要。
have
to和must
My
brother
was
very
ill,
so
I
had
to
call
the
doctor
in
the
middle
of
the
night.　
我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里
把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
He
said
that
they
must
work
hard.
他说他们必须努力工作。
(主观上要做这件事)
2.
have
to
有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must
可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
He
had
to
look
after
his
sister
yesterday.
3.
在否定结构中:
don’t
have
to
表示
“不必”,
mustn’t
表示“禁止”。
You
don’t
have
to
tell
him
about
it.　
你不一定要把此事告诉他。
You
mustn’t
tell
him
about
it.　　　　你一定不要把这件事告诉他。
Write
R
for
requests
and
P
for
permissions.
Then
match
each
one
with
the
correct
response.
_____
Could
I
hang
out
with
my
friends
after
the
movie?
2.
____Could
you
please
pass
me
the
salt?
3.____Could
I
borrow
that
book?
4.____Could
you
help
me
do
the
dishes?
5.____Could
you
lend
me
some
money?
P
R
P
R
R
4a
Yes,
here
you
are.
Hmm.
How
much
do
you
need?
Yes,
sure.
No
problem.
I
finished
reading
it
last
night.
d.
Yes,
but
don’t
come
back
too
late.
e.
No,
I
can't
I
cut
my
finger
and
I’m
trying
not
to
get
it
wet.
1—d
2---a
3---c
4---e
5---b
Fill
in
the
blanks
in
the
conversation.
A:
I
hate
to______
chores.
B:
Well,
I
hate
some
chores
too,
but
I
like
other
chores.
A:
Really?
Great!
________I
ask
you
to____
me
with
some
chores
then?
B:
What
do
you
need
help
with
?
A:
______
you
please
_____my
clothes
for
me?
B:
I
don’t
want
to
do
that!
It’s
boring!
Could
do
help
Could
fold
4b
A:
OK.
Then______
you
______do
the
dishes
for
me?
B:
Sure,
no
problem.
But_______
we
go
to
the
movies
after
that?
A:
Sure,
I’ll
finish
my
homework
while
you
help
me
with
the
dishes.
Then
we
can
go
to
the
movies.
could
please
could
If
we
are
having
a
camping
trip,
what
should
we
do
before
the
trip?
What
should
we
do
before
the
trip?
buy
some
drinks
buy
some
food
take
a
big
cloth
bring
a
tent
take
an
umbrella
take
a
rubbish
bag
bring
a
camera
prepare
some
programs
4c
Make
a
list
of
things
your
group
needs
to
do
for
a
camping
trip.
Then
discuss
who
will
do
bring
a
tent
them
and
complete
the
chart.
A:
Could
you
please
bring
Liu
Chang?
B:
Sure.
And
could
you
please
…?
C:
Sorry,
I
can’t.
I
have
to…
Pair
work
To—do
list
Name
Bring
a
tent
Liu
Chang
borrow和lend
borrow和lend都有“借”的意思，但它们的含义和用法有所不同。
★
borrow表示“借入”，即把本来不属于自己的东西借来暂时使用，常与介词from连用。如：
You
can
borrow
a
book
from
the
library.?
★
lend表示“借出”，即把属于自己的东西借给别人暂时使用，常与介词to连用，也可以跟双宾语。如：
He’s
going
to
lend
his
bike
to
Tom.
You
mustn’t
lend
others
my
pen.?
hate用作动词，与like意义相反，意为“憎恨，厌恶，不喜欢”，其后可接名词、代词、动词的-ing形式以及动词不定式等。
e.g.
Lily
hates
mice
/
them.
Jim
hated
exercising
when
he
was
young.
I
hate
to
do
the
laundry
now.
用情态动词can/could,
can’t,
may,
must,
mustn’t
,
needn’t填空。
1.
-
_____
you
come
and
play
with
us
now?
?
-
I’m
afraid
I
_____.
I
_____
do
the
cooking.
I
____
come
later.
2.
-
_____
we
clean
the
windows
today?
????-
No,
you
_______.
You
____
clean
them
tomorrow.?
Could
can’t
must
can
Must
needn’t
can
3.
-
____
I
watch
TV
this
evening,
mum?
?
-
No,
you
_______.
Work
_____
come
first.
4.
-
____
I
come
in,
please?
????-Yes,
please.
5.
Excuse
me.
____
you
tell
me
the
way
to
the
cinema?
May
mustn’t
must
Can
Can
A:
Could
you
help
me,
please?
B:
___________!
A:
I
want
to
________these
boxes
to
my
home
Let’s
______
the
boxes
_____
the
car
now.
B:
_______right.
A:
Oh,
the
box
___
heavy.
Can
you
carry
it?
B:
Yes,
I______
A:
________you
_____
it
to
my
room?
B:
Certainly.
完成对话
Certainly
take
put
in
All
is
can
Could
take
can;
could
When
I
was
young
I
_____
climb
any
tree
in
the
forest.
Learning
a
language
_____
be
a
real
challenge.
could
can
选用正确的情态动词填空。
这个暑假你与父母要去法国去度假，
你的宠物小猫Mimi需要请Jimmy帮忙照顾。请用下面的提示词给Jimmy写份留言。
take
care
of,
take
for
a
walk,
feed
and
give
some
water,
play
with
him,
clean
Dear
Jimmy,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Li
Ming
The
end
of
this
period!