初中英语八种时态归纳复习

初中英语八种时态归纳复习
Ⅰ. 初中英语八种时态归纳复习
时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态：
时态 用法/定义 构成 常用时间状语 例句 备注
一般现在时 ①现阶段经常性、习惯性的动作；②目前的状态；③客观真理。 有be 动词：肯：主语+be(am/is/are)+其他成分；否：主语+be not +其他成分；一疑：Be+主语+其他成分？回答：Yes,主语+am/is/are. No,主语+am not/isn’t/aren’t.没有be动词：主语为第三人称单数：肯：主语+第三人称单数形式+其他成分.否：主语+doesn’t+动词原形+其他成分.一疑：Does +主语+动词原形+其他成分？ Yes,主语+does. No,主语+doesn’t.主语为非第三人称单数：肯：主语+动词原形+其他成分.否:主语+don’t+动词原形+其他成分.一疑：Do +主语+动词原形+其他成分？Yes,主语+do. No,主语+don’t. Always;often;Usually;sometimes;Seldom;never;Every+ day/week/year;On Sundays;Twice a year We have four lessons in the morning.If it doesn’t rain,we’ll go to the park. 在if/when/as soon as/until/before引导的状语从句中，使用一般现在时表将来
一般过去时 过去发生的动作；过去存在的状态。 有be动词的情况：肯：主语+was/were+其他成分.否：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他成分.疑：Were/Was+主语+其他成分？Yes,主语+was/were.No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t.特疑：特殊疑问词+ was/were+主语+其他成分？没有be的情况：肯：主语+动词的过去式+其他成分.否：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他成分.疑：Did+主语+动词原形+其他成分？ Yes,主语+did. No,主语+didn’t.特疑：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他成分？ Ago（two hours ago）、 yesterday、the day before yesterday、last （week, year, night, month…), 具体时间, just now（刚才）, once upon a time(很久以前) I bought a dictionary yesterday.Hanmei was in the classroom a Moment ago.When did you meet him Used to do sth过去常常做某事
一般将来时 表示将来发生的动作和状态。 ①肯：主语+助动词(will/shall)+动词原形+其他成分否：主语+will not/shall not+动词原形+其他成分一疑：Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他成分？ Yes,***shall/will. No,***shall not/will not.肯：主语+am/is/are+going to do +其他成分.否：主语+am/is/are not going to do +其他成分疑：Am/Is/Are+ 主语+going to do +其他成分？ Yes,** am/is/are. No,**am not./isn’t/aren’t tomorrow, nextday(week,month,year)soon, in a few minutes,in+一段时间， the day after tomorrow, etc. They will (are going to ) meet outside the school gate tomorrow afternoon. If he comes back, I’ll tell him about it. I will be 16 years old next week. 注意：be going to+动词原形表将来与will+动词原形的区别
过去将来时 从过去某一时间看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态 Would +动词原形was(were) going to+动词原形 The next dayThe next year He said he would come to China the next month.She heard the gardener would cut that tree down. Nobody knew that what would happen after a hundred years. 主要用于主句为过去时的宾语从句
现在进行时 说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作；也可以表示现在这一段时间内一直或反复进行的动作。 肯：主语+am/is/are+doing +其它成分.否：主语+am/is/are not+doing+其他成分.一疑：Am/Is/Are+主语+doing +其他成分？ Yes, 主语+am/is/are. No,主语+am not./isn’t/aren’t. now, at this time, these days,Look!Listen!It’s four o’clock. He is writing a letter now. She is visiting Beijing atPresent. I’m leaving heretomorrow. 移动性动词：come/Go;start;Arrive;Leave;Stay的现在进行时表将来；Eg: When Are you coming back
过去进行时 表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作 肯：主语+was/were+doing+其他成分.否：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+doing+其他成分.一疑：Was/Were+主语+doing+其他成分？ Yes,主语+was/were. No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t. At six yesterday;At that momentat this/that time yesterday, at that time以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语 John was singing when I Saw him. They were working at that time. Were you having PE class at this time yesterday When，While引导的时间状语从句从句中过去进行时的运用
现在完成时 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 肯：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他成分.否：主语+have/has not +过去分词+其他成分.一疑：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他成分？ Yes,主语+have/has. No,主语+have/has. recently,lately,already,yet,never,just,ever,before,since+过去的时间点；for+时间段；in/during+the past/last few years My mother has just gone out.I’ve just finished my homework.My brother has studied in Beijing University for about three years.I have been very busy recently.
过去完成时 表示过去某一时刻之前已经完成的动作，强调“过去的过去” 肯：主语+had+过去分词+其他成分否：主语+hadn’t+过去分词+其他成分.一疑：Had +主语+过去分词+其他成分？ Yes,主语+had. No,主语+hadn’t. before, by the end of last year(term, month…)主句为过去时的宾语从句中 By nine o’clock last night,We had got 200 picturesrom to spaceship. He said he had at the bus Stop for minutes when a bus finally came.Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语：
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时：
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时：
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
基本结构：am/is/are+doing
否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
四、过去进行时：
概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was/were+doing
否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。
五、现在完成时：
概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
基本结构：have/has + done b
否定形式：have/has + not +d one.
一般疑问句：have或has。
六、过去完成时：
概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
基本结构：had + done.
否定形式：had + not + done.
一般疑问句：had放于句首。
七、一般将来时：
概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.
否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。
八、过去将来时：
概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
基本结构：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.
否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would/should 提到句首。
Ⅱ. 几种常见时态的相互转换
英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换，以下是几种常见的转换形式：
一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换
在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看：
A. He joined the League two years ago.
B. He has been in the League for two years.
C. It is two years since he joined the League.
D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看：
Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.
Peter is working, but Mike is playing.
三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看：
The train is leaving soon.
The train will leave soon.
四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换
“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。请看：
We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
初中英语时态和语态专项练习题
用括号中动词的适当的形式填空。
1．The boy is happy because he ___________(sell) out all the newspapers.
2．If it __________(not rain) tomorrow, we ____________(go )fishing.
3．Where ____________you____________(be) these days
4．Where is Tom He _________(go) to the post office. He said he _________(come) back soon.
5．Mike says he _________(want )to be a worker after he _________ (finish )school.
6．The last bus ____________just ________(leave) when they ________(get) to the bus stop.
7．She _________(not go) to bed until she _______(finish) her work.
8．Light ___________(travel )much faster than sound.
9．I __________(feel) much better after I _______(take) the medicine.
10．”Where ________we________(meet) ” “Let’s meet outside the park gate.”
11．I _________(lost) my bike ._________you _________(see) it anywhere
12．We __________(see) several members of the family since we ________(arrive)
13．I found that the students _________(play) football on the playground.
14．He said he __________(stay) here for another two days.
15．I________ never ________(eat) such delicious noodles before.
16．When we reached the town, it _______(get) dark.
17．We ________(have) lunch when suddenly someone knocked at the door.
18．Lucy said she ________(visit) the school the next month.
19．I ________(wait) until he comes back.
20．You ________(watch) TV after supper, aren’t you
21．They _________(be) to that small village several times.
22．I _________(be) fifteen soon.
23．Tom, your aunt _______(come) this afternoon .
24．My teacher often _________(tell) us not to play on the street.
25．They________(plant) trees on the hill. Do you see
26．The teacher said that the earth ________(move) round the sun.
27．She said she _______(put) on a new coat the next day.
28．Could you tell me where Alice ________ (live)
29．________the street lights usually _______(turn) on at seven in summer evening
30．I _______(not go) to the cinema because I ________(see) the film before.
31．It ________(get) dark. What about ________(go) home at once
32．You ________(be) late if you __________(not hurry).
33．Use your head and you _________(find) a better way.
34．Look！Someone ________(lie) on the floor.
35．It __________(rain) harder now. It ________(rain) quite often in summer.
36．Here _______(come) the bus.
37．I don’t know when the manager ________(return), but when be _________(come) back I _________(let) you know.
38．“Where ________(be) you this time yesterday ”
“I________(be) at home. I _______(go) over my lessons then.”
初中英语动词时态专项训练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空：
1 He swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)
2.It you are right. ( seem )
3.Look, the children basketball on the playground. ( play )
4.He to the radio when I came in, ( listen )
5.It is very cold .I think it . ( rain )
6. —I need some paper . —I some for you . ( bring )
7.I can’t find my pen . Who it ( take )
8.He said that he back in five minutes . ( come )
9.I didn’t meet him. He when I got there. ( leave )
10.I my bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose )
11.He down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )
12.He is not here. He to the post office. (go)
13.He is very hungry. He anything for three days. ( not eat )
14.I with you if I have time . ( go )
15.We will go to the cinema if it tomorrow . (rain )
16.I will tell her the news when she to see me next week. (come)
17. “ When you the car ” “ In 1998 . ”( buy )
18.We good friends since we met at school . （be）
19.What you at five yesterday afternoon (do)
20.The bike is nice . How much it (cost)
二、选择最佳答案填空
（ ）1.We’ll go swimming if the weather fine tomorrow.
A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to be
（ ）2.It five years since he has left for Beijing.
A. was B. have been C. is D. is going to be
（ ）3.Please don’t leave the office until your friend back.
A. came B. comes C. have come D. will come
（ ）4.By the end of last year he about 1500 English words.
A. learns B. learned C. was learning D. had learned
（ ）5.Listen ! Someone in the next room .
A. cried B. crying C. is crying D. has cried
（ ）6.You must tell him the news as soon as you him.
A. see B. sees C. will see D. is seeing
（ ）7.He told me that he to see us the next day.
A. comes B. came C. will come D. would come
（ ）8.We can’t find him anywhere . Perhaps he home.
A. is going B. went C. has come D. would come
（ ）9.The teacher told us that the sun bigger than the earth.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
（ ）10.Could you tell me where the railway station
A. was B. is C. will be D. would be
（ ）11.We to the Great Wall several times.
A. go B. were going C. have gone D. have been
（ ）12.It seemed that the old man for something over there.
A. looks B. looked C. was looking D. has looked
（ ）13.He was sure that he his wallet in the office .
A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left
（ ）14.You must study hard if you want to fail the exam.
A. won’t B. don’t C. haven’t D. hadn’t
（ ）15. —I’m afraid you can’t sit here . —Sorry , I know.
A. don’t B. won’t C. can’t D. didn’t
（ ）16. As she the newspaper , Granny asleep.
A. read , was falling B. fell
C. was reading , was falling D. read , fell
（ ）17. — my glasses —Yes , I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen
（ ）18. —Jim is not coming tonight . —But he !
A. promises（许诺） B. promised
C. will promise D. had promised
（ ）19. —What’s her name —I .
A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting
（ ）20.You your turn so you’ll have to wait.
A. will miss B. have missed C. are missing D. had missed
三、动词时态能力综合测试
（ ）1.He often his clothes on Sundays.
A. washing B. washes C. has washed D. wash
（ ）2.I’m Chinese. Where from
A. do you come B. you are coming C. you come D. are you coming
（ ）3.May to school.
A. never walks B. is never walking
C. walk never D. never is walking
（ ）4.We will start as soon as our teacher .
A. comes B. will come C. come D. is coming
（ ）5.How long ago playing football
A. have you stopped B. had you stopped
C. did you stop D. do you stop
（ ）6.It hard when I left my house .
A. is raining B. rains C. was raining D. will rain
（ ）7.I think this question to answer.
A. easy B. is easy C. was easy D. will easy
（ ）8. Don’t talk so loudly . Your father
A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept D. had slept
（ ）9.How many people does the doctor know who of the disease (疾病)？
A. are dying B. is dying C. has died D. dies
（ ）10.I my homework now.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished
（ ）11.It ten years since his father died.
A. is B. was C. had been D. will be
（ ）12.He for three years.
A. has joined B. has been in the army
C. joined D. has served the army
（ ）13.His grandfather for thirty years.
A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died
（ ）14.I from my brother for a long time.
A. not have heard B. have not heard
C. have heard not D. do not hear
（ ）15.Maths , one of the most important subjects always interested him.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
（ ）16.—Did your brother go to America last year —
A. No , he did never go there B. No , he has never gone here
C. No , he never was there D. No , he’s never been there
（ ）17.He that factory since 1958.
A. has left B. has worked in C. has gone from D. has come to
（ ）18.Since ten years ago great changes in China.
A. happened B. have been happened
C. have happened D. are taken place
（ ）19.Our teacher to Beijing three times.
A. went B. had gone C. has gone D. has been
（ ）20.It’s the third time you late this week.
A. had arrived B. arrived C. have arrived D. arrive
（ ）21. the film since I came here.
A. I’ve seen B. I will see C. I would see D. I see
（ ）22.Last week John his leg.
A. felt and broken B. fell and broke
C. feels and breaks D. fallen and broken
（ ）23.Jack his thick coat because it was snowing.
A. puts on B. put on C. takes on D. took on
（ ）24.He the picture on the wall.
A. hanged B. hung C. has hanged D. was hanged
（ ）25.Next month twenty five.
A. has my sister B. my sister will be
C. my sister shall have D. my sister is going to be
（ ）26.You her again in a few weeks.
A. will see B. have seen C. had seen D. have been seen
（ ）27.My parents me to be a doctor.
A. hoped B. wanted C. decided D. withes
（ ）28.It hard when we left.
A. is raining B. has rained C. rained D. was raining
（ ）29. By the end of last term we English for two years.
A. have studied B. have been studied
C. would studied D. had studied
（ ）30.She said that she there for five years .
A. has worked B. had worked C. was working D. worked
（ ）31.Mrs Brown in New York for three years before she went to London.
A. lived B. had lived C. has lived D. will live
（ ）32.When we arrived , the dinner .
A. already began B. has already begun
C. had already begun D. was just begun
（ ）33.I will go home for the holiday as soon as I my exams.
A. will finish B. finish C. finishing D. finished
（ ）34.When , I’ll talk to him.
A. does Peter come B. Peter will come
C. Peter comes D. can Peter come
（ ）35.My sister to see me . She’ll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
（ ）36.They said they our answer the next day .
A. had heard B. would hear of C. would hear D. will hear
（ ）37.The old man said that light faster than sound.
A. went B. will go C. travels D. will travel
（ ）38.Oh, dear Xiao Hong . I you in Nanjing.
A. don’t know , are B. didn’t know , were
C. didn’t know , are D. don’t know , have been
（ ）39.—Is John going away
— I think so . He for a better job, but he didn’t get it.
A. had hoped B. was hoped C. hoping D. had hope
（ ）40.I am sure he’ll come to see me before he Beijing.
A. leave B. left C. will leave D. leaves