人教版高一英语必修一Unit 1 Friendship同步讲解（无答案）

Unit
1
同步讲解
1.??add?
(vt./vi)加，增加，补充说
词性拓展：
additional?
(adj)
附加的，另外的；
addition
(n.)
加，增加
in
addition
另外；此外????????
in
addition
to
除了……
用法：
（1）add
sth.
up
把…加起来
（2）add
to
增添
（3）add…
to
…
把…加到…
(4)add
up?
把…加起来?
(5)add
up
to
总计；加起来结果是
…
?What
he
said
about
the
accident
and
did
with
it
?______
our
trouble.
A.
added
up
to?
B.
added
to?
C.
add
up??
D.
add
add
to
增添；不能用被动(B)
You’d
better
________
your
score
and
see
if
you
have
passed
the
exam.
A.
add
up
to?
B.
add
to?
C.
add
up??
D.
add
A
强调加起来的结果；C意为把……加起来（C）
2.??????
ignore
(vt.)不理睬
；忽视
词性拓展：
ignorant?
adj.?
无知的；不知的????????
ignorance??
n.?
无知；愚昧
用法：（1）ignore
sb./
sth.
忽视某人/某物
（2）be
ignorant
of
sth
he
________
the
doctor’s
advice
and
goes
on
smoking.
I
was
________
of
the
fact
that
the
boss
could
be
so
strict.
(ignores;
ignorant)
3.
clam?
adj.?
平静的；镇静的；沉静的
you
should
keep
clam
in
time
of
danger.
区别：silent
不说话，不出声；quite
安静的；宁静的；still
不动的；强调“静止状态”；clam?
指人“沉着，镇定”；指自然“无风无浪”。
（1）?The
old
man
stood
quite
????????????_______
,
except
that
his
lips
moved
slightly.
（2）???One
man
shouted
at
the
boy,
“
be
_______,
boy
!
what’s
the
matter
with
you?”
（3）??He
is
_______
about
the
accident.
（4）??He
remained
_________
in
the
face
of
the
cruel
enemy.
(1.?still
2.quite.
3.
silent.
4.
calm)
4.concern?
vt.
涉及；关系到????
n.关心；关注
用法拓展：
(1)
be
concerned
about/for
sth.关心挂念……
(2)as
far
as
…be
concerned
…就……
而言
The
meeting
was
concerned
_________
reforms
and
everyone
present
was
concerned
_______
their
own
interests.
A.
with;
for??
B.
with;
with???
C.
for;
about;?
D.
about;
with
(前一句理解为“会议与改革有关”，因此此处应填介词with;
后一句句意为“到会的每一个人都关心自己的利益”，因此空二填介词
about/for
。
A)
5．cheat
n.
欺骗;骗子??
vt./vi.
欺骗；作弊
用法拓展：
（1）
cheat
sb.
into
doing
sth..欺骗某人做某事
????????
（2）cheat
sb.
(out)
of
sth.
欺骗某人某物
????????
（3）cheat
sb.
into
the
belief
that
…
骗某人相信…
(4)???
cheat
in
the
exam
考试作弊
6．crazy?
adj.
疯狂的；狂热的
用法拓展：?
（1）be
crazy
about
…….对……
狂热，痴迷
（2）be
crazy
for
sb./sth.
=long
for
渴望某物或迷恋某人
（3）?be
crazy
with
因……而发疯
He
has
greatly
improved
is
spoken
English
by
learning
Crazy
English.?And
he
________
a
chance
to
go
abroad.?
A.
is
crazy
about??
B.
is
crazy
for???
C.
is
hoping
for??
D.
hopes
about
?
7．go
through?
(1)经历；经受??
（2）仔细阅读或研究；仔细查看?
（3）完成；用光；通过；穿过
?You
really
don’t
know
what
we
went
through
while
working
on
this
project.?
你的确不知道我们搞这个项目吃了多少苦。
用法拓展：
see
through
看穿；看破???
get
through
通过；完成；接通电话
????????
break
through
突破?
look
through
浏览??
through
and
through
从头至尾地
?
8．?hide
away
躲藏；隐藏；
把……隐藏起来
He
hides
my
book
away
somewhere.
他把我的书藏在某个地方了。
?
9．set
down
放下；记下；登记
Why
don’t
you
set
your
ideas
down
on
paper?
用法拓展：
set
down=
put
down=
take
down
(1)???
set
about
doing
sth.开始做某事
(2)???
set
off?
开始；出发；引爆????????
set
sth.
off
使……
爆炸
(3)???
set
up
建立；创办
(4)???
set
sb.
a
good
example
为……树立好榜样
(5)???
set
fire
to
放火烧
(6)???
set
aside??
把
……放在一边；存储
She
________
the
vase
on
the
table
and
went
out.
A.
set
out
??B.
set
up???
C.
set
down?
D.
set
on
(C.
放下)
?
10．?★
happen
to
do
sth.
碰巧正在做某事
When
I
was
about
to
look
for
him,
he
happened
to
come
in.
用法拓展：
(1)
happen
to
be
doing
碰巧正在做某事
（2）happen
to
have
done
碰巧做完了某事
（4）?happen
to
sb.
/
sth
.发生
（5）??It
happens
that
(从句)=
主语+
happen
+
to
do
碰巧…….
（6）??As
it
happens
碰巧；偶然
It
happened
that
I
met
him
on
my
way
home,
yesterday.
(
改为同义句)
=??I
happened
to
meet
him
on
my
way
home,
yesterday.
?
11.
face
to
face?
面对面地
she
stood
face
to
face
with
him.
用法拓展：
hand
in
hand?
手拉手?
side
by
side
肩并肩
=
shoulder
to
shoulder肩并肩
heart
to
heart
心连心地??????
back
to
back
背靠背地???
arm
in
arm?
手拉手地
?
15.
in
order
to
/
so
as
to
in
order
to?
和so
as
to
后接动词原形，用作目的状语时，二者用法一致，但in
order
to
do语气强烈，可放在句首、句中；而
so
as
to
do
语气较弱，只能放在句中，不能放在句首；它们的否定形式把not
放在to
的前面。
注意：in
order
to
引导目的状语从句时，不定式的逻辑主语同句子主语保持一致。
________
get
a
better
score,
she
has
been
studying
hard
all
day.
A.
soas
to??
B.
in
order
to?
C.
so
that?
D.
in
order
that?
(B,
so
that
和in
order
that
引导从句)
?
★句型及重难点句详解
1．While
walking
the
dog,
you
were
careless
and
it
got
loose
and
was
hit
by
a
car.
(Warming
up,
P1)
=
While
you
were
walking
the
dog,
…
省略了walk
的逻辑主语you
和be
动词were,
以避免重复。
While
living
in
England,
he
picked
up
some
English.
=
While
he
was
living
in
England,
….
When
asked
about
the
secret
of
his
success,
he
said
that
he
owed
it
to
his
wife.
=
When
he
was
asked
about
the
….
用法拓展：当连词when,
while,
before,
after等引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和
be动词省去。
While
_________
through
the
park,
we
saw
a
fine
flower
show.
A.
walked?
B.
walking?
C.
walks??
D.
being
walking
When
_________
from
the
hill,?the
buses
look
small.
A.
seen???
B.
seeing??
C.
see??
D.
to
see
(B;
A,
see和buses?
构成逻辑上的动宾关系，而且是被动关系。)
?
2.
…I
haven’t
been
able
to
be
outdoors
for
so
long
that
I’ve
grown
so
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
nature.
(Reading
P2)
……
so…
that…如此……以至于…（状语从句）
用法拓展：
（1）so
+adj./adv.+
that
;?
so
+adj.
a(n)
+n.+
that
????(2)
such
+adj.
+n.(pl.或〖U〗+
that
;??
such
+a(n)
+adj.
+n.
+that
?????(3)
so
/such
…
as
如此……(定语从句)
He
is
such
an
honest
boy
that
we
all
like
him.=he
is
so
honest
a
boy
that
we
all
like
him.
=
He
is
so
honest
a
boy
as
we
all
like.
Mary
is
________
clever
_______
she
understands
everything.
A.
such
a
;
that??
B.
such
an
;
that??
C.
so
;
that?
D.
so
;
as
(C)
?
6．…it
was
the
first
time
in
a
year
and
a
half
that
I’d
seen
the
night
face
to
face
….(Reading
P2)这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚….
句式：it
/
this
/
that
+is(was)
+the
first
/the
second
/….time
that
…“某人第一次/二次/……次做某事。注意从句的谓语动词常用现在完成时或过去完成时。Is与has
/have
对应；was
与
had
done对应。
It
is
the
second
time
that
john
has
held
an
art
exhibition.
It
was
the
third
time
that
she
had
come
to
this
mountain
village
to
see
the
children.
----
Do
you
know
our
town
at
all?
----
No,
this
is
the
first
time
I
________
here.
A.
had
come??
B.
am
coming??
C.
came???
D.
have
come
(D)
Period
2
Learning
about
language
词汇
1．suffer??
vt./
vi.
遭受；忍受；
经历
the
factory
suffered
a
great
loss
in
the
fire.
用法拓展：suffer
from
遭受
（1）??suffer
from
floods遭受水灾
（2）??she
often
suffers
from
headaches.她经常头痛。
Be
careful
or
our
work
will
________.
A.
fail?
B.
suffer??
C.
fall??
D.
lose
(B.
suffer
在这里做vi.意为“受损失”)
He
________
terribly
all
through
his
illness.
A.
suffer???
B.
is
suffered??
C.
suffered???
D.
suffering
(C,
根据意思“他得病期间遭受了很多痛苦”。时态应用一般过去时，另外当suffer
作“受痛苦，患病”讲时，是不及物动词，不能用被动语态。)
?
句型及重难点句详解
★1．She
found
it
difficult
to
settle
and
calm
down
in
the
hiding
place.
(Learning
about
language
P4)
句中it
做形式宾语，代替后面的不定式to
settle
and
calm
down
in
the
hiding
place.
用法拓展：当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语的后面，而it
作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
I
found
it
very
interesting
to
study
English.
I
think
it
no
use
arguing
with
him.
He
made
it
clear
that
he
was
not
interested
in
this
subject.
注意：it?
用在一些不能带宾语从句的动词后作形式宾语。
I
hate
it
that
he
often
takes
my
bike
without
asking
me.
I
don’t
think
________
possible
to
master
a
foreign
language
without
much
memory
work.
A.
this??
B.
that??
C.
its??
D.
it
(D)
I
like
_____
when
the
weather
is
warm
and
sunshine.
A.
it?
B.
that??
C.
this??
D.
one
(A,?
有一些动词如：hate
/
like
/
enjoy
/
dislike
/
appreciate?
等词的后面，
不能直接跟宾语从句，而要加上形式宾语it.)
?
★2.
Mum
asked
her
if
(whether)
she
was
very
hot
with
so
many
clothes
on.
(Learning
about
language
P5)
“with
+
宾语
+宾语补足语（OC）”的结构称为with
的复合结构。
这种结构在句中可作定语和状语，表示方式、原因、
条件等。
With
+O
+adj.
With
+O
+adv.
With
+O
+
介词短语
With
+
O
+不定式
With
+
O
+
分词（过去分词
done
或现在分词
doing
）
注意：如果宾补是动词，表示主动和进行的动作，用现在分词doing；
表示主动和将来的动作，用动词不定式to
do；
表示被动和完成了的动作，用过去分词done.。
Tom
always
sleeps
with
his
eyes
open.
（形容词作OC）
The
boy
ran
out
with
nothing
on.
（副词作OC）
Do
you
know
the
woman
with
a
child
in
her
arms?
（介词短语作OC）
▲With
so
much
work
to
do,
I
can’t
go
with
you.（不定式作OC）
▲the
room
with
a
candle
burning
is
mine.
（现在分词作
OC）
▲they
came
to
a
shop
with
its
door
closed.
（过去分词作OC）
We’ll
certainly
win
great
victory,
with
the
Party
_________
us.
A.
lead??
B.
to
lead??
C.
to
have
led???
D.
led
(B.
考查
with的复合结构。“有党领导着我们”，
表主动和将来，用不定式作宾补。
He
wore
a
shirt
with
the
neck
________,
________
his
bare
chest.
A.
opened;
showing???
B.
opening;?showed????
C.
open;?
showing???
D.
open;
showed
(C,
空一open
为形容词作宾补；空二show后面带着宾语，因此用现在分词作伴随状语)
?
?
Period
3
Using
language
词汇
1．advice??
n.?
忠告；建议
?can
you
give
us
some
advice
on
how
to
learn
English?
用法拓展：
（1）a
piece
of
advice
一条建议
；
some
advice
一些建议
提醒：advice
为不可数名词，其前可用some,
much,
a
piece
of,
pieces
of
等修饰，如表示“一条建议”或“几条建议”不能说成
an
advice
/
several
advices而应说成a
piece
of
advice;
several
pieces
of
advice.
（2）give
sb.
some
advice
on
(
how
to
do)
sth.给某人提关于……建议
（3）?ask
sb.
for
advice
征求某人的意见
（4）?take/
follow
one’s
advice
听从某人的建议
（5）?advise
doing
sth.//
advise
sb.
to
do
sth.
//
▲advise
(sb.)
that
（should
do）
建议做某事/建议某人做某事/建议（某人）
（6）?advise
sb.
against
doing?
建议某人不要做某事
Father
went
to
his
doctor
for
_______
about
his
heart
trouble.
A.
an
advice??
B.
advice??
C.
advices??
D.
some
advices
?
2.???communicate
vi.
交际；沟通；
传达
（感情、信息等）
I’m
not
very
good
at
communicating
with
people.
用法拓展：
communication?
n.
交际
communicate
with
sb.
与某人交际，交流??
communicate
sth.
to
sb.
将某事通知某人
?
3．habit
n.习惯；习性
It
is
a
good
habit
for
you
to
keep
a
diary.
用法拓展：
（1）be
in
/
fall
into
/
get
into
/
form
the
habit
of
doing
sth.有/养成……习惯
（2）get
out
of
/
get
rid
of
/
kick
/break
away
the
habit
of
doing
sth.戒掉……习惯
?
?
短语
1．Get
along
/on
well
with
sb./
sth.与……相处很好
Our
English
teacher
gets
along
well
our
students.
2.
fall
in
love
with
sb.
爱上某人（表动作）；
be
in
love
with
sb.与某人相爱（表状态）可与一段时间连用。
▲3.
pay
attention
to
(doing
)
sth.
注意某事
You
should
pay
attention
to
your
pronunciation.
用法拓展：
此短语to
为介词，后面跟名词v.-ing形式。
类似的还有：look
forward
to
(
盼望)；
lead
to
(导致，通向)
；?
stick
to
(坚持)；belong
to
(属于)；
object
to
(
反对)
；
get
down
to
（开始，着手）；devote
to
(献身于，
致力于)
?
词语辨析
1．join
/
join
(sb.)
in
/
take
part
in
/
attend
join参加某个组织，使其成为其中的一员。一般跟army,
the
league,
the
party,
club,
sb.作宾语；
join
(sb.)
in
sth.
参加活动；
take
part
in
参加某个活动，并在其中起积极的作用，一般等于join
in;
attend
参加某个活动，但不在其中起作用，担任角色，后面跟meeting,
wedding,
lecture,
class
school等作宾语。
填空
（1）?We
are
glad
to
_______
all
the
activities.
（2）?Mike
_____
Lily’s
wedding.
（3）?Will
you
please
________
us
________
the
discussion?
（4）?He
________
the
army
three
years
ago.
(join
in
/take
part
in;??
attended
参加会议，婚礼等；join
in
,join
sb.
in
和某人一起于……;
joined
参军、入团、入党、加入俱乐部或某个人)
句型及重难点句详解
1.
I
am
having
some
trouble
with
my
classmates
at
the
moment.(using
language.
P6)
词组：have
some
/
a
lot
of
trouble
with
sb./
sth.意思为“同某人闹意见/矛盾；做
…….有困难。”
trouble
在这里是不可数名词。
Do
you
have
any
trouble
with
your
English
study?
用法拓展：
（1）be
in
trouble处于困境中
（2）get
(sb.)
into
trouble
陷入困境
（3）have
trouble
in
sth.
/
in
doing
sth.在……./
在做某事方面有困难