【二轮三轮复习必备】《名师一号》2011届高三英语二轮 三轮总复习重点突破专题三　阅读理解.优秀试题热身

优秀试题热身
推理判断题
一、记叙文
A
(2010·河南调研)
A flock of hungry pigeons were flying across the sky in search of food. Having traveled a long distance, they felt tired and settled down on a tree. Just below the tree, they saw grains strewn (撒满) all over the ground. The pigeons were happy to have found enough food to eat. All the pigeons came down from the tree and started eating the grains. As they were doing so, a huge net fell on them and trapped them all.
The pigeons were taken aback. They noticed a hunter sitting at a distance from the tree, a bow and arrow in hand. The pigeons realized it was the hunter who had trapped them in the net. The hunter got up and began to move towards the pigeons.
The leader of the pigeons spoke, “Friends, we are in great trouble. The hunter will catch us if we do not act swiftly in a few seconds. There is only one option available at this moment. Let all of us use our force together and fly up along with the net. If all of us use our force and fly together, we can fly carrying the net along with us. Let us start now.”
All the pigeons agreed with him and flew high carrying the net along with them. After traveling enough distance away from the hunter, the pigeons settled on a tree and carefully came out of the net one by one and thus escaped the evil design of the hunter.
1. Who strewed the grains over the ground
A. A villager. B. The hunter.
C. The pigeon owner. D. The writer.
2. The word “________” has the closest meaning to the underlined word “option”．
A. reason B. choice
C. action D. opinion
3. How did the pigeons react when they got trapped
A. They didn't know what to do.
B. They tried to fly in all directions.
C. They remained rather calm.
D. They decided to fight for their lives.
4. This story wants to tell us that ________.
A. two heads are better than one
B. confidence will save everyone
C. teamwork can work wonders
D. actions speak louder than words
答案与解析：
一群饥肠辘辘的鸽子在觅食时中了猎人的圈套，领头的鸽子临危不惧，镇定自若，带领其他鸽子最终从网中成功逃出。
1．B　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的内容可知在地面上抛洒谷物的是那个“猎人”。
2．B　猜测词义题。上一段的最后提到猎人朝鸽子走过来，再结合领头鸽所说的话可推测它们此刻只有一种“选择”。
3．C　推理判断题。结合第三段领头鸽所说的话以及下一段第一句中的内容可推测它们落入圈套后相当镇静。根据常识可知如果鸽子朝四面八方飞，他们就不可能将网带起来，所以B项不正确。
4．C　主旨大意题。群鸽在生命危急之时在领头鸽的带领下共同努力，最终摆脱了猎人的邪恶圈套，由此可知本文的主旨是“团队协作可以创造奇迹”。A项表示“两个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮”；B项表示“自信可挽救每一个人”；D项表示“事实胜于雄辩”，都不能很好地概括文章大意。
B
(2010·石家庄质检)
Once upon a time, two brothers who lived on neighboring farms fell into conflict (冲突). It was the first serious one between them in 40 years of farming peacefully side by side. In the end, they fell apart.
One morning, a man with a carpenter's toolbox came for some work. The elder brother said, “I just have a job for you. Look at the farm across the creek (河沟). My younger brother lives there. It was he who used his bulldozer (推土机) to dig the creek last week to spite (刁难) me. So I want you to build me a fence, an 8 foot high fence, in order not to see his place any more.” The carpenter smiled and said, “I see. I'll try to do a job that satisfies you.” Then the elder brother went downtown.
At sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his job. The farmer's eyes opened wide! To his surprise, there was no fence there at all! Instead, there was a bridge stretching from one side of the creek to the other! A fine piece of work! He saw his younger brother coming to him with the hands outstretching. The brothers stood at each end of the bridge, and then they met in the middle, taking each other's hands. They turned to see the carpenter lift his toolbox on his shoulder. “No, wait! Stay a few days. I've a lot of other work for you，” said the elder brother. “I'd love to stay on，” the carpenter said, “but I have so many more bridges to build.”
1. What was the life like for the two brothers before the conflict
A. They lived a poor life.
B. They lived in peace.
C. They never spoke to each other.
D. They lived on the same farm.
2. It can be learned that the carpenter was ________.
A. unwilling to obey the farmer
B. fond of building bridges
C. unable to build a fence
D. willing to help others
3. The best title for this passage is ________.
A. A Fine Piece of Work
B. A Carpenter
C. A Conflict Between Two Brothers
D. Two Brothers
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The elder brother used his bulldozer to dig a creek.
B. The elder brother helped the carpenter build the bridge.
C. The brothers were both satisfied with the carpenter's work.
D. The carpenter planned to build an 8 foot high fence as asked to.
答案与解析：
这是一篇寓意很深的记叙文：一个聪明又乐于助人的木匠使产生冲突的兄弟俩和好如初，化干戈为玉帛。
1．B　细节理解题。从文章第一段“It was the first serious one between them in 40 years of farming peacefully side by side.”可以看出，发生冲突之前他们是和平相处的。
2．D　推理判断题。从文章对木匠的描述和他干活的情况看，他是一个聪明、乐于助人、技术熟练的木匠。
3．A　主旨概括题。文章主要讲述了一位木匠在两个农场之间架了一座桥，这座桥化解了兄弟之间的冲突的故事。因此，无论从具体的桥还是从寓意上的桥来讲它都是一件“杰作”。故A项作为标题最合适。
4．C　细节理解题。由最后一段中兄弟俩的表现尤其是“A fine piece of work！”可知兄弟俩对木匠做的活很满意，故选C项。其他选项与原文内容不符。
C
(2010·重庆调研)
Early one morning the sub inspector at a station at the other end of the town rang me. An elephant was damaging the town. Would I please come and do something about it
I did not know what I could do, but I got onto a horse and started out. I took my gun, maybe too small to kill an elephant, but I thought the noise might scare him. Various local people stopped me on the way and told me about the elephant's doings.
It was not, of course, a wild elephant, but a tame one. It had been chained up but last night it had broken its chain and escaped. Its owner, had set out to run after it, but had taken the wrong direction. He was now twelve hours' journey away, and in the morning the elephant had suddenly appeared in the town. It had already destroyed somebody's bamboo hut (棚屋), killed a cow and turned over fruit stalls.
I came round the hut and saw a man's dead body sprawling in the mud. He was an Indian, and he could not have been dead many minutes. The people said that the elephant caught him with its trunk, put its foot on his back and grounded him into the earth. This was the rainy season and he was lying on his stomach in the soft mud, the__peacebreaker standing beside, looking innocent.
As I lifted my gun, I hesitated a few seconds. Then I fired. That was a shot that did for him.
You could see the pain of it knock the last strength from his legs. But in falling he seemed for a moment to rise, his trunk reaching skyward like a tree. He trumpeted, for the first and only time. And then down he came, with a crash that shook the ground.
1. Which of the following statements about the author is TRUE
A. He was an Indian.
B. He knew elephants well.
C. He was not a local villager.
D. He was the owner of the elephant.
2. The elephant made so much trouble because ________.
A. its owner treated him cruelly
B. it got out of control
C. it hated the village people
D. it was a wild elephant
3. The underlined words “the peacebreaker” in Paragraph 4 refer to ________.
A. the elephant B. the dead man
C. the author D. the sub inspector
4. It can be inferred that the author felt ________ when he shot the elephant.
A. excited B. sad
C. frightened D. happy
答案与解析：
1．C　正误判断题。A项错是因为被大象踩死的那个人是印度人；B项错是因为作者根本不了解大象；D项错在作者根本不是大象的主人。从第一段和第二段知，作者是奉命带上枪去制止那头捣乱的大象的，应该是警察，故C项正确，即他不是村民。
2．B　推理判断题。从第三段知那头驯养的大象跑了出来，造成了不少麻烦。文章中没有提到A、C项，故只是那头大象失去了控制。
3．A　指代题。从画线词the peacebreaker前后可知，它就是那头捣乱的大象。
4．B　推理判断题。从最后一段描述的作者开枪前的犹豫及对大象死前挣扎的描述可知作者是很悲伤的。
二、夹叙夹议文
A
(2010·河南部分重点联考)
Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what are the values which Americans live by. They have never given the matter any thought.
Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States. This has caused me to try to look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors. I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most (but not all )Americans, and that understanding these values can help you, the international visitor, understand Americans.
It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans, they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions—actions which might otherwise appear “strange”， “confusing”， or “unbelievable” when evaluated from the perspective (aspect) of the foreigner's own society and its values.
The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter (meet) an action, or hear a statement in the United States which surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed in this booklet.
1. An ordinary American can't tell you his/her value system because ________.
A. this is something an American lives by
B. everyone will have his/her own value system
C. he/she has never thought about it
D. values are something often in their thought
2. The author lists 13 values in his booklet to ________.
A. invite foreigners to visit America
B. look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors
C. describe the confusing actions of most Americans
D. help international visitors understand Americans
3. The underlined word “ingrained” in Line 2, Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”．
A. rooted in the minds
B. found in the grains
C. planted for food
D. prepared with grain
4. Visitors sometimes find Americans behave in a strange, confusing or unbelievable way, probably because ______.
A. Americans are hard to understand
B. Americans have values which are entirely different from their own
C. they view Americans according to the values in their own society
D. it is difficult to understand any people when you first encounter them
答案与解析：
本文是一本书的序言。作者观察到，很多外国游客对美国人的行为举止觉得很奇怪，而这是因为他们不了解美国人的价值观。于是作者写了一本小册子介绍这些价值观。了解了这些东西，人们就不会觉得美国人的行为“怪异、不可思议”了。
1．C　细节理解题。第一段说，美国人很难告诉你他们奉行的价值观是什么，因为他们从来没有想过这个问题。
2．D　推理判断题。由第二、三段的内容可知作者列出美国人的13条价值观是为了帮助外国游客理解美国人的行为举止。
3．A　词义猜测题。结合上下文内容可知这13条是美国人从来不加考虑而奉行的价值观，因此这些是深深地扎根于美国人的大脑中的东西，画线词的含义应该是A项。
4．C　推理判断题。第三段说假如外国游客从自己的文化价值观的角度去看美国人的行为，他们就会觉得美国人的行为表现“怪异，让人看不懂，难以相信”，由此可知选C项。
B
(2010·唐山联考)
We thought we had it all—a beautiful house, three healthy children and one more on the way, two cars, a couple of four wheelers for entertainment—and we loved it. Then, the market turned and my husband's job at a construction company was gone. The company was closing down for good.
We both started looking for jobs right away, but there weren't any to be found. With each passing day we were getting increasingly worried and we continued to work together in order to pull our family through. The__more__we__pulled__together,__the__closer__we__got. I felt feelings of admiration for my husband that I hadn't felt in years.
That's why it was so hard for me to watch him blame himself for our present situation. I continually asked him to stop, but he seemed to want to punish himself for not having a job.
Finally, one afternoon I pulled him aside and said, “We have four healthy children and each other. That's what's important. That makes you a rich man.”
“But what if we lose the house They'll hate me—you'll hate me，” he replied.
I smiled at him and put my hands on both sides of his face to make him look me in the eye. “No matter where we live I will be happy—as long as I have you.” I smiled again. In all the struggling together I had found that deep love for him that I had on the day we said “I do”．
I could see his shoulders and neck relaxed. He held me close and we were able to talk and plan and dream together in a way that we hadn't for quite some time. It was a turning point for us as a couple and a family.
We are still struggling for our better life, but I consider us well off because we have something that money can't buy and no one can take away from us.
1. The underlined sentence in the second paragraph means that ________.
A. they became closer as they struggled together
B. they hoped to find jobs in the same company
C. neither of them had the courage to face the difficulty
D. they were trying to make their relationship closer
2. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. they both found good jobs at last
B. both of them were worried about joblessness
C. her husband was to blame for the unemployment
D. they didn't love each other when they got married
3. Which of the following can best describe their present life
A. Bitter but easy.
B. Comfortable and happy.
C. Hard but warm.
D. Well off and relaxing.
4. The best title of the passage might be ________.
A. We Have It All B. We Find It Again
C. A Perfect Couple D. A Hard Time
答案与解析：
经济危机发生以后，丈夫的失业使作者的家庭生活发生了变化。丈夫常常因找不到工作而自责，这时作者就安慰他。面临困境，他们能够互相体谅、安慰，虽然他们没有找到工作，但是他们感觉在精神上更富有了。
1．A　猜测句意题。结合语境可知，在丈夫找工作遭遇挫折的时候，妻子与他齐心协力、渡过难关。可见The more we pulled together, the closer we got的含义是：我们越是团结在一起，我们的心就越靠近对方。
2．B　推理判断题。根据第二段的前两句可知：他们对失业都很担心。故选B项。其他三项与文中内容不符。
3．C　推理判断题。结合文章的内容可知，丈夫失业以后，作者家的生活比以前艰难，但是他们感受到了一种强烈的爱，所以在心灵深处更加温暖，用hard but warm描述作者一家现在的生活最合适。
4．B　主旨大意题。本文一开始谈到丈夫失业以后，“作者的家庭生活发生了变化。虽然多次找工作未果，但是他们更团结了，也更看重对方了。从感情方面来说他们又找回了(We Find It Again)久违的那种情感。We Find It Again为双关语，既与文中谈到的工作的话题重合，又暗示他们又找到了(幸福感)，最适合作本文标题。
C
(2010·海淀期末)
My Best Enemy
Once again, I was in a new school. So was a girl in my class named Lisa. That's where the similarity ended.
I was tall and she was small. My thick black hair had been recently cut short into an untidy style. Her natural blonde hair flowed to her waist and looked great. I was 12 and one of the oldest in the class while she was 11 and the youngest. I was awkward and shy. She wasn't. I couldn't stand her, considering her my enemy. But she liked me and wanted to be friends with me.
One day, she invited me over and I said yes—I was too shocked to answer any other way. My family had moved six times in six years, and I had never managed to develop any friendships. But this girl who wore the latest fashions wanted me to go home with her after school.
She lived in a fun part of town that had two pizza places, an all night bookstore, a movie theater and a park. As we walked from the school bus stop through her neighborhood, I tried to guess which house might be hers. Was it the white one with the perfect lawn or the three story house with a front porch I got very surprised when she led me into an old apartment building. She lived on the fourth floor in a two room place with her mother, her stepfather, her two brothers and her sister.
When we got into the room she shared with her sister, she took out a big case of Barbies, which was my next surprise. I had never played with them. We sat on the floor, laughing as we made up crazy stories about the Barbies. We found out that we both wanted to be writers when we were older and both had wild imaginations. We had a great time that afternoon.
Lisa was loved by the whole neighborhood. The bookstore owners lent her fashion magazines; the movie theater gave her free tickets... Soon I was included in her magic world. We slept over at each other's house and spent every free moment together.
Lisa, my first real friend since childhood, helped me get through the rough years of early adolescence (青春期) and taught me an amazing and very surprising thing about making friends: your worst enemy can turn out to be your best friend.
1. The writer and Lisa were similar in the way that ________.
A. they were both new students
B. they had the same hairstyle
C. they were both tall
D. they were of the same age
2. One day Lisa invited the writer ________.
A. to go to the movie
B. to go to her home
C. to go to walk in a park
D. to go to a pizza place
3. In the passage the writer described Lisa as a girl who was ________.
A. awkward and shy B. rich and happy
C. quiet and lonely D. friendly and lovely
4. Which of the following did the writer learn from Lisa
A. How to make up stories.
B. How to deal with enemies.
C. How to make friends.
D. How to live a better life.
答案与解析：
1．A　细节理解题。从第一段中的“... I was in a new school. So was a girl...”可以知道，作者和Lisa之间的相似点在于她们都是新来的学生。其他选项可以通过第二段进行排除，所以答案选A项。
2．B　细节理解题。从第三段最后一句可以知道，Lisa邀请“我”去她家做客，所以答案选B项。
3．D　逻辑推理题。从倒数第二段我们不难发现Lisa很受人欢迎，对人友善，活泼可爱，她并不害羞，家庭虽然不很富有，但家庭氛围融洽。由此可知D项最符合作者眼中的Lisa的性格形象，所以选D项。
4．C　细节理解题。在最后一段，作者告诉我们，Lisa帮助“我”度过青春期早期的艰难时光，她教会了“我”如何交朋友。所以答案选C项。
三、应用文
A
(2010·河南五校联考)
Welcome to Language upon Thames. This brochure has been designed to give you an overview of our Language School and the courses we offer. If you have some additional questions please do not hesitate to contact us for more information.
At Language upon Thames, we feel it is important to be flexible, in order that students can decide what period of study suits them best.
Small Group General English Courses
These courses are aimed at students who wish to improve their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills and are offered at the following levels.
BEGINNERS
ELEMENTARY (初级)
PRE INTERMEDIATE
UPPER INTERMEDIATE
Studying one of the above courses will enable you to use English more confidently and competently on a daily basis.
Try our free online test to see which level you are at—CLICK HERE.
Exam Courses
These courses are aimed at students who wish to gain academic qualifications in English and are offered at the following levels.
University of Cambridge exams：
ADVANCED 1—FCE (First certificate)
ADVANCED 2—CAE (Advanced)
ADVANCED 3—CPE (Proficiency)
Studying one of the above courses will enable you to continue your education or enter university in this country. (Students wishing to gain admission to a British university are normally required to have the Cambridge Proficiency Certificate.)
Speaking, Listening & Pronunciation
This course builds on communicative confidence and competence and is aimed at students who wish to develop the important skills of speaking and listening.
Emphasis is also placed on pronunciation, with activities designed to meet the needs of students of different nationalities, who need to focus on different areas.
CLICK HERE to register for a General English course.
Other Languages
At Language upon Thames we offer a wide range of cafeterias, restaurants, shops and bars. Most importantly, we have foreign language classes of French, Japanese, German, Spanish and Italian during the day, evening or on a one to one basis.
1. What does this passage mainly talk about
A. English courses.
B. Ways to improve students' English.
C. The best way to improve your skills.
D. The importance of English.
2. If you attend Exam Courses, you will ________.
A. use English as fluently as a native speaker
B. deal with everyday English well
C. have better pronunciation of English
D. be able to continue your education or enter university in this country
3. Judging from the description, we can tell that this passage must be taken from ________.
A. a newspaper B. a magazine
C. the Internet D. a guidebook
4. The following statements are true EXCEPT ________.
A. only Englishmen can attend the courses
B. the courses are designed for learners of different levels
C. one can learn French even in the evening
D. language upon Thames is a school aimed to offer help with language learning
答案与解析：
这是一篇应用文，介绍了Language upon Thames开设的课程和招生对象。
1．A　主旨大意题。依据第一段“This brochure has been designed to give you an overview of our Language School and the courses we offer.”可知本文主要介绍该校开设的英语课程。
2．D　细节理解题。依据Exam Courses部分的“Studying one of the above courses will enable you to continue your education or enter university in this country.”可知答案为D项。
3．C　推理判断题。依据文章两次出现链接标志CLICK HERE推断本文选自网络。
4．A　细节理解题。依据Exam Courses部分中括号内的Students wishing to gain admission to a British university are normally required to have the Cambridge Proficiency Certificate和Speaking, Listening & Pronunciation中的meet the needs of students of different nationalities推断，这所语言学校的招生对象不仅仅是英国人，故A项错误。
B
(2010·江西五校联考)
Live__the__“American__Dream”
What is it: Work & Travel USA
Who are qualified: Full time college students, above 18 years old
About the program: Application for the 2009 Work & Travel USA program has just started. It's an 8～16 weeks' summer program for college students to work and travel in the U．S. Employers include Boeing, Hilton Hotel and 7 Eleven. For next summer, about 3,500 positions are open to Chinese students. Applicants must pass a language test and sometimes an interview, and pay a registration fee to join the program.
(source : www. Cultureexchange. org)
Hundreds__needed__by__Volkswagen
What is it: Shanghai Volkswagen jobs
Who are qualified: College students graduating in 2009
About it: Shanghai VW offers over 300 positions from engineering to marketing to college students graduating in 2009. Applicants should have an excellent academic record, CET 6 or the same level language certificate in German, and good computer skills. Campus talks will take place in Shanghai, Changchun, Harbin, Wuhan, Changsha, Nanjing, Beijing and Xi'an from October.
(source: campus /2009/pages/csvw)
Xiaonei__looking__for__graduates
What is it: Oak Pacific Interactive (OPI) internships (实习)
Who are qualified: College juniors and first year postgraduate students
About it: OPI is now offering internship positions for test engineer, development engineer and assistant to the director of corporate culture. For engineering positions, candidates should major in computer science or a related field, have communication ability and be familiar with various development languages. For assistant to the director positions, candidates should be adept in document writing, activities organizing and office software.
(source: campus. )
1. These advertisements are most probably advertisements ________.
A. on the Internet intended for the general public to read
B. in a newspaper intended for large companies to read
C. on the Internet intended for college students to read
D. in a newspaper intended for college students to read
2. The opportunity of ________ is offered only to college students graduating in 2009.
A. working in America
B. traveling in America
C. positions in VW
D. OPI internship
3. If you want to apply for assistant to the director positions you must ________.
A. be good at document writing
B. study computer science
C. have communication ability
D. be familiar with various languages
答案与解析：
本文是网上的三则招聘广告。
1．C　细节理解题。三则广告在Who are qualified栏里谈到的招聘对象都是大学生，且三则广告的source栏中都是网址，可知消息来自因特网，故选C项。
2．C　细节理解题。由第二则广告中的“Who are qualified: College students graduating in 2009”可知答案为C项。
3．A　细节理解题。从第三则广告中的“For assistant to the director positions, candidates should be adept in document writing, activities organizing and office software.”可知A项符合题意。
C
(2010·河南示范性高中联考)
Luggage
We ask you to keep what you bring with you down to one medium sized suitcase per person on board the bus.
Seat Arrangements (安排)
Special needs for particular seats can be made on most bus breaks when booking, but since arrangements are made on a first come first served basis, early booking is advisable. When bookings are made with us, you will be offered the best seats we have on the bus at that time.
Travel Documents
When you have paid your deposit (订金), we will send you all the necessary documents, so that you receive them in good time before the bus break departure (出发) date. Certain documents, for example air or boat tickets, may have to be kept and your driver or guide will then give them to you at the proper time.
Special Diets
If you need a special diet, you must tell us at the time of booking and provide us with a copy of the diet. This will be passed on to the hotel or hotels on your bus break. However, on certain bus breaks, the hotels used are tourist class and they may not be able to prepare special diets. Any extra costs must be paid to the hotel yourself before leaving the hotel.
Programs
Some of our hotels arrange extra programs which include music, dancing and film shows, etc. They are all offered by the hotel, but not guaranteed (保证)．
1. If you want to sit in the front of the bus, you'd better
________.
A. say it when you get on the bus
B. arrive early on the departure date
C. book your seat ahead of time
D. avoid traveling at busy times
2. Your air tickets ________.
A. will be sent to you at your departure point
B. will be kept by yourself
C. will be given to you with other documents
D. may be held by your bus driver until you need them
3. If you need a special diet, you should ________.
A. tell the hotel when you arrive
B. pay extra money
C. tell the bus company when booking
D. book a tourist class hotel
4. Extra programs are ________.
A. offered by the bus company
B. offered by the hotel, but may not run
C. offered by the hotel at any time
D. an extra offer, so extra money must be paid
答案与解析：
本文介绍了外出旅行时在行李、 座位安排、旅行证件、特殊饮食以及其他服务方面的注意事项。
1．C　细节理解题。文中第二节指出特别的座位需要预订。
2．D　细节理解题。文中第三节讲到有关旅行证件的信息，信息表明一般证件在出发前就给游客，但机票或船票等由汽车司机或向导保存，在需要时才能拿到。
3．C　细节理解题。文中有关饮食的信息表明，如果需要特别的饮食，必须在预订时告知“我们”，以便为你提供特殊食物。
4．B　细节理解题。文中最后一节信息指出一些酒店安排额外的服务项目，如：音乐、舞蹈和电影等，这些由酒店提供，但不能确保。
四、说明文
A
(2010·江西八校联考)
High tech machines have made life easier for millions around the world. However, some people still prefer low tech ways of doing things. Here's an example of why this is happening. You can microwave a frozen hamburger in 60 seconds. However, it won't taste as good as the one you cook on the stove. And if you're in that much of a hurry, you probably won't take time to toast the bun. High tech cooking saves time, but it doesn't make better tasting meals.
Most people get their news from high tech sources like television or the Internet. This has many advantages. For example, electronic news is more up to date than newspapers or magazines. It's also more exciting to see live and videotaped news events than photographs. However, newspapers and magazines have some important advantages. They give more background and details. They also let you read the parts that are important to you and skip the rest.
Other high tech timesavers have similar disadvantages. For examples, most people use the phone or e mail to stay in touch with friends and family members who live in other places. But when you use the Internet or the phone, you don't always think carefully about what you are saying, and sometimes you forget the important things you want to communicate. Similarly, when you word process a homework assignment instead of handwriting it, you can check your spelling electronically and put in fancy headings. However, some students are so busy with the computer that they don't pay enough attention to the actual words they are writing.
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. The writer likes high tech cooking.
B. Low tech cooking produces better tasting meals.
C. High tech news programs always keep you reading what is important to you.
D. Handwritten homework is better than word processed homework.
2. How does the writer feel about high tech tool
A. Better late than never.
B. Easy come, easy go.
C. Every coin has two sides.
D. Learn to walk before you run.
3. What is the main subject discussed in the text
A. High tech vs low tech.
B. Advantages vs disadvantages.
C. Newspapers and magazines vs television and the Internet.
D. Word processing vs handwriting.
4. How is the text organized
A. Main idea—Argument—Explanation.
B. Opinion—Discussion—Description.
C. Topic—Comparison—Supporting examples.
D. Introduction—Supporting examples—Discussion.
答案与解析：
高科技的机器设备使世界上很多人受益，使生活更轻松。但是高科技和低科技各有长处和不足。
1．B　细节理解题。文章说明高科技和低科技各有长处和不足，作者并没有表明自己的态度，A项错误；由第一段最后一句话可知B项正确；根据第二段作者举的例子可知C项错误；根据第三段最后两句话可知D项错误。
2．C　观点判断题。作者从优势和不足两个方面谈论了high tech tool，因此选C项。任何事物都有两面性。
3．A　主旨大意题。整篇文章自始至终作者都在对high tech和low tech进行比较，故选A项。
4．C　结构分析题。文章首先提出问题，然后进行比较分析，接下来举例说明。
B
(2010·郑州质检)
In their book Time to Eat the Dog: The Real Guide to Sustainable Living, Robert and Brenda Vale say keeping a medium sized dog has the same ecological impact as driving 10,000 km a year in a 4.6 liter Land Cruiser.
“We're not actually saying it is time to eat the dog. We're just saying that we need to think about and know the ecological impact of some of the things we do and that we take for granted.”
Constructing and driving the jeep for a year requires 0.41 hectares of land, while growing and manufacturing a dog's food takes about 0.84 hectares—or 1.1 hectares in the case of a large dog such as a German shepherd.
Convincing flesh eating cats and dogs to go vegetarian for the sake of the planet is a non starter, the Vales say. Instead they recommend keeping “greener”， smaller, and more sustainable pets, such as goldfish, chickens or rabbits.
The book's playful title, and serious suggestion that pet animals may be usefully “recycled”， by being eaten by their owners or turned into pet food when they die, may not appeal to animal fans.
Annoying as the idea may be, the question is valid given the planet's growing population and limited resources, Robert Vale said.
“Issues about sustainability are increasingly becoming things that are going to require us to make choices which are as difficult as eating your dog. It's not just about changing your light bulbs or taking a cloth bag to the supermarket，” he said.
“It's about much more challenging and difficult issues，” he added. “Once you see where cats and dogs fit in your overall balance of things, you might decide to have the cat but not also to have the two cars and the three bathrooms and be a meat eater yourself.”
1. The authors gave their book the playful title to ________.
A. make it amusing
B. create a vivid image
C. show writing skills
D. arouse people's concern
2. In Paragraph 3 the writer mainly wants to tell us ________.
A. the amount of consumed land
B. the neglected ecological impact
C. some familiar examples
D. some actual figures
3. Who may not like the idea of “recycling” pet animals
A. Manufacturers. B. Drivers.
C. Animal fans. D. The authorities.
4. What do the authors think of living a sustainable life
A. Challenging. B. Inspiring.
C. Inviting. D. Touching.
答案与解析：
Robert Vale和Brenda Vale写了一本名为Time to Eat the Dog: The Real Guide to Sustainable Living(《该吃狗了：永续生活》)的书，书中提到了一种绝对新鲜的观点——吃掉宠物，或者“回收”宠物。
1．D　推理判断题。Robert Vale和Brenda Vale写的书名非常有趣，从全文可知，他们这样写的目的在于吸引读者的眼球，引起人们环保的意识，所以答案选D项。
2．B　推理判断题。通过第三段建造和驾驶吉普车一年需要的土地的量和种植、生产一条狗的食物所需要土地的量的对比，我们不难发现第三段承接第二段第二句而写的，主要告诉我们“被忽视的生态影响”，所以答案选B项。
3．C　细节理解题。从第五段的may not appeal to animal fans可知，“回收”宠物的观点不受那些宠物爱好者的欢迎，所以答案选C项。
4．A　推理判断题。从最后一段中的It's about much more challenging and difficult issues可以知道，书的两位作者认为过环保的生活是非常有挑战性的，而且也是很困难的事情，所以答案选A项。
C
(2010·成都检测)
Everyone knows the smart black and white dog that sits on top of a red doghouse with his best friend—a bird called Woodstock.
Created by the American cartoonist Charles Schulz in 1950, the clever dog is loved by generations of kids and adults. He speaks more than 20 languages and appears daily in 26,000 newspapers around the world.
When Snoopy first appeared, he was not different from other pet dogs. But two years later, he had begun to speak with simple words and sounds. By 1957 he could walk on two legs and was going to school with his master, Charlie Brown, who failed in just about everything. Later he learned to use the typewriter.
Snoopy has done lots of jobs. He has been a bow tie wearing lawyer, a tennis player, an Olympic figure skater, a world famous grocery checkout clerk, a pilot and even the first astronaut on the moon.
However, Snoopy has always dreamed of being a famous writer. The beginning of his story is always, “It was a dark and stormy night...” Unfortunately for him no one has ever wanted to publish the story.
In love, Snoopy is as much of a failure as Charlie Brown is at baseball. He easily falls in love but always has his heart broken. He eats to forget, but it never works.
Snoopy is an insightful (富有洞察力的), feel good and sometimes sad dog. If you think a little about his words, you might find them full of life lessons. Among his most famous lines are “To live is to dance, to dance is to live.” and “Yesterday I was a dog. Today I'm a dog. Tomorrow I'll probably still be a dog. Sigh! There's so little hope for advancement”．
1. Snoopy has done all the following jobs except ________.
A. a lawyer B. a player
C. a clerk D. a writer
2. From the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. Snoopy is always a sad dog
B. Snoopy can not speak in the beginning
C. Snoopy often dreams of true love
D. Snoopy is a real smart pet dog
3. It can be inferred that Snoopy ________.
A. has many bird friends and relatives
B. is a well known writer and clerk
C. has been unfortunate since it was born
D. is very popular in the whole world
4. The underlined word “advancement” probably means ________.
A. success B. progress
C. growth D. popularity
答案与解析：
史努比(Snoopy)是美国卡通作家Charles Schulz创作出来的经典动漫形象。它是一只性格外向的小狗，也是世界上最纯真、聪明的狗狗，它的漫画形象早已风靡世界。
1．D　细节理解题。文章第四段中谈到Snoopy曾做过律师、网球手、职员等；第五段中的“However, Snoopy has always dreamed of being a famous writer.”表明当作家一直是Snoopy的梦想，但未曾实现。
2．B　细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“When Snoopy first appeared, he was not different from other pet dogs. But two years later, he had begun to speak with simple words and sounds.”可知史努比(Snoopy)最初不会讲话。
3．D　推理判断题。由文章第二段内容可知，史努比(Snoopy)风靡世界，很受欢迎。
4．B　词义猜测题。文中最后一段中的内容“Yesterday I was a dog. Today I'm a dog. Tomorrow I'll probably still be a dog.”表明advancement意思为“进展，促进，改进”，与选项B(progress)意义相近。
五、议论文
A
(2010·河南五校联考)
The poor are very wonderful people. One evening we went out and we picked up four people from the street. And one of them was in a most terrible condition—and I told the sisters: You take care of the other three. I take care of this one who looked worse. So I did for her all that my love can do. I put her in bed, and there was such a beautiful smile on her face. She took hold of my hand as she said just the words “Thank you” and she died.
I could not help but examine my conscience before her and I asked what I would say if I was in her place. And my answer was very simple. I would have tried to draw a little attention to myself. I would have said I am hungry, I am dying, I am cold, I am in pain, or something, but she gave me much more—she gave me her grateful love. And she died with a smile on her face. So did that man whom we picked up from the drain, half eaten with worms, and we brought him to the home. “I have lived like an animal in the street, but I am going to die like an angel, loved and cared for，” he said at the end. And it was so wonderful to see the greatness of that man who could speak like that, who could die like that without blaming anybody, without cursing anybody, without comparing anything. Like an angel—this is the greatness of our people. And that is why we believe what Jesus has said: I was hungry, I was naked, I was homeless, I was unwanted, unloved, uncared for, and you did it to me.
And with this prize that I received as a Prize of Peace, I am going to try to make the home for many people who have no home. Because I believe that love begins at home and if we can create a home for the poor I think that more and more love will spread. And we will be able through this understanding love to bring peace, the good news to the poor, the poor in our own family first, in our country and in the world. When I pick up a person from the street, hungry and I give him a plate of rice or a piece of bread, I am satisfied. I have removed that hunger. But to a person who is shut out, who feels unwanted, unloved, terrified, who has been thrown out from society, that poverty is so full of hurt and so unbearable... And so let us always meet each other with a smile, for the smile is the beginning of love, and once we begin to love each other naturally we want to do something.
1. What can be learned from the second paragraph
A. The woman should have paid more attention to herself.
B. The man couldn't blame anyone.
C. The author is religious.
D. The man died in the street.
2. The purpose of this passage is ________.
A. to appeal for more donation for the poor
B. to call on the public to love each other
C. to tell the readers the poor are wonderful
D. to express how moved the author is to receive the prize
3. Which of the following can NOT be inferred from the passage
A. The author has few supporters.
B. The author was somewhat surprised at what the man said.
C. The author is delighted to help others in trouble.
D. The author may agree to solve social problems in soft ways.
4. What's the best title of this passage
A. Have Sympathy for the Poor
B. The Poor Are Wonderful
C. Smile and Love
D. Relieve Poverty
答案与解析：
这是特雷莎修女获得诺贝尔和平奖时的演讲稿。演说朴实无华，其所举事例听起来似乎平凡之生，然而其中蕴含的伟大而神圣的爱感人至深。
1．A　细节理解题。依据第二段第三、四句内容可知，被救助的女子应该关注自己才对，但是她向“我”表达了感激之情。
2．B　推理判断题。依据全文最后一句内容推断，只要我们每个人多一份爱心，多一点微笑，这个世界会更加美好。
3．A　推理判断题。从特雷莎修女获得诺贝尔和平奖的事实以及她的言辞中可以推断，她的行为得到了广泛认可，支持者甚多。故A项错误。
4．C　主旨大意题。本文从点滴故事开始讲起，叙述自己的经历和感受，最后照应本文主题：微笑和爱心会使这个世界更美好。
B
(2010·海淀期中)
Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on autopilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting creatures.” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative meaning.
So it seems contradictory to talk about habits in the same context as innovation (创新). But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.
Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try, the more creative we become.
But don't bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they're there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.
“The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder，” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide’， just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider’．” She adds, “however to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”
“All of us work through problems in ways of which we're unaware，” she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the ability to approach challenges in four primary ways : analytically, procedurally, collaboratively (合作地) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that ability, preserving only those ways of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us use our innovative and collaborative ways of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system that anyone can do anything，” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year I Will... and Ms Markova's business partner. “That's a lie that we have preserved, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you're good at and doing even more of it create excellence.” This is where developing new habits comes in.
1. Brain researchers have discovered that ________.
A. the forming of new habits can be guided
B. the development of habits can be predicted
C. the regulation of old habits can be transformed
D. the track of new habits can be created unconsciously
2. The underlined word “ruts” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. zones B. connections
C. situations D. tracks
3. Which of the following statements most probably agrees with Dawna Markova's view
A. Decision makes no sense in choices.
B. Curiosity makes creative minds active.
C. Creative ideas are born of a relaxing mind.
D. Formation of innovation comes from fantastic ideas.
4. The purpose of the author writing this article is to persuade us ________.
A. to give up our traditional habits deliberately
B. to create and develop new habits consciously
C. to resist the application of standardized testing
D. to believe that old habits conflict with new habits
答案与解析：
1．A　细节理解题。结合文章第二段和第三段可知，新习惯的养成可以通过大脑有意识的指导进行。注意选项中的guide和第三段中的direct是同义词。
2．D　词义猜测题。结合文章第四段的第一句话和第二段的最后一句可知，这里指的正是习惯的轨迹，由此可见该词和track同义。
3．B　细节理解题。文章第五段引用Dawna Markova的话中，第一句话The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder是其观点的概括，由此可以看出B项和其意思相近。
4．B　推理判断题。文章通过介绍新的研究发现告诉我们，新的习惯可以通过大脑有意识的指导养成，又告诉了我们如何有意识地养成新的习惯，由此看出，本文的写作目的是想说服我们有意识地养成一些新的好习惯。
C
(2010·银川一中模拟)
Timeout, extra chores and taking away privileges are more useful forms of disciplining (惩罚) naughty children than spanking or hitting, according to a study on Wednesday.
About 94 percent of parents use some form of physical punishment to teach their two year olds right from wrong, according to research studies. But psychologists say it could lead to later emotional and behavioral problems.
Even children who were only spanked some of the time are more likely to show signs of sadness or have less confidence.
“The key is to be fair and do the same thing each time. Doing something like hitting a child that seems cruel at best doesn't help and can put a child at risk for problems，” said Dr Paul Frick, of the University of New Orleans in Louisians.
“It is better to use other punishments，” he added.
The use of physical punishment to teach children has long been debated. In countries such as Austria, Finland, Germany and Sweden, it is illegal to use physical punishment at home or in schools.
Frick and his team, who studied the effects of physical punishment on 98 children, said they couldn't find any positive effects. Some children learned more from the hitting than what the parent was trying to teach them.
“The key is to have a lot of different forms of punishment depending on the age of the child，” said Frick, who reported his findings in the Journal of Applied Child Psychology.
He recommended timeout for younger children and taking away television and electronic toys for older children. Giving extra chores can also get the message across.
Other measures are at least as effective as physical punishment and have less harmful potential consequences.
The researchers kept children whom they thought were at risk of later conduct problems out of the test and an equal number of other children who acted as a control group, to study what measures would be most helpful.
They questioned the parents and the children about positive and negative parenting behavior including the use of physical punishment.
“We got it from both viewpoints，” said Frick.
He added that children on the receiving end of a hit can learn that when they are upset and angry they hit, rather than understanding their behavior was wrong and that they need to do better.
1. What's the purpose of the writer to write this article
A. To debate if physical punishment is illegal.
B. To introduce how to deal with young kids.
C. To talk about how to discipline young kids.
D. To order parents not to spank young kids.
2. Which of the following punishments is NOT recommended by Frick and his team
A. Taking away toys.
B. Not allowing watching TV.
C. Doing more housework.
D. Switching TV channels.
3. What should be kept in mind when disciplining a kid
A. How he or she usually behaves.
B. Tell them why they are punished.
C. Use different forms of punishment each time.
D. Be fair and stick to the same principle.
4. According to the passage, why did Dr Frick advise against physical punishment
A. Because the children may take hitting people as a solution to problems.
B. Because the children will learn their behavior is wrong in time.
C. Because it is illegal to use physical punishment in certain countries.
D. Because parents think it's the easiest way to teach kids right from wrong.
答案与解析：
对于如何对待犯错的孩子这个问题人们看法不一，然而一项调查表明，比体罚更有效的做法是timeout, extra chores与taking away privileges。
1．C　推理判断题。结合全文尤其是文章第一段给出的调查结果可知，本文的中心是如何惩罚犯错误的孩子，因此选项C正确。
2．D　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第六段中的“He recommended timeout for younger children and taking away television and electronic toys for older children. Giving extra chores can also get the message across.”可知，转换电视频道不是他们给出的惩罚孩子的建议。
3．D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段首句“The key is to be fair and do the same thing each time.”可知惩罚孩子时关键要做到公平和原则一致。选项C与本句矛盾。
4．A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“... learn that when they are upset and angry they hit...”可知，体罚会让孩子采用错误的处事方法，即会采用粗暴的方法。