初中状语从句——时间状语从句课件(共34张PPT)

(共34张PPT)
专题
状语从句
时间/条件状语从句是关键
其他状语从句重点记忆连接词
状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分。
说明时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件等。
可作状语的有：名词、副词、介词短语、不定式短语和从句等
必须符合“从句的三个必须”
必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句
用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。
状语从句
状语从句同副词，介词词组等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语，说明谓语动作的时间，地点，方式，手段，条件，程度，比较，原因，目的，结果等
I
get
up
at
6:00
It
is
dark
I
get
up
when
it
is
dark
状语从句分类
表示时间
表示地点
表示原因
表示结果
表示目的
表示条件
表示让步
表示比较
返回
时间状语从句
I
was
watching
TV
at
ten
o'clock
yesterday.
I
was
watching
TV
when
my
mother
got
home.
----------------------------
↓
时间状语
----------------------------
↓
时间状语从句
时间状语从句的引导词：
when（当……时候）,
while（当……时候）,
before（在……之前）,
after（在……之后）,
till/
until（直到）,
as
soon
as
（一……就……），
as（当……时,一边……,一边……）,
since（从……以来）,
by
the
time
（当……时候）等引导。
在忘记之前,我要把它写下来。
我一到上海就会写信给你。
我们一直到雨停了才离开。
We
didn’t
leave
until
the
rain
stopped.
As
soon
as
I
arrive
in
Shanghai,
I
will
write
to
you.
I’ll
write
it
down
before
I
forget
it.
在时间状语从句里，当主句是一般将来时，
从句用一般现在时。
I'll
ring
you
up
as
soon
as
I
get
to
New
York.
I
will
tell
him
everything
when
he
comes
back.
He
won’t
believe
it
until
he
sees
it
with
his
own
eyes.
考查when,
while,
as引导，
表示“当……时候”。
(1)
when
意为“当……时”，“在......之后”，引导的时间状语从句表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。如：
I
feel
very
happy
when
you
come
to
see
me.
你(们)来看我时，我感到很高兴。（先后）
When
you
are
crossing
the
street,
you
must
be
careful.
你(
们)过街道时，一定要小心。（同时）
1.when
的用法
(2)when
引导的时间状语从句中，可以用延续性动词，也可以用短暂性动词。如：
Someone
knocked
at
the
door
when
I
was
sleeping.
当我正在睡觉时，有人敲门。(延续性动词)
I
will
visit
my
good
friend
when
I
arrive.
当我到达时，我将去看望我的好友。(短暂性动词)
例：________you
smile
at
others，they
will
smile
back.
A
Before
B
When
C
Until
D
Though
B
注意：when
也可以作并列连词，表示一个动作正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件事。如：
I
was
fishing
by
the
river,
when
someone
called
for
help.
我正在河边钓鱼，就在那时有人求救。
We
were
working
in
the
chemistry
lab,
when
the
lights
went
out.
我们正在化学实验室工作，突然灯都熄灭了。
while
意为“当……时”“在……期间”，引导的时间状语从句表示主从句的动作在同一时期发生，常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。如：
They
rushed
in
while
we
were
discussing
problems.
当我们正在讨论问题时，他们冲了进来。
Father
was
cleaning
the
car
while
I
was
playing
computer
games.（while表示两个动作同时发生）
当我正在玩电脑游戏时，爸爸正在清洗汽车。
2.while
的用法
例：我吃饭时你可以去游泳。
You
can
go
swimming
while
I'm
having
lunch.
注意：while
也可以作并列连词，表转折的关系，
相当于but，译为“然而”。如：
I
like
listening
to
music,
while
my
brother
likes
doing
sports.
我喜欢听音乐，而我的兄弟爱好运动。
as
引导时间状语从句时，意为“正当，一边...一边，随着”等意思
(1)表示某事一发生，另一事情随即发生
As
the
sun
rose
the
fog
disappeared.
太阳一出来雾都消散了
(2)表示某事发生的过程中另一事发生.
As
he
was
speaking
there
was
a
loud
explosion.
正当他在说话的时候，出现了一声巨响.(从句用进行时态)
I
heard
the
murmur
of
their
voices
as
I
crossed
the
hall.
我走过大厅的时候听到他们在嘀咕什么.
(两个动作都是一般过去时态)
3.
as
的用法
(3)
表示两个动作同时发生.
He
smiled
as
he
passed.
他路过的时候笑了一下.
（两个动作都是短暂的）
Helen
heard
the
story
as
she
washed.
海伦一边洗衣服一边听故事.
（两个都是延续性动作）
He
saw
that
she
was
smiling
as
he
read
.
他看到她一边看书一边笑.（两个都是延续性动作）
We
get
wiser
as
we
get
older.
我们随着年龄的增长而变得聪明起来.（随着时间的变化而变化）
[答案]A．[解析]
答语中when引导了一个时间状语从句，主句用了一般将来时态，所以从句用一般现在时态，可见正确答案在A与B之中。既然答语用了时间状语来回答，可见问句询问的也一定是时间，从而确定正确答案为A。
【考例】—Mum,____
shall
we
have
lunch?
—We
will
have
it
when
your
dad______.
[连云港]
A
．
when；returns
B
．
where
returns
C．where；will
return
D．when；will
return
4.
before
的用法
before
引导的时间状语从句通常表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，反之则用after.
可意为“在……之前”，根据具体语境还可理解：
“还没来得及/还没有……就……”，
“趁着还没……就……”，
“不知不觉就……，……才……”等。
We
cleaned
the
classroom
before
we
left
school
yesterday.
昨天离开学校之前，我们打扫了教室。
He
had
been
a
cook
before
he
went
to
college.
他上大学前曾当过厨师。
例：You
must
make
sure
your
tea
is
not
too
_______
you
drink
it.
A
before
B
after
C
since
D
while
C
[答案]B。[解析]这四个词(组)都可以引导时间状语从句，as
soon
as一……就．before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到……才。分析句子可以看出句意为“在你走之前把你的电子邮件地址给我好吗?”
【考例】Could
you
please
give
me
your
e-mail
address
_________you
go?
[昆明]
A.
as
soon
as
B.
before
C.
after
D.
until
5.
until
和till
的用法：
(1)主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句用肯定形式表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till
所表示的时间为止.
till
和until
都表示“直到”，常可换用，但till不用于句首，也不可用于强调句.
I'll
stay
here
until
you
come
back.
我会待在这里，直到你回来。(stay
表示的动作可以持续）
(2)主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时，用否定形式表示主句的谓语所表示的动作直到until
所表示的时间才发生.
构成句式not...until...，有时不用not，而用其他如never、nothing等表示否定的词.
He
didn't
go
to
bed
until/before
he
finished
his
homework.
他直到做完作业才睡觉。(go
to
bed
表示的动作不能持续)
【考例1】一Hurry
up.
The
bus
is
coming．
—Oh,
no.
We
mustn’t
cross
the
street
____the
traffic
lights
are
green．[福州]
A．after
B.
since
C.
while
D．until
[答案]D。[解析]本题应从句意人手。until常用于否定句中，构成"not…until"结构，意为“直到……才……”，该句意为“直到交通灯变绿，我们才能穿过马路”。
【考例2】The
kids
didn’t
start
to
fly
kites
in
the
playground
______the
rain
stopped.
A.
if
B.
until
C.
whenever
[成都]
[答案]B
[解析]
not…until…直到……才。“直到雨停孩子们才可以去操场放风筝”。
【考例3】—Look!
Here
comes
our
school
bus.
—No
hurry.
Don’t
get
on
it
_______it
has
stopped.
[安徽]
A.
until
B.
after
C.
since
D.
when
[答案]A[解析]句中有don’t，可想not…until为固定结构，意为“直到……才……”。
【考例4】Julie
didn't
leave
her
office
________
the
police
arrived
.
A
however
B
whenever
C
while
D
until
D
6.
since的用法：
(1)since
引导的时间状语从句，表示“自......以来”，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
I
have
worked
for
this
company
since
I
graduated.
从毕业到现在，我一直在这家公司上班
例：We
have
been
good
friends
_______we
joined
the
same
football
team.
A
after
B
before
C
since
D
until
C
6.
since的用法：
(2)
“it
is
/has
been
+时间段+since
从句”句式表示“自从......以来有(多久)”。since从句不可以用否定形式。
It
is
/
has
been
2
years
since
we
last
met.
自从我们上次见面以来已经有两年了。
7.
as
soon
as
的用法：
as
soon
as
引导的从句表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生，常译为“一......就.......”。该句经常用一般现在时表示将来。
As
soon
as
he
arrives
，I
'll
tell
him.
他一到，我就告诉他.
例：—
Will
you
please
give
the
dictionary
to
Jane？
—
Sure.
I'll
give
it
to
her
__________
she
arrives
here.
A
before
B
until
C
because
D
as
soon
as
D
8.
whenever
的用法：
whenever
意思是“每当，任何时候”
Whenever
she
comes，she
brings
a
friend.
她每次来都带着个朋友.
He
likes
listening
to
music
whenever
he
has
time.
每当他有时间的时候，他喜欢听音乐。
注意：whenever
可以用every
time
替代.
练习
:
1.
I’ll
write
to
you
_______
I
get
there.
A.
while
B.
before
C.
as
soon
as
D.
by
2.
He
has
lived
in
the
city
_________
he
came
back
from
America.
A.
when
B.
before
C.
since
D.
after
3.
We
won’t
leave
here
_______
our
teacher
comes
back.
A.
until
B.
since
C.
after
D.
as
soon
as
4.
I
had
to
finish
the
picture
________
my
mother
came
back.
A.
until
B.
before
C.
after
D.
while
5.
John
fell
asleep
________
he
was
listening
to
the
music.
A.
after
B.
before
C.
while
D.
as
soon
as
中考题型
时间状语从句