小升初高频考点剖析：第二篇专项提升第二部分第七节连词 课件(共45张PPT)

(共45张PPT)
第二篇
专项提升
第二部分
词类梳理
第六节
连
词
知识梳理
连词是用来连接单词、短语、从句或句子的虚词，在句中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子;从属连词主要引导状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句。
一、连词的概述
连词
从属连词
表示并列关系的连词
并列连词
表示选择关系的连词
引导状语从句的从属连词
表示转折关系的连词
引导宾语从句的从属连词
引导定语从句的从属连词
表示因果关系的连词
并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子。并列连词按其作用可分为表示并列、转折、选择和因果四大类。
知识点2
并列连词
一、表示并列关系的连词
这类词主要有:and
和
;
both
...
and...
......
和......都
;
not
only....
but
aso...
不仅......
而......
;
nether...
nor...
......也不......
;
as
well
as
也、又。
知识点2
并列连词
（1）and（和，又，而）
eg：My
parents
and
I
like
playing
basketball.
我的父母和我都喜欢打篮球。（连接主语）
He
pulled
on
his
clothes
and
went
out.
他匆匆忙忙穿上衣服出去了。（连接谓语）
When
he
arrived
at
the
hotel,
he
had
a
quick
meal
and
a
shower.
当他一抵达宾馆时，他就吃了个快餐而且洗了个澡。(连接宾语)
I
sent
her
a
birthday
present,and
she
liked
it
very
much.
我给她寄了一份生日礼物，她非常喜欢。(连接句子)
（2）both...and...
(......和......都
)
eg：Both
my
father
and
my
mother
are
workers.
我的爸爸和妈妈都是工人。（连接主语）
I
both
sing
and
dance.
我既唱歌又跳舞。(连接谓语)
I
learned
both
English
and
Japa-nese.
我既学了英语又学了日语。(连接宾语)
both...and...连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数
（3）not
only...but
also...
(不但......而且......
)
eg：Not
only
you
but
also
he
wants
to
go
hiking.
不仅你，而且他也想去徒步旅行。（连接主语）
She
can
not
only
sing
but
also
dance.
她不但会唱歌而且会跳舞。(连接谓语)
He
has
not
only
two
brothers
but
also
two
sisters.
他不仅有两个哥哥，还有两个妹妹。(连接宾语)
not
only...but
also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致，即符合就近一致原则
（4）neither...nor...
(既不......也不......
)
eg：Neither
I
nor
he
has
been
to
Beijing
before.
我和他以前都没有去过北京。（连接主语）
I
can
neither
sing
nor
dance.
我既不会唱歌也不会跳舞。(连接谓语)
neither...nor...连接并列主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致，即符合就近一致原则
（5）as
well
as
(也、又)
eg：He
as
well
as
I
is
responsible
for
it.
不但是我，他对此事也有责任。（连接主语）
I
can
neither
sing
nor
dance.
我既不会唱歌也不会跳舞。(连接谓语)
as
well
as连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数要与第一个名词或代词保持一致
注意!
as
well
as侧重前者，而not
only
...
aso...侧重后者。
I
as
well
as
you
am
a
student.
不仅是你，
我也是一名学生。
Not
only
I
but
also
you
are
a
student.
不但是我，
你也是一名学生。
注意!
aswellas可以与not
only...
butalso...
互相交换使用，但注意其用法不同。
You
as
well
as
he
are
a
good
teacher.
Not
only
he
but
also
you
are
a
good
teacher.
不仅他，你也是个好老师。
二、表示关系的并列连词
此类词有:
or
或者;否则;
either...or...
要么......要么......
;
rather
than
而不是
;
whether
...or...
是......还是
eg:Which
do
you
prefer,
white
or
back
?
你更喜欢哪一个，
白色还是黑色?
Put
on
your
coat,
or
you'll
catch
a
cold.
穿上你的外套，否则你会感冒的。
Either
you
or
I
am
right.
要么你是对的，要么我是对的。
知识点2
either...or...连接并列主语时，谓语动词符合就近一致原则。
注意!
祈使句+or
+陈述句
前后是对立的
祈使句+
and
+陈述句
前后是顺承的
eg：
study
hard,
努力学习
两者都可以转换成计引导的条件状语从句，但要去掉or和and。
eg:If
you
don't
study
hard,
you
won't
pass
the
exam.
If
you
study
hard,
you
wil
pass
the
exam.
or
you
won't
pass
the
exam.
否则你通不过考试
and
you
will
pass
the
exam.
你就会通过考试
三、表示转折关系的并列连词
此类词有:
but
但是，while
然而，however
然而。
eg：
I
want
to
help
you,
but
I
really
don't
know
what
to
do
.
我想帮你，但是我真的不知道该做些什么。
Tina
didn't
pass
the
final
exam.
However,
she
didn't
lose
heart
蒂娜没有通过期未考试，然而，她没灰心。
Jane
is
hard-woking
while
her
sister
is
quite
lazy.
简工作很努力，然而她的妹妹却相当懒。
知识点2
while
常连接内容或结构对称的句子，用于对比两件事物
注意!
but与however意思相近，但but常用于口语，however
是较正式的说法;but放在句中，however
可放于句首、句中或句末。but之后一般不使用逗号，而however则必须用逗号与句子其他部分分开。
四、表示因果关系的并列连词
此类词有:
so因此
;
for因为，由于;
for
补充说明理由，不用于句首
;
so表示结果
eg：He
is
not
at
school,
for
he
has
a
bad
cold
today
.
他没在学校，因为他今天得了严重的感冒。
1
am
very
tired,
so
I
want
to
have
a
rest
我很累了，所以我想休息一下。
知识点2
从属连词用来连接主句和各种从句。这些连词多数引导状语从句，还有一些引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等名词性从句。
知识点3
从属连词
一、引导时间状语从句的从属连词
此类词有:
when
当......的时候，
while
当......的时候，as
当......的时候，as
soon
as
一......
就......，until
直到，
since自从，after在...之后，
before
在......之前
eg：When
I
got
to
the
theatre,I
found
that
they
had
sold
out
all
the
tckets.
当我到达剧院时，我发现票已售完。
while
I
was
watching
TV,
my
sister
was
doing
her
homework
.
当我正在看电视的时候，我妹妹正在做作业。
I
read
the
letter
as
I
walked
along
the
river
.我一边沿着河走一边读这封信。
知识点3
注意!
when、while、
as都表示."当......的时候”，
但when引导的从句中谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，主从句所陈述的动作可以同时发生，也可以有先后;
while
引导的从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的，侧重主、从句动作同时发生;
as
引导持续性动作，主、从句动作同时发生,强调“一边......，一边......”。
As
soon
as
he
arrives,
I
will
call
you
.
他一到我就给你打电话。
主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，
即符合“主将从现”结构
Mr.
Green
waited
until
his
children
came
back.
格林先生一直等到孩子们回来。
I
didn't
go
to
bed
until
my
mother
came
back.
直到妈妈回来我才去睡觉。
I
have
worked
in
this
factory
since
I
was
twenty
yeas
old
.
从用20岁起，我就在这家工厂上班。
since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时或构成“It
is+时间段+since+从句”结构
注意!
当主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时,主句用青定形式,表示动作或状态、一直持续到until所表示的时间为止，此时until意为“直到......”;当主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词时，主句用否定形式，即not...
until...，意为“直到......才......”,表示主句的动作直到until所表示的时间才开始。
二、引导条件状语从句的从属连词
此类词有:
if如果，unless除非，as
long
as只要。
if，unless，as
long
as引导条件状语从句时，若主句为一般将来时或祈使句及含有情态动词can
,
may.，must等时，从向用一般现在时表将来，即“主将从现”。
知识点3
eg：If
you
go
to
the
party,
you
wil
have
a
great
time
.
如果你去参加聚会，你将会玩得很高兴。
You
will
miss
the
bus
unless
you
hurry
up.
=If
you
don't
hurry
up,you
will
miss
the
bus.
As
long
as
you
work
hard,
you
wil
succeed.
只要你好好学习，你就会成功。
拓展:if也可以引导宾语从句，意为“是否”;而在条件状语从句中意思是“如果”。
unless
在含义上相当于if...not...，一般情况下两者可以互换
知识点3
三、引导原因状语从句的从属连词
此类词有:
because
因为，as由于，since
既然。
1.
because
语气最强烈，表示直接原因，用来回答why引导的问句。另外,becaue和so不能出现在同一个句子中，只能用其中之一，翻译成汉语时，仍然是“因为......所有......。
eg：I
was
late
for
school
because
I
didn't
catch
the
early
bus.
=I
didn't
catch
the
early
bus
so
I
was
late
for
school.
因为我没有赶上早班车，所有我上学迟到了。
2.since
因为、既然，语气较because弱。since引导的从句常位于主句前。
eg：Since
everyone
is
here,
let's
begin
our
lesson.
既然大家都来了，
我们上课吧。
3.as
由于，语气最弱，常说明比较明显的原因。
eg：As
it
is
cold
outside
,
we
will
put
on
our
overcoats.
因为外边冷，所以我们要穿上长大衣。
知识点3
四、引导目的状语从句的从属连词
此类词有:
so
that
为了、以便，in
order
that
以便，为了。
So
that
和in
order
that引导的目的状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可和so
as
to
do和in
order
to
do结构互换。
eg：
The
teacher
spoke
loudly
so
that
/in
order
that
we
could
hear
him
clearly.老师说话声音很大，以便我们能够清晰地听到他说话。
He
worked
day
and
night
so
that
/in
onder
that
he
could
succeed
=He
worked
day
and
night
so
as
to
/in
order
to
succeed.
他夜以继日地工作，为的是取得成功。
知识点3
五、引导结果状语从句的从属连词
此类词有:
so因此、
所以，so...
that...
/
such
...
that...
如此.....以至于......
He
studied
hard,
So
he
pased
the
exam
.
他学习努力，因此他通过了考试。
so...
that...和such..
that...的用法区别如下:
1.
so+形容词/副词+
that从句
eg：
This
box
is
so
heavy
that
I
can't
carry
it.
这个箱子太重，我搬不动。
2.
so+形容词+a/an
+单数名词+
that从句
=such+
a/an+形容词+单数名词+
that
从句
eg：
she
is
so
lovely
a
girl
that
we
all
like
her.
=She
is
such
a
lovely
a
girl
thay
we
all
like
her.
她是一个如此可爱的女孩，我们都喜欢她。
3.
such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+that
从句
eg：
It's
such
good
advice
that
I'll
accept
it
.
这个建议很好，我会接受它。
They
are
such
kind-
hearted
teachers
that
people
in
the
village
all
respect
them.
他们都是非常善良的教师，村庄里的人们都很尊重他们。
4.当名词前有many,
much,
little
(少)，few等词修饰时，只能用so,不能用such。
常构成“so
many
/much/little/few
+名词+
that从句”结构。
eg：He
has
so
many
books
that
I
can't
count
them
.
他有很多书.我数也数不清。
注意!
so...that...句式有时候可以和too...to...或(not)...enough
to
do
sth.结构互换。
eg：He
is
so
young
that
he
can't
go
to
school.
=He
is
too
young
to
go
to
shool.
=He
is
not
old
enugh
to
go
to
shool.
他太小了，还不能去上学。
知识点3
六、引导让步状语从句的从属连词
此类词有：though/although
虽然、
尽管，even
if/even
though即使。
eg：Although/Though
it
is
a
very
small
country,
it
is
veny
rich.
虽然它是个很小的国家，但是它却很富有。
Even
if
/though
you
were
here
yesterday，you
couldn't
help
him.
即使昨天你在这里，你也帮不了他。
although
/though
不能和but出现在同一个句子里，只能用其中一个
知识点3
七、引导宾语从句的从属连词
此类词有：if/whether
是否，when
什么时候，why
为什么，where
在哪里，that
(没有词义，仅起引导从句的作用)等。
eg：We
know
that
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
我们知道地球绕着太阳转。
Can
you
tell
me
if/whether
he
will
come
tomorrow
?
你能告诉我他明天是否会来吗?
I
want
to
know
why
he
was
late
for
school
yesterday.
我想知道昨天他为什么迟到。
知识点3
八、引导定语从句的从属连词
此类词有：that,
who,
which,
whom,
when,
where,
why和whose
eg：I
prefer
the
music
that
I
can
dance
to.
我更喜欢我能随之跳舞的音乐。
This
is
the
village
where
was
born.这就是他出生的村庄.。
The
man
whose
hair
is
white
is
his
grandfather.
那个头发花白的人是他的爷爷。
知识点4
考点精析
考查介词在句子中的正确运用
考点1
【例1】Read
and
choose.
单项填空。
（
）1.
He
speaks__________
English__________French.
Instead，he
speaks
Chinese
A.
neither；nor
B.
not
only；but
also
C.
both；and
（
）2.
Rules
are
helpful
to
us,__________
we
have
to
follow
them.
A.
so
B.
but
C.
or
解析：考查连词的运用。第1题由于第二句“相反，他说中文”可知第一句的意思为“他既不讲英语也不讲法语”。第2题根据句意“规则对我们是有帮助的，所有我们必须遵守。”逗号前面是原因，后面是结果，故用so。
答案：1.
2.
A
A
一、Read
and
fill.
用适当的连词填空。
1.
They
shook
hands______began
to
talk
at
once.
2.
I
must
home,
_____
my
mum
is
waiting
for
me.
3.
He
must
be
joking,
________he
is
mad.
4.
He
is
very
old,____he
still
works
very
hard.
5.
He
must
be
mad
____drunk.
and
for
or
else
举一反三
but
or
二、Read
and
choose.
单项填空。
（
）1.
He
was
so
tired
that
he
fell
alseep_______he
went
to
bed
.
A.
as
if
B.
ever
since
C.
as
soon
as
（
）2.
______you
are
strong
you
can
carry
this
big
box.
A.
For
B.
As
C.
Since
（
）3.
It
rained,____
the
sports
meets
was
postponed.
A.
for
B.
so
C.
therefore
（
）4.
I
study
English
hard，__________
English
is
very
important.
A.
so
B.
because
C.
until
C
B
C
B
1.
_____
well
as
2.
_____
soon
as
3.
_________
...but
also...
4.
_____
order
that
5.
________
...nor...
6.
_____
...and...
7.
_______
...or...
8.
even
_____
9.
as
_____
10.
so...
_____...
一、Read
and
write.
在下列横线上填上适当的连词。
as
过关检测
as
not
only
in
neither
both
either
since
if
that
二、Read
and
choose.
单项填空。
（
）1.
He
fell
asleep________he
was
doing
his
English
exercises
.
A.
while
B.
as
soon
as
C.
if
（
）2.
When
you're
learn
English,use
it,
__________you'll
lose
it.
A.
but
B.
or
C.
and
（
）3.
Nobody
can
learn
English
well
__________
you
work
hard
on
it.
A.
unless
B.
if
C.
but
（
）4.
I
will
tell
you
__________
I
know.
A.
as
if
B.
for
C.
as
soon
as
A
B
A
C
（
）5.
I
have
stayed
in
Guangdong__________
I
was
ten.
A.
then
B.
since
C.
but
（
）6.
All
of
us
will
be
happy__________
you
can
come
with
us.
A.
while
B.
if
C.
but
（
）7.
The
steps
are
tentative__________
yet
to
be
felt
in
most
classrooms.
A.
and
B.
or
C.
but
（
）8.
But
__________
started，it
is
of
course
a
continuous
process.
A.
since
B.
until
C.
once
B
B
A
C
三、Read
and
write.
连词成句。
1.
is
such
that
a
good
he
we
him
like
person
all（.）
__________________________________________________________
2.
is
I
that
more
can
this
accept（.）
__________________________________________________________
3.
you
hurry
will
the
unless
miss
train
you
up（.）
__________________________________________________________
He
is
such
a
good
person
that
we
all
like
him
.
This
is
more
than
I
can
accept.
You
will
miss
the
train
unless
you
hurry
up.
谢谢
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