人教版九年级英语unit3 宾语从句讲解和练习课件（共22张）

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宾语从句
人教版九年级英语unit3宾语从句和练习题
学习目标
1.宾语从句的定义和用法。
2.
由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
3.由从属连词
whether,
if
引导的宾语从句
4.由连接代词
who,
whom,
whose,
which，what
和连接副词
where,
how,
why,
when引导的宾语从句，也可理解为由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。
合作探究
学生通过阅读和练习，初步了解宾语从句的用法。并小组讨论有关用法。
点拨升华------宾语从句专题
一、宾语从句的概念：
当宾语可以用一个单词或短语表达时，我们就直接把该单词或短语置于动词后面作宾语，宾语一般由名词、动名词、代词或动词不定式来充当。如：I
have
a
book.
My
father
bought
it.
I
like
reading
the
book.
I
want
to
remember
it.
但是，如果要表达“我知道你已经写完作业了”，就无法用一个单词来表达“你写完作业了”，是一个完整的句子，只能用句子表达，即：I
know
(that)
you
have
finished
your
homework.这种放在动词后面作宾语的句子，就叫作宾语从句。
1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
2.由从属连词
whether,
if
引导的宾语从句
3.由连接代词
who,
whom,
whose,
which，what
和连接副词
where,
how,
why,
when引导的宾语从句，也可理解为由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。
二、引导词
（1）由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
that
在句中没有词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，只
是使读者清楚后面的句子是前面动词的宾语，在口语当中
往往省略。
一般情况下，当陈述句做宾语时用that引导。
eg.1.
I
hear
(that)
he
will
be
back
in
an
hour.
（一小时后他会回来）
2.
He
said
(that)
he
missed
us
very
much.
（他非常想念我们）
3.
I
hope
(that)
they
will
have
a
good
time.
(他们将会玩得开心）
（2）由从属连词whether,
if
引导的宾语从句
whether
/if
本身作“是否”讲，如果我们要表达一
个不确定的概念，就要用whether/if来引导一个从
句。一般情况下，如果宾语是一般疑问句，就要
换成由从属连词if或whether引导的宾语从句。
whether和if常常可以互换，但是，当从句后面有
or
not的话，就只能使用whether构成“whether…or
not”的结构。
注：whether/if
后面的句子要用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
eg.
1.
他问我们周日是否去钓鱼。
He
asks
whether/if
we
will
go
fishing
on
Sunday.
在这句话中，“周日我们去钓鱼吗”是一个一般疑问句的含义，所以转换成宾语从句时用whether/if引导。
2.
Tom不知道李明明天会不会来。
Tom
doesn’t
know
whether/if
Li
Ming
will
come
tomorrow.
在这句话中，“李明明天来吗”是一般疑问句的含义，所以转换成宾语从句时用whether/if引导。
注意一下情况只用whether，不用if。
1.
whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or
not直接连用。如：
Let
me
know
whether
you
can
come
or
not.
Let
me
know
if
you
can
come
or
not.
2.
当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如：
Whether
it
is
true
or
not,
I
can’t
tell.
If
it
is
true
or
not,
I
can’t
tell.
3.
whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：
I
don’t
know
whether
to
accept
or
refuse.
I
don’t
know
if
to
accept
or
refuse.
4.
whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如：
I
worry
about
whether
I
hurt
her
feelings.
I
worry
about
if
I
hurt
her
feelings.
当堂训练1
1.
Did
Peter
come
here
yesterday?
Li
Lei
wants
to
know.
(改为含宾语从句的复合句)
Li
Lei
wants
to
know
________
Peter
______
here
yesterday.
2.
Is
Lingling
a
student?
I
don’t
know.
I
don’t
know
____________________________.
3.
我不知道明天是否会下雨。
I
don’t
know
_____________________________.
4.
李明问我周日是否去北京。
Li
Ming
asks
__________________________________.
5.
老师问我们是否写完了作业。
Teacher
asks
______________________________________.
whether/if
came
whether/if
Lingling
is
a
student
whether/if
it
will
rain
tomorrow
whether/if
I
will
go
to
Beijing
on
Sunday
whether/if
we
have
finished
our
homework
（3）由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。
如果遇到什么时间、什么地点、什么方式、什么原因之类的问句时，我们就要使用相应的疑问词来连接从句。也就是说，当宾语是特殊疑问句时，就要用相应的疑问词来引导。在疑问词引导的从句中，一定要用陈述语序。
eg.
1.
I
didn’t
hear
what
he
wanted
me
to
do.
2.
He
asked
who
could
answer
the
question.
3.
Tom
asked
us
when
we
would
start
the
party.
4.
Can
you
tell
me
where
he
is?
5.
Could
you
tell
me
how
I
can
get
to
the
station?
注意这些例句中的陈述语序。
把一个特殊疑问句放在宾语从句中，我们要做好两步：
1.
移。就是把特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问词移到句子中来；
2.
变。就是把特殊疑问词后面的一般疑问句变为陈述句语序。
e.g.
How
can
I
get
to
the
station?
I
don’t
know.
首先，我们把主句找出来，即：I
don’t
know.
那么接下来是我不知道什么呢？后面就需要一个宾语从句，而后面的句子是以特殊疑问词How来引导，所以，
第一步疑问词移下来变为：I
don’t
know
how…
第二步看剩下的部分：can
I
get
to
the
station?
是一个一般疑问句，要改成陈述句，即把主语放到前面：
I
can
get
to
the
station.
加到前面的句子上。
那么这句话就变成了：
I
don’t
know
how
I
can
get
to
the
station.
当堂训练2
1.
Where
is
Tony
from?
I
don’t
know.
___________________________________________
2.
How
old
is
Lingling?
Miss
Li
wants
to
know.
__________________________________________
3.
When
will
my
father
come
back?
I
can’t
tell
you.
___________________________________________
4.
Where
is
the
bus
stop?
The
foreigner
asks.
______________________________________________
5.
Which
is
the
right
answer?
Can
you
tell
me?
________________________________________________
6.
Where
does
Tony
come
from?
I
can
guess.
__________________________________________________
I
don’t
know
Miss
Li
wants
to
know
I
can’t
tell
you
The
foreigner
asks
Can
you
tell
me
where
Tony
is
from.
how
old
Lingling
is.
when
my
father
will
come
back.
where
the
bus
stop
is.
which
is
the
right
answer.
I
can
guess
where
Tony
comes
from.
三、宾语从句中的时态
1.
当主句是现在时或将来时的时候，宾语从句可以用所需要的任何时态。
eg.
We
know
(that)
Mrs.
Chen
teaches
English.
I
don’t
know
whether
he
has
finished
his
homework.
2．主句是过去时，宾语从句一般只能用过去的某种时态
eg.
I
said
I
was
reading
a
book
at
that
moment.
He
wasn’t
sure
whether
Sally
would
come
or
not.
3.
当从句叙述的是客观事实或一般真理时，宾语从句仍然用现在时态。
eg.
He
told
the
boy
that
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
1.
You
are
growing
so
fast.
Can
you
tell
me
__________?
A.
how
fast
are
you
B.
how
fast
you
are
C.
how
tall
are
you
D.
how
tall
you
are
2.
I
don’t
know
_______
she
comes
or
not.
A.
if
B.
whether
C.
where
D.
how
3.
Can
you
tell
me
how
________
Radio
Beijing?
A.
get
to
B.
to
get
C.
I
can
get
to
D.
can
I
get
to
4.
David
doesn’t
know
_____
for
Guangzhou,
because
the
boss
hasn’t
dicided
who
to
go.
A.
when
he
will
leave
B.
when
will
he
leave
C.
if
he
leaves
D.
if
he
will
leave
5.
–You
can
use
MSN
to
talk
with
Vivien
on
the
Internet.
--I
know.
But
can
you
tell
me
_________.
A.
when
I
can
use
it
B.
what
I
can
use
it
C.
why
can
I
use
it
D.
how
can
I
use
it
6.
Tom
asked
Mike
______.
A.
where
did
he
live
B.
where
he
lived
C.
where
does
he
live
D
B
C
D
A
B
当堂训练3
7.
She
said,“
I
can
mend
it.”
She
said
_____
_____
______
mend
it.
8.
我不知道他是否病了。I
don’t
know
________
_____
___
____.
9.
我问他这是什么。
I
asked
him
______
_____
______.
10.
你能告诉我你来自哪里吗？
Can
you
tell
me
______
______
_____
______.
11.
我不知道谁要来。I
don’t
know
_____
_____
______.
12.
你知道萨莉到了没有？
Do
you
know
_________
Sally
________
______?
13.
Where
did
you
buy
your
computer?
Do
you
remember?
Do
you
remember
_______
you
________
your
computer?
14.
She
asks,"
Why
did
they
do
it?”
She
wants
to
know
_____
______
_____it.
15.
Does
Mr
Green
like
living
in
China?
Could
you
tell
me?
Could
you
tell
me
__________
Mr
Green
______
living
in
China.
that
she
could
whether/if
he
is
ill
what
this
was
where
you
are
from
who
will
come
whether/if
has
arrived
where
bought
why
they
did
whether/if
likes
宾语从句巧记歌
学习宾从三注意：
时态语序连接词。
时态主从要呼应，
运用当中应切记；
主句若为现在时，
从句时态随句意；
主句若为过去时，
从句时态变过去；
语序要用陈述序，
切莫照搬疑问句；
that连接陈述句，
省与不省没关系；
从句若表是否时，
if,whether均可以；
特殊问句作宾语，
仍用原来疑问词；
三个问题须牢记。
切莫丢东忘了西。
确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)
主句时态
从
句
时
态
连
接
词
前
连
接
词
后
一般现在时
时态保持不变
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般过去时
过去完成时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
课堂小结：
课后作业：
Thank
you
See
you