备战2020年高考
外刊精读与练习（学案）
How
to
avoid
‘burnout’
如何避免过度疲劳
语篇导读
你是否曾经为了升学考试或者工作中的一个项目长期加班加点、顶着压力努力拼搏？等到结束后，感到身心疲惫？这就被称为
“burnout（过度疲劳）”。本文讨论如何在生活和工作中避免过度疲劳。
Step
1
词汇表
1
burnout
过度疲劳
stress
压力
overwhelming?难以承受的
unprecedented
空前的
dreaded
令人畏惧的，可怕的，
prolonged
长期的，持续很久的
cynicism
愤世嫉俗，冷嘲热讽
depression
抑郁，惆怅
lethargy
无精打采
sense
of
self
自我感知
stifle
扼杀
strive
奋斗，努力
self-efficacy
自我效能
achievable
（工作或任务）可完成的
capable
有能力的
gruelling
折磨人的，使人精疲力尽的
outlet
施展的机会
beneficial
有益的
draining
使人心力交瘁的
positive
mental
attitude
积极心态
Step
2
Reading
and
understanding
Whether
it’s
studying
for
exams,
working
on
a
project
or
struggling
with
a
dissertation,
we’ve
all
been
under
immense?stress?at
some
point.
When
it
gets
a
bit?overwhelming,
we
can
reach
a
level
of
exhaustion
that
is?unprecedented?–
the?dreaded
burnout.
However,
that
feeling
of
exhaustion
is
not
just
physical;
it
can
be
mental
as
well.
According
to
‘Psychology
Today’,
burnout
isn’t
just
caused
by
working
long
hours;
it
is
more
about?prolonged?or
repeated
exposure
to
a
stressful
situation.
The
result
can
be
feelings
of?cynicism,?depression?and?lethargy.
A
feeling
of
loss
of
control
in
a
work
scenario
can
create
a
conflict
with
the?sense
of
self?–
which
can
lead
to
burnout.
Suffering
from
burnout
can?stifle?our
creativity
and
productivity.
Ironically,
this
means
that?striving?to
be
more
efficient
can
result
in
a
reduction
in
our
productivity.
But
what
can
we
do
to
avoid
the
evils
of
burnout?
Well,
there
are
some
tips
that
may
help
you.
Psychologist
Albert
Bandura’s
idea
of?self-efficacy?–
which
is
the
theory
that
you
should
believe
in
your
ability
to
complete
a
task
at
hand
-
may
assist
you.
A
feeling
that
the
task
is?achievable?and
that
you
are?capable?of
succeeding
means
that
a
difficult
task
might
be
less?gruelling.
Finding
ways
to
express
your
creative
side
may
help.
Not
everyone
has
creative
aspects
to
their
jobs,
and,
therefore,
they
need
to
find
other?outlets.
They
could
paint,
write
or
take
part
in
local
theatre.
All
of
this
may
help
to
detach
them
from
the
overwhelming
stress
that
may
exist
in
their
working
life.
Looking
after
yourself
and
your
surroundings
can
also
be?beneficial.
The
consequence
is
that
you
are
surrounded
by
a
cleaner
and
more
positive
environment.
This,
in
turn,
leads
to
another
tip,
which
is
to
have
healthy
and
positive
thoughts.
Being
negative
can
be
incredibly?draining.
Having
a?positive
mental
attitude?towards
everything
you
do
means
that
you
may
feel
more
capable
as
well.
Burnout
is
a
common
condition
associated
with
the
pressures
of
the
modern
world.
It’s
not
just
a
physical
condition;
it
has
psychological
effects
that
can
impact
heavily
on
your
work
and
life
in
general.
Taking
steps
to
avoid
burning
out
can
benefit
not
just
us,
but
our
bosses
and
families.
Step
3
测验与练习
Task
1?阅读课文并回答问题。
1.
What
can
lead
to
a
conflict
with
the
sense
of
self?
2.
What
are
the
common
results
of
burnout?
3.
What
is
‘self
efficacy’?
4.
What
is
the
potential
benefit
of
embracing
your
creativity?
5.
Who
can
benefit
from
avoiding
burnout?
Task
2选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。
1.
I
feel
a
bit
down
at
the
moment.
I
think
I’m
_______.
A.
depressed?
?
?
?
B.
depression?
?
?
?
C.
depress
?
?
?
?D.
depresses?????
2.
I’m
so
tired
–
I
feel
_______.
A.
lethargically????????B.
sense
of
self
?
?
?C.
lethargic?????????????D.
burnout
3.
The
air
in
here
is
_______.
A.
stifle
?
?
?
B.
stifles
?
?
?
?C.
stifling
?
?
?
D.
stiff
4.
This
doesn’t
_______
anyone!
A.
benefitted
?
?
?
B.
benefits
?
?
?
C.
benefits
?
?
?
?D.?benefit
5.
Just
don’t
_______
the
agony
any
more.
A.
prolonging
?
?
?B.
prolongs
?
?
?
?C.
prolong
?
?
?
D.
prolonged
Task
3
语法填空
Whether
it’s
studying
for
exams,
working
on
a
project
or
struggling
with
a
dissertation,
we’ve
all
been
under
immense?stress?at
some
point.
When
it
gets
a
bit
_1______________
(overwhelm),
we
can
reach
a
level
of
exhaustion
_2_________
is?unprecedented?–
the?dreaded
burnout.
However,
that
feeling
of
exhaustion
is
not
just
physical;
it
can
be
mental
_3______
well.
According
to
‘Psychology
Today’,
burnout
isn’t
just
caused
by
working
long
hours;
it
is
more
about?prolonged?or
repeated
exposure
_4________
a
stressful
situation.
The
result
can
be
feelings
of?cynicism,?depression?and?lethargy.
A
feeling
of
_5________
(lose)
of
control
in
a
work
scenario
can
create
a
conflict
with
the?sense
of
self?–
which
can
lead
to
burnout.
_6__________
(suffer)
from
burnout
can?stifle?our
creativity
and
productivity.
_7___________
(ironic),
this
means
that?striving?to
be
more
efficient
can
result
_8______
a
reduction
in
our
productivity.
But
what
can
we
do
to
avoid
the
evils
of
burnout?
Well,
there
are
some
tips
that
may
help
you.
Psychologist
Albert
Bandura’s
idea
of?self-efficacy?–
which
is
the
theory
_9_______
you
should
believe
in
your
ability
to
complete
a
task
at
hand
-
may
assist
you.
A
feeling
that
the
task
is?achievable?and
that
you
are?capable?_10______
succeeding
means
that
a
difficult
task
might
be
less?gruelling.
Finding
ways
to
express
your
creative
side
may
help.
Not
everyone
has
creative
aspects
to
their
jobs,
and,
_11____________,
they
need
to
find
other?outlets.
They
could
paint,
write
or
take
part
in
local
theatre.
All
of
this
may
help
to
detach
them
from
the
overwhelming
stress
_12________
may
exist
in
their
working
life.
Looking
after
yourself
and
your
surroundings
can
also
be?_13___________
(benefit).
The
consequence
is
that
you
are
surrounded
by
a
cleaner
and
more
positive
environment.
This,
_14_____
turn,
leads
to
another
tip,
_15__________
is
to
have
healthy
and
positive
thoughts.
Being
negative
can
be_16____________
(incredible)?draining.
Having
a?positive
mental
attitude?towards
everything
you
do
means
that
you
may
feel
more
capable
as
well.
Burnout
is
a
common
condition
_17__________
(associate)
with
the
pressures
of
the
modern
world.
It’s
not
just
a
physical
condition;
it
has
psychological
effects
that
can
impact
heavily
_18_____
your
work
and
life
in
general.
Taking
steps
to
avoid
_19__________
(burn)
out
can
benefit
not
just
us,
but
our
bosses
and
families.备战2020年高考
外刊精读与练习（教案）
How
to
avoid
‘burnout’
如何避免过度疲劳
语篇导读
你是否曾经为了升学考试或者工作中的一个项目长期加班加点、顶着压力努力拼搏？等到结束后，感到身心疲惫？这就被称为
“burnout（过度疲劳）”。本文讨论如何在生活和工作中避免过度疲劳。
Step
1
词汇表
3
burnout
过度疲劳
stress
压力
overwhelming?难以承受的
unprecedented
空前的
dreaded
令人畏惧的，可怕的，
prolonged
长期的，持续很久的
cynicism
愤世嫉俗，冷嘲热讽
depression
抑郁，惆怅
lethargy
无精打采
sense
of
self
自我感知
stifle
扼杀
strive
奋斗，努力
self-efficacy
自我效能
achievable
（工作或任务）可完成的
capable
有能力的
gruelling
折磨人的，使人精疲力尽的
outlet
施展的机会
beneficial
有益的
draining
使人心力交瘁的
positive
mental
attitude
积极心态
Step
2
Reading
and
understanding
Whether
it’s
studying
for
exams,
working
on
a
project
or
struggling
with
a
dissertation,
we’ve
all
been
under
immense?stress?at
some
point.
When
it
gets
a
bit?overwhelming,
we
can
reach
a
level
of
exhaustion
that
is?unprecedented?–
the?dreaded
burnout.
However,
that
feeling
of
exhaustion
is
not
just
physical;
it
can
be
mental
as
well.
According
to
‘Psychology
Today’,
burnout
isn’t
just
caused
by
working
long
hours;
it
is
more
about?prolonged?or
repeated
exposure
to
a
stressful
situation.
The
result
can
be
feelings
of?cynicism,?depression?and?lethargy.
A
feeling
of
loss
of
control
in
a
work
scenario
can
create
a
conflict
with
the?sense
of
self?–
which
can
lead
to
burnout.
Suffering
from
burnout
can?stifle?our
creativity
and
productivity.
Ironically,
this
means
that?striving?to
be
more
efficient
can
result
in
a
reduction
in
our
productivity.
But
what
can
we
do
to
avoid
the
evils
of
burnout?
Well,
there
are
some
tips
that
may
help
you.
Psychologist
Albert
Bandura’s
idea
of?self-efficacy?–
which
is
the
theory
that
you
should
believe
in
your
ability
to
complete
a
task
at
hand
-
may
assist
you.
A
feeling
that
the
task
is?achievable?and
that
you
are?capable?of
succeeding
means
that
a
difficult
task
might
be
less?gruelling.
Finding
ways
to
express
your
creative
side
may
help.
Not
everyone
has
creative
aspects
to
their
jobs,
and,
therefore,
they
need
to
find
other?outlets.
They
could
paint,
write
or
take
part
in
local
theatre.
All
of
this
may
help
to
detach
them
from
the
overwhelming
stress
that
may
exist
in
their
working
life.
Looking
after
yourself
and
your
surroundings
can
also
be?beneficial.
The
consequence
is
that
you
are
surrounded
by
a
cleaner
and
more
positive
environment.
This,
in
turn,
leads
to
another
tip,
which
is
to
have
healthy
and
positive
thoughts.
Being
negative
can
be
incredibly?draining.
Having
a?positive
mental
attitude?towards
everything
you
do
means
that
you
may
feel
more
capable
as
well.
Burnout
is
a
common
condition
associated
with
the
pressures
of
the
modern
world.
It’s
not
just
a
physical
condition;
it
has
psychological
effects
that
can
impact
heavily
on
your
work
and
life
in
general.
Taking
steps
to
avoid
burning
out
can
benefit
not
just
us,
but
our
bosses
and
families.
Step
3
测验与练习
Task
1?阅读课文并回答问题。
1.
What
can
lead
to
a
conflict
with
the
sense
of
self?
A
feeling
of
loss
of
control
in
a
work
scenario.
2.
What
are
the
common
results
of
burnout?
Feelings
of
cynicism,
depression
and
lethargy.
3.
What
is
‘self
efficacy’?
The
ability
to
complete
a
task
at
hand.
4.
What
is
the
potential
benefit
of
embracing
your
creativity?
It
can
detach
you
from
the
overwhelming
stress
of
work.
5.
Who
can
benefit
from
avoiding
burnout?
You
and
your
boss.
Task
2选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。
1.
I
feel
a
bit
down
at
the
moment.
I
think
I’m
_______.
A.
depressed?
?
?
?
B.
depression?
?
?
?
C.
depress
?
?
?
?D.
depresses?????
2.
I’m
so
tired
–
I
feel
_______.
A.
lethargically????????B.
sense
of
self
?
?
?C.
lethargic?????????????D.
burnout
3.
The
air
in
here
is
_______.
A.
stifle
?
?
?
B.
stifles
?
?
?
?C.
stifling
?
?
?
D.
stiff
4.
This
doesn’t
_______
anyone!
A.
benefitted
?
?
?
B.
benefits
?
?
?
C.
benefits
?
?
?
?D.?benefit
5.
Just
don’t
_______
the
agony
any
more.
A.
prolonging
?
?
?B.
prolongs
?
?
?
?C.
prolong
?
?
?
D.
prolonged
Task
3
语法填空
Whether
it’s
studying
for
exams,
working
on
a
project
or
struggling
with
a
dissertation,
we’ve
all
been
under
immense?stress?at
some
point.
When
it
gets
a
bit
_1______________
(overwhelm),
we
can
reach
a
level
of
exhaustion
_2_________
is?unprecedented?–
the?dreaded
burnout.
However,
that
feeling
of
exhaustion
is
not
just
physical;
it
can
be
mental
_3______
well.
According
to
‘Psychology
Today’,
burnout
isn’t
just
caused
by
working
long
hours;
it
is
more
about?prolonged?or
repeated
exposure
_4________
a
stressful
situation.
The
result
can
be
feelings
of?cynicism,?depression?and?lethargy.
A
feeling
of
_5________
(lose)
of
control
in
a
work
scenario
can
create
a
conflict
with
the?sense
of
self?–
which
can
lead
to
burnout.
_6__________
(suffer)
from
burnout
can?stifle?our
creativity
and
productivity.
_7___________
(ironic),
this
means
that?striving?to
be
more
efficient
can
result
_8______
a
reduction
in
our
productivity.
But
what
can
we
do
to
avoid
the
evils
of
burnout?
Well,
there
are
some
tips
that
may
help
you.
Psychologist
Albert
Bandura’s
idea
of?self-efficacy?–
which
is
the
theory
_9_______
you
should
believe
in
your
ability
to
complete
a
task
at
hand
-
may
assist
you.
A
feeling
that
the
task
is?achievable?and
that
you
are?capable?_10______
succeeding
means
that
a
difficult
task
might
be
less?gruelling.
Finding
ways
to
express
your
creative
side
may
help.
Not
everyone
has
creative
aspects
to
their
jobs,
and,
_11____________,
they
need
to
find
other?outlets.
They
could
paint,
write
or
take
part
in
local
theatre.
All
of
this
may
help
to
detach
them
from
the
overwhelming
stress
_12________
may
exist
in
their
working
life.
Looking
after
yourself
and
your
surroundings
can
also
be?_13___________
(benefit).
The
consequence
is
that
you
are
surrounded
by
a
cleaner
and
more
positive
environment.
This,
_14_____
turn,
leads
to
another
tip,
_15__________
is
to
have
healthy
and
positive
thoughts.
Being
negative
can
be_16____________
(incredible)?draining.
Having
a?positive
mental
attitude?towards
everything
you
do
means
that
you
may
feel
more
capable
as
well.
Burnout
is
a
common
condition
_17__________
(associate)
with
the
pressures
of
the
modern
world.
It’s
not
just
a
physical
condition;
it
has
psychological
effects
that
can
impact
heavily
_18_____
your
work
and
life
in
general.
Taking
steps
to
avoid
_19__________
(burn)
out
can
benefit
not
just
us,
but
our
bosses
and
families.
1,
overwhelming
2,
that/which
3,
as
4,
to
5,
loss
6,
Suffering
7,
Ironically
8,
in
9,
that
10,
of
11,
therefore
12,
that/which
13,
beneficial
14,
in
15,
which
16,
incredibly
17,
associated
18,
on
19,
burning
