高考英语二轮专题复习：定语从句 课件（41张PPT）

(共41张PPT)
Revision
of
the
Attributive
Clause
定语从句复习
Underline
the
attributive
clauses:
Don’t
forget
the
things
that
once
you
owned.
Treasure
the
things
that
you
have
gotten.
Don't
give
up
the
things
that
belong
to
you
and
keep
those
lost
things
in
memory.
　　
曾经拥有的，不要忘记。已经得到的，
更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。
已经失去的，留作回忆。
句子
简单句
并列句
复合句
名词性从句
形容词性从句（定语从句）
副词性从句（状语从句）
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
句子结构图
定语从句：
修饰名词和代词的从句
This
is
the
best
film
that
I
have
seen.
定语从句
the
best
film
先行词
关系词
This
is
the
best
film
that
I
have
seen.
关系词
引导定语从句
关系词的作用
1
2
3
代替先行词
that
指代film
在定语从句中担任一个成分
that
在从句中充当seen的宾语
1.
This
is
the
factory
(that/which)
we
visited
last
week.
the
factory
在定语从句中担任一个成分
作宾语,可省略　
例句感悟
2.
A
plane
is
a
machine
that／which
can
fly
.
a
machine
作主语　
3.
Who
is
the
man
that/who
is
reading
a
book
over
there?
the
man
作主语　
4.
The
girl
(that/whom)
we
saw
yesterday
was
Jim’s
sister.
作宾语,可省略　
5.
Tom
didn’t
do
well
in
his
study,
which
made
his
parents
very
disappointed.
which
指代整件事情,并充当定语从句的主语　
6.
This
is
the
scientist
whose
name
is
known
all
over
the
world.
与其后面的名词一起作主语,
whose
的含义与
one’s
相同　
7.
This
is
a
room
whose
window
faces
south.
“它的窗户”
做定语从句的主语　
先行词
定语从句
缺主语
缺宾语
缺定语
指人
指物
指人和物
（一）引导定语从句的关系代词
who
that
whom
that
/
whose
(of
whom)
which
that
which
that
/
whose
(of
which)
that
that
/
whose
基础知识回顾:
关系词及其用法
关系副词
指代
在从句中的作用
when
where
why
时间
时间状语
地点
地点状语
原因
原因状语
(=at/in/on/during
which)
(=in/at
which)
(=for
which)
（二）引导定语从句的关系副词
巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空
1)
October
1,
1949
was
the
day______
(__
______)
China
was
founded.
2)
Beijing
is
the
place
______
(____
______)
I
live.
3)
Is
this
the
reason
____
(___
_____)
he
didn’t
want
to
see
me?
when
on
which
where
in
which
why
for
which
如何选用定语从句的关系词
1.首先分清主句和定语从句
2.确定定语从句的先行词
3.
若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。
（判断从句的动词的词性是及物动词还是不及物动词，确定从句缺少什么成分，从而确定能使用的关系词）
对比练习：用适当的关系词填空
1.
The
room
___________________
he
once
lived
is
still
there.
The
room
___________________
I
have
to
clean
every
day
belongs
to
my
mother.
where/in
which
(that/which)
对比练习：用适当的关系词填空
2.
I
will
never
forget
the
day_______________
I
met
you.
I
will
never
forget
the
day
______________
we
spent
together.
when/on
which
(that/which)
The
reason
_____________
I
don’t
know
is
known
to
him.
(that/which)
why/for
which
3.
The
reason
________________
I
don’t
know
the
thing
is
that
I
was
not
there
at
that
time.
定语从句考点
考点一:
that
与which
的区别
考点二:
介词+关系代词
考点三：as与which引导的定语从句
考点四:
定语从句中主谓一致问题
考点五：易混句型
1.
This
is
all
____
I
know
about
the
matter.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
who
D.
whether
2.
The
last
place
_____
we
visited
was
the
Great
Wall.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
it
考点一:
that
与which
的区别
先行词为all,
little,
much,
everything,
nothing,
something,
anything等不定代词时，关系代词用
that
3.
He
talked
happily
about
the
men
and
books
_____
interested
him
greatly
in
the
school.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
it
D.
whom
4.
Is
oxygen
the
only
gas
_____
helps
fire
burn?
A.
that
B.
/
C.
which
D.
it
先行词为人和物的组合
先行词被序数词(the
first)或形容词最高级(the
best)
以及
the
very,
the
only
等修饰时。
1.
先行词为all,
little,
much,
everything,
nothing,
something,
anything等不定代词。
2.先行词被all,
little,
much,
every,
no等修饰时。
3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰或先行词前the
last,
the
very,
the
only
等时。
4.
先行词为人和物的组合
（一）、只能用that的情况
记忆：
5.若主句中有疑问代词
who
或者
which，为了避免重复而用
that。
1.
Jim
passed
the
driving
test,
______
surprised
everybody
in
the
office.
A.which
B
that
C
this
D.it
(二)、只能用which的情况:
　　1、逗号后面
(非限制性定从)
2、介词后面
2.
This
is
the
house
in______
he
once
lived.
　A.
whose
B.
that
　C.
which
D.
this
考点二:
介词+关系代词
注意：　指物时　　介词＋which
指人时　　介词＋whom
Examples
:
1.The
man
__________
you
shook
hands
just
now
is
our
headmaster.
2.The
room
__________
my
family
live
used
to
be
a
garage.
with
whom
in
which
介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,
关键是判断介词的选择.
方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配
方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系
The
man
is
from
Beijing
University
.
I
talked
about
him
at
the
meeting.
The
man
I
talked
about
at
the
meeting
is
from
Beijing
University.
句子合并：
=The
man
about
I
talked
at
the
meeting
is
from
Beijing
University.
关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。
whom
(whom/that)
考点三：as与which引导的定语从句
两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。
1.
当与such或the
same连用时，一般用as。
2.
as
引导的从句可以放在句首,
as
本身有“正如…..正象…”之意，与之连用的词有
know,
see,
expect,
announce,
point
out
等。
1.
______
has
been
said
above,
grammar
is
a
set
of
dead
rules.
A.
Which
B.
What
C.
That
D.
As
2.
We
do
the
same
work
_____
they
do.
A.
which
B.
as
C.
than
D.
like
考点四:　定语从句中主谓一致问题
定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。
1.I
am
not
one
who
______afraid
of
difficulty．
2.
The
number
of
people
who
_____
(learn)
English
in
China
is
increasing
rapidly.
is
learn
3.
This
is
one
of
the
best
factories
___________fashion
clothes
here.
4.
This
is
the
only
one
of
the
best
factories_________
fashion
clothes
here.
A.
Which
makes
B.
that
makes
C.
Which
make
D.
that
make
that
make
that
makes
1).
a.
I
saw
some
trees,
and
the
leaves
of
_______
were
black
with
disease.
b.
I
saw
some
trees,
the
leaves
of
______
were
black
with
disease.
2).
a.
The
professor
is
a
little
man,
on
the
nose
of
______there
is
a
pair
of
glasses.
b.
The
professor
is
a
little
man,
and
on
the
nose
of
______there
is
a
pair
of
glasses
解题点拨
:
是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。
　　　　
them
whom
which
him
__
__
1.定语从句与并列句
考点五：易混句型
Group
Work
1).
a.
The
news
________our
volleyball
team
won
the
match
made
us
excited.
　
b.
The
news
__________he
told
me
yesterday
is
exciting.
2).
a.
I
made
a
promise
______
if
anyone
set
me
free,
I
would
make
him
very
rich.
b.
The
mother
made
a
promise
___________
pleased
all
her
children.
that
(that/which)
that/which
that
解题点拨：that引导的定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制；在句中作成份(作宾语省略),指物时可用which代替；而同位语从句是对前面名词的说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。
２.定语从句与同位语从句
1)
a.
It
is
in
this
room
______I
lived
last
year.
b.
It
is
the
room
_______I
lived
last
year.
2)
a.
It
was
at
seven
o’clock
______he
went
to
school
this
morning.
b.
It
was
seven
o’clock
_______he
went
to
school
this
morning.
解题点拨：强调句型：It
is/was+被强调的成份+that/who+其它部分;
去掉
It
is
/was
….that/who…
,句子照样成立;而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。
that
where
that
when
３.定语从句与强调句
Have
you
got
it?
Under
the
big
tree
are
34
students,
many
of
them
come
from
Class
Two.
My
mother
has
a
good
book,
which
cover
looks
terrible.
This
is
the
very
pen
that
you
gave
it
to
me
before.
The
weather
turned
out
to
be
very
good,
that
was
out
of
our
expect.
I
will
do
all
what
I
can
to
help
you.
whom
whose
which
that
\
句子改错：
I’m
going
to
work
in
the
hospital
where
needs
me.
Cathy
is
the
only
one
of
us
who
have
been
to
America.
Is
that
factory
which
your
father
once
worked
in?
It
is
known
to
all,
China
is
a
beautiful
country.
It
was
in
this
school
where
I
had
studied
for
3
years.
which
has
the
one
As
that
写作提升练
根据上下文和括号中的提示，用定语从句完成句子
In
our
school,
there
are
various
kinds
of
activities,
1._________________________（我们非常喜欢它们）.Playing
football
and
reading
stories
are
my
favorites
2.________________________（它们对我有许多好处）.
Besides
building
my
body
and
enriching
my
knowledge,
they
also
free
me
from
the
heavy
work
or
study.
which
we
enjoy
very
much
which
do
me
lots
of
good
From
my
point
of
view,
if
there
is
an
activity
3.________________________（是你感兴趣的并适合你），you
should
participate
in
it,
4._________________
________________________________
________________________________
（它不仅能使你的学校生活丰富多彩，还能提高你的交际能力）.
which
interests
and
suits
you
which
will
not
only
enrich
your
school
life,
but
also
improve
your
ability
to
communicate
with
others
Homework
Have
a
summary
of
the
important
points
about
the
attributive
clause
on
your
notebook.
Finish
some
relevant
exercises
to
consolidate
what
we
have
learnt.
Thank
you
for
your
time!