Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling 重点短语，句子+教材知识讲解

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【知识点】8年级下册Unit6
Topic1
【重点词组】
1.spring
field
trip
春游
2.go
on
a
three-day
visit
to
Mount
Tai?
去泰山参观三天
3.make
a
decision?
做个决定
4.cycle
there
骑车去那儿
5.choose
proper
vehicles
选择合适的交通工具
6.find
out
the
information
查出信息
7.the
cost
for
the
train?
火车的费用
8.ask
the
airline
over
the
phone?
在电话里咨询航空公司
9.decide
on
the
best
way
to
travel?
决定旅行的最佳方式
10.book
a
train
ticket
to
Mount
Tai
订一张去泰山的火车票
11.How
much
does
it
cost
to
get
to
Mount
Tai
by
plane??
坐飞机去泰山要花费多少钱21cnjy.com
12.How
long
does
it
take
to
get
there?到那儿要花费多少时间？
13.a
ticket
at
145
for
the
hard
sleeper?
一张票价为145元的硬座票
14.pay
for
the
tickets?
为这些票买单
15.a
room
with
air
conditioner一个有空调的房间
16.a
standard
room
wi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)th
two
single
beds=a
standard
room
for
two
people一间双人间【版权所有：21教育】
17.a
room
without
a
bathroom一个没有浴室的房间
18.the
conditions
here这儿的条件
19.see
the
mountains
from
the
windows从窗外看到山
20.make
you
feel
comfortable
使你感到舒适
21.It's
common
to
raise
money
in
Canadian
schools.?
在加拿大学校筹钱是普遍的
22.a
special
way
to
raise
money?
一种筹钱的特殊方式
23.It
costs
each
student
one
dollar
to
buy
a
ticket.
=Each
student
spends
one
dollar
buying
a
ticket.
=Each
student
pays
one
dollar
for
a
ticket.
花费每个学生一元买一张票
24.花费钱可以用spend,cost,和pay
花费时间可以用spend和take
25.greet
sb.?
问候某人
26.call
home?
打电话回家
27.order
a
special
lunch?
定一顿特别的午餐
28.serve
to
sb.?
把…端给某人
29.be
different
from?
与…不同
30.advise
sb.
to
do?
建议某人做某事
31.put
on
a
show?
表演一部剧
32.look
forward
to
hearing
from
you?
期待收到你的来信
33.sell
newspapers?
卖报纸
34.on
the
third
day
of
our
trip在我们旅行的第三天
35.land
safely?
安全着陆
36.on
the
top
of
the
mountain?
在山顶上
37.an
interesting
place
to
visit?
一个参观的有趣的地方
38.pleasant
weather?
令人愉悦的天气
39.the
next
day?
第二天
40.use…to
do
/for
doing?
使用…做某事
【词形转换】
1.comfort
v.安慰，抚慰
n.安慰舒服
comfortable
adj.舒服的，安逸的
2.Canada
n.加拿大
Canadian
adj.加拿大的，加拿大人的
n.加拿大人
3.proper
adj.正确的，恰当的
properly
adv.适当地。正确地
4.difficult
adj.困难的
difficulty
n.[U]困难
n.[C]各种困难
【语言点】
1.
I
have
some
exciting
news
to
tell
you.
我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。?2·1·c·n·j·y
to
tell
you
是动词不定式短语，
作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：?【出处：21教育名师】
I
have
nothing
to
talk
about.
He
has
a
lot
of
work
to
do.
2.
Sounds
great!=
It
sounds
great!
听起来不错。?
3.
We
will
go
on
a
two-day
visit
to
Mount
Tai.
我们将要去泰山玩两天。?
go
on
a
visit
to
去参观/旅游?
They
went
to
a
visit
to
Egypt
last
year.?
类似有：
go
on
a
trip
/
go
on
a
picnic
a
two-day
visit
为期两天的旅行?
a
two-month
holiday
两个月的假期?
an
eighteen-year-old
boy
一个18岁的男孩?
4．It's
hard
to
say.
这很难说。
to
say
是动词不定式作主语，It
是形式主语。?
如：It's
nice
to
meet
you.
5.
I'll
ask
the
airline
over
the
phone.
我将打电话问问航空公司。
over
在……上?over
the
phone=
by
phone
6.
Bring
back
your
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
information
to
class
tomorrow
and
we'll
decide
on
the
best
way
to
go
on
our
field
trip.
明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。?
bring
back
带回。
Please
bring
back
your
library
books
tomorrow.
decide
on/upon
sth
决定，选定?
We're
trying
to
decide
on
a
school.?
7.It'
too
far
to
cycle
there.【
too……to……太……而不能……】
8.How
long
does
it
take
to
get
to
Mount
Tai
by…？乘……去泰山要花多长时间？?
9．How
much
does
it
cost
to
go
there
?去那里要花多少钱？?
How
much
does
a
standard
room
cost
?
一个标准间的价格是多少？?
10.We
have
tickets
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
at
120
yuan
for
the
hard
sleeper
and
180
yuan
for
the
soft
sleeper.?我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。?
at
意为“以……”，一般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for
意为“供，适合于”。
11.
book
tickets
预订票?
book
a
room
for
sb/sth
为……预订房间?
e.g.
We
want
to
book
some
rooms
for
14th.
我们想预订一些14号的房间。?
12
pay
for
支付……的费用
pay
for
sb
to
do
sth
付钱给某人做某事?
e.g.
Her
parents
paid
for
her
to
go
to
America.她的父母支付她去美国的费用.
13.
look
forward
to
doing
sth
盼望/期待做某事?
They
are
looking
forward
to
solving
the
problem.to是介词，后接V-ing。
U6T1SA
1?a
three-day
visit为期三天的参观。数词+名词的单数构成形容词作定语，
类似的短语还有：
girls'
800-meter
race.女子八百米赛跑。
2?find
out发现，查出真相?
e.g.
Can
you
find
out
the
truth
about
it?
你能查出事情的真相吗？
?区分find,
find
out,
look
for?
1)find找到,发现，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，强调找的结果。?
e.g.
I
can't
find
my
shoes.
我找不到鞋子了。
2)find
out找出,发现,查明，多指通过调查询问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚,弄明白”，通常含有困难曲折的过程。【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
?e.g.
We
may
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)never
find
out
the
truth
about
what
happened.?我们也许永远无法弄清发生了什么事。?21教育名师原创作品
3)look
for寻找，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作。
e.g.
I'm
looking
for
my
keys.
I
can't
find
them.?我在寻找我的钥匙。我找不到它们。
3
I'll
ask
the
airline
over
the
phone.
我将打电话问问航空公司。
此句还可说成I'll
phone
and
ask
the
airline.?
phone既可作动词，意为“打电话”，也可作名词，意为“电话，电话机”。
e.g.
May
I
use
the
phone
in
your
office??我可以借用你办公室的电话吗?
4
1)decide
on/upon
决定，选定
e.g.
We're
trying
to
decide
on
a
school.我们正在设法选定一个学校。
2)decide
to
do
sth.决定要做某事?
e.g.
He
decides
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)visit
the
Mount
Huang
this
summer
holiday.?暑假他决定要参观黄山。
5.?the
best
way
to
do...
做……的最好方式，这里的动词作前面名词的定语。
e.g.
The
best
way
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)keep
healthy
is
to
do
more
exercises.?保持健康的最好方式是多做运动。
U6T1SB
1
Kangkang
is
booking
train
tickets
to
Mountain
Tai.?康康正预订到泰山的火车票。
句中的book是动词，意为“订票，预订”,相当于order。
order/book
a
room
for
sb./sth.为……订房间。
e.g.
We
want
to
book
some
rooms
for
14th.
我们想预订一些14号那天的房间。
2
We
have
tickets
at
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)￥145
for
the
hard
sleeper
and
￥224
for
the
soft
sleeper.我们有硬卧票145元，软卧票224元。
1)句中的介词at意为“以……，在……”，一般用于表示价格、比率、年龄、速度等词的前面。
e.g.
He
is
driving
at
70
mph.
他正以时速70英里的速度驾车行驶。
2)句中的for意为“供，适合于”。
e.g.
I've
got
two
tickets
for
the
Cup
Final.
我弄到两张决赛的票。
3.?21
tickets
for
the
hard
sleeper?=21
hard
sleeper
tickets
4.?pay
for支付……的费用
e.g.
I
have
to
pay
for
the
damage.
我不得不赔偿损失。
pay
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
付钱给某人做某事
e.g.
Her
parents
paid
for
her
to
go
to
America.
她的父母支付她去美国的费用。2-1-c-n-j-y
pay
some
money
for
sth.花多少钱买某物
e.g.
I
paid
￥80
for
the
ticket.
我花了80元买这张票。
与pay搭配的词组还有很多。如：
pay
back偿还，还钱（给某人）；
pay
off还清。
U6T1SC
1?borrow
sth.
from
sb.从某人中借来某事物，相对于主语来说是借进来东西。
eg.
Can
I
borrow
some
books
from
you?我能从你那儿借些书吗？
lend
sth.
to
sb.把某物借给某人。相对于主语来说是借出去。
eg.
Can
you
lend
your
pen
to
me?你能把你的铅笔借给我吗？
2?give
a
show演出，作秀。
eg.
The
actors
can
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)give
a
show
out
in
the
open
in
afew
minutes
after
they
arrive.演员到达后，几分钟内就会演出。
give
sb.
a
show
给某人展示。
eg.
Let's
give
our
teachers
a
good
show.让我们给我们的老师们一个良好的展示吧。
eg.The
sun
rises
in
the
east.太阳从东方升起。
3?put
on
上演，穿上
4.?
1)look
forward
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意为“期待，盼望”，其中to是介词，不是不定式符号，后面应接名词、名词性词组、代词或动名词，且常用于进行时。
e.g.
I'm
really
looking
forward
to
our
vacation.
我非常期待假期的到来。
2)hear
from
sb.
=get
a
letter,
telephone
call,
etc.
from
sb.
=
receive
a
letter,
telephone
call,
etc.
from
sb.
收到某人的来信、电话等。
e.g.
I
didn't
hear
f
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rom
my
parents
until
now.
I
miss
them
very
much.?直到现在我才收到父母的来信，我非常想念他们。
U6T1SD
1
take
photos
拍照
2
get
to
=
reach
=
arrive
in/at?
到达某地
3
sometimes
有时候
【重点语法】
1、语法：动词不定式
(1)基本构成形式是“
to
+
动词原形”，如：
to
serve
,
to
work
to
,
to
study
(2)有时可以不带to
，叫做“不带to的动词不定式”，如：
serve
,
work
,study
(3)否定形式为
not
to
do
。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能单独做谓语
2、不定式的形式：
a
.
一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，如：
I'm
glad
to
meet
you
.
b
.
进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，如：
He
pretended
to
be
working
hard
when
mother
came
in
.
c
.
完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，如：
She
seems
to
have
read
the
book
before
.
3、用法：在句中可以做主语，宾语，表语，状语，和宾语补足语
(1)做主语：
a、把不定式置于句首。如：?
To
get
there
by
bike
will
take
us
half
an
hour.?
b、用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：?
①It＋be＋名词＋to
do?
It's
our
duty
to
take
good
care
of
the
old.?
②It
takes
sb
+
some
time
+to
do?
How
long
did
it
take
you
to
finish
the
work??
③It＋be＋形容词＋for
sb＋to
do
逻辑主语
It
is
difficu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)lt
for
us
to
finish
writing
the
composition
a
quarter
of
an
hour.?21
cnjy
com
④It＋be＋形容词＋of
sb＋to
do?
“It
is
stupid
of
you
to
write
down
everything”，
the
teacher
says.?
注意：在③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：
difficult,
easy,
hard,
important,
impossible,
necessary
等；
在④中，常用careless,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
clever,
good,
foolish,
honest,
kind,
lazy,
nice,
right,
silly,
stupid,
wise等
表示赞扬或批评的词，强调对人的评价。在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb
is＋形容词＋to
do句式?，如：
It's
kind
of
you
to
help
me
with
my
English.
=You
are
kind
to
help
me
with
my
English.
⑤It
seems(appears)＋形容词＋to
do?
It
seemed
impossible
to
save
money.?
c、带疑问词的不定式短语作主语
How
to
solve
the
problem
is
hard
for
him.?
(2)做宾语：一般跟在谓
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)语动词后面。begin,
try,
need,
plan,
forget,
decide,
agree,
like
等后面常接动词不定式做宾语。?
(3)做表语：常用来表示预定要发生的动作，一般跟在be
动词之后
eg:
Your
task
is
to
find
out
the
cost
by
bus
(4)做定语：可以用来修饰人和物，放在被修饰词后面。
eg:
The
best
way
to
ge
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
there
is
by
bus.She
wants
a
big
house
to
live
in.
(5)做状语：多表目的，结果，原因
eg:
They
organized
a
show
to
raise
money.(目的状语)
I'm
very
pleased
to
hear
the
good
news.(原因状语)
He
returned
home
to
find
his
wife
waiting
for
him.(结果状语)
(6)做宾语补足语：“动词+宾语+
to
do”??
动词ask,
tell,
inv
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ite,
allow,
wish等后面多接不定式做宾语补足语，其中make,
let,
have等使役动词和see,
watch,
notice,
feel,
hear等感官动词后面接不带to
的不定式做宾语补足语
eg：I
hear
him
sing
in
the
next
room.He
asked
me
to
help
him.
(7)动词不定式可与疑问词how,
what,
which,
where,
when等连用
eg:
I
don't
know
what
to
do.??
2、语法：时间状语从句
引导词有when,
while,
as
,
as
soon
as
,
after,
before,
till
,
until
①when,
while
，as引导的时间状语从句：
when通常指时间点，有时也可指一段时间，表示主句和从句的动作或状态同时发生，谓语动词可用瞬时动词或持续性动词；
while只表示一段时间，因此whil
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
引导的从句的谓语动词要用持续性动词，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。当when引导的从句指一段时间时，when和while可以互换。
as
引导的时间状语从句往往可以
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)与when，while互换，它通常表示动作发生的过程而不是状态，着重主句和从句的动作同时发生，有“随着…”或“一边…一边”之意
?eg:
I'd
like
you
to
meet
him
when
he
arrives.
When/While/As
we
were
dancing,
a
stranger
came
in.
We
always
sing
as
we
walk.?
②before
,
after
引导的时间状语从句
before引导时间状语从句，意为“在…之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前
after引导时间状语从句，意为“在…之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后
③as
soon
as
引导时间状语从句：表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生
eg：I'll
tell
him
about
it
as
soon
as
he
comes
back.
④until,
till
引导的时
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)间状语从句：意为“直到…”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式，当主句的谓语动词是短暂性动词时，主句常用否定形式，?
not…until
直到…才
eg:
You
may
stay
here
till/until
the
rain
stops.
He
didn't
go
to
bed
until
he
finished
his
homework.
⑤时间状语从句的时态：主将从现，主过从过，主现从句可用任意时态
词、词组的用法：
be
busy
doing
sth.:忙于做某事??
she
is
busy
doing
her
homework.
be
busy
with
sth.
：忙于…??
she
is
busy
with
her
homework
across:介词“穿过”，表示动作是在某一物体表面进行??
walk
across
the
street
through：介词“穿过”，表示动作是在某空间内进行??
go
through
the
forest
in
+the
+方位词+of：用于在某一范围内的地区?
Taiwan
is
in
the
southeast
part
of
China
Taiwan
is
in
the
southeast
of
china.?
台湾在中国的东南部（在内部）
on+the
+方位词+of:
用于相互接壤且互不管辖的两个地区?
Heilongjiang
is
on
the
north
of
Jilin.
Taiwan
is
to
the
east
of
Fujian.
台湾在福建的东部。（不接壤）
to
+the
+方位词+of：用于互不接壤且互不管辖的两个地区?
Japan
is
to
the
east
of
China.
Henan
is
on
the
nouth
of
Hubei.
??
河南在湖北的北部。（接壤）
Unit6
Topic2
【重点短语】
1.receive
your
postcard?
收到你的明信片
2.be
glad
to
do
开心做某事
3.enjoy
your
trip
to
Mount
Tai
享受你的泰山之旅
4.be
busy
preparing
for
exams
忙于准备考试
5.on
vacation
度假
6.come
to
China
for
vacation
来中国旅行
7.forty
minutes
later
40分钟之后
8.would
like
you
to
meet
him
with
me
想要你和我一起去见他
9.make
a
plan
to
explore
Beijing
做一个考察北京的计划
10.come
along
with
us
和我们一起来
11.go
to
the
seaside
去海边
12.camp
in
the
forest
在森林野营
13.cover
44000
square
meters
占地44000平方米
14.hold
one
million
people
容纳100万人
15.announce
the
fou
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nding
of
the
People's
Republic
of
China
宣布中华人民共和国成立21·世纪
教育网
16.be
meaningful
to
all
Chinese
people
对全体中国人很有意义
17.can't
wait
to
do
迫不及待做某事
18.the
Monument
to
the
People's
Heroes
人民英雄纪念碑
19.How
far
is
it
from
here
to
Tian'anmen
Square?
从这到天安门广场有多远？
20.It's
one
and
a
half
hours
by
bike.
一小时自行车程。
21.one
and
a
half
hours
一个半小时
22.tour
buses
观光巴士
23.look
for
space
to
park
bikes
寻找停自行车的空间
24.be
surprised
at
对...感到惊讶
25.the
crowd
of
people
人群
26.in
all
directions
四面八方
27.step
on
one's
feet
踩到某人的脚
28.push
one's
way
out
挤出来
29.You
are
too
worried
to
think
about
what
to
do.
你太担心了以至于不能思考要做什么。
30.sit
on
a
step
坐在台阶上
31.raise
one's
head
抬头
32.jump
around
跳起来
33.after
an
hour's
ride
一小时骑程后
34.travel
experiences
旅游经历
35.can't
help
doing
情不自禁做某事
36.
e-mail
sb.
发邮件给某人
37.have
fun
exploring
探索开心
38.lose
the
way/be
lost
迷路
39.ask
the
policeman
for
help
向警察求助
40.run
after
a
goat
追赶一只山羊
【词形转换】
1.north
n.北，北方
northern
adj.北方的,北部的
2.mean
v.意味着
meaning
n.意义,含义
meaningful
adj.重要的，重大的，意味深长的
3.crowd
n.[C]人群
v.拥挤
crowded
adj.拥挤的
4.experience
v.经历
n.经历[C];经验[U]
experienced
adj.有经验的
【语言点】?
1.?be
busy
doing
sth,/
be
busy
with
sth
忙于做某事?
e.g.I’m
busy
preparing
for
my
birthday
party
these
days.?
(2)
while
当……时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。
?e.g.While
my
mother
was
cooking
,
I
was
watching
TV.?
2.to
the
+方位词+of
(表示互不接壤)
Japan
is
to
the
east
of
China.?
?on
the
+方位词+of
(表示相互接壤)
Fujian
is
on
the
south
of
Zhejang
.?
?in
the
+方位词+of
(表示在某一范围内的地区)?
Beijing
is
in
the
north
of
China.?
3.be
surprised
at
对……感到很惊奇
e.g.He
is
surprised
at
dragons.?
be
surprised
to
do
sth
惊奇地做某事?
She
was
surprised
to
find
she
was
lost.?
4.?in
one’s
direction
朝着某人的方向?
step
on
one’s
toes踩了某人的脚?
step
on
sth
踩某物?
Don’t
step
on
the
flowers
and
grass.?
5.?notice
sb
do
sth
注意某人做了某事?
notice
sb
doing
sth注意某人正在做某事?
6.?as
soon
as
“一……就”引导时间状语从句?
?e.g.I’ll
tell
him
as
soon
as
I
see
him.?
7.?can’t
help
doing
sth
忍不住做某事?
e.g.When
I
heard
the
funny
news,
I
couldn’t
help
laughing.?
13.?ask
sb
for
help
向某人求助?
e.g.The
lost
boy
asked
the
police
for
help.?
教材知识详解
1.While
you
were
e
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)njoying
your
trip
to
Mountain
Tai,
I
was
busy
preparing
for
my
exams.你在愉快地游玩泰山的时候，我正忙着准备考试。21世纪教育网版权所有
while在此引导时间语从句，表示持续性的动作或状态，只与延续性动词连用，侧重于表示主句和从句动作同时发生。如：
While
I
was
watching
TV,
Tom
was
doing
his
homework.我看电视时，汤姆正在做作业。
(1)
be
busy
doing
sth.意为“忙于做某事”。如：
I
am
busy
cooking
now.现在我正忙着做饭。
(2)
prepare
for
(
doing)
sth.意为“准备（做）某事”。如：
I
am
preparing
for
making
a
learning
plan.我正在准备制定一项学习计划。
3.
It’s
880
met
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ers
long
from
north
to
south
and
500
meters
wide
from
east
to
west.它南北长880米，东西宽500米。
...(
meters)
long意为“……（米）长”。
...(
meters)
wide意为“……（米）宽”如：
The
desk
is
about
1,
2
meters
long.这张课桌约有1.2米长。
4.It’s
about
one
and
a
half
hours
by
bike.骑自行车大约需要一个半小时。
(1)路程表达法可以采取两种表达方式：
①用长度单位表达。如：
It’s
1
000
kilometers
away
from
Shanghai,这儿离上海有1000千米。
②用时间表达。如：
It’s
about
twe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nty
minutes’
walk
from
my
home
to
my
school.从我家到学校步行大约需要20分钟。
(2)
one
and
a
half
hours意为“一个半小时”，还可说成one
hour
and
a
half。
two
or
three两三个；
three
or
four三四个。如：
There
are
about
two
or
three
people
in
the
room.室内大约有两三个人。
5.
The
Chairman
Mao
M
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)emorial
Hall
lies
to
the
southeast
of
the
Great
Hall
of
the
People
while
it
lies
to
the
southwest
of
the
National
Museum.毛主席纪念堂位于人民大会堂东南端，国家博物馆西南。
lie在此意为“（用来表明地理位置）位于”，动名词形式为lying，过去式为lay。如：
Between
the
bank
and
the
supermarket
lies
a
bookstore.银行和超市之间有一家书店。
①lie作为动词还意为“躺，平卧”，其动名
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)词形式为lying，过去式为lay。如：The
cat
was
lying
fast
asleep
by
the
fire.猫卧在炉旁睡得很熟。
I
lay
awake
worrying
about
my
work.因为工作上的烦恼，我躺在床上无法入睡。
②lie意为“撒谎”时，既可作动词，亦可作名词。作动词时，lie的动名词形式为lying，过去式为lied。如：
How
could
you
lie
to
me?你怎么能向我撒谎呢？?
He
is
always
telling
lies.他老是撒谎。
③lay.意为“产卵，下蛋”。其动名词形式为laying，过去式为laid。如：
The
hen
laid
6
eggs
last
week.那只母鸡上星期下了6枚蛋。
6.
The
parking
lot
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)as
full
of
tour
buses,
cars
and
bicycles,
so
they
had
to
look
for
spaces
to
park
their
bicycles.停车场停满旅游大巴，小车和自行车，因此他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方。
space意为“空间；太空，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)宇宙空间；场地”，是不可数名词。当room作不可数名词时意为“空间；余地”。指一般的空间时，space可与room可以互换；但是表示“太空，宇宙空间”时只能用space。如：
Between
the
earth
and
the
moon
there
is
nothing
but
space.地球和月球间只有太空。
There
isn’t
much
room
here.这里没有什么空闲地方了。
7.
While
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
crowd
was
pushing
Darren
in
all
directions,
someone?stepped
on
his
feet.
当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了达伦的脚。
step
on
sb’s
feet
意为“踩了某人的脚”。如：?
She
stepped
on
her
mother’s
feet
in
the
supermarket.她在超市踩了她妈妈的脚。
to
step
onto/off
a
bus上/下公共汽车；
step
by
step
一步一步地。
①push意为“推”，反义词是pull意为“拉”。如：
Push
hard
when
I
tell
you
to.我叫你推时，你就使劲推。
②direction意为“方向，方位”，经常和in搭配，
常用搭配有：in
one’s
direction朝着某人的方向。如：
They
went
off
in
the
direction
of
the
post
office.他们朝邮局的方向去了。
8.
When
Darr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)en
finally
pushed
his
way
out,
he
couldn’t
find
his
friends.当达伦最终挤出人群的时候，他找不到他的两个朋友了。
push
one’s
way意为“挤出去”。如：
You
should
try
and
push
your
way
through
the
crowd.你应该试着从人群中挤过去。
9.
His
heart
was
beating
fast.他的心跳得很快。
beat在此处意为“跳动”，亦有“敲打”之意，表示连续不断的动作。
beat还可意为“打败(某人）”，其搭配为beat
sb
(at
sth.)在（某事）中打败某人。如：
He
beat
me
at
chess.他下棋赢了我。
10.As
soon
as
the
thr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ee
boys
saw
each
other,
they
all
jumped
around
happily.?这三个孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。
as
soon
as总为“一……就……”，引导从句表示：从句动作一发生，主句动作随即就发生了。如：
The
students
all
ran
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)out
of
the
classroom
as
soon
as
the
bell
rang.铃声一响，同学们就奔出教室。
11.They
were
ver
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
cute
and
we
couldn’t
help
watching
them.它们太可爱了，我们都忍不住观看起它们来。
can’t
help
doing
sth.意为“禁不住/忍不住做某事”。如：
When
Jane
heard
the
news,
she
couldn’t
help
crying.当简听到这个消息时，她忍不住哭了。
help
sb.
(to)
do
sth./help
sb.
with
sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。
12.While
we
were
havi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
fun
exploring,
I
found
that
Darren
was
lost.当我们兴致勃勃考察时，我发现达伦不见了。
have
fun
(in)
doing
sth.意为“从某事中获得乐趣”。如：
She
has
fun
(in)
learning
English.她从英语中获得乐趣。
【重点语法】
时间状语从句?
1.引导词：
（1）
when,
while
,
as当……时候.
?when
后可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词；while
后跟延续性动词；as
多用于口语，
强调同一时间，或一前一后。?
?e.g.
While
the
stud
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ents
were
talking
in
the
classroom
,
the
teacher
came
in.?学生在教室里谈话时，老师进来了。?
?e.g.
Mother
always
sings
as
she
cooks
dinner
for
us.
妈妈总是边给我们做饭边唱歌。?
（2）not
…
until
直到……才not……until
直到……为止
e.g.I
won’t
leave
here
until
the
rain
stops.?
e.g.He
didn’t
sleep
until
his
mother
came
back
home.?
（3）
after
在……之后，before
在……之前，as
soon
as
一……就?
?e.g.
I
went
to
sleep
after
I
finished
my
homework..
?=
I
finished
my
homework
before
I
went
to
sleep.?
?e.g.As
soon
as
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
bell
rings
,
the
students
will
go
into
the
classroom.?www-2-1-cnjy-com
2.
时态?
(1)当主句为一般过去时时，从句常用过去的某种时态。?
While
I
was
doing
my
homework
,
the
telephone
rang.?
(2)当主句的时态为一般将来时，
从句用一般现在时。?
I
will
call
you
as
soon
as
I
get
to
Beijing.?
if引导的条件状语从句。
例句：
If
people
obey
the
traffic
rules,
there
will
be
fewer
accidents.?21教育网
If
we
break
the
traff
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ic
rules,
we
will
get
a
fine
and
even
be
in
danger.
If
you
don’t
ride
carefully,
an
accident
may
happen
to
you.
If
you
ride
on
the
street,
you
must
be
careful.
If
an
accident
happens，you
may
get
hurt.
If
we
ride
at
n
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ight,
we
should
have
lights
on
the
bicycle
or
wear
light-colored
clothes.?
注意：条件状语从句同时间状语从句一样，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g.
If
it
doesn’t
rain
tomorrow,
we’ll
go
to
the
park.
He
won’t
be
able
to
catch
up
with
us
unless
he
runs
faster.
Unit6
Topic3
【重点短语】
1.know
about
the
traffic
in
Beijing
了解北京的交通
2.be
afraid
of
riding
害怕骑自车
3.feel
a
little
more
confident
感到更自信一点
4.obey
the
traffic
rules
遵守交通规则
5.fewer
accidents
更少的事故
6.save
energy
节能
7.cause
air
pollution
导致空气污染
8.use
bikes
for
work
用自行车为了工作
9.just
for
fun
仅为娱乐
10.need
less
space
than
cars
需要比汽车更少的空间
11.have
an
accident
发生交通事故
12.be
hurt
受伤?
13.send
sb.
to
the
hospital
送某人去医院
14.ask
about
询问
15.come
out
and
have
a
look
出来看看
16.wear
helmets
戴头盔
17.have
lights
on
the
bikes
在车上装灯
18.wear
light-colored
clothes
穿浅色衣服
19.break
the
traffic
rules
破坏交通规则
20.get
a
fine
收到罚单
21.make
a
wrong
turn
转错弯
22.the
left-hand
side
左手边
23.park
your
car
in
the
wrong
place
违停
24.will
be
not
able
to
将不会
25.take
advantage
of
利用
26.one
of
the
most
important
vehicles
最重要的交通工具之一
27.help
people
become
healthy
帮助人们变健康
28.make
the
riders'
hearts
and
lungs
strong
使骑手的心肺强壮
29.be
good
for
the
environment
对环境有好处
30.share
sth.
with
sb.
共享
31.notice
sb.
注意到某人
32.pay
attention
to
the
traffic
around
them
注意他们周围的交通
33.the
traffic
signals
交通信号
34.the
safety
rules
安全规则
35.protect
their
heads
保护他们的头
36.in
case
of
an
accident
万一事故发生
37.a
serious
injury
严重的受伤
38.call
120
for
help
打120求助
39.give
fist
aid
施急救
40.in
a
word
总之
41.make
a
call=call
sb.=ring
sb.
up=make
a
phone
call
打电话
42.lend
one's
name
to
以...的名字命名
43.empty
into
流入
44.have
the
highest
altitude
among
the
races
在自行车比赛中有着最高的海拔【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
45.total
time
总时
【词形变化】
1.pollute
v.污染
pollution
n.污染
2.care
v./n.照顾，关心?
careful
adj.仔细的，小心的?
carefully
adv.仔细地?
careless
adj.粗心的
3.safe
adj.安全的n.保险箱?
safely
adv.安全地?
safety
n.安全
4.win
v.赢得，获胜
winner
n.获胜者
5.center
n.中心，中央
central
adj.中心的，中央的
6.break
v.打破，弄坏
broken
adj.破损的，伤残的，出了毛病的
7.die
v.死亡
dead
adj.死亡的?
death
n.死，死亡?
dying
adj.垂死的
【语言点】
1.
When
I
first
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)arrived,
I
was
afraid
of
riding
my
bike
anywhere.当我刚来时，在哪儿都不敢骑自行车。
anywhere在表示“任何地方”时可用于肯定句。常用于疑问句和否定句中，代替somewhere，意为“任何地方”。如：?
An
accident
can
happen
anywhere.任何地方都可能发生事故。
everywhere意为“到处，处处”，相当于here
and
there。如：
He
follows
me
everywhere.我无论去哪他都跟着。
I
can’t
find
it
anywhere.我在哪儿都找不到它。?
Did
you
go
anywhere
interesting?你去过什么有趣的地方吗？
2.Cycling
can
help
us
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)save
energy
and
it
doesn’t
cause
air
pollution.骑自行车能帮助我们节约能源，并且不会造成空气污染。21·cn·jy·com
(1)
save
energy意为“节约能源”，
save
time节约时间；
save
money省钱；
save
one’s
life意为“救某人的命”。
如：We
should
turn
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)off
lights
after
school
to
save
energy.放学后，我们要关灯以节约能源。21
cnjy
com
(2)
air
pollution意为“空气污染”。
water
pollution
水污染；
noise
pollution
噪音污染；
light
pollution光污染。
pollute
v.污染；polluter
n.污染源，污染者。如：
The
factory
caused
air
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
pollution
terribly
in
the
area.这个工厂导致该地区空气严重污染。
3.
If
we
break
the
tra
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ffic
rules,
we
may
get
a
fine
and
even
be
in
danger.如果我们违反交通规则，我们可能会被处以罚金，甚至会处于危险之中。
(1)
break
the
traffic
rules
意为“违反交通规则”。如：
If
you
break
the
tra
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ffic
rules,
the
penalties
are
severe.如果你违反交通规则，处罚会很严厉。
(2)
get
a
fine意为“被处以罚金”，fine作名词“罚金”。fine也可作动词“处以罚金”。如：
He
got
a
?
50
fine
for
parking
in
the
wrong
place.他因把车停错地方被罚款五十元。（名词）
The
policeman
fined
him
50
yuan
for
speeding.因超速警察罚了他五十元。（动词）
4.
Bicycle
riding
can
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)make
the
riders’
hearts
and
lungs
strong.自行车运动能使骑车者的心肺更强健。
(1)
bicycle
riding在此是
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)动名词短语作主语，动名词作主语谓语动词用单数。如：Doing
eye
exercises
is
good
for
your
eyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
(2)
make
sb.
/sth.
+
adj意为“使某人（某物）”……。如：
Let’s
work
ha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rd
and
make
our
country
beautiful
and
strong.让我们努力工作，使我们的国家变得美丽、富强。
5.
Drivers
do
not
always
notice
bicycles.司机们总是不太注意自行车。
notice“看到，注意到，意识到”。如：
I
noticed
that
she
was
wearing
a
new
dress.我注意到她穿了一件新裙子。
(1)
notice
sb.
do
sth.意为“看见某人做了某事”。如：
I
noticed
them
run
every
morning.我看到他们每天早上跑步。
(2)notice
sb.
doing
sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”。如：
I
noticed
the
boy
reading
in
the
classroom.我注意到这个男生正在教室里读书。
(3)
notice
+
that
从句。如：
I
noticed
that
they
are
flying
kites.我看到他们正在放风筝。“
(4)notice还可作名词，意为“布告，通知，注意”。如：
The
notice
says
“No
Smoking!”公告牌上写着“禁止吸烟”！
6.
So
bicycle
riders
m
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ust
pay
attention
to
the
traffic
around
them
and
know
traffic
signals.因此骑车者必须注意周围车辆并了解交通信号的含义。
pay
attention
to.....“对……住意，对……当心”。如：
Please
pay
attention
to
your
clothing
at
the
meeting.开会时请注意你的衣着。
7.
In
case
of
an
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ccident,
bicycle
riders
should
know
how
to
give
first
aid.万一发生事故，骑车者应该懂得如何进行急求。
(1)
in
case
of意为“如果，假使”。如：
In
case
of
earthquakes,
run
to
the
open
air.万一发生地震，要跑向户外开阔地带。
(2)
give
first
aid意为“急救”。如：
Doctors
gave
fist
aid
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)to
the
child
in
time
and
he
was
saved.医生们对孩子及时施以急救，孩子得救了。
8.In
a
word,
the
best
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)way
to
be
safe
is
to
be
careful.总之，保持安全的最好方法就是小心谨慎。
(1)
in
a
word意为“总之，一句话”。如：
In
a
word,
you
must
try
to
finish
the
work
soon.总之，你必须尽快完成这项工作。
(2)
to
be
safe意为“保持安全”，是动词不定式作后置定语；to
be
careful意为“小心谨慎”，是动词不定式作表语。如：
The
fastest
way
to
tr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)avel
to
Yunnan
is
by
plane.去云南旅游，最快的方式就是乘飞机。（作定语）
My
task
is
to
keep
the
room
clean.我的任务就是保持房间清洁。（作表语）
9.
Qinghai
Lake,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
largest
salt-water
lake
in
China,
lends
its
name
to
the
province
of
Qinghai.青海湖是中国最大的盐水湖，青海省也因此而得名。
lend...
to...意为“借……给……”。如：
—Could
you
lend
your
dictionary
to
me?你能把你的词典借给我吗？
—Sure,
here
you
are.当然可以，给你。
10.Today
the
rac
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
covers
around
2
000
miles.
There
are
21
timed
stages
over
three
weeks.如今，自行车赛的路程长达2000英里。有21个计时赛段，历时3周多。
(1)
cover此处是动词，意为“包括，包含；涉及”；cover还有“覆盖，遮盖”之意。
其常见搭配为
cover
sth.
(in/with
sth.)；
be
covered
with意为“被……覆盖着”。如：
The
survey
covers
all
aspects
of
the
business.调查涉及这家企业的各个方面。
The
wind
blew
in
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)from
the
desert
and
covered
everything
with
sand.风从沙漠那边吹来把一切都蒙上了一层沙子。
The
roads
were
covered
with
snow.路上覆盖着雪。?
(2)
timed是动词的过去分词作形容词，意为“计时的”，类似的还有broken(坏了的），left(剩余的)等。如：
a
beautifully
timed
shot
把握时机的一击
【语法点】?
1.
If
people
obey
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
traffic
rules
,
there
will
be
fewer
accidents.?如果人们都遵守交通规则，交通事故将会减少。?
这是if
引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。?
2.
.I
feel
a
little
more
confident.
我感到自信多了。
more
confident
是比较级?
3.
be
popular
with
受……欢迎?
4.
The
way
to
success
成功之路?
success
in
doing
sth
在……成功?
e.g.I
didn’t
have
much
success
in
finding
a
job.
我找工作没什么结果。?
?5.?It
seems
+形容词+to
do
sth做某事似乎……?
e.g.She
always
seems
to
be
sad.?
【重点语法?】
条件状语从句?
1.条件状语从句由if（如果），unless(除非)等
引导的，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。?www.21-cn-jy.com
结构：主句
+if+
从句?
will
(must,
should,
may)
一般现在时?
如：I
won’t
go
if
he
doesn’t
go
.
We
will
pass
the
exam
if
we
study
hard.?
We
won’t
pass
the
exam
unless
we
study
hard..?
2.
祈使句+and/or
引导的结果句，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。?
如：Hurry
up,
or
you’ll
be
late.
=
If
you
don’t
hurry
up,
you’ll
be
late.
=You’ll
be
late
unless
you
hurry
up.
Study
hard,
and
you
will
pass
the
exam.
=
If
you
study
hard,
you
will
pass
the
exam.
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
HYPERLINK
"http://www.21cnjy.com/"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)