(共55张PPT)
Unit
5
First
aid
主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习
Words:about
290;Time:6
minutes
【语篇导读】具备一定的急救知识在关键时刻可以帮助人们争取救援时间。但应该如何展开急救呢?
Have
you
ever
thought
of
a
situation
where
as
an
untrained
lay
person,you
found
yourself
in
a
road
traffic
accident
scene
and
thought
within
yourself
that
you
couldn’t
possibly
offer
any
assistance?After
all,you
are
not
trained
and
you
are
not
sure
of
what
to,or
not
to
do.
Okay
then,how
about
some
common
sense?Yes,common
sense!
The
following
“first
aid
sense”
applies
in
many
emergency
situations.
First,stay
at
a
safe
distance
from
the
scene.
①Assess
the
risks
involved.This
is
not
a
formal
assessment,just
a
quick
use
of
your
“head”.Be
sure
that
you
can
get
close
safely,if
you
choose
to
help.Look
around
for
②elements
that
can
make
the
emergency
worse.
Call
the
Emergency
Response
Services
as
soon
as
possible
and
give
as
many
details
as
possible.?
In
a
road
traffic
accident,for
example,get
close
safely
and
look
for
③casualties
that
might
have
been
thrown
off
and
hidden
in
unsafe
places
such
as
beneath
the
cars.
Moving
the
casualties
is
often
not
the
first
thing
to
do,especially
when
one
is
untrained.So,try
to
respond
to
the
casualties’
need
where
possible
in
the
position
they
are
found.Only
move
them
away
from
danger
if
it
is
safe
to
do
so.
Remember,as
much
as
possible,do
not
harm
the
casualties
further.?
Where
ambulance
services
might
be
④delayed,keep
removing
the
casualties’
fear
and
stay
positive.You
might
want
to
keep
in
touch
with
the
Emergency
Response
Services.
Work
with
other
⑤onlookers
and
follow
the
instructions
of
any
trained
person.
Lastly,work
with
the
emergency
⑥responders,when
they
finally
arrive
at
the
scene.You
may
choose
to
help
further,but
only
and
only
if
you
are
asked.?
词海拾贝
①assess
[??ses]
vt.估价,估计;评定,核定
②element
[?el?m?nt]
n.因素
③casualty
[?k??u?ltI]
n.受伤者
④delay
[d??le?]
v.推迟
⑤onlooker
[??nl?k?(r)]
n.旁观者
⑥responder
[rI?sp?nd?(r)]
n.应答者;回答者
典句欣赏
1.Call
the
Emergency
Response
Services
as
soon
as
possible
and
give
as
many
details
as
possible.
尽快给应急服务部门打电话,提供尽可能多的细节。
2.Remember,as
much
as
possible,do
not
harm
the
casualties
further.
记住,尽可能不要进一步伤害伤者。
3.You
may
choose
to
help
further,but
only
and
only
if
you
are
asked.
你可以选择继续提供帮助,但这仅仅限于要求你这么做的情况下。
理解诱思
1.What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.A
Road
Traffic
Accident
B.The
Common
Sense
of
First
Aid
C.The
Emergency
Response
Services
D.Elements
That
Can
Make
the
Emergency
Worse
2.When
you
are
in
a
road
traffic
accident
scene,what
should
you
do?
参考答案:
1.B
2.Staying
at
a
safe
distance
from
the
scene
is
the
first
step.If
I
can
offer
some
help,I
must
make
sure
that
I
can
get
close
safely.Calling
the
Emergency
Response
Services
as
soon
as
possible
is
the
best
choice.What’s
more,I
must
be
sure
not
to
harm
the
casualties
further.Lastly,work
with
the
emergency
responders
if
they
ask
me
to.
?
Section
Ⅰ Warming
Up,Pre-reading,Reading
&
Comprehending
Pre-reading
While-reading
Post-reading
一、词义匹配
A B
1.aid
a.too
painful
to
stand
2.injury
b.to
flow
quickly
3.complex
c.help
or
support
4.unbearable
d.hard
to
understand
5.pour
e.physical
harm
or
damage
6.damp
f.to
press
something
firmly
7.squeeze
g.slightly
wet
8.swell
h.to
become
bigger
or
rounder
9.variety
i.a
different
kind
of
something
10.mild
j.not
violent,not
extreme
答案:1.c 2.e 3.d 4.a 5.b 6.g 7.f 8.h 9.i 10.j
Pre-reading
While-reading
Post-reading
二、短语识义
1.squeeze
out
?
2.in
place
?
3.fall
ill
?
4.over
and
over
again
?
5.electric
shock
?
三、词汇延伸
1.poison
n.毒药;毒害 vt.毒害;使中毒→ adj.有毒的;有害的?
2.injury
n.损伤;伤害→
vt.使受伤→ adj.受伤的?
榨出;挤出
在适当的位置;适当
生病
反复;多次
触电;电休克
poisonous
injure
injured
Pre-reading
While-reading
Post-reading
四、当我们碰到意外发生的时候,可以采取哪些措施
1.?
2.?
3.?
4.?
5.?
答案:略
Pre-reading
While-reading
Post-reading
五、阅读课文“FIRST
AID
FOR
BURNS”,按照正确的顺序排列下列话题
the
three
types
of
burns?
what
to
do
if
someone
gets
burned?
the
functions
of
the
skin?
the
symptoms
of
burns?
how
we
get
burned?
答案:3,5,1,4,2
Pre-reading
While-reading
Post-reading
六、阅读课文“FIRST
AID
FOR
BURNS”,回答下列问题
1.What
is
your
body’s
largest
organ?
A.The
head.
B.The
skin.
C.The
leg.
D.The
arm.
2.How
many
types
of
burns
are
there
altogether?
A.One.
B.Two.
C.Three.
D.Four.
3.Before
the
medical
help
can
be
got,what
should
you
do?
A.To
remove
the
victim
from
the
source
of
the
burn.
B.To
remove
the
victim’s
clothing
stuck
to
the
burned
area.
C.To
break
the
blisters
to
prevent
the
victim
from
getting
infected.
D.To
try
to
keep
the
heat
of
the
burned
area.
答案:B
答案:C
答案:A
Pre-reading
While-reading
Post-reading
4.What
are
characteristics
of
first
degree
burns?
A.Black
and
white
and
charred.
B.Rough,red
and
swollen.
C.Rough,red
and
dry.
D.Dry,red
and
mildly
swollen.
5.When
someone
is
burned,what
should
be
done
first?
A.Remove
clothing.
B.Dry
the
burned
area
gently.
C.Cool
burns
immediately.
D.Get
the
victim
to
the
doctor
or
hospital.
答案:D
答案:A
Pre-reading
While-reading
Post-reading
七、阅读课文“FIRST
AID
FOR
BURNS”,完成下列短文
There
are
three
1. (type)
of
burns.They
are
called
first,second
or
third
degree
burns,depending
on
2.
layers
of
the
skin
are
burned.?
First
degree
burns
affect
only
3.
top
layer
of
the
skin.These
burns
4. (be)not
serious
and
should
feel
5. (good)
within
a
day
or
two.Examples
include
mild
sunburn
and
burns
caused
by
6.
(touch)
a
hot
pan,stove
or
iron
for
a
moment.?
Second
degree
burns
affect
7.
the
top
and
the
second
layer
of
the
skin.These
burns
are
serious
and
take
a
few
weeks
to
heal.Examples
include
severe
sunburn
and
burns
8. (cause)
by
hot
liquids.?
types
which
the
are
better
touching
both
caused
Pre-reading
While-reading
Post-reading
Third
degree
burns
affect
all
three
layers
of
the
skin
and
any
tissue
and
organs
9.
the
skin.Examples
include
burns
caused
by
electric
shocks,burning
clothes,or
severe
petrol
fires.These
burns
cause
very
severe
10. (injure)
and
the
victim
must
go
to
hospital
at
once.?
under
injuries
1.First
aid
is
a
temporary
form
of
help
given
to
someone
who
suddenly
falls
ill
or
gets
injured
before
a
doctor
can
be
found.(P33)
急救是在找到医生之前,对突然病倒或受伤人员的一种临时救助。
剖析who引导一个定语从句:who
suddenly
falls
ill
or
gets
injured;过去分词短语given
to
someone在句子中做定语,可以改为定语从句:that/which
is
given
to
someone。
①To
return
to
the
problem
of
water
pollution,I’d
like
you
to
look
at
a
study
conducted
in
Australia
in
2012.
为了回到水污染问题,我想让你看一看2012年在澳大利亚进行的一项研究。
②Donald
Trump,born
in
June,1946,was
elected
American
President.
出生于1946年6月的唐纳德·特朗普当选美国总统。
★考点一 aid
n.&
vt.帮助;援助;资助
③I
believe
they
will
come
to
our
aid.
我相信他们会来帮助我们。
归纳词组come
to
one’s
aid的意义是“来帮助某人”。
④Holker
once
again
opens
its
gardens
in
aid
of
the
disadvantaged.
Holker再次开放了其公园以此来帮助弱势群体。
归纳词组in
aid
of的意义是“用以援(资)助,作为援(资)助……之用”。
⑤The
people
all
over
the
world
aided
them
with
money,medicine
and
other
things.
全世界人民在金钱、药品和其他物品方面援助他们。
归纳词组aid
sb.with
sth.的意义是“在某方面帮助某人”。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及意义
⑥We
may
travel
with
the
aid
of
a
good
map.
=We
may
travel
with
a
good
map’s
aid.
搭配
with
the
aid
of
sb./sth.=with
sb.’s/sth.’s
aid?
意义
在某人/某物的帮助下
⑦It
is
necessary
to
learn
how
to
give/do
first
aid.
搭配
give/do
first
aid 意义
(对伤患者)进行急救?
⑧They
aided
us
in
solving
the
problem.
搭配
aid
sb.in
doing
sth. 意义
帮助某人做某事?
come
to
one’s
aid
来帮助某人
in
aid
of
用以援助,作为援助……之用
aid
sb.with
sth.在某方面帮助某人
with
the
aid
of
sb./sth.=
with
sb.’s/sth.’s
aid
在某人/某物的帮助下
give/do
first
aid进行急救
aid
sb.in
doing
sth.帮助某人做某事
★考点二 injure
vt.伤害;损害
⑨A
month
before
my
first
marathon,one
of
my
ankles
was
injured
and
this
meant
not
running
for
two
weeks.
第一次马拉松比赛之前一个月,我的一只脚踝受了伤,这就意味着两周之内不能跑步。
⑩These
chemicals
come
from
the
injured
parts
of
the
plant
and
seem
to
be
an
alarm.
这些化学成分来自植物受伤的部分,这似乎是一个警报。
11
Make
sure
you
don’t
over
train.You
don’t
want
to
get
injured
before
the
competition.
别过度训练了。你不会想在比赛前受伤吧。
归纳
get
injured
的含义是“受伤”。
12
After
the
traffic
accident,people
rushed
to
help
the
injured.
交通事故发生后,人们快速前来帮助伤者。
归纳
the
injured
的含义是“受伤的人;伤员”。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
13
They
are
required
to
process
the
food
that
we
eat,to
recover
from
injury
and
for
several
other
bodily
functions.
词性
名词 含义
伤口
14
Your
words
do
an
injury
to
the
little
girl.
你的话对这个小女孩来说是一种伤害。
词性
名词 含义
伤害
2.If
possible,discuss
what
kind
of
first
aid
you
should
give
in
these
situations.(P33)
如果可能的话,讨论一下在这些情况下你们应该实施哪种急救。
剖析if
possible为省略句结构,完整的句子是If
it
is
possible。另外,由once,if,as,unless,though,when等引导的状语从句中,如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致,且从句中谓语动词是be+v.-ed或v.-ing时,其从句结构可省略为连词加v.-ed或v.-ing。
①Call
me
tonight
if
(it
is)
possible.
如果可能的话今晚给我打个电话。
②Whenever
(it
is)
possible,he
will
come
to
my
aid.
他一有可能就来帮助我。
③When
(I
was)
waiting
for
a
bus,I
met
Tom.
我在等公交车时碰到了汤姆。
3.You
have
three
layers
of
skin
which
act
as
a
barrier
against
disease,poisons
and
the
sun’s
harmful
rays.(P33)
皮肤有三层,它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。
剖析句中的which引导定语从句,修饰three
layers
of
skin。
★考点 poison
n.毒药;毒害 vt.
毒害;使中毒
①It
is
a
deadly
poison
and
if
he
drank
it
he’d
probably
die.
这是一种致命的毒药,他要是喝下去很可能会丧命。
②Large
sections
of
the
river
have
been
poisoned
by
toxic(有毒的)
waste
from
factories.
工厂的有毒废弃物污染了大面积的河流。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
③Jealousy
poisoned
their
friendship.
词性
动词 含义
破坏
④If
she
had
been
aware
that
the
mushrooms
were
poisonous,she
would
not
have
picked
them
for
dinner.
词性
形容词 含义
有毒的
4.You
can
get
burned
by
a
variety
of
things:hot
liquids,steam,fire,radiation(by
being
close
to
high
heat
or
fire,etc.),the
sun,electricity
or
chemicals.(P34)
你可能由于各种原因而被烧伤:灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。
★考点一 variety
n.变化;多样(化);多变(性)
①【高考典句】(2019·天津高考)Most
of
us,in
fact,progressively
narrow
the
variety
of
our
lives.
事实上,我们中的大多数人逐渐缩小了生活的范围。
②Join
us
to
taste
a
variety
of
fresh
local
food
and
drinks.
加入我们来品尝各种各样新鲜的地方饮食。
③At
school
we
learn
varieties
of
things.
在学校我们学习各种东西。
归纳varieties
of=a
variety
of,意义是“各种各样的”。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
④(2019·北京高考)No
matter
what
you
like
to
do,there
is
a
way
to
get
involved
in
various
activities
on
Earth
Day.
⑤Anger
seems
simple
when
we
are
feeling
it,but
the
causes
of
anger
are
various.
词性
形容词 含义
各种各样的
⑥Prices
vary
according
to
the
type
of
room
you
require.
词性
动词 含义
改变
★考点二 close
to
靠近;接近
⑦Stay
close
to
your
teacher
and
classmate.
靠近你的老师和同学。
⑧I
live
close
to
the
post
office.
我住的地方离邮局近。
归纳close
to常与get,live,be等动词连用,其中close可以是形容词,也可以是副词。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的意义
⑨The
cost
was
close
to
$1
million.
意义
接近于/差不多
⑩He
looks
much
older
when
you
see
him
close
to.
意义
从近处
5.Remove
clothing
using
scissors
if
necessary
unless
it
is
stuck
to
the
burn.(P34)
除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。
剖析本句是一个复合句,unless引导的是一个条件状语从句。using
scissors在句子中做方式状语。
★考点一 unless
conj.如果不,除非
①【高考典句】(2019·天津高考)Tom
is
so
independent
that
he
never
asks
his
parents’
opinion
unless
he
wants
their
support.
汤姆是如此的独立以至于他从不询问父母的意见,除非他需要他们的帮助。
②Unless
you
change
your
mind,I
won’t
be
able
to
help
you.
=If
you
don’t
change
your
mind,I
won’t
be
able
to
help
you.
除非你改变想法,否则我不能帮助你。
③You
should
keep
working
unless
I
tell
you
to
stop.
=You
should
keep
working
if
I
don’t
tell
you
to
stop.
除非我叫你停,否则你就得继续干。
考点延伸
④If
you
hadn’t
helped
me,I
would
have
been
killed
in
the
accident.
如果你没有帮我,我就会在事故中丧生了。(虚拟语气,不能用unless改写)
归纳unless
不可用于假想的事情,因此当if...not引导非真实条件状语从句时,一般不用unless替换。
★考点二 stick
to
坚持;固守
⑤If
you
work
out
bright
and
early
in
the
morning,you
will
be
more
likely
to
stick
to
healthy
food
choices
throughout
the
day.
如果你早上锻炼的话,你更可能一整天都坚持健康的食物选择。
⑥Everyone
shall
stick
to
his
word.
每个人都应该信守诺言。
6.Hold
the
bandage
in
place
with
tape.(P35)
用胶布把绷带固定。
★考点 in
place在适当的位置;适当
①Then
lay
the
tube
in
place
so
that
one
end
rests
all
the
way
in
the
cup.
然后把管子放在合适的位置,这样一端就一直倚靠在杯子中。
②Mary’s
dress
was
quite
in
place
at
the
ceremony.
玛丽的礼服非常适合那个典礼。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及意义
③Plastics
are
often
used
in
place
of
wood
or
metal.
搭配
in
place
of 意义
代替
?
④Everything
in
the
room
is
out
of
place.
搭配
out
of
place 意义
在不适当的位置
?
⑤(2019·全国Ⅲ高考)This
development
did
not
take
place
overnight.
搭配
take
place 意义
发生/举行
?
⑥Do
you
think
the
Internet
can
take
the
place
of
newspapers?
=Do
you
think
the
Internet
can
be
in
newspapers’
place?
搭配
take
the
place
of=be
in
one’s
place 意义
代替;替代?
in
place在适当的位置;适当
in
place
of代替
out
of
place在不适当的位置
take
place发生,举行
take
the
place
of=be
in
one’s
place代替;替代
?
7.If
the
injuries
are
second
or
third
degree
burns,it
is
vital
to
get
the
victim
to
the
doctor
or
hospital
at
once.(P35)
如果属于二度或三度烧伤,就必须立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院。
剖析句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是to
get
the
victim...at
once。it经常用来代替不定式或从句,做形式主语或形式宾语。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出句子的主语,并翻译句子
①It
is
more
difficult
to
relax
and
have
a
peaceful
sleep
when
you
are
very
excited.
主语
to
relax
and
have
a
peaceful
sleep
when
you
are
very
excited?
翻译
当你兴奋的时候,更难放松下来平静地睡一觉。
②It
worried
her
a
lot
that
her
son
didn’t
say
much
at
home
recently.
主语
her
son
didn’t
say
much
at
home
recently?
翻译
近来她的儿子在家很少说话,这让她很担心。
★考点 vital
adj.极其重要的;必不可少的;生死攸关的
③Technology
is
vital
for
agricultural
development.
对于农业发展来说,技术非常重要。
考点延伸
vital如果用于主语从句,即“It
is
vital
that...”,此时主语从句必须使用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。类似的形容词还有essential,necessary,important,natural等。
④It
was
vital
that
the
children
(should)learn
how
to
operate
the
computers.
孩子们学会如何操作电脑是极其重要的。
8.Sam
broke
the
blisters
and
poured
icy
water
from
the
fridge
onto
the
skin.(P35)
山姆把水泡弄破,然后把冰箱里的冷水浇在皮肤上。
★考点 pour
vt.&
vi.
倒;灌;注;涌
①She
poured
a
glass
of
water.
她倒了一杯水。
②Look!
It’s
going
to
pour.You’d
better
put
your
bike
in
the
garage.
瞧!
要下大雨了。你最好把自行车放在车库。
③The
crowd
poured
out
of
the
concert
hall.
人群从音乐厅涌出来。
考点延伸
阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的含义
④They
have
poured
money
into
the
tourist
industry.
含义
大量投入
一
二
三
一、写作词汇检测
用所学的单词或短语完成下列对话或语篇
1.—What
happened
to
the
old
man?
—He
(噎住)
when
he
ate
his
food
too
quickly.?
2.—What
do
you
think
people
need
to
keep
healthy?
—In
my
opinion,they
need
(多样化)in
our
diet.?
3.—Look
at
the
door.It’s
so
narrow.
—If
I
want
to
go
in,I
have
to
(挤入)through
it.?
4.—Your
injured
ankle
began
to
(肿).You
should
be
careful.?
—Thank
you.I
will.
choked
variety
squeeze
swell
一
二
三
5.When
Tom’s
arm
got
burnt,his
father
used
(剪刀)to
remove
his
clothes.Then
he
covered
the
burned
area
with
a
(绷带)and
told
Tom
to
hold
the
bandage
(在适当的位置).?
scissors
bandage
in
place
一
二
三
二、阅读词汇检测
写出画线部分的汉语意思
Jack
couldn’t
go
to
school
because
of
his
injury
in
an
accident.His
ankles
1.
hurt
and
his
doctor
gave
him
some
medicine.The
doctor
said
that
there
was
nothing
serious
with
Jack’s
ankles
because
first
aid
was
given
in
time.It
is
vital
2.
to
give
first
aid
to
a
person
who
gets
injured,chocked
3.
or
burned.Though
first
aid
is
only
a
temporary
4.
form
of
help,it
can
save
a
person’s
life
in
varieties
of
5.
accidents.?
踝(关节)
至关重要的
(使)噎住;(使)窒息
暂时的;临时的
各种各样的
一
二
三
三、用适当的介词填空
1.A
concert
was
given
aid
of
the
flood
area.?
2.He
left
the
city
for
a
variety
reasons.?
3.If
you
stick
the
truth,you
have
nothing
to
fear.?
4.The
boy
became
upset
because
he
was
prevented
watching
TV.?
5.The
girl
was
quite
pace
in
the
party.?
6.His
support
is
vital
our
project.?
in
of
to
from
in
forSection
Ⅰ
Warming
UpPre-readingReading
&
Comprehending
课后篇巩固提升
一、用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
make
a
list
of fall
ill depend
on act
as be
close
to squeeze
out stick
to prevent...from
1.The
lemon
looks
dry,but
you
may
be
able
to
a
few
drops.?
答案squeeze
out
2.He
might
or
meet
with
some
other
disasters,so
it
is
always
better
to
be
prepared.?
答案fall
ill
3.A
trained
dog
can
a
guide
to
a
blind
person.?
答案act
as
4.Before
going
shopping,you’d
better
the
things
you
have
to
buy.?
答案make
a
list
of
5.His
back
injury
may
him
playing
in
tomorrow’s
game.?
答案prevent;from
6.You
can’t
go
to
the
party
because
it
your
exams.?
答案is
close
to
7.Whether
we
need
more
food
how
many
people
turn
up.?
答案depends
on
8.He
had
five
different
jobs
in
the
last
year
because
he
never
anything
very
long.?
答案sticks
to
二、单句填空
1.The
worker
who
suffered
serious
(injure)to
the
head
and
neck
has
been
sent
immediately
to
the
hospital.?
答案injury
2.Don’t
touch
these
flowers;they
are
(poison).?
答案poisonous
3.There
is
a
of
trees
and
kinds
of
flowers
in
the
park.(vary)?
答案variety;various
4.They
put
quality
the
first
place.?
答案in
5.His
nose
is
(bleed)
and
it
looks
terrible.?
答案bleeding
三、单句改错
1.Let’s
give
first
aid
to
those
who
suddenly
fall
ill
or
get
injuring.
答案injuring→injured
2.Your
skin
prevents
your
body
from
lose
too
much
water.
答案lose→losing
3.You
can
get
burned
by
variety
of
things.
答案在by后加a或variety→varieties
4.He
will
be
in
the
place
of
our
manager.
答案去掉the
5.It
is
vital
that
the
operation
is
carried
out
immediately.
答案第二个is→be/should
be
四、翻译句子
1.他停止了呼吸,我们必须马上对他进行急救。(first
aid)
答案He
has
stopped
breathing.We
must
give
him
first
aid
at
once.
2.我听说张明生病了。(fall
ill)
答案I
heard
that
Zhang
Ming
fell
ill.
3.那天傍晚六点钟开始下起瓢泼大雨来。(pour)
答案At
six
that
evening
it
began
to
pour.
4.如果你不努力工作,就会失败。(unless)
答案You
will
fail
unless
you
work
hard.
5.我许诺我会坚持真理。(stick
to)
答案I
promise
that
I
will
stick
to
the
truth.
6.这种水果对我们的健康是至关重要的。(vital)
答案This
kind
of
fruit
is
vital
for
our
health.
7.她一再告诉我关于她孩子的事情。(over
and
over
again)
答案She
told
me
about
her
child
over
and
over
again.
8.那家商店里有各种各样的玩具。(varieties)
答案There
are
varieties
of
toys
in
that
shop/store.
五、阅读理解
A
Doctors
in
hospital
emergency
rooms(急诊室)
often
see
accidental
poisonings.A
frightened
parent
arrives
with
a
child
who
swallowed
the
cleaning
liquid.Or
perhaps
the
harmful
substance
is
a
medicine.Or
it
might
be
a
product
meant
to
kill
insects.These
are
common
causes
of
accidental
poisoning.
In
cases
like
this,seek
medical
help
as
soon
as
possible.Save
the
container
of
whatever
caused
the
poisoning.And
look
on
the
container
for
information
about
anything
that
stops
the
effects
of
the
poison.Save
anything
expelled
from
the
mouth
of
the
victim.That
way,doctors
can
examine
it.
Millions
of
people
know
how
to
give
abdominal
thrusts(腹部按压)to
save
a
person
choking
on
something
trapped
in
the
throat.The
American
Red
Cross
says
a
rescuer
should
first
hit
the
person
on
the
back
five
times
between
the
shoulder
bones.If
the
airway
is
still
blocked,the
Red
Cross
suggests
pushing
hard
five
times
along
the
victim’s
abdomen.You
can
do
these
abdominal
thrusts
by
getting
directly
behind
a
sitting
or
standing
person.
The
Mayo
Clinic
health
centers
suggest
several
steps
if
bleeding
is
severe.First,if
possible,remove
dirt
from
the
wound
and
press
on
it
with
a
clean
cloth
or
piece
of
clothing.In
the
past,people
were
advised
to
stop
severe
bleeding
with
a
tourniquet(止血带).But
experts
now
say
tourniquets
are
dangerous
because
they
can
crush(挤压)
major
arteries
and
nerves.If
a
wound
seems
infected,let
the
victim
rest.Physical
activity
can
spread
the
infection.Treat
the
wound
with
a
mixture
of
salt
and
water
until
medical
help
arrives.
To
learn
more
about
first
aid,ask
a
hospital
or
an
organization
like
a
Red
Cross
or
a
Red
Crescent
Society
for
information.Training
may
be
offered
in
your
area.
If
you
know
first
aid
methods,you
can
be
calmer
and
more
helpful
in
case
of
emergency.
1.What
does
the
underlined
word
“expelled”
mean?
A.Come
out.
B.Taken
up.
C.Gone
away.
D.Got
down.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。根据画线部分的语境可知,保存好从受害者嘴里排出的东西,以便医生检查。
2.If
there
is
severe
bleeding,you
should
.?
A.cover
the
wound
with
a
tourniquet
B.clean
the
wound
and
try
to
stop
bleeding
C.treat
the
infected
wound
with
salt
D.help
the
victim
do
physical
activity
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“First,ifpossible,removedirtfromthewoundandpressonitwithacleanclothorpieceofclothing.”可知答案为B项。
3.Where
can
you
learn
more
about
first
aid?
A.A
hospital
or
a
Red
Cross.
B.A
hospital
or
a
magazine.
C.A
Red
Cross
or
a
patient.
D.A
Red
Crescent
Society
or
a
book.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Tolearnmoreaboutfirstaid...forinformation.”可知答案为A项。
4.From
the
passage,we
can
know .?
A.now
people
still
use
a
tourniquet
to
stop
bleeding
B.the
container
of
poison
is
not
helpful
to
doctors
C.rest
can
do
good
to
a
wound
infected
D.abdominal
thrusts
are
for
the
unconscious
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第四段可知,以前用止血带,但医生说那对血管不好,所以A项错误;根据第二段可知,带中毒的人去医院,要带着毒药的容器等,所以B项错误;根据第三段腹部按压是治疗喉咙堵塞窒息的人,不是晕倒的人,可知D项错误。故C项符合文意。
B
Schoolgirl
Lorna
O’Brien
was
in
her
kitchen
when
she
looked
out
of
the
window
and
was
terrified(惊恐的)
at
what
she
saw.“Help!”
she
shouted.“There’s
smoke
and
fire
coming
out
of
the
kitchen
window
opposite.”
Her
father,John,ran
across
to
the
house
while
her
15-year-old
brother
Paul
called
the
fire
service.Lorna,16,rushed
across
and
caught
up
with
her
dad,who
had
just
kicked
open
the
front
door.They
looked
upstairs
where
they
saw
smoke
coming
out
of
the
top
flat.Lorna
followed
her
father
into
the
flat,where
they
found
a
pan(平底锅)
on
fire
in
the
kitchen
and
the
young
mother,Mane
Linn,who
had
been
asleep,passed
out(失去意识)
in
the
smoke-blackened
sitting
room.Lorna’s
dad
threw
a
wet
cloth
over
the
pan
and
then
turned
off
the
stove(炉子)
before
starting
to
help
Mane
through
the
smoke
down
the
stairs
to
safety.
Suddenly
Mane
started
crying,“My
baby,my
baby!”“Where’s
the
baby?”asked
Lorna.“In
the
bedroom,”Mane
shouted
back.While
John
pulled
the
crying
mother
from
the
house.Lorna,without
a
thought
for
her
own
safety,turned
back
to
search
for
the
baby.She
found
the
little
girl,14-month-old
Ann,lying
with
her
eyes
closed.
Lorna
quickly
took
the
baby,rushed
downstairs
through
the
fire
and
smoke.“It
didn’t
cross
my
mind
at
the
time
that
I
was
near
to
dying
when
I
rushed
through
the
smoke,”said
Lorna.“I
was
just
thinking
of
the
baby.Even
after
I
came
out
of
the
house,I
wasn’t
frightened.”
When
help
arrived,baby
Ann
and
her
mum
were
taken
to
hospital
for
treatment.It
was
only
when
Lorna
got
back
into
the
safety
of
her
own
house
that
she
realised
the
danger
she
had
faced.“I
started
shaking
all
over
and
thought
of
what
could
have
happened
to
me,”she
said.
5.What
did
Lorna’s
dad
choose
to
do
first
when
he
entered
the
flat?
A.Put
out
the
fire.
B.Turn
off
the
stove.
C.Open
the
windows.
D.Help
Mane
downstairs.
答案A
解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“Theylookedupstairs...downthestairstosafety.”可知,Lorna的父亲进入失火公寓之后,首先扑灭了火源。
6.What
was
the
cause
of
the
fire?
A.Mane
fell
asleep
while
cooking.
B.Ann
was
careless
when
playing
with
fire.
C.Mane
suddenly
passed
out
while
cooking.
D.There
was
something
wrong
with
the
stove.
答案A
解析推理判断题。由第二段中的“theyfoundapan...smoke-blackenedsittingroom”可知,厨房的平底锅着火,而Mane在客厅睡着,并因浓烟失去意识。因此可推断,Mane在做饭时睡着导致平底锅着火。
7.Which
of
the
following
can
best
describe
Lorna
when
she
saved
the
baby?
A.Careful.
B.Patient.
C.Brave.
D.Clever.
答案C
解析推理判断题。由第三段中的“Lorna,withoutathoughtforherownsafety,turnedbacktosearchforthebaby.”和第四段中的“Itdidn’tcrossmymindatthetimethatIwasneartodyingwhenIrushedthroughthesmoke”可知,Lorna救孩子时非常勇敢,一刻也没有想到自己的安危。
8.How
did
Lorna
feel
after
returning
to
her
house?
A.Worried.
B.Frightened.
C.Proud.
D.Relaxed.
答案B
解析细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Itwasonlywhen...shehadfaced.”以及Lorna所说的话可知,Lorna安全回到自己家之后才意识到救人时她面临了很大的危险,并对可能出现的严重后果感到害怕,全身颤抖。
六、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dirty
water
rose
in
wells
and
canals
before
the
earthquake.But
no
one
judged
that
an
earthquake
was
coming.1. (sudden),everything
shook.It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
2.
an
end.Millions
of
brick
houses
and
a
number
of
dams
3. (destroy).Railway
tracks
became
useless
bars.Pipes
in
mines
burst
and
let
out
smelly
steam.Huge
cracks
trapped
cyclists
everywhere.?
The
next
day,this
event
was
the
headline
or
main
title
of
all
newspapers.With
the
reporters
4. (give)
an
outline
of
the
disaster,the
whole
nation
was
shocked
by
the
damage
and
the
victim’s
extreme
5. (suffer).People
were
moved
6.
they
read
that
the
7. (survive)
comforted
each
other
by
saying
“Congratulations!You
survived!”.So
they
not
only
expressed
their
sympathy
sincerely,but
also
organized
together
8. (help)
the
victims
right
away.The
injured
were
rescued
and
the
dead
9. (be)
buried.The
10. (frighten)
people
who
survived
were
dug
out
from
under
the
ruins
and
were
offered
shelter,fresh
water
and
electricity.Thanks
to
people’s
help,the
loss
was
minimized.?
答案1.Suddenly 2.at 3.were
destroyed 4.giving 5.suffering 6.when 7.survivors 8.to
help 9.were 10.frightened
七、短文改错
Dear
John,
I’m
writing
to
tell
you
with
a
piece
of
good
news.A
lecture
about
traffic
safety
was
to
be
held
at
the
school
hall
at
2
pm
on
Saturday.You
are
invited
to
attending
it.You
are
expected
to
arrive
a
few
earlier
so
that
you
will
have
some
extra
time
prepare
for
your
speech.I
can
talk
about
the
traffic
rules
we
should
obey
and
the
dangerous
of
breaking
them.If
necessary,I
can
translate
that
you
speak
into
Chinese
so
that
it
can
be
better
understanding.
There
is
no
doubt
that
your
speech
is
of
great
benefits
to
all
of
us.I’m
looking
forward
to
your
attendance.
Best
wishes.
Yours,
Zhang
Dan
答案
第一句:去掉with
第二句:was→is
第三句:attending→attend
第四句:few→little/bit;prepare前加to
第五句:I→You;dangerous→danger
第六句:第一个that→what;understanding→understood
第七句:benefits→benefit
-
1
-(共27张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ Grammar
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The
rescuers
sent
the
(injure)to
the
nearby
hospital.?
2.Look!His
nose
is
(bleed).?
3.She
got
a
foot
(sprain)when
she
was
playing
football.?
4.The
boy
was
(infect)with
AIDS,a
disease
hard
to
cure.?
5.I
believe
you
can
find
(variety)plants
in
the
forest.?
injured
bleeding
sprain
infected
various
二、完成下列句子(练习省略结构)
1.如果加热,水就会沸腾。
,water
will
boil.?
2.他不像过去那样早起床了。
He
doesn’t
get
up
early
as
he
.?
3.如果我是你,我就不去那儿。
,I
would
not
go
there.?
4.请让你的朋友帮助你。
Please
let
your
friend
.?
5.听起来是个好主意。
a
good
idea.?
If
heated
used
to
Were
I
you
help
you
Sounds
like
三、将下列句子改为省略句
1.Don’t
move
the
broken
leg
if
it
is
possible.
2.He
tried
to
save
the
people
buried
in
the
ruins
as
others
saved
the
people.
3.You
carry
the
heavy
box
for
the
old
man.
4.If
we
had
gone
to
the
party,we
would
have
known
the
fact.
5.Do
you
know
the
gentleman
whom
our
teacher
is
talking
with?
答案:1.Don’t
move
the
broken
leg
if
possible.
2.He
tried
to
save
the
people
buried
in
the
ruins
as
others.
3.Carry
the
heavy
box
for
the
old
man.
4.Had
we
gone
to
the
party,we
would
have
known
the
fact.
5.Do
you
know
the
gentleman
our
teacher
is
talking
with?
省略
一、省略的定义
省略是一种避免重复、保持句子简洁的语法手段。
凡是缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分,但在一定语境中能够独立存在,意义明确,并且能发挥交际功能的句子都是省略句。
一般说来,只要不损害语法结构或者引起歧义,能省略的就应省略。省略不仅使句子结构显得紧凑,而且也是分句和分句之间的承接纽带。
二、省略的用法
1.简单句中的省略
(1)主语的省略
祈使句可省去主语。
①Don’t
be
late
for
supper.
回来吃晚饭不要迟到。
除祈使句外,还有其他省去主语的情况。
阅读下列句子,指出句子省略的主语是什么。
②Haven’t
seen
you
for
ages!
好久不见!
省略了:
?
答案:I
③Looks
like
rain.像是要下雨了。
省略了:
?
答案:It
(2)谓语或谓语的一部分的省略。
阅读下列句子,指出句子省略的谓语是什么。
④Tired?
累了吗?
省略了:
?
答案:Are
you
⑤The
students
still
waiting?学生们还在等吗?
省略了:
?
答案:Are
(3)主语和谓语,或主语和谓语的一部分的省略。
阅读下列句子,指出句子省略了什么。
⑥—The
movie
starts
at
8:30,and
we
can
have
a
quick
bite
before
we
go.
电影8:30开始,我们可以快速地吃点东西就走。
—Sounds
great.See
you
at
8:10.
听起来很好。8:10见。
省略了:
?
答案:It
(4)宾语的省略。
阅读下列句子,指出句子省略的宾语是什么。
⑦—Where
should
we
go?我们去哪里?
—I
don’t
care.Anywhere
you
want.
我无所谓,你想去哪儿就去哪儿。
省略了:
?
答案:where
we
go
(5)表语的省略。
阅读下列句子,指出句子省略的表语是什么。
⑧—Are
these
your
friends?这些人是你的朋友吗?
—Yes,they
are.是的,他们是我的朋友。
省略了:
?
答案:my
friends
(6)系动词的省略
有些省略结构省去了系动词,尤其在口语中。
阅读下列句子,指出句子省略的系动词是什么。
⑨Everything
in
good
condition.
一切都完好无损。
省略了:
?
答案:is
(7)不定式的省略
A.答语中的有些动词后跟不定式做宾语时,可将其动词省略,而保留to,这样的动词或短语常见的有want,wish,expect,hope,like,love,try,forget,prefer,mean,be
going
to,be
about
to,be
supposed
to等。
⑩—Will
you
go
with
me?你要和我一起去吗?
—Yes,I’d
like
to
(go
with
you).是的,非常乐意。
B.如果做宾语的不定式是be动词或完成时态,则须在to之后加上be或have。
11
—Are
you
a
doctor?你是医生吗?
—No,but
I
want
to
be.不,但我希望是。
C.两个或两个以上的不定式并列,第一个带to,后面的常可省略to。
12
My
job
is
to
look
after
the
children
and
teach
them
English.?
我的任务是照顾孩子并教他们英语。
D.当不定式做表语时,如果前面主语中出现实义动词do及其各种形式,则不定式中的to常可省略。
13
What
he
wants
to
do
is
go
home.?
他想做的就是回家。
E.感官动词和使役动词后面做宾语补足语的不定式要省略to(help后的to可带可不带)。
14
I
saw
a
boy
fall
down
from
the
tree.
我看见一个男孩从树上掉下来了。
F.介词but前面有动词do,后面的不定式可省略to。
15
He
can
do
nothing
but
lie
down
and
sleep.?
他无事可做只好躺下睡觉。
2.并列句中的省略
并列句中后面分句与前面分句的相同部分常可省略。
阅读下列句子,指出句子中省略了什么。
16
His
suggestion
made
John
happy,but
Mary
angry.
他的建议使约翰高兴,但让玛丽生气。
省略了: ?
答案:his
suggestion
made
3.复合句中的省略
(1)宾语从句中的省略
A.以特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,若有与前面主句重复的内容,则可将重复内容省略,只保留特殊疑问词。
阅读下列句子,指出句子中省略了什么。
17
You
are
unhappy.Can
you
tell
me
why?
你不高兴。能告诉我为什么吗?
省略了:
?
答案:you
are
unhappy
18
—Do
you
think
it
will
rain?你认为会下雨吗?
—I
guess
so.我猜会。
常用表达:
I
hope
so.我希望如此。
I
hope
not.我希望不会。
I’m
afraid
so/not.恐怕如此/不是。
I
think/believe/guess/expect/suppose
so.
我认为/相信/猜/希望/认为是这样的。
B.当用I’m
afraid,I
think,I
believe,I
hope,I
guess等做答句时,后面常用省略形式。
19
He
told
me
(that)
she
was
a
beautiful
girl
and
that
she
was
clever.
他告诉我她是一个漂亮的女孩,而且很聪明。
(2)定语从句中的省略
A.在限制性定语从句中做宾语的关系代词that,which,whom可省略。
20
He
is
one
of
the
men
(whom)
I
can
trust.
他是我信任的人之一。
B.修饰way的关系副词that(=in
which)可以省略。
C.在宾语从句中常省略连词,但当及物动词之后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,只有第一个连词that可省略。
(3)状语从句中的省略
A.在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中,如果其主语和主句的主语一致,或从句的主语是it且从句中谓语动词包含be,常把从句的主语和be省略。
阅读下列句子,指出句子省略了什么。
21
Unless
necessary,you’d
better
not
refer
to
the
dictionary.
除非有必要,否则你最好别查词典。
省略了:
?
答案:it
is
22
Be
careful
when
crossing
the
street.
过马路时要小心。
省略了:
?
答案:you
are
B.在比较状语从句中,than或as后面的部分可省略。
阅读下列句子,指出句子省略了什么。
23
I’m
taller
than
she.我比她高。
省略了:
?
答案:is
24
I
hate
him
as
much
as
you.
我和你一样恨他。
省略了:
?
答案:hate
him
(4)虚拟语气中的省略
在if引导的虚拟语气中,如果从句中含有助动词were,had
(done),should,则可省去if,把were,had,should提到从句句首。
25
Had
the
governments
and
scientists
not
worked
together,AIDS-related
deaths
would
not
have
fallen
since
their
highest
in
2005.
如果政府和科学家们没有联手工作,与艾滋病相关的死亡人数不会从2005年的最高值降下来。
同义句转换
26
If
John
were
here,he
would
know
what
to
do.
= John
here,he
would
know
what
to
do.?
要是约翰在这儿,他会知道怎么做。
答案:Were
27
If
anything
had
happened,he
would
have
let
her
know.
=
anything
happened,he
would
have
let
her
know.?
要是发生了什么事,他会让她知道的。
答案:Had
4.介词的省略
(1)在英语中一些动词、名词、形容词搭配的介词往往被省略,只保留后面的动词-ing形式,如:
spend
time/money
(in)
doing
sth.花费时间/钱干某事
have
difficulty/trouble(in)
doing
sth.干某事有困难
prevent
sb.(from)
doing
sth.阻止某人干某事
28
Trees
can
prevent
the
earth
(from)being
washed
away.
树木能阻止泥土流失。
29
I
have
some
difficulty
(in)
learning
English.
我学英语有困难。
(2)在表示时间的介词at,on和in在next,last,this,these,yesterday,every等词之前,一般省略。
30
We
will
have
an
exam
this
week.
本周我们要考试。Section
Ⅲ Grammar
课后篇巩固提升
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Every
evening
after
dinner,if
not
(tire)
from
work,I
will
spend
some
time
playing
with
my
son.?
答案:tired
2.—What
should
I
do
with
this
passage?
— (find)
out
the
main
idea
of
each
paragraph.?
答案:To
find
3.When
first
(introduce)
to
the
market,these
products
enjoyed
great
success.?
答案:introduced
4.It
shamed
me
to
say
it,so
I
told
a
lie
when
(question)
at
the
meeting
by
my
boss.?
答案:questioned
5.English
words
are
easily
forgotten,unless
constantly
(repeat).?
答案:repeated
二、将下列句中可以省略的部分省略
1.While
I
was
walking
along
the
street,I
heard
my
name
called.
答案:While
walking
along
the
street,I
heard
my
name
called.
2.My
father
planned
all
these
houses
and
they
built
all
these
houses.
答案:My
father
planned
and
they
built
all
these
houses.
3.What
worried
us
most
is
that
things
do
not
go
as
well
as
they
were
planned.
答案:What
worried
us
most
is
that
things
do
not
go
as
well
as
planned.
4.Some
of
you
have
finished
Unit
One.If
you
have
done
so,you
can
go
on
to
Unit
Two.
答案:Some
of
you
have
finished
Unit
One.If
so,you
can
go
on
to
Unit
Two.
5.She
will
go
to
Paris,but
I
don’t
know
when
she
will
go
to
Paris.
答案:She
will
go
to
Paris,but
I
don’t
know
when.
6.Tom
continued
to
make
faces
in
class
even
though
his
teacher
told
him
not
to
make
faces.
答案:Tom
continued
to
make
faces
in
class
even
though
his
teacher
told
him
not
to.
三、补全下列笑话中有
号的省略句
1.A:Hi,Bill.It’s
you!
B:Haven’t
seen
you
for
a
long
time.
Where
have
you
been?
A:I’ve
been
to
the
moon.
B:Oh!Why
not
to
the
sun?
A:Because
it’s
too
hot.
答案:I
haven’t
seen
you
for
a
long
time.
Why
haven’t
you
been
to
the
sun?
2.A:Where
are
you
going,Bob?
B:To
the
moon.
A:Oh?What
for?
B:I’d
like
to
eat
mooncakes.
答案:I’m
going
to
the
moon.
3.A:Bob,where
were
you
born?
B:In
England.
A:What
part?
B:All
of
me,of
course.
答案:I
was
born
in
England.
4.Doctor:Morning,Tom.
Anything
wrong?
Tom:Nothing
wrong.
Please
lend
me
some
money.
Doctor:What
for?
Tom:I’ll
buy
my
girlfriend
a
red
rose.I’ll
tell
her
a
most
moving
story.Then
I’ll
ask
her
that
most
important
question
seriously.
Doctor:Do
you
love
me?
Tom:No,of
course
not.I
only
love
Lily.
答案:Good
morning,Tom.
Is
there
anything
wrong?
There’s
nothing
wrong.
四、翻译句子(用省略句)
1.如果你愿意,可以这么做。
答案:You
can
do
it
if
you
want
to.
2.这座城市再也不是过去那样了。
答案:The
city
is
no
longer
what
it
used
to
be.
3.尽管我们都精疲力竭,但我们都没有停下来。
答案:Though
worn
out,we
didn’t
stop.
4.房间虽然不大,却很亮堂。
答案:Though
not
large,the
room
is
well
lit.
五、完形填空
Two
weeks
earlier,my
son,Ben,had
got
in
touch.He’d
moved
to
England
with
his
mum
when
he
was
three
and
it
had
been
13
years
since
I’d
1
seen
him.So
imagine
my
2
when
he
emailed
me
saying
he
wanted
to
come
to
visit
me.?
I
was
3 !I
arrived
early
at
Byron
Bay
where
we
were
supposed
to
4 .The
bay
was
5
in
sunshine,and
there
was
a
group
of
kayakers
around
150m
off
the
shore.Getting
a
little
6 ,I
realized
one
kayak(皮划艇)
was
in
7 .“Something’s
not
8 !”I
took
off
my
T-shirt
and
9
into
the
water.I
saw
there
were
two
instructors
on
board
and
a
man
lying
across
the
middle.He
was
10
violently.Linking
arms
with
one
of
the
instructors,I
helped
11
the
young
man
out
of
the
water.He
was
unconscious
and
as
I
looked
at
his
face,something 12
to
me.Those
brown
eyes
were
very
13 .“What’s
his
name?”I
asked
the
instructor.“Ben,”he
replied,and
immediately
I
14 .That
stranger
was
my
son!?
The
instructors
called
for
an
ambulance. 15 ,after
a
brief
stay
in
hospital,Ben
was
well
enough
to
be
allowed
to
16
and
later
the
family
met
up
for
dinner.We
chatted
about
everything
and
then
Ben
17
to
me.“I
just
want
to
say
thank
you,”he
said.“You
18
my
life!”?
I
still
can’t
believe
what
a
19
it
was.I’m
just
so
glad
I
was
there
20
to
help
my
son.?
1.A.also
B.often
C.even
D.last
答案:D
解析两周前,“我”刚与儿子取得联系,他与“我”13年未见。此处表示,距离上一次见面,已经相隔了13年。also“也”;often“经常”;even“甚至”;last“上一次”。故选D项。
2.A.delight
B.relief
C.anger
D.worry
答案:A
解析根据上文可知,“我”与儿子13年未见,再相见,必定会非常高兴。delight“高兴,快乐”;relief“宽慰”;anger“愤怒”;worry“担忧”。故A项符合语境。
3.A.scared
B.shocked
C.thrilled
D.ashamed
答案:C
解析根据上文可知,与儿子再次见面,“我”很高兴,也很激动。scared“害怕的”;shocked“震惊的”;thrilled“激动的”;ashamed“羞愧的”。故选C项。
4.A.talk
B.stay
C.meet
D.settle
答案:C
解析根据句意可知,“我”到达了拜伦湾——我们相约见面的地方。talk“谈论”;stay“停留”;meet“见面”;settle“定居”。故选C项。
5.A.bathed
B.clean
C.deep
D.formed
答案:A
解析根据句意可知,此处表示:海湾沐浴着阳光。bathed“沐浴的”;clean“干净的”;deep“深的”;formed“成形的”。故选A项。
6.A.faster
B.closer
C.heavier
D.wiser
答案:B
解析根据上文的“around150mofftheshore”可知,有一群玩皮划艇的人离海岸大约150米。渐渐地靠近了,“我”才意识到一艘皮划艇处于危险之中。故B项符合题意。
7.A.trouble
B.advance
C.question
D.battle
答案:A
解析beintrouble为固定短语,意为“处于危险之中”。
8.A.real
B.right
C.fair
D.fit
答案:B
解析根据语境可知,此处表示“我”发现了异常。real“正确的”;right“正常的”;fair“公平的”;fit“合适的”。故选B项。
9.A.stared
B.sank
C.dived
D.fell
答案:C
解析根据上文的“tookoff”及下文的“intothewater”可知,此处表示“我”潜入水中,故选C项。
10.A.arguing
B.fighting
C.shouting
D.shaking
答案:D
解析根据上下文可知,两位教练在皮划艇上,皮划艇中间横躺着一个人,这个人摇晃得很厉害。argue“争论”;fight“斗争”;shout“大声喊叫”;shake“摇动”。
11.A.lead
B.persuade
C.carry
D.keep
答案:C
解析“我”与其中一位教练联手,帮忙把这个人从水中抬出来,故选C项。lead“带领”;persuade“说服”;carry“搬运”;keep“保持”。
12.A.happened
B.occurred
C.applied
D.appealed
答案:B
解析此处sth.occurtosb.是固定搭配,意为“某人突然想起某事”,故选B项。
13.A.sharp
B.pleasant
C.attractive
D.familiar
答案:D
解析根据后文可知,这个小男孩正是“我”的儿子,因此,当“我”看到他的眼睛时,会感到似曾相识,故选D项。sharp“锋利的”;pleasant“令人愉快的”;attractive“有吸引力的”;familiar“熟悉的”。
14.A.agreed
B.hesitated
C.doubted
D.knew
答案:D
解析当“我”询问了这个小男孩的名字后,“我”知道他就是“我”的儿子!故此处D项符合句意。
15.A.Fortunately
B.Frankly
C.Sadly
D.Suddenly
答案:A
解析根据后文的“wellenough”可知,最后儿子康复了,这是很幸运地。fortunately“幸运地”;frankly“坦白地”;sadly“悲伤地”;suddenly“突然地”。故选A项。
16.A.return
B.relax
C.speak
D.leave
答案:D
解析根据上文的“stayinhospital”可知,现在儿子康复了,准许出院了,即可以离开了,故选D项。
17.A.joked
B.turned
C.listened
D.pointed
答案:B
解析根据后文可知,此处表示儿子郑重地向“我”致谢,因此,应该是转向“我”,故选B项。
18.A.created
B.honored
C.saved
D.guided
答案:C
解析纵观全文可知,“我”跳入水中,救了儿子,故选C项。
19.A.coincidence
B.change
C.pity
D.pain
答案:A
解析“我”救儿子一事,整件事情的发生实属巧合,故选A项。coincidence“巧合”;change“改变”;pity“遗憾”;pain“疼痛,努力”。
20.A.on
board
B.in
time
C.for
sure
D.on
purpose
答案:B
解析根据句意可知,“我”非常高兴能够及时帮助儿子。onboard“在船上”;intime“及时”;forsure“确实”;onpurpose“有目的地”。故选B项。
六、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being
young
isn’t
the
excuse
not
to
pay
attention
1.
your
health.Now
it
is
the
perfect
time
for
teenagers
2. (think)
about
their
future
health.Some
old
people’s
health
problems
usually
arise
from
habits
when
they
are
young.Teenagers
3.
eat
a
lot
of
junk
food
and
watch
TV
all
day
are
more
likely
to
have
a
weight
or
health
problem
than
the
kids
who
are
4.(act)
and
follow
a
healthy
diet.Young
people
who
care
about
their
health
5. (regular)
now
may
have
fewer
problems
when
they
are
older.?
Even
though
I
am
a
health
nut(保养迷),I
understand
that
most
teenagers
have
very
crazy
lives.It
is
much
more
6. (attract)
to
lie
on
the
couch
after
school
than
to
exercise,but
it
could
have
a
negative
effect
in
7.
long
run.Taking
McDonalds
on
the
way
to
school
or
work
8. (be)
much
easier
than
cooking
a
healthy
meal.However,9. (compare)
with
healthy
meal,it
could
have
consequences
on
your
health.?
You
don’t
need
a
lot
of
time
to
be
in
good
shape.Just
be
smart,instead
of
getting
fast
food,grab
an
apple
or
salad.Take
15
to
25
minutes
three
to
five
10. (time)
a
week
and
go
for
a
walk,or
even
dance.?
答案:1.to 2.to
think 3.who/that 4.active
5.regularly 6.attractive 7.the 8.is 9
compared 10.times
七、选词创境
运用下列写作词汇,自己创设一个语境,形成一个小语段。(3~5句)
aid,fall
ill,unless,acquire,vital,a
number
of,make
a
difference
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
答案:
It
is
because
of
unhealthy
diets
that
anumberof
people
fallill
every
day.Unless
people
realize
it
is
vital
to
eat
healthy
diets,there
will
be
more
and
more
people
in
poor
health.Fortunately,many
health
experts
are
trying
their
best
to
aid
people
to
acquire
information
about
health
and
form
a
good
habit,which
makesagreatdifference
to
our
health.
-
1
-(共6张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ Writing
如何写新闻报道类文章
新闻写作由于记者写作风格不同,文体结构无定格。但大体上说新闻文体的主体结构是由标题、导语、正文三部分组成,因此要写好这类文章,就要抓好以下几方面:
标题(headline):浓缩概括全文的中心问题。用来说明消息内容,通常以醒目的文字出现在消息之上的简短文字,能简明扼要地向读者揭示新闻的主要内容,使其在最短的时间内获取最多的信息。
导语(lead
or
introduction):通常为文章的第一段。文章的第一段提供主要话题和最主要的事实。它是新闻文体区别于其他文体的特有概念。
正文(body):在导语的基础上,引入更多的与主题相关的事实,使之更加翔实、具体,并展开评论,进而得出结论。
优化文章结构:尽量做到详略得当、层次分明、条理清晰。
1.There
are
two
pieces
of
breathtaking
news
that
happened
this
week.
以下是本周两条激动人心的消息。
2.A
group
of
students
from
a
British
school
came
to
our
school
for
an
exchange
visit
on
July
1.
7月1号一个英国学生访问团对我校进行了交流访问。
3.In
the
morning
they
had
a
nice
talk
with
some
student
representatives
from
our
school.
上午他们和学生代表进行了友好的座谈。
4.Details
of
what
happened
are
still
unclear.
事件的详情仍不清楚。
5.Witness
said
that...目击者说……
6.We
must
sing
high
praise
for
the
good
deeds.
对于这些好的行为,我们必须高度赞扬。
7.In
our
survey,we
interviewed...
调查中,我们采访了……
8.It
is
important
for
us
to
solve
the
problem.
对我们来说解决这个问题非常重要。
9.It
was
not
immediately
clear
whether...
目前尚不清楚……
10.Further
details
will
be
reported
when
it
becomes
available.
更多详情有待随时报道。
2018年7月1日,来自英国某中学的学生访问团来你校进行了访问交流。假定你是学校英语报记者,请写一篇短文,报道此次活动。内容包括:
1.上午与你校学生代表就校园生活、文化差异等话题进行座谈;
2.中午与你校学生共进中餐;
3.下午观看你校学生的文艺表演。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考范文
A
group
of
students
from
a
British
school
came
to
our
school
for
an
exchange
visit
on
July
1,2018.
In
the
morning
they
had
a
nice
talk
with
some
student
representatives
from
our
school.The
topics
included
campus
life,culture
differences,and
so
on.
Then
they
had
a
traditional
Chinese
dinner
with
us.They
were
offered
some
typical
food
like
Mapo
Tofu,Boiled
Beef,noodles
and
dumplings.In
the
afternoon,they
watched
a
fine
performance
given
by
our
students,such
as
dance,singing,magic
shows
and
classical
drama.
The
activity
was
really
good
for
us
and
all
the
people
learned
a
lot
from
it.Unit
5
First
aid
(主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习)
(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前,你都有5秒钟的时间阅读题目;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。
W:Can
you
come
to
the
concert
with
me
this
weekend,or
do
you
have
to
prepare
for
exams?
M:I
still
have
a
lot
to
do...
but
maybe
a
break
would
do
me
good.
1.What
will
the
man
probably
do?
A.Attend
the
concert
after
his
exams
are
finished.
B.Stay
at
home
to
prepare
for
his
exams.
C.Go
to
the
concert
with
the
woman.
答案:C
W:I
was
expecting
another
hot,foggy
day.
M:But
the
wind
is
cooling
things
off,isn’t
it?
2.What
is
the
weather
like
now?
A.Windy. B.Hot. C.Foggy.
答案:A
M:Let’s
choose
a
topic
for
our
group’s
in-class
debate.
W:Good
idea.I
think
we
have
to
tell
the
professor
by
Friday.
M:By
Friday?
I
don’t
think
so.I
thought
he
said
a
week
from
Friday.
3.What
does
the
man
mean?
A.They
should
decide
by
Friday.
B.They’d
better
decide
right
now.
C.They
have
another
week
to
decide.
答案:C
M:Can
you
tell
me
how
much
a
ticket
is
for
Saturday’s
performance
of
Macbeth?
W:The
front
rows
and
the
circle
are
the
most
expensive
at
$260.The
middle
seats
cost
$150
and
the
back
three
rows
cost
$120,but
the
view
isn’t
so
good.
M:I’ll
have
two
in
the
middle,please.
4.How
much
should
the
man
pay?
A.$300.
B.$260.
C.$120.
答案:A
W:Have
you
seen
the
TV
guide?
M:Isn’t
it
on
top
of
the
television?I
had
it
when
I
was
watching
the
film
last
night.
W:Here!It
is
under
the
sofa
where
nobody
can
find
it.You
should
put
it
back
in
its
place
by
the
telephone.Then
we’d
all
know
where
it
is.
5.Where
is
the
TV
guide?
A.On
top
of
the
television.
B.By
the
telephone.
C.Under
the
sofa.
答案:C
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
W:I
heard
that
House
of
Coffee
is
going
to
close
200
stores.Their
business
is
really
hurting.
M:Yeah,well,that
may
be.But
they’re
still
500
stores
ahead
of
us.
W:Not
for
much
longer.Our
sales
are
increasing
each
quarter,and
our
new
mocha
freeze
is
really
taking
off.
M:It
is!
At
this
rate,we’ll
catch
up
with
them
sometime
in
the
next
five
years.
W:Exactly.It’s
really
exciting.I
can’t
wait
to
see
the
day
to
come
soon.
6.What
can
be
inferred
about
the
speaker?
A.They
are
opening
500
new
stores.
B.They
work
for
a
coffee
company.
C.Their
business
is
not
going
well.
答案:B
7.What
does
the
woman
say
about
House
of
Coffee?
A.It
is
growing
rapidly.
B.It
has
the
best
drinks.
C.Its
business
is
shrinking.
答案:C
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
W:Hello,UPS?
M:Yes,madam.What
can
I
do
for
you?
W:Well,I’m
calling
to
check
on
a
package
I
sent
on
the
7th.It
still
hasn’t
arrived,and
today’s
the
13th.Can
you
tell
me
what
happened
to
it?
M:I’ll
certainly
try,madam.Do
you
have
the
tracking
number
handy?
I
will
check
it
for
you.
W:Let’s
see...it’s
T-714-2009-05-07.
M:T-714-2009-05-07.OK,wait
for
a
moment.I
will
check
it
for
you
on
the
computer
now.Well,I
can
see
that
it
did
go
out
on
the
7th.
W:Then
where
is
it
now?
M:Hold
on,please.I’ve
got
to
check
another
computer
and
see
where
it
is.
8.Why
does
the
woman
call
the
man?
A.To
pick
up
a
package.
B.To
ask
about
a
late
package.
C.To
complain
about
a
lost
package.
答案:B
9.What
do
we
know
about
the
package?
A.It
was
lost.
B.It
was
shipped
on
time.
C.It
is
still
on
the
loading
platform.
答案:B
10.What
does
the
man
plan
to
do
next?
A.Bring
the
package
to
the
woman.
B.Check
the
package
tracking
number.
C.Determine
the
status
of
the
package.
答案:C
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
M:The
soft
drink
is
fifty-two,out
of
10.Here’s
your
change,and
have
a
nice
day.
W:Thank
you.By
the
way,I’m
looking
for
the
art
museum.Do
you
know
how
to
get
there?
M:Let’s
see,the
art
museum
is
on
the
7th
Avenue.The
best
way
to
get
there
is
to
go
out
our
parking
lot
and
turn
right.Follow
that
street
two
blocks,and
get
into
the
left-hand
turn
driveway.At
the
light
for
Mason
Street,take
a
sharp
left
and
go
up
five
blocks
to
Seventh.Turn
left.The
museum
will
be
your
right-hand
side.
W:Thank
you.Do
you
know
if
there
is
parking
available
at
the
museum?
M:Yes,there’s
a
parking
garage
right
next
door.And
you’re
lucky
enough
because
you
don’t
need
to
put
coins
into
the
parking
meter
today.Because
it’s
Thursday
today.There
is
no
charge
there
every
Thursday.
W:Wow,wonderful!
11.Where
are
the
speakers?
A.In
a
store.
B.At
a
bus
stop.
C.On
a
street
corner.
答案:A
12.What
will
the
woman
do
next?
A.Go
to
a
park.
B.Buy
a
soft
drink.
C.Visit
an
art
museum.
答案:C
13.Why
does
the
man
say
the
woman
is
lucky?
A.There
is
parking
room
available.
B.Parking
is
free
on
Thursday.
C.She
has
enough
coins
to
put
into
the
parking
meter.
答案:B
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
W:Hi,I’m
looking
for
a
textbook
for
English
100.
M:What’s
your
professor’s
name?
W:Hendrix.She’s
a
good
professor.My
roommate
had
her
course
last
term.
M:Oh,then
why
don’t
you
use
your
roommate’s
book?
W:She
sold
all
her
books
at
the
end
of
the
term.
M:Too
bad.Well,you’re
looking
for
a
book
called
CollegeWriting.Here’s
one,but
it’s
pretty
marked
up.Sometimes
it
actually
helps
to
use
someone
else’s
marks,if
you
happen
to
get
an
A
student’s
book.
W:True,but
I
really
rather
mark
it
myself.
M:OK.Hey,look
at
this.There’s
a
mark
in
it.Let’s
check
on
the
edition.Sometimes
there’s
new
information
in
a
later
edition,so
that’s
why
the
professor
orders
it.But
the
worst
part
is
if
the
professor
always
referring
to,say,page
50,and
the
information
is
on
a
different
page
in
your
edition,it
gets
confusing.
W:Oh,this
is
the
tenth
edition.
M:You’re
lucky.That’s
what
you
need.The
new
one
would
have
cost
you
$30,but
this
one’s
only
15.
W:I’ll
take
it
and
I
really
appreciate
your
help.You
saved
me
some
money.
M:Glad
to
hear
it.
14.Where
does
this
conversation
take
place?
A.At
a
second-hand
bookstore.
B.In
a
classroom.
C.In
a
library.
答案:A
15.Why
doesn’t
the
woman
use
her
roommate’s
book?
A.She
is
taking
a
course
with
a
different
professor.
B.Her
roommate
sold
the
book.
C.The
book
has
a
lot
of
marks
in
it.
答案:B
16.What
is
the
problem
with
the
older
edition
according
to
the
man?
A.It’s
difficult
to
find
the
information
the
professor
refers
to.
B.It’s
not
cheaper
than
the
new
edition.
C.The
teacher
doesn’t
order
one.
答案:A
17.What
do
we
know
about
the
woman?
A.She
is
an
A
student.
B.She
doesn’t
find
the
book
she
wants.
C.She
is
happy
with
her
purchase.
答案:C
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
Mickey
Mouse
is
not
Walt
Disney’s
first
successful
cartoon
creation,but
he
is
certainly
his
most
famous
one.Supposedly,Disney
took
his
inspiration
of
drawing
Mickey
from
the
field
mice
that
used
to
run
into
his
old
studio
in
Kansas
City.No
one
is
quite
sure
why
he
dressed
the
mouse
in
the
now-familiar
shorts
with
two
buttons
and
gave
him
the
yellow
shoes.But
we
do
know
that
Disney
had
intended
to
call
him
Mortimer
until
his
wife
Lillian
started
to
call
him
Mickey
Mouse.Disney
planned
Mickey’s
first
show
in
the
short
cartoon
PlaneCrazy.By
the
1930s
Mickey’s
image
had
circled
the
world.He
was
a
superstar
at
the
height
of
his
career.Although
he
has
received
a
few
minor
changes
throughout
his
lifetime,he
has
remained
true
to
his
nature
since
those
first
cartoons.Mickey
is
appealing
because
he
is
nice.He
is
both
good-natured
and
smart.Perhaps
that
was
Disney’s
own
image
of
himself.Why
else
would
he
have
insisted
on
doing
Mickey’s
voice
in
all
the
cartoons
for
twenty
years?
When
interviewed,he
would
say,“There’s
a
lot
of
mouses
in
me.”
And
that
mouse
has
remained
one
of
the
most
well-known
images
in
American
popular
culture.For
other
images,we’ll
talk
about
them
later.
18.What
is
the
speaker
mainly
talking
about?
A.The
image
of
Mickey
Mouse.
B.The
life
of
Walt
Disney.
C.The
history
of
cartoons.
答案:A
19.What
is
said
about
Mickey
Mouse?
A.It’s
now
different
in
every
way
from
the
early
cartoons.
B.Its
character
has
never
changed
over
the
years.
C.Its
final
name
was
given
by
Walt
Disney.
答案:B
20.What
will
be
probably
discussed
next?
A.Walt
Disney’s
childhood.
B.Other
images
in
American
popular
culture.
C.The
Voice
of
cartoon
characters.
答案:B
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Dear
Dr.
Snow,
I’m
an
eighteen-year-old
student
and
I’m
just
beginning
my
first
year
at
college.I
graduated
from
high
school,but
my
grades
were
not
great.All
through
high
school,I
had
trouble
getting
up
in
the
morning
to
get
to
school
on
time.I
couldn’t
concentrate
in
class
during
the
day.My
parents
tried
to
force
me
to
sleep
for
10
hours
every
night,but
I
just
couldn’t.Now
I
am
worried
that
I
won’t
be
able
to
succeed
in
school.I
still
have
trouble
staying
awake
during
the
day.
At
night
I
feel
completely
awake
so
I
decided
on
an
approach
to
getting
my
work
done.I
go
on
the
Internet,and
I
spend
hours
online.I
had
a
few
teachers
who
put
up
their
class
notes
online
so
that
I
could
go
over
the
information
I
didn’t
get
during
the
day.I
could
continue
to
do
this
but
I
feel
that
it’s
not
normal
to
be
so
tired
during
the
day.I
didn’t
have
much
of
a
social
life
with
other
students
when
I
was
in
high
school.I
would
like
to
make
friends
with
people
in
college.I
would
like
to
feel
more
awake
during
the
day.What
should
I
do?
Yours,
Jonathan
Dear
Jonathan,
It
might
be
that
your
sleep
and
wake
cycles
are
the
opposite
of
most
people’s
cycles.Most
people
feel
awake
in
the
day
and
tired
at
night.You
should
make
an
appointment
to
see
your
doctor.Ask
your
doctor
to
refer
you
to
a
specialist
who
can
test
you
and
find
out
if
you
have
a
sleep
disorder
that
makes
it
difficult
to
sleep
at
night.When
you
know
the
test
results,then
together
with
your
doctor
and
family,you
can
make
some
plans
to
change
your
sleep
cycle.
Yours,
Snow
21.How
was
Jonathan’s
performance
in
high
school?
A.He
was
no
stranger
to
punishment.
B.He
fell
asleep
in
class
frequently.
C.He
was
never
late
for
school.
D.He
failed
to
graduate
from
it.
答案:B
解析细节理解题。根据第一封信第一段中的“Icouldn’tconcentrateinclassduringtheday”和“Istillhavetroublestayingawakeduringtheday”可知,Jonathan在念高中时常常上课睡觉。
22.Why
has
Jonathan
written
this
letter?
A.To
apply
for
a
college.
B.To
ask
for
advice
from
a
doctor.
C.To
share
his
worries
with
his
friend.
D.To
ask
for
a
teacher’s
help
in
his
studies.
答案:B
解析细节理解题。根据第一封信末尾的“WhatshouldIdo?”可知,Jonathan写信是为了向医生寻求建议。
23.What’s
Snow’s
suggestion?
A.Keeping
awake
in
the
day.
B.Sleeping
early
in
the
night.
C.Seeing
a
doctor
to
find
some
solutions.
D.Turning
to
family
and
friends
for
help.
答案:C
解析细节理解题。根据医生回信中的“Askyourdoctortoreferyoutoaspecialistwhocantestyouandfindoutifyouhaveasleepdisorderthatmakesitdifficulttosleepatnight.”可知,Snow医生建议Jonathan去看医生。
B
The
sun
was
setting
and
the
farm
would
be
closing
soon.I
dressed
our
three
daughters
quickly
as
my
husband
started
the
car.Cutting
down
our
own
Christmas
tree
had
been
a
family
tradition.
As
we
walked
through
the
rows
of
trees,my
youngest
daughter
Kimberly
shouted
excitedly,“There
it
is,the
perfect
tree!”The
other
two
agreed.My
husband
and
I
looked
at
each
other
puzzled.It
was
misshapen
and
pine
needles
were
missing
here
and
there.
We
tried
to
talk
our
daughters
into
changing
their
minds,but
failed.We
had
to
tie
the
tree
to
the
top
of
our
car
and
headed
home.As
we
reached
our
house,Heather
jumped
out
first.Suddenly
she
shouted,“The
tree
isn’t
there!”We
thought
she
was
kidding.However,it
wasn’t
there.
The
girls
were
so
sad.“We’ll
get
another
tree
tomorrow,”I
said,secretly
hoping
the
new
tree
would
be
prettier.But
the
girls
gave
us
the
look
that
no
parent
can
say
no
to.We
had
no
choice
but
to
go
back
and
find
that
tree.
About
five
minutes
into
our
drive,we
saw
our
tree
on
the
side
of
the
road.Clearly
it
had
been
run
over
by
a
truck
and
a
big
part
of
it
had
fallen
off,but
we
took
our
little
broken
tree
home
anyway.
Once
at
home,we
all
agreed
that
the
flat
broken
side
would
go
up
against
the
wall.That
night,as
we
decorated
our
tree,something
magical
happened.By
the
time
we
were
done,I
had
to
admit,it
didn’t
look
sad
after
all.“This
is
the
best
tree
we
ever
had.It’s
perfect!”my
second
daughter
Samantha
said
excitedly.My
husband
and
I
couldn’t
have
agreed
more!
Now
we
always
recall
that
little
broken
tree!Year
by
year,we
tell
the
story
of
that
very
special
Christmas
almost
twenty-five
years
ago.
24.Why
did
the
couple
feel
puzzled
at
first?
A.Their
daughters
chose
an
ugly
tree.
B.Their
daughters
made
a
terrible
mistake.
C.Their
daughters
wouldn’t
change
their
minds.
D.Their
daughters
didn’t
want
fo
find
other
trees.
答案:A
解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“Itwasmisshapenandpineneedlesweremissinghereandthere.”以及下文中的内容可知,孩子们挑选的树不好看,作者夫妇对此感到非常困惑,他们不明白孩子们为什么会挑选这样的树。
25.How
did
the
author
feel
when
she
knew
the
tree
was
missing?
A.Sad.
B.Worried.
C.Surprised.
D.Pleased.
答案:D
解析推理判断题。由第四段中的“‘We’llgetanothertreetomorrow,’Isaid,secretlyhopingthenewtreewouldbeprettier.”可知,看到那棵树不见了,作者暗自窃喜,她希望新选的树更好看。
26.What
do
we
know
about
that
night
when
the
author’s
family
decorated
their
tree?
A.They
did
magic
for
fun.
B.They
took
turns
telling
stories.
C.They
turned
the
tree
into
an
unforgettable
one.
D.They
argued
over
how
the
tree
should
be
decorated.
答案:C
解析推理判断题。由最后一段可知,作者一家常常回忆起那棵圣诞树,之后的二十五年,每年都会说起那年的故事;因此可推断,作者一家那天晚上装饰了一棵令人难忘的树。
27.What
is
the
best
title
of
this
text?
A.A
Special
Christmas
Gift
B.A
Sad
Little
Tree
C.Decorating
the
Perfect
Tree
D.Following
a
Family
Tradition
答案:B
解析主旨大意题。二十五年前,作者一家人把一棵丑陋的松树装扮成漂亮的圣诞树。尽管时间流逝,但作者一家人对那棵树还是津津乐道,经常想起那棵树。因此,全文围绕一棵由丑陋变得漂亮的树展开,B项最符合文意。
C
Although
onions
taste
delicious,watering
eyes
come
with
the
process
when
you
cut
them
up.Thankfully,GoodHousekeeping
has
suggested
some
tips
to
prevent
yourself
from
crying
while
you
are
trying
to
cut
up
an
onion.
According
to
the
findings
from
the
Institute,putting
onions
in
a
fridge
30
minutes
before
cutting
can
prevent
the
annoying
hurt,as
the
cold
stops
tear-jerking
(催泪的)
gas
from
being
produced.
Another
way
to
reduce
the
gas
released
by
the
onion
is
to
put
it
in
water
for
a
while.GoodHousekeeping
recommends:“Cut
the
end
off
the
onion
and
then
put
it
straight
into
a
bowl
of
water.The
water
will
draw
out
the
acid
making
your
tears
fewer
when
you
cut
it.”
When
an
onion
grows,it
mixes
with
sulfur(硫)
in
the
soil
to
create
a
special
mineral
acid.When
the
onion
is
cut
into
pieces,it
reacts
and
creates
a
gas.As
it
reaches
your
face,this
annoying
gas
causes
the
eyes
to
produce
tears.
The
root
is
where
the
gases
are
most
concentrated,so
it
is
recommended
that
this
part
of
the
onion
be
left
on
as
you
cut
it
to
avoid
uncomfortable
eyes.Do
this
by
cutting
the
vegetable
in
half
down
the
middle,then
cut
off
part
of
one
side
to
create
a
flat
surface.Then,place
the
onion
with
its
flat
surface
down
and
cut
it
towards
the
root.
Also,to
reduce
the
gas’s
effect
on
your
eyes,cut
it
next
to
a
window
or
near
a
fan
so
the
gas
is
blown
away
from
your
face.And
take
care
to
use
a
sharp
knife;this
will
make
it
easier
to
move
through
the
vegetable,causing
fewer
cells
to
be
broken
and
less
gas
to
be
released
as
a
result.
28.Refrigerating
the
onion
before
cutting
can
.?
A.change
its
taste
B.make
it
easier
to
be
cut
up
C.avoid
generation
of
the
gas
D.help
the
gases
mix
more
quickly
答案:C
解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知,把洋葱放在冰箱里30分钟后再切可以阻止洋葱产生让人流泪的气体,故C项正确。
29.From
the
fourth
paragraph,what
happens
when
the
onion
is
cut
up?
A.Some
acid
mineral
is
lost.
B.The
tear
mixture
is
created.
C.The
sulfur
inside
it
pours
out.
D.A
chemical
reaction
produces
a
gas.
答案:D
解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句可知,切开洋葱后,洋葱内含有的一种特殊的酸会发生化学反应,从而产生让人流泪的气体,故D项正确。
30.What
does
the
underlined
word
“this”
in
Paragraph
5
refer
to?
A.Producing
more
tears.
B.Leaving
the
root
uncut
first.
C.Promoting
concentration.
D.Making
the
onion
more
tasty.
答案:B
解析代词指代题。根据第五段第一句可知,洋葱的根是气体最集中的地方,所以建议把洋葱的这部分留下,以避免流泪;结合第五段第二句可知,该句中的this应指“开始时避免切开根部”,故B项正确。
31.The
main
purpose
of
the
text
is
to
.?
A.advise
and
explain
B.examine
and
analyze
C.argue
and
discuss
D.present
and
compare
答案:A
解析推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知,本文旨在介绍切洋葱不流泪的几个方法;根据第四段可知,本文还介绍了切开洋葱后流泪的原因;据此可知,本文旨在提出建议并解释切洋葱导致流泪的原因,故A项正确。
D
The
idea
that
you
can
use
humor,laughter,and
play
to
make
you
healthier
probably
seems
too
simple
to
be
true.However,it
is
really
true
and
simple.The
sense
of
humor,laughter
and
play
plays
an
important
part
in
keeping
you
healthy.
Treat
the
blues
(抑郁)
with
a
sense
of
humor,which
is
closely
tied
to
laughter.Laughter
is
infectious.Have
you
ever
heard
a
big
laugh
of
a
young
child
and
been
able
to
keep
yourself
from
smiling?When
laughter
is
shared
between
people,it
makes
them
closer
to
each
other
and
increases
their
happiness.Smiling
is
the
beginning
of
laughter
and
a
smile
is
also
just
as
infectious
as
laughter
is.You
can
experience
something
by
smiling
at
everyone
around
you,and
you
will
feel
happier
just
by
sharing
a
smile,even
with
a
stranger.
Play
is
an
important
part
of
making
sure
that
we
stay
healthy.We
are
often
encouraged
to
make
sure
our
children
play,and
are
told
of
the
benefits
of
being
out
playing.However,what
we
often
forget
is
that
it
is
just
as
important
for
old
people
to
make
play
be
part
of
their
life
as
it’s
for
children.Physical
play
is
important
for
the
old
and
it
certainly
helps
prevent
illness.While
the
studies
are
still
in
the
early
stages,the
studies
that
have
been
done
have
shown
that
physical
play
certainly
plays
a
part
in
preventing
cognitive
(认知的)
falling.
Anyway,adding
humor,laughter,and
play
to
our
life
will
influence
us
mentally,physically
and
socially
and
bring
us
many
advantages.So
we
should
make
full
use
of
humor,laughter
and
play
to
make
our
life
more
active,more
interesting
and
happier.
32.What
does
the
underlined
word
“infectious”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
mean?
A.Playing
an
important
role.
B.Keeping
people
in
high
spirits.
C.Quickly
influencing
other
people.
D.Preventing
illness
from
spreading.
答案:C
解析词义猜测题。根据第二段第四句可知,当人们分享笑容时,人们的关系更亲密,人们也会更加快乐。故infectious在此处意思为“能传染他人;有感染力的”。
33.What
can
laughter
increase
according
to
the
author?
A.Cognitive
ability.
B.Good
relationships.
C.A
sense
of
humor.
D.Happiness
and
trust.
答案:B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知,在作者看来大笑能使人们之间的关系更亲密。根据第三段最后一句可知,身体活动可以防止认知能力降低,但并不是说身体活动可以提高认知能力,故A项错。
34.What
does
the
author
think
the
old
should
do?
A.They
should
have
a
good
rest.
B.They
should
play
like
children.
C.They
should
prevent
cognitive
falling.
D.They
should
take
part
in
physical
play.
答案:D
解析细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句可知,玩耍对孩子和老年人来说一样重要,但不是说要像孩子一样玩,因此,D项正确,B项错误;根据第三段最后一句可知,身体活动可以防止老年人认知能力降低,但并不代表作者认为老年人应该防止认知能力降低,故C项错误。
35.Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Humor,Laughter
and
Play
for
Health
B.Always
Keep
Our
Body
Healthy
C.Have
an
Active
and
Happy
Life
D.Let
Our
Body
and
Mind
Relax
答案:A
解析主旨大意题。根据文章第一段及最后一段可知,这篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading
books
is
one
of
the
best
hobbies.It
not
only
helps
you
pass
your
time
but
also
helps
you
increase
your
knowledge
in
a
meaningful
manner. 36
Here
we
will
give
you
a
few
tips
that
can
help
you.?
●Fall
into
the
habit
of
borrowing
books
to
read.
This
is
a
very
old
school
practice
but
still
it
can
be
highly
effective.When
you
borrow
a
book,there
is
obviously
a
deadline
set. 37 ?
●Read
everywhere.
Keep
a
book
in
your
bag
and
read
it
anywhere
you
go.This
will
help
you
to
pass
your
time
in
a
very
productive
manner. 38
Anyway,you
can
read
your
book
24
hours
a
day.?
● 39 ?
This
can
easily
be
described
as
a
new
school
technique.You
can
read
out
to
your
brother
or
sister
and
this
will
enable
you
to
finish
your
book
as
well
as
increase
the
knowledge
and
understanding
of
your
brother
or
sister.
●Choose
your
books
very
carefully.
40
Thus
choose
your
books
very
carefully
in
order
to
enjoy
your
time
and
also
finish
your
book
effectively.If
you
choose
a
good
book
that
can
keep
you
interested
for
a
longer
period
of
time,there
is
no
way
that
you
are
going
to
leave
it
incomplete.?
A.Read
out
to
someone
else.
B.Realize
the
importance
of
reading
books.
C.Therefore,it
is
necessary
to
develop
the
reading
habit.
D.Find
an
excuse
to
read
every
day
just
by
visiting
book
clubs.
E.Yes,life
is
too
short
to
read
a
book
that
doesn’t
impress
you.
F.It
doesn’t
matter
whether
you
are
traveling
or
are
about
to
sleep.
G.This
can
encourage
you
to
read
it
often
to
finish
the
book
on
time.
答案:36~40
CGFAE
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Once
there
was
a
young
girl
named
Eliza.She
was
the
daughter
of
a
king
and
she
was
very
lazy.She 41
had
her
servants
do
everything
for
her.?
“I
am
very
thirsty,and
my 42
is
on
the
table.Please
get
it
for
me,”she
called. 43
a
servant
picked
the
glass
up
from
the
44
next
to
Eliza
and
held
it
up
to
her
45
until
Eliza
was
no
longer
46 .The
next
day,Eliza
was
walking
to
dinner
when
her
hat
47 .She
called
for
a
servant
and
a
young
man
ran
over,picked
up
the
hat, 48
it
off,and
placed
it
back
on
Eliza’s
head.?
She
continually 49
her
servants
to
do
simple
tasks
for
her.Her
father
noticed
her
50
and
decided
to
punish
her.He
set
her
in
a
51
with
only
a
loom(织布机)
and
some
thread.No
52
were
allowed
in
the
room.?
“You
will 53
in
this
room,not
eating
or
drinking
until
you
have
woven
a
blanket
for
me.You
have
to
do
all
of
the
work
by
54 .”The
king
left
Eliza
all
alone
in
the
room.?
Eliza
called
for
her
servants, 55
none
appeared.Then
she
56
her
father
telling
her
about
Athena,the
goddess
of
wisdom.She
called
for
Athena
over
and
over
until
finally,she
fell 57 .?
While
she
was
sleeping,she
had
a
58 .Hermes
spoke
to
her
in
her
dream.He
said,“Athena
has
heard
your
plea(请求)
for
59 .She
is
very
angry
with
you.She
will
come
to
you
and
inform
you
of
your
60 .”Eliza
awoke
very
frightened.?
41.A.seldom
B.always
C.never
D.sometimes
答案:B
解析由上文的“Shewasthedaughterofakingandshewasverylazy.”可推知,Eliza非常懒,因此总是让仆人为她打理一切,因此B项正确,always“总是”。
42.A.hat
B.thread
C.blanket
D.glass
答案:D
解析由上文的“Iamverythirsty”以及下文的“ 43 aservantpickedtheglassupfromthe 44 nexttoEliza”可知,Eliza很渴,就让仆人把桌子上的玻璃杯(glass)给她,故选D项。?
43.A.Immediately
B.Suddenly
C.Fortunately
D.Eventually
答案:A
解析由语境可知,Eliza一下命令,仆人就立马(immediately)行动了。
44.A.floor
B.shop
C.table
D.kitchen
答案:C
解析由上文的“Iamverythirsty,andmy 42 isonthetable”可知,仆人从桌子上拿来玻璃杯给Eliza。?
45.A.bed
B.room
C.lips
D.shoulders
答案:C
解析由上文的“shewasverylazy”并结合选项可推知,仆人要把玻璃杯举到Eliza的嘴唇边,让她喝水。lip“嘴唇”。
46.A.angry
B.hungry
C.happy
D.thirsty
答案:D
解析由语境可推知,仆人一直伺候Eliza喝水,直到她不渴(thirsty)了为止。
47.A.fell
off
B.went
away
C.jumped
off
D.stood
up
答案:A
解析由语境以及下文的“Shecalledforaservantandayoungmanranover,pickedupthehat, 48 itoff,andplaceditbackonEliza’shead.”可知,Eliza的帽子刮掉了,她让仆人给她捡起来,仆人捡起后把灰尘拍掉,然后又给她戴上了,因此A项正确。?
48.A.took
B.dusted
C.kicked
D.paid
答案:B
解析take“带走”;dust“拍掉灰尘”;kick“踢”;pay“付钱”。这里指把灰尘拍掉。
49.A.begged
B.required
C.advised
D.persuaded
答案:B
解析Eliza继续要求仆人为她做一些简单的事情。require“要求,需要”。
50.A.happiness
B.wisdom
C.laziness
D.honesty
答案:C
解析由语境可推知,Eliza的懒惰引起了国王的注意。
51.A.school
B.factory
C.room
D.church
答案:C
解析由下文的“No 52 wereallowedintheroom.”可知,国王把Eliza安置在一个屋子里,不允许任何仆人待在这个屋子里。?
52.A.servants
B.classmates
C.relatives
D.sisters
答案:A
解析这里指不允许仆人在屋子里。servant“仆人”;relative“亲戚”。
53.A.rest
B.study
C.play
D.stay
答案:D
解析由语境可推知,国王让Eliza一个人待在屋子里,直到织出一条毯子来,故选D项。
54.A.himself
B.myself
C.herself
D.yourself
答案:D
解析由下文的“ThekingleftElizaallaloneintheroom”可推知,国王让Eliza独自做完织布的工作。
55.A.but
B.so
C.also
D.even
答案:A
解析由语境可知,上下文存在逻辑上的转折关系,因此A项正确。
56.A.forgot
B.remembered
C.regretted
D.suggested
答案:B
解析由语境可推知,Eliza在求助无果的情况下,想到了(remembered)她父亲给她讲过的智慧女神,想请她帮忙。
57.A.ill
B.hungry
C.asleep
D.worried
答案:C
解析由下文的“Whileshewassleeping”可推知,Eliza当时一再呼唤智慧女神,最后睡着(asleep)了。
58.A.time
B.power
C.chance
D.dream
答案:D
解析由下文的“Hermesspoketoherinherdream.”可知,Eliza在熟睡时做了个梦(dream)。
59.A.help
B.playing
C.accompany
D.living
答案:A
解析由上文可知,在梦里,Hermes告诉Eliza智慧女神听到了她的求助,apleaforhelp“恳请帮助”是固定用法,因此A项正确。
60.A.praise
B.punishment
C.plea
D.freedom
答案:B
解析由上文的“Herfathernoticedher 50 anddecidedtopunishher.”并结合下文的“Elizaawokeveryfrightened.”可推知,智慧女神要告诉Eliza她对Eliza的惩罚,因此选B项。?
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I
am
sorry
to
hear
that
you
are
worried
about
the
variety
of
English
you
have
been
learning.
Firstly,the
differences
between
British
and
American
English
may
surprise
those
61
have
learned
English
for
years.There
62 (be)
a
few
differences
in
grammar
and
various
differences
in
vocabulary.British
and
American
people
have
no
difficulty
63 (understand)
each
other.They
watch
films
and
televisions
from
each
other’s
countries
for
64 (please).?
Secondly,there
isn’t
only
one
British
65
American
English.For
example,all
major
cities
in
the
UK
have
66 (they)
own
dialects
with
different
accents
from
each
other.Sometimes
these
accents
can
be
67 (hard)
to
understand
for
even
a
British
person
than
some
Americans.Also,there
are
Englishes
from
many
other
countries.People
who
speak
these
Englishes
usually
also
manage
68 (communicate)
with
other
English
speakers
without
any
problems.?
All
learners
need
to
be
able
to
understand
English
spoken
and
written
by
as
many
people
as
possible
and
they
need
to
be
able
to
speak
English
so
that
as
many
people
as
possible
can
understand
them.You
should
concentrate
on
this
goal,not
on
69
to
speak
“British”
or
“American”
English.?
I
hope
this
is
70 (help).?
答案:61.who 62.are 63.understanding 64.pleasure
65.or 66.their 67.harder 68.to
communicate
69.how 70.helpful
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Good
teachers
are
like
candles
that
gives
warmth
and
light
to
students.
Miss
Wang
is
one
of
the
good
teacher
of
mine.I
can
still
remember
that
cold
morning
when
I
was
walking
to
school
alone
as
usually.A
motorbike
knocked
me
down
and
race
off.I
was
left
on
the
icy
ground,cried
loudly.It
was
Miss
Wang
who
sent
me
to
nearest
hospital.Besides,she
went
to
the
hospital
to
help
me
with
the
missing
lessons
every
day.The
moment
when
I
think
of
it,I’ll
feel
warm.But
I’d
like
to
be
a
good
teacher
like
him
in
the
future.
答案:
第一句:gives→give
第二句:teacher→teachers
第三句:usually→usual
第四句:race→raced
第五句:cried→crying
第六句:nearest前加the
第七句:missing→missed
第八句:去掉when
第九句:But→So/And;him→her
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华,你校将举办一场交通安全知识讲座,你打算邀请外教John参加。请用英语给他写封邮件告知此事,主要内容包括:
1.讲座的时间和地点;
2.讲座的主题和内容;
3.自荐当他的翻译,期待他的出席。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已写好,不计入总词数。
Dear
John,
I’m
writing
to
tell
you
a
piece
of
good
news.?
?
?
Yours,
Li
Hua
参考范文
Dear
John,?
I’m
writing
to
tell
you
a
piece
of
good
news.There
will
be
a
lecture
about
traffic
safety
at
7
pm
next
Monday.Organized
by
our
school,it
will
be
held
in
the
school
hall.There
are
three
parts
of
the
lecture.At
first,our
headmaster
will
give
a
speech
to
us
on
behalf
of
the
school.Then
some
traffic
policemen
coming
from
our
city
will
show
us
some
pictures
about
traffic
accidents
and
tell
us
how
to
protect
ourselves
from
these
dangerous
situations.In
addition,they
will
teach
many
traffic
regulations
to
remind
us
to
pay
attention
to
traffic
safety.?
I
believe
the
lecture
will
be
educational,so
I
sincerely
invite
you
to
attend
it.If
you
don’t
mind,I
want
to
be
a
translator
for
you
to
help
you
understand
the
lecture.I’m
looking
forward
to
your
attendance.
Best
wishes.
Yours,
Li
Hua?
-
1
-(共22张PPT)
单元总结
重点词汇
1.aid
n.&vt.
?
first
aid(对伤患者的)急救
with
the
aid
of
sb.=with
one’s
aid借助于某人
in
aid
of为了帮助
aid
sb.to
do
sth.=aid
sb.in
(doing)
sth.=aid
sb.with
sth.帮助某人做某事
例如:My
uncle
aided
me
(继续我的学习).?
2.fall
ill (侧重动作)?
be
ill生病(侧重状态),可以与短时间连用;fall
ill不能与一段时间连用
例如:His
wife
suddenly
(生病)
last
week.?
帮助,援助,资助
to
continue
my
study/in
continuing
my
study
生病
fell
ill
3.in
place
?
out
of
place不在适当的位置,不恰当;in
one’s
place处于某人的境况;take
place发生;take
the
place代替
例如:You’d
better
put
everything
(在适当的位置).?
4.a
number
of
;
the
number
of
?
例如: (许多学生)
like
the
English
teacher
and
(学生的数目)is
increasing.?
在适当的位置,适当
in
place
若干/许多
……的数目
A
number
of
students
the
number
of
the
students
5.apply
vt. vi. ?
apply
(to
sb.)
for
sth.(向某人)申请某物
apply...to...把……应用于……
application
n.申请;applicant
n.申请人;applied
adj.实用的
例如:He
decided
to
(把这项技术应用于农业).?
涂,敷,搽,应用,运用
申请,请求,使用,有效
apply
this
technology
to
agriculture
重点句型
1.So
,if
your
skin
gets
burned
it
can
be
very
serious.?
因此,你可以想象到,如果你的皮肤烧伤了,就可能非常严重。
2.You
can
by
a
variety
of
things:hot
liquids,steam,fire,radiation(by
being
close
to
high
heat
or
fire,etc),the
sun,electricity
or
chemicals.?
你可能由于各种原因而被烧伤:灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。
as
you
can
imagine
get
burned
3.
the
bandage
with
tape.用胶布把绷带固定。?
4. ?
John’s
quick
action
and
knowledge
of
first
aid
saved
Ms.Slade’s
life.?
正是约翰快捷的反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。
5.
John’s
quick
thinking
and
the
first
aid
skills
he
learned
at
school
saved
Ms.Slade’s
life.?
毫无疑问,是约翰逊敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了斯莱德女士的命。
Hold
in
place
It
was
that
There
is
no
doubt
that
重点语法
省略
1.When
it
was
published,the
novel
was
popular
with
the
readers.(改为省略形式)
When
,the
novel
was
popular
with
the
readers.?
2.Anything
I
can
do
for
you?(把该句省略的部分补充出来)
there
anything
I
can
do
for
you??
published
Is
功能
Giving
instructions(指示)
1.Now
listen
carefully...(现在仔细听……)
2.Follow
these
instructions.(按照这些指示做。)
3.Don’t...because...(不要做……,因为……)
4.Take
care
to...(小心……)
5.Be
careful
(not)
to...(小心<不>……)
6.Watch
out
for...(当心……)
7.Look
out
for...and...(当心……和……)
8.Make
sure
that...(务必……)
9.If
it
is...go
to
the
hospital.(如果……要去医院。)
10.Mind
you
do/don’t...(注意你做/不做……)
11.Never...(绝不要……)
阅读理解之细节理解解题技巧
一、速读文章,定位题干信息。
首先,认真阅读题干,根据关键词明确答题方向;然后速读文章寻找题干内容,要有重点地、有针对性地阅读,冗余无效的信息可以略读甚至不读。最后,仔细比较所给选项,与原文信息对应,锁定正确选项。
【例1】
Cherry
Blossom
Bike
Tour
in
Washington,D.C.
Duration:3
hours
This
small
group
bike
tour
is
a
fantastic
way
to
see
the
world-famous
cherry
trees
with
beautiful
flowers
of
Washington,D.C.Your
guide
will
provide
a
history
lesson
about
the
trees
and
the
famous
monuments
where
they
blossom.Reserve
your
spot
before
availability—and
the
cherry
blossoms—disappear!
21.Which
tour
do
you
need
to
book
in
advance?
A.Cherry
Blossom
Bike
Tour
in
Washington,D.C.
B.Washington
Capital
Monuments
Bicycle
Tour.
C.Capital
City
Bike
Tour
in
Washington,D.C.
D.Washington
Capital
Sites
at
Night
Bicycle
Tour.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据Cherry
Blossom
Bike
Tour
in
Washington,D.C.中的“Reserve
your
spot
before
availability—and
the
cherry
blossoms—disappear!”可知,华盛顿特区的樱花自行车之旅需要提前预订。
二、转换选项语义,找准关键词。
间接信息题不仅要求读者能从阅读材料中直接获取信息,而且还要将获取的信息用同义或者近义的语言形式进行复述或者转换。首先,阅读题干,有针对性地扫读原文,锁定相关词句等信息。准确理解每个选项的意思,寻找与原文信息相关的同义、近义或者反义的词或者短语,有时候选项通过转变词性和结构来表达原文信息,需要仔细比对选项和原文信息,选择最佳选项。
【例2】
No
statistics
show
the
number
of
grandparents
like
Garza
who
are
moving
closer
to
adult
children
and
grandchildren.Yet
there
is
evidence
suggesting
that
the
trend
is
growing.Even
President
Obama’s
mother-in-law,Marian
Robinson,has
agreed
to
leave
Chicago
and
move
into
the
White
House
to
help
care
for
her
granddaughters.According
to
a
study
by
grandparents.com,83
percent
of
the
people
said
Mrs.Robinson’s
decision
will
influence
grandparents
in
the
American
family.Two-thirds
believe
more
families
will
follow
the
example
of
Obama’s
family.
26.What
was
the
reaction
of
the
public
to
Mrs.Robinson’s
decision?
A.17%
expressed
their
support
for
it.
B.Few
people
responded
sympathetically.
C.83%
believed
it
had
a
bad
influence.
D.The
majority
thought
it
was
a
trend.
答案:D
解析:题干中的关键词是
Mrs.Robinson’s
decision。用Mrs.Robinson’s
decision寻读,在文中找到信息源:...83
percent
of
the
people
said
Mrs.Robinson’s
decision
will
influence
grandparents
in
the
American
family.Two-thirds
believe
more
families
will
follow
the
example
of
Obama’s
family.根据最后一句内容可推断出,三分之二的人认为会有更多的家庭仿效Mrs.Robinson的做法;D项的意思是:“大多数人认为老人搬到成年的子女身边和子女共同生活是一种社会发展趋势”。选项中的a
trend也是非常重要的关键词与原文的more
families
will
follow相匹配。故D项是原文的同义替换。
三、定位信息段落,分析整合归纳。
考生要从文段中获得回答细节理解题的具体信息,可以直接找到包含所需信息的段落,迅速划定关键词语,然后重点理解。对于离散型的细节理解或者数字运算题,需要找到与之相关的事实或者数据,对其进行分析整合。注意根据文段结构和写作顺序,有针对性地寻读,迅速锁定相关内容。如:
【例3】
...
When
a
secretary
in
my
office
first
called
him
“motorhead”,I
was
shocked.“Hey,he’s
a
good
kid,”
I
wanted
to
say,“And
smart,really.”
...
These
kids
are
happiest
when
doing
repairs.They
joke
and
laugh
and
are
living
in
their
own
relaxed
world.And
their
minds
are
bright
despite
their
dirty
hands
and
clothes.
I
have
learned
a
lot
from
my
motorhead:publishers
need
printers,engineers
need
mechanics,and
architects
need
builders.Most
important,I
have
learned
that
fathers
don’t
need
clones
in
footsteps
or
anywhere
else.
My
son
may
never
make
the
school
honor
roll.But
he
made
mine.
44.In
the
author’s
eyes,motorheads
are
.?
A.tidy
and
hardworking
B.cheerful
and
smart
C.lazy
but
bright
D.relaxed
but
rude
答案:B
解析:题干中的关键词motorheads。扫视全文结构就可以看出此题答案分散在第四段和倒数第三段。根据第四段的“And
smart,really.”和倒数第三段第二句“They
joke
and
laugh
and
are
living
in
their
own
relaxed
world.”以及第三句“And
their
minds
are
bright...”可知,作者认为这些孩子们在工作的时候非常快乐,同时他们也非常聪明。原文的cheerful,smart,bright与题干中的cheerful
and
smart相呼应。
语篇导读:1666年9月2日凌晨,伦敦市布丁巷一间面包店失火,由于当时所建房屋大多为木质结构,导致满城大火持续燃烧了4天,著名的圣保罗大教堂也在火灾中被毁,火灾造成重大人员伤亡和经济损失,数万人无家可归。
It
was
1
am
on
Sunday
2
September,1666.London
was
sleeping.In
a
small
bakery
in
Pudding
Lane,Thomas
Farriner
and
his
workers
were
busily
making
bread
for
the
coming
day
when,suddenly,a
fire
broke
out.
In
the
bakery,a
worker
didn’t
look
after
the
ovens
properly.They
got
too
hot
and
sparks
from
the
fire
began
to
fly.The
①blaze
spread
②swiftly
after
the
sparks
fell
on
hay
in
the
yard
of
an
inn
next
door.
The
weather
that
year
had
been
very
hot.It
hadn’t
rained
for
months.A
strong
wind
was
blowing
from
the
east.The
situation
provided
the
perfect
conditions
for
flames
to
spread
quickly.What
followed
was
one
of
the
biggest
disasters
of
the
17th
century
world.?
The
fire
spread
quickly,but
it
was
also
very
difficult
to
fight.It
started
in
a
poor
area
of
the
city,where
houses
were
built
very
close
to
one
another.As
the
disaster
happened,people
lost
their
head.
Some
had
to
break
their
doors
down
to
get
out
of
their
homes.The
streets
were
blocked
with
people
and
with
things
that
had
fallen
from
houses.Many
people
were
carrying
their
most
important
things
and
were
trying
to
run
away
from
flames
and
the
smoke.They
cried
out
in
fear.Some
left
the
city
on
boats.Others
simply
jumped
into
the
river
to
save
themselves.?
The
fire
had
been
burning
almost
four
days
when
the
Duke
of
York
put
a
plan
into
action.His
soldiers
knocked
down
a
large
storehouse
full
of
paper.This
created
a
“fire
break”
that
flames
could
not
jump
over.At
about
this
time,the
wind
also
changed
direction,driving
the
fire
back
into
itself.
At
last,the
flames
died
down
enough
to
be
controlled.?
Amazingly,only
six
people
were
③definitely
known
to
have
died
in
the
flames.However,historians
suspect
the
true
death
④toll
was
much
higher.Though
⑤casualties
were
light,thousands
were
financially
ruined.At
least
13,000
houses—80
percent
of
the
city’s
buildings—had
been
destroyed.Thousands
of
people
had
lost
everything
they
owned.Many
Londoners
moved
away
from
their
city
and
never
returned.
词海拾贝
①blaze[bleIz]
n.火焰,烈火
v.燃烧
②swiftly
[?swIftlI]ad.很快地,即刻
③definitely
[?defInItlI]adj.明确地,确切地
adv.肯定地
④toll[t??l]
n.代价
⑤casualty
[?k??u?ltI]n.伤亡者
典句欣赏
①What
followed
was
one
of
the
biggest
disasters
of
the
17th
century
world.
紧接着发生的就是17世纪全世界最大的灾难之一。
②As
the
disaster
happened,people
lost
their
head.
灾难发生的时候,人们丧失了理智。
③At
about
this
time,the
wind
also
changed
direction,driving
the
fire
back
into
itself.
在这个时候,风转了向,使得火苗刮向了它自己。
