(共31张PPT)
第二篇
专项提升
第三部分
句型巩固
第四节
祈
使
句
知识梳理
祈使句是表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等的句子,主语通常被省略,谓语动词用原形。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,读时用降调。当表示劝告、请求时,可在祈使句句末加上please(常用逗号隔开),以使语气更加委婉,更加客气,please也可以放在句首。祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能喝情态动词连用。
一、祈使句的概述
eg:命令:Go
and
wash
your
hands!
请求:Be
quiet,
please.
劝告:Be
kind
to
your
friends.
警告:Watch
your
steps.
禁止:Keep
off
the
grass!
祈使句
let开头的祈使句
祈使句的结构
祈使句的用法
1.实义动词原形+其他.
eg:Have
a
good
time.
愿你玩的开心。
Come
in,please.
请进来。
知识点2
祈使句的肯定形式
2.Be动词+其他(形容词、名词等)
eg:Be
careful
when
crossing
the
street.
过马路时要小心。
Be
a
good
boy.
做个好孩子。
3.Let+宾语+动词原形+其他.
eg:Let
me
have
a
rest.
让我休息一会儿吧。
Let
us
help
you.
让我们帮助你吧。
注意!
有时为了加强语气,可以在动词原形之前加上do,表示“务必,一定”。
eg:Do
come
on
time.
务必准时来。
1.
Don't+实义动词原形+其他.
eg:Don't
eat
in
the
classroom.
不要在教室里吃东西。
知识点3
祈使句的否定形式
2.
Don't
+be动词+其他(形容词、名词等)
eg:Don't
be
nervous.
不要紧张。
Don't
be
late
for
school.
不要迟到。
3.let开头的祈使句
(1)let开头后跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格,变否定句时,可在let前加Don't,也可以在let后的名词或代词的宾格之后加not。
eg:Don't
let
me
go
with
her
tomorrow.
=Let
me
not
go
with
her
tomorrow.
(2)以Let's开头的祈使句的否定形式必须在let's后加not。
eg:Let's
not
waste
time.
咱们别浪费时间了。
4.普通祈使句的否定形式也可以在动词原形前加never,其语气较强。
eg:Never
do
the
again.
再不要这样做。
5.在公共场合的提示语中,否定形式的祈使句常用“No+名词/动词ing形式”,表示禁止做某事。
eg:No
Photos!
禁止拍照!
No
Entry!
禁止入内!
No
Passing!
禁止通行!
祈使句的动作是未发生的动作,常用I
will来回答其肯定式,表示愿意接受请求或命令;用I
won't来回答其否定式。另外,
表示接受let's...句式提出的建议常用Allright.
/OK./
That's
a
good
idea.
等。
知识点4
祈使句的答语
eg:Don't
forget
to
come
to
my
birthday
party
tomorrow.
明天别忘记来参加我的生日聚会。
一I
won't.
我不会忘记的。
一Let's
go
swinming,
shall
we
?
让我们去
游泳吧,好吗?
一All
right.
好的。
常用结构为:祈使句+
and/or
+简单句.相当于计引导的条件状语从句。
eg:Huny
up,or
you'll
be
late
for
scho.快点,否则你上学会迟到的。
=If
you
don't
hurry
up,youll
be
late
for
school
.
Study
hard,
and
you
wil
pass
the
exam.努力学习,
你就会通过考试。
=If
you
study
hard,
you
will
pass
the
exam。
知识点5
祈使句与陈述句的并列使用
陈述句与祈使句存在否定条件关系时,用or来连接
祈使句与陈述句存在顺承关系时,用and来连接
注意!
1.在在意思较明显的情况下,可以把谓语动词省去。
eg:This
way,
please.请这边走。
2.祈使句的主语you常常被省略,但如果要特别强调对方或表达某种情绪时,可以有主语或加称呼。
eg:You
be
quiet!你给我安静点!
Come
in,
enbdy
!大家都进来!
知识点6
考点精析
考查祈使句的运用
考点
【例1】Read
and
choose.
给下列标志选择适当的标志语。(填字母编号)
A.
No
smoking.
B.
Don't
turn
right.
C.
No
parking.
D.Don't
talk
!
_________
_________
_________
_________
1.
2.
3.
4.
解析:本题考查根据图片选择适当的祈使句。祈使句最常见的用法就是用在警示牌上。
答案:1.
2.
3.
4.
B
D
A
C
考查祈使句在情景交际中的运用
考点2
【例2】Read
and
write.
根据所提供的场景写出适当的祈使句。
1.
有几个孩子在学校走廊上跑,你会对他们说:
________________________________________________________
2.
有小朋友在无人监管的河里游泳,你会对他们说:
________________________________________________________
解析:本题考查祈使句的日常用法。注意口语表达的时候,禁止类祈使句多用Don't
形式。
答案:1.
2.
Don't
run
in
the
hallway
.
Don't
swim
in
the
river.
一、Read
and
judge.
判断下列句子是否是祈使句,
是的打“
√
”,不是的
打“×”。
1.
Don't
be
late.
(
)
2.
How
pretty!
(
)
3.
Let
me
try
again.
(
)
4.
What
a
clever
boy!
(
)
5.
Be
quiet,
please.
(
)
√
×
√
×
√
举一反三
二、Read
and
write.
将下列句子改为祈使句。
1.
You
must
not
look
out
of
the
window.
_________________________________________________________
2.
You
may
let
the
children
play
the
piano.
_________________________________________________________
3.
You
shouldn't
drive
too
fast.
_________________________________________________________
Don't
look
out
of
the
window.
Let
the
children
play
the
piano.
Don't
drive
too
fast.
三、Read
and
write.
根据所提供的场景写出适当的祈使句。
1.
邀请朋友做客,你想请他吃香蕉,你会说:
_________________________________________________________
2.
你想邀请朋友一起去公园,你会说:
_________________________________________________________
3.
你想让图书馆的小朋友小声说话,你会说:
_________________________________________________________
Have
a
banana,
please!
Let's
go
to
the
park.
Keep
quietly.
一、Read
and
choose.
看图,根据图片选出相应的祈使句。(填字母编号)
A.
No
swimming.
B.
Keep
quietly.
C.
Keep
off
the
grass.
D.
No
littering.
E.
No
going
straight
sign
.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
A
C
B
D
E
过关检测
二、Read
and
write.
将下列句子改为祈使句。
1.
You
mustn't
swim
in
the
river.
_________________________________________________________
2.
You
can't
eat
in
the
classroom.
_________________________________________________________
3.
You
mustn't
smoke
here.
_________________________________________________________
4.
You
mustn't
be
late
for
school.
_________________________________________________________
Don't
swimming!
Don't
eat
in
the
classroom!
Don't
smoke
here.
Don't
be
late
for
school!
三、Read
and
choose.
单项填空。
(
)1.
If
you
don't
hurry,you'll
be
__________
for
school.
A.
late
B.
early
C.
to
late
(
)2.
Let's
go__________
,shall
we?.
A.
shop
B.
shopping
C.
shops
(
)3.
Be
__________
when
crossing
the
street.
A.
care
B.
carefully
C.
careful
(
)4.
__________
the
desk
clean.
You
may
use
them
later.
A.
Keep
B.
Keeping
C.
To
keep
A
B
C
A
四、Read
and
translate.
翻译句子。
1.
请不要粗心。
_________________________________________________________
2.
别让他们玩火。
_________________________________________________________
3.
请你们两个读课文。
_________________________________________________________
4.
请起来。
_________________________________________________________
Please
don't
be
careless.
Don't
let
them
play
with
fire.
You
two
read
the
text,please.
Stand
up,please.
谢谢
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