高考英语阅读理解真题解析翻译—2019年全国II卷（全文翻译）

高考阅读理解真题解析翻译—2019年全国II卷（全文翻译，共9页）
A
My
Favourite
Books
我最喜欢的书
Jo
Usmar
is
a
writer
for
Cosmopolitan
and
co-author
of
the
This
Book
Will
series（系列）of
lifestyle
books.
Here
she
picks
her
top
reads.
乔·乌斯马是《四海为家》（Cosmopolitan）的作者，也是《这本书的遗嘱》（This
Book
Will）系列生活方式书籍的作者。在这里，她挑选了自己最喜欢的读物。
Matilda
Roald
Dahl
I
once
wrote
a
paper
on
the
influence
of
fairy
tales
on
Roald
Dahl's
writing
and
it
gave
me
a
new
appreciation
for
his
strange
and
delightful
words.
Matilda's
battles
with
her
cruel
parents
and
the
bossy
headmistress,
Miss
Trunchbull，are
equally
funny
and
frightening,
but
they're
also
aspirational.
《玛蒂尔达》
罗尔德·达尔
我曾经写了一篇关于童话对罗尔德·达尔写作的影响的论文，他那奇怪而令人愉快的话语让我耳目一新。玛蒂尔达与她残忍的父母和专横的女校长特伦奇布尔小姐的斗争是有趣且令人恐惧的，但同时玛蒂尔达的抗争也激起了人们心中斗志。
词汇：
fairy
tale
神话故事；童话
appreciation
n.
欣赏；感激
cruel
adj.
无情的；残忍的
bossy
adj.
专横的；跋扈的
headmistress
n.
女校长
frightening
adj.
令人恐惧的
aspirational
adj.
有雄心壮志的：有抱负的
After
Dark
Haruki
Murakami
It’s
about
two
sisters
—
Eri,
a
model
who
either
won’t
or
can’t
stop
sleeping,
and
Mari,
a
young
student.
In
trying
to
connect
to
her
sister,
Mari
starts
changing
her
life
and
discovers
a
world
of
diverse
"night
people"
who
are
hiding
secrets.
《黄昏以后》
村上春树
这是关于两个姐妹的故事——艾瑞，一个不停睡觉的模特，和玛丽，一个年轻的学生。在试图与姐姐联系的过程中，玛丽开始改变自己的生活，并发现了一个隐藏着秘密的多元化“夜猫子”的世界。
词汇：
diverse
adj.
多样的
Gone
Girl
Gillian
Flynn
There
was
a
bit
of
me
that
didn't
want
to
love
this
when
everyone
else
on
the
planet
did,
but
the
horror
story
is
brilliant.
There's
tension
and
anxiety
from
the
beginning
as
Nick
and
Amy
battle
for
your
trust.
It's
a
real
whodunit
and
the
frustration
when
you
realise
what's
going
on
is
horribly
enjoyable.
《消失的女孩》
吉莉安·弗琳
当这个星球上的其他人都喜欢这个的时候，我有一点不想喜欢它，但是这个恐怖故事太精彩了。尼克和艾米为赢取你的信任而战，从一开始就有紧张和焦虑。这是一个真正的谎言，当你意识到正在发生的事情是可怕的享受时，你会感到沮丧。
词汇：
horror
n.
恐惧；惊悚
tension
n.
紧张
anxiety
n.
焦虑
whodunit
n.
侦探小说；推理小说
frustration
n.
挫折；挫败
horribly
adv.
可怕地
长难句：
There
was
a
bit
of
me
that
didn't
want
to
love
this
when
everyone
else
on
the
planet
did,
but
the
horror
story
is
brilliant.
a
bit
of
me
：“我（心里）的一部分”是先行词，被定语从句that
didn’t
want
to
love
this
修饰。“在我心里有一部分是不想喜欢它···”
The
Stand
Stephen
King
This
is
an
excellent
fantasy
novel
from
one
of
the
best
storytellers
around.
After
a
serious
flu
outbreak
wipes
out
99.4%
of
the
world's
population,
a
battle
unfolds
between
good
and
evil
among
those
left.
Randall
Flagg
is
one
of
the
scariest
characters
ever.
《看台》
史提芬·金
这是一部优秀的幻想小说，出自周围最好的说书人之手。在一场严重的流感爆发夺去了99.4%的世界人口后，一场正义与邪恶的战争在那些剩下的人中展开了。兰德尔·弗拉格是有史以来最恐怖的人物之一。
词汇：
fantasy
novel
奇幻小说
unfold
v.
展开；打开
（同根词：fold
v.
折叠）
evil
n.
/
adj.
邪恶（的）
scary
adj.
可怕的；吓人的
21.
Who
does
"I"
refer
to
in
the
text?
文中“我”指的是谁？
A.
Stephen
King.
B.
Gillian
Flynn.
C.
Jo
Usmar.
D.
Roald
Dahl.
【答案：
C
】
22.
Which
of
the
following
tells
about
Mari
and
Eri?
以下哪一项讲述了玛丽和艾瑞？
A.
Cosmopolitan.
B.
Matilda.
C.
After
Dark.
D.
The
Stand.
【答案：
C
】
23.
What
kind
of
book
is
Gone
Girl?
《消失的女孩》是什么样的书？
A.
A
folk
tale.
民间故事
B.
A
biography.
传记
C.
A
love
story.
爱情故事
D.
A
horror
story.
恐怖故事
【答案：
D
】
B
"You
can
use
me
as
a
last
resort（选择）,
and
if
nobody
else
volunteers,
then
I
will
do
it."
This
was
an
actual
reply
from
a
parent
after
I
put
out
a
request
for
volunteers
for
my
kids'
lacrosse（长曲棍球）club.
“你可以把我作为最后的选择，如果没有其他人自愿，那我就去做。”这是一位家长的真实回复，此前，我动员家长们为我孩子们的长曲棍球俱乐部做志愿者。
词汇：
put
out
a
request
for…
提出对……的请求
I
guess
that
there's
probably
some
demanding
work
schedule,
or
social
anxiety
around
stepping
up
to
help
for
an
unknown
sport.
She
may
just
need
a
little
persuading.
So
I
try
again
and
tug
at
the
heartstrings.
I
mention
the
single
parent
with
four
kids
running
the
show
and
I
talk
about
the
dad
coaching
a
team
that
his
kids
aren’t
even
on…
At
this
point
the
unwilling
parent
speaks
up,
"Alright.
Yes,
I’ll
do
it."
我想可能会有一些人时间较紧，或者有些是社交焦虑，因为是在为一项未知的运动提供帮助。这位家长可能只是需要一点鼓励。所以我又尝试打动她，我提到有四个孩子的单亲家长在主持节目，我谈到一位父亲在指导一个他的孩子都不在的团队……这时，这位不情愿的家长终于开口说，“好吧！行，我愿意接受。”
词汇：
persuade
v.
说服；劝说
mention
v.
提及；说起
single
parent
单亲家长
unwilling
adj.
不愿意的；勉强的
（反义词：willing
adj.
愿意的）
长难句：
I
guess
that
there's
probably
some
demanding
work
schedule,
or
social
anxiety
around
stepping
up
to
help
for
an
unknown
sport.
1）
此句是个宾语从句。that
there’s
probably
…sport
是
I
guess
…
的宾语从句。
2）
demanding
work
schedule,
or
social
anxiety
是
there
is
…
的主语，由于是
“or”连接的并列主语，所以用单数is
。
3）
around
stepping
up
to
help
for
an
unknown
sport
是
social
anxiety的后置定语。
4）
there
be
句式作宾语从句前加that，例如：
You'll
find?that?there?are?many
things
you
don't
want
to
admit
about
yourself
and
others.
你会发现自己不想承认一些,关于你自己和其他人的事。
I’m
secretly
relieved
because
I
know
there’s
real
power
in
sharing
volunteer
responsibilities
among
many.
The
unwilling
parent
organizes
the
meal
schedule,
sends
out
emails,
and
collects
money
for
end-of-season
gifts.
Somewhere
along
the
way,
the
same
parent
ends
up
becoming
an
invaluable
member
of
the
team.
The
coach
is
able
to
focus
on
the
kids
while
the
other
parents
are
relieved
to
be
off
the
hook
for
another
season.
Handing
out
sliced
oranges
to
bloodthirsty
kids
can
be
as
exciting
as
watching
your
own
kid
score
a
goal.
我暗暗松了一口气，因为我知道在许多人之间有个真正的动力促使人们去分担志愿者的责任。开始时，这位勉为其难的家长组织用餐时间表，发送电子邮件，为季末礼物募捐。然而这个过程中，正是这位家长最终成为了团队里非常重要的一员。所以教练可以把注意力集中在孩子身上，而其他父母则可以放心地在下一个赛季解脱出来。给口干舌燥的孩子分发橘子片就像看着自己的孩子进球一样令人兴奋。
词汇：
relieved
adj.
感到宽慰的；释然的
invaluable
adj.
无价的
focus
on
专注于…
off
the
hook
摆脱困境；脱身
Still,
most
of
us
volunteers
breathe
a
sigh
of
relief
when
the
season
comes
to
a
close.
That
relief
is
coupled
with
a
deep
understanding
of
why
the
same
people
keep
coming
back
for
more:
Connecting
to
the
community（社区）as
you
freely
give
your
time,
money,
skills,
or
services
provides
a
real
joy.
Volunteering
just
feels
so
good.
尽管如此，当赛季接近尾声时，我们大多数志愿者都会松一口气。伴随着这种解脱，人们也深刻理解了为什么同样的人不断回来做更多的贡献:
当你与社区联系，自由地付出时间、金钱、技能或服务时，会带来真正的快乐。志愿工作感觉真好。
词汇：
breathe
a
sigh
of
relief
如释重负；松了一口气
In
that
sense,
I’m
pretty
sure
volunteering
is
more
of
a
selfish
act
than
I’d
freely
like
to
admit.
However,
if
others
benefit
in
the
process,
and
I
get
some
reward
too,
does
it
really
matter
where
my
motivation
lies?
从这个意义上说，我很确定志愿服务是一种自利的行为，而这不是我愿意承认的。然而，如果其他人在这个过程中受益，我也得到了一些回报，我的动机在哪里真的重要吗？
词汇：
selfish
adj.
自私的
motivation
n.
动机；（做某事的）动力
长难句：
In
that
sense,
I’m
pretty
sure
volunteering
is
more
of
a
selfish
act
than
I’d
freely
like
to
admit.
句型：more
(
of
/
like
)
A
than
B
“更像是A，而不是B”，例如：
He's
more
like
a
film
star
than
a
lifeguard,
really.??
与其说他像个救生员，倒不如说他像个影星，真的。
Sue
screamed,
not
loudly,
more
in
surprise
than
terror.??
苏尖叫起来，声音不大，与其说是害怕不如说是吃惊。
24.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
parent
from
her
reply
in
paragraph
l?
从她在第一段的回答中，我们能推断出这位家长是怎样的？
A.
She
knows
little
about
the
club.
她对俱乐部知之甚少。
B.
She
isn't
good
at
sports.
她不擅长运动。
C.
She
just
doesn't
want
to
volunteer.
她只是不想做志愿者。
D.
She's
unable
to
meet
her
schedule.她不能完成自己的工作计划。
【答案：
C
】
25.
What
does
the
underlined
phrase
"tug
at
the
heartstrings"
in
paragraph
2
mean?
第二段划线的短语“tug
at
the
heartstrings”是什么意思？
A.
Encourage
team
work.
鼓励团队协作。
B.
Appeal
to
feelings.
打动她。（吸引对方的情感。）
C.
Promote
good
deeds.
宣扬善行。
D.
Provide
advice.
提供建议。
【答案：
B
】
26.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
parent
from
paragraph
3
?
从第三段中，我们可以了解到这位家长怎样了
？
A.
She
gets
interested
in
lacrosse.
她开始对曲棍球感兴趣。
B.
She
is
proud
of
her
kids.
她为她的孩子感到骄傲。
C.
She’ll
work
for
another
season.
她将再工作一季。
D.
She
becomes
a
good
helper.
他成了一个好帮手。
【答案：
D
】
27.
Why
does
the
author
like
doing
volunteer
work?作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作？
A.
It
gives
her
a
sense
of
duty.
这给了她一种责任感。
B.
It
makes
her
very
happy.
这让她非常开心。
C.
It
enables
her
to
work
hard.
这使她能够努力工作。
D.
It
brings
her
material
rewards.
这给她带来了物质回报。
【答案：
B
】
C
D
Bacteria
are
an
annoying
problem
for
astronauts.
The
microorganisms（微生物）
from
our
bodies
grow
uncontrollably
on
surfaces
of
the
International
Space
Station,
so
astronauts
spend
hours
cleaning
them
up
each
week.
How
is
NASA
overcoming
this
very
tiny
big
problem?
It’s
turning
to
a
bunch
of
high
school
kids.
But
not
just
any
kids.
It
depending
on
NASA
HUNCH
high
school
classrooms,
like
the
one
science
teachers
Gene
Gordon
and
Donna
Himmelberg
lead
at
Fairport
High
School
in
Fairport,
New
York.
细菌对宇航员来说是一个恼人的问题。微生物在国际空间站的表面上不受控制地繁殖，宇航员每周都要花几个小时清理它们。那么美国宇航局是如何克服这个非常小的大问题的？他们的办法是求助一群高中生，但不是任何孩子都可以的。它依赖于美国宇航局的HEUNG高中教室，比如在纽约费尔波特费尔波特高中，由自然科学教师吉恩·戈登和唐娜·希姆伯格所带领的那一群孩子。
词汇：
uncontrollably
adv.
不受控制地
a
bunch
of
一群；一束；一捆
HUNCH
is
designed
to
connect
high
school
classrooms
with
NASA
engineers.
For
the
past
two
years,
Gordon’s
students
have
been
studying
ways
to
kill
bacteria
in
zero
gravity,
and
they
think
they’re
close
to
a
solution（解决方案）.
“We
don’t
give
the
students
any
breaks.
They
have
to
do
it
just
like
NASA
engineers,”
says
Florence
Gold,
a
project
manager.
HUNCH旨在连接高中教室和美国宇航局工程师。在过去的两年里，戈登的学生一直在研究在零重力下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为他们已经快要找到一个解决方案了。“我们不给学生任何休息时间。他们必须像美国宇航局的工程师一样去做，”项目经理弗洛伦斯·戈尔德说。
词汇：
designed
adj.
精心设计的；故意的；有计划的
"There
are
no
tests,"
Gordon
says.
"There
is
no
graded
homework.
There
almost
are
no
grades,
other
than
'Are
you
working
towards
your
goal?'
Basically,
it’s
'I’ve
got
to
produce
this
product
and
then,
at
the
end
of
year,
present
it
to
NASA.'
Engineers
come
and
really
do
an
in-person
review,
and...
it’s
not
a
very
nice
thing
at
times.
It’s
a
hard
business
review
of
your
product."
“没有考试，没有分级作业。”戈登说，“除了‘你在朝着你的目标努力吗？’基本上，就是‘我必须做出这个产品，然后在年底，把它展示给美国宇航局’。工程师们真的亲自来做检查，然后...有时候这不是一件好事。这是对你的产品的一次苛刻的商业检查。”
词汇：
present
v.
提交；呈现
review
n.
评论；检查
Gordon
says
the
HUNCH
program
has
an
impact（影响）
on
college
admissions
and
practical
life
skills.
"These
kids
are
so
absorbed
in
their
studies
that
I
just
sit
back.
I
don’t
teach."
And
that
annoying
bacteria?
Gordon
says
his
students
are
emailing
daily
with
NASA
engineers
about
the
problem,
readying
a
workable
solution
to
test
in
space.
戈登说HUNCH项目在大学录取和实际生活技能方面对这群孩子有重要的影响。“这些孩子全神贯注于他们的学习，我只是旁观，我不会直接教授。”那讨厌的细菌呢？戈登说，他的学生每天都给美国宇航局的工程师发电子邮件，讨论这个问题，准备一个可行的解决方案在太空进行测试。
词汇：
absorbed
adj.
专注的；投入的
annoying
adj.
讨厌的；烦人的
32.
What
do
we
know
about
the
bacteria
in
the
International
Space
Station?
我们对国际空间站中的细菌了解多少？
A.
They
are
hard
to
get
rid
of.
它们很难清除。
B.
They
lead
to
air
pollution.
它们导致空气污染。
C.
They
appear
in
different
forms.
它们以不同的形式出现。
D.
They
damage
the
instruments.
它们会损坏仪器。
【答案：A
】
33.
What
is
the
purpose
of
the
HUNCH
program?
HUNCH程序的目的是什么？
A.
To
strengthen
teacher-student
relationships.
加强师生关系。
B.
To
sharpen
students’
communication
skills.
提高学生的沟通技巧。
C.
To
allow
students
to
experience
zero
gravity.
让学生体验零重力。
D.
To
link
space
technology
with
school
education.
将空间技术与学校教育联系起来。
【答案：
D
】
34.
What
do
the
NASA
engineers
do
for
the
students
in
the
program?
美国宇航局的工程师为项目中的学生做了什么？
A.
Check
their
product.
检查他们的产品。
B.
Guide
project
designs.
指导项目设计。
C.
Adjust
work
schedules.
调整工作时间表。
D.
Grade
their
homework.
给他们的作业打分。
【答案：A
】
35.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
这篇课文的最佳标题是什么？
A.
NASA:
The
Home
of
Astronauts
美国航天局:宇航员的家园
B.
Space:
The
Final
Homework
Frontier空间:最后的作业边界
C.
Nature:
An
Outdoor
Classroom
自然:户外教室
D.
HUNCH:
A
College
Admission
Reform
HUNCH:大学入学改革
【答案：
B
】
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