高中英语概要写作素材积累清单

概要写作素材
概要写作素材1--关键词转换1
1.现象
a
prevailing
trend
---
gain
popularity;
phenomenon---issue;?
youngsters---teenagers---adolescents;?
buy---purchase;?
are
likely
to---tend
to
do;?
common---universal;?
choice---
option
2.因果
result
from---
be
attributed
to;?
result
in
---
a
contributing
factor
---
contribute
to;
be
associated
with=have
something
to
do
with
3.利弊
have
a
bad
effect
on
---
exert
a
negative
impact
on;?
essential---
fundamental;?
regard...
as---
view...
as;?
difficult---
demanding;?
huge---immense;?
put...at
risk---
put...in
danger;?
although---despite;?
sometimes---
occasionally---
in
some
circumstances;?
strengthen
the
relationship---
enhance
the
bond,?
loss---lack;?
appeal
to---cater
to;?
can’t---
fail
to
do
4.例举
include
---
involve;?
such
as---like---including---ranging
from...to...;?
different---diverse
5.作用
be
used
to
do
---
be
intended
to
do;?
work
well---
function
properly;
know---acquaint
oneself
with?
6.因果
doubtful---skeptical;?
believe---argue;?
instead
of---contrary
to;?
discussion---
controversy
researches
show
–
studies
indicate;?
difference---contrast
7.解决
proper---
appropriate;?
enough---sufficient---adequate;?
recommend---advocate---it’s
advisable
to;?
reasonable---rational;?
optional---alternative;?
prohibit---ban;?
manage---
regulate
solve---
address---settle;?
instead
of---
rather
than;?
limit---restrict;?
achieve---
accomplish;?
praise---
give
credit
to
8.建立
be
set
up---
be
founded---be
established;?
make---enable
9.连词
therefore---
consequently;?
however---nevertheless---yet;?
moreover---additionally---meanwhile；
in
fact---actually
概要写作素材2--词汇转换1
(名词+动词及短语)
一、名词，名词短语的转换
1.
target—goal(目标)
2.
problem—issue(难题)?
3.
chance—opportunity
(机会)
4.
adventure—expedition(冒险)?
5.
resident—citizen(居民)?
6.
influence—impact(影响)?
?
7.
method—way,
approach(方法)??
8.
old
people—the
aged,
the
elderly(老人)
9.
difficulty—obstacle,
barrier,
challenge(困难)?
10.
people—individual,
person,
human(人)?
11.fame—reputation,
renown,
prestige(名声)?
12.with
no
rain
at
all—droughts(干旱)
13.advantage—merit,
virtue,
benefit,
upside,
strength(优势)?
14.
disadvantage—drawback,
downside,
weakness
15.development—advance,
progress(缺陷)
16.
body
language—gesture(姿势)?
17.
district—zone,
place,
region(地区)
18.
litter—rubbish,
trash(垃圾)??????????????
19.
expressway—freeway,
highway(高速公路)?
20.
wealth—fortune,
property(财富，财产)
21.
economic
downturn—economic
depression(经济低迷)
二、动词，动词短语的转换
1.
get—acquire,
obtain(得到)
2.
reduce—decrease,
lessen,
cut(减少)?
3.
improve—promote,
enhance(改进)
4.
help—assist,
aid(帮助)
5.
have—posses,
own(拥有)?
6.
agree
(with)—approve(同意)
7.
thank—appreciate(感谢)?
8.
walk—cover(步行)?
9.
express—convey(表达)?
10.make
sure—ensure(确信)
11.solve—cope
with,
deal
with,
resolve(解决)
12.encourage—motivate,
fuel(鼓励，激发)
13.think—claim,
consider,
believe,
insist,
maintain,
hold,
argue(认为)
14.keep—preserve,
reserve,
maintain(保持)?
15.damage—hurt,
injure,
harm,
impair,
undermine(损害)
16.give—offer,
provide,
supply(给与)?
17.develop—cultivate,
foster
(培养)?????
18.declare—claim(宣称)?
?
?
19.protect—conserve,
preserve(保护)??
??
20.prevent—slop(阻止)
21.ensure—assure,
guarantee(确保)
22.clear—eliminate,
remove(消除)
23.be
devoted
to
doing—be
committed
to
doing(致力于)??
24.undergo—experience(经历)
25.lead
to—bring
about,
result
in,
cause(导致)?
26.request—demand,
need,
require(要求)
27.show—reveal,
illustrate,
demonstrate,
present(展示)?
28.book—reserve(预订)
29.grow
to—rise
to,
increase
to,
climb
to,
jump
to(增长至)??
30.put
off—delay(推迟)
31.fall
to—decline
to,
decrease
to,
drop
to,
reduce
to(降低至)
32.give
permission
to
do—allow
sb
to
do(允许)??
33.look
like—resemble(相似)
34.be
interested
in—be
caught
in,
be
crazy
about,
be
absorbed
in(感兴趣)
35.set
off
for—head
for(出发去某地)?
36.speed
up—accelerate(加速)
37.make—enable(使)
38.switch—convert,
transform(转换)????
39.forbid—ban,
prohibit(禁止)???
40.build—establish(建立)
41.be
short
of—lack
of(不足)??
42.tell
sth/sb
apart—distinguish(区分)??
43.reveal—expose(暴露)
44.deal
with—handle(处理)?
45.make
full
use
of—make
the
most
of,
take
advantage
of(充分利用)
46.take
actions—take
measures,
take
steps(采取措施)
47.be
made
of—be
composed
of,
consist
of(由…构成)
48.add
new
workers—hire
more
people
(增加新成员)?
49.take
up—account
for,
constitute,
consist
of,
make
up,
occupy,
hold,
compose
(占)
50.be
firmly
convinced—believe
firmly(使确信)
51.put
one’s
heart
into—be
absorbed
in,
be
bent
on,
be
buried
in(专心致志于)
52.in
comparison
with—compared
with,
compared
to,
in
comparison
to(与…相比)
53.do
sth
to
the
best
of
one’s
ability—try
one’s
best
to
do,
spare
no
effort
to
do,
make
every
effort
to
do,
do
what
one
can
to
do(尽力做某事)
54.sustain—support,
maintain(维持)???
55.accomplish—achieve,
finish(完成)
56.shoulder/undertake
one’s
duty—be
responsible
for,
take
responsibility(承担责任)
57.be
on
the
rise—climb
up,
increase(增加)
58.raise
doubt
about—cast
doubt
on,
be
skeptical
about(对…怀疑)
59.associate
with—connect
to(与…联系)
60.prevent—block(阻止)
61.be
associated
with—link
to(相联系)?
62.take
advantage
of
use—utilize(利用)
63.multiply—increase(增加)
????????????????
64.stand
up
to
withstand—resist(抵挡)
65.manufacture—produce(制造)?
66.improve—enhance(提高)
67.change—transform,
alter(改变)
68.remian
stable—remain
still,
remain
steady,
be
stable,
maintain
the
same
level,
remain
unchanged,
be
still,
stay
constant,
stabilize,
keep
its
stability(保持稳定)
概要写作素材3--词汇转换2
(形容词+副词及短语)
概要素材转换
一、形容词，形容词短语的转换
1.sad—depressed,
frustrated(悲伤的)
2.rich—wealthy,
well-off(富有的)
3.in
poverty—poor,
needy(穷的)?
4.happy—cheerful,
delightful(开心的)
5.good—rosy,
beneficial,
outstanding,
remarkable(好的)
6.bad—wicked,
negative,
harmful,
awful,
dreadful,
undesirable(坏的)
7.clever—smart,
gifted,
sharp-minded(聪明的)
8.difficult—tough,
challenging,
stressful,
demanding(苦难的)
9.big—enormous,
vast,
massive(巨大的)?????
10.harmful—damaging,
ruinous,
destructive(有害的)
11.many—a
sea
of,
an
ocean
of,
abundant,
numerous,
considerable(许多)
12.beautiful—eye-catching,
good-shaped,
appealing,
charming,
fascinating(美丽的)
13.the
least
expensive—the
cheapest(最便宜的)?
14.afraid—frightened,
scared,
panic-stricken(害怕的)
15.fast—speedy(快速的)?
16.boring—dull,
tiresome(乏味的)
17.doubtful—skeptical,
suspicious,
incredulous(怀疑的)
??
18.rude—impolite(粗鲁的)
19.a
variety
of—different
diverse,
various(不同的)?
20.worn
out—tired,
exhausted(疲劳的)
21.new—fresh,
brand-new(新的)
22.initial—original(最初的)
23.useful—helpful,
beneficial,
profitable,
rewarding,
advantageous(有益的)
24.enormous—massive,
tremendous,
huge(巨大的)
25.not
uncommon—common(常见的)
26.angry—annoyed,
irritated(生气的)
27.severe—serious(严重的)
28.traditional—conventional(传统的)
29.obvious—apparent,
evident,
clear(显然的)
30.brave—fearless,
courageous,
bold(勇敢的)
31.famous—notable,
renowned,
noticeable(出名的)
32.reasonable—sensible,
rational,
sound(合理的)
33.precise—exact(精确的)?
34.abundant—ample,
plentiful(充足的)???????
35.primary—main(主要的)
36.resemble—be
similar
to(类似的)
37.sacred—holy(神圣的)
38.abundance
in—rich
in(富于)
39.fundamental—basic(基本的)
40.a
small
number
of—a
handful
of(少量的)
41.of
great
importance—significant,
of
great
significance,
essential,
fundamental,
vital,
critical,
indispensable(重要的)
二、副词，副词短语的转换
1.on
the
contrary—oppositely(相反)
2.rarely—seldom(很少)?
3.only—merely(仅仅)
4.day
in
and
day
out—every
day(每天)?
5.firstly—originally,
initially(起先)
6.totally—absolutely,
evidently,
completely(完全地)??
7.approximately—almost,
about,
around,
nearly,
roughly(大约)
8.finally—eventually,
accordingly,
ultimately(最后)
9.certainly—definitely,
undoubtedly,
obviously,
apparently(一定地，无疑地)
10.at
present—nowadays,
recently(目前)
11.now
and
then—at
times,
occasionally(偶尔，有时)
12.frequently—constantly,
always(经常，总是)
13.never—on
no
account,
at
no
time,
under
no
circumstance(绝不，从不)
14.right
now—immediately,
shortly,
right
away(立刻)
15.steadily—smoothly,
slightly,
slowly,
gradually,
moderately,
mildly(平稳地)
16.often—frequently,
regularly,
constantly(经常)
17.as
a
matter
of
fact—practically,
in
practice,
essentially,
in
essence,
in
reality,
in
effect,
in
fact(事实上)
18.very—extremely,
intensely,
extraordinarily,
overwhelmingly,
unbelievably,
surprisingly,
amazingly,
more
than(非常)
19.dramatically—sharply,
hugely,
enormously,
steeply,
substantially,
considerably,
significantly,
surprisingly,
strikingly,
remarkably,
vastly,
noticeably(急剧地)
概要写作素材4--词汇转换3
1解决:
solve,
deal
with,
cope
with,
handle,
resolve,
address,
tackle
2损害：damage,
hurt,
injure,
harm,
impair,
undermine,
jeopardize
3给与：give,
offer,
provide,
supply,
afford,
render,
impart
4培养：develop,
cultivate,
foster
5优势：advantage,
benefit,
upside,
strength,
merit,
virtue
6缺陷：disadvantage,
drawback,
downside,
weakness,
demerit
7使迷惑：puzzle,
bewilder,
perplex,
baffle
8重要的：key,
important,
significant,
vital,
fundamental,
crucial,
critical,
substantial,
indispensable,
imperative
9认为：think,
believe,
argue,
insist,
maintain,
conclude,
hold,
argue,
be
convinced,
be
firmly
convinced,
be
fully
convinced,
assert,
deem
10保护：protect,
conserve,
preserve
11确保：assure,
ensure,
guarantee,
pledge
12有害的：bad,
evil,
harmful,
detrimental,
baneful
13要求：request,
demand,
need,
requisition
14消除：clear,
remove,
clear
up,
take
away,
smooth
away,
eliminate
15导致：lead
to,
account
for,
contribute
to,
bring
about,
result
in,
cause,
spark
off,
conduce
to,
procure,
induce,
generate
16因此：so,
therefore,
thus,
hence,
consequently,
as
a
consequence,
accordingly,
as
a
result,
because
of
this,
as
a
result
of
this
17增长至：grow
to，rise
to，increase
to，go
up
to，climb
to，ascend
to，jump
to，shoot
to
18降低至：fall
to，decline
to，decrease
to，drop
to，go
down
to，reduce
to，slump
to，descend
to，sink
to，slide
to,
dip
to
19
保持稳定：level
out，level
off，even
out,
do
not
change，remain
stable，remain
still，remain
steady，remain
unchanged，remain
the
same
level，be
stable，be
still，maintain
the
same
level，
stay
constant，keep
at
the
same
level，
stabilize，keep
its
stability
20急剧的：dramatically，surprisingly，sharply，hugely，noticeably,
enormously，considerably，remarkably，vastly，steeply，substantially，significantly，drastically，markedly，
strikingly，radically
21平稳地：steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly
22宣称：allege,
assert,
declare,
claim
23发生：happen,
occur,
take
place
24原因：reason,
factor,
cause
25发展：development,
advance,
progress
26有益的：useful,
helpful,
beneficial,
profitable,
rewarding，advantageous
27影响：influence,
impact,
effect
28明显的：clear,
obvious,
evident,
self-evident,
manifest,
apparent,
crystal-clear
29占：comprise,
take
up,
account
for,
constitute,
consist
of,
make
up,
occupy,
hold,
compose
30与…相比：compared
with，compared
to，in
comparison
with，in
comparison
to，by
comparison
with，by
comparison
to
31对比而言：by
contrast，in
contrast，on
the
other
hand，on
the
contrary=，conversely
32展示：show,
reveal,
illustrate,
demonstrate,
depict,
present,
represent,
describe
33大约：approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly
34波动：fluctuate，go
ups
and
downs，display
a
fluctuation，demonstrate
a
fluctuation
35事实上：practically，in
practice，essentially，in
essence，in
reality，in
effect，in
fact，as
a
matter
of
fact，it
is
a
fact
that
36换言之：namely，that
is
to
say，in
other
words，to
put
it
like
this，to
put
it
differently，to
put
it
from
another
way，to
put
it
from
another
angle
36.
与有关concern
with，relate
to
37.
增长grow，increase，rise
38.
名为，题为，被称为under
the
title=name
39.成功achievement
=success
39.打算做某事
tend
to
do
sth
=
plane
to
do
sth/
want
to
do
sth
40.与……有关联
be
associated
with
=
be
connected
with
=
be
linked
to
概要写作素材5--高频短语1
一、与...有关/有联系
be
linked
to
...
be
related
to...
be
connected
to....
be
associated
with...
be
relevant
to...
have
an
obvious
connection
with...
find
a
connection/link
between...and...
二、
focus
on...
致力于...;
关注...
the
focus
is
on
…焦点是…
the
focus
of...
?...的焦点;
中心；重点
focus
on…/be
focused
on...
把注意力集中于...
6.
The
report's
focus
is
on
how
technology
affects
human
life
rather
than
business.
三、关键的
/
至关重要的
/
决定性的因素
the
key/crucial/deciding
factor
a
contributing/critical/major
factor;
a
major
risk
四、sth
be
available
to
sb某人可获得的；可购得的
Tickets
are
available
free
of
charge
from
the
school.
学校有免费票。
五、have
access
to
...有机会(权利)使用...
be
accessible
to
sb某人可到达的；可接近的；可进入的；
18.
Students
must
have
access
to
good
resources.
学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
19.
You
need
a
password
to
get
access
to
the
computer
system.
需要口令使用这个计算机系统。
20.
These
documents
are
not
accessible
to
the
public.
公众无法看到这些文件。
六、be
exposed
to...接触...;暴露于...
exposure
to...接触...;暴露于...
21.
Is
it
good
for
students
to
be
exposed
to
teachers
with
different
styles?
接触不同风格的老师是否对学生有益？
22.
Via
the
Internet,
we
can
be
exposed
to
infinite
information.
通过互联网，我们可以接触到无限的信息。
23.
Exposure
to
lead
is
known
to
damage
the
brains
of
young
children.
众所周知，接触铅对幼儿的大脑有害。
七、...be
responsible
for......作为...原因；成为....起因
be
blamed
for...??
be
to
blame
for......归咎于...
24.
Cigarette
smoking
is
responsible
for
about
90%
of
deaths
from
lung
cancer.
因患肺癌而死亡者，约90%是吸烟所致。
25.
It
is
Jack,
not
I,
that
should
be
to
blame
for
the
loss.
是杰克，而不是我该为损失受责备。
26.
On
no
account
should
the
soldiers
be
blamed
for
what
happened.
士兵们绝对不该为所发生的事受到责难。
八、
the
key
to
(doing)
sth.
...的关键；要诀
27.
The
key
to
success
is
preparation.
成功的关键是准备。
28.
What
is
the
key
to
expressing
gratitude
and
appreciation?
表达感激和欣赏的秘诀是什么？
29.
The
key
to
happiness
is
having
dreams.
The
key
to
success
is
making
dreams
come
true.
幸福的秘诀是拥有梦想，成功的秘诀是使梦想成真。
30.
Constant
effort
over
time
is
the
key
to
outstanding
achievement.
不断的努力是取得杰出成就的关键。
九、a/the
solution
(to...)(问题、困难等的)解决办法
be
engaged
in...
参与，从事...
十、被看作...
be
considered
as
be
regarded
as...
be
viewed
as...
be
seen
as...
十一、
not
necessarily
不一定；未必
37.
...,
but
they
are
not
necessarily
interested
in
learning.
...,但是他们未必对学习感兴趣。
38.
Biggest
doesn't
necessarily
mean
best.
最大的不一定是最好的。
十二、fail
to
do
sth.
未能(做到)；未做某事
40.
He
failed
to
keep
the
appointment.
他未履约。
41.
We
fail
to
see
their
weaknesses
我们没有看到他们的缺点
十三、
increasingly
越来越多地；不断增加地
44.
He
was
finding
it
increasingly
difficult
to
make
decisions.
他发现越来越难以作出决定。
45.
Crime
is
an
increasingly
serious
problem
in
Russian
society.
犯罪猖獗是俄罗斯社会面临的一个日益严重的问题。
十四、with
the
advance
of...
随着...的发展
46.
With
the
advance
of
science
and
technology,
some
scientific
problems
become
less
complicated
than
they
were
thought.
随着科学技术的发展，有些科学问题变得不象它从前所认为的那么复杂了。
47.
With
the
advance
of
science
and
technology,
discovering
a
cure
for
AIDS
would
be
a
major
medical
advance．
发现治疗艾滋病的方法将是医学上的一大进展。
十五、
including...;
…
included包括...
48.
They
used
pressure
to
force
them
to
return,
including
cutting
food
and
water
supplies.
他们施加压力迫使他们回来，包括切断食物和水的供应。
49.
Stars
including
Joan
Collins
are
expected
to
attend.
包括琼·柯林斯在内的明星们,届时预计会参加。
50.
Everyone
laughed,
me
included．每个人都笑了,包括我在内。
概要写作素材6--高频短语2
21.
Its
aim
is
to
recycle
things
that
people
normally
consider
impossible
to
reuse.
normally
通常地，一般地
22.
Good
news
is
that
a
healthy
lifestyle
is
achievable
and
it's
all
about
making
small
changes
that
make
a
difference.
achievable
做得成的，可完成的
make
small
changes做小小的改变
make
a
difference有影响;起作用
23.
Rearranging
school
schedules
in
a
more
ideal
way
does
not
require
investment
of
extra
resources
and
could
be
an
effective
way,
leading
to
improvements
in
academic
performance.
require
sth=need
sth需要...
improvements
in
academic
performance学习成绩的提高
24.
The
study
find
that
having
a
dog
is
associated
with
a
reduction
in
death
from
heart
disease.
be
associated
with...与...有关，有联系
25.
Previous
studies
have
also
suggested
that
having
a
dog
relieve
social
isolation
and
depression,
which
are
linked
toan
increased
risk
of
heart
disease
and
early
death.
relieve同义：reduce;
ease
an
increased
risk
of
heart
disease增长的...的风险
26.
The
biggest
positive
impact
of
having
a
dog
was
on
people
living
alone.
have
an
profound
impact
on
sb/sth对...有深远的影响
27.
Lack
of
sleep
impacts
everything
from
a
person's
ability
to
pay
attention
in
class
to
his
or
her
mood.
impact
(on/upon)
sth对...有影响，有作用
=to
have
an
effect
onsth
28.
With
determination,
practice
and
time,
you
can
make
real
progress
in
math.
with
结构作状语
29.
It
is
not
unusual
for
a
man
of
fifty
or
sixty
to
climb
the
highest
mountains.
They
may
take
more
time
than
younger
men,
but
they
probably
climb
with
more
skill
and
less
waste
of
efforts,
and
they
certainly
experience
equal
enjoyment.
It
is
not
unusual
for
sb
to
do
sth某人做某事是常有的，常见的
probably
可能地certainly
肯定地
30.
The
right
amount
of
sleep
is
essential
for
anyone
who
wants
to
do
well
in
tests
or
sports.
be
essential
for
sb对...是必需的
anyone
who定语从句
31.
Having
a
dog
can
be
a
substitute
for
living
with
other
people
in
terms
of
reducing
the
risk
of
dying.
be
a
substitute
for...代替...
substitute
for...代替...
reduce
the
risk
of...减少...的风险
32.
They
have
explored
effective
ways
to
attract
top
professionals
from
around
the
world
to
play
a
critical
role
in
improving
scientific
innovation.
explore
effective
ways探索有效方法...
play
a
critical
role
in...在...上起重要作用
33.
The
results
show
that
those
who
drink
moderate
amounts
of
alcohol
or
coffee
every
day
are
likely
to
live
longer
than
those
who
don't.
those
who
定语从句
be
likely
to
do
sth可能...
34.
Incredibly,
I
actually
achieved
more
at
work
than
usual
and
was
surprisingly
productive.
incredibly
难以置信地
than
usual
比以往;比平时;
surprisingly
出人意料地
productive
多产的;富有成效的
35.
The
two
factors
cause
us
to
feel
unsatisfied
with
what
we
have.
cause
sb
to
do
sth使某人做某事
be
unsatisfied
with...对...不满足
be
dissatisfied
with...对...不满意
9