高考英语作文普通与高级句型对比汇总

高中英语作文
高级句型、词汇（短语）【积累】（有些序号被删掉是因为本人进行第二次检查时发现重复）
【注】本份资料的制作过程：①从网上搜集数十份关于高中英语作文积累的word文档
→
②复制粘贴成一个word文档
→
③整理（选取有用的，删除重复的，弄成表格、打印版）【注】1、较高级词汇并不是指超出高中阶段的四六级偏难词汇，而是指地道准确的英语。换句话说，主要是指使用《大纲》上没有的词语、使用通过构词法变化来的新词、使用同（近）义词或反义词等来代替常见词语。2、增强句子复杂性，是指我们从英语最基本的简单句入手，明白五种简单句型的基本结构，再逐渐过渡到并列句、复合句，由浅入深。
一、“普通
→
高级”的例句（上面的是普通句，下面的是高级句）
1
Because
the
weather
was
good，our
journey
was
comfortable.
Thanks
to
the
good
weather，our
journey
was
comfortable.
2
We
all
think
he
is
a
great
man.
We
all
think
highly
of
him.
3
Suddenly
I
thought
out
a
good
idea.
A
good
idea
occurred
to
me./
A
good
idea
suddenly
struck
me.
4
The
students
there
needn’t
pay
for
their
books.
Books
are
free
for
the
students
there.
5
As
a
result
the
plan
was
a
failure.
The
plan
turned
out
to
be
a
failure.
6
When
he
arrives，please
give
me
an
e-mail.
On
his
arriving，please
give
me
an
e-mail.
7
To
his
surprise，the
little
girl
knows
so
many
things.
What
surprises
him
is
that
the
little
girl
knows
so
many
things.
8
Though
I’m
weak，I’ll
make
the
effort.
Weak
as
I
am，I’ll
make
the
effort.
9
He
did
not
know
what
had
happened
until
he
had
read
the
news
in
the
newspaper.
It
was
not
until
he
had
read
the
news
in
the
newspaper
that
he
knew
what
had
happened.
10
Ipassed
the
physics
exam
because
of
your
help.
I
couldn’t
have
passed
the
physics
exam
but
for
your
help.
13
You
can
find
my
house
easily.
You’ll
have
no
trouble/difficulty
finding
my
house.
14
We
have
a
lot
of
homework
to
do
every
day.
We
have
endless
homework
to
do
every
day.
15
Thank
you
for
your
help
very
much.
I
feel
thankful/
grateful
for
your
help./
I
appreciate
your
help
very
much.
16
we
achieve
our
goal
only
in
this
way.
Only
in
this
way
can
we
achieve
our
goal.
17
We
had
to
stand
there
to
catch
the
offender.
What
we
had
to
do
was（to）stand
there，trying
to
catch
the
offender.
18
People
suggest
that
the
conference
be
put
off.
It
is
suggested
that
the
conference
be
put
off.
19
He
is
so
kind
that
he
can
help
me.
He
is
so
kind
to
help
me.
20
She
walked
out
of
the
lab
and
many
students
followed
her.
Followed
by
many
students，she
walked
out
of
the
lab.
22
It
disappointed
everybody
that
he
didn‘t
turn
up.
The
fact
disappointed
everybody
that
he
didn’t
turn
up.
23
The
girl
is
spoken
highly
of.
Her
composition
was
well
written.
The
girl
whose
composition
was
well
written
is
spoken
highly
of.
24
If
you
come
back
before
six
o’clock，you
can
go
out.
You
can
go
out
on
condition
that（provided
that）
you
come
back
before
six
o’clock.
25
However，Mr
Smith
got
a
different
answer.
Mr
Smith，however，got
a
different
answer.
26
The
flat
is
in
a
building
on
Fangcao
Street.
The
flat
situates
in
a
building
on
Fangcao
Street.
28
The
bathroom
and
the
kitchen
are
good.
The
bathroom
and
the
kitchen
are
well-furnished.
29
There
was
a
strong
earthquake
in
Tangshan
in
the
1980s.
A
terrible
earthquake
hit/struck
Tangshan
in
the
1980s.
30
I
received
your
letter
which
was
written
on
August
15th
this
morning.
Your
letter
of
August
15th
reached/
got
to
me
this
morning.
31
Ah
Fu
saved
my
sister.
It
was
Ah
Fu
that
saved
my
sister.
32
We
were
glad
to
see
crops
and
vegetables
growing
well.
How
glad
we
were
to
see
crops
and
vegetables
growing
well.
33
It's
a
flat
of
25
square
metres.There
is
a
bedroom
in
the
flat.There
is
a
bathroom
and
a
kitchen
in
it，too.In
the
bedroom，there
is
a
bed；there
is
a
sofa，a
desk
and
a
chair
as
well.
It's
a
flat
of
25
square
metres，with
a
bedroom，a
bathroom
and
a
kitchen.In
the
bedroom
there
is
a
bed，a
sofa，a
desk
and
a
chair.
35
Through
traveling，
I
learned
a
lot
of
knowledge.
Through
traveling，
I
gained
/
obtained
a
lot
of
knowledge.
36
I
like
reading
while
my
brother
likes
watching
television.
I
like
reading
while
my
brother
enjoys
watching
television.
适当地多使用一些词组、习语或高级词汇代替普通单词，以增加文采，丰富文章的表现力。
37
To
tell
you
the
truth，I
don’t
really
like
your
new
novel.
To
tell
you
the
truth，I
really
show
no
interest
in
your
new
novel.
38
A
new
building
is
being
built
in
my
hometown.
A
new
building
is
under
construction
in
my
hometown.
合理运用介词或名词短语、非谓语动词代替句子，使文字清新简练。
1.介词短语代替句子
40
I
was
pleased
to
hear
from
you
and
I’m
writing
to
tell
you
something
that
has
taken
place
in
our
school.
I
was
pleased
to
hear
from
you
and
I’m
writing
to
tell
you
something
turned
out
to
be.
41
I
picked
up
the
case.I
shouted
at
the
man
loudly.But
he
didn’t
hear
me
and
rode
away.
After
picking
up
the
case，I
shouted
at
The
man
loudly，but
he
rode
too
fast
to
hear
me.
43
When
she
heard
he
had
died，she
went
pale
with
sorrow.
At
the
news
of
his
death，she
went
pale
with
sorrow.
2.用替代词代替名词、句子
44
It
showed
me
that
the
way
of
education
in
Canada
is
quite
different
from
the
way
of
education
of
China.
It
showed
me
that
the
way
of
education
in
Canada
is
quite
different
from
that
of
China.
3.用with
+
n.+
doing/done/介词短语
45
The
trees
and
grass
disappeared
and
the
forest
became
wasteland.
With
the
trees
and
grass
disappearing.the
forest
became
wasteland.
4.用非谓语动词代替从句
46
But
later
people
wanted
to
grow
crops.They
began
to
destroy
the
forest.
But
later
in
order
to
grow
crops，people
began
to
destroy
the
forest.
49
If
the
weather
permits，I'll
come
tomorrow.
I'll
come
tomorrow，weather
permitting.
改变传统句型，促成灵活表达
1.改变句子开头
51
We
can
learn
much
by
being
brought
into
contact
with
other
minds.
By
being
brought
into
contact
with
other
minds
we
can
learn
much.
2.改变时态
52
The
bell
is
ringing
now.
There
goes
the
bell!
3.灵活使用强调句、被动句、倒装句、感叹句、特殊句型
54
By
doing
this，we
will
become
a
harmonious
society.
Only
in
this
way
can
we
become
a
harmonious
society.
55
What
he
said
encouraged
us.
It
was
what
he
said
that
encouraged
us.
56
Regular
radio
broadcasts
began
in
1920.
It
was
not
until
1920
that
regular
radio
broadcasts
began.
4.灵活使用各种主从复合句
57
I
happened
to
have
met
him.
It
happened
that
I
had
met
him.
（主语从句）
58
To
his
surprise，the
little
girl
knows
so
many
things.
What
surprises
him
is
that
the
little
girl
knows
so
many
things.
（主语从句）
60
So
when
wind
blows，the
sand
on
the
ground
flies
into
the
air.It
is
harmful
to
the
environment
and
our
health.
So
when
wind
blows，the
sand
on
the
ground
flies
into
the
air，which
is
harmful
to
the
environment
and
our
health.（定语从句）
61
There
was
a
thick
forest
on
the
hill.A
great
diversity
of
animals
and
birds
live
there.
There
was
a
thick
forest
on
the
hill，where
a
great
diversity
of
animals
and
birds
live.
（定语从句）
62
I
won’t
believe
what
he
says.
No
matter
what
he
says，I
won’t
believe.（状语从句）
64
If
you
go
through
the
gate，you’ll
find
the
entrance
to
Bear
Country.
Go
through
the
gate，and
you’ll
find
the
entrance
to
Bear
Country.（并列句）
65
I
was
walking
aimlessly
through
the
street.At
that
time，I
saw
a
fruit
shop.
I
was
walking
aimlessly
through
the
street
when
I
saw
a
fruit
shop.（并列句）
66
The
ship
didn’t
sink
with
all
on
board
because
there
were
the
efforts
of
the
captain.
But
for
the
efforts
of
the
captain，the
ship
would
have
sunk
with
all
on
board.（虚拟）
67
Suddenly，I
had
an
idea.I
stopped
a
taxi
to
catch
up
with
the
man.I
caught
up
with
him
at
last.
I
was
wondering
what
I
should
do
when
an
idea
suddenly
struck
me.I
stopped
a
taxi
as
quickly
as
I
could
so
as
to
catch
up
with
the
man.（综合使用）
有效使用语句间的连接成分，使文章结构紧凑，思路清晰，过渡自然
68
Some
students
think
that
our
school
should
play
music
during
break
time.Music
can
produce
a
lively
and
happy
atmosphere.Music
provides
us
with
relaxation，which
reduces
the
tiredness.And
listening
to
music
also
makes
us
feel
comfortable.
Some
students
think
that
our
school
should
play
music
during
break
time.To
begin
with
，music
can
produce
a
lively
and
happy
atmosphere.Furthermore
，music
provides
us
with
relaxation，which
reduces
the
tiredness.Last
but
not
the
least，listening
to
music
also
makes
us
feel
comfortable.
使用不同结构、不同长度的句子，尽量使句型多样化，避免单调乏味的表达方式
69
There
is
a
new
classroom
building
on
one
side
of
the
road.There
used
to
be
a
layground
on
the
other
side.But
there
is
a
library
now.There
are
all
kinds
of
books，newspapers
and
magazines
in
the
library.There
is
a
new
playground
in
the
front
of
the
school.There
are
a
lot
of
trees
in
and
around
our
school.
On
one
side
of
the
road
there
is
a
new
classroom
building.On
the
other
side，where
the
playground
used
to
be
，now
stands
another
new
building--
our
library，in
which
you
can
find
all
kinds
of
books，newspapers
and
magazines.The
playground
is
now
in
the
front
of
the
school.We
have
also
have
planted
a
lot
of
trees
in
and
around
the
school.
二、高级句型
分类例句、词汇（短语）
【表示原因】(1)There
are
three
reasons
for
this.(2)The
reasons
for
this
are
as
follows.(3)The
reason
for
this
is
obvious.(4)The
reason
for
this
is
not
far
to
seek.(5)The
reason
for
this
is
that
…(6)We
have
good
reason
to
believe
that
…
例如：There
are
three
reasons
for
the
changes
that
have
taken
place
in
our
life．Firstly，people's
living
standard
has
been
greatly
improved．Secondly，most
people
are
well
paid，
and
they
can
afford
what
they
need
or
like．Last
but
not
least，more
and
more
people
prefer
to
enjoy
modern
life.注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
our
life.There
are
three
reasons
for
this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。
【表示好处】(1)It
has
the
following
advantages.(2)It
does
us
a
lot
of
good.(3)It
benefits
us
quite
a
lot.(4)It
is
beneficial
to
us.(5)It
is
of
great
benefit
to
us.例如：Books
are
like
friends．They
can
help
us
know
the
world
better，and
they
can
open
our
minds
and
widen
our
horizons．Therefore，reading
extensively
is
of
great
benefit
to
us.
【表示坏处】(1)It
has
more
disadvantages
than
advantages.(2)It
does
us
much
harm.(3)It
is
harmful
to
us.例如：However，everything
divides
into
two．Television
can
also
be
harmful
to
us．It
can
do
harm
to
our
health
and
make
us
lazy
if
we
spend
too
much
time
watching
television.
【表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能】(1)It
is
important（necessary，difficult，convenient，
possible）for
sb．to
do
sth.(2)We
think
it
necessary
to
do
sth.(3)It
plays
an
important
role
in
our
life.例如：Computers
are
now
being
used
everywhere，whether
in
the
government，in
schools
or
in
business．Soon，
computers
will
be
found
in
every
home，too．We
have
good
reason
to
say
that
computers
are
playing
an
increasingly
important
role
in
our
life
and
we
have
stepped
into
the
Computer
Age.
【表示措施】(1)We
should
take
some
effective
measures.(2)We
should
try
our
best
to
overcome（conquer）the
difficulties.(3)We
should
do
our
utmost
in
doing
sth.(4)We
should
solve
the
problems
that
we
are
confronted（faced）with.例如：The
housing
problem
that
we
are
confronted
with
is
becoming
more
and
more
serious．Therefore
we
must
take
some
effective
measures
to
solve
it.
【表示变化】(1)Some
changes
have
taken
place
in
the
past
five
years.(2)A
great
change
will
certainly
be
produced
in
the
world's
communications.(3)The
computer
has
brought
about
many
changes
in
education.例如：Some
changes
have
taken
place
in
people's
diet
in
the
past
five
years．The
major
reasons
for
these
changes
are
not
far
to
seek．Nowadays，more
and
more
people
are
switching
from
grain
to
meat
for
protein，and
from
fruit
and
vegetable
to
milk
for
vitamins.
【表示事实、现状】(1)We
cannot
ignore
the
fact
that
…(2)No
one
can
deny
the
fact
that
…
(3)There
is
no
denying
the
fact
that
…(4)This
is
a
phenomenon
that
many
people
are
interested
in.(5)However，that's
not
the
case.例如：We
cannot
ignore
the
fact
that
industrialization
brings
with
it
the
problems
of
pollution．To
solve
these
problems，we
can
start
by
educating
the
public
about
the
hazards
of
pollution．The
government
on
its
part
should
also
design
stricter
laws
to
promote
a
cleaner
environment.
【表示比较】(1)Compared
with
A，B
…(2)I
prefer
to
read
rather
than
watch
TV.(3)There
is
a
striking
contrast
between
them.例如：Compared
with
cars，bicycles
have
several
advantages
besides
being
affordable．Firstly，they
do
not
consume
natural
resources
of
petroleum．Secondly，they
do
not
cause
the
pollution
problem．Last
but
not
least，they
contribute
to
people's
health
by
giving
them
due
physical
exercise.
【表示数量】(1)It
has
increased（decreased）from
…
to
…
(2)The
population
in
this
city
has
now
increased
（decreased）to
800，000.(3)The
output
of
July
in
this
factory
increased
by
15％
compared
with
that
of
January.例如：With
the
improvement
of
the
living
standard，the
proportion
of
people's
income
spent
on
food
has
decreased
while
that
spent
on
education
has
increased.再如：From
the
graph
listed
above，it
can
be
seen
that
student
use
of
computers
has
increased
from
an
average
of
less
than
two
hours
per
week
in
1990
to
20
hours
in
2000.
表示看法。(1)People
have（take，adopt，assume）different
attitudes
towards
sth.(2)People
have
different
opinions
on
this
problem.(3)People
take
different
views
of（on）the
question.(4)Some
people
believe
that…Others
argue
that
…
例如：People
have
different
attitudes
towards
failure．Some
believe
that
failure
leads
to
success．Every
failure
they
experience
translates
into
a
greater
chance
of
success
at
their
renewed
endeavor．However，others
are
easily
discouraged
by
failures
and
put
themselves
into
the
category
of
losers.再如：Do
lucky
numbers
really
bring
good
luck？Different
people
have
different
views
on
it.注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。
【表示结论】(1)In
short，it
can
be
said
that
…(2)It
may
be
briefly
summed
up
as
follows.(3)From
what
has
been
mentioned
above，we
can
come
to
the
conclusion
that
…
例如：From
what
has
been
mentioned
above，we
can
come
to
the
conclusion
that?examination
is
necessary，however，
its
method
should
be
improved.注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。
【套语】(1)It's
well
known
to
us
that
…
(2)As
is
known
to
us，
…
(3)This
is
a
topic
that
is
being
widely
talked
about.(4)From
the
graph（table，chart）listed
above，it
can
be
seen
that
…
(5)As
a
proverb
says，“Where
there
is
a
will，there
is
a
way.例如：As
is
well
known
to
us，it
is
important
for
the
students
to
know
the
world
outside
campus.The
reason
for
this
is
obvious．Nowadays，the
society
is
changing
and
developing
rapidly，and
the
campus
is
no
longer
an
“ivory
tower
．As
college
students，we
must
get
in
touch
with
the
world
outside
the
campus．Only
in
this
way
can
we
adapt
ourselves
to
the
society
quickly
after
we
graduate.再如：Does
it
pay
to
be
honest？This
is
a
topic
that
is
being
widely
talked
about
and
different
people
have
different
opinions
on
it.
【“比如”的表达方式】(1)For
example，(2)For
instance，(3)It
can
be
given
a
concrete
example，(4)Take
…for
an
example，it
is
a
very
obvious
case?(5)There
is
one
impressive
example
I
want
to
mention
here.(6)Let's
see
an
example.(7)It
is
best
illustrated
if
given
the
following
example.(8)Let
me
provide
an
example.(9)Perhaps
the
most
important
example
of
…
is
that
…(10)As
I
remember，/
I
now
still
remember
that.(11)I
will
never
forget
that?(12)To
illustrate
this，there
is
an
example
that
is
very
persuasive.(13)An
instance
that
accompanies
this
reason
is
that…(14)An
example
can
give
the
details
of
this
argument，…(15)It
is
a
forceful
example
to
demonstrate
the
importance
of
…(16)History
presented
many
examples
of…(17)In
order
to
see
this
point
clearly，let
us
see
an
example.
【原因结果】(1)…
owing
to
…
(2)
…
attributable
to
…
(3)…
lie
in
the
fact
that
…
(4)…
result
from
…（句型一般）(5)It
is
precisely
because
…
that
…
(6)
…，as
a
result，…
(7)
…
be
responsible
for
…（常见句型）?(8)
…，which
in
turn
…
例如：They
give
rise
to
unfair
competition，which
in
turn
throws
original
businesses
into
a
commercial
panic.
【强调句】(1)only
例如：Only
in
this
way
can
you
hope
to
improve
the
present
situation.(2)It
is
…
that
…
例如：It
is
because
he
was
too
careless
that
he
failed
in
the
exam.(3)nothing
but
只不过；只有
…
例如：If
what
we
have
been
striving
for
is
nothing
but
pleasure-seeking，our
nation
will
be
deprived
of
the
right
to
rise.(这里nothing
but
可以去掉，不影响句意，但有了nothing
but，就强调了后面的名词)?
【假设】(1)Supposing
…
，it
is
likely
that
…
.假设…，那么很可能…
例如：Supposing
you
wanted
to
buy
a
washing
machine，it
is
more
than
likely
you
would
obtain
details
(2)regarding
performance，price，etc.from
an
advertisement.
【否定】(1)双重否定?not
uncommon
=
common
平常的，普通的?
not
unusual
=
usual
平常的，通常的?
not
inevitable=evitable
可以避免的?(尽量把要强调的普通的形容词改成双重否定，为文章多增加亮点)?
【直陈观点】(1)(or)
vice-versa
反之亦然?(2)sth.be
measured
in
terms
of
…
sth.用…来衡量。例如：“success”
is
measured
in
terms
of
freedom
from
insecurity.(3)A
be
more
essential
to
B.对B来说，A是尤为关键重要的.(4)Distinguished
scientific
accomplishment
is
a
matter
of
opportunity
and
of
continuous
and
concentrated
effort
over
long
years.(很优美的句子，值得借鉴)?(5)from
the
…
point
of
view
从
…
角度来看。例如：From
the
health
point
of
view
从健康的角度来看。(6)must
be
rooted
out
in
order
to
….
…必须根除以…。例如：Moral
corruption
must
be
rooted
out
in
order
to
preserve
the
integrity
of
the
state.为了使国家健康发展，必须根除腐败。(7)The
rapid
progress
in
science
and
technology
has
given
a
powerful
shove-ahead
to
the
productive
forces
of
the
world
and
the
economic
and
social
development
of
humanity.科技的快速发展带给世界生产力和人类经济和社会的发展一个强劲的推动力。(8)It
is
generally
believed/accepted/held
that
…
通常认为…
。(9)It
is
no
denying
the
fact
that
….无可否认…。(10)Just
as
the
popular
saying
goes，“Every
coin
has
two
sides”.From
one
side，…
.from
the
other
side，….正如一个谚语所说的，“每个硬币都有两面(事物都是一分为二的)”。从一方面看…，从另一方面来看…。
【自然、生态、环境的好词】(1)Environmental/water/air/noise
pollution(2)Resources
exhaustion(3)Wildlife
extinction(4)Endangered
species(5)Natural
habitat(6)Reserve
areas(7)Sand/dust
storm(8)Clear-cutting/deforestation(9)Over
fishing(10)Overgrazing(11)Soil
erosion(12)Water
and
soil
conservation(13)Desertification(14)Natural
disaster(15)Flood
threat(16)Fire
hazard(17)Storm/tempest(18)Blizzard(19)Drought(20)Famine(21)Disruption
of
ecological
balance(the
balance
of
ecosystem)(22)Eruption
of
volcanoes(23)Earthquake(24)Avalanche(25)Landslide(26)Hurricane(27)Shortage
of
water
resources(28)Shortage
of
fresh
water(29)Harmful
chemicals(30)Poisonous/toxic
gases(31)Carbon
monoxide(32)Urban
smog(33)Industrial
waste(34)Hazardous
nuclear
waste(35)Radioactive
pollutants(36)Waste
gas
sent
off
from
automobiles(37)Car
emission
standard(38)Non-biodegradable
material(39)Throw-away
lunchbox(40)Recyclable
product(41)Renewable
resources(42)Conserve
natural
resources(43)Plastic
bags(44)Greenhouse
effect(45)Global
warming(46)Acid
rain(47)Energy
crisis(48)Oil
leakage(49)Environment
awareness(50)Pest
rampancy(51)Rescue
and
relief
work(52)Garbage
disposal
【自然、生态、环境的好句】(1)Pollution
is，in
fact，threatening
our
existence.(2)Villagers
are
as
a
rule
healthier
than
people
who
live
in
towns.One
reason
for
this
is
that
country
air
is
fresher
than
the
air
in
smoky
cities.(3)Most
of
the
noise
in
the
city
comes
from
traffic，factories
and
construction
sites.(4)There
is
an
increasingly
loud
voice
from
the
public
calling
for
firm
action
against
pollution.(5)Scientists
have
warned
that
unless
effective
solutions
are
worked
out，the
problem
of
pollution
will
eventually
get
out
of
hand.(6)Many
factories
discharge
enormous
harmful
chemicals
into
air
and
rivers
every
day.(7)To
kill
insects，farmers
use
a
large
amount
of
insecticides
so
as
to
have
a
bumper
harvest.As
a
result，they
pollute
the
air，water
and
land.(8)The
gas
from
car
engines
is
very
poisonous.It
is
a
main
source
of
air
pollution
in
cities.(9)Deforestation
result
in
the
increase
of
global
temperature
and
unpleasant
change
of
climate.(10)The
earth
is
our
home
and
we
have
the
duty
to
take
care
of
it
for
ourselves
and
for
our
later
generation.(11)Beijing
now
has
become
one
of
the
most
polluted
cities
in
the
world.Among
the
10
cities
with
the
worst
air
pollution
in
the
world
last
year，Beijing
was
the
third
most
polluted
city.(12)If
the
city
had
not
plagued
by
poor
quality
air，the
annual
death
rate
in
Beijing
would
have
been
4
percent
lower
in
past
three
years，according
to
the
research
done
jointly
by
Beijing
Medical
University
and
Harvard
University.(13)Beijing
consumes
2.8
million
tons
of
coal
each
year，of
which
75
percent
are
low-grade
coal.(14)To
make
room
for
those
buildings，trees
are
being
cut
down，grass
plots
occupied.Cities
look
like
nothing
but
grey
concrete
woods.(15)Modern
cities
should
be
expanding
with
a
certain
percentage
for
green-plant
areas.(16)We
must
begin
now
to
protect
our
only
earth.(17)Almost
everything
we
use
daily
comes
from
the
land
directly
or
indirectly.(18)But
the
limited
land
is
decreasing
at
a
surprising
speed.(19)The
nature
has
given
us
so
much，but
looks
at
what
we
have
done
in
return
for
its
generosity.(20)The
ozone
layer
is
our
natural
shield
in
the
sky，but
this
shield
is
in
great
danger
due
to
human
activities.To
protect
the
ozone
layer
is
to
protect
us.(21)Depleting
the
ozone
layer
allows
more
UV-B
to
reach
the
earth，which
means
more
skin
cancers，more
eye
cataracts(白内障)，weakened
immune
systems，and
reduced
plant
yield.(22)The
nature
has
been
irritated，which
results
in
the
shortage
of
valuable
resources，air
pollution，countless
acres
of
lands
becoming
deserts，etc.(23)Fortunately，many
countries
have
got
to
know
the
seriousness
of
the
problem
and
take
active
measures
to
preserve
the
environment.(24)We
sincerely
hope
that
all
the
people
in
the
world
will
take
part
in
the
campaign
and
join
hands
to
protect
the
nature.(25)Besides，trees
and
lawns
in
our
cities
will
in
the
long
run
help
improve
the
local
climate.(26)The
government
should
also
spend
more
money
on
the
preservation
of
current
lawns
and
cultivation
of
new
lawns.(27)Chinese
government
has
taken
strict
measures
to
stop
careless
and
indiscriminate
felling
of
trees.(28)Therefore，governments
are
playing
the
most
important
role
in
environmental
protection
today.(29)The
government
should
let
people
full
realize
the
importance
of
environmental
protection
through
education.(30)Cars
should
be
equipped
with
special
devices
to
reduce
auto
emission.(31)Farmers
can
utilize
modern
biological
techniques
instead
of
chemical
fertilizers
to
grow
crops.(32)Desert
can
be
turned
into
cultivated
land
by
a
certain
kind
of
shrub.(33)Recycling
of
paper，steel
and
plastics
is
important
for
helping
protect
our
environment.(34)The
city
was
beautified
on
a
tremendous
scale.(35)Energy
crisis
will
threaten
our
existence
because
of
the
people's
extravagance
and
the
rapid
growth
of
he
population.(36)It
is
imperative
that
we
investigate
and
develop
new
sources
of
energy
immediately.(37)With
the
expansion
of
industrialization，requirement
for
energy
all
over
the
world
is
on
the
rise.(38)We
have
a
great
need
for
energy
because
of
the
rapid
growth
of
our
economy.(39)These
rich
energy
resources
are
being
used
up
rapidly.(40)To
avoid
energy
crisis
in
the
future，we
should
take
some
actions.(41)The
overuse
of
energy
has
influenced
ecological
balance.(42)The
development
of
modern
life
is
placing
and
ever
increasing
demand
for
electricity.(43)If
there
were
no
energy，our
world
would
be
in
a
state
of
confusion.(44)Protecting
endangered
species
helps
protect
a
healthy
environment.Endangered
species
are
nature's
early
warning
system
for
pollution
and
environmental
degradation
that
may
someday
affect
human
health.(濒危物种是大自然的关于污染和环境恶化的早期警戒系统，污染和环境恶化有朝一日会影响人类的健康。)(45)Protecting
endangered
species
saves
a
part
of
nature
for
our
children
and
grandchildren
to
enjoy.(46)Protecting
endangered
species
helps
protect
sustainable
economies
and
a
good
quality
of
life.Endangered
species
of
fish，wildlife
and
plants
are
of
ecological，educational，historical，recreational
and
scientific
value
to
the
nations
and
their
people.(47)All
of
the
living
creatures，including
humans，are
part
of
a
complex，delicately
balanced
network
called
the
biosphere.(48)No
creature
exists
in
isolation.The
removal
of
a
single
species
can
set
off
a
chain
reaction
affecting
many
others.(49)It
is
estimated
that
about
12，000
Tibetan
antelopes
are
killed
each
year.If
this
trend
continues，this
species
will
be
extinct
in
two
decades.(50)A
healthy
environment
for
wildlife
contributes
to
healthy
environment
for
people，today
and
tomorrow.
【社会生活问题的好词】(1)Population
explosion/baby
boom(2)Population
census(3)Birth/death
rate(4)Family
planning(5)Suicide
bombing(6)Dropout
students(7)Eliminate
illiteracy(8)Help
those
in
distress
and
aid
those
in
peril(9)Poverty-stricken
areas(10)Remote
and
mountain
areas(11)Brain
drain(12)Shake
off
poverty
and
set
out
on
a
road
to
prosperity(13)Corruption
phenomenon(14)Offer
and
take
bribes(15)Embezzle
pubic
funds(16)Counterfeit
certificates(17)Counterfeit
currency/ID
card(18)Credit
card
fraud(19)Fake
commodities(20)Vending
machine(21)Generation
gap(22)Couch
potato(23)Keep
a
concubine/mistress(24)Casino/gambling(25)Go
on
a
diet(26)Well-balanced
meals(27)Juvenile
delinquency(28)Enjoy
banquets
using
public
funds(29)Bad
construction
projects(30)Laid-off
workers(31)Suspend/discontinue
a
project(32)Welfare-oriented
public
housing
distribution
system(33)High-rise
apartment
building(34)Down
payment
(by
monthly
installments)(35)Trial-period(36)On-the-job
training/professional
training(37)Reemployment
project(38)Drunk
driving(39)U.N.Security
Council(40)Government-funded
personnel
studying
abroad(41)Racial/sex
discrimination(42)Traffic
jam/road
congestion(43)Hit-and-run
accident(44)Violation
of
traffic
regulations(45)Rush/peak
hour(46)Security
personnel(47)Spokesman
for
news
release(48)Press
conference(49)Globalization(50)Sports
lottery(51)Intellectual
property
right(52)Infringement
on
the
patent
right(53)Live
broadcast(54)Bid
for
the
Olympic
Games(55)Frozen
food(56)Preservation
of
cultural
relics(57)Change
from
temporary
to
regular
worker(58)Body-building
exercises(59)Bungee
jumping(60)Permanent
residence
certificate(61)Euthanasia(62)Drug
addition(63)AIDS
disease(64)Campus
violence(65)Child
abuse(66)Kidnap/blackmail
【社会生活问题的好句】(1)More
and
more
people
come
to
realize
the
importance
of
regular
physical
exercise.(2)We
must
struggle
against
our
own
laziness
and
stay
with
our
training，rain
or
shine.(风雨无阻)(3)Maintaining
our
health
is
very
important.No
one
should
trifle
with
his
health.(4)Physical
exercise
increases
the
appetite
and
favors
digestion.It
increases
the
circulation
of
the
blood.Physical
exercise
can
develop
one's
self-confidence，judgment，and
a
strong
will.(5)Early
to
bed
and
early
to
rise，makes
a
man
healthy，wealthy，and
wise.(Benjamin
Franklin)(6)A
sound
mind
is
in
a
sound
body.(7)Taking
part
in
sports
and
games
will
keep
us
fit
and
healthy.(8)Proper
sports
activities
help
us
strengthen
our
physical
body
and
build
our
sense
of
competition
and
cooperation.(9)Research
shows
that
getting
plenty
of
exercise
makes
heart
beat
faster
and
lung
work
harder，thus
strengthening
the
heart
and
reducing
the
chance
of
heart
attack，and
helping
to
lower
blood
pressure.(10)For
those
who
work
with
their
brains
most
of
the
day，the
practice
of
sport
is
especially
useful.(11)Once
a
habit
is
formed，it
is
difficult
and
sometimes
impossible
to
shake
it
off.(12)It
is
easier
to
fall
into
bad
habits
than
to
get
into
good
ones.(13)Many
successful
men
declare
that
they
own
much
of
their
prosperity
to
the
formation
of
certain
good
habits
in
early
life，such
as
punctuality，early
rising，honesty，and
thoroughness.(14)The
eating
habits
of
Chinese
people
have
changed
dramatically
in
the
past
decade.(15)People
begin
to
eat
less
grain，but
more
fruit
and
vegetables.Fresh
fruit
and
vegetables
are
rich
in
carbohydrate(碳水化合物)，vitamins
and
minerals.(16)People
now
pay
much
attention
to
nutrition，so
they
choose
to
eat
meat
and
drink
milk.(17)Fish
and
chicken
contain
more
protein
and
less
fat.(18)The
issue
of
re-employment
is
of
vital
importance
to
the
country's
reform，development
and
stability.(19)Some
statistics
indicate
that
trained
workers
are
three
times
as
likely
to
be
re-employed
as
those
who
haven't
participated
in
any
training
programs.(20)A
re-employment-oriented
training
network
should
be
formed
immediately
to
cover
as
many
laid-off
workers
as
possible
to
enhance
their
abilities
to
face
challenges.(21)Its
no
shame
to
earn
bread
with
one's
own
hands
no
matter
what
kind
of
work
he
does，but
it's
a
disgrace
to
idle
along
with
folded
arms
and
wait
until
financial
aid
arrives.(22)China
is
undergoing
a
period
of
transition
from
a
socialist
planned
economy
to
a
socialist
market
economy.(23)The
government
is
supposed
to
issue
more
beneficial
policies
to
help
the
lay-offs
out
of
difficulty.(24)Everyone
desires
and
pursues
happiness.But
happiness
means
different
things
to
different
people.(25)I'll
be
happy
if
I
can
realize
my
value
in
my
future
career
and
make
some
contribution
to
the
development
of
our
country.(26)Happiness
also
means
being
on
good
term
with
my
colleagues
and
friends.(27)The
only
ones
who
will
be
really
happy
are
those
who
will
have
sought
and
found
how
to
serve
the
people.(28)Happiness
lies
first
of
all
in
health.(29)Happiness
is
always
abounded
from
hard
work.(30)Happiness
consists
in
contentment.(31)Every
generation
has
its
own
view
of
life
and
value
system，which
results
from
its
living
circumstances.(32)As
long
as
different
generations
can
understand
each
other
and
avoid
foisting
their
own
views
and
values
on
others，there
will
be
fewer
conflicts
and
more
harmony
between
the
generations.(33)The
old
assume
that
they
know
best，but
it
is
only
a
matter
of
experience.(34)The
young
know
how
to
enjoy
work
and
leisure
and
not
to
be
inhibited.(约束)(35)Children
often
complain
that
their
parents
cannot
understand
them，while
parents
feel
sorry
that
their
children
seldom
show
them
proper
respect
and
obedience.(36)Children
should
respect
their
parents
and
be
aware
that
what
their
parents
do
is
for
their
good.(37)As
reformation
goes
deeper
in
China，civil
servants
no
longer
have
“iron
rice
bowls”
as
they
used
to
have
in
many
places.(38)Whatever
we
do，we
should
do
in
our
power.(尽力而为)(39)To
make
a
wise
choice
of
occupations，two
important
things
should
be
taken
into
consideration.One
is
the
interest，the
other，the
demand
of
the
people
and
society.(40)It
is
definitely
true
that
behind
every
daily
activity
lies
a
motive.As
a
matter
of
fact，we
can
achieve
nothing
without
a
realistic
goal.(41)Everybody
should
have
a
goal
in
his
life，because
aimless
life
wastes
our
energy
and
time.(42)Whatever
goal
you
might
have，the
primarily
important
thing
you
should
have
in
life
is
health.(43)It
is
universally
true
that
everyone
needs
good
health.With
our
society
becoming
more
competitive，it
is
important
to
stay
healthy.(44)For
one
thing，people
with
good
health
can
do
work
with
full
energy
and
their
excellence
in
work
in
turn
contributes
to
their
health
and
happiness.For
another，an
unhealthy
person
is
seldom
able
to
show
interest
in
everything
around
him
and
therefore
he
loses
many
opportunities
to
achieve
success.(45)Generally
speaking，those
who
have
good
motives
do
their
duties
well.For
example，parents
work
hard
from
early
morning
till
late
at
night
because
they
want
to
support
their
families.Students
study
diligently
either
to
rank
top
in
their
class
or
to
be
prepared
for
their
future
success.(46)On
the
other
hand，people
do
things
evil
because
they
have
evil
goals.For
instance，the
motive
for
getting
money
without
hard
work
makes
a
pickpocket
steal
a
purse.To
fulfill
his
evil
desire，a
robber
grab
others'
belongings，and
a
murderer
can
kill
an
innocent
person.These
wicked
motives
are
the
kind
that
people
need
to
get
rid
of
because
they
hurt
others.(47)It
is
often
easier
to
have
ideals
than
to
carry
them
out.(48)Effort
and
persistence
are
necessary
for
the
realization
of
ideals.(49)Once
the
goal
is
determined，we
must
create
opportunities
to
reach
it.Work
hard
and
be
patient
after
your
goal
is
set.Try
your
best
to
make
your
life
happen
in
the
way
you
wish
to
see
it.It
is
those
who
set
the
right
goal
and
stick
to
it
long
enough
will
finally
achieve
it.(50)Living
without
an
aim
is
like
sailing
without
a
compass.When
ideals
are
gone
you
may
still
exist，but
you
have
ceased
to
live.(虽生犹死)
【高级词汇代替一般词汇】(1)severe
替换serious(严重的)(2)needy替换
poor(贫穷的)(3)wealthy
替换
rich
(富裕的)(4)benificial
替换
good
(有益的)(5)undesirable
替换
bad
(不好的，不受欢迎的)(6)nevertheless
替换
however(然而，不过)(7)fundamental
/
significant
替换
important(重要的)(8)relevant
替换
related
(有关的)(9)pros
and
cons
替换
advantagesand
disadvantages(好处和坏处)(10)extraodinary
替换
surprising
(惊人的，非凡的)(11)provided/providing
(that)替换
if
(如果…)(12)promote
/strengthen
替换
improve
(提高，加强)(13)cope
with
替换
solve(解决)(14)motivate
替换
encourage(激励)(15)jeopardize
替换
be
bad
to
(损害，危及)(16)ease
替换
relieve
(减轻，缓解)(17)well-being
替换
happiness
(幸福，安康)(18)approach
/
method
替换
way(方法，方案)(19)adopt
替换
use
(采用，采取)(20)the
aged
替换
old
people(老人)(21)adolescents
替换
the
young
(青少年)(22)employment
替换
job(就业)(23)affair
替换
thing
(事情，东西)(24)bent
替换
gift
(天赋，爱好)(25)catastrophe
替换(disaster
灾难)(26)subscribe
to
替换
agree
with(同意)(27)tend
替换
want(趋向于..想要…)(28)acquire
替换
gain
(获得(尤指知识上的))(29)administration
替换
government
(政府部门)(30)contribute
to
替换
cause
(引起)(31)extremely
替换
very
(非常的)(32)frown
on
sth
替换
disagree
with
sth
(不同意)(33)for
instance
替换
for
example
(例如)(1)occur
替换
think
of。Suddenly
I
had
an
idea
that
someone
had
broken
into
my
house.→
An
idea
occurred
to
me
that
someone
had
broken
into
my
house.It
occurred
to
me
that
someone
had
broken
into
my
house.(2)devote替换spend。He
spends
all
his
spare
time
in
reading.→
He
devotes
all
his
spare
time
to
reading.(3)seek替换want
/look
for。They
sought
(wanted)to
hide
themselves
behind
the
trees.(4)average
替换ordinary。I'm
an
average
(ordinary)student.(5)but替换very。The
film
we
saw
last
night
was
very
interesting.→
The
film
we
saw
last
night
was
nothing
but
interesting.The
film
we
saw
last
night
was
anything
but
boring.(6)seat替换sit。On
his
way
to
school，he
found
an
old
lady
seated
(sitting)by
the
road，looking
worried.(7)suppose
替换should。He
is
supposed
to
(should)have
driven
more
slowly.(8)appreciate
替换thank。Thank
you
very
much
for
you
help.→
We
appreciate
your
help
very
much./Your
help
is
much
appreciated.(9)the
case替换
true。I
don't
think
it
is
the
case
(true).(10)on替换as
soon
as。As
soon
as
he
arrived，he
began
his
research.→
On
his
arrival，he
began
his
research.(11)due
to替换because
of。He
arrived
late
due
to
(because
of)the
storm.(12)cover替换walk/read。After
covering
(walking)10
miles，we
all
felt
tired.(13)contribute
to替换
be
helpful/useful。Plenty
of
memory
work
is
undoubtedly
helpful
to
English
study.→
Plenty
of
memory
work
will
undoubtedly
contribute
to
English
study.(14)round
the
corner
替换
coming
soon/nearby。①The
summer
vacation
is
round
the
corner
(coming).Do
you
have
any
plans？②
Li
Ming
studies
in
a
school
round
the
corner
(nearby).(15)come
to
light替换discover。The
family
were
so
pleased
when
they
discovered
the
lost
jewels.→
The
family
were
so
pleased
when
the
lost
jewels
came
to
light.(16)have
a
ball替换have
a
good
time/enjoy
oneself。After
visiting
the
workshop，we
went
back
to
school.Every
one
of
us
had
a
ball
(had
a
good
time).(17)come
up
with替换think
of。
Jack
is
very
clever.He
often
comes
up
with
(thinks
of)new
ideas.(18)set
aside替换save。Some
students
think
that
they
should
set
aside
some
of
their
pocket
money
for
books.(2004天津卷)(19)be
of
+
n.替换adj.
The
products
are
of
high
quality
(very
good)and
are
sold
everywhere
in
China.(20)refer
to
替换talk
about/of，mention。
The
professor
you
referred
to
(talked
about)is
very
famous.(21)can
not
but
/can
not
help
but替换have
to
do。I
could
not
but
(had
to)go
home.(22)more
often
than
not替换usually。
More
often
than
not
(Usually)，the
meaning
of
many
words
can
be
easily
guessed.(23)lest替换so
that
/in
order
that。I
wrote
down
his
telephone
number
so
that
I
would
not
forget
it.→
I
wrote
down
his
telephone
number
lest
I
(should)forget
it.(24)be
long
for
sth./be
long
to
do
sth.替换want
to
do
sth./wish
for。I
want
to
see
you
very
much.→
I
am
long
tosee
you.(25)be
caught
up
in/be
crazy
about/be
absorbed
in/be
addicted
to替换be
interested
in
。He
is
caught
up
in
(very
interested
in)collecting
stamps.(26)more
than替换very。①
I'm
very
glad
to
learn
that
you
are
coming
in
September.→
I'm
more
than
glad
to
learn
that
you
are
coming
in
September.
(NMET
2003)②If
there
is
anything
I
can
do
for
you，I
would
be
more
than
glad
to
help.(2004全国卷)(27)perfect
(ly)替换good/very
well。He
speaks
perfect
(good)English./He
speaks
English
perfectly
(very
well).(28)do
sb
a/the
favor
替换help。
Would
you
please
do
me
the
favor
(help
me)to
turn
down
the
radio?(29)the
other
day替换a
few
days
ago。The
other
day
my
brother
and
I
went
to
the
cinema
by
bicycle.(NMET
1997)(30)in
the
course
of替换during。In
the
course
of
(During)the
mountain-climbing，please
help
each
other
and
pay
special
attention
to
your
safety.(31)the
majority
of替换most。The
majority
of
(Most
of)the
interviewees
prefer
watching
TV
at
home
to
going
to
the
cinema.(32)consist
of替换be
made
up
of。Our
class
consists
of
(is
made
up
of)50
students.(33)be
worn
out替换
be
tired
/broken。
①
After
five
hours'
non-stop
work，we
were
all
worn
out
(tired).
②
My
shoes
are
worn
out
(broken).Please
buy
me
a
new
pair.(34)become
of替换
happen。What
do
think
has
become
of
(happened
to)him？(35)attend
to替换look
after。(36)on
condition
that替换as
long
as。(37)nevertheless替换however。(38)express
one's
satisfaction
with替换be
satisfied
with。(39)spare
no
efforts
to
do替换try
one's
best
to
do。(40)many
a
替换many。(41)be
rushed
off
one's
feet
替换be
busy
in
doing。(42)a
handful
of替换a
little
/some。(43)meanwhile替换at
the
same
time。(44)get
to
one's
feet替换stand
up。(45)beneath替换under。(46)occasionally替换sometimes
/once
in
while。(47)for
instance替换for
example。(48)seldom替换not
often。(49)wealthy替换
rich。(50)amazing替换surprising。(51)as
a
matter
of
fact
替换in
fact。
【过渡语】(1)表示时间顺序:
first，then，afterwards，meanwhile，later，first
of
all，finally，at
last
…
(2)表示空间顺序:
near，next
to，far
from，in
front
of，on
the
left，on
one
side
…
(3)表示比较、对照:
like，unlike，such
as，but，however，on
the
other
hand，on
the
contrary，nevertheless，otherwise
…
(4)表示因果关系:
because，for，as
a
result，therefore，thus
…
(5)表示递进关系:
besides，what's
more，what
was
worse，moreover，furthermore，in
addition，on
top
of
…
(6)表示并列关系:
and，as
well
as，also
…
(7)表示总结性:
in
general，in
a
word，in
short，on
the
whole，to
sum
up，in
brief，to
conclude
…
【分类话题词汇、短语、例句】(1)中学生的爱好与兴趣。Spare
time(业余时间)，favorite(最喜欢的)，Interest(兴趣)，hobby(爱好)，appetite(嗜好)，taste(口味)，read
novels(也小说)，play
football/basketball(打足球/篮球)，surf
the
internet(上网)，chat
online(在线聊天)，play
games(玩游戏)，collect
stamps(集邮)，make
e-friends(交网友)，climb
mountains(爬山)，watch
TV(看电视)，enjoy
popular
music(喜欢流行音乐)，be
interested
in(对
…
感兴趣)，develop
an
interest
in(在
…
方面发展兴趣)，be
fond
of(喜欢
…
)，be
keen
on(喜欢
…
)，have
love
for(喜爱
…
)，have
a
taste
in(对
…
有兴趣)
等。(2)劳动与劳动观念。Work(工作)，be
at
work(在工作)，work
hard(努力工作)，produce(生产)，worker(工人)，labor
force(劳动力)，labor(劳动)，voluntary
labor(义务劳动)，serve
the
people(为人民服务)，heart
and
soul(全心全意)，physical
labor(体力劳动)，mental
labor(脑力劳动)，labor
viewpoint(劳动观念)，labor
Day(劳动节)，workday(工作日)，means
of
labor(劳动方式)，honorable(光荣的)，be
devoted
to(奉献于..)，value(价值)，earn
money(赚钱)，personal
interests(个人利益)等。(3)创建和谐社会。harmonious(和谐的)，friendly(友好的)，civilized(文明的)，honest(真诚的)，credible
(诚信的)，be
public-spirited(有公德心的)，balanced(平衡的)，be
in
order(有序的)，peaceful(和平的)，live
in
harmony(生活和谐)，sustainable
development(可持续发展)等，help
each
ether(互助)，care
for
each
other(互相关心)，have
deep
love
for
(热爱)，be
concerned
with
(关心)，build(创建)，cherish(珍惜)，take
an
active
part
in(积极参与)，pay
attention
to
social
moral(讲究社会公德)，protect
the
environment(保护环境)，save
energy(节省能源)等。No
pains，no
gains.不劳无获。
…
can
be
achieved
by
hard
wok.
…
可以通过劳动获得。It
is
difficult
to
find
work
in
the
present
situation.在当前形势下，很难找到工作。It
is
honorable
to
…
…
是光荣的。If
everyone
…
for
others
and
the
society，our
world
will
be
…
如果每个人为他人和社会做
…，
我们这个世界将会
…
。Every
one
should
…
and
shoul
devote
himself
to
building
our
motherland
into
a
strong
one.每个人应该
…，为把我们祖国建设成为一个强壮的国家而奉献自己的力量。(4)招聘与求职。employ(雇佣)，look
for(寻找)，take
in(吸纳)，full-time(全职的)，part-time(兼职的)，well-paid(薪水高的)，be
paid
by
the
hour(按小时发工资)，requirement(要求)，résumé(个人履历)，schooling(受教育情况)，subjects(课程)，working
experience(工作经历)，qualification(合格证明)，transcript
(成绩单)，health(健康状况)，present
address(现在通讯地址)等，apply
for(申请
…
)，graduate
from(毕业于)，major
in(以
…
为专业)，degree(学位)，scholarship(奖学金)，good
grades(良好的成绩)，hobby(爱好)，favorite(最喜欢的)，be
skilled
in(在
…
方面熟练)，be
good
at(擅长
…
)，experienced(有经验的)，confident(自信的)，English
and
computer
ability(英语和计算机能力)，healthy(健康的)等。(5)中学生的健康问题。Physical
and
mental
condition(身体与精神状态)，strong(强壮的)，un/healthy(不健康/健康的)，overweight/fat(肥胖的)，thin(瘦的)，near/short-sighted(近视的)，mentally
unhealthy(精神不健全的)，normal(正常的)，abnormal(不正常的)，energetic(精力旺盛的)，unhealthy
eating
habit(不健康的饮食习惯)，eat
much
junk
food
(吃太多的垃圾食品)等，Stay/keep
healthy/fit(保持健康)，build
up
one's
body/
improve
one's'
health(强身健体)，enough
sleep(充足的睡眠)，take
regular
exercise(进行有规律的运动)，roper
diet(合理的饮食)，good
living
habits(良好的生活习惯)，lose
weight(减肥)，remove
heavy
burdens(减轻负担)，be
good
for/do
good
to(对
…
有益处)，nutrition(营养)，go
on
diet(节食)，form
a
…
eating
habit(养成一个
…
的饮食习惯)
Breathe
in
as
much
fresh
air等。(6)环境保护。Pollute（污染），Waste
is
scattering
here
and
there.（到处撒满了废弃物），protect
the
environment(保护环境)，send
out
smoke
and
poisonous
gases
into
the
air（散发出烟和有毒气体），cut
down
trees(砍伐树木)，
pour
waste
water
into
the
rivers（把废水注入河流），It
is
a
shame
to
throw
rubbish
around.（乱扔垃圾是可耻的），form
good
habits
to
protect
the
surroundings（养成良好的习惯来保护环境），
take
active
measures
to
protect
rare
animals(采取积极措施保护稀有动物)，
take
good
care
of
our
forests（关心我们的森林），plant
more
trees
to
improve
the
environment
（多植来改善环境），The
terrible
pollution
have
done
great
harm
to
us
as
well
as
to
the
surroundings.(可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。)(7)校园文明与安全问题。School
rules
and
regulations(学校规章制度)，obey(遵守)，observe(遵守)，keep/observe
discipline(遵守纪律)，behave
well(表现良好)，be
neatly
dressed(穿戴整洁)，respect
one's
teachers
and
parents(尊敬师长)，be
on
time(准时)，keep
the
environment
clean(保持环境干净)，civilized(文明的)
break
the
rules(违反规章制度)，discipline(纪律)，spit(吐痰)，throw
rubbish
everywhere(乱扔垃圾)，cheat
in
the
exam(考试作弊)，get
in
line
(插队)，fight
with
sb.(与
…
打架)，punish
sb.for
(因
…
处罚某人)等。The
students
are
told
not
to
break
any
of
the
rules
of
the
school.学校要求学生不要违反任何规章制度。The
students
are
expected
to
…
学校期望学生
…
。It
must
be
made
clear
that
the
students
should
…
必须明确的一点是，学生应该
…
。
…
is
of
no
good
to
a
friendly
and
harmonious
society.
…
对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。It
is
honorable
to
obey
the
principles
and
rules
of
our
school.遵守学校的规章制度是光荣的。It
is
worthy
of
praise
to
…
…
是值得表扬的。It
is
shameful
to
…
…
是可耻的。What
we
should
do
is
that
…
我们应该做的事情是
…
(8)友谊。get
to
know
sb.(认识某人)，know
sb.really
well(熟知某人)，make
friends
with
sb.(和某人交朋友)，a
strong
personality
(一个很强的个性)，personal
matters(隐私)，friendship(友谊)，friendly(友好的)，a
close
friend(一个亲密的朋友)，trust
each
other
(相互信任)，precious(珍贵的)，worthy(有价值的)，understanding(通情达理的)，share
…
with
sb.(与…分享…)，be
loyal
to(对
…
忠诚)，keep
in
touch
with
sb.(与
…
保持联系)，keep
company
with
sb.(和
…
结交)，stay
best
friends
with
sb.(和…保持很好的友谊)等。在描述此话题时常用的句型有：Friends
give
us
…
朋友给予我们
…
。A
good
friend
is
someone
you
can
…
一位好朋友就是一个我们能够
…
的人。The
first
time
I
met
…，he
was
…当我第一次遇到…的时候，他…。Friendship
plays
an
important
part
in
…友谊在…中扮演一个重要角色。You
can
…
to
be
a
good
friend.你可以
…
来成为别人的好朋友。We
can
turn
to
…
when
we
feel
down.当我们心情糟糕时，可以求助于…。…makes
a
good
friend.
…成就好朋友。A
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed.患难见真知。
…
is
one
of
the
things
people
value
most
in
a
friend.…是人们在朋友身上最重视的东西。…
have
a
friend
of
…
years
with
sb.
…与…有着…年的友情。
【连接词】(1)举例。for
example，for
instance，take
…
for
example，such
as，like，and
so
on，so
on
and
so
forth，and
so
on
and
on
and
on，etc.等。(2)说明。that's
to
say，in
other
words，namely，等。(3)因果。so，for，therefore，as
a
result，thus，because，because
of，thanks
to
…
，owing
to
…
，due
to
…
…
等。(4)递进。then，besides，in
addition，furthermore，moreover，what's
more等。(5)顺序。①时间顺序firstly，secondly，thirdly，finally；in
the
first
place，in
the
second
place，in
the
third
place，lastly
to
begin
with，then，furthermore，finally；to
start
with，next，in
addition，finally；first
and
foremost，besides，last
but
not
least；most
important
of
all，moreover，finally；②空间顺序in
the
front
of，in
front
of
…
，before，behind，at
the
back
of，on
the
right/left(of)，to
the
right
/left
of
…
，on
the
other
side
of
…
，in
the
center
of
…
，in
the
middle
of
…
，at
the
beginning
of，at
the
end
of
…
，by
the
side
of
…
，on
the
top
of
…
，at
the
foot
of
…
，on
the
bottom
of，inside，outside，upstairs，downstairs(6)转折。nevertheless，however，although，though，but，on
the
country，after
all，oppositely等。(7)总结。in
short，in
a
word，in
general，generally
speaking，finally，at
last，as
far
as
I
know，in
brief，briefly
speaking，in
the
end，as
a
matter
of
fact，in
reality，in
fact，on
the
whole，in
conclusion，on
account
of
this，therefore等。(8)强调。really，indeed，certainly，surely，for
sure，above
all等。(9)对比。in
the
same
way，just
as，in
common
with，compared
with，on
the
one
hand
…
on
the
other
hand，for
one
thing
…
for
another，similarly等。(10)平行。and，both
…
and
…
，as
well
as，as
well，neither
…
nor
…
or，either
…
or
…
，not
only
…
but
also
…
等。(1)表示罗列增加。First，second，third，First，then/next，after
that/next，finally；For
one
thing
…
for
another
…，；On
(the)
one
hand
…
on
the
other
hand，；Besides/what's
more/in
addition/furthermore/moreover/another/also，Especially/In
particular，(2)表示时间顺序。now，at
present，recently，after，afterwards，after
that，after
a
while，in
a
few
days，at
first，in
the
beginning，to
begin
with，later，next，finally，immediately，soon，suddenly，all
of
a
sudden，at
that
moment，as
soon
as，the
moment，form
now
on，from
then
on，at
the
same
time，meanwhile，till，not
…
until，before，after，when，while，as
during，(3)表示解释说明。now，in
addition，for
example，for
instance，in
this
case，moreover，furthermore，in
fact，actually(4)表示转折关系。but，however，while，though，or，otherwise，on
the
contrary，on
the
other
hand，in
contrast，despite，in
spite
of，even
though，except
(for)，instead，of
course，after
all，(5)表示并列关系。or，and，also，too，not
only
…
but
also，as
well
as，both
…
and，either
…
or，neither
…
nor(6)表示因果关系。because，because
of，since，now
that，as，thanks
to
…，due
to
…，therefore，as
a
result
(of)，otherwise，so
…
that，such
…
that(7)表示条件关系。as
(so)
long
as，on
condition
that，if，unless(8)表示让步关系。though，although，as，even
if，even
though，whether
…
or
…，however，whoever，whatever，whichever，wherever，whenever，no
matter
how
(who，what，which，where，when，whom)(9)表示举例。for
example，for
instance，such
as
…，take
…
for
example(10)表示比较。be
similar
to，similarly，the
same
as，in
contrast，compared
with
(to)
…
just
like，just
as，(11)表示目的。for
this
reason，，for
this
purpose，so
that，in
order
to，so
as
to，(12)表示强调。in
deed，in
fact，surely，certainly，no
doubt，without
any
doubt，truly，obviously，above
all，(13)表示概括归纳in
a
word，in
short，in
brief，on
the
whole，generally
speaking，in
my
opinion，as
far
as
I
know，As
we
all
know，as
has
been
stated，as
I
have
shown，finally，at
last，in
summary，in
conclusion
【分类常见句型】(1)用于描写漫画、图表的常用句型。①As
the
graph
depicts，…
②From
the
cartoon
/picture，we
can
see
that
…
③According
to
the
statistics
shown
in
the
first
/second
graph，④The
table
shows/indicates/reveals
that
…
⑤It
can
be
seen
/concluded
from
the
picture/table/figures
that
…
(2)用于句首提出论题或现象的句型。①Recently，…
has
become
the
focus
of
the
society.②…
has
been
playing
an
increasingly
important
role
in
our
day-to-day
life.③Nowadays
there
is
a
growing
concern
for
…
④Nowadays
it
is
common
to
hear
/see
…
⑤…
has
become
a
common
occurrence
in
our
daily
life.⑥Nowadays
more
and
more
people
are
beginning
to
be
aware
of
the
seriousness
of
…
⑦It
is
only
during
the
last
/past
few
years
that
man
has
become
generally
aware
that
…
⑧There
is
an
old/popular
saying/proverb
which
says/goes
…
⑨In
recent
years，there
is
a
general
tendency
…
⑩Nowadays
…
has
become
a
problem
we
have
to
face.(3)用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型。①Some
people
like/prefer
…，while
others
are/feel
inclined
to
…
②There
are
different
opinions
among
people
as
to
…
Some
believe
…
whole
hold
…
③Some
people
claim
that
…
is
superior
to
…
Others，however，disagree
with
it.④Some
people
believe
…
Others
maintain
…
Still
others
claim
…
⑤Some
people
suggest
…
Others，however，hold
the
opposite
opinion.⑥On
the
one
hand，people
tend
to
…
On
the
other
hand，they
feel
…
⑦Some
people
argue
that
…
Others，in
contrast，believe
that
…
⑧Although
more
and
more
people
come
to
believe
…
there
are
still
others
who
insist
that
…
⑨On
the
contrary，there
are
people
in
favor
of
…
⑩There
are
some
people
who
hold
different
opinions
about
…(4)用于陈述个人观点/想法的常用句型。①My
own
experience
tells
me
that
…
②In
my
opinion，we
should
attack
more
importance
to
…
③As
for
my
own
idea
about
…
I
believe
…
④As
far
as
I
am
concerned，I
plan
to
…
⑤Personally，I
prefer
…
⑥In
my
view，both
sides
are
partly
right
in
that
…
⑦But
for
me，I
would
rather
…
⑧My
own
point
of
view
is
that
…
⑨In
conclusion，I
support
the
statement
that
…
⑩As
regards
me，I
tend
to
choose
…(5)用于书信写作的常用句型。①Thank
you
for
your
letter
of
…
②It
is
a
pleasure
for
me
invite
you
on
behalf
of
…
to
accept
…
③Thanks
so
much
for
your
letter，which
arrived
…
④I
am
writing
to
you
with
reference
to
…
⑤I
am
writing
to
you
in
connection
with
…
⑥I
would
be
grateful
if
you
could/would
…
⑦I
would
like
to
know
some
information
on
…
⑧It
will
be
appreciated
if
you
can/could
…
⑨I
would
also
like
to
know
if
you
can/could
…
⑩I
look
forward
to
hearing
from
you.(6)用于结尾的常用句型。①From
what
has
been
discussed/mentioned
above，we
may
conclude
that
…②Therefore，it
is
not
difficult
to
draw/come
to
the
conclusion
that
…
③It
is
high
time
that
something
was
done
about
…
④From
all
the
reasons/consideration
above，it
is
evident/clear/obviousthat
…
⑤Taking
into
account
all
these
factors，we
may
reach
the
conclusion
that
…
⑥Given
the
reasons/consideration
I
have
just
outlined/discussed/presented，I
strongly
recommend
that
…
⑦It
is
clear，therefore，that
…
⑧All
in
all，what
really
matters
is，in
fact，to
…
⑨It
is
essential
that
effective
measure
be
taken
to
…
⑩From
what
has
been
discussed
above，we
may
reasonably
arrive
at
the
conclusion
that
…
⑾
In
conclusion，the
most
important
is
…
⑿
On
the
whole，it
is
high
time
that
every
one
…
⒀
As
a
result，we
should
take
some
effective
steps
to
…
⒁
Judging
by
the
figures/statistics，it
is
not
difficult
to
see
that
…
⒂
Only
in
this
way/in
so
doing，can
be
really
…
【高级句型分类】(1)否定句
(2)判断句
(3)祝愿祈使句
(4)感叹句
(5)疑问句
(6)数词句型
(7)关联指代
(8)比较句型
(9)比喻句型。(1)否定句。①主语+否定谓语，not
+
同前主语；用语加强否定语气。I'll
not
do
such
a
thing，not
I.He
won't
break
his
word，not
he.Tom
can't
speak
Russian，not
he.②主语+否定谓语+much
less/still
less
+词组或从句
用语进一步否定。I
could
not
assent
to，much
less
participate
in
such
proceedings.He
doesn't
like
music，still
less/much
less
dancing.I
didn't
even
see
him，still
less/much
less
shake
hands
with
him.③主语+否定谓语+to
say
nothing
of/not
to
speak
of/not
to
mention
+名词；主语+否定谓语+let
alone+名词或从句
用语进一步否定。He
doesn't
know
English，to
say
nothing
of
German
or
French.I
don't
know
algebra
or
geometry，not
to
mention
calculus.I
never
thought
of
it，let
alone
(much
less/still
less)
did
I
do
it.④半否定词+or/if+否定代词或副词；表示半否定或让步否定。Few，however，if
any，besides
the
King
himself，believed
that
Hermione
was
quilty.I
saw
little
or
nothing
of
him
after
you
were
gone.She
seldom
or
never
(if
ever)
made
a
mistake.Peter
read
little
or
nothing
(little
if
anything)
in
summer
vacation.Mr.Morris
seldom
or
never
went
out.⑤主语+cannot
+
but/choose
but/help
but
+动词原型
意为“不得不，别无选择”。I
cannot
but
admire
his
courage.We
can't
(choose)
but
admit
that
in
certain
aspects
of
science
and
technology
they
are
ahead
of
us.We
can't
but
read
books
to
increase
our
knowledge.⑥（There
be）No+主语+but+谓语+其它
双重否定表示强烈之肯定。（其中but
相当于who
…
not，that
…
not，which
…
not）There
is
no
man
but
has
his
faults.(There
is
no
man
who
doesn't
have
his
faults.There
is
no
man
without
faults.All
men
have
faults.)(There
is)
Nobody
but
has
his
faults.There
is
no
rule
but
has
exceptions.There
is
nobody
but
knows
this
matter.⑦A分句（否定）+
but
+
B分句（肯定）
借否定来强调肯定。It
never
rains
but
pours.She
never
comes
but
she
brings
us
something
to
eat.They
never
met
but
they
fought.⑧主语+be
+
the
last
+
名词+从句/to
do
He
is
the
last
person
to
say
that.You
are
the
last
woman
that
I
want
to
marry.That
is
the
last
place
where
I
expected
to
have
met
you.Lying
is
the
last
thing
that
he
is
likely
to
do.(2)判断句。①主语+can't+谓语+too+形容词/副词
表示强烈之肯定。You
can't
read
too
much/
many
books.We
can't
be
too
careful.Nobody
can
have
too
many
friends.She
can
never
have
too
many
dresses.②主语+谓语+no
other
than/none
other
than/
none
but+宾语/表语
强调判断句。The
man
was
no
other
than
John.We
depend
on
none
but
ourselves.③主语+be
nothing
+else
but/else
than/less
than+表语
(只是)
强调判断句。He
is
nothing
but
a
paper
tiger.The
situation
is
nothing
else
but/than
fine.That
is
nothing
less
than
a
miracle.Genius
is
nothing
but
labor
and
diligence.④主语+be
not
A，but
B./
主语+be
+B+
and
(but)
not
A.
选择判断句。I
am
very
ill，not
bodily，but
mentally.The
tragedy
is
not
in
not
knowing，but
in
not
knowing
that
you
don't
know.It
is
yours，and
not
mine.It
is
not
mine，but
yours.⑤(It
is)
Not
that
A
+
but
that
B.（不是，而是）
选择判断句。It
is
not
that
I
dislike
the
work，but
that
I
have
no
time.Not
that
we
are
afraid
of
Americans，but
that
they
are
afraid
of
us.It
is
not
heroes
that
make
history，but
history
that
makes
heroes，and
that，consequently，it
is
not
heroes
who
create
a
people，but
the
people
who
create
heroes
and
more
history
onward.⑥So
far
from
being
…
，主语+谓语
选择判断句。So
far
from
being
a
help，he
is
a
hindrance.So
far
from
being
ashamed
of
it，he
takes
pride
in
it.So
far
from
being
true，the
news
is
false.⑦主语+be
+
less
A
than
B./
主语+be+
more
B
than
A.比较判断句。Experience
shows
that
success
is
due
less
to
ability
than
to
zeal.It
is
even
more
a
picture
that
a
poem.He
is
more
shy
than
(he
is)
unsocial.He
is
more
angry
(not
angrier)
than
frightened.⑧主语+be+B
rather
than
A.与其说，不如说。比较判断句。He
is
an
ordinary
worker
rather
than
a
leader.He
is
rather
diligent
than
clever.The
patient
was
worse
rather
than
better.He
is
an
artist
rather
than
a
philosopher.⑨主语+
be
not
so
much
A
as
B.与其说，不如说。比较判断句。He
is
not
so
much
a
scholar
as
a
writer.It
is
not
so
much
a
help
as
advice.A
man's
worth
lies
not
so
much
in
what
he
has
as
in
what
he
is.⑩主语+
be
being
+doing.故意，有意。She
is
being
kind.They
are
being
friendly.Tom
is
being
naughty.He
is
being
good/helpful/a
fool.
⑾
时间
+
see/witness
+宾语
拟人表达。The
twenties
century
saw
the
rapid
development
of
IT.The
happy
May
witnessed
their
grand
wedding.1976
saw
the
loss
of
two
great
men
in
China.(3)祝愿祈使句。①Be
so
kind/good
as
to
do
sth.委婉的请求。Be
good/kind
enough
to
do
sth.Be
so
kind/kind
enough
to
shut
the
door.Be
so
good
as
to
come
and
join
us.Be
good
enough
(so
good
as)
to
help
me
with
my
English.②Supposing/Suppose主语+动词原形
类似let，但更委婉。Suppose
we
try
to
do
it
my
way.Suppose
we
start
tomorrow.Supposing
we
go
for
a
swim.Supposing
we
buy
a
car.③Long
live
+第三人称主语
…
万岁。Long
live
the
people！Long
live
our
motherland！④May
+主语
+动词原形
祝愿。May
you
return
soon.May
he
be
happy.May
she
never
repent
this
act.(May)
God
bless
you.⑤名词
to
名词
祝愿。Glory
to
the
people！Success
to
you！Best
wishes
to
you！A
happy
journey
to
you！⑥If
only
+主语
+
虚拟谓语
若
…
就好了。If
only
Mao
Zedong
were
still
by
our
side
to
see
this
with
his
own
eyes！If
only
I
had
known
then
what
I
knew
long
afterwards！If
only
I
could
see
her
again！⑦O/Oh/Ah，+
that
从句（虚拟）；O/Oh/Ah，+
to
be
+表语
；
O/Oh/Ah，+
虚拟谓语
+主语
虚拟的愿望。Oh，that
she
could
come
back
to
life
again！O
that
he
were
a
live
and
could
see
this！Ah，to
be
in
England
now
that
April
is
there！O
to
be
a
boy
again！O
were
he
only
here！O
had
I
wings！⑧Be+主语
+表语
表语
+
be
+主语
书面语的愿望。Be
ours
a
happy
meeting！Light
be
her
heart
and
gay
her
merry
eyes！So
be
it！
(So
may
it
be.Be
it
so.)Blessed
be
he
that
spares
these
stones
and
curst
be
he
that
moves
my
bones.⑨Would
(that)
+主语
+虚拟谓语
祝愿。虚拟的愿望。Would
(that)
it
were
otherwise！Would
that
they
were
safe
home
again！Would
I
were
a
woman！Would
that
I
were
young
again！(4)感叹句。①To
think
that
+
从句（虚拟谓语）意外而感叹。To
think
that
you
should
fail！To
think
that
I
should
be
s
insulted！To
think
that
I
knew
nothing
about
it！To
think
that
you
are/were
so
careless！②Fancy
+
动名词
表示“真想不到”。Fancy
meeting
so
many
friends
here！Fancy
his
doing
a
thing
like
that！Fancy
his
making
such
a
wonderful
speech！Fancy
(that)！
Just
fancy！(5)疑问句。①疑问词+in
the
world/on
earth/the
devil/ever
…
？强调疑问句。What
in
the
world
do
you
mean？Who
on
earth
told
you
that？Who
the
devil
is
he？Where
ever
did
you
lose
it？Who
ever
wants
it？②疑问句+do
you
think/did
you
say/can
you
guess/do
you
suppose
+
其它？疑问句中插入成分。What
do
you
think
I
should
do
first？How
old
were
you
then，did
you
say？How
many
books，can
you
guess，did
he
buy
the
other
day？③肯定陈述，+
肯定反问
修辞性反问以加强语气，非反意问句，故无需作答。肯定反问中的动词须重读。We
are
old
friends，not
strangers，right？So
you
have
seen
the
film，have
you？She
is
a
sweet
girl，is
she？④疑问词位置不在句首
特殊疑问句的灵活运用。Five
times
what
number
makes
20？You
are
twenty-what
this
year？He
is
your
who？You
bought
a
what
yesterday？He
went
all
the
way
where？(6)数词句型。①用exactly/clear/sharp
精确整数。The
cloth
measures
ten
yards
exactly.It's
now
exactly
ten
o'clock.It's
ten
sharp.It
takes
me
three
clear
days.②about
/or
so/
more
or
less/
some
约指整数。About
ten
thousand
cars
were
produced.He
wrote
some
800
books.During
the
past
ten
years
or
so，the
production
has
increased
by
90
%.It's
an
hour's
journey，more
or
less.③年龄表达I
am
20.I
am
20
years
old.I
am
20
years
of
age.I
am
aged
20
(years).My
age
is
20
(years).He
entered
school
at
the
age
of
5.He
became
plump
at
50.He
graduated
at
20
years
of
age.He
is
a
girl
of
18
(years
old).He
is
a
man
aged
20
years.They
are
under/below
7
years
of
age.She
is
in
her
teens.④计量表达The
tree
is
about
60
feet
high
(in
height).
long—in
length
、wide—in
width
、
thick—in
thickness
、heavy—in
weight
、high(物)—in
height
、tall(人)—in
height
、deep—in
depth
、across—in
breadth(宽度)
、across—in
diameter(直径)
、across—in
radius(半径)、This
room
measures
60
feet
(in
length)
by
15
feet
(in
breadth).(7)关联指代。①On
(the)
one
hand，…
and
on
the
other
(hand)
…
同一事物之两面。On
the
one
hand，I
am
your
teacher，and
on
the
other，I
am
your
comrade
and
friend.They
have
been
blamed
on
the
one
hand
and
lauded
on
the
other.On
the
one
hand，you
shouldn't
be
shy;
on
the
other
hand，you
mustn't
forget
your
manners.②two
(both)
…
the
one
(and)
the
other
…
；two
(both)
…
the
former，the
latter
…
；two
(both)
…
the
first，the
second
…
；two
(both)
…
that，this
…
；two
(both)
…
those，these
…
先后两事物。I
have
two
brothers;
the
one
(former)
is
fifteen，and
the
other
(latter)
is
eleven.Work
and
play
are
both
necessary
to
health;
this
(the
latter)
gives
us
rest，and
that
(the
former)
gives
energy.They
keep
horses
and
cattle，those
for
riding，and
these
for
food.③first
…
second
…
third
…
lastly
…
；firstly
…
secondly
…
thirdly
…
lastly
…
；one
…
two
…
three
…
four
…序列。First，I
wish
both
of
you
good
health.Second，I
wish
both
of
you
success
in
your
work;
and
third，I
wish
both
of
you
good
luck
in
everything.What
do
we
need
in
order
to
really
win？
We
need
three
things:
first，arms，second，arms，third，arms
and
arms
again.(8)比较句型。①某些形容词-or
+
to
+
被比对象
特殊比较级句型。His
strength
is
superior
to/greater
than
mine.Socialism
is
superior
to
capitalism.My
knowledge
is
inferior
to/less
than
his.Is
your
father
senior
to
mine？Colored
people
are
by
no
means
inferior
to
white
people.His
arrival
is
posterior
to
that
of
my
friend.②Better
…
than
…
“宁可，最好”，It
is被省略。Better
late
than
never.Better
to
do
well
than
to
say
well.Better
to
light
one
candle
than
to
curse
the
darkness.Better
die
standing
than
live
kneeling.③choose
A
before
B
优先选择。A
hero
should
choose
death
before
dishonor.I
am
willing
to
work
myself
to
death
before
I
give
up.I
would
do
anything
before
that.(9)比喻句型。①like，as
比喻。He
stood
there
like
a
tree.Use
a
book
as
a
bee
does
a
flower.A
year
has
gone
as
a
tortoise
goes
heavy
and
slow.②A
is
to
B
as
C
is
to
D.
A
to
B
is
what
C
is
to
D.
比喻Reading
is
to
the
mind
what
exercise
is
to
the
body.Intellect
is
to
the
mind
what
sight
is
to
the
body.Air
is
to
us
what/as
water
is
to
fish.③(Just)
As/What
+喻体，so/that
+本体
比喻Just
as
we
sweep
our
rooms，so
we
should
sweep
backward
ideas
from
our
minds.What
salt
is
to
food，that
wit
and
humor
are
to
conversation
and
literature.What
blood
vessel
is
to
a
man's
body，that
railway
is
to
transportation.As
food
is
to
man，so
manure
is
to
crops.④A
to
B
is
as
…
as
C
to
D.同等重要性比喻。Cultivation
to
the
mind
is
as
necessary
as
food
to
the
body.He
walks
as
if
he
were
as
blind
as
a
beetle.A
pen
to
a
writer
is
as
important
as
arms
to
a
soldier.⑤may
as
well
…
as
…
类似比喻。You
may
as
well
call
a
cat
a
little
tiger
as
call
a
tiger
a
big
cat.She
might
as
well
love
a
dream
as
fall
in
love
with
me.One
might
as
well
expect
the
leopard
to
change
his
spots
as
expect
the
wolf
to
change
its
nature.⑥as
…
as形容词活用。It
is
as
hot
as
hot
can
be.He
works
as
hard
as
hard
can
be.She's
as
beautiful
as
beautiful
can
be.
【分类句型】(1)表示
…
受到关注。With
the
increasingly
rapid
economic
growth，more
problems
are
brought
to
our
attention.随着日益迅速的经济发展，更多的问题受到我们的关注。The
preservation
of
forests
has
aroused
people's
wide
concern保护森林引发人们的广泛关注./How
we
can
maintain
the
ecological
balance
has
been
widely
discussed
in
our
university.如何保护生态平衡在我们学校被广泛讨论。/Recently
the
phenomenon
has
aroused
people's
wide
concern最近这个现象引起了广泛关注。(2)重要影响。Nowadays
more
and
more
people
begin
to
realize
the
importance
of
the
problem
of
education.现在越来越多的人开始认识到教育问题的重要性。/Nowadays
more
and
more
people
notice
the
significance
of
the
problem
of
pollution.现在越来越多的人开始注意到污染问题的严重性。It
may
create/cause
/lead
to
a
series
of
problems.这有可能造成一系列的问题。Advertising
play
a
significant
role
in
American
business，furthermore，it
exerts
enormous
effects
on
the
nation's
economy.广告在美国商业中起着重要的作用，而且它对国家的经济有着极大的影响。According
to
a
recent
survey，about
78.9％
of
the
college
students
wanted
to
further
their
study
after
their
graduation