完形填空解题技巧

(共25张PPT)
完形填空解题技巧
余姚市教育局教研室 杨春妹
完形填空是一种测试考生综合运用英语语言
知识能力的一种题型，它集阅读理解能力与语言
应用能力考查于一体，考查考生在阅读理解基础
上，在一定语言情景下灵活运用词汇的能力。
近年来考查的重点已由在语篇中考查语法逐
渐转向对语篇的整体理解。
一、命题意图
　　
完形填空根据阅读理解的考试原则，在语篇层面上考查
学生对常用词汇的准确得体的应用，从而达到对于整篇文章
主要内容，特别是对作者通过文章传达的情感、态度、价值
观的准确理解和把握的能力。
二、选材分析
年份 故事内容
06年 通过父母捐献器官，感悟做有益于人们的事。
07年 运动冠军以坚强的意志与伤痛做斗争。
08年 以乐观积极的心态对待疾病并给他人带来希望。
09年 一双祈祷的手折射出美好感人的兄弟之情。
10年 男孩用自己的眼睛换来了女孩的光明，启迪人们要懂得感恩与珍惜。
三、考点分析 （10 宁波）
名词 动词 形容词 副词 代词 连词 介词 数词
5 6 2 1 0 1 0 0
四、解题步骤
1． 了解大意
在第一遍阅读中，要善于从文章开头的几句话中
把握短文的背景、主题或结构，并结合常识判断构建
一定的预期。
读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，划出
某些代表人物和情节的词，以便于形成思路。对空格
要填的词可作试探性地猜测，为下一步选择答案做好
准备，打好基础。
2． 初选答案
（1）词义与词形的辨析
（2）基本句型和结构识别
（3）固定搭配与习惯表达
（4）阅读理解能力与逻辑推理能力
3． 寻找线索
4． 回头补缺
5． 核实答案
根据故事情节展开联想。
心理学研究证明，根据词语和图像的描述示意，人们
能在头脑中形成相应的新形象，再现文中的有关情景。
五、几种常用的解题方法
固定搭配法
Some young people learn English for their studies
Because some of their books are ______ English.
in B. with C. at D. of
2. 逐个排除法
“Don’t say anything about it,” his teacher stopped him.
“Don’t try to come late next time!” Sam said yes and
walked to his ______ quickly.
A. room B. table C. seat D. teacher
3. 逻辑判断法
Li Ping has just come, so he has ______ friends.
quite a few B. few C. much D. little
4. 巧妙推测法
When he was going to leave the house, he forgot that
he had not put away his books. He ran quickly to the desk
and put them into the bag. He then went to the bus stop to
go to school as ______ as he could.
A. carefully B. quietly C. early D. fast
（2）根据语篇标志进行推测
… Then he had to walk there. The road to the village
wasn’t smooth. He fell over some times and it made his
clothes dirty.______ he got to the village.
A. At first B. Then C. At times D. At last
（3）根据文化背景知识进行推测
（4）根据常识进行判断
六、解题误区
误以为完形填空题是语法题。
2. 拘泥于个别段落、句子或短语，忽略了上下文的联系
而造成误选。
存在一些心理障碍和心理误区。
4. 改来改去。
七、解题注意事项
先易后难, 逐题推进
2. 依据语意, 注意推理
3. 顺藤摸瓜, 前后呼应
4. 合理思维，勿钻“牛角”
典型试题分析
… Your temperature goes __45__ and you get a fever,
but the heat of your body is killing the virus. Different people
have different remedies for __46__. In America and some
other countries,some people take hot baths and drink warm
Water to feel better, others __47__ to stop the fever and
runny nose.
…There is a __50__, however, on taking medicine when
you have a cold. It goes like this: It takes about one week
to get over a cold if you don’t take medicine,but only seven
days to get over a cold if you take medicine.
45. A. on B. down C. up
46. A. colds B. trouble C. health
…
50. A. hope B. plan C. joke
八、完形填空复习策略
1．积累词汇，注意词组、习语和句型的积累、同义词的辨析
常见动词短语
put off, put on, put away, put down, put up, put out
think of, think over, think about, think out
turn up, turn off, turn on, turn to, turn over
take up, take off, take on, take away, take down
look up, look down, look for, look like, look after
look out, look around, look over, look on, look in
set about, set off, set out, set up, set down, set back
give up, give in, give away, give out, give off
2. 奠定良好的语法功底
3. 培养联系上下文的语篇能力
4. 整理错题
改变一个人的固有思维比纠正一个语法错误
难度更大，却更重要。
5. 多阅读时代感强、文化气息浓厚的英文材料，
原汁原味的更好。
6. 考前热身。