高中英语新课标人教版
必修1
Unit
1
Friendship
知识点梳理+配套巩固演练+单元测试题(学案版)
基础知识：
重点单
词
1．___________
n．调查；测验
2．___________
adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.使不安；使心烦
3．___________vt.不理睬；忽视
4．___________
vt.&
vi.捆扎；包装；打包行李 n．小包；包裹
5．___________
n．十几岁的青少年
6．___________
adj.感激的；表示谢意的
7．___________
vt.&
vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj.平静的→___________
adv.平静地；镇静地
8．___________vt.(使)担忧；涉及 n．担心；关注；(利害)关系→___________
adj.有关的；关切的；忧虑的→___________
prep.关于；涉及
9．___________
adj.松的；松开的→___________adv.宽松地→___________
vt.松开
10．___________
adv.在户外；在野外→___________
adj.户外的；露天的→___________
adv.在室内
11．___________
adj.整个的；完全的；全部的→___________
adv.完全地；全然地；整个地
12．___________
n．能力；力量；权力→___________
adj.强大的；有力的→___________
adj.无力的；无能为力的；无权的
13．___________
vt.使定居；安排；解决 vi.安家；定居；停留→___________
n．安顿；定居；定居点；协议；解决→___________
n．移民；殖民者
14．___________
vt.&
vi.遭受；忍受；经历→___________
n．折磨；苦难
15．___________
vt.&
vi.痊愈；恢复；重新获得→___________
n．恢复；复苏；康复
16．___________
vi.不同意→___________
vi.同意→___________
n．同意；一致；协议
17．___________
adv.确实如此；正是；确切地→___________
adj.准确的；精确的
18．___________
adj.积满灰尘的→___________
n．灰尘
重点短
语
1．___________
合计
2．___________
(使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来
3．_________________
不得不；必须
4．_________________
关心；挂念
5．_________________
经历；穿过；浏览；仔细检查；完成
6．_________________
记下；放下；登记
7．_________________
一连串的；一系列；一套
8．_________________
故意
9．_________________为了……
10．_________________在黄昏时刻
11．_________________
面对面地
12．_________________
不再……
13．_________________
遭受；患病
14．_________________
对……厌烦
15．_________________
将(东西)装箱打包
16．_________________
与……相处；进展
17．_________________
相爱；爱上
18．
_________________参加；加入
重点句
型
1．before引导的时间状语从句
She
and
her
family
hid
away
for
nearly
twenty?five
months
before
they
were
discovered.(教材P2)
2．强调句型：It
is/was＋被强调对象＋that/who＋其他成分
I
wonder
if
it's
because
I
haven't
been
able
to
be
outdoors
for
so
long
that
I've
grown
so
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
nature.(教材P2)
语法要
点
直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)：陈述句和疑问句
1．陈述句
“I
don't
want
to
set
down
a
series
of
facts
in
a
diary，”
said
Anne.(Direct
speech)
→
Anne
said
that
she
didn't
want
to
set
down
a
series
of
facts
in
a
diary.(Indirect
speech)
2．一般疑问句
“Does
a
friend
always
have
to
be
a
person？”
the
writer
asks
us.
→
The
writer
asks
us
if
a
friend
always
has
to
be
a
person.
3．特殊疑问句
“What
do
you
call
your
diary？”
Anne's
sister
asked
her.
→
Anne's
sister
asked
her
what
she
called
her
diary.
1.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的；难过的
vt.(upset,
upset)使不安；使心烦；搅乱；弄翻
Your
friend
comes
to
school
very
upset.(教材P1)
你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。
(1)
(2)
①She
was
upset
____________
(know)
that
her
application
for
the
position
was
refused.
知道她的职位申请遭到拒绝后，她感到很沮丧。
②All
my
plans
____________
(upset)
by
the
sudden
change
in
the
weather.
我所有的计划都被突然变化的天气打乱了。
③Don't
upset
____________
(you)
about
it—no
harm
has
been
done.
没有造成损失，不要为那件事而烦恼了。
2.calm vi.&
vt.(使)安静；(使)冷静；(使)镇定
adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的
(1)calm…down
让……平静下来
(2)be/stay/keep/remain
calm
保持镇静
(3)calmly
adv.平静地；镇静地；冷静地
①He
took
a
few
deep
breaths
to
calm
himself
____________.
他深深地吸了几口气使自己平静下来。
②You
must
keep
____________
(calm)
in
face
of
danger.面对危险你必须保持镇静。
【比较】
calm
平静的，沉着的。指水面无风浪或人的心情不激动。例：We
will
have
to
discuss
this
problem
in
a
calm
mood.我们不得不冷静地来讨论这个问题。
quiet
宁静的，安静的。指没有声音，不吵闹或心境不烦躁。意即：without
noise。例：He
lived
a
quiet
life
in
the
country.他在乡下过着平静的生活。
silent
寂静的，沉默的。指不说话或没有声音。意即：without
speaking。例：It's
bad
manners
to
keep
silent
when
the
teacher
asks
you
a
question.老师提问时你默不作声是不礼貌的。
still
静止的，不动的。指(人体等)无运动的。意即：without
moving。例：Keep
still
while
I
brush
your
hair.我给你梳头时你不要动。
3.concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到
n．担心；关注(的事情)；(利害)关系
You
will
tell
your
friend
that
you
are
concerned
about
him/her
and
you
will
meet
after
class
and
talk
then.(教材P1)
你会告诉你的朋友你关心他/她，下课后你们就见面谈谈。
(1)concern
oneself
about/for
对……表示关心/担忧
(2)
(3)
(4)concerning
prep.关于；有关
①The
authorities
____________
(concern)
are
concerned
____________
the
interests
which
are
concerned
____________
the
people.有关当局关心有关人民的利益。
②________________________,
solving
the
problems
depends
on
the
joint
efforts
of
the
whole
society.在我看来，解决这一问题依靠全社会共同努力。
③The
professor
will
deliver
a
lecture
____________
(concern)
environment
protection.
教授将作一个关于环保的演讲。
④__________
concerns
me
that
you
no
longer
seem
to
care.你似乎不再在乎，这令我担忧。
4.settle vi.安家；定居；停留；安顿下来
vt.使定居；安排；解决
She
found
it
difficult
to
settle
and
calm
down
in
the
hiding
place.(教材P4)
她发现在藏身的地方难以安定和平静下来。
(1)
(2)settler
n．移民；殖民者
(3)settlement
n．安顿；定居；定居点；协议；解决
①Class
begins.
The
students
settle
down
to
____________
(listen)
to
the
teacher
carefully.
上课了，学生们开始认真听老师讲课。
②It
took
her
a
while
to
settle
____________
her
new
job.她过了一段时间才适应了新工作。
③The
herdsmen
will
live
in
new
____________
(settle)
in
2019.牧民们将在2019年住进新住宅区。
5.suffer vt.&
vi.遭受；忍受；经历；患……病
She
suffered
from
loneliness,
but
she
had
to
learn
to
like
it
there.(教材P4)
她深受孤独之苦，但在那儿她不得不学会喜欢孤独。
(1)
(2)sufferer
n．患病者；受难者
(3)suffering
n．[U]痛苦；苦恼；[pl.]让人痛苦的事
①The
people
in
the
flooded
area
are
____________cold
and
hunger.
洪灾地区的人们正忍饥挨冻。
②His
many
novels
have
portrayed
the
____________
(suffer)
of
his
race.
他在很多小说中描述了他的种族所遭受的种种苦难。
6.recover vi.&
vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得
How
can
Linda
recover
from
her
illness
in
this
room
when
it's
so
dirty
and
dusty?
(教材P4)
在这样肮脏、满是灰尘的房间里，琳达怎么可能病愈呢？
(1)
(2)recovery
n．康复；恢复
①She
didn't
see
anything
suddenly
but
quickly
________________________.
她突然看不见任何东西了，但是很快又恢复了视力。
②She
seemed
upset
but
quickly
recovered
____________
(her)．
她显得心烦意乱，但很快静下心来。
③There
she
lay
year
in
year
out,
unable
to
move,
and
with
no
hope
of
____________
(recover).
她长年躺在那儿不能活动，
没有痊愈的希望。
1.add
up 合计；把……加起来；合情理；说得通
Add
up
your
score
and
see
how
many
points
you
get.(教材P1)
把你的分数加起来看看能得多少分。
(1)
(2)
①The
engine
of
the
ship
was
out
of
order
and
the
bad
weather
added
____________
the
helplessness
of
the
crew
at
sea.船的发动机发生了故障，再加上恶劣的天气增添了海员们的无助。
②The
money
he
spent
within
a
month
____________
(add)
up
to
more
than
1,000
dollars.
他一个月花的钱加起来有1
000多美元。
③The
official
expressed
great
concern
over
the
food
safety,
____________
that
the
government
would
take
more
measures
to
prevent
such
case
happening
again.
这名官员表示高度关注食品安全，并补充说政府会采取更多的措施预防此类案件再次发生。
④________________________,
we
should
learn
how
to
get
along
well
with
others.
此外，我们应该学会如何与他人友好相处。
2.go
through 经历，遭受(多指痛苦的事情)；仔细检查；(法案等)通过；完成；用完；浏览；查看Or
are
you
afraid
that
your
friend
would
laugh
at
you,
or
would
not
understand
what
you
are
going
through？(教材P2)
或者你害怕你的朋友嘲笑你，或者不理解你正经历的事情？
【一词多义】
写出下列句中go
through的含义。
The
poor
girl
has
gone
through
a
lot
since
her
parents
died.____________
I
went
through
the
students'
papers
last
night.
____________
The
new
law
did
not
go
through.
____________
You
have
to
go
through
certain
formalities
before
you
can
emigrate.
____________
go
against违背；违反
go
ahead向前；进行；说吧；请吧
go
by走过；(时间)流逝
go
out熄灭；出去；过时
go
over复习；仔细检查
go
up上升；增长；攀登
3.on
purpose 故意
For
example,
one
evening
when
it
was
so
warm,
I
stayed
awake
on
purpose
until
half
past
eleven
in
order
to
have
a
good
look
at
the
moon
by
myself.(教材P2)
比如，有天晚上天气很暖和，我故意熬夜到十一点半，为的是独自好好看看月亮。
(1)
(2)with/for
the
purpose
of
目的是；为了……
①It
was
no
accident.
She
broke
the
dish
____________.
这并不是意外，她是故意把碟子打破的。
②Did
you
come
to
China
________________________
visiting
your
friends?
你来中国就是为了看你的朋友们吗？
1.before引导的时间状语从句
She
and
her
family
hid
away
for
nearly
twenty?five
months
before
they
were
discovered.(教材P2)
她和家人躲藏了将近二十五个月后才被发现。
【句式点拨】
before
they
were
discovered是复合句中的时间状语从句，直译是“在他们被发现前”，可意译为“……后他们才被发现”。
before作为连词引导时间状语从句，用以表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活。常见的有：
(1)表示“在……之前就……”。
①Mary
had
finished
her
homework
____________
her
mother
returned.
玛丽在她母亲回来之前就已经完成作业了。
(2)表示“过了多久后才……，动作进行到什么程度才……”。
②They
worked
day
and
night
about
three
days
____________
everything
returned
to
normal.
他们不分昼夜地工作了三天才使得一切恢复正常。
(3)表示“来不及，尚未……就……”，这时常与情态动词can/could连用。
③She
was
angry
____________
I
could
explain
to
her.我还没来得及向她解释她就生气了。
(4)It＋be＋not＋long＋before…，意为“……不久就……”。
④________________________
he
told
me
about
it.不久他就告诉了我这件事情。
(5)It＋be＋时间段＋before…，意为“……之后才……”。
⑤________________________
he
finishes
the
work.他得花三年才能完成这项工作。
【提示】
It
is/has
been＋时间段＋since
sb
did
sth，表示“自从……(到现在)有多长时间了”。
⑥____________________________________
he
finished
the
work.
自从他完成这项工作已经三年了。
2.强调句型：It
is/was＋被强调对象＋that/who＋其他成分
I
wonder
if
it's
because
I
haven't
been
able
to
be
outdoors
for
so
long
that
I've
grown
so
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
nature.(教材P2)我不知道是不是因为我长期无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
【句式点拨】
这是一个复杂的主从复合句。if引导宾语从句作动词wonder的宾语。在宾语从句中，it
is…that…是强调句，强调because引导的原因状语从句。原因状语从句被强调，只能用because来引导，不能用since,
as或for。
(1)强调句型的结构为：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。强调人可用who/that作连词，强调事物用that。所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语或状语，但不能是定语和谓语。
①____________
him
____________
we
met
yesterday.(强调宾语)我们昨天遇到的是他。
②____________
in
the
park____________
Tom
lost
his
watch.(强调状语)
汤姆就是在这个公园里丢失的手表。
(2)如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底”“究竟”等语气时，就用此结构。
(3)强调句型的判断方法：将(It
is/was)…(that/who)…括号中的词同时去掉，看剩下的部分是否仍然完整，若完整，则是强调句型，若不完整，则不是。
③____________
because
he
behaved
badly____________he
was
punished
by
his
teacher?
是因为他表现太差而受到老师的惩罚吗？
(4)强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
④I
wonder
________________________
you
called
me
yesterday.
我想知道你昨天给我打电话到底是什么时候。
____________
to
be
punished
for
doing
that.是我应该为做那件事受到惩罚。
【注意】
关于强调句型，请参阅本书P237语法专题十二。
配套巩固练演练
Ⅰ.品句填词
(用所给词的适当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词)
1．____________(ignore)
the
difference
between
the
two
research
findings
will
be
one
of
the
worst
mistakes
you
make.
2．She
recovers
____________
a
severe
brain
injury,
and
speaks
normally.
3．The
old
man
is
said
to
have
gone
through
varieties
of____________
(suffer)
during
the
war.
4．I
like
setting
____________
my
feelings
and
thoughts
in
English
in
my
diary
but
I
can't
use
the
correct
sentences
to
describe
what
I
want
to
write.
5．While
____________
(travel)
in
Europe,
he
found
many
interesting
things
and
experienced
different
cultures.
6．Though
working
outside,
he
is
always
____________
(concern)
about
his
aging
mother
at
home.
7．It
was
the
last
time
that
he
____________
(talk)
with
his
father
face
to
face.
8．There
is
no
sense
____________
(upset)
yourself
about
it
now.
Look
forward
and
everything
will
be
all
right.
9．His
angry
expression
suggested
he
____________
(agree)
with
the
decision.
10．No
one
was
certain
whether
Chaplin
did
it
____________
purpose
but
this
helped
to
bring
about
his
huge
success.
Ⅱ.单句改错(含本单元的词汇和语法)
1．Mary
said
some
rather
horrible
things
to
me;
I
felt
pretty
upsetting，
but
tried
not
to
think
about
it
too
much.
2．While
the
students
came
from
different
countries,
they
got
along
with
quite
well
in
the
summer
camp.
3．Last
weekend,
I
had
an
interview
with
Professor
Wang,
an
eye?doctor,
concerned
the
issue
of
short?sightedness
of
school
children
in
China.
4．My
grandfather
came
from
Mexico
and
was
the
only
one
in
his
family
who
settled
down
the
United
States.
5．I
failed
again,
but
my
parents
encouraged
me
and
told
me
that
failure
was
the
mother
of
success.
6．It
was
raining
cats
and
dogs,
thus
added
to
their
difficulty
in
transporting
the
supplies
to
the
earthquake?stricken
areas.
7．Although
I
don't
want
to
end
the
friendship,
but
I
really
hate
others
gossiping.
8．When
the
year
was
over,
she
said
that
she
will
return
to
the
village
after
finishing
her
studies.
9．When
I
told
Tomas
how
much
I
still
missed
Henry,
he
asked
that
whether
I
missed
everything
about
him.
10．Although
he
had
previously
led
a
stable
life,
unemployment
and
a
serie
of
illnesses
left
him
temporarily
without
a
home.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
A
best
friend
is
someone
1．___________
you
can
tell
everything
to,
even
your
most
2．___________
(person)
feelings
and
thoughts.
Anne
Frank
treated
her
diary
3．___________
her
best
friend.
The
German
Nazis
were
in
search
of
Anne
and
her
family.
The
family
had
to
hide
away
from
the
chase.
They
didn't
dare
to
go
out
even
in
the
evenings.
They
had
to
stay
4．___________
(indoor)
day
and
night.
Not
5．___________
(be)
able
to
go
out
for
such
a
long
time,
Anne
missed
the
beauty
of
nature
so
much
that
she
6．___________
(grow)
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
7．___________.
She
stayed
up
until
eleven
thirty
one
evening
on
purpose
just
to
see
8．___________
moonlight.
She
said,
“This
is
the
first
time
I
have
seen
the
moonlight
9．___________
I
came
here.”
10．___________
(fortunate),
the
family
were
discovered
at
last
and
taken
away
from
the
hiding
place.
单元测试题
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Mary
Krupa
became
friends
with
the
grey
squirrels
during
her
first
week
at
Penn
State,
after
spotting
them
running
around
and
idly(漫不经心地)
wondering
what
they
would
look
like
with
tiny
hats
on
their
heads.
Today,
everyone
at
the
university
knows
her
as
the
“Squirrel
Girl”．
Mary
started
bringing
them
food,
and
gradually
they
began
to
trust
her.
She
managed
to
put
a
hat
on
a
squirrel
and
take
a
picture.
Thinking
that
her
colleagues
could
do
with
something
to
lift
up
their
spirits,
she
started
posting
similar
photos
on
Facebook.
The
response
was
greatly
positive,
and
before
long
Mary
and
her
squirrels
became
an
Internet
sensation.
Growing
up
in
a
neighborhood
outside
State
College,
Mary
was
always
fond
of
birds
and
animals
around
her
home,
but
she
didn't
interact(交流)
with
people
very
much.
She
was
later
diagnosed
with
Asperger's
syndrome,
but
the
squirrels
changed
that.
“The
squirrels
are
actually
a
good
way
to
break
the
ice,
because
I'll
be
sitting
here
patting
a
squirrel
and
other
people
will
come
over
and
we'll
just
start
like
feeding
the
squirrels
together
and
chatting
about
them，”
she
said.
“I
am
a
lot
more
outgoing.”
And
in
case
you're
wondering
how
Mary
is
able
to
get
the
squirrels
to
do
what
she
wants
for
her
photos,
it
has
a
lot
to
do
with
food.
For
example,
whenever
she
wants
them
to
hold
or
play
with
something,
she
puts
peanut
butter
on
the
prop(道具),
and
they'll
grab
it.
But
getting
to
that
part
took
a
while.
In
the
beginning,
she
would
throw
peanuts
up
the
trees
on
campus
and
invite
the
squirrels
to
come
down
and
get
them,
but
they
hesitated
to
approach
her.
She
had
the
patience
to
earn
their
trust,
though.
This
year,
Mary
is
graduating
with
a
degree
in
English
and
wildlife
sciences.
She
wants
to
be
a
science
writer
and
educate
people
on
how
to
preserve
the
environment.
As
for
her
furry
friends,
Mary
plans
to
stay
in
the
area
and
visit
them
as
often
as
she
can.
1．What
does
the
underlined
word
“sensation”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
mean?
A．Hit.
B．Challenge.
C．Attack.
D．Link.
2．What
kind
of
change
do
squirrels
bring
to
Mary?
A．She
is
sicker
than
before.
B．She
is
more
interested
in
animals.
C．She
is
more
sociable
than
before.
D．She
is
less
willing
to
go
to
college.
3．How
did
Mary
manage
to
take
photos
of
squirrels
wearing
hats?
A．By
putting
them
in
cages.
B．By
playing
music
to
them.
C．By
attracting
them
with
colorful
food.
D．By
building
a
close
relationship
with
them.
4．Which
words
can
best
describe
Mary?
A．Confident
and
strong.
B．Patient
and
caring.
C．Sociable
and
healthy.
D．Traditional
and
hard?working.
B
You
might
make
a
disgusted
face
when
you
notice
that
the
person
waiting
in
their
car
at
the
red
light
next
to
you
is
picking
their
nose,
but
admit
it,
you
do
it
too.
And
while
it
might
be
the
natural
option
when
there
isn't
a
box
of
tissues
around,
it
can
be
bad
for
you.
The
main
reasons
why
people
feel
the
need
to
pick
their
nose
are
to
clear
it
of
dried
liquid,
stop
an
itch(痒),
or
just
because
it
feels
good.
Boogers(鼻屎)
form
when
dried
liquid
and
cilium,
the
tiny
hairs
that
line
the
nostrils(鼻孔),
trap
the
dust,
dirt,
and
other
things.
When
boogers
build
up
in
your
nose,
it
can
be
uncomfortable,
and
sometimes
just
blowing
them
into
a
tissue
doesn't
do_the_trick.
Otolaryngologist
Erich
P．Voigt,
MD,
told
Business
Insider
that
picking
your
nose
can
cause
injuries
and
bleeding
within
your
nostrils.
That's
not
terribly
damaging,
but
when
the
bacteria
from
your
hands
get
into
your
body,
it
can
cause
a
cold
and
flu.
So
doctors
strongly
suggest
not
picking
the
nose.
If
dry
winter
air
is
causing
the
dirty
liquid
to
harden
in
your
nostrils,
making
you
want
to
pick,
consider
damping
the
air
at
home,
or
taking
a
steam
shower
to
soften
things
up
in
there.
Children,
who
are
most
famous
for
having
a
finger
up
their
nose,
sometimes
don't
realize
how
much
injury
they're
causing,
and
sometimes
it
can
lead
to
nose
bleeding.
So,
next
time
you
go
to
pick
your
nose,
think
about
how
many
bacteria
are
on
your
hands
and
in
your
boogers,
and
maybe
reach
for
a
tissue
instead.
Even
if
you're
alone,
and
not
waiting
for
the
light
to
turn
green,
please,
use
a
tissue.
5．Why
do
people
pick
their
nose?
A．Because
they
want
to
disgust
others.
B．Because
they
have
the
need
to
do
it.
C．Because
they
have
nothing
else
to
do.
6．Which
of
the
following
can
replace
the
underlined
part
“do
the
trick”
in
Paragraph
1?
A．Act.
B．Work.
C．Play.
D．Help.
7．Which
can
help
people
avoid
a
cold
and
flu
according
to
the
text?
A．Stopping
nose
picking.
B．Using
tissues
regularly.
C．Taking
a
shower
every
day.
D．Keeping
the
air
wet
at
home.
8．What
should
you
do
when
you
have
to
pick
your
nose?
A．Be
careful
not
to
cause
bleeding.
B．Use
a
tissue
instead
of
bare
fingers.
C．Wait
for
the
light
to
turn
red
if
you
are
driving.
D．Wash
up
your
hands
and
clear
your
fingernails.
Ⅱ.语法填空
Recent
months
have
seen
a
return
of
bikes
across
China.
With
an
increasing
number
of
people
choosing
cycling
instead
of
1.___________
(drive)
to
schools,
to
workplaces
or
to
do
sightseeing.
The
introduction
of
bike?sharing
programs
has
brought
the
trend
to
a
new
level.
The
bikes
2．___________
(equip)
with
GPS
and
can
be
left
anywhere
in
public
for
the
next
user.
They're
popular
among
many
Chinese
people
as
they
provide
3．___________
effective
solution
in
places
4．___________
it's
difficult
to
change
from
one
kind
of
transport
to
another.
Bike?sharing
is
a
5．___________
(green)
method
of
transportation
and
6．___________
(provide)
a
more
friendly
experience.
However,
the
programs
have
also
led
to
problems
such
as
7．___________
(legal)
parking,
deliberate(蓄意的)
damage
and
theft.
To
deal
with
these
problems,
the
company
came
up
with
the
idea
of
encouraging
people
8．___________
(return)
the
bikes
to
stations
9．___________
rewarding
free
time
for
their
next
rides.
Now,
Chinese
service
operators
are
also
trying
to
address
these
problems，too.
For
example,
Mobike
sets
a
100?point
credit
score
for
each
user,
with
10．___________
(point)
taken
in
case
of
bad
behavior.
Once
a
score
drops
below
80,
the
bike
rental
will
increase
to
100
yuan
per
30
minutes,
up
from
0.5～1
yuan.
Ⅲ.短文改错
短文改错
Last
weekend,
I
spent
busy
but
meaningfully
days!
I
helped
my
grandparents
with
their
trip
in
Dalian.
On
Saturday
morning,
together
with
my
grandparents,
I
searched
the
Internet
for
the
train
schedule,
the
weather
in
Dalian,
or
some
hotel
information.
In
the
afternoon,
they
went
to
the
train
station
and
managed
to
buy
two
tickets
for
my
grandparents
though
there
had
a
long
queue.
After
dinner,
I
packed
the
things
into
the
suitcase,
which
my
grandparents
would
be
need,
such
as
clothes,
glasses,
an
umbrella,
and
a
map.
The
next
morning,
I
went
to
station
to
see
them
off.
Waved
goodbye
to
them
on
the
platform,
I
felt
happy
for
them
and
wished
them
a
safe
journey.
Now
they
must
be
enjoying
themselves
in
Dalian,
I
thought!高中英语新课标人教版
必修1
Unit
1
Friendship
知识点梳理+配套巩固演练+单元测试题(答案版)
基础知识：
重点单
词
1．survey
n．调查；测验
2．upset
adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.使不安；使心烦
3．ignore
vt.不理睬；忽视
4．pack
vt.&
vi.捆扎；包装；打包行李 n．小包；包裹
5．teenager
n．十几岁的青少年
6．grateful
adj.感激的；表示谢意的
7．calm
vt.&
vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj.平静的→calmly
adv.平静地；镇静地
8．concern
vt.(使)担忧；涉及 n．担心；关注；(利害)关系→concerned
adj.有关的；关切的；忧虑的→concerning
prep.关于；涉及
9．loose
adj.松的；松开的→loosely
adv.宽松地→loosen
vt.松开
10．outdoors
adv.在户外；在野外→outdoor
adj.户外的；露天的→indoors
adv.在室内
11．entire
adj.整个的；完全的；全部的→entirely
adv.完全地；全然地；整个地
12．power
n．能力；力量；权力→powerful
adj.强大的；有力的→powerless
adj.无力的；无能为力的；无权的
13．settle
vt.使定居；安排；解决 vi.安家；定居；停留→settlement
n．安顿；定居；定居点；协议；解决→settler
n．移民；殖民者
14．suffer
vt.&
vi.遭受；忍受；经历→suffering
n．折磨；苦难
15．recover
vt.&
vi.痊愈；恢复；重新获得→recovery
n．恢复；复苏；康复
16．disagree
vi.不同意→agree
vi.同意→agreement
n．同意；一致；协议
17．exactly
adv.确实如此；正是；确切地→exact
adj.准确的；精确的
18．dusty
adj.积满灰尘的→dust
n．灰尘
重点短
语
1．add_up
合计
2．calm(…)down
(使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来
3．have_got_to
不得不；必须
4．be_concerned_about
关心；挂念
5．go_through
经历；穿过；浏览；仔细检查；完成
6．set_down
记下；放下；登记
7．a_series_of
一连串的；一系列；一套
8．on_purpose
故意
9．in_order_to
为了……
10．at_dusk
在黄昏时刻
11．face_to_face
面对面地
12．no
longer/not…any
longer
不再……
13．suffer_from
遭受；患病
14．get/be_tired_of
对……厌烦
15．pack_(sth)_up
将(东西)装箱打包
16．get_along/on_with
与……相处；进展
17．fall_in_love
相爱；爱上
18．join_in
参加；加入
重点句
型
1．before引导的时间状语从句
She
and
her
family
hid
away
for
nearly
twenty?five
months
before
they
were
discovered.(教材P2)
2．强调句型：It
is/was＋被强调对象＋that/who＋其他成分
I
wonder
if
it's
because
I
haven't
been
able
to
be
outdoors
for
so
long
that
I've
grown
so
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
nature.(教材P2)
语法要
点
直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)：陈述句和疑问句
1．陈述句
“I
don't
want
to
set
down
a
series
of
facts
in
a
diary，”
said
Anne.(Direct
speech)
→
Anne
said
that
she
didn't
want
to
set
down
a
series
of
facts
in
a
diary.(Indirect
speech)
2．一般疑问句
“Does
a
friend
always
have
to
be
a
person？”
the
writer
asks
us.
→
The
writer
asks
us
if
a
friend
always
has
to
be
a
person.
3．特殊疑问句
“What
do
you
call
your
diary？”
Anne's
sister
asked
her.
→
Anne's
sister
asked
her
what
she
called
her
diary.
1.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的；难过的
vt.(upset,
upset)使不安；使心烦；搅乱；弄翻
Your
friend
comes
to
school
very
upset.(教材P1)
你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。
(1)
(2)
①She
was
upset
to_know
(know)
that
her
application
for
the
position
was
refused.
知道她的职位申请遭到拒绝后，她感到很沮丧。
②All
my
plans
were_upset
(upset)
by
the
sudden
change
in
the
weather.
我所有的计划都被突然变化的天气打乱了。
③Don't
upset
yourself
(you)
about
it—no
harm
has
been
done.
没有造成损失，不要为那件事而烦恼了。
2.calm vi.&
vt.(使)安静；(使)冷静；(使)镇定
adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的
(1)calm…down
让……平静下来
(2)be/stay/keep/remain
calm
保持镇静
(3)calmly
adv.平静地；镇静地；冷静地
①He
took
a
few
deep
breaths
to
calm
himself
down.
他深深地吸了几口气使自己平静下来。
②You
must
keep
calm
(calm)
in
face
of
danger.面对危险你必须保持镇静。
【比较】
calm
平静的，沉着的。指水面无风浪或人的心情不激动。例：We
will
have
to
discuss
this
problem
in
a
calm
mood.我们不得不冷静地来讨论这个问题。
quiet
宁静的，安静的。指没有声音，不吵闹或心境不烦躁。意即：without
noise。例：He
lived
a
quiet
life
in
the
country.他在乡下过着平静的生活。
silent
寂静的，沉默的。指不说话或没有声音。意即：without
speaking。例：It's
bad
manners
to
keep
silent
when
the
teacher
asks
you
a
question.老师提问时你默不作声是不礼貌的。
still
静止的，不动的。指(人体等)无运动的。意即：without
moving。例：Keep
still
while
I
brush
your
hair.我给你梳头时你不要动。
3.concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到
n．担心；关注(的事情)；(利害)关系
You
will
tell
your
friend
that
you
are
concerned
about
him/her
and
you
will
meet
after
class
and
talk
then.(教材P1)
你会告诉你的朋友你关心他/她，下课后你们就见面谈谈。
(1)concern
oneself
about/for
对……表示关心/担忧
(2)
(3)
(4)concerning
prep.关于；有关
①The
authorities
concerned
(concern)
are
concerned
about/for
the
interests
which
are
concerned
with
the
people.有关当局关心有关人民的利益。
②As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
solving
the
problems
depends
on
the
joint
efforts
of
the
whole
society.
在我看来，解决这一问题依靠全社会共同努力。
③The
professor
will
deliver
a
lecture
concerning
(concern)
environment
protection.
教授将作一个关于环保的演讲。
④It
concerns
me
that
you
no
longer
seem
to
care.你似乎不再在乎，这令我担忧。
4.settle vi.安家；定居；停留；安顿下来
vt.使定居；安排；解决
She
found
it
difficult
to
settle
and
calm
down
in
the
hiding
place.(教材P4)
她发现在藏身的地方难以安定和平静下来。
(1)
(2)settler
n．移民；殖民者
(3)settlement
n．安顿；定居；定居点；协议；解决
①Class
begins.
The
students
settle
down
to
listening
(listen)
to
the
teacher
carefully.
上课了，学生们开始认真听老师讲课。
②It
took
her
a
while
to
settle
in/into
her
new
job.她过了一段时间才适应了新工作。
③The
herdsmen
will
live
in
new
settlements
(settle)
in
2019.牧民们将在2019年住进新住宅区。
5.suffer vt.&
vi.遭受；忍受；经历；患……病
She
suffered
from
loneliness,
but
she
had
to
learn
to
like
it
there.(教材P4)
她深受孤独之苦，但在那儿她不得不学会喜欢孤独。
(1)
(2)sufferer
n．患病者；受难者
(3)suffering
n．[U]痛苦；苦恼；[pl.]让人痛苦的事
①The
people
in
the
flooded
area
are
suffering
(from)
cold
and
hunger.
洪灾地区的人们正忍饥挨冻。
②His
many
novels
have
portrayed
the
sufferings
(suffer)
of
his
race.
他在很多小说中描述了他的种族所遭受的种种苦难。
6.recover vi.&
vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得
How
can
Linda
recover
from
her
illness
in
this
room
when
it's
so
dirty
and
dusty?
(教材P4)
在这样肮脏、满是灰尘的房间里，琳达怎么可能病愈呢？
(1)
(2)recovery
n．康复；恢复
①She
didn't
see
anything
suddenly
but
quickly
recovered
her
sight.
她突然看不见任何东西了，但是很快又恢复了视力。
②She
seemed
upset
but
quickly
recovered
herself
(her)．
她显得心烦意乱，但很快静下心来。
③There
she
lay
year
in
year
out,
unable
to
move,
and
with
no
hope
of
recovery
(recover).
她长年躺在那儿不能活动，
没有痊愈的希望。
1.add
up 合计；把……加起来；合情理；说得通
Add
up
your
score
and
see
how
many
points
you
get.(教材P1)
把你的分数加起来看看能得多少分。
(1)
(2)
①The
engine
of
the
ship
was
out
of
order
and
the
bad
weather
added
to
the
helplessness
of
the
crew
at
sea.船的发动机发生了故障，再加上恶劣的天气增添了海员们的无助。
②The
money
he
spent
within
a
month
added
(add)
up
to
more
than
1,000
dollars.
他一个月花的钱加起来有1
000多美元。
③The
official
expressed
great
concern
over
the
food
safety,
adding
that
the
government
would
take
more
measures
to
prevent
such
case
happening
again.
这名官员表示高度关注食品安全，并补充说政府会采取更多的措施预防此类案件再次发生。
④In
addition/Besides/What's
more,
we
should
learn
how
to
get
along
well
with
others.
此外，我们应该学会如何与他人友好相处。
2.go
through 经历，遭受(多指痛苦的事情)；仔细检查；(法案等)通过；完成；用完；浏览；查看Or
are
you
afraid
that
your
friend
would
laugh
at
you,
or
would
not
understand
what
you
are
going
through？(教材P2)
或者你害怕你的朋友嘲笑你，或者不理解你正经历的事情？
【一词多义】
写出下列句中go
through的含义。
①The
poor
girl
has
gone
through
a
lot
since
her
parents
died.
经历，遭受
②I
went
through
the
students'
papers
last
night.浏览
③The
new
law
did
not
go
through.(法案)通过
④You
have
to
go
through
certain
formalities
before
you
can
emigrate.完成
go
against违背；违反
go
ahead向前；进行；说吧；请吧
go
by走过；(时间)流逝
go
out熄灭；出去；过时
go
over复习；仔细检查
go
up上升；增长；攀登
3.on
purpose 故意
For
example,
one
evening
when
it
was
so
warm,
I
stayed
awake
on
purpose
until
half
past
eleven
in
order
to
have
a
good
look
at
the
moon
by
myself.(教材P2)
比如，有天晚上天气很暖和，我故意熬夜到十一点半，为的是独自好好看看月亮。
(1)
(2)with/for
the
purpose
of
目的是；为了……
①It
was
no
accident.
She
broke
the
dish
on
purpose.
这并不是意外，她是故意把碟子打破的。
②Did
you
come
to
China
with
the
purpose
of
visiting
your
friends?
你来中国就是为了看你的朋友们吗？
1.before引导的时间状语从句
She
and
her
family
hid
away
for
nearly
twenty?five
months
before
they
were
discovered.(教材P2)
她和家人躲藏了将近二十五个月后才被发现。
【句式点拨】
before
they
were
discovered是复合句中的时间状语从句，直译是“在他们被发现前”，可意译为“……后他们才被发现”。
before作为连词引导时间状语从句，用以表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活。常见的有：
(1)表示“在……之前就……”。
①Mary
had
finished
her
homework
before
her
mother
returned.
玛丽在她母亲回来之前就已经完成作业了。
(2)表示“过了多久后才……，动作进行到什么程度才……”。
②They
worked
day
and
night
about
three
days
before
everything
returned
to
normal.
他们不分昼夜地工作了三天才使得一切恢复正常。
(3)表示“来不及，尚未……就……”，这时常与情态动词can/could连用。
③She
was
angry
before
I
could
explain
to
her.我还没来得及向她解释她就生气了。
(4)It＋be＋not＋long＋before…，意为“……不久就……”。
④It
was
not
long
before
he
told
me
about
it.不久他就告诉了我这件事情。
(5)It＋be＋时间段＋before…，意为“……之后才……”。
⑤It
will
be
three
years
before
he
finishes
the
work.他得花三年才能完成这项工作。
【提示】
It
is/has
been＋时间段＋since
sb
did
sth，表示“自从……(到现在)有多长时间了”。
⑥It
is/has
been
three
years
since
he
finished
the
work.
自从他完成这项工作已经三年了。
2.强调句型：It
is/was＋被强调对象＋that/who＋其他成分
I
wonder
if
it's
because
I
haven't
been
able
to
be
outdoors
for
so
long
that
I've
grown
so
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
nature.(教材P2)我不知道是不是因为我长期无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
【句式点拨】
这是一个复杂的主从复合句。if引导宾语从句作动词wonder的宾语。在宾语从句中，it
is…that…是强调句，强调because引导的原因状语从句。原因状语从句被强调，只能用because来引导，不能用since,
as或for。
(1)强调句型的结构为：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。强调人可用who/that作连词，强调事物用that。所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语或状语，但不能是定语和谓语。
①It
was
him
that/who/whom
we
met
yesterday.(强调宾语)我们昨天遇到的是他。
②It
was
in
the
park
that
Tom
lost
his
watch.(强调状语)
汤姆就是在这个公园里丢失的手表。
(2)如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底”“究竟”等语气时，就用此结构。
(3)强调句型的判断方法：将(It
is/was)…(that/who)…括号中的词同时去掉，看剩下的部分是否仍然完整，若完整，则是强调句型，若不完整，则不是。
③Was
it
because
he
behaved
badly
that
he
was
punished
by
his
teacher?
是因为他表现太差而受到老师的惩罚吗？
(4)强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
④I
wonder
when
it
was
that
you
called
me
yesterday.
我想知道你昨天给我打电话到底是什么时候。
⑤It's
I
who
am
to
be
punished
for
doing
that.是我应该为做那件事受到惩罚。
【注意】
关于强调句型，请参阅本书P237语法专题十二。
配套巩固练演练
Ⅰ.品句填词(用所给词的适当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词)
1．Ignoring
(ignore)
the
difference
between
the
two
research
findings
will
be
one
of
the
worst
mistakes
you
make.
2．She
recovers
from
a
severe
brain
injury,
and
speaks
normally.
3．The
old
man
is
said
to
have
gone
through
varieties
of
sufferings
(suffer)
during
the
war.
4．I
like
setting
down
my
feelings
and
thoughts
in
English
in
my
diary
but
I
can't
use
the
correct
sentences
to
describe
what
I
want
to
write.
5．While
travel(l)ing
(travel)
in
Europe,
he
found
many
interesting
things
and
experienced
different
cultures.
6．Though
working
outside,
he
is
always
concerned
(concern)
about
his
aging
mother
at
home.
7．It
was
the
last
time
that
he
had_talked
(talk)
with
his
father
face
to
face.
8．There
is
no
sense
upsetting
(upset)
yourself
about
it
now.
Look
forward
and
everything
will
be
all
right.
9．His
angry
expression
suggested
he
disagreed
(agree)
with
the
decision.
10．No
one
was
certain
whether
Chaplin
did
it
on
purpose
but
this
helped
to
bring
about
his
huge
success.
Ⅱ.单句改错(含本单元的词汇和语法)
1．Mary
said
some
rather
horrible
things
to
me;
I
felt
pretty
，
but
tried
not
to
think
about
it
too
much.
2．While
the
students
came
from
different
countries,
they
got
along
with
quite
well
in
the
summer
camp.
3．Last
weekend,
I
had
an
interview
with
Professor
Wang,
an
eye?doctor,
the
issue
of
short?sightedness
of
school
children
in
China.
4．My
grandfather
came
from
Mexico
and
was
the
only
one
in
his
family
who
settled
down
the
United
States.
5．I
failed
again,
but
my
parents
encouraged
me
and
told
me
that
failure
the
mother
of
success.
6．It
was
raining
cats
and
dogs,
thus
to
their
difficulty
in
transporting
the
supplies
to
the
earthquake?stricken
areas.
7．Although
I
don't
want
to
end
the
friendship,
/
but
I
really
hate
others
gossiping.
8．When
the
year
was
over,
she
said
that
she
return
to
the
village
after
finishing
her
studies.
9．When
I
told
Tomas
how
much
I
still
missed
Henry,
he
asked
that
whether
I
missed
everything
about
him.
10．Although
he
had
previously
led
a
stable
life,
unemployment
and
a
of
illnesses
left
him
temporarily
without
a
home.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
A
best
friend
is
someone
1．who(m)/that
you
can
tell
everything
to,
even
your
most
2．personal
(person)
feelings
and
thoughts.
Anne
Frank
treated
her
diary
3．as
her
best
friend.
The
German
Nazis
were
in
search
of
Anne
and
her
family.
The
family
had
to
hide
away
from
the
chase.
They
didn't
dare
to
go
out
even
in
the
evenings.
They
had
to
stay
4．indoors
(indoor)
day
and
night.
Not
5．being
(be)
able
to
go
out
for
such
a
long
time,
Anne
missed
the
beauty
of
nature
so
much
that
she
6．grew
(grow)
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
7．it.
She
stayed
up
until
eleven
thirty
one
evening
on
purpose
just
to
see
8．the
moonlight.
She
said,
“This
is
the
first
time
I
have
seen
the
moonlight
9．since
I
came
here.”
10．Unfortunately
(fortunate),
the
family
were
discovered
at
last
and
taken
away
from
the
hiding
place.
单元测试题
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Mary
Krupa
became
friends
with
the
grey
squirrels
during
her
first
week
at
Penn
State,
after
spotting
them
running
around
and
idly(漫不经心地)
wondering
what
they
would
look
like
with
tiny
hats
on
their
heads.
Today,
everyone
at
the
university
knows
her
as
the
“Squirrel
Girl”．
Mary
started
bringing
them
food,
and
gradually
they
began
to
trust
her.
She
managed
to
put
a
hat
on
a
squirrel
and
take
a
picture.
Thinking
that
her
colleagues
could
do
with
something
to
lift
up
their
spirits,
she
started
posting
similar
photos
on
Facebook.
The
response
was
greatly
positive,
and
before
long
Mary
and
her
squirrels
became
an
Internet
sensation.
Growing
up
in
a
neighborhood
outside
State
College,
Mary
was
always
fond
of
birds
and
animals
around
her
home,
but
she
didn't
interact(交流)
with
people
very
much.
She
was
later
diagnosed
with
Asperger's
syndrome,
but
the
squirrels
changed
that.
“The
squirrels
are
actually
a
good
way
to
break
the
ice,
because
I'll
be
sitting
here
patting
a
squirrel
and
other
people
will
come
over
and
we'll
just
start
like
feeding
the
squirrels
together
and
chatting
about
them，”
she
said.
“I
am
a
lot
more
outgoing.”
And
in
case
you're
wondering
how
Mary
is
able
to
get
the
squirrels
to
do
what
she
wants
for
her
photos,
it
has
a
lot
to
do
with
food.
For
example,
whenever
she
wants
them
to
hold
or
play
with
something,
she
puts
peanut
butter
on
the
prop(道具),
and
they'll
grab
it.
But
getting
to
that
part
took
a
while.
In
the
beginning,
she
would
throw
peanuts
up
the
trees
on
campus
and
invite
the
squirrels
to
come
down
and
get
them,
but
they
hesitated
to
approach
her.
She
had
the
patience
to
earn
their
trust,
though.
This
year,
Mary
is
graduating
with
a
degree
in
English
and
wildlife
sciences.
She
wants
to
be
a
science
writer
and
educate
people
on
how
to
preserve
the
environment.
As
for
her
furry
friends,
Mary
plans
to
stay
in
the
area
and
visit
them
as
often
as
she
can.
语篇导读
本文为记叙文。宾夕法尼亚州立大学的玛丽曾被诊断出患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠使她变得外向起来。在和松鼠之间建立信任以后，玛丽拍了一些松鼠戴帽子的照片，这在互联网上引起了轰动。
1．What
does
the
underlined
word
“sensation”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
mean?
A．Hit.
B．Challenge.
C．Attack.
D．Link.
解析
A 词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知，玛丽拍的照片得到了非常积极的回应，在互联网上引起了轰动。hit(风行一时的事物)与画线词意思相近，故选A项。
2．What
kind
of
change
do
squirrels
bring
to
Mary?
A．She
is
sicker
than
before.
B．She
is
more
interested
in
animals.
C．She
is
more
sociable
than
before.
D．She
is
less
willing
to
go
to
college.
解析
C 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，玛丽之前不善于交际，并被诊断出患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠改变了她，使她变得外向了，故选C项。
3．How
did
Mary
manage
to
take
photos
of
squirrels
wearing
hats?
A．By
putting
them
in
cages.
B．By
playing
music
to
them.
C．By
attracting
them
with
colorful
food.
D．By
building
a
close
relationship
with
them.
解析
D 细节理解题。根据第四段的描述可知，玛丽想给松鼠拍照需要借助食物，但并不是只要给松鼠食物，松鼠就会让她拍出想要的照片，她必须和松鼠之间建立信任而且亲密的关系，故选D项。
4．Which
words
can
best
describe
Mary?
A．Confident
and
strong.
B．Patient
and
caring.
C．Sociable
and
healthy.
D．Traditional
and
hard?working.
解析
B 推理判断题。根据文中玛丽与松鼠的相处及第四段中的She
had
the
patience
to
earn
their
trust,
though可知，玛丽有耐心且有爱心，故选B项。
B
You
might
make
a
disgusted
face
when
you
notice
that
the
person
waiting
in
their
car
at
the
red
light
next
to
you
is
picking
their
nose,
but
admit
it,
you
do
it
too.
And
while
it
might
be
the
natural
option
when
there
isn't
a
box
of
tissues
around,
it
can
be
bad
for
you.
The
main
reasons
why
people
feel
the
need
to
pick
their
nose
are
to
clear
it
of
dried
liquid,
stop
an
itch(痒),
or
just
because
it
feels
good.
Boogers(鼻屎)
form
when
dried
liquid
and
cilium,
the
tiny
hairs
that
line
the
nostrils(鼻孔),
trap
the
dust,
dirt,
and
other
things.
When
boogers
build
up
in
your
nose,
it
can
be
uncomfortable,
and
sometimes
just
blowing
them
into
a
tissue
doesn't
do_the_trick.
Otolaryngologist
Erich
P．Voigt,
MD,
told
Business
Insider
that
picking
your
nose
can
cause
injuries
and
bleeding
within
your
nostrils.
That's
not
terribly
damaging,
but
when
the
bacteria
from
your
hands
get
into
your
body,
it
can
cause
a
cold
and
flu.
So
doctors
strongly
suggest
not
picking
the
nose.
If
dry
winter
air
is
causing
the
dirty
liquid
to
harden
in
your
nostrils,
making
you
want
to
pick,
consider
damping
the
air
at
home,
or
taking
a
steam
shower
to
soften
things
up
in
there.
Children,
who
are
most
famous
for
having
a
finger
up
their
nose,
sometimes
don't
realize
how
much
injury
they're
causing,
and
sometimes
it
can
lead
to
nose
bleeding.
So,
next
time
you
go
to
pick
your
nose,
think
about
how
many
bacteria
are
on
your
hands
and
in
your
boogers,
and
maybe
reach
for
a
tissue
instead.
Even
if
you're
alone,
and
not
waiting
for
the
light
to
turn
green,
please,
use
a
tissue.
语篇导读
本文为说明文，主要分析了人们抠鼻子的原因以及抠鼻子所带来的不良后果，并呼吁人们需要时用纸巾而不是用手指抠鼻子。
5．Why
do
people
pick
their
nose?
A．Because
they
want
to
disgust
others.
B．Because
they
have
the
need
to
do
it.
C．Because
they
have
nothing
else
to
do.
D．Because
they
don't
have
tissues
around.
解析
B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，人们抠鼻子的原因是他们认为有必要这样做，故选B项。
6．Which
of
the
following
can
replace
the
underlined
part
“do
the
trick”
in
Paragraph
1?
A．Act.
B．Work.
C．Play.
D．Help.
解析
D 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句中的When
boogers
build
up
in
your
nose,
it
can
be
uncomfortable可推知，鼻屎堵住鼻子的话，有时候用纸巾擤鼻子并没有用。help意为“减轻，改善”，符合题意，故选D项。
7．Which
can
help
people
avoid
a
cold
and
flu
according
to
the
text?
A．Stopping
nose
picking.
B．Using
tissues
regularly.
C．Taking
a
shower
every
day.
D．Keeping
the
air
wet
at
home.
解析
A 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可推知，抠鼻子有可能引起细菌感染，让人感冒，因此医生强烈建议不要抠鼻子，故选A项。
8．What
should
you
do
when
you
have
to
pick
your
nose?
A．Be
careful
not
to
cause
bleeding.
B．Use
a
tissue
instead
of
bare
fingers.
C．Wait
for
the
light
to
turn
red
if
you
are
driving.
D．Wash
up
your
hands
and
clear
your
fingernails.
解析
B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，下次要抠鼻子的话，不要直接用手指，而是用纸巾代替，故选B项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Recent
months
have
seen
a
return
of
bikes
across
China.
With
an
increasing
number
of
people
choosing
cycling
instead
of
1．_driving_(drive)
to
schools,
to
workplaces
or
to
do
sightseeing.
The
introduction
of
bike?sharing
programs
has
brought
the
trend
to
a
new
level.
The
bikes
2．are
equipped
(equip)
with
GPS
and
can
be
left
anywhere
in
public
for
the
next
user.
They're
popular
among
many
Chinese
people
as
they
provide
3．an
effective
solution
in
places
4．where
it's
difficult
to
change
from
one
kind
of
transport
to
another.
Bike?sharing
is
a
5．greener
(green)
method
of
transportation
and
6．provides
(provide)
a
more
friendly
experience.
However,
the
programs
have
also
led
to
problems
such
as
7．illegal
(legal)
parking,
deliberate(蓄意的)
damage
and
theft.
To
deal
with
these
problems,
the
company
came
up
with
the
idea
of
encouraging
people
8．to
return
(return)
the
bikes
to
stations
9．by
rewarding
free
time
for
their
next
rides.
Now,
Chinese
service
operators
are
also
trying
to
address
these
problems，too.
For
example,
Mobike
sets
a
100?point
credit
score
for
each
user,
with
10．points
(point)
taken
in
case
of
bad
behavior.
Once
a
score
drops
below
80,
the
bike
rental
will
increase
to
100
yuan
per
30
minutes,
up
from
0.5～1
yuan.
语篇导读
本文为说明文。共享单车受到了大众的欢迎，但是也带来了很多问题。为了解决这些问题，运营共享单车的公司也采取了一些措施。
1．driving 解析
考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车上学、上班或观光。根据空前的介词of可知，空处应用v.?ing形式。
2．are
equipped 解析
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这些自行车装配了GPS，可以被停在公共场所的任何地方留给下一位用户使用。此处是客观性描述，且The
bikes和equip之间是动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为The
bikes，故谓语动词用复数形式。
3．an 解析
考查冠词。该处指“一种有效的解决方法”，表示数量“一”；effective的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
4．where 解析
考查连词。句意：共享单车受到许多中国人的欢迎，因为它们在难以从一种交通工具到换乘另一种交通工具的地方提供了一种有效的解决办法。该句为定语从句，places为先行词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。
5．greener 解析
考查比较等级。共享单车是一种更绿色的交通方式。根据本句中的more
friendly可知，此空应用比较级形式与之构成并列关系。
6．provides 解析
考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，主语是Bike?sharing，且由本句中的is和and可知，空处应用动词provide的第三人称单数形式。
7．illegal 解析
考查语义和逻辑。根据语境可知，此处指非法停车。故填illegal，意为“非法的”。
8．to
return 解析
考查非谓语动词。encourage
sb
to
do
sth鼓励某人做某事，为固定搭配。
9．by 解析
考查介词。句意：为了解决这些问题，公司提出了一种办法，通过奖励人们下一次免费骑车的时间，鼓励他们将自行车送回车站。空处应用by表示方式。
10．points 解析
考查名词的数。句意：例如，摩拜公司为每位用户设置了100分的信用评分，如有不良行为就减分。point意为“分数”时为可数名词，且其前没有限定词修饰，故用复数形式。
Ⅲ.短文改错
Last
weekend,
I
spent
busy
but
①
days!
I
helped
my
grandparents
with
their
trip
②
Dalian.
On
Saturday
morning,
together
with
my
grandparents,
I
searched
the
Internet
for
the
train
schedule,
the
weather
in
Dalian,
③
some
hotel
④.
In
the
afternoon,
⑤
went
to
the
train
station
and
managed
to
buy
two
tickets
for
my
grandparents
though
there
⑥
a
long
queue.
After
dinner,
I
packed
the
things
into
the
suitcase,
which
my
grandparents
would
be
⑦
need,
such
as
clothes,
glasses,
an
umbrella,
and
a
map.
The
next
morning,
I
went
to
⑧station
to
see
them
off.
⑨
goodbye
to
them
on
the
platform,
I
felt
happy
for
them
and
wished
them
a
safe
journey.
Now
they
must
be
enjoying
themselves
in
Dalian,
I
⑩
!
①
解析
形容词作定语修饰名词days。
②
解析
表示“前往……的旅行”，应用介词to。
③
解析
上下文是并列关系，不是选择关系，故用and。
④
解析
information为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
⑤
解析
是“我”去买票，因此用代词I。
⑥
解析
there
be句型表示“客观存在”。
⑦
解析
本句是主动语态，be动词多余。
⑧
解析
此处的station是特指，故其前用定冠词。
⑨
解析
动词wave与主语I为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语，表示主动和进行。
⑩
解析
此处是指“现在想”，故用一般现在时。
