人教PEP（2014秋）小升初总复习－专项提升 第六部分 短文填空 (共23张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教PEP（2014秋）小升初总复习－专项提升 第六部分 短文填空 (共23张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 99.7KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版(PEP) | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-07-13 20:38:42 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
第二篇 专项提升
第六部分 短文填空
知识梳理
英语短文填空答题技巧
短文缺词填空是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章意思的基础上，通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词的一种考查形式。它是考查学生综合运用英语思维能力的一种有效方法。下面是一些英语短文填空答题技巧。
1. 从全局把握文章大意
要填的单词需要在一定的语言环境中才能确定，只有把握全局才能有主导方向，才能有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，从而缩小词意的选择范围。
2. 从语法上加以把握
一般的空缺词都可以通过其所在的句型结构和句法构成来判断其词性，这样可以缩小词的选择范围。
3. 从行文上确定词的形式
确定一个单词的词性后，可通过其上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词、名词的单复数、代词的各种所有格及单复数、形容词的比较级与最高级等。
4. 要注意文中提供的细节与暗示
要通过文章内容和所掌握的知识、运用推理、分析、判断来进行辨析。
5. 还需要注意的事项
（1）短文填空题型中的短文通常没有标题，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
（2）第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。
（3）做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着写出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为短文填空不同于单个句子的填词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文，通篇考虑。
（4）动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
考点精析
考查学生综合运用语言的能力及对文章阅读理解能力
【例】Read, choose and fill. 阅读下面短文，选择合适的单词将短文补充完整，使其意思通顺，每空只填一词，每词只用一次。
考点
saw, was, showed, on，number, dinner, hungry, with, happy, hers
Last Friday afternoon I went shopping __________ my mum. We were very __________ after shopping, so Mum took me to a restaurant for __________. Just before we left the restaurant,I __________ a handbag on the floor under my chair. I __________ it to my mum. She said, “You should give it to the waiter in the restaurant.” So I gave him the handbag. He asked for my address and telephone __________.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
A week later the phone rang. My mum called to me, “Daisy, there is a woman __________ the phone for you. Her name is Mrs Lee.” I _____ _____ surprised because I knew nobody called Mrs Lee. I spoke to the woman. The handbag was __________. She was very __________ to have her handbag back and asked for my name. Two days later I got a thank-you letter from Mrs Lee.
7.
8.
9.
10.
解析：本题考查内容是词汇在语篇上下文中的运用,上下文中会出现对所填词的解释说明甚至是出现的原因。因此，做这类题应该掌握的方法是先通读一次文段，了解文段的大意后根据上下文进行推理和归纳，从而选出最适合的词。
答案：1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
with
hungry
dinner
saw
showed
number
on
was
hers
happy
过关检测
Read, choose and fill. 阅读下面短文，选择合适的单词将短文补充完整，使其意思通顺，每空只填一词，每词只用一次。
（一）
learned, by, because, good, hot, excited, beautiful, swimming, Beijing, China
Last summer holiday, John and his parents went to visit Uncle Wang in Dalian. They went there __________ ship. John __________ how to swim in Dalian __________ they went ____________ every day in the sea. They had a __________ time. This summer holiday, they plan to go to __________ by air. Beijing is known as the capital（首都） of __________. It's usually __________ in summer. Sometimes the temperature（温度） is 40 ℃. It's too hot. But there are many __________ places there! John is __________. He can't wait to go now! Do you think John will have a great holiday this year?
1.
by
2.
learned
3.
because
4.
swimming
5.
good
6.
Beijing
7.
China
8.
hot
9.
beautiful
10.
excited
together, watching, to, does, older, English, years, exercise, gets, goes
（二）
Tom is an __________ boy. He's twelve __________ old. He's two years __________ than his brother, Jim. Tom is 150 cm and Jim is 160 cm. Jim is 50 kilos and Tom is 60 kilos. Tom wants __________ lose some weight, so he tries not to eat too much food. He also __________ more exercise than before. Every morning he __________ up earlier than Jim and he goes jogging for thirty minutes. He usually goes skating after school. After dinner, Tom often __________ for a walk, and Jim likes __________ TV at home. Now Tom is much stronger than Jim. Jim thinks he needs more __________ now. He and Tom will do exercise __________.
1.
English
2.
fever
3.
older
4.
to
5.
does
6.
gets
7.
goes
8.
watching
9.
exercise
10.
together
flying, buy, take, stay, with, feels, taking, favourite, bored, fever
（三）
Peter __________ very sad today. He is sick. He has a __________. His mother asks him to __________ in bed. He is very __________. In the afternoon, his good friends Tim and Mike come to see him. They _______ a lot of fruit and some flowers for Peter. He is very happy. This weekend, Peter is going to go hiking __________ his friends. They are going to fly kites, __________ pictures and play football. Because Peter likes _______ kites, Tim's hobby is __________ pictures, and playing football is Mike's ____________ sport.
1.
feels
2.
fever
3.
stay
4.
bored
5.
buy
6.
with
7.
take
8.
flying
9.
taking
10.
favourite
you, live, sleeping, trees, jumping, fast, baby, are, much, like
（四）
I want to introduce two kinds of animals to __________. They __________ koalas and kangaroos. They __________ in Australia. Koalas like __________ very much. They always sleep in the __________. They can sleep 20 hours a day. Kangaroos like __________, and they can jump very __________. Sometimes you can see __________ kangaroos stay in their mother's pouch（育儿袋）for months. I like these two kinds of animals very __________. Which animal do you __________ best?
1.
you
2.
are
3.
live
4.
sleeping
5.
trees
6.
jumping
7.
fast
8.
baby
9.
much
10.
like
why, friends, Merry, was, Don't, saw, follow, driving, an, tallest
（五）
NBA is the most famous basketball game in the world. There ______ a Chinese player in this game. His name is Yao Ming. He was the __________ player in this game. In his free time, Yao likes _________ cars. On one Christmas, he drove _____ old car to visit one of his _________. On his way, he ________ a policeman following him. Finally, he stopped and said to the policeman, “__________ Christmas, sir.
1.
was
2.
tallest
3.
driving
4.
an
5.
friends
6.
saw
7.
Merry
Is there anything wrong with me?” “No, of course not.” answered the policeman. “Then _______ did you ________ me?” asked Yao. “__________ be angry.”said the policeman, “You did nothing wrong. I just want to ask you for a signature（签名）！”
8.
why
9.
follow
10.
Don't
much, makes, down, danger, White, Smoke, save, more, posters, useful
（六）
All the students know that the earth is our home. In fact, our earth is in __________. There are so many serious problems（严重的问题） about it. Air pollution（污染） is one of them. __________ from cars and factories __________ the air dirty. People cut __________ trees for wood, but that's bad for the air, because trees help keep the air clean. Water pollution is the other one of them. Water is so __________ and important to us. If there is no clean water, there is no life in the future.
1.
danger
2.
Smoke
3.
makes
4.
down
5.
useful
_________ pollution is the other one of them. People use too __________ plastic （塑料制品）. Our earth is hot, too. The climate（气候）is going to get warmer and warmer even in winter in the future. What can we do to __________ the earth? I'm going to make some kinds of __________ to get __________ people to think about the world around us. How about you?
6.
White
7.
much
8.
save
9.
posters
10.
more
was, stayed, visit, had, drank, and, island, blue, I, rode
（七）
Hainan is an __________ in the south of China. It is famous for the __________ sea and the beautiful beach. Last summer, my parents and __________ went there on holiday. We __________ in the hotel in Sanya. Our stay __________ two weeks. During our holiday, we __________ lots of fun. My mum swam in the sea, my dad __________ the motorboat（摩托艇） with me.
1.
island
2.
blue
3.
I
4.
stayed
5.
was
6.
had
7.
rode
We also __________ the coconut juice （椰汁）, and had different kinds of seafood （海鲜）. The island was wonderful _________ the people there were really friendly. We enjoyed the holiday very much. I am going to __________ the island again next summer holiday.
8.
drank
9.
and
10.
visit
my, many, woman, out, may, but, bag, next to, seat, old
（八）
It's Sunday. There are __________ people on the bus. And an _______ man is looking here and there. He wants to find a __________. Then he finds one. He goes to it. A small __________ is on the seat. And a young man is __________ it.
“Excuse me, __________ I have this seat?” asks the old man. “Sorry, it's for a __________. She goes to buy some bananas.” says the young man. “Well, ” says the old man. “Let me sit here, please. When she comes back, I will leave （离开） here.”
1.
many
2.
old
3.
seat
4.
bag
5.
next to
6.
may
7.
woman
The bus starts. “She doesn't come, __________ her bag is here. Let me give her the bag.” The old man wants to throw the bag __________ of the window. “Don't throw! It's __________ bag.” The young man jumps and shouts（大喊）.
8.
but
9.
out
10.
my
第六部分 短文填空
知识梳理
英语短文填空答题技巧
短文缺词填空是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章意思的基础上，通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词的一种考查形式。它是考查学生综合运用英语思维能力的一种有效方法。下面是一些英语短文填空答题技巧。
1. 从全局把握文章大意
要填的单词需要在一定的语言环境中才能确定，只有把握全局才能有主导方向，才能有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，从而缩小词意的选择范围。
2. 从语法上加以把握
一般的空缺词都可以通过其所在的句型结构和句法构成来判断其词性，这样可以缩小词的选择范围。
3. 从行文上确定词的形式
确定一个单词的词性后，可通过其上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词、名词的单复数、代词的各种所有格及单复数、形容词的比较级与最高级等。
4. 要注意文中提供的细节与暗示
要通过文章内容和所掌握的知识、运用推理、分析、判断来进行辨析。
5. 还需要注意的事项
（1）短文填空题型中的短文通常没有标题，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
（2）第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。
（3）做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着写出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为短文填空不同于单个句子的填词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文，通篇考虑。
（4）动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
考点精析
考查学生综合运用语言的能力及对文章阅读理解能力
【例】Read, choose and fill. 阅读下面短文，选择合适的单词将短文补充完整，使其意思通顺，每空只填一词，每词只用一次。
考点
saw, was, showed, on，number, dinner, hungry, with, happy, hers
Last Friday afternoon I went shopping __________ my mum. We were very __________ after shopping, so Mum took me to a restaurant for __________. Just before we left the restaurant,I __________ a handbag on the floor under my chair. I __________ it to my mum. She said, “You should give it to the waiter in the restaurant.” So I gave him the handbag. He asked for my address and telephone __________.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
A week later the phone rang. My mum called to me, “Daisy, there is a woman __________ the phone for you. Her name is Mrs Lee.” I _____ _____ surprised because I knew nobody called Mrs Lee. I spoke to the woman. The handbag was __________. She was very __________ to have her handbag back and asked for my name. Two days later I got a thank-you letter from Mrs Lee.
7.
8.
9.
10.
解析：本题考查内容是词汇在语篇上下文中的运用,上下文中会出现对所填词的解释说明甚至是出现的原因。因此，做这类题应该掌握的方法是先通读一次文段，了解文段的大意后根据上下文进行推理和归纳，从而选出最适合的词。
答案：1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
with
hungry
dinner
saw
showed
number
on
was
hers
happy
过关检测
Read, choose and fill. 阅读下面短文，选择合适的单词将短文补充完整，使其意思通顺，每空只填一词，每词只用一次。
（一）
learned, by, because, good, hot, excited, beautiful, swimming, Beijing, China
Last summer holiday, John and his parents went to visit Uncle Wang in Dalian. They went there __________ ship. John __________ how to swim in Dalian __________ they went ____________ every day in the sea. They had a __________ time. This summer holiday, they plan to go to __________ by air. Beijing is known as the capital（首都） of __________. It's usually __________ in summer. Sometimes the temperature（温度） is 40 ℃. It's too hot. But there are many __________ places there! John is __________. He can't wait to go now! Do you think John will have a great holiday this year?
1.
by
2.
learned
3.
because
4.
swimming
5.
good
6.
Beijing
7.
China
8.
hot
9.
beautiful
10.
excited
together, watching, to, does, older, English, years, exercise, gets, goes
（二）
Tom is an __________ boy. He's twelve __________ old. He's two years __________ than his brother, Jim. Tom is 150 cm and Jim is 160 cm. Jim is 50 kilos and Tom is 60 kilos. Tom wants __________ lose some weight, so he tries not to eat too much food. He also __________ more exercise than before. Every morning he __________ up earlier than Jim and he goes jogging for thirty minutes. He usually goes skating after school. After dinner, Tom often __________ for a walk, and Jim likes __________ TV at home. Now Tom is much stronger than Jim. Jim thinks he needs more __________ now. He and Tom will do exercise __________.
1.
English
2.
fever
3.
older
4.
to
5.
does
6.
gets
7.
goes
8.
watching
9.
exercise
10.
together
flying, buy, take, stay, with, feels, taking, favourite, bored, fever
（三）
Peter __________ very sad today. He is sick. He has a __________. His mother asks him to __________ in bed. He is very __________. In the afternoon, his good friends Tim and Mike come to see him. They _______ a lot of fruit and some flowers for Peter. He is very happy. This weekend, Peter is going to go hiking __________ his friends. They are going to fly kites, __________ pictures and play football. Because Peter likes _______ kites, Tim's hobby is __________ pictures, and playing football is Mike's ____________ sport.
1.
feels
2.
fever
3.
stay
4.
bored
5.
buy
6.
with
7.
take
8.
flying
9.
taking
10.
favourite
you, live, sleeping, trees, jumping, fast, baby, are, much, like
（四）
I want to introduce two kinds of animals to __________. They __________ koalas and kangaroos. They __________ in Australia. Koalas like __________ very much. They always sleep in the __________. They can sleep 20 hours a day. Kangaroos like __________, and they can jump very __________. Sometimes you can see __________ kangaroos stay in their mother's pouch（育儿袋）for months. I like these two kinds of animals very __________. Which animal do you __________ best?
1.
you
2.
are
3.
live
4.
sleeping
5.
trees
6.
jumping
7.
fast
8.
baby
9.
much
10.
like
why, friends, Merry, was, Don't, saw, follow, driving, an, tallest
（五）
NBA is the most famous basketball game in the world. There ______ a Chinese player in this game. His name is Yao Ming. He was the __________ player in this game. In his free time, Yao likes _________ cars. On one Christmas, he drove _____ old car to visit one of his _________. On his way, he ________ a policeman following him. Finally, he stopped and said to the policeman, “__________ Christmas, sir.
1.
was
2.
tallest
3.
driving
4.
an
5.
friends
6.
saw
7.
Merry
Is there anything wrong with me?” “No, of course not.” answered the policeman. “Then _______ did you ________ me?” asked Yao. “__________ be angry.”said the policeman, “You did nothing wrong. I just want to ask you for a signature（签名）！”
8.
why
9.
follow
10.
Don't
much, makes, down, danger, White, Smoke, save, more, posters, useful
（六）
All the students know that the earth is our home. In fact, our earth is in __________. There are so many serious problems（严重的问题） about it. Air pollution（污染） is one of them. __________ from cars and factories __________ the air dirty. People cut __________ trees for wood, but that's bad for the air, because trees help keep the air clean. Water pollution is the other one of them. Water is so __________ and important to us. If there is no clean water, there is no life in the future.
1.
danger
2.
Smoke
3.
makes
4.
down
5.
useful
_________ pollution is the other one of them. People use too __________ plastic （塑料制品）. Our earth is hot, too. The climate（气候）is going to get warmer and warmer even in winter in the future. What can we do to __________ the earth? I'm going to make some kinds of __________ to get __________ people to think about the world around us. How about you?
6.
White
7.
much
8.
save
9.
posters
10.
more
was, stayed, visit, had, drank, and, island, blue, I, rode
（七）
Hainan is an __________ in the south of China. It is famous for the __________ sea and the beautiful beach. Last summer, my parents and __________ went there on holiday. We __________ in the hotel in Sanya. Our stay __________ two weeks. During our holiday, we __________ lots of fun. My mum swam in the sea, my dad __________ the motorboat（摩托艇） with me.
1.
island
2.
blue
3.
I
4.
stayed
5.
was
6.
had
7.
rode
We also __________ the coconut juice （椰汁）, and had different kinds of seafood （海鲜）. The island was wonderful _________ the people there were really friendly. We enjoyed the holiday very much. I am going to __________ the island again next summer holiday.
8.
drank
9.
and
10.
visit
my, many, woman, out, may, but, bag, next to, seat, old
（八）
It's Sunday. There are __________ people on the bus. And an _______ man is looking here and there. He wants to find a __________. Then he finds one. He goes to it. A small __________ is on the seat. And a young man is __________ it.
“Excuse me, __________ I have this seat?” asks the old man. “Sorry, it's for a __________. She goes to buy some bananas.” says the young man. “Well, ” says the old man. “Let me sit here, please. When she comes back, I will leave （离开） here.”
1.
many
2.
old
3.
seat
4.
bag
5.
next to
6.
may
7.
woman
The bus starts. “She doesn't come, __________ her bag is here. Let me give her the bag.” The old man wants to throw the bag __________ of the window. “Don't throw! It's __________ bag.” The young man jumps and shouts（大喊）.
8.
but
9.
out
10.
my