unit3 inventors and inventions warming up and reading

(共45张PPT)
paper-making
printing
compass
gunpowder
What are they famous for
Newton
gravity
discovered
Benjamin Franklin
electricity.
discovered
radium
Madame Curie
discovered
Zhang Heng
the seismograph
地动仪
invented
1. _____ is called “Father of Car”.
A. Rudolf Diesel
B. Karl Benz
C. Thomas Edison
2. ___ is called “ Father of Dynamite （炸药）”. A. Alfred Nobel B. Albert Einstein C. Alexander Bell
3. ____ invented the first airplane.
A. Wright Brothers
B. Henry Ford
C. Benjamin Franklin
which pictures below show inventions and which show discoveries
An amphibious
car
Stephenson’s
“Rocket”
DNA
An invention is ____________________
_________________.
A discovery is ___________________________
______________________________________.
existing in nature but not yet known
finding out something already
not existing before
creating something
What’s the connection between discovery and invention
Discoveries often lead to inventions.
Work out two rules:
The heel of these shoes is a machine that makes electricity with every step you take. You will never need to buy batteries again.
Electric shoes
You will never have to worry about having your bike stolen again. If you use our inflatable bike, you can simply let the air out and put your bike in a bag.
Inflatable bicycle
Never throw away or wash chopsticks again. These chopsticks are both delicious and environmentally friendly. Save trees and have a snack at the same time –they come in five different flavours.
Edible chopsticks
stages every inventor must go through:
Applying for a patent
Finding a problem
Doing research
Testing the solution
Thinking of a creative solution
Deciding on the invention
1.___________________________
2.___________________________
3.___________________________
4.___________________________
5.___________________________
6.___________________________
Pre-reading:
What if some snakes in your yard…
What should the writer do
Skim the whole passage and get the main idea:
Reading for main idea
The text narrates the problem of the snakes and presents the procedures of catching them and applying for a patent.
Divide the text into four parts and work out the main idea for each paragraph according to order.
Part I
Part II
Part III
Part IV
(Para.1)
The discovery of the problem of the snakes.
(Paras.2-3)
The research on the approaches to solve the problem.
(Paras.4-6)
The attempts to catch the snakes.
(Paras.7-8)
The requirement of getting a patent.
Reading for organization
What was the mother upset about
2.Why was the writer happy to help her mother
Reading for details
The mother was upset because a family of snakes has made their home near the house
The writer was happy because it gave her an opportunity to help her mother and invent something to catch the snakes without hurting them at the same time.
Para 1:Problem
1.What instruments were used for catching the snakes
2.What are the three creative steps that the writer takes to catch the snakes without hurting them
a bowl, ice-cubes, a bucket, a small net.
Paras 4-6:Testing solution
(1)To put the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat in the morning.
(2)To put the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat in the evening.
(3)To put the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat in the evening and carry a net to collect the snakes without harming them the next morning.
3. Can you find out some key verb phrases to describe the final solution
Firstly,
Secondly,
Finally,
After 2 hours,
The next day,
freeze the bowl for 24 hours.
place it over the snakes’ habitat with some ice-cubes on its top.
cover the whole thing with a large bucket.
remove the bucket and the bowl;
collect the snakes with a net.
release them into the wild.
3. The biggest advantage of the writer's new idea is that_________.
A. it makes the snakes move slowly
B. it makes the snakes hardly bite us
C. it is easier for us to kill the snakes without hurting ourselves
D. it is easier for us to catch the snakes without killing them
Patent office (专利局) plays the role of deciding what is an invention and what is not. And only inventions can get patens and so be recognized and protected.
patents
1.What are the requirements of getting a patent
2.According to the requirements, which of the following do you think can be given a patent
Finish Ex4 on Page22
The new ideas must be truly novel.
Your invention mustn’t be a discovery, …
Your product must be different from others’.
Your claim must be valid.
Paras 7-8:Applying for patent
1、How did the writer catch the snakes ( )
A. using something the snakes were interested to attract them into a trap.
B. taking their habitat to another place.
C. placing the snakes at a low temperature for them to sleep and then caught them.
D. All the above.
C
Reading comprehension
2.The writer was successful to catch the snakes in ________ attempt.
the first B. the second
C. the third D. every
C
3. The following are used in the three attempts EXCEPT _____.
A. perfume B. a bowl
C. jelly D. ice-cubes
A
4. Why did cooling the snakes make them less active ( )
Because snakes are warm-blooded
animals.
B. Because snakes like high temperature.
C. Because snakes are reptiles and their
body temperature depends on the heat
around them.
C
5. Which of the following may get a patent according to the text
A. A computer programme. B. A new animal variety. C. A work of literature. D. A truly novel and useful invention.
D
6. The purpose in writing this text is _____
A. to show us how to trap the snakes but not to kill them
B. to tell people how to apply for a patent of the writer's new idea
C. to introduce the writer's new idea of trapping the snakes and her application for a patent
D. to tell the readers how to get a new idea and make it a patent
7. Which statement is true according to the text
A. The snakes were so sleepy in the second attempt that they couldn't bite the writer at all.
B. Your product must be different from everybody else's if you want to receive a patent.
C. The writer decided to send her invention to the patent office the moment she succeeded in catching the snakes.
D. If an application for your product proves to be valid, you can get a patent immediately.
Snakes came near my mother’s house ____ ____ _____, which u____ my mother much, and she wanted me to ____ ____ ___them. So I ___ _____ researching the _____ of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them. I thought of three possible a__________. Firstly, removing their h________; secondly, attracting them into a _____（陷阱); and thirdly cooling them so that they would become s_______ and could be easily caught. I made up my mind to use the third one. I tried three times and the third _______ was finally successful. ________by my friends and relations, I decided to _____ the opportunity, hoping to get a ________ with my invention.
get
about
habits
set
approaches
attempt
Pressed
patent
rid
of
pset
now
and
then
seize
abitat
leepy
trap
Consolidation
Discuss in pairs what the advantages might be of getting a patent.
Advantages:
You are recognized as a real inventor.
You can make money if you sell your invention to others.
You will become famous.
You are able to prove that you were the first person to make the invention.
Discussion
So only inventions can get patens and they can be recognized and protected.
(1) 经历
Most families went through a lot in the war.
(2) 通过, 成功, 成交
The plan did not go through.
(3) 审阅, 检查
I can’t go though the letters in an hour.
1. Do you know the stages every inventor must go through before they can have their invention approved
(4) 翻找, 查看
Mother went through the drawer for her glasses.
(5) 穿过, 通过
A terrible noise went through the house.
1.The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.
我做的头一件事是看是否有可以帮助我的产品，然而似乎只有用于毒杀蛇的药粉。
2. I set about researching the habits of snakes so I could trap them in the easiest way.
3. Prepared with some research findings, I decided on three possible approaches.
经过一番研究准备之后，我决定采用三种可能的办法。
4. Between the outside and inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes hard when cooled.
在碗的内壁和外壁之间有些胶状物，冷却后会冻结。
5. But once picked up, they tried to bite me.
但是一把他们提起来，它们就要咬我。
6. But monitored carefully, the snakes proved to be no trouble.
但是经过仔细的监视，证明这些蛇不会惹麻烦，一切都按计划进行着。
7. Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.
由于朋友的敦促，我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我的这次成功的思路给予肯定。
12.The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.（评定）专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。
10. This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again. 这是因为我预料蛇还会再咬人。
8. But there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.
9. The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish.
11. Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.
只有你得到这种承认，你才可以说是一个真正的发明家。
13. Nor will you receive a patent until a search has made to find out that your product really is different from everybody else’s.
你的产品要经过仔细调查, 证明它确实与众不同, 你才能获得专利。
14.There are a large number of patent examiners, too, whose only job is to examine whether your claim is valid or not.
专利局还有一大批审查人员，他们的唯一职责就是审查你的专利申请是否有效。
15. So I have filled in the form and filed my patent application with the Patent Office.
于是，我填了表，向专利局提交了申请书。
Today is the deadline for you to file the document.
16. You’ll know if I succeed by the size of my bank balance.
将来你看看我的银行结余金额就知道我是否成功了。
17．Now it’s a matter of waiting and hoping.
现在就是等待和期盼了。
Translation
Quiz I
I placed ______________ (冰冻的碗)
over the snakes’ habitat.
2. I carried in my hand a small net _____
_______________ (用来捕鱼的).
3. _______________________________
(由于朋友和亲戚的敦促), I decided to
seize the opportunity.
the frozen bowl
for catching fish
used
Pressed by my friends and relations