仁爱版英语九年级上Units 1-4单元话题知识点精编

仁爱英语单元话题知识点精编
(九年级上)
Unit
1
Topic
1
Section
A
1a
1/
Where
have
you
been,
Jane?
2/
She
has
gone
to
Cuba
to
be
a
volunteer…
have
been
to意为“去过某地”；have
gone
to
意为“去了某地”
例如:
She
has
been
to
Hawaii.
她去过夏威夷。
He
has
gone
to
the
supermarket,
and
he
will
be
back
soon.
他去超市了，很快就会回来。
He
has
been
in
the
army
for
2
years.
他参军两年了。
3/
Listen!
There
goes
the
bell.
听，（上课的）铃声响了！
2a
Hi,
Maria,
long
time
no
see.
long
time
no
see
好久不见！
Section
B
1a
You
took
part
in
some
volunteer
activities
during
the
summer
holidays,
didn’t
you?
反义疑问句，又叫做附加疑问句。要注意反义疑问句前后句间的三个关系：人称保持一致，前后时态一致，前后语气要相反。尤其是这种问句在回答过程中具有“口是心非”的特殊性。
例如:
A:
It’s
a
nice
day,
isn’t
it?
天气真不错，不是吗？
B:
Yes,
it
is.
是的，真不错。
A:
Ann
didn’t
use
to
live
here,
did
she?
安过去不住在这儿，是吗？
B:
No,
she
didn’t.
是的，不住这儿。
Section
C
1a
1/
Look
at
the
picture
of
Beijing
in
the
past
and
at
present.
in
the
past
在过去
at
present目前、现在;
时下;
现下;
此时
2/
in
the
1960s
=
in
the
1960’s
在二十世纪六十年代
3/
Big
families
were
crowded
into
small
houses.
be
crowded
into
挤进…里；挤在…里
4/
Few
children
had
the
chance
to
receive
a
good
education.
receive
/
get
a
good
education
接受良好的教育
5/
People
kept
in
touch
with
their
friends
and
relatives
far
away…
keep
in
touch
with与…保持联系；get
in
touch
with与…取得联系;
lose
touch
with同…失去联系
6/
Beijing
has
made
rapid
progress
and
it
has
already
succeeded
in
hosting
the
2008
Olympic
Games.
a.
make
progress
(in)
(在…)取得进步
例如:
They
are
making
progress
in
dealing
with
problems
they
face
in
their
development.
他们在处理成长过程中面临的各种问题方面正在取得进步。
b.
succeed
in在…获得成功
例如:
She
succeeded
in
swimming
across
the
river.
她成功游过了那条河。
Section
D
1a
1/
Leisure
activities
play
an
important
part
in
people’s
lives.
play
a
part
in
=
play
a
role
in
在…扮演…角色；在…起到…作用
例如:
Deng
Xiaoping
played
an
important
part
in
China’s
reform
and
opening-up.
邓小平在中国的改革开放中起着重要的作用。
2/
Watching
operas
and
listening
to
the
radio
were
the
main
activities
in
their
spare
time.
in
one’s
spare
/
free
time
在闲暇的时候
3/
In
recent
years,
more
and
more
people
love
to
travel
during
vacation.
in
recent
years
近些年来
Unit
1
Topic
2
Section
A
1a
1/
I
have
just
called
you,
but
you
weren’t
in.
be
in
=
at
home
2/
So
do
I.
So
do
I.
是倒装句，表示前面提及到的肯定情况也适合另外的人或事物，基本机构为：So
+
动词
+
主语,意为“…也…”；如果上文提及到的否定情况也适合另外的人或事物，基本机构为：Neither
/
nor
+
动词
+
主语,意为“…也不…”
例如:
A:
They
can
swim
well.
B:
So
can
we.
A:
I
don’t
like
the
weather
here.
B:
Neither
/
nor
does
she.
Section
B
1a
1/
Kangkang
is
reading
a
report
on
population
in
the
newspaper.
on
=
about
意为“有关于…”
2/
What’s
the
population
of
the
USA?
population
意为“人口”，可数名词，常用large
/
big
/
small等来修饰，针对人口数量提问时要使用what，注意以下几个句子的结构。
The
population
of
China
is
very
large.
中国人口众多。
A:
What’s
the
population
of
China?
(=How
many
people
are
there
in
China?)
B:
It
is
1.3
billion.
A:中国有多少人？
B:有十三亿。
China
has
a
population
of
1.3
billion.
(There
are
1.3
billion
people
in
China.)
中国有十三亿人。
3/
It
shows
that
the
population
in
developing
countries
is
larger
than
that
in
developed
countries,
doesn’t
it?
developed此处为形容词，意为“发达的”；developing此处为形容词，意为“发展中的”。
例如:
China
is
a
developing
country,
and
Japan
is
a
developed
one.
4/
So
it
is.
意为“确实这样”,属于不完全倒装句，用于对上文内容进行肯定，基本结构为：So
+
主语
+
动词
例如:
A:
Maybe
your
hat
is
on
the
bed.
B:
Oh,
so
it
is.
A:
也许你的帽子在床上。
B:
哦，确实在床上。
A:
I
think
it
will
rain
soon.
B:
So
it
will.
A:
我认为快要下雨了。
B:
是快要下雨了。
A:
Perhaps
they
have
gone
to
Beijing
on
business.
B:
So
they
have.
A:
可能他们去北京出差了。
B:
的确如此。
Section
C
1a
1/
That’s
almost
half
of
the
world’s
population.
2/
China
has
the
largest
population
in
the
world,
and
about
one
fifth
of
the
people
in
the
world.
英语中分数次的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；先读分子后读分母；当分子大于1时，分母的序数词使用复数形式。
例如:one
third
two
fifths
a
/
one
half
three
and
a
/
one
half
one
quarter
/
one
fourth
three
fourths
/
three
quarters
注意比较分数词用作主语时谓语动词单复数的使用规律：
One
third
of
the
students
in
our
school
are
girls.
我们学校有三分之一的学生是女生。
Three
quarters
of
the
playground
is
surrounded
by
trees.
操场四分之三为树木所环抱。
One
half
of
the
oil
was
eaten
up
by
the
little
mouse.
一半的油被这只小老鼠吃掉了。
3/
So
far,
our
government
has
taken
many
measures
to
control
the
population.
take
measures
(to
do)
采取措施…
4/
One
is
known
as
the
one-child
policy.
有一项措施被称作独生子女政策。
be
known
as
是固定短语，意为“已知的，知名的；被称作，称作，叫做；作为…而出名”。
例如:
The
village
is
known
as
Garden
Mill.
该村就是为人所熟知的米尔花园。
Liu
Huan
is
known
as
a
singer.
刘欢作为一个歌手而出名。
What
is
this
kind
of
chocolate
known
as
in
America?
这种巧克力在美国叫什么?
5/
It
has
worked
well
in
controlling
China’s
population.
work
well
in
意为“起作用，功效不错，效果很好”
例如:
This
rule
worked
very
well
in
reducing
the
accidents
on
the
roads.
这项规章在减少道路事故方面效果很好。
2
It
has
reached
20
percent
of
the
world’s
population.
20
percent
百分之二十，注意百分数用作主语时谓语动词单复数的使用规律：
90
%
of
the
students
in
our
school
don’t
like
school
uniforms.
我们学校有百分之九十的学生不喜欢校服。
70
%
of
the
apple
has
gone
bad.
这个苹果百分之七十坏了。
30
%
of
the
water
in
the
glass
looks
clear.
杯中的水30%看上去很清澈。
Section
D
1
1/
The
small
town
is
surrounded
by
trees.
be
surrounded
by
被…所环抱
例如:
Our
city
is
surrounded
by
mountains.
那座城市四面环山。
2/
They
are
careful
with
garbage
and
…
be
careful
with
注意，小心，当心
例如:
Be
careful
with
the
traffic
in
the
street!
要当心街上的车辆啊！
Unit
1
Topic
3
Section
A
1a
1/
You
have
been
in
New
York
for
a
long
time.
你在纽约已经很长时间了。
have
been
in
表示到目前为止状态的持续
例如:He
has
been
in
this
company
for
three
years.
(√)
He
has
come
to
this
company
for
three
years.
(×)
注意比较：have
been
in
/
have
been
to
/
have
gone
to
2/
You
will
get
used
to
it
very
soon
if
you
come.
get
used
to
=
be
used
to
习惯于…
to为介词；used
to
do
过去常常…
例如:
We
used
to
get
up
at
8:00,
now
we
get
used
to
getting
up
at
6:00.
我们过去常常八点起床，现在习惯了六点起床。
3/
As
a
matter
of
fact,
it’s
a
wonderful
place
to
live.
实际上，这是个居住的好地方。
as
a
matter
of
fact
插入语，意为“实际上，事实上”
to
live此处用作定语，修饰place；当动词不定式作定语时，通常与被修饰词之间存在动宾关系，如果该不定式是不及物动词，要加上必要的介词；当动词不定式修饰的名词是place时，不定式后面通常不加介词。
例如:
I
have
no
friends
to
talk
with.
我没有可以交谈的朋友。
Could
you
please
give
me
a
chair
to
sit
on?
你能给我一个可坐的椅子吗？
It
was
too
late
to
find
a
place
to
live.
时间太晚了很难找个住的地方。
Section
B
1a
1/
Since
it
started,
it
has
helped
hundreds
of
people
returned
to
work
and
live
a
normal
life.
return
to
work
重新工作；live…a
life
过上….的生活
2/
Once
they
find
people
in
need,
they
decide
on
suitable
ways
to
offer
them
help.
他们一旦发现有人身处困境，就会选定适当的方式来帮助他们。
once
连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦…就…”。
例如:
Once
you
are
in
America,
you
will
know
how
developed
the
country
is.
一旦你身处美国，就会知道这个国家是多么发达。
in
need
意为“在困难时；在贫困中”
例如:
A?friend?in
need
is?a?friend?indeed.
患难朋友才是真朋友。
We
are
raising
money
for
children
in
need.
我们正在为贫困儿童筹钱。
1b
The
program
helps
the
homeless
people
in
many
ways.
in
a…way
意为“用…方式(方法)”
例如:
Could
you
work
out
the
math
problem
in
another
way?
你能用另外一种方法算出这道数学题吗？
2
Many
people
got
in
trouble
and
some
even
lost
their
homes.
get
in
trouble
意为“遇到麻烦、身处困境”
例如:
We
will
get
in
trouble
when
Mr.
Elliot
returns.
如果艾利奥特先生回来我们就麻烦了。
Section
C
1a
1/
Sometimes
people
are
homeless
because
they
have
a
problem
with
drugs
or
because…
have
a
problem
with
有…方面的问题
例如:
Many
cities
in
China
have
a
problem
with
smog.
中国很多城市存在雾霾问题。
2/
No
one
is
ever
homeless
on
purpose.
on
purpose
故意地、特地
例如:
I
know
you
didn’t
break
the
vase
on
purpose.
我知道你不是故意打碎那个花瓶的。
3/
Whatever
the
cause
of
homelessness
is,…
whatever
无论什么
whenever
无论何时
wherever
无论哪里
however
无论怎样、然而、但是
例如:
Don’t
believe
him
whatever
he
says.
=
No
matter
what
he
says,
don’t
believe
him.
无论他说什么都别相信。
Wherever
I
am,
I
will
be
proud
of
my
motherland.
无论我身在何地，都会为祖国而骄傲。
You
can
phone
the
doctor.
However,
I
wonder
whether
he
will
come
out
on
a
Saturday
night.
你可以给医生打电话。不过，我怀疑他是否会在周六晚上出诊。
4/
We
must
think
of
the
homeless
as
people,
not
just
as
problems.
我们必须关心无家可归的人，
儿不仅仅是将无家可归视为（社会）问题。
think
of…as…意为“把…视为…；把…看成是…”
例如:
I
think
of
this
place
as
my
home.
我把这个地方当成家。
Many
people?always?think?of?him?as?a?thief.
很多人都将他当贼看。
Section
D
1a
1/
By
2012,
Project
Hope
had
raised
8.73
billion
yuan.
截止到2012年，希望工程筹集的资金已有87.3亿元。
by意为“截止到…为止”
此句使用了过去完成时态，过去完成时由had+过去分词构成，表示在过去某个动作或某个时间点之前已经发生的动作。
例如:
The
plane
had
already
taken
off
when
we
got
to
the
airport.
当我们到机场时飞机已经起飞了。
They
had
made
10,000
yuan
by
the
end
of
last
month.
截止到上个月底他们挣了一万元。
2/
Project
Hope
has
made
important
contributions
to
both…
make
a
contribution
to
意为“为…做贡献”，to为介词，注意to后宾语的特点。
例如:
We
must
make
a
contribution
to
protecting
the
environment.
我们必须为保护环境做贡献。
Everyone
should
make
a
contribution
to
the
society.
人人都该为社会做贡献。
Unit
2
Topic
1
Section
A
1a
What
a
shame!
Look!
There
are
several
chemical
factories
pouring
waste
water
into
the
stream.
What
a
shame!真遗憾啊！多可惜啊！
There
be
…
doing
有…正在做…
例如:
There
is
an
old
man
crossing
the
road,
let’s
go
to
help
him.
有位老人在过马路，我们去帮帮他吧。
There
are
three
girls
dancing
under
the
tree.
树下有三个女孩在跳舞。
Section
B
1a
1/
I’ve
got
a
pain
in
my
throat.
我喉咙（嗓子）疼。
have
got
=
have
2/
How
long
have
you
been
like
this?
I’ve
been
like
this
since
last
week.
be
like
this属于系表结构，指状态上“像这个样子”，与表示一段时间的短语（这里指how
long）连用在现在完成时态中。
例如:
It
has
been
very
foggy
for
about
one
week.
天雾蒙蒙的大约一周了。
The
film
has
been
on
for
10
minutes.
电影演了十分钟。
3/
By
the
way,
have
you
noticed
the
dead
fish
in
the
river?
注意以下几个单词的比较
die
(动)
死亡
My
pet
dog
died
five
moths
ago.
dead
(形)
死去的
My
dog
has
been
dead
for
5
months.
death
(名)
死亡
We
were
very
surprised
at
his
death.
dying
(形)
垂死的，垂危的
There
is
a
dying
cat
under
the
tree.
2
I
think
people
should
care
for
these
problems
and
I
hope…
care
for
关心、关注
Section
C
1a
1/
However,
not
all
people
know
noise
is
also
a
kind
of
pollution
and
is
harmful
to
human’s
health.
并非所有人都知道噪音也是一种污染，而且也会对人的健康造成危害。
Not
all…表示不完全否定（即部分否定），意为“并非所有的都…”，not与both,
all,
every以及every的派生词连用表示部分否定。
例如:
Not
everybody
likes
watching
TV.
并非人人喜欢看电视。
Not
all
the
students
are
going
to
the
exhibition.
不是所有学生都去看展览。
neither,
none,
nothing,
nobody,
no
one表示完全否定。
例如:
Neither
of
the
students
likes
reading.
这两个学生都不喜欢读书。
I
think
nothing
is
difficult
for
me.
我觉得对我来说一切都不难。
be
harmful
to
=
do
harm
to
有害于…
例如:
Fruit
juice
can
do
harm
to
children’s
teeth.
果汁对儿童的牙齿有害。
Noise
pollution
can
be
harmful
to
people’s
hearing.
噪音污染有害于人的听力。
2/
People
who
work
and
live
in
noisy
conditions
often
go
deaf.
在喧嚣环境中工作和生活的人常常耳聋。
go
deaf
变聋
go?+
形容词一般表示由好?二变得…
例如:
go
+
blind(盲的)
/
mad(疯狂的)
/
bad(坏的，变质的)
/
pale(苍白的)
/
red(脸红的)
3/
It
was
reported
that
many
teenagers
in
America
can
hear
no
better
than
65-year-old
people
do…
“It
is
reported
that
+
句子”意为“据报道…”
例如:
It
is?reported?that?300
million
people
in
China
have
eyesight
trouble.
据报道在中国有三亿人有视力问题。
no
better
than意为“同…（几乎）一样；和…（几乎）一样坏”
例如:
The
path
is
no
better
than
a
sheep
track.
那条路简直就是一条羊肠小道。
His
English
is
no
better
than
mine.?他的英语同我的英语一样不好(同样差)?。
Unit
2
Topic
2
Section
A
1a
1/
As
a
result,
a
lot
of
rich
land
has
changed
into
desert.
change
into
变成…
例如:
The
ugly
caterpillar
will
change
into
a
beautiful
butterfly.
(?http:?/??/?dict.cn?/?The%20ugly%20caterpillar%20will%20change%20into%20a%20beautiful%20butterfly_2E?)
丑陋的毛虫会变成美丽的蝴蝶。
2/
They
can
also
stop
the
water
from
washing
the
earth
away.
stop…from
doing
意为“阻止…做某事”
例如:
What
stopped
you
from
getting
here
on
time?
什么事情让你没能准时到这儿？
wash
away
意为“冲走”
例如:
Our
house
was?washed
away?in
the
flood.
我们的房屋在洪水中被冲走了。
4
Some
animals
are
in
danger
of
dying
out
completely.
die
out绝迹，消失;
绝种;
绝灭
Section
B
1a
1/
None
of
us
likes
pollution.
none
意为三个或三个以上“全都不、一个也不，没有一个”，本身表示否定语气，是all的反义词。注意none用作主语时谓语动词的使用特点。
All
of
the
students
are
working
in
the
field.
所有的学生都在田里干活呢。
All
of
the
students
are
not
working
in
the
field.
(×)
所有的学生都没有在田里干活。→
None
of
the
students
are
working
in
the
field.
或者：None
of
the
students
is
working
in
the
field.
没有一个学生在田里干活。
None?of?you?could?lift?it.?你们中没有人可举起它。
None?of?us?knows?/?know?him.
我们都不认识他。/我们当中没有一个人认识他。?
附:
none
&
no
one
none
既可以指代人也可以指代物，而no
one只能指代人，用于表示“没有人”“没有一个人”，“谁也不”，不与of连用，作主语时谓语动词用单数?;none还可以用于回答how
many，表示数量“一个没有”。
No?one?likes?the?book.?没有人喜欢这本书。
No?one?knows?how?to?do?it.?没有人知道怎样做那件事。?
—How?many?birds?are?there?in?the?tree???树上有多少只鸟？?
—None.?一只都没有。?
—Who?is?in?the?classroom??谁在教室里？?
—No?one.?谁都不在（一个人也没有）。
2
1/
Worst
of
all,
some
of
them
are
quite
rude…
worst
of
all
最糟糕的是
2/
Perhaps
it
will
be
hard
for
us
to
obey
the
rules
in
the
beginning.
in
the
beginning
起初、一开始
Section
C
1a
Too
much
harmful
radiation
from
the
sun
passes
through
the
hole
and
reaches
the
earth
directly.
through
介词
“透过，穿过”，试比较through
/
over
/
past
/
across
Go
across
the
bridge
and
you
will
find
the
little
shop.
He
was
looking
at
us
through
the
window.
He
jumped
over
the
fence
and
ran
away.
He
walked
past
me
without
saying
anything.
Section
D
1a
1/
But
people’s
need
for
water
is
increasing
day
by
day.
day
by
day
日益；日趋；日渐；一天天地
例如:
Her
health
was
improving
day
by
day.
她的健康状况在一天天好转。
2/
While
nearly
3/4
of
the
earth
is
covered
with
water,
we
are
still
short
of
drinking
water.
be
short
of
缺少、短缺
例如:
We
should
plant
more
trees.
but
we
are
short
of
money.
我们应多种树，可是我们缺少资金。
Unit
2
Topic
3
Section
A
1a
1/
We
encourage
students
to
collect
waste
paper
and
soft
drink
cans.
Then
we
sort
them
so
that
they
…
encourage
…
to
do
鼓励…做某事
例如:
Our
head
teacher
encourages
us
to
plant
more
trees.
我们班主任鼓励我们多种树。
sort
此处为动词，意为“将…分类”,
sort
还具有名词词性，意为“种类”,
all
sorts
of
=
all
kinds
of
各种各样的。
例如:
You
can
see
all
sorts
of
flowers
in
this
market.
在这家市场你能见到各种各样的花。
2
Work
hard,
or
you
will
fail
the
exam.
/
Hurry
up,
or
you
will
miss
the
bus.
hurry
up
“快点，抓紧时间”，用于催促别人。
例如:
Hurry
up,
it’s
your
turn
to
give
the
speech.
快点，该你演讲了。
hurry
off
表示“匆忙离去”；in
a
hurry
表示“急匆匆地”
例如:
He
hurried
off
to
the
train
station.
他匆忙离开去了火车站。
Eric
left
the
party
in
a
hurry.
埃里克急匆匆地离开派对。
Section
B
1a
1/
First,
you
ought
to
shut
off
the
electricity
when
you
leave
a
room.
shut
off
意为“断掉，切断；关掉”
ought
to
意为“应该,理应”，构成ought
to
do
sth.
例如:
I
think
you
ought
to
do
some
housework
at
home.
我觉得你在家应该干些家务活。
You
ought
not
to
be
angry
with
your
parents.
你不该生父母的气。
2/
Easier
said
than
done.
完整句子It’s
Easier
said
than
done.
意为“说起来容易做起来难”。
3/
Actions
speak
louder
than
words.
行动比语言更响亮；行胜于言；行动胜于空话；说得好不如做得好
Section
C
1a
The
train
can
reach
a
top
speed
of
431
km
per
hour.
top
意为“最高的；最大的”,
top
speed意为“极速，最高速”
per
hour
每小时
例如:
The
new
ten-speed
bicycle
can
go
at
80
km
per
hour.
这种新款十速自行车能够达到时速80公里。
(?javascript:;"
\o
"机器发音?)
2a
They
will
never
run
out
so
they
are
called
…
run
out
(of)意为“用光，耗尽”
例如:
We
have
run
out
of
all
the
food
and
water.
我们已经消耗掉了所有的食物和水。
Unit
3
Topic
1
Section
A
1a
1/
You
can
stick
it
on
the
wall.
stick
名词意为“木棍”，此处为动词，意为“粘贴住”
例如:
He
stuck
a
map
of
the
world
on
the
wall.
他将一张世界地图贴到墙上。
2/
Yes,
of
course.
I
can’t
wait
to
fly
there.
can’t
wait
to
do
意为“迫不及待做…”
例如:
He
couldn’t
wait
to
open
the
box
under
the
Christmas
tree.
他迫不及待地打开圣诞树下的盒子。
3/
English
is
spoken
as
the
main
language
in
America.
as
此处为介词，意为“作为”
例如:
As
a
student,
you
should
hand
in
your
homework
on
time.
作为学生你应该按时上交作业。
3
1/
Walt
Disney
was
a
great
film-maker
as
well
as
an
artist.
as
well
as
意为“也”,
“不但…而且…”
例如:
George,
as
well
as
his
brother,
has
gone
abroad.
乔治出国了，他弟弟也出国了。
The
child
is
lively
as
well
as
healthy.
这孩子既活泼又健康。
They
have
invited
you
as
well
as
me.
他们邀请了你，也邀请了我。
He
has
got
a
car
as
well
as
a
motorbike.
他有辆汽车还有辆摩托车。
I
will
be
free
on
Monday
as
well
as
on
Friday.
周一周五我都有空。
2/
At
last,
he
was
pleased
with
one
of
his
pictures
of
the
mouse.
be
pleased
with
=
be
satisfied
with
意为“对…感觉满意”
例如:
Are
you
pleased
with
my
speech?
你对我的演讲满意吗？
Section
B
1a
1/
I’m
going
to
Cuba
on
business
tonight.
on
business
意为“出差”
2/
Is
Spanish
similar
to
English?
be
similar
to
意为“与…相似”
例如:
This
game
is
similar
to?Starcraft
in
some
ways.
这款游戏在某些方面与星际争霸相似。
3/
Is
it
possible
for
you
to
have
trouble
communicating?
have
trouble
(in)
doing
意为“做某事有困难”
例如:
We
had
much
trouble
find
your
home.
我们好不容易才找到你家。
4/
I
don’t
think
I
will
have
any
long
conversations
in
Spanish.
当宾语从句的主句谓语动词是think,
believe,
suppose,
guess,
consider,
expect,
imagine,
feel,
seem等时，存在后句否定词前移的现象。
例如:
I
don’t
believe
he
treated
the
child
like
that.
我相信他不会那样对待那孩子。
It
doesn’t
seem
that
he
knows
the
way.
似乎他不认识路。
5/
Will
the
interpreter
explain
to
you
the
culture
of
the
country?
explain
to意为“向…解释/说明”
例如:
He
explained
the
importance
of
planting
trees
to
us.
他向我们解释了植树的重要性。
4
divide
into
意为“划分成…，分割成…”
例如:
Divide
the
cake
into
quarters
and
share
it.
把蛋糕分成四份然后享用吧。
Section
C
1a
1/
Recent
surveys
show
that
more
than
500
million
people
speak
English
as
their
mother
tongue.
mother
tongue
意为“母语”
2/
It
is
clear
that…
It
is
clear
that
+
句子
意为“显而易见”
例如:
It
is?clear?that?our
school?is?the
best
in
the
city.
很明显,我们学校是全市最好的学校。
2
The
English
language
plays
an
important
part
in
our
lives.
play
a
part
in
…
意为“在...中起作用；在...扮演角色”
例如:
Deng
Xiaoping
played
an
important
part
in
China’s
reform
and
opening-up.
邓小平在中国的改革开放中起着重要的作用。
Section
D
1a
1/
The
American
computer
and
Internet
industry
have
taken
the
leading
position
in
the
world.
take
the
leading
position
居领先地位
2/
and
the
study
of
English
is
regarded
as
a
very
important…
regard
…as
…意为“将…视为…”
例如:
We
regard
him
as
a
real
friend
of
ours.
我们将他视为我们真正的朋友。
Unit
3
Topic
2
Section
A
1a
1/
Michael
and
Kangkang
are
going
to
see
them
off.
Now
they
are
on
their
way
to
the
airport.
see…off
给…送行
on
one’s
way
to
在去往…的途中/路上
与way相关短语，比如：
on
the
way
to
在去往…路上;
in
…way
用…方式/方法;
in
some
ways在某些方面
例如:
We
often
see
him
on
the
way
to
school.
我们经常在上学途中见到他。
Can
you
answer
my
question
in
another
new
way?
你能用另外一种新方法回答我的问题吗？
They
look
the
same
in
some
ways.
在某些方面他们看上去一样。
2/
I
can’t
believe
that
I’m
flying
to
Disneyland.
I’m
flying
to
Disneyland.
此处利用现在进行时态表达将来，意为“我要飞往迪士尼乐园了。”
英语中经常使用come,
go,
leave等词语的现在进行时态表达将来
例如:
My
uncle
is
meeting
us
tomorrow.
我叔叔明天会去接我们。
He
is
leaving
in
an
hour.
他一小时后就要走了。
3/
The
stranger
is
asking
for
a
ride.
注意比较：Excuse
me
,
could
you
please
give
me
a
ride
to
the
airport?
ask
for
a
ride
意为“请求搭车”；give
…
a
ride
意为“让…搭车”
例如:
What
should
I
do
if
a
stranger
asks
me
for
a
ride?
如果陌生人要搭车我该怎么办？
4/
I
hope
I
won’t
have
much
difficulty
in
communication.
have
difficulty/trouble
(in)
意为“在某方面有困难”或“做某事有困难”。
例如:
I
have
much
difficulty
in
English
pronunciation.
我在英语发音方面困难不小。
We
had
no
trouble
finding
the
computer
training
center.
我们不费力就找到了电脑培训中心。
5/
Whenever
you
need
help,
send
me
an
e-mail
or
call
me.
whenever
=
no
matter
when
意为“无论何时”
类似表达有whatever
=
no
matter
what
wherever
=
no
matter
where
however
=
no
matter
how
例如:
Don’t
give
up
whenever
you
fail
in
an
exam.
不管何时考试不及格都不要放弃。
I
will
take
pride
in
my
motherland
no
matter
where
(=wherever)
I
am.
无论身在何地，我都为祖国骄傲。
Section
B
1a
1/
I
think
that
is
known
as
body
language.
be
known
as
意为“所谓的”或“被称为，被叫做”
例如:
Our
government
has
taken
many
measures
to
control
the
population,
one
is
known
as
the
one-child
policy.
我们的政府采取了很多措施来控制人口，其中之一就是所谓的独生子女政策。
be
known
as
有时也被译作“作为…很出名”
例如:
Tom
Cruise
is
known
as
an
actor
as
well
as
a
film
maker.
作为演员兼电影制片人汤姆克鲁斯很出名。
2/
I
wonder
if
body
language
means
the
same
thing
in
all
cultures.
wonder
用作动词时，意为“惊奇；想知道；怀疑”,常用于引导宾语从句
例如:
We
wonder
how
he
did
that.
我们想知道是他是怎么做到的。
I
wonder
why
you
are
late
for
class
every
day.
我很好奇你为什么每天都上课迟到呢？
Section
C
1a
1/
But
in
western
countries,
dogs
are
considered
honest
and
good
friends
of
humans.
注意比较In
ancient
times,
dragons
were
regarded
as
strong
and
magical
creatures.
consider…(as)…
regard…as…
都意为“将…视为…”
例如:
Many
people
consider
dogs
(as)
their
close
friends.
=
Many
people
regard
dogs
as
their
close
friends.
很多人将狗视为亲密的朋友。
We
consider
him
(as)
a
genius.
→
He
is
considered
(as)
a
genius
by
us.
我们将他们看做天才。
We
regard
him
as
a
genius.
→
He
is
regarded
as
a
genius
by
us.
我们将他们看做天才。
2/
The
ancient
emperors
compared
themselves
to
dragons.
compare
…to
…将…比喻成…
compare
…with
…将…比作…
例如:
We
often
compare
our
country
to
a
big
family.
我们经常将国家比作大家庭。
He
compared
the
living
conditions
here
with
those
in
Shanghai.
他将这儿的生活条件同上海的生活条件作了比较。
Unit
3
Topic
3
Section
A
1a
1/
Could
make
yourself
understood
in
the
USA?
此处understood为过去分词，用作宾语yourself的补足语,整句意为“在美国别人懂你的意思吗？”（即：在美国你能否被他人理解？）
例如:
I
was
glad
to
see
the
old
man
well
taken
care
of
in
the
old
people’s
home.
我很高兴地看到这位老人在敬老院被照顾的不错。
You
must
get
your
article
finished
on
time.
你必须按时完成你的文章。
2/
Sometime
I
got
into
trouble.
get
into
trouble
意为“陷入困境，遇到麻烦”
3/
…but
I
dare
not
speak
English
in
public.
dare意为“敢于，敢”,
具有实意动词和情态动词两种用法，与need用法相似。
dare
to
do
(实意动词用法)；dare
do
(情态动词用法)
例如:
She
dares
to
go
out
alone
at
night.(=She
dare
go
out
alone
at
night.)
她敢一个人在夜里外出。
They
dare
to
swim
across
the
river.(=They
dare
swim
across
the
river.)
他们敢游过那条河。
注意否定句和疑问句句式的变化：
She
doesn’t
dare
to
go
out
alone
at
night.
Does
she
dare
to
go
out
alone
at
night?
She
dare
not
go
out
alone
at
night.
Dare
she
go
out
alone
at
night?
4/
And
I
always
feel
sleepy
in
English
classes.
注意比较：sleep(动词：睡觉，入睡；名词：睡眠)
sleepy(形容词：困倦的)
asleep(形容词：睡着的)
sleeping(形容词：供睡眠用的)
例如:
Jenny
was
full
of
power
after
a
long
sleep.
睡了长长的一觉后，詹妮感觉精力充沛。
I
don't
sleep
in
the
afternoons.
我在下午不睡觉。
Please
buy
me
two
tickets
on
the
sleeping
car
to
Paris.
请给我买两张去巴黎的卧铺车票。
My
four
year-old
daughter
was
asleep
on
the
sofa.
我四岁的女儿在沙发上睡着了。
She
was
still
tired
and
sleepy
when
we
woke
her.
我们叫醒她后，她还是又累又困的。
5/
At
times
I
feel
like
giving
up.
at
times
意为“有时”，等同于sometimes
3a
keep
a
diary
in
English
keep
a
diary记日记
Section
B
1a
1/
Could
you
give
us
some
advice
on
how
to
learn
English
well?
句中how
to
learn
English
well充当介词on的宾语
特殊疑问词
+
to
do结构可以充当很多句子成分
例如:
I
wonder
what
to
do
next.
我很好奇接下来做什么。（动词宾语）
My
biggest
problem
is
how
to
improve
my
English.
我最大的问题是如何提高英语水平。（表语）
When
to
start
will
be
discussed
at
the
meeting.
何时出发会在会议上讨论的。（主语）
2/
Think
about
your
answer,
take
a
deep
breath
and
smile.
take
a
deep
breath
深呼吸，深吸一口气
Section
C
1a
1/
I’m
very
glad
to
share
our
groups’
opinions
with
you.
share…with…意为“与…分享…”
例如:
I
share
the
big
room
with
my
friends.
我和我的朋友共用这个大房间。
2/
I
myself
prefer
watching
English
movies.
prefer
意为“更喜欢;
宁愿
”，过去式及过去分词同形为preferred，常用句型有：
A.
prefer…to…
意为“喜欢...而不喜欢...”，“喜欢...胜过...”，或“宁愿...而不愿...”，宾语为名词、代词或doing,其中to是介词，不是动词不定式符号。
例如:
He
prefers
English
to
Chinese.?比起语文他更喜欢英语。?
He
prefers
swimming
to
surfing.?同冲浪相比,他更喜欢游泳。?
B.
prefer
to
do…rather
than
(to)
do…意为“宁愿...而不...”
例如:
She
prefers
to
stay
at
home
rather
than
(to)go
with
us.?她宁愿呆在家里，也不愿和我们一起去。
3/
It’s
an
hour
to
talk
with
all
of
you
here.
It’s
an
hour
to
do…意为“很荣幸做某事”
例如:
It's
an
honor
to
have
this
chance
to
speak
here.
(?http:?/??/?dict.cn?/?It%27s%20an%20honor%20to%20have%20this%20chance%20to%20speak%20here_2E?)很荣幸有机会在这里发表讲话。
4/
…even
with
foreigners
as
often
as
possible.
as…as
possible意为“尽可能地…”，=as
…as
sb.
can
例如:
We
should
listen
to
the
teacher
as
carefully
as
possible.
(=We
should
listen
to
the
teacher
as
carefully
as
we
can.)
课堂上我们应该尽可能认真听老师讲课。
You
ought
to
get
to
school
as
early
as
possible.
(=You
ought
to
get
to
school
as
early
as
you
can.)
你应尽可能早点到校。
注意：each与every的比较。
A.
each为形容词和代词，作代词时可用each?of强调个别含义，指两个以上的事物中的一个。
例如:
There?are?shops?on?each?side?of?the?street.?(形容词)?
Each?of?the?students?has?a?dictionary.?(代词)?
B.
every为形容词，后不能接of…，用来指三个或三个以上的人或事物中的每一个.
例如:
Every?student?in?the?class?has?finished?his?/?their?homework.?全班每个学生都完成了家庭作业。?
Not?every?one?of?us?can?do?it.?我们并非人人都能做此事。?
(Not?every…表示部分否定，each无此用法)
5/
I’m
sure
that
you
will
make
great
progress
as
long
as
you
stick
to
them.
☆
stick
to意为“坚持，坚守”
例如:
He?always?sticks?to?his?promise.
他总是遵守诺言。
He
has
stuck
to
swimming
in
winter
all
these
years.
这些年他一直坚持冬泳。
☆
as
long
as意为“只要…”，用于引导条件状语从句。
例如:
I
don't
mind?as
long
as?it
doesn't
rain.
只要不下雨我就不在乎。
As
long
as?you
drive
carefully,
you
will
be
very
safe.
只要你开车小心，你就会很安全。
Unit
4
Topic
1
Section
A
1a
1/
What’s
it
made
of?
It’s
made
of
metal.
be
made
of
意为“用…制成”（从成品科看出原材料）；be
made
from
意思也是“用…制成”(从成品看不出原材料)
例如:
The
desk
is
made
of
wood.
这张桌子用木头做的。
The
paper
is
made
from
wood.
纸张是用木材做的。
注意比较以下短语的含义：
be
made
by
由…制造
Was
this
cake
made
by
your
mother?
这蛋糕是你妈妈做的吗？
be
made
in
在…制造
This
cellphone
is
made
in
America.
这部手机是美国制造的。
be
made
into
被制成…
Metal
can
be
made
into
all
kinds
of
things.
金属可制成各种物品。
2/
It’s
used
for
sending
satellites
or
spaceships
into
space.
注意比较以下短语的含义：
be
used
for
doing
(强调用途)被用来…
A
stamp
is
used
for
sending
a
letter.
邮票是用来寄信的。
be
used
to
do
(强调目的)被用来…
The
word
can
be
used
to
describe
my
feeling
now.
这词可用于描述我此刻的感受。
be
used
as
被当做…使用
The
desk
is
used
as
a
bed
in
my
room.
在我屋里那桌子被当床用。
be
used
by
被…使用
A
walking
stick
is
often
used
by
his
grandpa.
他爷爷经常使用手杖。
3/
I
wish
I
could
go
into
space
some
day.
wish后面的从句使用过去时态，是一种虚拟语气的用法，用以说明从句中的愿望实现可能性很小或不可能实现。
4/
I
hope
your
dream
will
come
true.
come
true和achieve都意为“实现”，注意比较用法:
I’m
sure
that
you
dream
will
come
true
in
the
future.
(不及物动词)
I’m
sure
that
you
can
achieve
your
dream.
(及物动词)
Section
B
1a
It’s
said
that
he
invented
more
than
two
thousand
things
during
his
life.
It’s
said
that…意为“据说…”
例如:
It’s
said
that
she
lived
to
be
over
100.
据说她活到一百多岁。
during
one’s
life(=in
one’s
life=all
one’s
life)
一生，一辈子
例如:
She
has
been
to
many
countries
during
her
life.
她这一生去过很多国家。
Section
C
1a
1/
Inventions
come
about
in
many
ways.
come
about
意为“发生、产生”
例如:
Can
you
tell
me
how
the
accident
came
about?
你能告诉我这起事故是怎么发生的吗？
2/
This
is
the
time
to
brainstorm
for
ideas
and
to
evaluate
them.
这时你应该多想注意，并对它们进行评估。
brainstorm
意为“集思广益；集体献计”
例如:
Brainstorm
as
many
ideas
as
possible.
尽量动脑筋，多想办法。
3/
Make
a
detailed
drawing
of
your
invention…
make
a
drawing
of
意为“将…绘成图”
例如:
Can
you
make
a
drawing
of
the
thief?
您能把那个贼画出来吗？
Unit
4
Topic
2
Section
A
1a
1/
I
think
we
will
live
in
space
one
day.
in
space
在太空中
2/
We
will
be
able
to
do
anything
that
can
be
done
on
the
earth.
其中“that
can
be
done
on
the
earth”为修饰anything的定语从句
on
the
earth意为“在地球上”（=on
earth）,
on
earth还有“究竟，到底”之意。
例:
What
do
you
want
to
say
to
us
on
earth?
你到底想对我们说什么？
3
I
won’t
believe
there
are
aliens
until
I
see
them
myself.
until
用于肯定句时意为“直到…”，前句动词具有延续性。
例:
We
waited
there
until
late
into
the
night.
我们在那儿一直等到深夜。
not…until…
意为“直到…才…”，前句动词为非延续性。
例:
Tom
didn’t
go
to
bed
until
his
mother
came
back.
汤姆知道他妈妈回来才上床睡觉。
Section
B
1a
Then
our
dreams
will
be
realized.
realize
意为“实现”(=achieve)
You
can
achieve(=realize)
your
dream
as
long
as
you
work
harder
from
now
on.
Your
dream
will
come
true
as
long
as
you
work
harder
from
now
on.
从现在起只要你更加努力学习你就会梦想成真。
3a
Just
a
minute稍等片刻
in
the
universe在宇宙中
Section
C
1a
1/
…and
is
named
after
Mars,
the
Roman
god
of
war.
name…after…意为“以…命名…”
例:
He
was
named
after
his
father.
他以其父亲的名字命名。
2/
Its
diameter
is
53%
as
wide
as
that
of
the
earth.
倍数的表达法：倍数
+
as
+
形容词或副词
+
as
例:
This
box
is
4
times
as
heavy
as
that
one.
这箱子比那个箱子重4倍。
Tom’s
home
is
twice
as
big
as
Jim’s.
汤姆的房间是吉姆房间的两倍大。
3/
Mars
goes
around
the
sun
at
a
distance
about
228
million
kilometers.
at
a
distance
of…
相隔…
at/from
a
distance在远处
例:
We
watched
them
at
a
distance
of
200
meters.
我们在200外注视着他们。
The
police
followed
him
at
a
distance.
警察远远地跟着他。
2
It
has
been
two
days
since
we
landed
on
Mars.
“It
is/has
been
+
一段时间since
+
从句”是现在完成时态经常使用的句型，从句中的动词具有非延续性。
例:
It
has
been
a
long
time
since
they
left.
他们离开很久了。
It
is
three
months
since
we
went
to
see
her
last
time.
自从我们上次去看她（至今）都三个月了。
（=我们都三个月没去看她了。）
Section
D
Some
spaceships
have
gone
beyond
the
solar
system.
beyond
介词，意为“超出”
例:
Our
success
was
beyond
what
we
thought.
我们的成功超出了我们的预想。
Unit
4
Topic
3
Section
A
1a
1/
That’s
great!
It
proves
that
China
has
made
great
progress
in
its
space
industry.
prove
动词，意为“证实，证明”，常见两种用法。
例:
This
proves
that
I
was
right.
这证明我是正确的。
Just
give
me
a
chance
and
I
will
prove
it
to
you.
只要给我机会我就会证明给你看。
4
1/
…was
the
first
man
to
set
foot
on
the
moon.
set
foot
on
踏上、登上
2/
Along
with
his
partner,
…
along
with
连同…一起
例:
She
came
to
the
party
along
with?her
boyfriend.
她和男朋友一起来参加聚会。
Section
B
1c
Kangkang
made
up
his
mind
to
work
hard
to
master
computer
technology.
make
up
one’s
mind
意为下决心做某事
例:
They
made
up
their
mind
to
sell
the
house.
他们下决心要卖掉房子。
Section
C
1a
1/
…they
have
become
very
important
in
many
areas
of
work
and
leisure.
in…area
在…方面
2/
There
is
no
doubt
that
…
There
is
no
doubt
that…意为“毋庸置疑的是…”
例:
There
is
no
doubt
that
nothing
can
change
his
mind.
毋庸置疑没什么会让他改变主意。
There
is
no
doubt
at
all
that
we
did
the
right
thing.
毫无疑问，我们做得对。
3/
With
the
help
of
computers,
….
with
the
help
of…意为“在…帮助之下”
例:
We
have
made
rapid
progress
with
the
help
of
Mr.
Brown.
在布朗先生的帮助下我们取得了快速的进步。
4/
…which
are
inside
patients’
bodies
can
keep
their
hearts
beating
normally.
keep…doing意为“让…不断做”
例:
Our
teacher
kept
us
reading
and
reading
all
day.
老师让我们一整天不停地读啊读。
5/
For
instance,
if
we
work
on
computers
too
long,
…
for
instance
=
for
example
意为“例如”
例:
She
doesn’t
care
time,
for
instance,
she
arrived
an
hour
late
for
the
important
meeting
yesterday.
她才不拿时间当回事儿呢，例如，昨天那个重要的会议她晚到了一小时！
6/
Besides,
not
everything
we
read
on
the
Internet
is
true
or
good
for
us.
besides和except都是介词，都有“除…以外”之意，besides强调“除此以外还…”，
except强调“除去而不包含”之意。另外besides还有“况且，而且，还”之意。
例:
I
will
be
free
tomorrow
besides
today.
除今天以外我明天也有空。（今天也有空）
Besides
English,
we
study
many
other
subjects.
除英语我们还学其他很多科目。（英语也学习）
I
will
be
free
every
day
next
week
except
Monday.
下周除周一以外我每天都有空。（周一没空）
They
all
went
there
except
Li
Ming.
除李明以外他们都去那儿了。（李明没去）
Section
D
1a
1/
No
one
knows
for
certain,
but
most
people
think
...
know/say
for
certain意为“确切知道/肯定地说”
例:
I
know
for
certain
that
he’s
back,
but
he
doesn’t
answer
me.
我肯定他在那儿，但是他就是不回答我。
2/
People
are
surprised
at
the
rapid
development
of
robots.
be
surprised
at
对…惊奇不已
例:
We
were
quite
surprised
at
what
we
saw
under
the
sea.
我们为在海面以下所见到的一切感觉吃惊不已。
3/
In
a
few
years,
perhaps
robots
will
think
on
their
own.
on
one’s
own
意为“独立地，独自地”
例:
I
was
able
to
finish
the
job
on
my
own.
我自己就能完成这工作。
4/
However,
once
robots
can
think
for
themselves.
think
for
oneself
独立思考
例:
Do
you
think
a
computer
can
think
for
itself?
你觉得计算机会独立思考吗？
PAGE
16