Unit 5 First Aid 精品课件

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Unit 5
First aid
Warming up
高二人教新课标版必修五
！
Warning
So…
First aid is important for the victims (受害者), and necessary for us to learn about.
There were 760, 327 traffic accidents in China
last year, resulting in 106, 367 deaths. 71.16%
of the deaths were due to the lack of timely
first aid.
First aid is a __________ form of help given
to someone who suddenly ______ or __________
before a doctor can be found. Often the ______
or ______ is not_______, but there are other
times when giving ______________ can save
_____.
temporary
falls ill
gets injured
illness
injury
serious
first aid quickly
lives
Brainstorming: What words can you think of when you talk about accidents and first aid
Accident
First aid
drown
bleed
choke
burn/catch fire
cut
a bloody nose
a snake bite
sprained ankle
a broken arm
What has happened to them
What can you do to help
a snake bite
1. Lay the person down and keep him still.
2. Do not wash the venom (毒液) off the skin.
3. Apply pressure to the bitten part with your
hands. 毒蛇的牙痕为单排, 无毒蛇的牙痕为双排。
bleeding
Put a bandage on the wound and
apply pressure to reduce the bleeding.
a sprained ankle
First, have the patient sit down and raise the foot.
Second, put a bandage around the foot and ankle.
Third, put an ice pack on the ankle to reduce
the swelling.
choking
Make him / her spit by patting him / her on the back.
Don’t slap (拳击) his back, which may make things worse.
Don’t eat too fast and don’t
forget to chew your food.
Don’t talk or laugh while
having food in the mouth.
a broken arm
Do not move the patient.
Keep the arm still using a bandage.
Get medical help immediately.
a bloody nose
sit down and bend his head forward
and pinch(捏) his nose
×
Nowadays there are a lot of accidents in our
daily life. What would you do in such
situations What knowledge should we have
1. Check to see if he is breathing.
2. Try to start his breathing.
Some more situations
Press a hand on his chest many times.
Use the mouth-to-mouth method.
Lay him on his back, close his nose with your fingers and breathe into his mouth. Repeat this as often as necessary.
Learn how to swim.
Swim with a life-buoy.
Never swim alone.
Don’t swim in dangerous waters.
Call for a doctor
or an ambulance.
Never pull her
out of the car.
Find enough people
to lift the car safely
and take her to
hospital at once.
Look at both sides when crossing the street.
Some more situations
Follow the traffic rules and be careful.
Use crosswalks and look at both sides
when crossing the street.
Never use a cellphone while driving,
riding a bike or walking on a busy
street.
Call 119 first and tell them the exact address on the phone.
Call 120 to ask for an ambulance if someone is badly burnt.
Cool the area of skin and put a piece of dry clean cloth over the area of skin.
fire
Keep calm and find your way out quickly, using the escape route exit.
Try to sound the fire alarm.
Don’t open the door if the door is hot or if you see smoke coming under the door.
Stand in front of a open window and shout for help. Try to cover your mouth with a wet towel.
Go to the hospital at once.
Never pull it out of the cut.
For not serious cuts, wash the area of cut, dry it and cover it with a bandage or a piece of dry and clean cloth.
Never play with knives or other
sharp objects.
Always be careful with your tools,
especially knives.
Important numbers
120
119
110
Emergency medical service
Fire department
Police department
Why is first aid important
The prompt care
sometimes draws the
line between life and
death.
The prompt attention
draws the line between
a full or partial
recovery.
…
main aims of first aid
To preserve life
To protect the casualty
from further harm
To relieve pain
…
Unit 5
First aid
Reading
高二人教新课标版必修五
Can you guess what will happen to the girl
How will her mother deal with the burn
Look at the picture on the left. What has happened
The girl has pulled boiling water onto herself.
She will get bad burns.
Place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes.
Take clothing off the burned area unless it is stuck to the burn.
Take off other clothing and jewellery near burns.
Dip the burns under cool water to stop the pain and prevent or reduce swelling.
Place cool, clean, wet cloths on burns until the pain is not so bad.
If the injuries are second degree or third degree burns, get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.
Pre-reading
What will the passage be about
2. What do they tell you about the passage
First aid for burns.
Causes, types, characteristics and
first aid treatment for burns.
Fast Reading
In which order are these topics covered
in the text Number them from 1 to 5.
_____ the three types of burns
_____ what to do if someone gets burned
_____ the purpose of skin
_____ the symptoms of burns
_____ how we get burns
3
5
1
4
2
Find out how many parts there are
and the main idea of each part:
Part1.
Part2.
Part3.
Part4
part5
The purpose / function of skin
Causes of burns
Types of burns: First degree burns,
Second degree burns, Third degree burns
Characteristics of burns
First aid treatment
hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, chemicals
the top layer
the second layer
the third layer tissue under the skin
nerve
There are ______ layers of skin.
three
The skin is the ________ organ,
and also very __________.
largest
essential
Protect you against _________, _________
and _______________________;
2) Keep you ________ or ________;
3) Prevent you from ______________;
4) Give you _____________.
losing water
sense of touch
warm
cool
diseases
poisons
the sun’s harmful rays
Part 1: The purpose of skin
Careful Reading
Part 2 Cause of burns
H2SO4
hot liquids
steam
fire
the sun
chemicals
Part 3 Types of burns
There are _______ types of burns depending
on which _______ are burned.
First degree burns affect only the _____ layer
and should feel better within _______________.
Second degree burns affect both the _____
and the _______ layer. These burns are _______
and take ______________ to heal.
three
layers
top
a day or two
top
second
serious
a few weeks
Third degree burns affect all ______ layers
and any ______ and ______ under the skin.
They are very _______ injuries and the
victim must get to ________ at once.
three
tissue
organs
severe
hospital
B
A
C
Blisters and
watery surface
Mildly swollen
Tissue under
them often
can be seen
Part 4 Characteristics of burns
first
degree burn
second degree burn
third degree burn
First degree burns
Dry, red and mildly
_______. _______ painful. Turn white when
________.
Second degree burns ________, red and swollen. Extremely painful. ________ watery
surface
Third degree burns Swollen;
______ can be seen. ______ or ____ pain. Black and white
and ________.
Characteristics of burns
Types Characteristics
swollen
Rough
tissue
Mildly
Little
no
pressed
Blisters
charred
1. ________ clothing and jewelry near the burns.
2. ______ the burns with cool water.
3. ______ cool, clean wet cloths on the burns.
4. ______ the burned area gently.
5. ______ the burned area with a dry clean
bandage.
6. ______ the burned area ______ than the
heart, if possible.
7. ______ the victim ____ the doctor or
hospital, if possible.
Part 5 First aid treatment
Take off
Cool
Place
Dry
Cover
Keep
higher
Get
to
First degree Burns
Second degree burns
Third degree burns
type
1. Get the victim to the doctor or hospital
Treatment
3. Place cool, clean, wet clothes on them until the pain is not so bad.
2. Keep cloths cool by putting them back in the cold water; squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.
Our skin has three layers.
We will never get burned by the sun.
Burns are divided into three degrees according to the degree of pain.
Third degree burns are the most serious
and painful.
Tell if the following statements
are true or false:
5. Put cool water on any burns to
cool them.
6. Don’t rub the burns
7. It’s better that you put some butter
or oil on burns.
1. Why should you put cold water on a burn
The cold water stops the burning
process, stops the pain and prevents
or reduces swelling.
Answer the following questions.
2. Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt
Because in a third degree burn the
nerves have been damaged. If
there are no nerves, there is no pain.
3. Why do you think clothes and
jewellery near burns should be removed
Because bacteria from the clothes
and jewellery could infect the burns.
4. If someone has a third degree burn,
why might you see tissue
Because all layers of the skin have been
burnt showing the tissue underneath.
1. Sam knocked over a kettle full of boiling water onto his legs. His legs became red, swollen and covered with blisters. Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.
W
Read the first aid treatments for these burns. Are they right or wrong
2. While ironing clothes, Miss Good accidentally touched the iron. Her wrist blistered and became watery. It hurt a lot. She put her wrist under the cold water tap and then kept placing cool, clean, damp cloths on it until it was less painful. Then she went to see the doctor.
R
3. Mrs Casey’s sleeve caught fire while she was cooking. Her arm looked terrible but it didn’t hurt. The skin was charred. Her husband took off her blouse and picked off bits of the blouse stuck to the burn. He then placed butter on the burn and covered it with a wet bandage.
W
4. After an hour in the sun, Lily noticed her arms were red and hurt a bit. She went home and put them under cool running water.
R
Try our best to give them effective first aid if they are in danger.
Life is precious
We should care about others, and help people in an emergency.
Unit 5
First aid
Learning about language
高二人教新课标版必修五
1 Complete the table with the correct verbs, nouns or adjectives.
Discovering useful words and expressions
Verb Noun Adjective
injury
swollen
bleed
sprain
poisonous
injure
injured
swell
swelling
blood/bleeding
bloody/bleeding
sprain
sprained
poison
poison
Verb Noun Adjective
variety
organic
choke
water
infect
vary
various
organize
organ
choke
choked
water
watery
infection
infective/infectious
2 Complete the sentences with new words or phrases from the unit.
1. When do you need to use your _______
knowledge about When somebody
suddenly ______ or has an accident.
2. What is the ____ It is an organ which
acts as a _______ against disease,
poisons and the sun’s harmful _____.
first aid
falls ill
skin
barrier
rays
3. Why are the functions of the skin
described as _______ It keeps you
warm or cool; it prevents your body
from losing too much water and
provides you with your _____ of touch.
complex
sense
4. What can hurt the _____ of the skin
Hot _____ from pans on the stove,
electric shocks, radiation, fire and
the sun.
5. What is it ____ to do if you have third
degree burns Go to the hospital.
6. What are the _________ of first degree
burns They are dry, red and mildly
_______.
tissue
liquid
vital
symptoms
swollen
3 Complete the passage using the words or phrases provided in their proper forms.
bandage over and over again unbearable scissors in place squeeze out blisters temporary ankle cupboard
Emma had a mild accident. She burned her _____ when she knocked some hot liquid over herself. At first the pain was __________ but fortunately Luke knew what to do. He immediately provided some _________ treatment using some cloths from the _________.
ankle
unbearable
temporary
cupboard
He wetted them, ____________ the cold water and then placed them over her ankle. He did this _________________ until the pain disappeared. Then he dried the ankle gently to prevent ______ from forming. Finally he took a pair of _______ and cut a ________ to the right length.
squeezed out
over and over again
blisters
scissors
bandage
Then he tied it tightly so that it would stay ________. Emma was very grateful to Luke for what he had done for her.
in place
Ellipsis
1. This radio , but that
one doesn’t .
读下列句子, 说你的感觉。
work well
works well
2. When pure, a colorless
liquid.
water is
water is
3. Are you Yes, I am .
ready
ready
4. He was as he had been
in his youth.
a lover of sports
a lover of sports
5. The river deep and the ice thin.
was
was
6. ake care!
You
T
t
1. 省略句的定义
省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使
上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。
省略在语言中, 尤其在对话中, 是一种
十分普遍的现象。
2. 句子成分的省略
省略前提: 主谓宾, 定状表, 如有重复可删掉。
省略原则: 词语省略后, 不致令人费解。
省略类型：
1. 心照不宣型(用于祈使句和某些现成的简单句中)；
2. 承前省后型(用于对话、并列句和动词不定式中)；
3. 可有可无型(用于宾从中的that、定从中作宾语
的whom, which, that和某些状从中)
4. 虚拟倒装型(只用于需要倒装的虚拟条件句中)。
1. 省略主语: 祈使句中的主语通常被省略;
其他省略的主语的情况多限于少数现成的说法。
(1) (You) Come in, please.
(2) ( I ) See you tomorrow.
(3) ( I ) Thank you for your help.
(4) ( I ) Beg your pardon.
简单句中的省略
2. 省略主语或谓语的一部分
简单句中的省略
(1) (There is) No smoking.
(2) (Will you) Have a smoke
(3) Why (do you) not say hello to him
(4) How (do you think) about a cup of tea
(5) (You come) this way, please.
3. 省略宾语:可省略宾语的全部; 可省略作宾语
的动词不定式, 只保留to, 但如果该宾语是动词
be或完成时态, 则须在to后加上be或have。
---Do you know Miss Hu
---I don’t know (her).
(2) Don’t touch anything unless the teacher
tells you to (touch).
(3) ---Are you a teacher
---No, but I want to be (a teacher).
(4) ---He hasn’t finished the task.
---Well, he ought to have (finish it).
4. 省略表语
---Are you thirsty ---Yes, I am (thirsty).
His brother is lazy. Nor is his sister (lazy).
5. 同时省略几个句子成分
---Are you fell better now
--- (I’m feeling) better (now).
(2) (I wish) Good luck (to you)!
(3) Let’s meet at the school gate as the
same as (we met) yesterday.
并列句中的省略
两个并列分句中, 后一分句常省略与前一分句
中相同的部分。
My father is a doctor and my mother
(is) a nurse.
(2) I study at college and my sister (studies)
at high school
(3) Lin’s father was not at home, but his
mother was (at home).
主从复合句中的省略
1. 主句中有一些主谓被省略　
(I’m) Sorry to heat that you are ill.
(2) (It’s) a pity that you missed such a
good chance.
2. 省略从句中与主句相同的部分
They do not visit their parents as much as
they ought to (visit their parents).
3. 主句与从句各有一些成分被省略
The sooner (you do it) , the better (it will be).
4. 省略一个从句或从句的一部分, 可用so 或
not代替。常用于此类的动词有believe, think,
expect, guess, hope, imagine, suppose, say, tell
等以及appear, seem, afraid etc.
(4) –Do you think he will attend the meeting
--I guess not.
(1) –Is he coming back tonight --I think so.
(2) –She must be busy now --If so, she can’t
go with us.
(3) –Is she feeling better today --I’m afraid not.
其他省略
1. 连词that的省略
宾语从句中常省略连词that.
I know he is a student.
(2) 在定语从句中, that在从句中作宾语时可省略。另外,
凡是进行时态和被动语态的定语从句都可省略关系代词
和be 动词。
He likes the songs (that) Andy Lau sings.
He likes the songs (that are) sung by Andy Lau.
(that)
2. 在某些状语从句中, 从句的主语与主句的
主语一致时, 可省去“主语+be”部分。
(1)When still a boy of 10, he had to
work day and night.
(2)She tried her best though rather
poor in health.
(3)While cycling, don’t forget the
traffic lights. 骑车时, 不要忘记看红绿灯。
(you are)
(you)
(he was)
(she was)
3. 不定式符号to的省略
1) 并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.
I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.
2) help 当“帮助”讲时, 后面的宾语或宾补的
不定式符号to可带可不带。
I will help (to) do it for you.
I will help you (to) do it.
(3) 介词but前若有动词do, 后面的不定式不带
to. The boy did nothing but play.
4) 某些使役动词(let, make, have) 及感官动词
(see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at,
listen to等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定
要省去 to, 但在被动语态中须将to 复原。
I saw the boy fall from the tree.
The boy was seen to fall from the tree.
The boss made us work 12 hours a day.
We were made to work 12 hours a day.
5) 主语从句中有动词do, 后面作表语的不定式
的to可带可不带。
What we can do now is (to) wait.
6) find 当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的
不定式符号to可带可不带。
We found him (to) work very hard at the
experiment.
但如果是不定式 to be, 则不能省略。
She found him to be dishonest.
(3) Should there be a flood, what should we do
, they would certainly come
and help us.
(2) Were I you , I would do the work better.
Had they time
If
I had time
(If I were you)
(If there should be a flood)
4. 连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略, 但要将
后面的should, were, had提到主语的前面。
5. 英语中有一些固定的省略结构：
在以if, when, though, as if (好象)等连词引导
的从句中, 如从句中的主要动词是be, 常将主语
it 和动词be 省略。
If necessary, we shall send a telegram home.
如有必要, 我们就往家里打电报。
Whenever possible, he will come to my help.
他一有可能就来帮助我。
it is
it is
Notes
1. 省略句可同时省掉句子几个成份
What exciting news! (= What exciting news
it is!) 多么令人激动的消息啊！
Pity he’s failed. (= It is a pity that he’s failed.)
很遗憾, 他失败了。
I like him more than her. (= I like him more
than I like her.)
我喜欢他更甚于喜欢她。
3. 被省略的部分一般可以在句子中补上, 但
有时省略结构已经定型, 如果把省略部分补上,
反而不合乎习惯。
He is taller than I am. 他比我高。
(am之后省略tall, 补上不合习惯）
No parking. 禁止停车。
(告示用语 = No parking is allowed here.)
有一些习惯表达很难补上所省略的部分：
Not at all. 不用谢。
No matter. 不要紧。
Thanks. 谢谢。
Exercise
She can swim under water longer than
I can swim under water.
2. They discussed whether they should stay
in the house or they should try the open air.
3. They had a meal, they went out for a walk
and then they came back to sleep.
4. Don’t bathe if you don’t to bathe.
5. I don’t visit my parents as much as I ought
to visit my parents.
18. If _____, we’ll continue our experiment
after office hours.
A. being necessary B. be necessary
C. is necessary D. necessary
19. ---Do you think it's going to rain over the
weekend --- _______.
A. I don't believe B. I don't believe it
C. I believe not so D. I believe not
20. Generally speaking, ________ according to
directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking B. when taken
　 C. when to take D. when to be taken
D
D
B
21. One of the sides of the board should be
painted yellow, and ________.
A. the other is white B. another white
C. the other white D. another is white
22. --- Would you like some wine
--- Yes, just ________.
A. little B. very little C. a little D. a few
C
C
替代
(一)so和not作替代词, 代替被省略的某个词(组)
或句子, 一般同表示个人看法或想法的动词连用,
作be afraid, believe, become, all, do, expect, fear,
hope, imagine, say, see, speak, suppose, think
等的宾语。Not代替否定的句子还可放在
perhaps, probably, absolutely等副词后。
e.g. She was not angry at first, but became
so (=angry) after a while.
--Is he the best student in the class
--I think so (=He is best student in the
class).
--I think not (=He is not the best student
in the class).
(二)替代的应用
1. so可以放在句首或句尾, 但若谓语动词是see,
notice, hear等,则只能放在句首。如：
I believe (say, think…)so. =So I believe (say,
think…).
—He is absent today.
—So I see (hear, notice).
2. 在表示肯定或怀疑意义的句中不可用so。
如：误: I doubt so.
正: I doubt it.
4. do so一般只用替代动态动词, 不替代静态
动词。如:
She said she would go with me, but she
didn’t do so.
---Alice feels better today.
---I think she does.
---So she does.
而不能说 I think she does so.
3.在ask和know之后也不用so。如：
误: Why do you ask so
正: Why do you ask that
Unit 5
First aid
Using language
高二人教新课标版必修五
Heroic teenager receives award
Reading and discussing
The story is about a young man who sets us a good example because he could save one’s life using his knowledge of first aid.
What do you think the article is about by reading the headline and the first paragraph
Where can you most probably read
this passage
A. In a novel
B. In a guide book
C. In a newspaper
C
Read the first paragraph, then answer
the following questions.
Who
2) What
3) Where
4) When
5) Why
teenager John Janson
honoured at the Lifesaver Awards
in Rivertown
last night
for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife attack
Read the newspaper article and then
put these events in the order that they happened.
Scanning
Put these events in the right order.
_____ The attacker ran away.
_____ Anne was attacked and started to
scream.
_____ John performed first aid on Anne.
_____ John was studying in his house.
_____ The ambulance arrived.
_____ John ran outside with his father.
_____ John found Anne in her garden with
terrible knife wounds.
4
2
6
1
7
3
5
What was John doing when he heard the
screaming
2. What happened to Anne
He was studying in his room.
She had been stabbed repeatedly with a
knife. She was lying in her front garden
bleeding very heavily. Her hands had
almost been cut off.
Detailed reading
3. What first aid did John perform on Anne
4. What saved Ms Slade’s life
5. Where did John learn the knowledge of
first aid
John _________ Ms Slade’s injuries with
tea ______ and applied ________ to the
wounds to ___________ the bleeding.
It was John’s quick action and knowledge
of the first aid that saved her life.
At his high school.
covered
towels
pressure
slow/reduce
Last night, John heard ___________ and
_______ outside. His neighbor Anne had
been _______. She was _______ heavily. John
and his father asked for ________ , but
nobody could ____ _____ _____ ___ them.
They got some tea _____ and ____ from
their house.
Summary
screaming
bleeding
stabbed
rushed
towels
put their hands on
bandages
tape
John used these to ____ the most severe
injuries and _______ the bleeding by _______
_________ to the wounds. It was John’s
______ _______ and ____________ of first
aid that saved Anne’s life.
knowledge
action
quick
applying
pressure
dress
slowed
Find out some adj. to describe John’s
action
adj.
quick-thinking
helpful
fearless
confident
courageous
heroic
unselfish
What if the attacker had still been
on the scene of the stabbing
What if the woman had AIDS
Do you think it is worthwhile for us to take a course in first aid Why
It is useful
Help someone who has had an accident
Give us information about more situations
Give us the chance to practise first aid treatment
Make us useful members of our society
Perhaps we will even save someone’s life
one day
Discussion
.
Do you think John was silly or brave to get involved in the situation
Silly:
could have been attacked also;
none of his business;the woman might have
had AIDS.
Brave:
He didn’t think about his own safty.
All he thought about was to how to help
the victim
clothes on fire broken bones
bleeding choking
snake bites nosebleed
bruising sprained ankle
1 Listen to the tape for the first time. You don’t have to understand every detail in the listening text. Circle the words you hear.
4
2
2 Look at these pictures. Listen to the tape again and number them in the correct order.
sprained ankle
burning clothes
1
3
a nose bleed
choking
3 Listen to each part of the tape. Get the detailed skills.
Part Situation Treatment
1
A nosebleed
2
Someone’s clothes on fire
1. _____ him running round
2. Tell him to _____ to the
ground and ______ him
with a _______________
3. ____ him on the ground
till the fire is out.
4. ______ him for ______
1. Sit down and let her
___________ slightly.
2. _________ her nose.
Squeeze
bend forward
Stop
drop
cover
Roll
thick cloth
treat
burns
Part Situation Treatment
3
4
a sprained ankle
1. ____ him down.
2. Put ____ on the _____.
3. Put foot up on a chair
4. ________ his ankle
_______.
1. Bend him _________
2. Give him _____ quick
hard slaps between his
shoulder blades(肩胛骨).
choking
four
Sit
ice
Bandage
forwards
ankle
tightly
Listening text
A first aid quiz
The first aid teacher (T) is testing her students’ knowledge of first aid. Listen to her questions and her students’ answers.
T=teacher S=Sarah P=Peter
R=Rachel J=Jim G=Gray
4 In pairs, give your partner first aid instructions for each situation using the pictures above. Then write down your first aid instructions using the following expressions.
Now listen carefully.
Follow these instructions.
Watch out for .... Look out for ... and ....
Don’t ... because .... Be careful (not) to ....
Make sure that .... Mind you do/don’t ....
Take care to .... Cover ... with ....
If it is ... go to the hospital. Never ....
Now listen carefully and do what I
say. Sit her down and make sure
that she is bending forward slightly.
Let the blood run out of her nose
and not down her throat. Take
care to squeeze her nose just below
the bridge to stop the bleeding.
Wait until the bleeding stops.
the nosebleed
Be sure to follow these instructions carefully.
Never let the person run around. Tell him to
drop to the floor. Then cover the person with
a thick blanket to put out the fire. Watch out
that the flames do not start up again. Finally
roll him along the ground. until the fire goes
out. If the burns are serous,
send him to the hospital as
soon as possible.
Someone’s clothes on fire
To help the person who is choking
you may follow these instructions.
Try to make the person cough.
Make sure that he is bending
forwards. Then give him five
quick, hard slaps between the
shoulder blades with your hand.
If the choking does not cease,
take him to hospital immediately.
choking
Be sure you listen carefully. Sit the boy down. Don’t let him put his weight on his injured ankle. Tell him to put his foot up on a chair. Make sure to put some ice on his ankle to bring down the swelling. Then tie up the ankle with bandage tightly.
an ankle sprain