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2019高考英语真题来源曝光
要想吃透高考英语试卷，掌握题源也是一个重要的部分。
诚然，要做好英语阅读完型，依靠的还是英语基本功，以不变应万变。外媒文章那么多，想根据题源出处押中真题基本上是不可能的。但仔细分析可以发现，很多高考英语文章都出自CNN、NPR、《新闻周刊》等国外主流媒体。
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
（全国卷I）
真题
第二节
(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is
Fresh
Air
Really
Good
for
You?
We
all
grew
up
hearing
people
tell
us
to
“go
out
and
get
some
fresh
air.”
____36____
According
to
recent
studies，the
answer
is
a
big
YES，if
the
air
quality
in
your
camping
area
is
good.
___37___
If
the
air
you’re
breathing
is
clean-which
it
would
be
if
you’re
away
from
the
smog
of
cities-then
the
air
is
filled
with
life-giving，energizing
oxygen.
If
you
exercise
out
of
doors，your
body
will
learn
to
breathe
more
deeply，allowing
even
more
oxygen
to
get
to
your
muscles(肌肉)and
your
brain.
Recently，people
have
begun
studying
the
connection
between
the
natural
world
and
healing(治愈).
_____38_____
In
these
places
patients
can
go
to
be
near
nature
during
their
recovery.
It
turns
out
that
just
looking
at
green，growing
things
can
reduce
stress，lower
blood
pressure，and
put
people
into
a
better
mood(情绪).Greenery
is
good
for
us.
Hospital
patients
Who
see
tree
branches
out
their
window
are
likely
to
recover
at
a
faster
rate
than
patients
who
see
buildings
or
sky
instead.
______39______
It
gives
us
a
great
feeling
of
peace.
___40___While
the
sun's
rays
can
age
and
harm
our
skin,
they
also
give
is
beneficial
Vitamin
D.
To
make
sure
you
get
enough
Vitamin
D—but
still
protect
your
skin—
put
on
sunscreen
right
as
you
head
outside.
It
takes
sunscreen
about
fifteen
minutes
to
start
working,
and
that's
plenty
of
time
for
your
skin
to
absorb
a
day's
worth
of
Vitamin
D.
题源出处
Camping.com是一个介绍露营相关事宜的美国网站。网站中盘点了美国各州适宜露营的地点，最有特色的露营地等。游客可在网站中查询到最新的露营攻略以及一些实用的露营贴士。
原文
Is
Fresh
Air
Really
Good
for
You?
We
all
grew
up
hearing
people
tell
us
to
"go
out
and
get
some
fresh
air.
But
is
fresh
air
really
as
good
for
you
as
your
mother
always
claimed?
According
to
recent
studies,
the
answer
is
a
qualified
yes,
depending
on
the
air
quality
in
your
area.
If
you’re
in
out
camping
or
RVing
in
one
of
our
beautiful
wilderness
areas,
the
answer
is
a
gigantic
YES!
Fresh
air
cleans
our
lungs.
If
the
air
you'
re
breathing
is
clean
—which
it
would
be
if
you'
re
away
from
the
smog
of
cities
—then
the
air
is
filed
with
life-giving,
energizing
oxygen.
If
you
exercise
out
of
doors,
your
body
will
learn
to
breathe
more
deeply,
allowing
even
more
oxygen
to
get
to
your
muscles
and
your
brain.
Did
you
know
that
your
brain
sucks
up
twenty
percent
of
your
body's
oxygen?
So
getting
plenty
of
clean,
fresh
air
into
your
lungs
is
a
good
way
to
keep
your
brain
functioning
at
tip-top
capacity.
Recently,
people
have
begun
studying
the
connection
between
the
natural
world
and
healing.
All
across
the
country,
hospitals
and
recovery
centers
have
begun
building
Healing
Gardens
or
Therapeutic
Gardens-places
where
patients
can
go
to
be
near
nature
during
their
rehabilitation.
It
turns
out
that
just
looking
at
green,
growing
things
can
reduce
stress,
lower
【典例一（2019·新课标卷I）】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is
Fresh
Air
Really
Good
for
You?
We
all
grew
up
hearing
people
tell
us
to
“go
out
and
get
some
fresh
air.”
____36____
According
to
recent
studies，the
answer
is
a
big
YES，if
the
air
quality
in
your
camping
area
is
good.
___37___
If
the
air
you’re
breathing
is
clean-which
it
would
be
if
you’re
away
from
the
smog
of
cities-then
the
air
is
filled
with
life-giving，energizing
oxygen.
If
you
exercise
out
of
doors，your
body
will
learn
to
breathe
more
deeply，allowing
even
more
oxygen
to
get
to
your
muscles(肌肉)and
your
brain.
Recently，people
have
begun
studying
the
connection
between
the
natural
world
and
healing(治愈).
_____38_____
In
these
places
patients
can
go
to
be
near
nature
during
their
recovery.
It
turns
out
that
just
looking
at
green，growing
things
can
reduce
stress，lower
blood
pressure，and
put
people
into
a
better
mood(情绪).Greenery
is
good
for
us.
Hospital
patients
Who
see
tree
branches
out
their
window
are
likely
to
recover
at
a
faster
rate
than
patients
who
see
buildings
or
sky
instead.
______39______
It
gives
us
a
great
feeling
of
peace.
___40___While
the
sun's
rays
can
age
and
harm
our
skin,
they
also
give
is
beneficial
Vitamin
D.
To
make
sure
you
get
enough
Vitamin
D—but
still
protect
your
skin—
put
on
sunscreen
right
as
you
head
outside.
It
takes
sunscreen
about
fifteen
minutes
to
start
working,
and
that's
plenty
of
time
for
your
skin
to
absorb
a
day's
worth
of
Vitamin
D.
A.
Fresh
air
cleans
our
lungs.
B.
So
what
are
you
waiting
for?
C.
Being
in
nature
refreshes
us.
D.
Another
side
benefit
of
getting
fresh
air
is
sunlight.
E.
But
is
fresh
air
really
as
good
for
you
as
your
mother
always
said?
F.
Just
as
importantly,
we
tend
to
associate
air
with
health
care.
G.
All
across
the
country,
recovery
centers
have
begun
building
Healing
Gardens.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中的氧气，阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人了。
36.E
【解析】根据下一句中的“the
answer
is
a
big
YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。故选E：但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗？空前的people
tell
us
to
“go
out
and
get
some
fresh
air”和选项中的“your
mother
always
said”亦是呼应。
37.A
【解析】根据下一句中提到的“If
the
air
you’re
breathing
is
clean…the
air
is
filled
with
life-giving,
energizing
oxygen”可知，新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的，充满活力的氧气。下文中“…breathe
more
deeply,
allowing
more
oxygen
to
get
to
your
muscles
and
your
brain”是对前文的递进：在户外，更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。根据前面的分析可以推知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用，根据常识，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A选项：新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。
38.G
【解析】根据下一句中提到的“these
places”可以推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词，故选项G：在全国，康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”。these
places就是指Healing
Gardens。
39.C
【解析】前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用：绿色的正在成长的植物可以减轻压力，降低血压，使人情绪良好。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的it也要指代这种情况。故C选项切题：身处大自然可以使人精神焕发。
40.D
【解析】根据下文中提到的“the
sun’s
rays…give
us
beneficial
Vitamin
D”可知，该段介绍的阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D：获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。
【典例二（2018·新课标卷I）】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color
is
fundamental
in
home
design
–
something
you’ll
always
have
in
every
room.
A
grasp
of
how
to
manage
color
in
your
spaces
is
one
of
the
first
steps
to
creating
rooms
you’ll
love
to
live
in.
Do
you
want
a
room
that’s
full
of
life?
Professional?
Or
are
you
just
looking
for
a
place
to
relax
after
a
long
day?
36
,
color
is
the
key
to
making
a
room
feel
the
way
you
want
it
to
feel.
Over
the
years,
there
have
been
a
number
of
different
techniques
to
help
designers
approach
this
important
point.
37
,
they
can
get
a
little
complex.
But
good
news
is
that
there’re
really
only
three
kinds
of
decisions
you
need
to
make
about
color
in
your
home:
the
small
ones,
the
medium
ones,
and
the
large
ones.
38
.
They’re
the
little
spots
of
color
like
throw
pillows,
mirrors
and
baskets
that
most
of
us
use
to
add
visual
interest
to
our
rooms.
Less
tiring
than
painting
your
walls
and
less
expensive
than
buying
a
colorful
sofa,
small
color
choices
bring
with
them
the
significant
benefit
of
being
easily
changeable.
Medium
color
choices
are
generally
furniture
pieces
such
as
sofas,
dinner
tables
or
bookshelves.
39
.
They
require
a
bigger
commitment
than
smaller
ones,
and
they
have
a
more
powerful
effect
on
the
feeling
of
a
space.
The
large
color
decisions
in
your
rooms
concern
the
walls,
ceilings,
and
floors.
Whether
you’re
looking
at
wallpaper
or
paint,
the
time,
effort
and
relative
expense
put
into
it
are
significant.
40
.
A.
While
all
of
them
are
useful
B.
Whatever
you’re
looking
for
C.
If
you’re
experimenting
with
a
color
D.
Small
color
choices
are
the
ones
we’re
most
familiar
with
E.
It’s
not
really
a
good
idea
to
use
too
many
small
color
pieces
F.
So
it
pays
to
be
sure,
because
you
want
to
get
it
right
the
first
time
G.
Color
choices
in
this
range
are
a
step
up
from
the
small
ones
in
two
major
ways
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。
36.
B
【解析】36题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除D、E、F、G项。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选B（不管你寻找哪一种）。
37.
A
【解析】前文：在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点；下文：它们有点复杂。所以A（然而他们都很有用）承上启下。符合题意。
38.
D
【解析】本空是一个主题句，总说选择小颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小颜色的具体用途。故选D。
39.
G
【解析】根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是对小型颜色选择在两种方式上的进一步提示，故选G。
40.
F
【解析】前文the
time,
effort
and
relative
expense
put
into
it
are
significant你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的。后文F那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好。故选F。
【典例二（2017·新课标卷I）】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If
anyone
had
told
me
three
years
ago
that
I
would
be
spending
most
of
my
weekends
camping,
I
would
have
laughed
heartily.
Campers,
in
my
eyes,
were
people
who
enjoyed
insect
bites,
ill-cooked
meals,
and
uncomfortable
sleeping
bags.
They
had
nothing
in
common
with
me.
36
The
friends
who
introduced
me
to
camping
thought
that
it
meant
to
be
a
pioneer.
37
We
slept
in
a
tent,
cooked
over
an
open
fire,
and
walked
a
long
distance
to
take
the
shower
and
use
the
bathroom.
This
brief
visit
with
Mother
Nature
cost
me
two
days
off
from
work,
recovering
from
a
bad
case
of
sunburn
and
the
doctor’s
bill
for
my
son’s
food
poisoning.
I
was,
nevertheless,
talked
into
going
on
another
fun-filled
holiday
in
the
wilderness.
38
Instead,
we
had
a
pop-up
camper
with
comfortable
beds
and
an
air
conditioner.
My
nature-loving
friends
had
remembered
to
bring
all
the
necessities
of
life.
39
We
have
done
a
lot
of
it
since.
Recently,
we
bought
a
twenty-eight-foot
travel
trailer
complete
with
a
bathroom
and
a
built-in
TV
set.
There
is
a
separate
bedroom,
a
modern
kitchen
with
a
refrigerator.
The
trailer
even
has
matching
carpet
and
curtains.
40
It
must
be
true
that
sooner
or
later,
everyone
finds
his
or
her
way
back
to
nature.
I
recommend
that
you
find
your
way
in
style.
A.
This?time?there?was?no?tent.
B.
Things?are?going?to?be?improved.
C.
The?trip?they?took?me?on?was?a?rough?one.
D.
I?was?to?learn?a?lot?about?camping?since?then,?however.
E.
I?must?say?that?I?have?certainly?come?to?enjoy?camping.
F.
After
the
trip,
my
family
became
quite
interested
in
camping.
G.
There
was
no
shade
as
the
trees
were
no
more
than
3
feet
tall.
【文章大意】三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。
36.
D
【解析】根据前文可知三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营，暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的however表示转折。且If
anyone
had
told
me
three
years
ago
that
I
would
be
spending
most
of
my
weekends
camping暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前，D选项中的since
then＂自从那时候起＂和前文时间吻合。故选D。
37.
C
【解析】根据后文We
slept
in
a
tent,
cooked
over
an
open
fire,
and
walked
a
long
distance
to
take
the
shower
and
use
the
bathroom可知作者第一次露营的条件很艰苦，C选项The
trip
they
took
me
on
was
a
rough
one.中的rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。
38.
A
【解析】根据前文We
slept
in
a
tent,
cooked
over
an
open
fire,
and
walked
a
long
distance
to
take
the
shower
and
use
the
bathroom可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡、上厕所，条件很艰苦，而后文中Instead,
we
had
a
pop-up
camper
with
comfortable
beds
and
an
air
conditioner.
说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A选项This
time
there
was
no
tent＂这次没有帐篷了＂暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。
39.
F
【解析】根据后文we
bought
a
twenty-eight-foot
travel
trailer
complete
with
a
bathroom
and
a
built-in
TV
set.
There
is
a
separate
bedroom,
a
modern
kitchen
with
a
refrigerator.
The
trailer
even
has
matching
carpet
and
curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After
the
trip,
my
family
became
quite
interested
in
camping(那次露营之后，我的家人开始对露营感兴趣)符合语境，故选F。
40.
E
【解析】根据后文It
must
be
true
that
sooner
or
later,
everyone
finds
his
or
her
way
back
to
nature.
I
recommend
that
you
find
your
way
in
style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项I
must
say
that
I
have
certainly
come
to
enjoy
camping.(我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营)既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好地衔接了后文。故选E。
高考英语七选五阅读解题步骤
七选五的考查形式是给考生呈现一篇缺了五句话的英语文章，并要求考生根据文章的结构、逻辑、上下文的内容选出相应的五句话填入空白处，将文章补充完整。具体的解题步骤有以下几点：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选选项，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常有四个位置：标题、句首、句中、句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。有时有的答案表述上就是错误的，可以直接从备选项中清除，以降低难度。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。一般说来，记叙文的语言是按时间发展顺序或因果关系排列的，常用的连接词有：then,
later,
after
that,
soon,
after
a
while,
in
the
end,
so,
as
a
result,
because
of
that等。说明文常采用总—分—总的结构形式，第一段说明要说明的主题，下面几段多是从不同的角度来说明问题，最后总结，所以各段之间多是平行关系，经常出现举例说明的现象。议论文先抛出议题，然后从正反两个方面进行讨论，最后得出结论。新闻体裁的应用文首句为主题句，下面展开细节性的报道。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，说明文和议论文这样体裁的文章，每段的第一句多是主题句。找到主题句有助于帮助确定选择的范围，即所选句子必须和该段主题一致。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。要真正体会句子间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中的衔接标志词。文章的衔接手段有：重复使用某一词语或子范畴的词语，使用同义语表达，用总称指代具体事物或用具体事物指代整体，使用代词避免重复等。上述方法有助于段落的平稳过渡，使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语连贯、融为一体。段落一致与句子衔接是文章连贯的两个必要因素。
步骤五：区分相似项七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项，会对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰，这时要特别细致地比对相似选项，方法和答阅读理解时区分相似项一样。
?步骤六：用代入法，检查答案是否合理。将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。
高考英语七选五阅读解题的十大技巧
技巧一：从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系
在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。
因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有as
a
result结果，thus/therefore因此，so
(such)...如此……以至于等。
技巧二：从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系
转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。
表示转折关系的连接词有：However然而,
nevertheless仍然，然而，不过,
nonetheless尽管如此，依然，然而,
still还；然而，
though可是，不过，然而,
yet然而,
in
spite
of不顾，不管,
at
any
rate无论如何，至少,
in
any
case无论如何，不管怎样,
whoever无论是谁,
whatever无论什么，on
the
contrary正相反,
in
contrast与此相反,
相比之下,
by
contrast相反,
相比之下,
in
comparison比较起来，比较地,
by
comparison相比之下,
conversely相反(地),
otherwise否则；除此以外，not…but不是……而是，as
well也等。
技巧三：从细节逻辑上判断——例证关系
前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。
技巧四：从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系
递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。
表示递进关系的连词有：also也,
而且,
further另外(的)；,
furthermore而且，此外，
likewise同样地，照样地；也，又，similarly相似地，类似地，
moreover而且再者，此外，
in
addition另外，加之，what’s
more更重要的是,
too也，还,
either也,
neither两者都不,
not
only…but
also不但……而且等。
技巧五：从细节逻辑上判断——平列关系
表示列举关系的有：first首先，第一；
second第二；third第三……；firstly第一，首先，
secondly第二(点)；其次，thirdly第三……；first第一，
next其次，then那么，
然后……；in
the
first
place第一，首先；in
the
second
place第二,，其次……；for
one
thing首先，一则，
for
another
thing其次……；to
begin
with首先，第一；
to
conclude首先，第一，等。
技巧六：从词汇线索上判断——代词
英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
技巧七：从词汇线索上判断——同义词/近义词
英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。
技巧八：从词汇线索上判断——上下义词/同一范畴词
上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。
技巧九：从试题位置上判断——问题在段首
假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
另外着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。
通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。
技巧十：从试题位置上判断——问题在段尾
所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。
段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,
as
a
result,
thus,
hence,
in
short,
to
sum
up,
to
conclude,
in
a
word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
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2中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
历年高考试题分项解析之专题七选五
1【2016·全国新课标I】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secret
codes
(密码)keep
messages
private。Banks,
companies,
and
government
agencies
use
secret
codes
in
doing
business,
especially
when
information
is
sent
by
computer.
People
have
used
secret
codes
for
thousands
of
years.
71
Code
breaking
never
lags(落后)
far
behind
code
making.
The
science
of
creating
and
reading
coded
messages
is
called
cryptography.
There
are
three
main
types
of
cryptography.
72
For
example,
the
first
letters
of
“My
elephant
eats
too
many
eels”
Spell
out
the
hidden
message
“Meet
me.”
73
You
might
represent
each
letter
with
a
number,
For
example,
Let’s
number
the
letters
of
the
alphabet,
in
order,
from
1
to
26.
If
we
substitute
a
number
for
each
letter,
the
message
“Meet
me”
would
read
“13
5
20
13
5.”
A
code
uses
symbols
to
replace
words,
phrases,
or
sentences.
To
read
the
message
of
a
real
code,
you
must
have
a
code
book.
74
For
example
“bridge“
might
stand
for
“meet”
and
“out”
might
stand
for
“me.”
The
message
“bridge
out”
would
actually
mean
“Meet
me.”75
However,
it
is
also
hard
to
keep
a
code
book
secret
for
long.
So
codes
must
be
changed
frequently.
A.
It?is?very?hard?to?break?a?code?without?the?code?book.
B
.In?any?language,?some?letters?are?used?more?than?others.
C.
Only?people?who?know?the?keyword?can?read?the?message.
D.As?long?as?there?have?been?codes,?people?have?tried?to?break?them.
E.You?can?hide?a?message?by?having?the?first?letters?of?each?word?spell?it?out.
F.With?a?code?book,?you?might?write?down?words?that?would?stand?for?other?words.
G.Another?way?to?hide?a?message?is?to?use?symbols?to?stand?for?specific?letters?of?the?alphabet.
2【2016·全国新课标II】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A
garden
that’s
just
right
for
you
Have
you
ever
visited
a
garden
that
seemed
just
right
for
you,
where
the
atmosphere
of
the
garden
appeared
to
total
more
than
the
sum(总和)
of
its
parts?
71
.
But
it
doesn’t
happen
by
accident.
It
starts
with
looking
inside
yourself
and
understanding
who
you
are
with
respect
to
the
natural
world
and
how
you
approach
the
gardening
process.
●___72
Some
people
may
think
that
a
garden
is
no
more
than
plants,
flowers,
patterns
and
masses
of
color.
Others
are
concerned
about
using
gardening
methods
that
require
less
water
and
fewer
fertilizers(肥料).
73
.
However,
there
are
a
number
of
other
reasons
that
might
explain
why
you
want
to
garden.
One
of
them
comes
from
our
earliest
years.
●Recall(回忆)your
childhood
memories
Our
model
of
what
a
garden
should
be
often
goes
back
to
childhood.
Grandma’s
rose
garden
and
Dad’s
vegetable
garden
might
be
good
or
bad,
but
that’s
not
what’s
important.
74
--how
being
in
those
gardens
made
us
feel.
If
you’d
like
to
build
a
powerful
bond
with
your
garden,
start
by
taking
some
time
to
recall
the
gardens
of
your
youth.
75
then
go
outside
and
work
out
a
plan
to
translate
your
childhood
memories
into
your
grown-up
garden.
Have
fun.
A.
Know
why
you
garden
B.
Find
a
good
place
for
your
own
garden
C.
It’s
our
experience
of
the
garden
that
matters
D.
It’s
delightful
to
see
so
many
beautiful
flowers
E.
Still
others
may
simply
enjoy
being
outdoors
and
close
to
plants
F.
You
can
produce
that
kind
of
magical
quality
in
your
own
garden,
too
G.
For
each
of
those
gardens,
writer
down
the
strongest
memory
you
have
3【2016·全国新课标III】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone
knows
that
fish
is
good
for
health.
71
But
it
seems
that
many
people
don’t
cook
fish
at
home.
Americans
eat
only
about
fifteen
pounds
of
fish
per
person
per
year,
but
we
eat
twice
as
much
fish
in
restaurants
as
at
home.
Buying,
storing,
and
cooking
fish
isn’t
difficult.
72
This
text
is
about
how
to
buy
and
cook
fish
in
an
easy
way.
73
Fresh
fish
should
smell
sweet:
you
should
feel
that
you’re
standing
at
the
ocean’s
edge.
Any
fishy
or
strong
smell
means
the
fish
isn’t
fresh.
74
When
you
have
bought
a
fish
and
arrive
home,
you’d
better
store
the
fish
in
the
refrigerator
if
you
don’t
cook
it
immediately,
but
fresh
fish
should
be
stored
in
your
fridge
for
only
a
day
or
two.
Frozen
fish
isn’t
as
tasty
as
the
fresh
one.
There?are?many?common?methods?used?to?cook?fish.??
75?
?First,
lean?it?and?season?it?with?your?choice?of?spices(调料).
Put?the?whole?fish?on?a?plate?and?steam?it?in?a?steam?pot?for?8?to?10?minutes?if?it?weighs?about?one?pound.
(A?larger?one?will?take?more?time.)
Then,
it’s?ready?to?serve.
A.
Do?not?buy?it.
B.
The?easiest?is?to?steam?it.
C.
This?is?how?you?can?do?it.
D.
It?just?requires?a?little?knowledge.
E.
The?fish?will?go?bad?within?hours.
F.
When?buying?fish,
you?should?first?smell?it.
G.
The?fats?in?fish?are?thought?to?help?prevent?heart?disease.
4【2016·北京】
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The
Science
of
Risk-Seeking
Sometimes
We
decide
that
a
little
unnecessary
danger
is
worth
it
because
when
we
weigh
the
risk
and
the
reward,
the
risk
seems
worth
taking.
71
Some
of
us
enjoy
activities
that
would
surprise
and
scare
the
rest
of
us.
Why?
Experts
say
it
may
have
to
do
with
how
our
brains
work.
The
reason
why
any
of
us
take
any
risks
at
all
might
have
to
do
with
early
humans.
Risk-takers
were
better
at
hunting,
fighting,
or
exploring.
72
As
the
quality
of
Risk-taking
was
passed
from
on
ration
to
the
next,
humans
ended
up
with
a
sense
of
adventure
and
a
tolerance
for
risk.
So
why
aren’t
we
all
jumping
out
of
airplanes
then?
Well,
even
200,000
years
ago,
too
much
risk-taking
could
get
one
Killed.
A
few
daring
survived,
though,
along
with
a
few
stay-in-the-cave
types.
As
a
result,
humans
developed
a
range
of
character
types
that
still
exists
today.
So
maybe
you
love
car
racing,
or
maybe
you
hate
it.
73
No
matter
where
you
are
on
the
risk-seeking
range,
scientists
say
that
your
willingness
to
take
risks
increases
during
your
teenage
years.
74
To
help
you
do
that,
your
brain
increases
your
hunger
for
new
experiences.
New
experiences
often
mean
taking
some
risks,
so
your
brain
raises
your
tolerance
for
risk
as
well.
Mean
taking
some
risks,
so
your
brain
raisers
your
tolerance
for
risk
as
well.
75
For
the
risk-seekers
a
part
of
the
brain
related
to
pleasure
becomes
active,
while
for
the
rest
of
us,
a
part
of
the
brain
related
to
fear
becomes
active.
As
experts
continue
to
study
the
science
of
risk-seeking,
we’ll
continue
to
hit
the
mountains,
the
waves
or
the
shallow
end
of
the
pool.
A.
It
all
depends
on
your
character.
B.
Those
are
the
risks
you
should
jump
to
take.
C.
Being
better
at
those
things
meant
a
greater
chance
of
survival.
D.
Thus,
these
well-equipped
people
survived
because
they
were
the
fittest.
E.
This
is
when
you
start
to
move
away
from
your
family
and
into
the
bigger
world.
F.
However,
we
are
not
all
using
the
same
reference
standard
to
weigh
risks
and
rewards.
G.
New
brain
research
suggests
our
brains
work
differently
when
we
face
a
nervous
situation.
5【2016·四川】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Both
men
and
women
are
living
longer
these
days
in
industrialized
countries.
71
In
general,
they
can
expect
to
live
six
or
seven
years
more
than
men.
One
reason
for
this
is
biological.
One
important
biological
factor
that
helps
women
live
longer
is
the
difference
in
hormones
between
men
and
women.
72
Between
the
ages
of
about
12
and
50,
women
produce
hormones
that
are
involved
in
fertility(生育能力).
These
hormones
also
have
a
positive
effect
on
the
heart
and
blood
flow.
In
fact,
women
are
less
likely
to
have
high
blood
pressure
or
to
die
from
heart
attacks.
73???They?help?the?body?defend?itself?against?some?kinds?of?infections.?This?means?that?women?generally?ger?sick?less?often?and?less?seriously?than?men.?The?common?cold?is?a?good?example:?women,?on?average,?get?fewer?colds?than?men.74????Scientists?are?still?not?exactly?sure?how?influence?aging,?but?they?believe?that?they?do.?Some?think?that?a?woman’s?body?cells?have?a?tendency(向)?to?age?more?slowly?than?a?man’s.?Others?think?that?a?man’s?body?cells?have?a?tendency?to?age?more?quickly.?75??
A．However,?women,?on?average,?live?longer.
B?.The?biological?factor?plays?an?important?part.
C.?Women?are?also?helped?by?their?female?genes.
D.?The?female?hormones?also?protect?the?body?in?another?way.
E.?Recent?research?seems?to?support?both?of?these?possibilities.
F.?Therefore,?women?are?more?healthy?than?men?and?can?live?a?better?life.
G.?Hormones?are?chemicals?which?are?produced?by?the?body?to?control?carious?body?functions.
6（2015年陕西）
第二节
情景对话（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据对话情境和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两个为多余选项。
Doctor:
Good
morning,
Sir.
71
Johnson:
Yes,
doctor.
I'm
always
tired
but
when
I
go
to
bed
I
can't
sleep.
Doctor:
72
Johnson:
Since
I
started
my
new
job
two
months
ago.
Doctor:
What
is
your
job
?
Johnson:
I’m
in
advertising.
73
Doctor:
It
depends.
How
many
hours
do
you
work?
Johnson:
About
80
hours
a
week
Doctor:
74
.
Do
you
often
take
exercise?
Johnson:
Not
very
often.
75
.
Doctor:
Well,
you
do
need
to
find
some
time.
Try
to
work
less,
or
look
for
a
more
stress-free
job.
A.
That's
a
lot!
B.
I
like
my
job.
C.
Does
it
matter?
D.
How
can
I
help
you?
E.
I
don't
have
the
time.
F.
What
time
do
you
usually
go
to
bed?
G..
How
long
have
you
had
this
problem?
7（2015年全国新课标I）
第二节
（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Building
Trust
in
a
Relationship
Again
Trust
is
a
learned
behavior
that
we
gain
from
past
experiences,
71
.
That
is
a
risk.
But
you
can’t
be
successful
when
there’s
a
lack
of
trust
in
a
relationship
that
results
from
an
action
where
the
wrongdoer
takes
no
responsibility
to
fix
the
mistake.
Unfortunately,
we’ve
all
been
victims
of
betrayal.
Whether
we’ve
been
suffer
from,
lied
to
,
misled,
or
cheated
on,
there
are
different
levels
of
losing
trust.
Sometimes
people
simply
can’t
trust
anymore,
72
.
It’s
understandable,
but
if
you’re
willing
to
build
trust
in
a
relationship
again,
we
have
some
steps
you
can
take
to
get
you
there.
?
73
having
confidence
in
yourself
will
help
you
make
better
choices
because
you
can
see
what
the
best
outcome
would
be
for
your
well-being.
?
74
If
you’ve
been
betrayed,
you
are
the
victim
of
your
circumstance.
But
there’s
a
difference
between
being
a
victim
and
living
with
a
“victim
mentality”.
At
some
point
in
all
of
our
lives,
we’ll
have
our
trust
tested
or
violated.
?
You
didn’t
lose
“everything”.
Once
trust
is
lost,
what
is
left?
Instead
of
looking
at
the
situation
from
this
hopeless
angle,
look
at
everything
you
still
have
and
be
thankful
for
all
of
the
good
in
your
life.
____75____
instead,
it’s
a
healthy
way
to
work
through
the
experience
to
allow
room
for
positive
growth
and
forgiveness.
A.
Learn
to
really
trust
yourself.
A.
It
is
putting
confidence
in
someone.
A.
Stop
regarding
yourself
as
the
victim.
A.
Remember
that
you
can
expect
the
best
in
return.
A.
Seeing
the
positive
side
of
things
doesn’t
mean
you’re
ignoring
what
happened.
A.
This
knowledge
carries
over
in
their
attitude
toward
their
future
relationships.
A.
They’ve
been
too
badly
hurt
and
they
can’t
bear
to
let
it
happen
again.
8（2015年全国新课标II）
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Training
for
a
marathon
requires
careful
preparation
and
steady,
gradual
increases
in
the
length
of
the
runs.
71
,
buy
the
best-fitting,
best-built
running
shoes
you
can
find.
No
one
can
say
which
brand
will
work
best
for
you
or
feel
best
on
your
feet,
so
you
have
to
rely
on
your
experience
and
on
the
feel
of
each
pair
as
you
shop.
When
you
have
found
shoes
that
seem
right,
walk
in
them
for
a
few
days
to
double-check
the
fit.
72
.
As
always,
you
should
stretch(伸展)
at
least
ten
minutes
before
each
run
to
prevent
injuries.
During
the
first
week,
do
not
think
about
distance,
but
run
five
minutes
longer
each
day.
___73___,
it
is
wise
to
take
a
day
off
to
rest.
But
during
the
next
week,
set
a
goal
of
at
least
a
mile
and
a
half
per
run.
74
.
After
two
weeks,
start
timing
yourself.
75
.
Depending
on
the
kind
of
race
you
plan
to
enter,
you
can
set
up
a
timetable
for
the
remaining
weeks
before
the
race.
A.
After
six
days
B.
For
a
good
marathon
runner
C.
Before
you
begin
your
training
D.
With
each
day,
increase
the
distance
by
a
half
mile
E.
If
they
still
feel
good,
you
can
begin
running
in
them
F.
Time
spent
for
preparation
raises
the
quality
of
training
G.
Now
you
are
ready
to
figure
out
a
goal
of
improving
distance
and
time
9（2015北京）
第二节（共
5
小题；每小题
2
分。共
10
分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。
This
Way
to
Dreamland
Daydreaming
means
people
think
about
something
pleasant,
especially
when
this
makes
them
forget
what
they
should
be
doing.
Daydreamers
have
a
bad
reputation
for
being
unaware
of
what’s
happening
around
them.
They
can
seem
forgetful
and
clumsy.
71
They
annoy
us
because
they
seem
to
be
ignoring
us
and
missing
the
important
things.
But
daydreamers
are
also
responsible
for
some
of
the
greatest
ideas
and
achievements
in
human
history.
72
Can
you
imagine
what
kind
of
world
we
would
have
without
such
ideas
and
inventions?
So
how
can
you
come
up
with
brilliant
daydreams
and
avoid
falling
over
tree
roots
or
otherwise
looking
like
a
fool?
First,
understand
that
some
opportunities(机会)
for
daydreaming
are
better
than
others.
Feeling
safe
and
relaxed
will
help
you
to
slip
into
daydreams.
73
And
if
you
want
to
improve
your
chances
of
having
a
creative
idea
while
you’re
daydreaming,
try
to
do
it
while
you
are
involved
in
another
task—preferably
something
simple,
like
taking
a
shower
or
walking,
or
even
making
meaningless
drawings.
It’s
also
important
to
know
how
to
avoid
daydreams
for
those
times
when
you
really
need
to
concentrate.
“Mindfulness”,
being
focused,
is
a
tool
that
some
people
use
to
avoid
falling
asleep.
___74___
Finally,
you
never
know
what
wonderful
idea
might
strike
while
your
mind
has
moved
slowly
away.
75
Always
remember
that
your
best
ideas
might
come
when
your
head
is
actually
in
the
clouds.
A.
Having
interesting
things
to
think
about
also
helps.
B.
They
stare
off
into
space
and
wander
by
themselves.
C.
Without
wandering
minds,
we
wouldn’t
have
relatively,
Coke
or
Post-it
notes.
D.
At
one
time,
daydreaming
was
thought
to
be
a
cause
of
some
mental
illnesses.
E.
It
involves
slow,
steady
breathing
for
self-control
that
helps
people
stay
calm
and
attentive.
F.
Daydreams
are
often
very
simple
and
direct,
quite
unlike
sleep
dreams,
which
may
be
hard
to
understand.
G.
Therefore,
it’s
a
good
idea
to
keep
a
notebook
or
voice
recorder
nearby
when
you’re
in
the
daydream
zone.
10（2014年全国课标I）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The
jobs
of
the
future
have
not
yet
been
invented.
71
By
helping
them
develop
classic
skills
that
will
serve
them
well
no
matter
what
the
future
holds.
1.
Curiosity
Your
children
need
to
be
deeply
curious.
72
Ask
kids,
“What
ingredients
(配料)can
we
add
to
make
these
pancakes
even
better
next
time?”
and
then
try
them
out.
Did
those
ingredients
make
the
pancakes
better?
What
could
we
try
next
time?
2.
Creativity
True
creativity
is
the
ability
to
take
something
existing
and
create
something
new
from
it.
73
There
are
a
dozen
different
things
you
can
do
with
them.
Experimenting
with
materials
to
create
something
new
can
go
a
long
way
in
helping
them
develop
their
creativity.
3.
Personal
skills
Understanding
how
others
feel
can
be
a
challenge
for
kids.
We
know
what’s
going
on
inside
our
own
head,
but
what
about
others?
Being
able
to
read
people
helps
kid
from
misreading
a
situation
and
jumping
to
false
conclusions.
74
“Why
do
you
think
she’s
crying?”
“Can
you
tell
how
that
man
is
feeling
by
looking
at
his
face?”
“If
someone
were
to
do
that
to
you,
how
would
you
feel?”
4.
Self
Expression
75
There
are
many
ways
to
express
thoughts
and
ideas
----
music,
acting,
drawing,
building,
photography.
You
may
find
that
your
child
is
attracted
by
one
more
than
another.
A.
Encourage
kids
to
cook
with
you.
B.
And
we
can’t
forget
science
education.
C.
We
can
give
kids
chances
to
think
about
materials
in
new
ways.
D.
We
can
do
this
in
real
life
or
ask
questions
about
characters
in
stories.
E.
Gardening
is
another
great
activity
for
helping
kids
develop
this
skill.
F.
So
how
can
we
help
our
kids
prepare
for
jobs
that
don’t
yet
exist?
G.
Being
able
to
communicate
ideas
in
a
meaningful
way
is
a
valuable
skill.
11（2014年全国课标II）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips
for
cooking
on
a
Tight
Schedule
From
my
experience,
there
are
three
main
reasons
why
people
don’t
cook
more
often:
ability,
money
and
time,
____71__Money
is
a
topic
I’ll
save
for
another
day.
So
today
I
want
to
give
you
some
wisdom
about
how
to
make
the
most
of
the
time
you
spend
in
the
kitchen.
Here
are
three
tips
for
great
cooking
on
a
tight
schedule:
1.
Think
ahead.
The
moments
when
I
think
cooking
is
a
pain
are
when
I’m
already
hungry
and
there
is
nothing
ready
to
eat.
So
think
about
of
the
coming
week.
When
will
you
have
time
to
cook?
Do
you
have
the
right
materials
ready?_____72___
2.
Make
your
time
worth
it.
When
you
do
find
time
to
cook
a
meal,
make
the
most
of
it
and
save
yourself
time
later
on.
Are
you
making
one
loaf
of
bread?
___73___
it
takes
around
the
same
amount
of
time
to
make
more
of
something.
So
save
yourself
the
effort
for
a
future
meal.
3.
???____74___
This
may
surprise
you,
but
one
of
the
best
tools
for
making
cooking
worth
your
time
is
experimentation.
It
gives
you
the
chance
to
hit
upon
new
ideas
and
recipes
that
can
work
well
with
your
appetite
and
schedule.
The
more
you
learn
and
the
more
you
try,
the
more
ability
you
have
to
take
control
of
your
food
and
your
schedule.
Hopefully
that
gives
you
a
good
start.
____75___
and
don’t
let
a
busy
schedule
discourage
you
from
making
some
great
changes
in
the
way
you
eat
and
live!
A.
Try
new
things.
B.
Ability
is
easily
improved.
C.
Make
three
or
four
instead.
D.
Understand
your
food
better.
E.
Cooking
is
a
burden
for
many
people.
F.
Let
cooking
and
living
simply
be
a
joy
rather
than
a
burden.
G.
A
little
time
planning
ahead
can
save
a
lot
of
work
later
on.
12(2014北京)
第二节（共
5
小题；每小题
2
分。共
10
分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Evaluating
Sources
(来源)
of
health
Information
Making
good
choices
about
your
own
health
requairs
reasonable
evaluation.
A
key
first
step
in
bettering
your
evaluation
ability
is
to
look
carefully
at
your
sources
of
healthy
information.
Reasonable
evaluation
includes
knowing
where
and
how
to
fins
relevant
information,
how
to
separate
fact
from
opinions,
how
to
recognize
poor
reasoning,
and
how
to
analyze
information
and
the
reliability
of
sources.
71
Go
to
the
original
source.
Media
reports
often
simplify
the
results
of
medical
research.
Find
out
for
yourself
what
a
study
really
reported,
and
determine
whether
it
was
based
on
good
science.
Think
about
the
type
of
study.
73
Watch
for
misleading
language.
Some
studies
will
find
that
a
behaviour
“contributes
to”
or
is
“associated
with”
an
outcome;
this
does
not
mean
that
a
certain
course
must
lead
to
a
certain
result.
73
Carefully
read
or
listen
to
information
in
order
to
fully
understand
it.
Use
your
common
sense.
If
a
report
seems
too
good
to
be
true,
probably
it
is.
Be
especially
careful
of
information
contained
in
advertisements.
74
Evaluate
“scientific”
statements
carefully,
and
be
aware
of
quackery(江湖骗术).
75
Friends
and
family
members
can
be
a
great
source
of
ideas
and
inspiration,
but
each
of
us
needs
to
find
a
healthy
lifestyle
that
works
for
us.
Developing
the
ability
to
evaluate
reasonably
and
independently
about
the
health
problems
will
serve
you
well
throughout
your
life.
A.
Make
choice
that
are
right
for
you.
B.
The
goal
of
an
ad
is
to
sell
you
something.
C.
Be
sure
to
work
through
the
critical
questions.
D.
And
examine
the
findings
of
the
original
research.
E.
Distinguish
between
research
reports
and
public
health
advice.
F.
Be
aware
that
information
may
also
be
incorrectly
explained
by
an
author’s
point
of
view.
G.
The
following
suggestions
can
help
you
sort
through
the
health
information
you
receive
from
common
sources.
13(2013年全国课标I)
第二节
（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Business
is
the
organized
approach
to
providing
customers
with
the
goods
and
services
they
want.
The
word
business
also
refers
to
an
organization
that
provides
these
goods
and
services.
Most
businesses
seek
to
make
a
profit（利润）—
that
is,
they
aim
to
achieve
income
that
is
more
than
the
costs
of
operating
the
business.
71
Commonly
called
nonprofits,
these
organizations
are
primarily
nongovernmental
service
providers.
72
Business
management
is
a
term
used
to
describe
the
techniques
of
planning,
direction,
and
control
of
the
operations
of
a
business.
73
One
is
the
establishment（制定）
of
broad
basic
policies
with
respect
to
production;
sales;
the
purchase
of
equipment,
materials
and
supplies;
and
accounting.
74
The
third
relates
to
the
establishment
of
standards
of
work
in
all
departments.
Direction
is
concerned
primarily
with
supervision（监管）and
guidance
by
the
management
in
authority.
75
A.
Control
includes
the
use
of
records
and
reports
to
compare
actual
work
with
the
set
standards
for
work.
B.
In
this
connection
there
is
the
difference
between
top
management
and
operative
management.
C.
Examples
of
nonprofit
business
include
such
organizations
as
social
service
agencies
and
may
hospitals.
D.
However,
some
businesses
only
seek
to
earn
enough
to
cover
their
operating
costs.
E.
The
second
aspect
relates
to
the
application
of
these
policies
by
departments.
F.
In
the
theory
of
business
management,
organization
has
two
main
aspects.
G.
Planning
in
business
management
has
three
main
aspects.
14(2013年全国课标II)
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能坡入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。
Public
Speaking
Training
·Get
a
coach
71
,
so
get
help.
Since
there
are
about
a
billion
companies
out
there
all
ready
to
offer
you
public
speaking
training
and
courses,
here
are
some
things
to
look
for
when
deciding
the
training
that's
right
for
you.
·Focus
on
positives
Any
training
you
do
to
become
more
effective
at
public
speaking
should
always
focus
on
the
positive
aspects
of
what
you
already
do
well.
Nothing
can
hurt
confidence
more
than
being
told
that
you
aren't
doing
well.
72
,
so
good
public
speaking
training
should
develop
those
instead
of
telling
you
what
you
shouldn't
do.
73
If
you
find
a
public
speaking
course
that
looks
as
though
it's
going
to
give
you
lots
of
dos
and
don'ts,
walk
away!
Your
brain
is
so
full
of
what
you're
going
to
be
talking
about.
74
.
As
far
as
we're
concerned,
there
are
basically
no
hard
and
fast
rules
about
public
speaking.
Your
audience
can
be
your
friends.
You
are
a
special
person
not
a
clone
Most
importantly,
good
public
speaking
training
should
treat
you
as
a
special
one,
with
your
own
personal
habits.
75
.
Your
training
course
should
help
you
bring
out
your
personality,
not
try
to
turn
you
into
someone
you're
not.
A.
You
aren't
like
anybody
else
B.
You
already
do
lots
of
things
well
C.
Turn
your
back
on
too
many
rules
D.
Check
the
rules
about
dos
and
don'ts
E.
Whatever
the
presentation,
public
speaking
is
tough
F
.The
one
thing
you
don't
want
is
for
them
to
fall
asleep
G.
So
trying
to
force
a
whole
set
of
rules
into
it
will
just
make
things
worse
15(2013年北京)
第二节（共
5
小题；每小题
2
分。共
10
分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Urbanization
Until
relatively
recently,
the
vast
majority
of
human
beings
lived
and
died
without
ever
seeing
a
city.
The
first
city
was
probably
founded
no
more
than
5,500
years
ago.
71_
.
In
fact,
nearly
everyone
lived
on
farms
or
in
tiny
rural
(乡村的)
villages.
It
was
not
until
the
20th
century
that
Great
Britain
became
the
first
urban
society
in
history—
a
society
in
which
the
majority
of
people
live
in
cities
and
do
not
farm
for
a
living.
Britain
was
only
the
beginning.
72_
.The
process
of
urbanization—
the
migration
(迁移)
of
people
from
the
countryside
to
the
city—
was
the
result
of
modernization,
which
has
rapidly
transformed
how
people
live
and
where
they
live.
In
1990,
fewer
than
40%
of
Americans
lived
in
urban
areas.
Today,
over
82%
of
Americans
live
in
cities.
Only
about
2%
live
on
farms.
73
.
Large
cities
were
impossible
until
agriculture
became
industrialized.
Even
in
advanced
agricultural
societies.
It
took
about
ninety-five
people
on
farms
to
feed
five
people
in
cities.
_74
.
Until
modern
times,
those
living
in
cities
were
mainly
the
ruling
elite(精英)
and
the
servants,
laborers
and
professionals
who
served
them.
Cities
survived
by
taxing
farmers
and
were
limited
in
size
by
the
amount
of
surplus
food
that
the
rural
population
produced
and
by
the
ability
to
move
this
surplus
from
farm
to
city.
Over
the
past
two
centuries,
the
Industrial
Revolution
has
broken
this
balance
between
the
city
and
the
country.
75_
.
Today,
instead
of
needing
ninety-five
farmers
to
feed
five
city
people,
one
American
farmer
is
able
to
feed
more
than
a
hundred
non-farmers.
A.
That
kept
cities
very
small.
B.
The
rest
live
in
small
towns.
C.
The
effects
of
urban
living
on
people
should
be
considered.
D.
Soon
many
other
industrial
nations
become
urban
societies.
E.
But
even
200
years
ago,
only
a
few
people
could
live
in
cities.
F.
Modernization
drew
people
to
the
cities
and
made
farmers
more
productive.
G.
Modern
cities
have
destroyed
social
relations
and
the
health
of
human
beings.
16（2013辽宁）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Forgiveness
To
forgive
is
a
virtue,
but
no
one
has
ever
said
it
is
easy.
When
someone
has
deeply
hurt
you,
it
can
be
extremely
difficult
to
let
go
of
your
hate.
However,
forgiveness
is
possible,
and
it
can
be
surprisingly
beneficial
to
your
physical
and
mental
health.
People
who
forgive
show
less
sadness,
anger
and
stress
and
more
hopefulness,
according
to
a
recent
research.
________71_______
Try
the
following
steps:
Calm
yourself.
________72_______
You
can
take
a
couple
of
breaths
and
think
of
something
that
gives
you
pleasure:
a
beautiful
scene
in
nature,
or
someone
you
love.
Don’t
wait
for
an
apology.
Many
times
the
person
who
hurt
you
does
not
intend
to
apologize.
They
may
have
wanted
to
hurt
you
or
they
just
don’t
see
things
the
same
way.
________73_______
Keep
in
mind
that
forgiveness
does
not
necessarily
mean
becoming
friends
again
with
the
person
who
upset
you.
Take
the
control
away
from
your
offender(冒犯者).
Rethinking
about
you
hurt
gives
power
to
the
person
who
causes
you
pain.
Instead
of
focusing
on
your
mounded
feelings,
learn
to
look
for
the
love,
beauty
and
kindness
around
you.
________74_______
If
you
understand
your
offender,
you
may
realize
that
he
or
she
was
acting
out
of
unawareness,
fear,
and
even
love.
You
may
want
to
write
a
letter
to
yourself
from
your
offender’s
point
of
view.
Don’t
forget
to
forgive
yourself.
________75_______
But
it
can
rob
you
of
your
self-confidence
if
you
don’t
do
it.
A.
Why
should
you
forgive?
B.
How
should
you
start
to
forgive?
C.
Recognize
the
benefits
of
forgiveness.
D.
Try
to
see
things
from
you
offender’s
angle.
E.
For
some
people,
forgiving
themselves
is
the
biggest
challenge.
F.
To
make
your
anger
die
away,
try
a
simple
stress-management
technique.
G.
If
you
wait
for
people
to
apologize,
you
could
be
waiting
an
awfully
long
time.
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