中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第一篇 高频词汇强化篇
第一部分 听力场景词汇
场景一:购物
brand
n.品牌
bargain
n.特价商品
color
n.颜色
counter
n.柜台
price
n.价格
receipt
n.收据
refund
n.退款
size
n.尺码
store
n.商店
style
n.样式
cheap
adj.便宜的
expensive
adj.昂贵的
deliver
v.传送
commodity
information商品信息
credit
card信用卡
department
store百货商店
in
fashion流行;时尚
in
stock有存货
out
of
fashion过时的
out
of
stock脱销/缺货
pay
in
cash用现金支付
pay
in
check用支票支付
shopping
center购物中心
shop
assistant店铺营业员
场景二:校园
assignment/homework
n.作业;家庭作业
course
n.课程
essay
n.论文
grade/mark
n.成绩
laboratory
n.实验室
playground
n.操场
presentation
n.课堂发言
subject
n.学科
scholarship
n.奖学金
stationery
n.文具
seminar
n.研讨班;研讨会
semester/term
n.学期
tuition
n.学费
absent
adj.缺席的
fail/pass
v.不及格/通过
graduate
v.毕业
register
v.注册
review/go
over复习
cut
a
class旷课
final
exam期末考试
场景三:图书馆
bookshelf
n.书架
librarian
n.图书管理员
magazine
n.杂志
novel
n.小说
periodical
n.(学术)期刊
borrow
v.借入
lend
v.把……借给(借出去)
pay
a
fine交罚款
library
card借书证
reference
book参考书;工具书
science
fiction科幻小说
场景四:餐馆
appetizer
n.开胃菜
bacon
n.培根
dessert
n.甜品
dressing
n.调料
hamburger
n.汉堡包
ketchup
n.番茄酱
pepper
n.胡椒
soup
n.汤
steak
n.牛排
wine
n.酒;红酒
chopsticks
n.筷子
fork
n.叉
knife
n.刀
spoon
n.勺子
plate
n.盘子
bill
n.账单
tip
n.小费
change
n.零钱
menu
n.菜单
treat
n.请客
canteen
n.食堂
restaurant
n.餐馆
order
v.点菜
serve
v.供应;端上
snack
bar小吃店
dining
hall餐厅
French
fries炸薯条
waiter/waitress
n.男/女服务生
delicious/yummy
adj.可口的
coffee
shop/cafe咖啡厅
go
Dutch
AA制
pay
the
bill付账
This
is
my
treat.我请客。
go
out
for
dinner/dinner
out/eat
out出去吃饭
场景五:医院
clinic
n.诊所
hospital
n.医院
treatment
n.治疗
doctor
n.医生
nurse
n.护士
physician
n.内科医生
surgeon
n.外科医生
medicine
n.药
cough
v.&
n.咳嗽
fever
n.发热
pain
n.疼痛
backache
n.背痛
headache
n.头痛
stomachache
n.胃痛
sore
throat喉咙痛
emergence
department急诊室
give
an
injection打针
emergent
treatment急救处理
have/catch
a
cold感冒
show
one’s
tongue伸出舌头
health
center保健中心
suffer
from受……苦
visiting
hours探视时间
write
a
prescription开处方
take
one’s
temperature/blood
pressure测量体温/血压
场景六:酒店
accommodation
n.住宿
reception
n.接待处
registration
n.登记
reservation
n.预订
suite
n.套间
reception
desk接待处
Identity/ID
card身份证
fill
out
a
form填表
check
in入住
check
out结账
double
room双人间
make
a
reservation预订房间
single
room单间
meals
included包括饮食
room
number房间号
room
key房间钥匙
room
service客房服务
vacant
room空房间
wake-up
call叫醒电话
场景七:天气
blizzard
n.暴风雪
storm
n.暴风雨
shower
n.阵雨
tornado
n.龙卷风
typhoon
n.台风
cloudy
adj.阴天的
overcast
adj.多云的
thunder
v.打雷
strong/high
winds大风
clear
up天空放晴
put
away
clothes收起衣服
场景八:电话
operator
n.电话接线员
a
busy
line电话占线
extension
six
two
six转626
collect
call受话人付费的电话
call
back
later一会回电话
hold
on/up稍等
long
distance
call长途电话
put
through接通电话
have
the
wrong
number打错电话了
场景九:职业
assistant
n.助手;助教
author
n.作家
architect
n.建筑师
artist
n.艺术家
barber
n.理发师
cashier
n.收纳员
chef
n.厨师
conductor
n.售票员;列车长
designer
n.设计师
editor
n.编辑
engineer
n.工程师
firefighter
n.消防员
guide
n.导游
journalist/reporter
n.记者
lawyer
n.律师
musician
n.音乐家
nurse
n.护士
psychologist
n.心理学家
principal
n.校长
professor
n.教授
postman
n.邮递员
policeman
n.警察
passenger
n.乘客
pianist
n.钢琴家
photographer
n.摄影师
receptionist
n.接待员
singer
n.歌手
scientist
n.科学家
typist
n.打字员
tailor
n.裁缝
ticket
seller售票员
full-time
job全职工作
part-time
job兼职工作
第二部分 阅读高频词汇
abundant
adj.大量的,丰富的,充裕的
abuse
n.滥用,妄用,虐待;辱骂vt.滥用,虐待,辱骂
academic
adj.学校的,学院的;学术性的
n.大学教师
accelerate
vt.
&
vi.(使)加快,
(使)增速;
促使……早日发生,促进
accomplish
v.完成,达到,实现
accumulate
v.积累,积聚,增加
accuracy
n.准确(性),精确(度)
accuse
v.控告,指责,指控
acknowledge
v.承认,告知
acquire
v.获得,学到,得到
adapt
v.使适应,使适合,改编
adequate
adj.充分的,足够的
adjustment
n.调整,调节,适应
admission
n.准入,接纳,入场费
adopt
v.收养,采用
adore
v.热爱,崇拜,很喜欢
adventure
n.冒险,奇遇
advertise
v.为……做广告
advocate
v.拥护,支持,提倡,鼓吹
affection
n.喜爱,钟爱,挚爱
agency
n.代理机构,经销处,代理处
allergic
adj.过敏的,厌恶的
allocate
v.分配,拨给
alternative
adj.可供替代的,可供选择的
n.供选择的东西,选择的余地
ambiguous
adj.模棱两可的
ambition
n.目标,野心,雄心
ambulance
n.救护车
ample
adj.足够的,丰裕的
analysis
n.分析,分析结果
analyze
v.分析
apparent
adj.显而易见的
applaud
v.鼓掌,赞许
applicant
n.申请人
approve
v.赞成,批准,通过
approximately
adv.近似地,大约地
arise
v.起来,升起,引起
arrogant
adj.傲慢的,自大的
aspect
n.方面,外观,外表
assess
v.评价,评定
assume
v.假定,假设,承担
assumption
n.假定,假设,担任
auditory
adj.听的,听觉的
authority
n.权威,当局
automatic
adj.自动的,无意识的,必然的
available
adj.可用的,可得到的,有空的
background
n.背景
bacteria
n.细菌
ban
n.禁令,禁止
v.禁止,取缔
bare
adj.裸露的,光秃秃的
barrier
n.屏障,障碍
battery
n.(蓄)电池(组)
bid
v.&
n.出价,喊价,投标
boom
v.繁荣,激增
bounce
v.使弹起,蹦,上下晃动
boycott
n.抵制,拒绝购买
brake
n.闸
v.刹(车)
breakthrough
n.突破
brochure
n.资料(或广告)手册
budget
n.预算
v.把……编入预算
adj.价格低廉的,花钱少的
calendar
n.日历
campaign
n.运动,战役
cancel
v.取消,撤销
candidate
n.候选人
career
n.职业;生涯;履历
casual
adj.偶然的,非正式的
category
n.种类,类别
cater
v.承办酒席,提供食物;满足需要
cautious
adj.小心的,谨慎的
ceremony
n.典礼,仪式
certificate
n.证明,证明书,文凭
citizenship
n.公民身份,公民的职责或权利
classify
v.把……分类,把……归类
comment
n.&vt.评论
commit
vt.犯(错误、罪行等)
complex
adj.复杂的,难以理解的
compulsory
adj.强制的,必须做的,义务的
confirm
v.证实,证明,确认,使坚定
consistent
adj.始终如一的,一致的
consume
vt.消耗,耗费
contradiction
n.反驳,矛盾
convey
v.运输,传送,表达,传递
cooperate
vi.(常与with连用)合作
cope
v.(成功地)处理,对付
cope
with应付,对付,克服
correspond
v.通信,符合
cosy
adj.舒适的,密切的
courageous
adj.勇敢的,有胆量的
deadline
n.最后期限,截止日期
decline
v.减少,下降,衰退,谢绝,婉拒
delay
v.耽搁,延迟
n.耽误,延迟
departure
n.出发,离开
deposit
vt.放下,(把钱)存入银行
detect
v.侦查,探测
discourage
v.使……气馁
discrimination
n.歧视
dispose
v.去掉,处理;布置,安排
disrespectful
adj.失礼的,无礼的
disrespectfully
adv.失礼地,无礼地
dominate
v.支配,占优势
drunken
adj.醉的,酗酒的
eco-friendly
adj.对环境无害的;环保的
efficiently
adv.有效率地,效率高地
emergency
n.紧急情况或状态
emphasize
vt.强调,着重
enlarge
v.增大,扩大
enquire
v.询问
ensure
v.确保,保证
enthusiastic
adj.热情的
evaluate
v.评估,评价
evident
adj.明显的,显然的
evolution
n.演变,进化
evolve
v.进化,发展,进展
expand
v.扩大,增加,扩展
explore
v.探险,探究,探索,考察,勘察
export
v.&n.出口,输出
extension
n.扩大,延伸,电话分机
extent
n.长度,面积,范围,程度,限度
facility
n.设备,设施
fascinate
v.深深吸引;迷住
feature
n.特征,容貌,特色,特写
v.以……为特色
federal
adj.联邦政府的
finance
n.资金,财政,金融
v.提供资金
fit
into适合
flexible
adj.易弯曲的,柔韧的,灵活的
forecast
v.预告
fulfil
v.实现,执行,使满意
furnish
v.布置家具;供应
generate
v.产生,引起
globe
n.地球仪,球体,地球
grasp
v.抓住,紧握,领会,理解
gratitude
n.感激,感恩
guarantee
v.&
n.保证,担保
handle
v.处理,应付
hardship
n.困难
highlight
v.强调,突出
hook
v.使(钩)住,挂住
n.钩,钓钩
horizon
n.地平线,眼界
identity
n.身份,本体,一致,同一性
illegal
adj.非法的
migration
n.移民
income
n.收入;所得
indicate
v.表明,显示
insert
v.插入
n.(书面的)插页,广告附加页
instant
adj.立即的,立刻的
n.瞬间,片刻
insurance
n.保险,保险费
insure
v.给……保险,为……投保
intelligence
n.智力,情报
interval
n.间隔,幕间休息
loyal
adj.忠实的,忠诚的
maximum
adj.最高的,最大限度的
modernize
vt.使现代化
mood
n.心情;情绪;语气
motive
n.动机,目的
nickname
n.绰号,诨名
noble
adj.高尚的,贵族的
obstacle
n.障碍,阻碍
offending
adj.令人不安的,烦人的
optimistic
adj.乐观的;乐观主义的
optional
adj.可选择的;选修的
outstanding
adj.杰出的,突出的,显著的
outweigh
vt.比……更重要,超过
participate
v.(in)参与,参加
perseverance
n.坚持不懈
persevere
v.坚持
phenomenon
n.现象
philosophy
n.哲学,人生哲学
portable
adj.轻便的,手提的,便携的
postpone
v.延迟,推迟
previous
adj.先前的;以往的
profit
n.利润,益处
v.获益
prohibit
v.禁止,阻止
promote
v.促进,提升
proverb
n.谚语
punctual
adj.守时的,准时的
pursue
v.追求,致力于
quit
v.停止,离开,离任
racial
adj.人种的;种族的
range
n.幅度,范围;排;山脉
v.在某范围内变动
recommendation
n.推荐信,介绍,介绍信
reference
n.参考
register
n.登记表
v.登记,注册
relevant
adj.紧密相关的,切题的
reliable
adj.可信赖的;可依靠的
relief
n.轻松,宽慰;减轻
remote
adj.遥远的,偏僻的
reputation
n.名气,声誉
resemble
v.看起来像,显得像
reservation
n.保留,预订
resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,抗……的
resolve
v.解决;决定,表决
response
n.回答,反应,响应
restriction
n.限制,约束
romance
n.浪漫故事,浪漫史,恋情
sacrifice
n.牺牲,献身,祭品
sensible
adj.明智的
sensitive
adj.敏感的,善解人意的
shorten
vt.缩短,使变短
shrink
v.收缩,(使)皱缩,缩短
snatch
v.抢走
strategy
n.策略
storage
n.贮藏,存储,储藏室
swear
v.宣誓,发誓
target
n.目标,靶子
v.以……为目标
tear
vt.扯破,撕破
n.眼泪
tempt
v.诱惑,引诱
tend
vt.照料,照顾,招待,侍候
vi.易于,倾向
tendency
n.倾向,趋势
tolerance
n.宽容,忍受
trace
vt.跟踪,追踪;追溯;探索
n.踪迹;痕迹;形迹
transform
v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质),使改观
transmit
v.发射;广播;传播;传导;传(热、声等)
transparent
adj.透明的,显然的
transplant
vt.移植,移种
transport
vt.运输,运送
n.交通车辆;运输工具
trustworthy
adj.可信赖的,可靠的
typical
adj.典型的,有代表性的
unconditional
adj.无条件的,无限制的,绝对的
unconscious
adj.昏迷的,不省人事的
undertake
v.承担,从事,负责
unemployment
n.失业,失业状态
uninhabited
adj.无人居住的,杳无人迹的
unrest
n.动荡,动乱
urban
adj.城市的
urge
v.敦促,催促,力劝,主张
urgent
adj.急迫的,紧急的
vacant
adj.空缺的,未被占用的,茫然的
vain
adj.自负的,自视过高的,徒劳的
valid
adj.有效的;有根据的;(正式)认可的
vehicle
n.交通工具,车辆
via
prep.经由,通过,经
violate
vt.违犯,违反,侵犯
virtue
n.美德
visa
n.签证
visual
adj.视觉的
vital
adj.极其重要的,必不可少的
well
balanced
adj.很均衡的,头脑清醒的
wisdom
n.智慧
withdraw
v.撤回,撤离,收回
witness
n.目击者,证人
v.目击,目睹,亲身经历
worthy
adj.有价值的,可敬的
wrap
vt.包,裹
第三部分 完形填空常用词汇
admit
v.承认,准许进入
anxiety
n.担忧,焦虑,渴望
appearance
n.出现,露面,外表,外观
appoint
v.任命,委任,安排,指定,约定
appreciate
v.欣赏,感激,理解
appreciation
n.欣赏,感激,理解
approach
n.途径,方法,方式
v.靠近,接近
assist
v.帮助,协助,援助
attach
v.系,贴,连接,使依附,使依恋
awkward
adj.令人尴尬的
bitter
adj.有苦味的,心酸的
blame
n.&v.责备,责怪,埋怨
bravery
n.勇气
broad
adj.宽的,宽大的
burden
n.重担,负担
v.使担负
calm
adj.镇静的,沉着的,平静的
challenge
n.挑战(性)
v.向……挑战
chance
n.机会,可能性
change
n.零钱,改变
v.改变,更换,兑换
cheat
n.&
v.骗取,哄骗,作弊
cheerful
adj.兴高采烈的,快活的
choice
n.选择,抉择
circumstance
n.条件,环境,状况,情况
clap
v.拍手,鼓掌
n.拍手
colleague
n.同事
combine
v.使联合,使结合
comfort
n.安慰,慰问
v.安慰,慰问,慰藉
compare
v.比较,对比
concentrate
v.集中,聚精会神
concentration
n.专心;专注
conclusion
n.结论,推论,结局
condition
n.条件,状况,境况,状态
confuse
v.使迷惑,混淆,使混乱,搞乱
consequence
n.结果,后果
consider
v.仔细考虑,认为
continue
v.继续,延续
contribute
v.贡献,捐献,投稿
contribution
n.贡献
convenient
adj.便利的,方便的
correct
adj.正确的,对的,恰当的
v.改正,纠正
courage
n.勇气,胆略,胆量
cover
n.盖子,罩,封面
v.覆盖,遮盖,走过,占(多少面积、时间),采访,报道
crazy
adj.疯狂的,热衷的,精神失常的
crowd
n.人群,一群
v.拥挤,涌上(心头)
cure
v.治疗,治愈
n.疗法,药方
curious
adj.好奇的
custom
n.风俗,习俗
decade
n.十年(期)
decide
v.决定,决断
decision
n.决定,决心
deed
n.行为,事迹,行动
defend
v.防守,保卫,辩护
delighted
adj.高兴的,愉快的
deliver
v.传送,递送,发表,发布
demand
v.需要,强烈要求
depend
v.取决于,信赖,依靠
describe
v.描写,描述,叙述
description
n.描述,形容
design
v.设计,策划
n.图案,图样
desperate
adj.绝望的,极严重的,孤注一掷的
destroy
vt.破坏,毁坏
determine
v.决定,确定
dig
v.挖,掘
digest
v.消化,领会
direct
v.指导,指挥,导演
direction
n.方向,方位,指示
disappointedly
adv.失望地
disappointment
n.失望,沮丧
discover
v.发现
discovery
n.发现
disturb
v.扰乱,打扰,使焦虑
draw
v.绘画,拉,拖,提取(金钱)
drop
v.掉下,落下,顺便造访,使下落
n.滴,下跌,下降
eagerly
adv.渴望地,热切地
earn
v.挣得,赚得,赢得
embarrass
v.使窘迫,使尴尬
empty
adj.空的
v.(使)变空
energy
n.精力,能量
enter
v.进入,参加,输入
entertainment
n.娱乐
envy
v.&
n.忌妒,羡慕
equal
adj.平等的
v.等于,与……匹敌
n.同等的人,相等的事物
equipment
n.装备,设备
escape
v.&n.逃跑,逃脱
eventually
adv.最终地
expect
v.预料,盼望,认为
experiment
n.实验
v.做实验
explain
v.解释,说明
explanation
n.解释
extra
adj.额外的,外加的
adv.特别
extremely
adv.极其,非常
fade
v.(使)褪色,逐渐消失
failure
n.失败,失败的人(或事物)
faith
n.信仰,信念,信心
familiar
adj.熟悉的
forbid
v.禁止,不许
forgive
v.原谅,宽恕
forgiveness
n.原谅,宽恕
form
n.表格,形式,结构
v.形成,建立
fortunately
adv.幸运地
fortune
n.财产,运气
free
adj.自由的,免费的
freedom
n.自由
freeze
v.结冰,停住不动
frequently
adv.经常地
function
n.&
v.作用,功能,运转
gain
v.赢得,挣得,获得
n.利益
game
n.游戏,运动,比赛项目
gather
v.聚集
generally
adv.大体上
generous
adj.慷慨大方的,宽厚的
goal
n.(足球)球门,目标
gratefully
adv.感激地,感谢地
greedy
adj.贪婪的
greet
v.问候,向……打招呼
guilty
adj.有罪的,犯法的,内疚的
habit
n.习惯
hand
v.递,给,交付,交上
n.手,指针,帮忙
head
v.率领,加标题,出发,(船等)驶向
hire
v.租用,雇用
n.租借
hold
v.拿,抱,握住,举行,进行
n.抓,握,拿
honest
adj.诚实的,正直的
honesty
n.诚实,正直
however
adv.然而
innocent
adj.天真无邪的,清白的
inspire
v.鼓舞,激励
instead
adv.代替,顶替
instruction
n.说明,须知
interview
n.&
v.采访,会见,面试
manner
n.方式,态度,举止,礼貌
march
n.游行,行进,行军
minor
adj.较小的;次要的
n.未成年人;辅修科目
mix
v.混合,混淆
move
v.移动,搬动,搬家,使感动
n.行动,移动
nature
n.自然界,性质,本性,天性
nervous
adj.紧张不安的
noisy
adj.喧闹的,嘈杂的
normal
adj.正常的
n.正常(状态)
note
n.便条,笔记,音符,音调,注释,钞票,纸币
v.记下,记录,注意
notice
v.注意到
n.布告,通知,注意
observe
v.观察,看到,注意到,遵守,庆祝
operation
n.手术,操作
otherwise
adv.要不然,否则,在其他方面
owe
v.欠(债等),归功于
painful
adj.痛的,痛苦的
pass
n.通行证
v.传,经过
patience
n.耐心
patiently
adv.耐心地
pattern
n.式样
positive
adj.乐观的,确信的,积极的,肯定的,正的
possess
v.占有,拥有
poster
n.招贴画,广告,海报
potential
adj.潜在的,可能的
n.可能性,潜在性,潜能
power
n.权力,势力,动力,电力,军事强国
practical
adj.实际的,实用的
praise
v.&
n.赞扬,表扬
predict
v.预言,预告,预测
prediction
n.预言,预测
pressure
n.压力,压强
preview
v.预展,预演
n.预演,预映
pride
n.自豪(感),骄傲
principle
n.原理,原则,信条
produce
v.生产,制造,展现
progress
n.进步,前进
v.进展,进行
publish
v.出版,发行,公布,发表
pull
v.拉,拖
n.拉力,引力
punish
v.惩罚,处罚
quarrel
v.争吵,吵架
n.口角
quiet
adj.安静的,寂静的
rank
n.军衔;地位;级别
read
v.读,了解,写着
recite
v.背诵
reject
v.拒绝
n.次品
repeat
v.重说,重做
reply
v.&
n.回答,答复
requirement
n.需要,要求
rescue
v.&
n.营救,援救
research
n.研究,调查
respond
v.作答,响应
responsibility
n.责任,职责
responsible
adj.有责任的,负责的
review
v.回顾,复习,重新调查
n.复习,复查,评论
rule
n.规则,规定
v.统治,支配
run
v.跑,管理,经营,运转,流动
satisfaction
n.满意
scene
n.场景,布景,现场,景色
scientific
adj.科学的
seize
v.抓住(时机等),夺取,抢占
select
v.选择,挑选,选拔
sense
n.感觉,意识,判断力,感官
v.感觉到
shelter
n.掩蔽,隐蔽处
v.掩蔽,庇护
shock
v.使震惊
n.吃惊,休克
sorrow
n.悲伤,伤心,伤心事
sorry
adj.难过的,懊悔的
spiritual
adj.精神的,心灵的
spread
v.延伸,展开,散布,蔓延,传开
stage
n.舞台,阶段
stand
n.看台,摊位,立场
v.站立,忍受,持久
stick
v.粘住,坚持
strength
n.力量,力气,强项,长处
suitable
adj.合适的,适宜的
suspect
n.嫌疑犯
v.怀疑……有罪
sympathy
n.同情,赞同,支持
significant
adj.有重大意义的;显著的
skeptical
adj.怀疑的
talent
n.天才,天赋,才能
terrible
adj.可怕的,极度的,严重的
therefore
adv.因此,所以
thus
adv.如此,因而,这样
tiny
adj.极小的,微小的
touch
v.触摸,接触,触动,感动
trust
n.&
v.相信,信任
wave
v.挥手,挥动,波动
n.波浪
wise
adj.英明的,有见识的,有智慧的
第四部分 熟词新义
A
1.able(熟义:adj.会做某事的)
My
brother
is
a
very
able
teacher.(adj.有才智的;有才能的)
2.absorb(熟义:v.吸收)
I
haven’t
really
had
time
to
absorb
everything
that
the
boss
said.
(v.理解;掌握)
3.account(熟义:n.账目)
There
are
several
accounts
of
the
story
in
the
newspaper.
(n.报告;叙述)
4.ache(熟义:v.&
n.疼痛)
The
boy
was
aching
for
a
gift.(v.渴望)
5.act(熟义:v.行动)
The
brakes
wouldn’t
act,so
there
was
an
accident.(vi.起作用)
6.address(熟义:n.地址
v.写姓名地址)
Professor
Li
is
due
to
address
a
speech
on
how
to
protect
the
environment
this
Friday.
(vt.演说;演讲)
The
president
should
be
addressed
as
“Mr.
President”.
(v.称呼)
The
article
addresses
the
problems
of
children’s
disease.(v.处理)
7.advance
(熟义:v.&
n.前进;推进)
She
asked
for
an
advance
on
her
salary.(n.预付款)
8.affect
(熟义:v.影响)
They
were
deeply
affected
by
the
news
of
her
death.
(v.感情上深深打动)
Be
careful
not
to
be
affected
with
H7N9.
(v.疾病侵袭;使感染)
9.against(熟义:prep.逆着,反对;倚,靠;碰;与……竞争)
The
picture
looks
nice
against
the
white
wall.
(prep.映衬;以……为背景)
10.age(熟义:n.年龄)
The
death
of
his
wife
caused
him
to
age
fast.
(v.使变老)
11.air(熟义:n.空气;空中)
The
show
will
be
aired
at
8
pm
this
Sunday.
(v.播出;播送)
Don’t
air
your
troubles
too
often.
(v.公开表达)
The
headmaster’s
speech
gave
the
meeting
a
heated
air.
(n.气氛)
12.allow
(熟义:v.允许)
You’re
allowed/given
an
hour
to
complete
the
test.
(v.给予)
13.alone
(熟义:adv.单独地;一个人地)
We
alone
should
determine
what
is
right
for
us.
(adv.仅仅;只有)
14.announce
(熟义:v.宣布)
She
announced
that
she’d
given
up
smoking.
(v.宣称)
15.arm
(熟义:n.胳膊)
He
armed
himself
with
sticks
and
stones.
(v.武装)
16.attend(熟义:v.出席;参加)
She
hadn’t
been
attending
during
the
lesson.
(v.注意;专心)
B
1.badly(熟义:adv.坏)
The
boy
badly
wants
a
new
bike.
(adv.非常;迫切)
2.balance(熟义:n.&
v.平衡)
The
balance
on
your
account
is
$5.(n.余额)
She
tries
to
balance
home
life
and
her
career.(v.同等重视)
3.back(熟义:adv.&
n.后面)
If
you
back
your
car
out
of
the
driveway,I
can
get
mine
in.
(v.使倒退)
The
union
leader
decided
to
back/support
the
government
in
its
action.(v.支持)
4.beat(熟义:v.敲打;击败)
When
I
heard
the
news,my
heart
was
beating
faster
than
usual.(v.心脏跳动)
5.blanket(熟义:n.毯子)
The
whole
village
was
blanketed/covered
with
heavy
snow.
(v.以厚层覆盖)
6.blue(熟义:adj.&
n.蓝色)
What
makes
you
feel
so
blue?(adj.忧伤的)
7.board(熟义:n.木板;布告牌
n.&
v.登上(交通工具))
He
sits
on
the
hospital
management
board.
(n.委员会)
In
our
school,the
students
board
during
the
week
and
go
home
at
weekends.(v.在校寄宿)
8.bridge(熟义:n.桥)
He
did
much
to
bridge
the
gulf
between
himself
and
his
desk-mate.
(v.消除)
9.build(熟义:v.建设)
The
athlete
has
a
solid
build.(n.身材;体形)
C
1.capital(熟义:n.首都,首府;资本)
Please
write
in
capitals.(n.大写字母)
2.case(熟义:n.情况;状况)
This
is
a
case
of
fever.(n.病例;案例)
3.casual(熟义:adj.偶然的;随意的)
He
was
employed
as
a
casual
laborer.
(adj.临时的)
4.catch
(熟义:v.接住;明白)
I
feel
terrible,because
I
have
caught
a
bad
cold.(v.染上疾病)
He
was
caught
stealing
in
the
shop.(v.当场发现)
5.cause(熟义:v.导致)
For
the
cause
of
revolution,he
did
not
fear
to
die.(n.事业;目标)
6.celebrate
(熟义:vt.庆祝)
Many
heroes
are
celebrated
by
the
poets.(v.称颂;赞扬)
7.cell(熟义:n.细胞)
A
cell
is
a
room
for
one
prisoner
in
prison.
(n.单间牢房)
8.certain(熟义:adj.确定的;无疑的)
Certain
basic
rules
must
be
obeyed.
(adj.某些)
9.chance(熟义:n.机会)
I’m
not
sure
of
winning
the
speech
contest,but
let
me
take
a
chance.(n.冒险)
I
chanced/happened
to
be
passing
when
she
fell
and
hurt
herself.
(v.碰巧)
10.charge
(熟义:v.&
n.负责;收费;指控)
If
the
light
is
on,the
battery
is
on
charging.(v.充电)
11.circle(熟义:n.圆;圆形)
The
plane
continued
to
circle
the
airport,waiting
for
permission
to
land.(v.在……上空盘旋)
12.class(熟义:n.班级)
They
are
the
leading
class
in
our
country.
(n.阶级;阶层;等级)
13.clean
(熟义:adj.干净的)
Keep
the
jokes
clean
please!(adj.文明的)
14.cloudy(熟义:adj.阴的;多云的)
The
liquid
is
rather
cloudy.(adj.浑浊的;不透明的)
15.conclude(熟义:v.推论出,下结论)
The
team
attempts
to
conclude
this
project
on
time.
(v.终止;结束)
16.count(熟义:n.&
v.计算;数数)
There
are
10
people
in
the
classroom
counting
two
teachers.(vt.包括)
It
is
the
gifts
that
count.(v.重要)
17.cost(熟义:v.花费
n.费用;成本;代价)
Joe’s
brave
action
cost
him
his
life.(v.使丧失;使损失)
18.course(熟义:n.课程;进程)
Our
dinner
consisted
of
three
courses
only.(n.一道菜)
19.cover(熟义:v.覆盖)
We
have
got
to
cover
20
miles
before
dark.(v.走完一段路)
How
many
pages
have
you
covered?(v.看完多少页书)
The
discussion
covered
a
wide
range
of
subjects.(v.涉及)
His
story
was
covered
in
China
Daily.(v.报道)
Here
is
5
pounds,which
should
cover
all
your
expenses.
(v.足以支付;够付)
20.cross(熟义:v.跨越;横穿)
She
wore
a
small
gold
cross
on
a
chain
around
her
neck.
(n.十字架物品)
D
1.deal
(熟义:v.处理;解决)
Having
been
cheated
in
a
business
deal,he
was
reduced
to
nothing.(n.交易)
2.decline(熟义:v.下降;减少)
The
kind
shopkeeper
offered
the
boys
some
coffee,but
they
declined.(v.婉言拒绝)
3.deposit(熟义:v.把钱等存入银行)
She
deposited
a
pile
of
books
on
my
desk.(v.放下;放置)
4.desert(熟义:n.沙漠)
He
deserted
his
wife
and
children
and
went
abroad.
(v.抛弃;遗弃)
5.develop(熟义:v.发展;开发;研制)
Did
you
have
the
films
developed?(v.冲印)
develop
a
disease(v.患病)
6.difficult(熟义:adj.困难的)
You
must
get
the
permission
of
your
difficult
grandmother
before
getting
married.(adj.难以取悦的)
7.digest(熟义:v.消化
n.文摘)
I
struggle
to
digest
the
opinion.(v.理解;领悟)
8.dismiss(熟义:v.解雇;开除)
He
did
his
best
to
dismiss
the
thought.(v.不予考虑)
9.down(熟义:adv.向下;在下面)
I
have
been
down
ever
since
I
heard
the
news.(adj.情绪低落的)
10.drive(熟义:v.驾驶)
Hunger
drove
her
to
steal.(v.迫使)
We
watched
Dad
drive
the
nail
into
the
wall.(v.将……砸入)
E
1.easy(熟义:adj.容易的;安逸的)
She’s
an
easy
target
for
the
criticisms.(adj.易受攻击的)
2.employ(熟义:v.雇用)
The
police
employed
force
to
open
the
door.(v.利用;使用)
3.encourage(熟义:v.鼓励;激励)
Burning
the
field
is
to
encourage
new
plant
growth.(v.促进;助长;刺激)
4.engaged(熟义:adj.已订婚的)
As
a
student,he
is
engaged
in
various
school
activities.(v.忙于;从事于)
I
can’t
get
through,for
her
line
is
engaged.(adj.电话线被占用的)
5.enter(熟义:v.进入)
He
entered
for
an
English
contest.(v.报名参加)
to
enter
data
into
a
computer(v.输入)
6.equal(熟义:adj.相等的;平等的)
He
is
equal
to
the
task
of
running
a
large
department.(adj.胜任的)
7.escape(熟义:v.逃跑;逃脱)
His
name
escapes
me
for
the
moment.(v.被忘掉;被忽视)
8.express(熟义:v.表达)
Is
there
an
express
from
Nanjing
to
Shanghai?(n.特快列车)
9.exploit(熟义:v.开发;开采;剥削)
He
exploited
his
father’s
name
to
get
himself
a
job.(v.利用)
10.extend(熟义:v.扩大;使扩展;使伸长)
He
extended
his
hand
to
the
new
employees.(v.展开)
11.eye(熟义:n.眼睛)
A
surgeon
need
a
good
eye
and
a
steady
hand.(n.视力)
F
1.fail(熟义:v.失败)
He
failed
to
keep
the
appointment.(v.未做)
He
is
failing
in
health./His
health
is
failing.(v.衰退;衰弱)
Words
failed
me
to
describe
my
feeling.(v.使……无能为力)
2.fancy(熟义:adj.想象的;奇幻的;昂贵的)
He
has
a
fancy
for
cycling.(n.爱好;迷恋)
He
fancied
himself
as
an
authority.(v.自认为是)
3.fast(熟义:adj.&adv.快的/地)
He’s
fast
asleep.(adv.完全地)
4.fine(熟义:adj.美好的;很棒的;晴朗的)
There’s
a
fine
distinction
between
the
meanings
of
the
two
words.(adj.难以描述的)
The
driver
will
be
fined
if
he
parks
the
car
there.(v.罚款)
5.fix(熟义:v.固定;安装;修理)
I’ll
fix
a
meeting.(v.安排)
Has
the
date
of
the
next
meeting
been
fixed?(v.确定)
6.follow(熟义:v.跟着;仿效)
He
spoke
so
fast
that
I
couldn’t
follow
what
he
said.(v.理解;明白)
Why
didn’t
you
follow
my
advice?(v.听从;接受)
7.foreign(熟义:adj.外国的;外交的)
The
subject
is
foreign
to
me.(adj.陌生的)
8.freeze(熟义:v.结冰;凝固)
The
smile
froze
on
her
lips.(v.停住;僵住)
9.free(熟义:adj.自由的;免费的)
We
opened
both
doors
to
allow
a
free
flow
of
air
through
the
building.(adj.无阻碍的;畅通的)
Most
of
us
hope
to
live
a
life
free
from
pollution.(adj.不受……伤害或影响的)
10.fresh(熟义:adj.新鲜的)
There
is
a
shortage
of
fresh
water
on
the
island.(adj.淡的;无盐的)
G
1.given(熟义:adj.规定的)
We
can
find
out
how
much
money
is
spent
on
food
in
any
given
period.(adj.特定的)
2.go(熟义:v.去;变得)
It
goes
by
electricity.(v.机器运行;运转;工作)
Did
everything
go
smoothly?(v.进展)
The
story
goes
that
she
has
been
married
5
times.(v.故事发生情况如何)
3.grade(熟义:n.年级)
He
got
excellent
grades
in
exams.(n.成绩;等级)
He
graded
the
students
according
to
ability.(v.分等级;给分数)
4.ground(熟义:n.地面)
Did
the
police
have
reasonable
grounds
to
arrest
him?
(n.理由)
fertile
ground
for
planting
crops(n.土壤)
H
1.heavy(熟义:adj.重的)
The
traffic
today
is
especially
heavy.(adj.在程度等方面比一般严重的)
2.height(熟义:n.高度;身高)
He
is
at
the
height
of
his
career.(n.顶点)
3.hit(熟义:v.击中;打击)
The
film
American
Dreamz
in
China
was
quite
a
hit
of
that
year.(n.成功;红极一时的人或事)
4.hold(熟义:v.握住;抓住;抱住)
The
stadium
holds
8,000
people.(vt.容纳)
5.hot(熟义:adj.炎热的)
We’re
waiting
for
the
hot
news
on
the
election
results.
(adj.最新的)
She
is
one
of
Hollywood’s
hottest
young
directors.
(adj.走红的)
6.hungry(熟义:adj.饥饿的)
Students
are
hungry
for
knowledge.(adj.渴望得到)
7.head(熟义:n.头;首领)
We
decided
to
head
back
home.(v.朝……方向前进)
I
1.identify(熟义:v.鉴定;说明身份)
Scientists
have
identified
a
link
between
diet
and
cancer.
(v.找到;发现)
2.ill(熟义:adj.生病的;坏的;不良的)
The
animals
were
ill
treated.(adv.恶劣地)
3.inspire(熟义:vt.激励;鼓舞)
Her
work
didn’t
exactly
inspire
me
with
confidence.
(v.使产生(感觉或情感))
His
best
music
was
inspired
by
the
memory
of
his
mother.
(v.启发)
4.interest(熟义:n.兴趣)
He
acquired
interests
in
a
number
of
mines
in
this
area.
(n.股份)
5.introduce(熟义:v.介绍)
We
want
to
introduce
the
latest
teaching
methods
into
schools.(v.推行)
6.invite(熟义:v.邀请)
His
policies
invited
widespread
criticism.(v.招致;导致)
J
1.jump(熟义:v.&
n.跳)
Prices
jumped
by
70%
last
year.(v.突升;猛涨)
2.just(熟义:adv.正好;恰好)
I
can
just
imagine
his
reaction.(adv.完全地;真正地)
K
1.keep(熟义:v.保持;保留)
Your
coffee
shop
seems
to
be
well
kept.(v.经营;开设)
He
needs
more
money
to
keep
his
wife
and
children.(v.养活)
Everyone
must
keep
the
law.(vt.遵守)
2.key(熟义:n.钥匙;答案)
The
key
to
success
is
preparation.(n.关键)
3.kill(熟义:v.杀掉;害死)
With
time
to
kill,
he
took
a
cab
to
the
centre.(v.消磨(时间))
My
feet
are
killing
me.(v.使痛苦/使疼痛)
L
1.labour(熟义:n.劳动)
a
shortage
of
labour(n.劳动力)
2.last(熟义:adj.最后的v.延续;够用(多久))
He
is
the
last
person
to
tell
a
lie.(adj.最不可能的)
3.late(熟义:adj.&
adv.迟到的/地;晚的/地)
She
missed
her
late
husband
very
much.(adj.已故的)
4.lay(熟义:v.放置;产卵;下蛋)
The
project
is
intended
to
lay
the
groundwork
for
future
research.(v.筹划;准备)
5.life(熟义:n.生活)
The
children
are
full
of
life.(n.活力;生命力)
6.lift(熟义:v.抬高
n.搭便车)
Being
in
the
sunlight
all
day
really
lifted
my
spirits.(v.使某人开心;使更愉快)
7.long(熟义:adj.长;久)
I’m
longing
to
see
you
again.(v.渴望)
8.look(熟义:v.看)
There
is
an
excited
look
on
his
face.(n.表情)
She
kept
her
looks
even
in
her
old
age.(n.吸引人的相貌)
9.lose(熟义:v.失去;丢掉)
Please
hurry!My
watch
loses
10
minutes.(v.(钟表)慢(与gain相对))
M
1.make(熟义:v.制造;使)
We
can
make
10
more
kilometers
by
nightfall.(vt.前进)
She
would
make
a
good
teacher—she
is
so
patient.(v.成为)
2.map(熟义:n.地图
v.绘制……的地图)
It
is
now
possible
to
map
the
different
functions
of
the
brain.(v.了解信息)
3.mark(熟义:v.做标记;留下痕迹;评分)
This
speech
may
mark
a
change
in
government
policies.(v.表明;是……的迹象)
4.match(熟义:n.比赛;火柴)
No
one
can
match
him
in
English.(v.匹配;比得上)
5.mean(熟义:v.意思是;意味着)
It’s
mean
of
you
to
speak
ill
of
others.(adj.不善良)
6.message(熟义:n.信息;口信)
The
film
sends
a
clear
message
about
the
dangers
of
drug-taking.(n.教训)
7.monitor(熟义:n.班长;(电脑)显示器;监视器)
They
have
to
monitor
the
robots
and
the
production.(v.监控)
8.must(熟义:v.一定;肯定)
Her
new
novel
is
a
must
for
all
lovers
of
crime
fiction.(n.必须的物品;不可缺少的东西)
N
1.nobody(熟义:pron.没有人)
He
wants
to
be
famous.He
is
tired
of
being
a
nobody.(n.小人物)
2.novel(熟义:n.小说)
He
found
a
novel
solution
to
the
problem.(adj.新颖的)
3.nothing(熟义:pron.没什么;无物;无)
We
did
nothing
at
the
weekend.(pron.毫无趣味的事)
O
1.open(熟义:v.开
adj.开着;打开的)
They
left
the
matter
open.(adj.(问题,议事等)未决定的)
2.operate(熟义:v.机器运转工作;做手术)
Illegal
drinking
clubs
continue
to
operate
in
the
city.(v.经营;营业)
3.observe(熟义:v.注意到;察觉到)
Do
they
observe
Christmas
Day
in
this
country?
(v.庆祝;庆贺)
4.order(熟义:n.命令;顺序;整齐)
He
ordered
a
book
from
the
publisher.(v.订购)
P
1.pain(熟义:n.疼痛)
It’s
a
pain
having
to
go
all
that
way
for
just
one
meeting.
(n.讨厌的事)
2.pay(熟义:v.付钱;给某人报酬)
He
has
done
something
wrong.He
will
pay
for
it.(v.付出代价)
3.park(熟义:n.公园;庭院
v.停车)
She
parked
herself
on
the
edge
of
the
bed.(v.坐下)
4.perform(熟义:v.表演;表现)
The
doctor
performed
a
very
successful
operation
on
the
wounded
boy.(v.做)
He
performed
his
duty
well
in
his
job.(v.履行)
5.picture(熟义:n.图片;形象;样子;描绘
v.描绘;想象)
The
overall
picture
for
farming
is
encouraging.(n.状况;情形;形势)
6.position(熟义:n.位置;职位)
What’s
your
position
on
the
problem?(n.立场;观点)
7.practice(熟义:v.&n.实践;练习)
It’s
his
practice
to
read
newspapers
during
breakfast.(n.惯例)
8.promise(熟义:v.&
n.许诺)
The
dark
clouds
promise
rain.(v.预示;使很可能)
9.press(熟义:v.压)
If
pressed,he
will
admit
that
he
knew
about
the
matter.(v.逼迫)
R
1.raise(熟义:v.提高;饲养)
We
had
to
raise
money
for
our
project.(v.筹集)
Cloning
has
raised
some
people’s
objection.(v.引起)
2.rate(熟义:n.比率;速度)
Goods
in
that
shop
are
sold
at
a
high
rate.(n.价格)
3.reach(熟义:v.到达;抵达)
I
could
not
reach
him
by
phone
this
morning.(v.与……取得联系)
4.read(熟义:v.阅读)
I
didn’t
read
my
mother’s
thoughts
at
that
time.(v.理解;领会)
5.reason(熟义:n.原因
v.推理;推断)
Only
human
beings
are
capable
of
reason.(n.思考力;理解力)
6.reduce(熟义:v.减少)
a
reducing
plan(v.节食)
7.regard(熟义:v.看作;当作)
Please
give
my
regards
to
your
parents.(n.问候;致意)
8.repair(熟义:v.&
n.修理)
It’s
too
late
to
repair
the
damage
done
to
their
relationship.
(v.补救;弥补)
9.return(熟义:v.回来;归还)
Do
you
want
a
single
or
a
return?(n.往返票)
10.rest(熟义:v.&
n.休息)
She
rested
her
head
on
his
shoulder.(v.把……倚靠在)
11.rich(熟义:adj.有钱的;富有的)
a
rich
chocolate
dessert(adj.油腻的)
rich
agricultural
land(adj.肥沃的)
a
country
with
rich
natural
resources(adj.丰富的)
12.round(熟义:prep.&
adv.环绕;围着
adj.圆形的)
We
are
losing
the
game
in
the
last
round
due
to
our
carelessness.(n.回合;局;轮;场)
13.run(熟义:v.跑)
My
father
runs
a
fruit
shop.(vt.经营;管理)
S
1.safe(熟义:adj.安全的)
He
is
a
safe
man.You
can
depend
on
him.(adj.谨慎的)
2.say(熟义:v.说)
Say
that
war
breaks
out,what
will
you
do?(v.假设)
3.see(熟义:v.看见)
The
past
few
decades
have
seen
great
changes
in
our
hometown.(v.为……发生的时间)
4.set(熟义:adj.确定的
v.放置;确定
n.一套)
The
novel
is
set
in
London
in
the
1960s.(v.以……为背景)
5.shape(熟义:n.形状)
He
has
been
in
a
lot
better
shape
since
he
changed
his
diet.(n.状况)
His
generation
firmly
believed
they
could
shape
the
future.
(v.影响)
6.shoulder(熟义:n.肩膀)
Young
people
should
learn
to
shoulder
the
duty.(v.承担)
7.somebody(熟义:pron.某人)
She
thinks
she
is
really
somebody
in
that
car.
(pron.有一定地位的人物)
8.sound(熟义:n.声音)
It
is
important
to
have
a
sound
body.(adj.健全的)
My
wife
is
a
sound
sleeper.(adj.酣畅的;香甜的)
9.spare(熟义:adj.多余的;备用的;空余的
v.吝惜;拨出;抽出)
Use
the
telephone
and
spare
you
a
visit.(v.免除;省得)
10.spring(熟义:n.春天;泉)
Tom
sprang
out
of
bed
and
ran
downstairs.(v.猛然跳起)
11.stand(熟义:v.站立;忍受)
There
is
a
newspaper
stand
at
the
corner.(n.货摊;售货亭)
12.still(熟义:adv.仍然;还)
When
taken
photos
of,one
should
keep
still.(adj.静止的;不动的)
13.strength(熟义:n.力气)
Each
of
us
has
our
own
strengths
and
weaknesses.(n.强项;长处;优点)
14.strike(熟义:n.袭击;罢工)
It
struck
me
that
we
might
have
made
the
wrong
decision.(v.让某人觉得)
15.succeed(熟义:v.成功)
He
will
succeed
his
father
as
manager
of
the
shop.(v.接替)
Jim
has
just
succeeded
a
large
fortune
from
his
uncle.(v.继承)
16.sharp(熟义:adj.锋利的;锐利的)
Please
come
here
at
seven
o’clock
sharp.(adv.用于时间词语后,表示准时,……整)
I
felt
a
sharp
pain
in
my
stomach.(adj.剧烈的)
17.suit(熟义:n.套装)
A
good
teacher
suits
his
lessons
to
the
age
of
his
pupils.
(v.使适合)
T
1.taste(熟义:v.品尝;尝出……的味道)
While
she
was
in
Paris,she
developed
a
taste
for
fine
art.(n.爱好)
2.team(熟义:n.队;组)
Only
when
we
team
up
with
each
other
can
we
make
great
progress
in
study.(v.与某人一起工作;合作)
3.tear(熟义:n.眼泪)
He
was
angry
and
tore
the
letter
into
pieces.(v.撕)
4.tell(熟义:v.告诉)
Time
will
tell
whether
I
made
the
right
choice.(v.说明;显示)
No
one
can
tell
what
will
happen
in
the
future.(v.说出;判断)
5.tie(熟义:v.栓;系)
They
tied
with
the
visiting
team
in
the
game.(v.打成平局)
6.tight(熟义:adj.紧身的;紧紧的)
We
have
a
very
tight
budget
recently.(adj.手头拮据的)
I
can’t
see
you
next
week
because
the
schedule
is
very
tight.(adj.时间紧的)
7.touch(熟义:n.&
v.接触;触摸)
What
he
said
really
touched
my
heart.(v.感动;触动)
8.treat(熟义:v.对待;处理;治疗)
I’ll
treat
you
to
an
ice-cream.(v.款待;请客)
It’s
my
treat
this
time.(n.款待)
U
undertake(熟义:v.承担;从事)
He
undertook
to
finish
the
job
by
Friday.(v.承诺;允诺;答应)
V
1.vehicle(熟义:n.交通工具)
Art
may
be
used
as
a
vehicle
for
propaganda.(n.手段;工具)
2.voice(熟义:n.声音)
Matthew
voiced
some
doubts
about
our
plan.(v.表达;吐露)
3.view(熟义:n.观点;风景)
How
do
you
view
the
problem?(vt.看待)
W
1.walk(熟义:v.&
n.行走;步行)
I
recognized
him
by
his
walk.(n.步态)
I’ll
walk
you
to
the
bus
stop.(v.陪某人走;护送某人走)
2.wander(熟义:v.漫游;游荡;漫步)
Don’t
wander
from
the
point.(v.走失)
His
mind
began
to
wander.(v.走神;神志恍惚;思想开小差)
3.warm(熟义:adj.温暖的)
Smile
is
like
sunshine
which
warms
people
who
are
in
sadness.(v.使暖和;使温暖)
4.wear(熟义:v.穿,戴)
The
girl
always
wears
a
happy
smile.(v.流露;面带)
This
material
wears
well.(v.耐磨;耐用)
5.weigh(熟义:v.称……的重量;重达)
The
fruit
is
so
thick
that
it
weighs
down
the
branches.(v.压弯)
6.will(熟义:v.表将来或意愿)
Where
there
is
a
will,there
is
a
way.(n.意志力;意愿)
My
father
left
me
the
house
in
his
will.(n.遗嘱)
7.work(熟义:v.&
n.工作;劳动)
My
plan
worked,
and
I
got
them
to
agree.(v.起作用;奏效)
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35中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第二篇 主题语境分类篇好词、好句、好篇
一、学校生活
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
absence缺席;attitude态度;education教育;effort努力;experience经历,经验;graduation毕业,毕业典礼;permission许可,允许;progress进步;speech演讲;outline提纲,要点
学习过程:analyze
vt.分析;
assignment
n.作业;creativity
n.创造性;comprehension
n.理解;explanation
n.解释；
instruction
n.教导,指导；;presentation
n.呈现;summarize
vt.概括,总结学习结果：
achievement
n.成绩,成就,功绩;diploma
n.毕业文凭,学位证书;qualification
n.资格；
scholarship
n.奖学金
动词
apply申请,应用;debate辩论;discuss讨论;follow跟随,理解;offer提供;praise表扬;refer参考,查阅;require需要;admit
招收,接纳,承认;hesitate
犹豫
形容词
absent缺席的,不在的;brief简短的;confident自信的;patient有耐心的;present出席的,在场的
高频短语
hand
sth.
in(to
sb.)提交/上交某物(给某人);put
forward提出;participate
in参加;keep
sth.
up(不断练习以)保持某事物,坚持下去;keep
up
with跟上,保持同步,与……并驾齐驱;make
preparations
for为……做准备;be
occupied
with忙于;make
up
one’s
mind做出决定;keep...in
mind记住……;keep/maintain
a
balance
between保持……和……之间的平衡;be
enthusiastic
about
对……充满热情;join
the
team
加入到队伍中;be
invited
to
被邀请
校园活动:after-school
activities课外活动;graduation
ceremony毕业典礼;opening
ceremony开学典礼;photography
club摄影俱乐部;social
practice社会实践考试评估:cheat
in
the
exam考试作弊;fail
the
exam
考试不及格;get
high/full
marks
得高分/满分;make
up
the
exam
补考；
pass/get
through
the
exam
通过考试
教学过程:ask
for
leave
请假;be
absent
from
缺席;drop
out
of
the
school辍学;skip
the
class
逃课
经典句式
1.(2017北京)After
a
heated
discussion,
we
agreed
on
making
a
video
to
record
our
experiences
at
school.经过热烈的讨论,我们同意制作一段视频来记录我们的学校生活。2.(2017北京)The
students
and
teachers
shared
a
great
time.
That
surely
gave
us
a
great
sense
of
achievement.学生和老师们分享着这一辉煌时刻,这无疑给我们一种巨大的成就感。3.(2017天津)I’m
very
busy
with
my
lessons
now,
for
the
College
Entrance
Examination,
which
is
very
important
to
me,
is
coming.我现在忙于功课,因为(大学)入学考试就要到来,它对我来说十分重要。4.(2016北京)A
week
before
Earth
Day,
posters
were
put
up
around
our
school,
calling
upon
us
to
join
in
the
actions
for
a
greener
earth.
在地球日前的一个星期,我们学校周围张贴了海报,号召我们加入到绿色地球的行动中去。5.(2015广东)Our
class
also
has
problems
of
its
own,
of
which
the
most
obvious
one
is
the
students’
laziness.我们班也有自身具有的问题,其中最明显的是学生的懒惰。6.(2015湖南)As
a
student,
I
can
tell
you
that
there
is
nothing
better
than
being
praised
by
my
teacher
before
my
classmates.作为学生,我可以告诉你没有什么比老师在同学面前表扬我更好的了。7.(2015湖南)As
a
result,
it
was
his
encouragement
that
led
to
my
success.结果,正是他的鼓励促成了我的成功。8.Firstly,
as
a
student,
the
most
important
thing
is
to
study,
so
it
is
necessary
for
all
of
you
to
build
an
effective
method
in
your
study.首先,作为一名学生,最重要的是学习,因此你们所有人都有必要找到有效的学习方式。9.We
are/feel
honoured
to
have
you
here
in
our
English
Week
Activities.您能来参加我们的英语周活动,我们深感荣幸。10.With
so
many
new
things
to
learn,
I
was
overcome
by
fear
and
was
at
a
loss
what
to
do.
有这么多东西要学,我感到恐惧,不知道该做什么。
必背范文
(2018课标全国Ⅱ)你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知,请大家观看一部英文短片Growing
Together,内容包括:1.短片内容:学校的发展;2.放映时间、地点;3.欢迎对短片提出意见。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵NoticeDear
schoolmates,It
is
a
great
honor
1. (代表)our
school
to
inform
you
that
we’ll
invite
you
to
see
an
English
short
film
named
Growing
Together,
2. (它是关于我们学校发展的).?We
have
arranged
that
the
short
film
will
be
on
show
from
16:00
to
17:00
3. (在我们学校剧院)
tomorrow.
Don’t
4. (错过参加的机会)
this
collective
activity.?I
5.
hope
you
can
give
us
some
valuable
suggestions
about
the
short
film.
Please
give
your
feedback
in
time
and
contact
us
6. (在你方便的时候).?Students’
Union
答案 1.to
be
on
behalf
of/to
represent 2.which
is
about
the
development
of
our
school 3.at
our
school
theater
4.miss
the
chance
of
taking
part
in 5.do 6.at
your
convenience/when
it
is
convenient
for
you
二、人际关系
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
apology
道歉,歉意;argument
争论,辩论;comfort
安慰,慰藉;congratulation
祝贺,恭贺;consideration
考虑;favour
(美favor)
恩惠,帮助;greeting问候,致意;harmony
融洽,和睦;invitation邀请,请帖;sympathy
同情
和谐的人际关系:accompany
vt.陪同,陪伴;appreciate
vt.欣赏,感激;associate
vt.联系,交往;consult
vt.
请教,商量;
cooperate
vi.合作;enthusiastic
adj.热情的;merciful
adj.宽大的,仁慈的;
precious
adj.珍贵的;respect
vt.&
n.尊重;share
vt.分享,共同使用;sincere
adj.真诚的不和谐的人际关系:barrier
n.屏障,障碍;blame
vt.责备,指责;bother
v.打扰,麻烦;complain
v.
抱怨;condemn
vt.
谴责,指责,宣判;conflict
n.冲突;fight
n.&
v.打架,打斗;hurt
n.&
v.伤害;tolerance
n.忍受
动词
apologize
道歉,谢罪;argue
争辩,争论;
communicate
沟通,传达(感情、信息等);
disagree不一致,持不同意见;embarrass
使窘迫,使尴尬;forgive
原谅,宽恕;misunderstand
误会,误解;persuade
说服,劝说;quarrel
争吵,吵架;trust
相信,信任,信赖;improve
提高;miss
想念
形容词
admirable
值得赞赏的,可钦佩的;considerate
体贴的;friendly
友好的;grateful
感激的,表示感谢的;harmonious和谐的;modest
谦虚的,谦逊的;polite
有礼貌的,客气的;reliable
可信赖的,可依靠的
高频短语
communicate
with与……交流;be
concerned
about关心,挂念;be
in
harmony
with与……和谐相处;be
ready
to
help
others乐于助人;fit
in与……合得来;depend/rely
on依靠,相信,信赖;feel
encouraged
by
被……鼓舞;get
along相处融洽;keep
one’s
word/promise守信用,遵守诺言;put
up
with忍受,容忍;share...with...与……分享……
和谐的人际关系:be
on
good
terms
with
sb.与某人关系好;have...in
common有共同之处;make
up
和解不和谐的人际关系:be
bored
with厌烦;be
fed
up
with受够了;be
to
blame对……负有责任;break
up绝交,分手
经典句式
1.(2015陕西)I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
give
me
a
kind
consideration.
如果你能考虑我,我将不胜感激。2.(2015重庆)If
you
could
provide
more
information,
I
would
be
grateful.
如果你能提供更多的信息,我将不胜感激。3.(2015陕西)I
am
sure
that
I
can
perfectly
live
up
to
your
expectations.
我相信我一定不会辜负您的期望。4.(2015广东)The
most
obvious
problem
with
our
class
is
lack
of
interaction
and
teamwork.我们班级最明显的问题是缺乏沟通和团队精神。5.(2015湖南)After
learning
what
situation
I
was
in,
my
teacher,
Michael
encouraged
me
to
step
out
of
trouble
bravely
and
confidently.得知我的情况后,我的老师Michael鼓励我勇敢自信地走出困境。6.(2014重庆)I
suggest
we
should
communicate
with
our
friends
face
to
face
instead
of
sending
text
messages
so
that
we
can
maintain
our
friendship.我建议我们应该与朋友面对面交流而不是发送信息,以便能够保持我们的友谊。
经典句式
7.Time
permitting,
I
expect
to
have
more
spare
time
to
spend
with
my
friends
so
that
we
can
have
a
better
relationship.时间允许的话,我希望有更多的业余时间和朋友一起度过,这样我们的关系会更好。8.On
behalf
of
our
school,
I
would
like
to
express
our
warm
welcome
to
you.
我代表我们学校向您表示热烈的欢迎。9.Feeling
quite
sorry
for
that,
I
begin
to
think
about
what
to
do
to
help.由于对这件事情感到十分抱歉,我开始考虑做些事情来帮忙。10.Not
until
I
was
chosen
monitor
of
my
class
in
my
senior
school
did
I
realize
the
importance
of
cooperating
with
others.直到高中时我被选为班长我才意识到与他人合作的重要性。
必背范文
(2017天津)假设你是李津,与你以前的外籍教师Mrs.
Green一直保持联系。近日她来信询问你的近况,请根据以下提示给她回复一封邮件。(1)简要介绍自己的学习和生活;(2)告知你已成为八月底在津举办的第十三届全运会的志愿者,并介绍为此所做的准备(如深入了解天津等);(3)希望她有机会重访天津。注意:(1)词数不少于100;(2)可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯;(3)开头已给出,不计入总词数。参考词汇:第十三届全运会the
13th
National
GamesDear
Mrs.
Green,I’m
so
glad
to
hear
from
you.
?
? Yours,Li
Jin
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵Dear
Mrs.
Green,I’m
so
glad
to
hear
from
you.
I’m
writing
1. (告诉你我近来的生活和学习).
I
am
very
busy
with
my
lessons
now,
for
the
College
Entrance
Examination,
2.
(它对我很重要),
is
coming.
Every
day,
I
have
to
spend
most
of
my
time
studying.
As
a
result,
I
don’t
have
enough
time
to
take
exercise.
What’s
worse,
I
don’t
3. (和父母、朋友充分交流).?By
the
way,
I
am
now
a
volunteer
for
the
13th
National
Games,
which
will
be
held
at
the
end
of
August
in
Tianjin.
In
order
to
be
a
qualified
volunteer,
I
have
to
4. (提高自我)by
reading
some
books
about
Tianjin
so
as
to
know
more
about
it.?I
5. (十分想念你)!Will
you
please
pay
a
visit
to
Tianjin
again
so
that
we
may
meet
again??Looking
forward
to
seeing
you
a
second
time.Yours,Li
Jin
答案 1.to
tell
you
something
about
my
life
and
study
in
recent
days 2.which
is
very
important
to
me 3.communicate
a
lot
with
my
parents
or
friends 4.improve
myself 5.miss
you
very
much
三、语言学习
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
correction
改正;course
过程,课程;culture
文化;difficulty
困难,费力;explanation
解释,说明;grammar
语法;knowledge
知识,学问;
shortcoming
缺点,短处;speech
演讲;target
目标;vocabulary
词汇,
词汇表;weakness
弱点,缺点,不足
学习过程:classify
vt.将……分类;
dictation
n.听写;drill
n.&
v.训练,操练;enlarge
vt.扩大;enrich
vt.使丰富;
practise
v.练习;pronounce
vt.发音;
recite
vt.背诵;retell
vt.复述;scan
vt.浏览;skim
v.略读;spell
vt.拼写;translate
v.翻译学习结果:abundant
adj.丰盛的,充裕的;accurate
adj.准确的,精确的;exact
adj.精确的,确切的;excellent
adj.极好的,优秀的;perfect
adj.完美的,极好的;precise
adj.准确的,精确的,确切的;standard
adj.标准的;wonderful
adj.精彩的,令人惊叹的
动词
absorb
吸收,使全神贯注;accomplish
完成;accumulate
积累,积聚;explain
解释,说明;grasp
理解,领会;master
精通,掌握;overcome
克服,解决
形容词
different
不同的,有差异的;difficult困难的,不易相处的;fluent
流利的,流畅的;puzzled
迷惑的,困惑的;specific
明确的,具体的,独特的;total
总的,完全的;weak不擅长的,能力弱的;puzzling令人迷惑的
高频短语
because
of由于,因为;come
up
with想出,提出;develop
one’s
interest
培养某人的兴趣;enlarge/expand
one’s
vocabulary
扩大某人的词汇量;form
the
habit
of
reading
养成阅读习惯;have
a
good
command/knowledge
of精通;insist
on
坚持;keep/bear...in
mind
记住……;learn...by
heart
背诵,记住;look
up
查阅;make
use
of利用,使用;up
to到达(某数量、程度等);refer
to/consult
a
dictionary查字典;set/take/write/note
down写下,记下
学习过程:English
learning
experience
英语学习经验;improve
one’s
ability
of...提高某人的……能力;memorize
as
many
words
as
you
can尽量多记单词;practise
one’s
oral/spoken
English
练习某人的口语学习结果:translate...into
把……翻译成;pick
up
(偶然)得到,听到,学会
经典句式
1.(2017课标全国Ⅰ)Poetry
of
the
Tang
Dynasty
is
a
symbol
of
traditional
Chinese
literature
playing
an
important
part
in
Chinese
culture,
so
it’s
necessary
for
you
to
have
a
good
knowledge
of
it.
唐诗是中国传统文化的象征,在中国文化中起到举足轻重的作用,因此你有必要精通唐诗。2.(2015天津)I’m
very
glad
that
there
are
so
many
American
students
loving
Chinese.我很高兴有这么多美国学生喜欢汉语。3.(2015四川)Speaking
and
listening
are
of
great
importance
for
language
learning,
by
which
you
are
sure
to
make
great
progress.说和听对于语言学习来说很重要,通过说和听你肯定会取得巨大进步。4.(2015天津)Actually,
to
help
you
learn
Chinese
well,
we
will
donate
300
books
which
are
all
about
Chinese
history
to
your
class.实际上,为了帮助你们学好汉语,我们将要给你们班级捐赠300本关于中国历史的书籍。5.(2015湖北)If
we
are
in
the
habit
of
raising
doubts
as
to
whether
what
we
are
told
is
true,
we
can
find
the
correct
answer
and
learn
more.如果养成质疑别人告诉我们的事情是否正确的习惯,我们就能找到正确答案并学到更多。6.(2015四川)Learning
Mandarin
takes
time,
so
if
you
want
to
learn
it
well,
you
should
spend
much
time
practicing
Mandarin
every
day.学习普通话会花费时间,所以,如果想要学好它,你应该每天花很多时间练习说普通话。7.Today,
more
and
more
English
words
find
their
way
into
the
Chinese
language.
Some
people
support
it
while
others
do
not.当今,越来越多的英语单词出现在汉语中。有些人支持,然而有些人反对。8.I
couldn’t
memorize
the
new
words;nor
could
I
speak
English
fluently.我记不住这些生词,也不能流利地讲英语。9.It
is
my
honour
to
be
here
to
share
my
opinions
on
what
to
learn
in
senior
high
school
with
you.能在这儿和大家一起交流高中学习什么的看法,我感到十分荣幸。
必背范文
(2017课标全国Ⅰ)假定你是李华,正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括:1.时间和地点;2.内容:学习唐诗;3.课前准备:简要了解唐朝的历史。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵Dear
Leslie,I
am
writing
to
tell
you
my
plan
for
the
coming
Chinese
lesson.
I’ve
decided
to
teach
you
poetry
of
the
Tang
Dynasty
in
Room
101,
Building
1
at
8
am
on
Wednesday,
1. (它将要持续两个小时).
Poetry
of
the
Tang
Dynasty
is
a
symbol
of
Chinese
traditional
literature
and
plays
an
important
part
in
Chinese
culture,
so
it’s
necessary
for
you
2. (精通它).
Besides,
in
order
to
learn
poetry
of
the
Tang
Dynasty
well,
you’d
better
get
some
information
about
the
Tang
Dynasty
before
class.?Would
you
tell
me
if
it’s
convenient
for
you?Furthermore,
3. (当你遇到迷惑不解的问题时),
don’t
hesitate
to
turn
to
me.?Yours,Li
Hua
答案 1.which
will
last
two
hours 2.to
have
a
good
knowledge
of
it 3.when
you
meet
with
some
puzzling
questions
四、文化习俗
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
activity活动;ancestor
祖先;belief
信条,信念;caution
谨慎,小心;ceremony
典礼,仪式;custom
习惯,习俗,风俗习惯;result
结果,效果;symbol
象征;tradition
传统
节假日活动:celebration
n.庆祝;decorate
vt.
装饰,修饰;feast
n.盛宴,宴会,(宗教的)节日;get-together
n.(亲友等的)聚会;treat
v.招待,款待节假日用品:balloon
n.气球;candle
n.蜡烛;decoration
n.装饰品;firecracker
n.鞭炮;firework
n.烟火,烟花;flame
n.火焰,光辉场所:counter
n.柜台,结账处;stand
n.货摊;store
n.商店;supermarket
n.超市
动词
believe
相信;concern
关心;inform
告诉,通知;mean
意思是;remind
提醒,使记起;remove
移动,拿走
形容词
ancient
古代的;attentive留心的;awkward
令人尴尬的,使人难堪的;casual
漫不经心的,非正式的;cautious
小心的,谨慎的;fascinating
魅力无穷的;familiar
熟悉的;particular
特殊的,个别的;relevant
有价值的,有意义的;silent
无声的;traditional
传统的;typical典型的,有代表性的,特有的
高频短语
attend
a
ceremony出席仪式;be
familiar
with
熟悉,通晓;broaden
one’s
horizon
开阔视野;culture
shock文化冲击;dress
up
盛装,打扮;date
back
to/date
from追溯到;follow
a
custom遵循习惯;in
memory
of为了纪念……;make
a
brief
introduction
to
对……做简单介绍;pass
down
from
generation
to
generation一代代传下来;show
sb.
sth.向某人展示某物;have
a
better
understanding
of...更好地了解……
场所:antique
shop古玩店;chain
store
连锁店;checkout
counter/cashier
desk收银处;shopping
mall/center购物中心节假日相关活动:celebrate
an
anniversary庆祝周年纪念;celebrate
the
festival庆祝节日;exchange
gifts交换礼物;family
reunion家人团圆;give
sb.
a
warm
welcome热烈欢迎某人;on
special
occasions在特殊场合;the
opening
ceremony
开幕式
经典句式
1.(2015天津)With
these
books,
I
hope
that
you
can
know
more
about
Chinese
history
and
culture.通过这些书籍,我希望你能更多地了解中国的历史和文化。2.As
middle
school
students,
we’re
not
familiar
with
foreign
cultures,
while
Chinese
culture
isn’t
fit
to
appear
in
an
English
newspaper.作为中学生,我们不熟悉外国文化,而中国的文化也不适合出现在英语报刊中。3.I
hope
you
can
help
the
students
in
our
class
to
learn
more
about
western
culture,
which
can
increase
understanding
and
help
build
good
relationships
between
us.
我希望你能帮助我们班的同学更多地了解西方文化,这能增进我们之间的理解并有助于建立我们之间良好的关系。4.The
Mid-Autumn
Festival
falls
on
the
15th
of
the
eighth
month
of
our
Chinese
lunar
calendar.
中秋节在中国农历的第八个月的15日。5.In
addition
to
these
traditional
activities,
we
have
a
wide
range
of
choices
such
as
travelling
and
visiting
our
relatives
or
friends.
除了这些传统的活动外,我们还有很多的选择,比如旅游和拜访亲戚或朋友。6.Beijing
is
a
lovely
city
with
a
long
history,
where
you
can
see
ancient
and
modern
cultures.北京是一个拥有悠久历史的美丽的城市,在那里你会看到古代文化和现代文化。7.I
felt
very
pleased
and
excited,
for
this
was
the
first
time
I
had
ever
talked
with
a
foreigner
in
English,
and
I
did
give
him
a
little
help.我感到很高兴,也很兴奋,因为这是我第一次用英语和外国人讲话,并且我确实给了他一点帮助。8.The
reason
why
I
have
been
longing
to
go
to
America
is
that
I
want
to
experience
American
culture,
which
is
believed
to
be
the
most
diverse
in
the
world.我一直渴望去美国的原因是我想去体验被认为是世界上最多元化的美国文化。
必背范文
(2018课标全国Ⅰ)假定你是李华,你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客,发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件,内容包括:1.到达时间;2.合适的礼物;3.餐桌礼仪。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
选用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵Dear
Terry,I
am
delighted
when
receiving
your
letter,
asking
1. (你应该注意什么样的风俗)
when
visiting
a
friend.
Here
are
my
tips
for
you.?First
of
all,
bear
in
mind
that
2. (你最好按时到达)
or
some
time
earlier
than
the
appointed
time,
3. (这很重要)
to
show
your
politeness.
Additionally,
4. (为了表示敬意),
you
might
as
well
bring
an
appropriate
gift,
like
some
fruits.
Most
importantly,
it’s
vital
that
5. (你应注意餐桌礼仪).
For
instance,
never
speak
with
your
mouth
full
of
food,
which
may
be
similar
to
your
own
custom.?In
brief,
6. (入乡随俗).
I
do
hope
you
will
have
great
fun
at
your
friend’s
home.?Yours
sincerely,Li
Hua
答案 1.what
customs
you
should
pay
attention
to
2.you
had
better
arrive
punctually/on
time 3.which
is
of
great
significance
4.to
be
respectful/to
show
your
respect 5.you
should
mind
your
table
manners 6.do
as
the
Chinese
do
when
in
China
五、兴趣爱好
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
collection
收藏品,收集物;delight
快乐,乐事;entertainment
娱乐;habit
习惯;intention
打算,计划,意图;interest
兴趣;pleasure
高兴,愉快;preference
偏爱,爱好;talent
天才,天赋;temptation
引诱,诱惑;tendency
倾向,偏好,性情;willingness
意愿,愿望
娱乐休闲:cooking
n.烹饪;drawing
n.绘画;enjoyable
adj.
令人愉快的;hobby
n.业余爱好户外活动:exploration
n.探险;gardening
n.园艺;jogging
n.慢跑;sailing
n.航海;travelling
n.旅游收藏:treasure
n.金银财宝,财富;variety
n.不同种类;possess
vt.有,拥有;worth
adj.有……的价值,
值……(钱);
worthless
adj.没有价值的,没用的;
precious
adj.宝贵的,珍贵的
动词
collect
收集,搜集;dislike
不喜爱,厌恶;intend
想要,打算;prefer
较喜欢;realize
认识到,实现;tend
往往会,常常就
形容词
delighted
高兴的,快乐的;pleasant
令人愉快的;pleased
高兴的;similar
相似的;strange
奇怪的,陌生的;willing
乐意的,愿意的
高频短语
apart
from除……之外,此外;be
accustomed
to习惯于;be
addicted
to对……上瘾;be
crazy
about对……着迷;be
interested
in对……感兴趣;cheer
up感到高兴,感到振奋;develop
an
interest
in在……方面发展兴趣;feel
like想要;get/be
used
to习惯于;give
up放弃;have
a
taste
for对……感兴趣;have/show
an
interest
in对……有兴趣;in
one’s
spare
time在某人的业余时间;take
up学着做
娱乐休闲:abandon
oneself
to沉迷于;be
keen
on喜欢;chat
online在线聊天
户外活动:go
camping
去野营;go
hiking
去远足;rock
climbing
攀岩收藏:be
popular
with
受……的欢迎;cultivate
one’s
mind陶冶某人的情操;have
an
eye
for对……有鉴赏力
经典句式
1.(2017天津)In
order
to
be
a
qualified
volunteer,
I
have
to
improve
myself
by
reading
some
books
about
Tianjin
so
as
to
know
more
about
it.为了成为一名合格的志愿者,我不得不阅读一些关于天津的书籍,了解更多的相关信息来提高自己。2.(2015课标Ⅱ)We’ll
also
spend
some
fun
time
together
singing,
dancing
and
playing
games,
which
we
hope
will
make
them
happy.我们也将花一些时间一起唱歌、跳舞、玩游戏,我们希望这些有趣的活动会让他们感到高兴。3.(2015北京)If
you
are
interested
in
it,
let
me
know
and
I’ll
send
you
more
information.如果你对此感兴趣,告诉我,我会发给你更多信息。4.As
students,
you’d
better
choose
the
activities
which
interest
you
and
suit
you.作为学生,你们最好选择那些你们感兴趣并适合你们的活动。5.I
enjoy
my
hobby.
It
is
my
hobby
that
offers
me
an
opportunity
to
do
something
interesting
and
creative.
Meanwhile,
it
provides
me
with
pleasure.我享受着我的爱好,它给我提供一个做趣事、做有创意的事情的机会,同时它还让我快乐。6.The
reason
why
most
people
like
traveling
is
that
they
can
feel
the
beauty
of
nature
and
breathe
the
fresh
air
at
the
same
time.许多人喜欢旅游是因为他们可以感受大自然的美,同时也可以呼吸新鲜的空气。7.Nothing
in
the
world
can
delight
me
so
much
as
reading
original
works.世界上没有什么比阅读原著更令我高兴。8.My
favorite
hobby
is
reading
books
and
newspapers,
which
has
become
a
necessary
part
of
my
daily
life.我最喜欢读书看报,这已经成为我日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。9.In
view
of
practical
need
of
society,
there
are
more
and
more
people
interested
in
learning
English.鉴于社会的实际需要,越来越多的人对学习英语感兴趣。
必背范文
某中学生英文报正举办“The
Season
I
Like
Best”的征文活动,请用英文写一篇短文投稿,内容应包括:1.你最喜欢的季节;2.你喜欢该季节的两条理由(如:气候、景色、活动、感受……)。注意:1.词数100左右;2.题目已为你写好;3.行文连贯,语篇完整;4.文中不得透露个人真实信息。
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵The
Season
I
Like
BestAmong
the
four
seasons
in
a
year,
1. (夏天是我最喜欢的季节),
which
makes
me
free,
excited
and
energetic.?When
the
summer
vacation
comes
every
year,
2. (我们可以做所有的事情)
that
we
can’t
do
during
our
school
time,
3. (例如)
going
shopping
with
friends,
swimming
in
warm
water
and
even
hiking
and
camping
in
the
deep
valleys,
all
of
which,
I
think,
4. (带给我充分的自由).
We
can
find
us
in
an
exciting
world
every
day,
with
the
sun
shining
brightly,
trees
growing
better
and
flowers
coming
out
with
all
kinds
of
colors.
5. (夏天让我精力充沛)
and
I
feel
I
have
the
strength
to
do
the
most
difficult
things
in
my
life.
6. (我最喜欢夏天),
and
what
about
you??
答案 1.summer
is
my
favorite
season 2.we
can
do
all/everything 3.such
as 4.lead
me
to
full
freedom 5.Summer
makes
me
full
of
energy 6.I
like
summer
best
六、工作与职业
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
address地址;appearance外貌;application
申请;background背景;behavior行为,举止;character品质;conclusion结论,总结;encouragement鼓励;expectation期待,期望;identity身份;kindness善良,好心;occupation职业;opinion意见;opportunity
机会;personality性格;qualification
资格,学历;requirement
要求;volunteer志愿者
职业:architect
n.建筑师,设计师;author
n.作家;chairman
n.主席;chemist
n.
药剂师,化学家;
dentist
n.牙科医生;doctor
n.医生;
lawyer
n.律师;merchant
n.商人,生意人;minister
n.牧师;model
n.模特;physician
n.内科医生;physicist
n.物理学家;premier
n.首相,总理;
president
n.
总统;specialist
n.专家,专科医生;spokesman
n.发言人;
surgeon
n.外科医生求职:applicant
n.申请人;
appointment
n.预约;candidate
n.候选人,申请人;experience
n.经验;
interviewee
n.被面试者;
interviewer
n.面试官;vacant
adj.
空缺的
动词
achieve
完成,实现,达到;appoint
任命,委任;belong
属于;educate
教育,训练;employ
雇用;hire雇用;interview面试;recommend推荐
形容词
creative
有创造力的,创造性的;determined
坚决的,有决心的;easy-going
随和的;energetic
充满活力的;full-time
全职的;generous
慷慨的,大方的;part-time
兼职的;senior
高级的;similar
相似的;strong-minded
意志坚强的;stubborn
顽固的,固执的;typical
典型的;warm-hearted
热心肠的;well-paid
薪水高的
高频短语
apply
for
申请;be
fit
for
适合;be
good
at
擅长;be
skilled
in
在……方面熟练;feel
equal
to
感觉能胜任;graduate
from
毕业于;have
a
good
command
of
掌握;major
in
主修;working
experience
工作经验
求职:hunt
for
a
job
找工作;gain
social
experience获得社会经验
经典句式
1.Personally,
I
prefer
to
work
in
a
team,
which
offers
me
a
chance
to
learn
how
to
get
along
with
others
and
how
to
share
my
experience
with
them.就我个人而言,我更喜欢在团队中工作,这给我提供了一个学习如何与人相处以及如何与他们分享我的经验的机会。2.So
I’m
writing
to
apply
for
the
position
which
I
saw
in
China
Daily.因此我写信申请我在《中国日报》上看到的那个职位。3.Your
advertisement
for
a
network
maintenance
engineer
in
the
April
10th
Student
Daily
interests
me
because
the
position
that
you
describe
sounds
exactly
like
the
kind
of
job
I
am
seeking.你们在4月10日《学生日报》上刊登的招聘网络维护工程师的广告令我感兴趣,因为你们描述的职位听起来正是我正在寻找的。4.I
will
graduate
from
college
in
July
this
year
and
I
have
heard
that
perhaps
you
might
need
an
accountant
with
considerable
experience.
I
would
like
to
apply
for
the
position.我将于今年七月份从大学毕业,据悉您有意招聘一名具有相当多经验的会计,我想申请该职位。5.If
you
feel
that
I
am
suitable
for
the
job,
please
inform
me
of
the
time
of
an
interview
at
your
convenience.
I
hope
to
hear
from
you
in
the
near
future.如果您认为我适合该项工作,请您在方便的时候通知我面试的时间。我希望在不久的将来能收到您的来信。6.Seeing
your
advertisement
in
the
local
newspaper,
I
immediately
show
great
interest
in
it,
eagerly
hoping
to
get
the
position
of
working
as
a
tutor
for
your
child.看到您登在当地报纸上的广告,我立刻对此非常感兴趣,热切地希望能当您孩子的家教。7.After
reading
the
advertisement
for
a
secretary
in
today’s
China
Daily,
I
want
to
apply
for
the
position.在今天的《中国日报》上读过你们招聘秘书的广告后,我想应聘这个职位。8.English
is
my
favourite
subject
and
I’ve
won
several
prizes
in
English
contests.
So
I
think
that
I’m
qualified
for
the
position.英语是我最喜爱的学科,我曾在数次英语竞赛中获奖,因此我认为我能胜任这个职位。9.I
enclose
a
copy
of
my
CV,
a
certificate
of
graduation
and
a
letter
of
recommendation
from
the
president
of
my
university.我附上一份我的简历、毕业证和校长的推荐信。10.I
really
want
to
obtain
this
precious
opportunity
because,
by
offering
my
service,
I
will
be
able
to
improve
my
organizational
ability,
communication
skills
as
well
as
my
confidence
in
speaking
English
in
public.我真的想获得这次宝贵的机会,因为通过提供我的服务,我将能够提高我的组织能力、交流技巧以及我在公众场合说英语的信心。
必背范文
(2016课标全国Ⅰ)假定你是李华,暑假想去一家外资公司兼职,已写好申请书和个人简历(resume)。给外教Ms
Jenkins写信,请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式(format)。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵Dear
Ms
Jenkins,I’m
Li
Hua
from
your
English
writing
class
last
term.
I’m
writing
to
ask
for
your
help.
I
1. (正申请一份兼职工作)
at
a
foreign
company
in
my
city
during
the
summer
vacation,
and
I
2. (已经完成了申请信)
and
resume.
However,
I
am
not
quite
sure
of
the
language
and
the
format
I’ve
used.
I
know
3. (你很忙),
but
I
4. (将非常感激)
if
you
could
take
some
time
to
go
through
them
and
make
necessary
changes.
Please
find
my
application
letter
and
resume
in
the
attachment.?Thank
you
for
your
kindness!Yours
truly,Li
Hua
答案 1.am
applying
for
a
part-time
job 2.have
just
completed
my
application
letter 3.you
have
a
very
busy
schedule/you
are
very
busy 4.would
be
very
grateful/would
appreciate
it
七、环境保护
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
challenge
挑战;consequence
结果,后果;
conservation
(对自然环境的)保护;effort
努力,艰难的尝试;environment
环境;
expectation
预料,期望;permission
允许,许可,同意;pollution
污染;protection
保护;
punishment
惩罚;responsibility
责任,负责
大气与气候:fog
n.雾;foggy
adj.有雾的;haze
n.雾霾;pour
vt.倾倒,使(连续)流出;storm
n.风暴,暴(风)雨自然灾害:acid
rain
n.酸雨;damage
n.&
vt.毁坏,破坏;ruin
vt.
毁坏
n.(复)废墟,遗迹;sandstorm
n.沙尘暴;shortage
n.缺乏;threaten
vt.威胁生态保护:ecology
n.生态,生态学;extinct
adj.灭绝的;litter
n.垃圾;species
n.物种;survival
n.存活,幸存;victim
n.牺牲品,受害者
动词
decline
减少,下降;decrease
减少,减小,降低;destroy
破坏,毁坏;disappear
消失;pollute
污染;preserve
保护,保留,保存;prevent
防止,预防;protect
保护;recycle
回收,再循环
形容词
endangered濒危的;natural
自然的;noisy
喧闹的,嘈杂的;proper
恰当的,合适的;unbearable
难耐的,无法接受的;unbelievable
难以置信的;uncomfortable
令人不舒服的
高频短语
attach
great
importance
to...十分重视……;arouse
people’s
awareness
of
environmental
protection提高人们的环保意识;be
faced
with...
面临……;be
trapped
in
ruins
被困在废墟中;cut
down砍倒;die
out
灭绝;from
bad
to
worse每况愈下;in
harmony
with
nature与自然和谐相处;keep
the
balance
of
nature
保持生态平衡;make
a
difference有影响
自然灾害:extreme
weather极端天气;heat
wave热浪生态保护:endangered
species濒危物种;have
a
disastrous
effect
on
对……有灾难性的影响;natural
reserve自然保护区;protect
wildlife保护野生动物
经典句式
1.Sometimes
a
smile
is
so
powerful
that
it
gives
people
suffering
from
disasters
great
courage.有时候,微笑会如此有力量以至于它给予遭受灾难的人巨大的勇气。2.The
country
has
provided
food
and
clothes
for
the
homeless
people
in
the
disaster-stricken
areas.国家已经为灾区无家可归的人们提供了食品和衣物。3.Plenty
of
rubbish
and
waste
water
are
being
poured
into
the
river;as
a
consequence,
water
sources
have
become
badly
polluted.大量的垃圾和废水被倒进河里,结果,水源被严重污染。4.The
more
wild
animals
we
kill,
the
more
debts
we
will
pay
in
the
future.我们杀的野生动物越多,我们将来要还的债就越多。5.Having
realized
the
great
harm
caused
by
the
haze
and
the
importance
of
protecting
the
environment,
people
all
over
the
country
are
taking
measures
to
reduce
the
hazy
weather.意识到了雾霾造成的严重危害和保护环境的重要性,全国人民正采取措施减少雾霾天气。
经典句式
6.Accordingly/Consequently,
it
is
not
difficult
to
draw
the
conclusion
that
people
are
more
and
more
aware
of
the
importance
of
the
protection
of
the
environment.因此,不难得出结论:人们越来越意识到环境保护的重要性了。7.It
is
well-known
that
the
global
water
shortage
is
becoming
increasingly
severe
due
to
global
warming.众所周知,由于全球变暖,全球水资源短缺(问题)正变得日益严重。8.All
animals
and
plants
are
important,
because
each
species
contributes
to
the
variety
of
life
forms
on
the
earth
and
plays
an
important
role
in
maintaining
life.所有动植物都是重要的,因为每一个物种都有助于地球上生命种类的多样性的形成,而且对维持生命起到了重要的作用。9.With
the
number
of
cars
increasing
fast
in
our
city,
our
environment
is
getting
increasingly
worse.在我们的城市,随着汽车数量的快速增加,环境正急剧恶化。10.There
is
no
doubt
that
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
that
it
is
human
activities
that
have
caused
this
global
warming.毫无疑问,地球正变得更加温暖,而全球变暖正是人类活动所致。
必背范文
调查显示,中国长江江豚(finless
porpoise)受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝,目前总数不足1000只。假设你是李华,现请用英文给WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封信,请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。内容应包括:·说明写信目的;·简述江豚现状;·希望WWF如何帮助(比如:资助江豚保护项目等);·表示感谢并期待回复。
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵Dear
Sir
or
Madam,I’m
a
student
from
Chongqing,
China.
Today
I
am
writing
to
you
to
ask
for
your
help
to
improve
the
situation
the
finless
porpoises
1. (面临)presently.?Because
of
the
behavior
of
our
human
beings,
the
finless
porpoises
in
the
Yangtze
River
have
been
greatly
influenced
and
will
be
2. (濒临灭绝的).
According
to
the
research,
the
total
number
is
less
than
1,000
now.
In
order
to
prevent
them
from
3. (灭绝),
we
have
founded
a
project,
but
we
have
difficulty
in
running
it
for
lack
of
funds.
If
you
would
like
to
help
us,
you
can
provide
it
with
necessary
money.
Besides,
you
can
give
us
relevant
training
in
protecting
them.
With
your
help,
we
believe
we
can
improve
the
4. (生存环境)of
the
finless
porpoises
soon,
thus
increasing
their
number.?If
we
can
get
your
help,
we
will
be
very
thankful.
We’re
looking
forward
to
your
early
reply.Yours
sincerely,Li
Hua
答案 1.are
faced
with 2.endangered 3.dying
out 4.living
environment
八、饮食与健康
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
appetite
食欲,胃口;balance
平衡;canteen
餐厅,食堂;energy
精力,活力;harm
伤害;health
健康,卫生;relief
缓和;snack
小吃;symptom
症状
进食:chew
vt.咀嚼;digest
vt.消化,吸收;nutrition
n.营养;swallow
vt.吞下,咽下味道:acid
adj.酸的;bitter
adj.苦的,有苦味的;salty
adj.咸的,含盐的;sour
adj.酸的,馊的疾病与残疾:allergic
adj.过的;blind
adj.瞎的;deaf
adj.聋的;disabled
adj.残废的,残疾的;dumb
adj.哑的;fever
n.发烧,发热;flu
n.冒;lame
adj.跛的,瘸的
动词
cure
治疗;operate
做手术;raise
饲养;recover
痊愈,恢复;reduce
减少;serve
招待(顾客等),服务;supply
供给,供应;taste
品尝
形容词
delicious
美味的,可口的;harmful
有害的;healthy
健康的;overweight
太胖的,超重的;random
随意的;tasty
味道好的;tasteless
无滋味的
高频短语
be
in
good
health身体健康;be
on
a
diet节食;be
full
of
energy精力充沛;build
up
one’s
body增强某人的体质;have
a
great
influence
on对……有很大的影响;keep
fit保持健康;keep
a
balanced
diet保持均衡的饮食;lose
weight减肥;take
in吸收
就餐:be
high/low
in含……高/低;be
rich/abundant
in富含……;
unhealthy
eating
habit不健康的饮食习惯病因:break
down
(身体)垮掉;get
overweight变得肥胖;put
on
weight增加体重;suffer
from遭受,患上
经典句式
1.You
will
have
no
difficulty
in
finding
the
western
fast
food.你找到西式快餐不会有什么困难。2.The
doctor
advised
that
we
should
have
a
balanced
diet
and
get
into
the
good
habit
of
getting
up
early.
医生建议我们要均衡饮食并养成早起的好习惯。3.We
must
admit
the
fact
that
eating
junk
food
is
harmful
to
our
health.我们必须承认吃垃圾食品有害健康。4.The
majority
of
people
take
in
too
much
fat
and
not
enough
fibre,
which
does
great
harm
to
their
health.大多数人摄入的脂肪太多而纤维素不足,这对他们的健康很有害。5.A
healthy
diet
consists
of
eating
a
variety
of
foods
rich
in
vitamins,
fibre
and
mineral,
and
low
in
fat
and
calories.健康的饮食包括吃维生素、纤维素和矿物质含量高而脂肪和卡路里含量低的食物。6.People
are
beginning
to
attach
much
more
importance
to
their
health
these
days
than
ever
before.如今人们开始比以往更重视他们的健康了。7.With
the
improvement
of
the
living
standards,
more
and
more
people,
especially
children,
are
suffering
from
obesity.随着生活水平的提高,越来越多的人,尤其是孩子,正在饱受肥胖之苦。8.Staying
up
to
study
does
harm
to
your
health.
In
addition/Besides,
it
will
affect
your
study
the
following
day
for
lack
of
energy.熬夜学习对你的健康有害。此外,你还会因为精力不足而影响第二天的学习。9.A
balanced
diet
and
regular
exercise
can
help
us
keep
healthy
both
physically
and
mentally.均衡的饮食和经常锻炼能帮助我们保持身心健康。10.We’d
better
take
part
in
more
outdoor
activities
instead
of
sitting
in
front
of
TV
sets
or
computers
for
a
long
time,
which
is
bad
for
our
health.我们最好多参加一些户外活动,而不要在电视、电脑前坐很长时间,这对我们的健康有害。
必背范文
请你为21st
Century写一篇报道,
介绍我校为高三学生创立的“心灵城堡(Soul
Castle)”专栏(column),并谈谈自己的感想。内容要点包括:1.开设目的:缓解压力、确保健康;2.专栏优势:专业指导;3.专栏内容:建议、心声;4.你的感想。注意:1.词数120左右;2.开头语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵 Our
school
has
set
up
a
column
called
“Soul
Castle”
for
Senior
3
students.
It
is
aimed
at
1. (缓解压力)
and
ensuring
the
health
of
the
students.
The
column
2. (有独特的优势)
that
the
experts
in
psychology
can
give
us
expertise
and
guidance.
3. (它涉及思想和情感)
of
the
students
and
professional
suggestions.?From
my
point
of
view,not
only
does
our
school
attach
importance
to
our
study
but
also
4. (关注心理健康).
The
column
also
provides
a
platform
to
communicate
with
our
teachers
and
parents.
Moreover,
we
can
get
help
and
guidance
from
professionals
5. (解决我们的心理问题).
With
its
help,
we
can
take
the
college
entrance
examination
with
confidence.?
答案 1.relieving
pressure 2.has
the
unique
advantage 3.It
covers
the
thoughts
and
feelings 4.pay
attention
to
the
mental
health 5.to
solve
our
mental
problems
九、文娱与体育
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
amusement
娱乐;champion
冠军;championship
锦标赛;competition
比赛,竞赛;courage
勇气;
instrument
乐器;medal
奖牌;organization
组织,机构;performance
演出,表演;recreation
娱乐,消遣;regulation
规则,规章;quality
质量;
viewer观众
音乐:broadcast
vt.广播,播放
n.广播;conduct
vt.指挥,引导;clap
v.鼓掌;live
adj.现场直播的
adv.在现场直播影视:admission
n.准入,接纳;admit
vt.
承认,准许(入场,入学,入会);direct
vt.导演(电影);plot
n.故事情节;release
vt.
发行,发布;ticket
n.入场券体育:athlete
n.运动员;captain
n.队长;cheerleader
n.拉拉队队员;coach
n.教练;honour/honor
n.荣誉,光荣vt.
尊敬,给予荣誉;judge
n.裁判;vt.
判断,断定;sponsor
n.赞助者,赞助商;
tournament
n.锦标赛
动词
applaud
鼓掌;cancel
取消;compete
比赛,竞赛;defeat
击败,战胜;delay
延误,延迟,耽搁;deserve
应得,应受;host
主办;organize
组织;participate
参加,参与;perform
表演,履行;refresh
使恢复精力,重新振作;relax
(使)放松,轻松;advance前进,发展
形容词
part-time
兼职的;perfect
完美的,极好的;regular
有规律的,频繁的;worth
有……价值;worthwhile
值得做的;worthy
值得的
高频短语
be
beneficial
to对……有益;break
the
record打破纪录;become
the
pride
of
the
nation成为国家的骄傲;compete
in在……方面竞争;go
all
out全力以赴;rather
than而不是;stand
for代表;take
exercise锻炼;be
regarded
as...被认为……
音乐:form
a
band组建乐队;start
touring开始巡回演出体育:approach
the
finishing
line接近终点;set
a
new
world
record
刷新世界纪录
经典句式
1.(2017课标全国Ⅲ)The
team
will
hold
a
range
of
activities,
including
some
training
and
matches.球队将举行各种各样的活动,包含一些训练和比赛。2.(2017课标全国Ⅲ)I’m
sure
it
will
appeal
to
you,
for
you’ve
been
enthusiastic
about
sports.我确定它会对你有吸引力,因为你一直热衷于体育运动。3.(2017天津)By
the
way,
I
am
now
a
volunteer
for
the
13th
National
Games,
which
will
be
held
at
the
end
of
August
in
Tianjin.顺便一提,我现在是第13届全国运动会的志愿者,它于8月底在天津举行。4.Second,
going
outdoors
and
playing
team
games
with
your
friends
is
an
effective
way
to
get
rid
of
anger.
第二,到户外和朋友一起做团队游戏是一种有效的排解愤怒的方式。5.I
propose
that
our
school
should
organize
this
kind
of
activity
more
frequently.我建议我们学校应该多组织这种活动。6.So
I
suggest
you
should
keep
the
balance
between
your
study
and
entertainment,
such
as
doing
sports,
listening
to
music
and
so
on.
因此,我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡,例如做运动、听音乐等。7.Moreover,
listening
to
some
soft
music
does
relax
your
mood
and
give
you
a
new
start.另外,听一听轻柔的音乐的确能使你的心情放松,给你一个新的开端。8.Sports
are
perhaps
the
most
popular
form
of
relaxation
that
almost
all
can
enjoy.体育运动可能是几乎所有人都可以享受的最大众化的放松形式。9.There
is
no
doubt
that
daily
exercise
is
of
great
benefit
to
your
health.毫无疑问,日常锻炼对你的健康非常有益。10.It’s
said
that
there
will
be
a
concert
conducted
by
a
world-famous
conductor
on
Sunday
evening.据说周日晚上将有一场由一位世界著名的指挥家指挥的音乐会。11.Not
only
does
exercise
improve
our
health
but
also
makes
us
cheerful
and
raises
our
learning
efficiency.锻炼不仅能改善我们的健康状况,而且使我们精神愉悦并提高学习效率。
必背范文
(2018课标全国Ⅲ)假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信,内容包括:1.学校的体育场馆;2.主要的运动项目;3.你喜欢的项目。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵Dear
Peter,I
am
exceedingly
delighted
to
hear
from
you.
You
asked
me
in
your
last
letter
about
1. (体育锻炼)
in
our
school
and
the
following
information
may
give
you
a
rough
sketch.?To
begin
with,
2. (一个全新的体育馆被建起来了),
which
has
become
the
new
landmark
in
our
school.
Moreover,
with
the
stadium
set
up,
3. (一系列的体育比赛)
are
able
to
be
held,
of
which
ping-pong
and
football,
as
well
as
running
competitions
enjoy
great
popularity.
As
for
me,
I’m
intoxicated
with
basketball
since
it
has
been
giving
me
strength
to
confront
the
challenges
in
my
life.?All
in
all,
I
sincerely
invite
you
to
come
to
our
school
and
see
for
yourself.Yours,Li
Hua
答案 1.the
physical
exercise 2.a
new
stadium
has
been
built 3.a
wide
range
of
sports
events
十、科普知识与现代技术
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
breakthrough
重大进展,突破;convenience
方便,便利;drawback
缺点,不利条件;factor因素;function
作用,功能;procedure
程序;replacement替代品;research
研究,调查;success
成功;system
体系,系统;technique
技巧;technology
技术
太空科技:atmosphere
n.大气,大气层;gravity
n.重力,地球引力前沿科技:cloning
n.克隆;
transplant
n.&
vt.移植互联网:connect
vt.连接,把……联系起来;convenient
adj.便利的,方便的;cyberspace
n.网络空间;instant
adj.立即的,即时的;
Internet
n.互联网,因特网;
network
n.网络;website
n.网址;
WeChat
n.微信;worldwide
adj.遍及全球的,世界范围的
动词
calculate
计算;download
下载;introduce
介绍;predict
预言;process
过程;provide
提供;replace
取代;simplify
使简化,使简易;support
支持,赞助;suppose
猜想,假定,料想
形容词
automatical自动的;fundamental
十分重大的,根本的;hopeful
有希望的,有前途的;modern
现代的;potential
潜在的,可能的;successful
成功的,有成就的;universal
普遍的
高频短语
benefit
from从……获益;be
in
the
lead领先;follow
the
fashion追随时尚;have
access
to/be
accessible
to能使用;in
the
field
of
science在科学领域;with
the
development
of
随着……的发展;change
one’s
life改变某人的生活
前沿科技:artificial
intelligence人工智能;GMF=genetically
modified
food转基因食品;household
robot家用机器人;intelligent
terminal智能终端互联网:electronic
books
电子书;have
a
negative
effect
有负面影响;text
message手机短信;with
the
popularity
of
the
Internet随着网络的普及
经典句式
1.(2015安徽)I
have
long
been
interested
in
space
exploration
and
I
believe
I
can
learn
a
great
deal
from
him
about
it.
长期以来,我一直对太空探索感兴趣,我相信我可以从他那里学到很多关于太空探索的知识。2.(2015广东)DNA
testing,
a
new
technique,
which
is
tested
by
analyzing
the
saliva
sample,
appears
in
the
foreign
medical
industry.DNA检测,一种新的技术,通过分析唾液样品进行测试,出现在外国医疗行业。3.(2015广东)As
for
its
functions,
not
only
can
the
technique
be
used
to
predict
major
diseases,
but
it
also
enables
people
to
foresee
the
examinees’
food
preference.关于其功能,这项技术不仅可以用来预测重大疾病,它还能使人们能够预见受测者的食物偏好。4.What
is
known
to
all
is
that
shoes
play
an
important
role
in
our
life,
for
they
can
protect
our
feet
from
being
hurt.众所周知,鞋子在我们的生活中起着重要的作用,因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。5.In
a
word,
if
we
had
such
a
magic
watch,
our
life
would
become
more
convenient.总之,如果我们拥有这么一块有魔力的手表,我们的生活将会变得更加方便。6.On
the
contrary,
the
volunteers
always
claim
that
they
are
tired
of
the
life
on
earth,
so
they
are
eager
to
experience
the
future
life
on
Mars.相反,这些志愿者总是抱怨他们厌倦了地球上的生活,因此他们渴望体验未来在火星上的生活。7.However,
no
matter
how
attractive
the
Internet
is,
we
shouldn’t
be
separated
from
our
beloved
ones.
Therefore,
we
should
stop
surfing
the
Internet
and
spend
time
with
our
family,
enjoying
the
time
when
we
are
together.然而,无论网络有多诱人,我们都不应该与我们所爱的人分开。因此,我们应该停止上网,与家人一起享受美好的时光。8.It
goes
without
saying
that
modern
technology
brings
us
convenience
and
comfort
in
life.不言而喻,现代科技给我们的生活带来方便和舒适。9.It
is
obvious
that
the
iPod
is
of
great
help
to
our
study,
especially
to
our
English
listening.显而易见,iPod对我们的学习有很大的帮助,尤其是对我们的英语听力。10.In
the
last
decades,
advances
in
medical
technology
have
made
it
possible
for
people
to
live
longer
than
in
the
past.在过去的几十年间,医疗技术的进步已经使得人们比过去活得更长成为可能。
必背范文
Directions:Write
an
English
composition
according
to
the
instructions
given
below.学校正在组织科技创新大赛,你想为日常生活中某件物品(如钢笔、书包、鞋子……)设计添加新功能来参赛。请以“My
Magic ”为题写一篇英语短文,介绍你的创意。?内容:1.说明设计理由;2.介绍新功能。注意:1.词数不少于120;2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵My
Magic
Water
BottleMy
magic
water
bottle
will
1. (是……的替代品)the
traditional
one
which
can
2. (自动改变瓶内水温)according
to
the
changes
of
the
outer
environment.?3. (有几个因素)I
take
into
account
on
my
new
invention.
For
one
thing,
traditional
water
bottles
4. (让……不方便)for
travelers
to
have
a
comfortable
drink
anytime
and
anywhere.
For
another,
drinking
too
cold
or
too
hot
water
does
nothing
but
harm
to
our
health,
so
my
magic
water
bottle
can
serve
as
an
assistant
or
a
doctor.?The
new
functions
will
win
my
magic
water
bottle
enormous
love
and
popularity.
On
the
one
hand,
the
automatic
temperature-controlling
system
mentioned
above
can
adjust
the
water
temperature.
On
the
other
hand,
we
can
set
a
desirable
temperature
for
the
inside
water,
and
5. (最让我们吃惊的是)the
water
can
remain
at
that
temperature
for
about
twenty
hours.?
答案 1.be
a
replacement
for 2.change
the
temperature
of
the
inside
water
automatically 3.There
are
several
factors 4.make
it
inconvenient 5.what
surprises
us
most
is
that
十一、旅游与交通
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
accommodation
住宿,膳宿;departure
离开,启程;
destination
目的地,终点;direction方向;distance
距离;impression
印象,感觉;journey
旅行;luggage
(总称)行李;outing
郊游,远足;queue
行列,长队;
scenery
风景,景色;sightseeing
游览,观光;tourism
旅游业;tourist
旅行者,观光者
旅行准备:arrangement
n.安排,筹备;guide
n.导游;pack
n.包,捆vt.打包;reserve
vt.预订;schedule
n.日程表;suitcase
n.(旅行用)小提箱,行李箱;sunglasses
n.太阳镜景点描写及感受:attractive
adj.吸引人的,有吸引力的;comfortable
adj.舒服的;cultural
adj.文化的;
fantastic
adj.极好的,美妙的;
historical
adj.历史的交通状况:block
v.阻塞,阻挡;crash
v.&
n.碰撞,撞击;delay
v.&
n.延误,延迟,延期;trap
n.陷阱vt.使陷入困境
动词
attract
吸引;enjoy
欣赏,享受;impress
留下印象;satisfy
满足,使满意;wander
游荡,漫步
形容词
amazing
令人大为惊奇的;crowded
拥挤的;distant
遥远的;sunny
晴朗的,阳光充足的;well-known
众所周知的;well-organized
精心组织的;wonderful
美妙的,精彩的
高频短语
places
of
interest
名胜;adjust
to调整,使适应;be
struck
by
被……迷住;feel/be
at
home感觉自在;hold
up
耽搁,推迟;improve
traffic
safety
awareness
提高交通安全意识;in
one’s
view在某人看来;keep
in
mind记住;make
up
one’s
mind下定决心;obey/observe
traffic
regulations
遵守交通规则;pack
sth.
up将某物装箱打包;run
a
red
light
闯红灯;slow
down
放慢速度;speed
up
加速;traffic
accident
交通事故;sightseeing
spots观光景点
住宿:check
in
登记入住;check
out
结账离开景点描写:a
dream
trip
梦想之旅;appeal
to...
对……有吸引力;beyond
description
难以表达;catch
one’s
eye
吸引某人的注意交通状况:avoid
traffic
jams
避免交通堵塞;be/get
stuck
in
被困在;knock
into/against
撞上;pay
a
fine
支付罚款;run
over
碾压,快速阅读
经典句式
1.(2017北京)Personally,
I
prefer
the
tour
along
the
Yangtze
River,
the
longest
river
and
one
of
the
mother
rivers
of
Chinese
civilization.
从个人角度来说,我更愿意(推荐)“长江之旅”,长江是中国最长的河流,是中华文明的发源地之一。2.(2017浙江)I
have
been
organizing
a
one-day
summer
camp
in
Green
Hill
this
Saturday.我一直在组织星期六到Green
Hill的夏令营一日游。3.(2017浙江)After
that
we
will
have
a
picnic
by
the
lake
at
the
foot
of
the
mountain.随后,我们将在山脚下的湖边进行野餐。4.(2017北京)Moreover,
the
scenery
along
the
river
is
amazing,
with
many
well-known
sightseeing
spots.另外,沿江风景令人叹为观止,拥有很多著名的观光景点。5.(2017浙江)I
do
hope
that
you
could
join
us
because
Green
Hill
is
such
a
fun
place
to
relax
and
surely
we
will
have
a
great
time.我的确希望你能够和我们一起(去爬山),因为Green
Hill是个放松的好地方,我们肯定会玩得十分高兴。6.(2015江苏)The
traffic
issue
is
a
hard
nut
to
crack.
It
not
only
affects
our
everyday
life,
but
may
also
threaten
people’s
lives.交通问题是一个棘手的问题。它不仅影响着我们的日常生活,而且还可能威胁到人们的生命。7.(2015江苏)In
spite
of
the
large-scale
construction
of
roads
and
highways,
there
is
still
much
room
for
improvement
because
of
the
ever
increasing
number
of
cars
these
years.
尽管我们大规模地建设道路,但是由于近年来日益增长的汽车数量,这个问题仍有很大的提升空间。8.(2015江苏)What’s
worse,
some
drivers,
cyclists
and
pedestrians
do
not
think
it
vital
to
obey
traffic
rules.更糟糕的是,一些司机、骑自行车者和行人并不认为遵守交通规则十分重要。9.Compared
with
the
escaped
driver,
I
am
proud
of
what
I
did.
与逃逸司机相比,我为自己所做的事感到非常自豪。10.This
morning
I
was
walking
on
the
street
when
I
saw
that
two
travelers
were
reading
a
map,
looking
puzzled.今天早晨我正在大街上走,就在这时我看见两个游客正在看地图,看起来十分困惑。
必背范文
(2017北京,第一节)你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行,有两条线路可以选择:“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信,内容包括:1.你建议的线路;2.你的理由;3.你的祝愿。注意:1.词数不少于50;2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。Dear
Jim,
?
?
?
?
?Yours,Li
Hua
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵Dear
Jim,
I’m
happy
to
receive
your
letter
and
know
you’re
coming
to
China.Of
the
two
trips
to
the
Yangtze
River
and
Mount
Tai,
both
are
highly
recommended.
Personally,
I
prefer
the
tour
along
the
Yangtze
River,
1. (最长的河流)and
one
of
the
mother
rivers
of
Chinese
civilization.
You
can
learn
a
lot
about
the
history
of
China
and
Chinese
people.
Moreover,
2. (沿江景色让人惊叹),
with
many
well-known
3. (观光景点).
That’s
why
I
think
the
trip
along
the
Yangtze
River
will
be
a
better
choice.?Hope
you’ll
have
a
good
time
in
China.Yours,Li
Hua
答案 1.the
longest
river 2.the
scenery
along
the
river
is
amazing 3.sightseeing
spots
十二、文学与艺术
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
appreciation
欣赏;description
描写;masterpiece
代表作;novelist
小说家;sculpture
雕塑,雕像;symphony
交响乐;translation
翻译,译文;work
著作
文学:adapt
v.改编;adaptation
n.改编本;biography
n.传记;chapter
n.章;draft
n.草稿,草案vt.起草,草拟;essay
n.散文,文章,随笔;fiction
n.小说,虚构的事;myth
n.神话;original
adj.原创的
n.
原作艺术:appeal
n.&
v.
吸引力,吸引;background
n.背景;display
n.&
vt.
展示,陈列;exhibition
n.展览;inspiration
n.灵感,启发;technique
n.技巧
动词
appreciate
欣赏;classify
分类,归类;compare
比较;describe
描写;evaluate
评价;lack
缺乏,缺少;publish
出版,发行;recommend
推荐;subscribe
订阅,订购(报刊等);substitute
代替,取代;translate
翻译
形容词
classic
经典的;original
原创的;popular
流行的,受欢迎的;precious
宝贵的,
珍贵的;precise
准确的,精确的;ridiculous
荒谬的,愚蠢的
高频短语
appeal
to对某人有吸引力;adapt
from
根据……改编;be
fond
of喜欢;be
open
to
向……开放;be
set
in以……为背景;enrich
one’s
life丰富某人的生活;have
an
influence
on对……有影响;put
on上演;range
from...to...范围从……到……;widen
one’s
horizons开阔某人的眼界;win
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature获得诺贝尔文学奖
艺术:apply...to...把……应用于……;be
faced
with面对,面临;go
to
the
theater看戏剧;on
exhibition/display在展览;on
show在展出;show
up出现;the
art
gallery艺术画廊
经典句式
1.Some
classic
works
not
only
offer
us
joy
and
excitement,
but
also
encourage
us
to
think
critically.一些经典作品不但带给我们喜悦和兴奋,而且鼓励我们批判性地思考。2.The
film
is
usually
more
interesting
and
it
is
easier
to
follow.电影通常更有趣而且更容易理解。3.My
elder
brother
thinks
staying
at
home
and
reading
some
classic
works
quietly
can
help
him
better
understand
the
author’s
ideas.我哥哥认为待在家里安静地读一些经典的作品能帮助他更好地理解作者的思想。4.He
thinks
to
read
the
original
work
is
better
than
to
see
the
film
based
on
it.他认为读原著比看以原著为基础的电影更好。5.The
school
library
provides
a
variety
of
original
works,
hoping
they
will
meet
the
needs
of
different
students.学校图书馆提供各类原著,希望它们能够满足不同学生的需求。6.I
hold
the
view
that
if
we
students
want
to
know
as
many
great
works
of
literature
as
we
can,
we
had
better
read
the
original
works.我认为如果我们学生想尽可能多地了解文学著作,最好还是读原著。7.Some
of
us
think
that
it
is
better
to
see
the
film
than
to
read
the
original
book.我们中的一些人认为,看电影要比读原著更好。8.On
the
one
hand,
they
believe
that
they
can
understand
literature
in
a
short
time
by
seeing
the
film
and
it
is
usually
more
interesting
to
see
the
performers
act
the
film
than
just
to
read
the
original
work.一方面,他们认为通过看电影能够在短时间内理解文学作品,而且通常看演员表演要比仅仅阅读原著更有趣。9.We
are
always
finding
new
beauty
in
Shakespeare’s
poetry.我们总能在莎士比亚的诗歌中发现新的美妙之处。10.The
exhibition
gives
local
artists
an
opportunity
to
display
their
works.
这次展览为当地艺术家提供了一次展示他们作品的机会。
必背范文
(2019广西桂林高三4月综合能力检测)假定你是李华,你校学生会计划组织一次讲座,内容是有关你校外教Smith在纽约孔子学院学习中国书法的经历。请你给Smith写封电子邮件,内容包括:1.介绍活动内容和目的;2.告知时间、地点、讲座的时长、听众的人数;3.提出邀请。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:孔子学院:
Confucius
Institute;中国书法:Chinese
calligraphy
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面的短文并背诵。Dear
Mr.
Smith,I’m
Li
Hua.
I’m
writing
to
invite
you
to
give
us
a
lecture
about
your
experience
in
1. (学习中国书法)
in
the
Confucius
Institute
in
New
York
on
behalf
of
our
Students’
Union.
The
purpose
of
this
activity
is
to
help
our
students
better
understand
2. (外国人是如何看待中国传统文化的).?Your
lecture
will
be
given
at
the
lecture
hall
at
3:00
p.m.
next
Wednesday
afternoon
and
3. (将持续一个半小时).
About
300
students
will
be
present
then.?You
are
most
welcome
to
contact
me
4. (如果你需要我的帮助)
for
the
preparation
of
your
lecture.?Looking
forward
to
your
reply.Yours,Li
Hua
答案 1.learning
Chinese
calligraphy 2.what
foreigners
think
of
traditional
culture 3.will
last
for
one
hour
and
a
half 4.if
you
need
my
help
十三、情感与态度
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
blame
责任,指责;delight快乐,乐事;distinction
差别,区分;equality
平等;justice
正义,公平;outcome
效果,结果;possibility
可能(性);privilege
特权,特殊待遇;truth
真相;view观点,看法;witness
目击者,证人
高兴:cheer
n.&
v.欢呼,喝彩;excited
adj.激动的,兴奋的;pleased
adj.
高兴的;pleasure
n.高兴,愉快感动:move
vt.
(使)感动;moving
adj.令人感动的;touched
adj.受感动的满意:content
adj.满意的,愿意的;proud
adj.自豪的,骄傲的;satisfaction
n.满意;satisfy
vt.使满足,使满意忧虑与烦恼:anxiety
n.担心,焦虑;bored
adj.厌倦的,烦闷的;worry
n.&
v.
烦恼,担忧同意与不同意:accept
v.接受;agree
v.同意,应允;argument
n.争论,辩论;disagree
vi.意见不一致,持不同意见;disagreement
n.意见不一致,分歧,争论;object
vi.反对;oppose
vt.反对,抵制;resist
v.抵抗;support
n.&
vt.支持,拥护
动词
accuse
谴责,控告;admit
承认,许可进入;affect深深打动,使悲伤;approve赞成,同意,批准,认可;argue
争吵,争辩;confirm
使感觉更强烈,使确信;handle
处理,应付;lack
缺乏;limit
限制,限定;persuade说服;prove
证明;remain
仍然是,保持不变;experience经历,经验;compromise妥协,折中
形容词
annoyed烦恼的;anxious忧虑的,焦急的;ashamed
感到惭愧或羞耻的;aware
对……有意识的,对……有兴趣的;evident
明显的;illegal
不合法的,违法的;innocent
无恶意的;obvious
明显的,显而易见的;unbelievable
难以置信的;upset难过的;worthy
有价值的(但不太令人感兴趣或激动的);worried担心的,发愁的
高频短语
according
to据……所示,根据;ask
permission
from
sb.征得某人的许可;be
afraid
to
do
sth.
害怕做某事;be
afraid
of
doing
sth.
害怕做某事;be
home
to/be
the
home
of是……的产地/生长地;be
responsible
for对……负责;change
one’s
attitude改变某人的态度;contribute
to对……起促成作用;end
up以……结束;for
fear
of因害怕……;for
lack
of因……不足;frighten
sb.
into
doing
sth.
恐吓某人做某事;gain
confidence获得信心;have
permission
to
do
sth.得到做某事的许可;owe
thanks
to
sb.感谢某人;take
action采取行动
高兴:be
in
high
spirits心情好;burst
into
laughter突然大笑起来悲伤与低落:be
in
low
spirits情绪低落;burst
into
tears突然大哭起来同意与不同意:agree
on
对……取得一致意见;agree
to
同意(建议、提议、计划);agree
with
sb.
同意某人的看法,与某人看法一致
经典句式
1.(2017北京)I’m
happy
to
receive
your
letter
and
know
you’re
coming
to
China.我很高兴收到你的来信,知道您要到中国来。2.(2017天津)Will
you
please
pay
a
visit
to
Tianjin
again
so
that
we
may
meet
again?你能否再次参观天津,以便我们可以再次见面?3.It
goes
without
saying
that
a
smile
can
help
us
get
through
difficult
situations
and
find
friends
in
a
world
full
of
strangers.不言而喻,微笑能够帮助我们渡过难关,并在一个充满陌生人的世界里找到朋友。4.I’m
convinced
that
10%
of
my
life
is
what
happens
to
me
and
90%
is
how
I
react
to
it.我深信,我生活的10%是发生在我身上的事情,90%是我如何回应这件事情。5.This
experience
has
also
taught
me
that
as
long
as
I
never
give
up
and
keep
trying,
I
can
succeed.这次经历也让我学到:只要我永不放弃并一直努力尝试,我就会成功。6.Nothing
is
so
big
that
it
is
impossible
to
get
over,
and
hurt
serves
only
to
make
us
stronger.没有什么东西强大到难以克服,伤痛反而使我们更加强大。7.Only
by
comparing
ourselves
with
others
can
we
know
the
aspects
we
are
weak
in,
and
we’ll
make
efforts
to
improve
ourselves
to
a
higher
level.只有通过将自己与他人进行比较我们才能知道自己薄弱的方面,然后我们会努力将自己提升到一个更高的水平。8.What
I
should
do
now
is
to
keep
on
studying
hard
in
order
to
be
admitted
into
a
famous
university.When
I
become
independent
economically
in
the
future,
I
will
help
my
parents
live
a
better
life.我现在该做的是为被名牌大学录取而继续努力学习。今后我经济独立时,我会帮助父母生活得更好。9.As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
we
should
develop
a
positive
attitude
towards
life.
Life
consists
of
not
only
sunshine
but
also
hard
times.We
should
be
brave
when
faced
with
difficulties.就我个人而言,我们应该对生活采取积极的态度。生活中不仅充满阳光而且困难重重。面对困难,我们应该勇敢。
经典句式
10.I
am
always
grateful
to
my
parents.They
not
only
gave
me
life,
but
also
brought
me
up
with
selfless
love
and
support,
feeling
so
proud
of
my
every
tiny
bit
of
progress.我总是感激父母。他们不仅给予我生命,而且用无私的关爱和支持抚养我,为我每一个微小的进步感到非常自豪。11.I
think,
micro-blogs
are
just
like
a
real
world,
where
everybody
should
obey
the
laws
and
moral
codes,
and
no
absolute
freedom
should
exist
there
at
all.我认为,微博就好像一个真正的世界,人人都应该遵守法律和道德标准,并且在那里没有绝对的自由。12.Firstly,
we
should
try
to
listen
to
others’
opinions.
If
he
makes
mistakes,
try
to
point
them
out
in
a
polite
way
rather
than
blaming
him.
Secondly,
never
force
your
ideas
on
others.首先,我们要试着去倾听别人的观点。如果他犯了错误,用礼貌的方式指出而不要责备他。其次,不要把你的观点强加于他人。
必背范文
(2019甘肃兰州一诊) 假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter得知你在寒假期间参加了由学校组织的研究性学习和旅行体验相结合的研学之旅(study
trip),写信向你询问有关情况。请给他回信,内容包括:1.你去过的地方;2.你的收获;3.简单评价此次活动。注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面的短文并背诵。Dear
Peter,How
is
everything
going?
In
your
letter,
you
asked
me
about
our
study
trip
during
the
winter
holiday.
I
want
to
tell
you
that
1. (它是一次有趣而又难忘的经历).?We
went
to
Nanjing
for
the
purpose
of
2. (了解这座城市的历史文化),
because
it
was
once
the
capital
of
six
dynasties
in
Chinese
history.
We
3. (参观了很多历史景观)
and
worked
together
in
groups
to
finish
our
tasks
that
our
teachers
assigned.
The
ten-day
journey
enriched
my
life
experience,
broadened
my
horizons
and
most
importantly,
4. (帮助我学会了如何和他人合作并制订合理的计划).?I
had
a
good
time.
It
is
really
a
good
way
of
5. (发展我们的创造性思维和理论结合实践).?Yours,Li
Hua
答案 1.it
was
an
interesting
and
unforgettable
experience 2.knowing
about
the
history
and
culture
of
the
city 3.visited
many
historical
sights 4.helped
me
learn
how
to
cooperate
with
others
and
make
plans
reasonably 5.developing
our
creative
thinking
and
combining
theories
with
practice
十四、人物传记
核心单词
循规蹈矩之中“熟记”
头脑风暴过程“串联”
名词
achievement
成就,成绩,功绩;contribution
贡献;courage勇气,胆量;determination
决心;
devotion
奉献;experience
经验,经历;failure
失败;hardship艰难;humour
(美humor)幽默,幽默感;intelligence
智力,才智;volunteer
义工,志愿者
外貌特征:amazed
adj.大为惊奇的;cheerful
adj.兴高采烈的;confused
adj.迷糊的;desperate
adj.绝望的;elegant
adj.文雅的,优美的;figure
n.体形,身材;ordinary
adj.普通的,平常的;overweight
adj.超重的,过重的;plain
adj.朴素的,简单的;pretty
adj.漂亮的,标致的;slim
adj.苗条的内在品质:creative
adj.创造性的;dignity
n.尊贵,高尚;disability
n.缺陷,障碍;easy-going
adj.随和的;gentle
adj.温柔的;grateful
adj.感激的;intelligent
adj.聪明的,有才智的;learned
adj.博学的,有学问的;nervous
adj.紧张的;stubborn
adj.固执的,倔强的;talent
n.天才,天赋;virtue
n.美德,品行;wisdom
n.智慧
动词
admire
钦佩,欣赏;contribute捐赠;促成;determine决定,决心;devote献身,致力,专心;inspire鼓舞,激励;possess具有,拥有;respect
尊敬,尊重
形容词
ambitious
有雄心的;confident
自信的;content愿意的,满意的;determined坚定的;energetic
精力旺盛的;generous
慷慨的,大方的;gifted有天赋的,有才华的;humorous
有幽默感的;independent独立的;outgoing
爱交际的,外向的;outstanding优秀的,杰出的;talented有才能的;kind-hearted
善良的
高频短语
at
the
age
of...在……岁时;be
honoured
as...被誉为……;be
gifted
with...有……天赋;be
active
in...积极从事……;be
enthusiastic
about...对……充满热情;be
satisfied/content
with...对……满意;be
skilled
in...在……方面熟练;have
a
talent/gift
for...有……才能;with
the
help
of...在……的帮助下
外貌特征:be
in
fashion
在流行中;dress
in
the
latest
fashion穿着入时;follow
the
fashion赶时髦内在品质:be
devoted
to致力于,专注于;be
qualified
for...适合,胜任……;
be
responsible
for...对……负责
经典句式
1.(2015广东)Amazingly,
she
earned
respect
from
her
students,
all
of
whom
later
grew
to
be
confident,
considerate
and
well-behaved.令人感到惊讶的是,她获得了学生的尊敬,后来这些学生都变得自信、体贴、彬彬有礼。2.(2015安徽)I
would
really
like
to
interview
him
because
he
is
not
only
the
first
Chinese
to
go
to
space
but
also
one
of
the
greatest
astronauts
in
the
world.我真的想要采访他,因为他不仅仅是第一个到太空的中国人,还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。3.(2015陕西)As
an
outgoing
girl,
I
get
along
well
with
my
classmates.作为一个外向的女孩,我和同学们相处得很好。4.I’m
Li
Hua,
a
student
from
China.
我是李华,一名来自中国的学生。5.As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
not
only
will
her
generosity
help
those
in
need
realize
their
dreams
and
rebuild
faith
in
life,
but
also
it
will
motivate
more
people
to
participate
in
such
a
good
deed.依我看来,她的慷慨不仅能帮助那些贫困者实现梦想、重拾生活的信心,而且还能激励更多人参加这样的一个善举。6.They
are
not
only
experienced
and
knowledgeable,
but
also
patient
and
understanding.他们不仅经验丰富、知识渊博,而且耐心、善解人意。7.So
poor
was
his
family
that
he
had
to
drop
out
at
the
age
of
12.他的家庭如此贫困以至于他十二岁时就不得不辍学。8.Li
Hua’s
courage
is
breathtaking.
Simply
because
of
his
ambition,
he
wins
our
admiration.李华的勇气是惊人的。仅仅因为他的志向,他就赢得了我们的敬佩。9.Owing
to
the
fact
that
he
can
do
whatever
he
has
chosen
to
do
with
great
perseverance,
he
has
made
great
achievements
in
many
fields.
因为他能够坚持不懈地做他所选择做的任何事情,所以他在很多领域都取得了巨大成就。10.His
charming
personality
lies
in
a
simple
fact
that
he
never
hesitates
to
help
others.他的人格魅力在于一个简单的事实:对帮助别人他从不犹豫。
必背范文
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣,并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信,内容包括:1.该人物是谁;2.该人物的主要贡献;3.该人物对你的影响。注意:1.词数不少于50;2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
用适当的词汇或句式完成下面短文并背诵Dear
Jim,It’s
great
to
hear
from
you.
I
feel
proud
to
know
you
are
interested
in
Chinese
history.As
for
1. (我最喜欢的人物)in
Chinese
history,
it
must
be
Wei
Yuan,
2. (一位伟大的思想家)
in
the
late
Qing
Dynasty.
He,
in
his
book,
Haiguo
Tuzhi(Maps
and
Records
of
the
World),
introduced
modern
technologies
and
ideas
to
China.
That
3. (开阔了我们的视野)
to
the
world.
In
fact,
he
4. (激励我主修英语)
in
college,
to
be
a
bridge
between
China
and
the
world.?Interested
in
knowing
more?
I
can
find
you
some
books!
Just
let
me
know.Cheers!Yours,Li
Hua
答案 1.my
favourite
figure 2.a
great
thinker 3.opened
our
eyes 4.inspires
me
to
major
in
English
21世纪教育网
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页）
2中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第三篇 语法高考热点篇
超级热点一 谓语动词
考点一 常考时态
一、一般现在时
1.一般现在时的构成
主要由动词原形构成。动词be的第一人称单数形式用am,第三人称单数形式用is,其他人称形式均用are。动词have的第三人称单数形式用has。实义动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则如下:
变化规则
例词
一般情况直接加-s
hate—hates
结尾为-s,-x,-sh,-ch或-o,在词尾加-es
discuss—discusses wash—washesteach—teaches
fix—fixes
go—goes
结尾为“辅音字母+y”,变y为i再加-es
carry—carries study—studies
2.一般现在时的用法
(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always,every
time,now
and
then,occasionally,often,seldom,never,sometimes,usually,every
day/night等连用。
(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作。
(3)在状语从句中,当主句是一般将来时态时,从句用一般现在时表将来。
二、一般过去时
1.一般过去时的构成
一般过去时由动词的过去式构成。规则动词的过去式的变化规则如下:
变化规则
例词
一般情况在动词后加-ed
prevent—prevented
以-e结尾的动词后加-d
like—liked
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i再加-ed
try—tried
以重读闭音节或/r/音节结尾,词尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写词尾的辅音字母再加-ed
refer—referredsubmit—submitted
2.一般过去时的用法
表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。常与often,usually,seldom
等表示频度的副词连用。还可以表示在过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在没有关系,常与yesterday,last
week,the
day
before
yesterday,
the
other
day,
in
the
past等表示过去的时间状语连用。
三、现在完成时
1.现在完成时的构成
现在完成时由have
done或has
done构成。
2.现在完成时的用法
(1)表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话时刚刚完成或结束,而对现在仍有影响。常用的时间状语:
already,just,yet,never,before,lately,recently,in
the
last(past)
few
days/years,up
to
now,till
now,so
far等。
(2)表示从过去某个时刻开始延续至今(可能还要延续下去)的动作或状态。常用的时间状语:since+时间点,for+时间段等。
(3)在条件和时间状语从句中,用现在完成时表示将来某时间前已完成的动作。
Will
you
come
to
my
office
when
you
have
finished
your
work?
3.常使用现在完成时的句型
(1)This/It/That
is
the
first/...time+that
sb.has/have
done
sth.;
(2)It/This
is
the+最高级+名词+(that)定语从句,从句中的谓语用现在完成时;
(3)It
is/has
been+一段时间+since
sb.
did
sth.。
考点二 常考被动语态的构成形式
一、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成,be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态的构成形式还有:get/become+过去分词。常考时态的被动语态形式如下(以动词give为例):
现在时
过去时
将来时
一般式
am
givenis
givenare
given
was
givenwere
given
shall
be
givenwill
be
given
完成式
has
been
givenhave
been
given
had
been
given
shall
have
been
givenwill
have
been
given
[温馨提示]
(1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有:have有;cost花费;lack缺少;belong
to属于;take
part
in参加。
(2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有:happen/take
place/occur发生;remain剩下;break
out爆发;last持续;come
out出版;come
up被提及;date
from/back
to追溯到;run
out用完。
二、主动形式表示被动意义
1.在某些“主语(人/物)+be+形容词+不定式”中,不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这些形容词有nice,easy,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。
2.“系动词feel,sound,taste,look,smell,appear,seem,turn,stay,become,get,grow,keep等+形容词/名词”构成系表结构,常常以主动形式表示被动意义。
3.在need,want,require,deserve,bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面,动名词主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
考点三 主谓一致
一、语法一致
1.不定式、动名词或名词性从句作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式。what引导的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。
2.如果主语后面带有as
well
as,with,along
with,together
with,rather
than,but,except,besides,including,in
addition
to等加其他名词时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
二、就近一致
1.由or,nor,either...or...,neither...nor...,not
only...but
also...,not...but...等连接并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数常和离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
2.there
be
句式中,主语是两个或多个并列名词时,be的形式与最邻近的主语保持一致。
三、意义一致
1.“分数/百分数/the
rest
of/the
majority
of/half
of/most
of/some
of
...+名词”构成的短语作主语时,谓语动词由短语中的名词来确定。
[温馨提示] quantities
of后无论是可数名词还是不可数名词,谓语动词均用复数形式。
2.“a
number
of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,意为“许多”;“the
number
of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,意为“……的数量”。
3.“the+形容词”表示一类人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。
4.people,police等集体名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;family,team,class,audience等作主语时,若指一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式,若指组成集体的成员,则用复数形式。
超级热点二 非谓语动词
考点一 非谓语动词作定语
1.分词作定语
表示被动、完成用过去分词(done);表示主动、进行用现在分词(doing);表示被动、进行用being
done。
①The
meeting
held
yesterday
was
very
important.
②The
meeting
being
held
now
is
very
important.
③There
are
many
people
dancing
in
the
hall
now.
2.不定式作定语
(1)不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后,表示将来的动作。不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是被动关系,若该不定式是不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。
(2)被修饰词是抽象名词时,常用不定式作定语。常见名词:ability,chance,idea,hope,wish,fact,excuse,promise,attempt,way
等。
(3)序数词,形容词最高级,the
last,the
only
等后或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后,常用不定式作定语。
考点二 非谓语动词作宾语
1.只接不定式作宾语的动词:agree,intend,plan,demand,promise,prepare,decide,refuse,choose,wish,hope,expect,fail
(未能),pretend,manage,determine,beg,arrange,threaten,claim,hesitate,wait,happen
(碰巧)等。
2.只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语:admit,avoid,consider,escape(避开),imagine,mind,miss,practise,suggest,feel
like,give
up,put
off,object
to,look
forward
to等。此外,have
difficulty/trouble
(in)
doing
sth.,have
fun
(in)
doing
sth.等句型中也用动名词作宾语。
3.接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词:
考点三 非谓语动词作主语和表语
1.动名词作主语和表语
(1)动名词作表语时相当于名词,用于解释主语的内容,表语和主语常常可以互换位置。
My
job
is
helping
the
children
learn
English(=Helping
the
children
learn
English
is
my
job).
(2)动名词作主语常表示抽象的、泛指的概念,也可用it作形式主语,把作真正主语的动名词短语放在句末。常用于固定句型:It’s
a
waste
of
time
doing...,It’s
no
use/good
doing...,There
is
no
point
doing...等。
(3)remain作系动词,意为“仍然是”时,后可接现在分词或过去分词作表语;但作不及物动词,意为“尚待……;留待……”时,后常接to
be
done。
She
remained
standing
though
we
repeatedly
asked
her
to
sit
down.
2.不定式作主语和表语
(1)不定式作主语时,一般表示具体某一次的动作。若不定式太长,常用it作形式主语而将不定式后置。
It’s
better
to
swim
this
afternoon.
(2)不定式作表语:①表示预定要发生的动作;②当主语是aim,purpose,idea,plan,wish,decision,choice等词时,常用不定式作表语;③主语为what引导的名词性从句时,表语多用不定式。
考点四 非谓语动词作状语
1.不定式作状语
(1)作目的状语,可用so
as
to/in
order
to,但
so
as
to一般不可置于句首,意为“为了;想要”。
(2)作原因状语,常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+to
do”结构中。这类形容词有:easy,difficult,hard,cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,heavy,good,important,impossible,dangerous,surprised,astonished,delighted,disappointed
等。
(3)作结果状语,常表示出乎意料的结果,常用于下列结构中:only
to
do,enough
to
do(足够做……),too...to
do...(太……而不能做……),so/such...as
to...(如此……以至于……)等。
2.分词作状语
非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。现在分词作状语时,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词作状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
Standing
on
the
top
of
the
mountain,
I
found
the
city
very
beautiful.
Praised
by
my
teacher,
I
felt
very
excited.
[温馨提示] 部分过去分词作状语时不表示被动,也不表完成,而表示一种状态。常见的有:situated/located
(坐落于),lost(迷路的),seated(坐着的),lost/absorbed/buried
in(沉溺于),tired
of(厌烦的),faced
with(面对)。
考点五 非谓语动词作宾补
1.分词作宾补
(1)现在分词作宾补时,与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主动关系,且强调正在进行的主动动作;过去分词作宾补时,与宾语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,且表示被动动作。可接分词作宾补的常见动词:感官动词(see,watch,observe,notice,hear,listen,feel),使役动词(have,get)以及find,leave,keep,catch等。
(2)使役动词have,get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点:①have
sth.
done=get
sth.
done让别人做某事;②have
sb./sth.
doing让某人/物一直做某事;get
sb./sth.
doing使某人/物开始做某事;③have
sb.
do
sth.=get
sb.
to
do
sth.让某人做某事。
(3)with的复合结构为:①with+宾语+doing表示主动,说明动作正在发生或将要发生;②with+宾语+done表示被动或完成;③with+宾语+to
do表示将要发生的动作。
2.不定式作宾补
不定式作宾补时,宾语和不定式之间在逻辑上是主动关系,不定式表示将要发出的主动动作。常接不定式作宾补的动词(短语):advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,intend,invite,order,persuade,prefer,require,remind,tell,want,warn,wish,call
on,depend
on等。
超级热点三 词性/词形变换
考点一 形容词变副词的规律
1.一般情况加-ly。如:entire→entirely;careful→carefully;
quick→quickly
2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,将y改为-ily。如:angry→angrily;heavy→heavily
3.以-ble结尾的,将-ble改为-bly。如:probable→probably;possible→possibly
4.以“元音字母+e”结尾的单词,去掉e再加-ly。如:true→truly
5.以ic结尾的,加-ally。如:basic→basically;energetic→energetically
考点二 动词/名词变形容词的常见后缀
后缀
例词
-able
comfort→comfortable fashion→fashionable
-al
music→musical person→personal
-ful
doubt→doubtful harm→harmful
-ive
effect→effective attract→attractive
-ous
anxiety→anxious curiosity→curious
-y
taste→tasty health→healthy
-ish
fool→foolish self→selfish
考点三 动词变名词的后缀
后缀
例词
-al
approve→approval arrive→arrival
-ance/-ence
appear→appearance exist→existence
-tion/-ation
compete→competition explain→explanation
-(ss)ion
discuss→discussion admit→admission
-ment
achieve→achievement argue→argument
-ure/-ture
press→pressure mix→mixture
-y
recover→recovery discover→discovery
其他
choose→choice vary→variety
考点四 变动词的前缀和后缀
前/后缀
例词
前缀
en-
able→enable large→enlarge
后缀
-en
strength→strengthen broad→broaden
-ify
class→classify simple→simplify
-ize
apology→apologize emphasis→emphasize
考点五 形容词/动词变名词的后缀
后缀
例词
-age
short→shortage
-cy
efficient→efficiency fluent→fluency
-dom
free→freedom wise→wisdom
-ce
different→difference silent→silence
后缀
例词
-ness
weak→weakness careless→carelessness
-th
grow→growth strong→strength
-ty/-ity
safe→safety disable→disability
考点六 表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀
前/后缀
例词
前缀
dis-
agree→disagree advantage→disadvantage
im-
polite→impolite patient→impatient
in-
formal→informal convenient→inconvenient
ir-
regular→irregular responsible→irresponsible
mis-
lead→mislead understand→misunderstand
un-
usual→unusual willing→unwilling
后缀
-less
hope→hopeless end→endless
超级热点四 定语从句
考点一 关系代词引导的定语从句
1.关系代词的基本用法
关系代词
先行词
在从句中所作的成分
who
人
主语、宾语
whom
人
宾语
which
物
主语、宾语
that
人或物
主语、宾语、表语
whose
人或物
定语
as
人或物
主语、宾语
2.that和which的用法区别
只用that的情况
先行词是all,few,little,much,something,anything,nothing等不定代词时
先行词被the
only,
the
very,the
right,all等修饰时
先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
先行词既有人又有物时
只用which的情况
引导非限制性定语从句时
关系代词指物,且前有介词时
3.as和which的区别
as
as引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句前、中、后,as常意为“正如……,正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为see,know,expect,say,mention,report等
which
which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时,只能置于主句后,常意为“这一点,这件事”等,which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系
考点二 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词
先行词
在从句中所作的成分
when
时间名词
时间状语
where
地点名词或抽象名词(situation,position,
point,
activity,case,stage等)
地点状语
why
the
reason
原因状语
考点三 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,介词的宾语只能用which或whom,且不能省略。
2.在非限制性定语从句中,whose修饰物时可以换为“the+名词+of
which”;修饰人时,可以换为“the+名词+of
whom”。
The
house,
the
window
of
which(=whose
window)
is
very
big,
looks
very
beautiful.
超级热点五 并列连词和状语从句
考点一 并列连词
1.表并列、递进或顺承关系的并列连词:and,both...and...,neither...nor...,not
only...but
also...,as
well
as,
not...but...
2.表转折的并列连词:but,yet;表对比关系的并列连词:while
[温馨提示] but不与although/though连用,但yet,still可与although/though连用。
3.表选择关系的并列连词:or,either...or...
4.表因果关系的并列连词:so,for
(表“由于”,一般不放在句首)
5.when可用作并列连词,意为“这时,那时”,相当于and
at
this/that
time。常用于下列句式:
(1)be
about
to
do
sth.
when...正要做某事,这时突然……
(2)be
on
the
point
of
doing
sth.
when...正要做某事,这时突然……
(3)be
doing
sth.
when...正在做某事,这时突然……
(4)had
done
sth.
when...刚做完某事,这时突然……
考点二 状语从句
一、时间状语从句
1.when,while和as引导的时间状语从句
when
从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生
while
从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as
从句谓语一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行,可意为“一边……,一边……;随着……”
2.表示“一……就……”引导的时间状语从句的连词:as
soon
as,the
moment,the
minute,the
instant,immediately,directly
3.before,since引导的时间状语从句
(1)before表示“在……之前;还未……就……;还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式:①It
will
be/was+一段时间+before...过了……时间才……;②It
won’t
be/wasn’t+一段时间+before...没过多久就……。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”,常用句式:It
is/has
been+一段时间+since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时,主句的时态常用现在完成时。
4.till/until引导的时间状语从句
till/until用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”,其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词;not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”,not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首,而till不能。
5.every
time,each
time,next
time,the
first
time,by
the
time等引导的时间状语从句
二、让步状语从句
1.although,though,as,while,even
if,
even
though引导的让步状语从句
(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序,也可不倒装;although引导的从句不倒装;as引导的从句必须用倒装语序。
Tired
as/though
we
were,
we
continued
working
in
the
field.
(2)though可用作副词,意为“然而”,表转折,置于句末或句中。
(3)while引导让步状语从句,只能置于句首。
(4)even
if/even
though引导让步状语从句时,表示语气更强的让步,意为“即使,即便”。
2.“疑问词+-ever”引导的让步状语从句
where(what,who,whom,when,which,how)+-ever表示“无论……”,引导让步状语从句时,相当于no
matter
where(what,who,whom,when,which,how)。
3.whether...or...引导的让步状语从句
whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”,提供两种对比情况。
All
people,whether
they
are
old
or
young,rich
or
poor,have
been
trying
their
best
to
help
those
in
need
since
the
disaster.
三、其他状语从句
从句类型
连词
条件状语从句
if,unless(=if...not),so/as
long
as(只要),on
condition
that,in
case(万一)
原因状语从句
because,as,since,now
that
目的状语从句
so
that,in
order
that,in
case
(以防),for
fear
that(以免)
结果状语从句
so
that,so...that...,such...that...
地点状语从句
where,wherever
方式状语从句
as(正如,正像),as
if/as
though(好像)
比较状语从句
than,as...as...,not
as/so...as...
超级热点六 名词性从句
考点一 主语从句
1.主语从句的连接词
从属连词
that,whether,if等
只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
连接代词
what,who,whom,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等
连接副词
where,when,why,how
在从句中作状语
[温馨提示]
(1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。
(2)当主语从句位于句首时,常用whether引导,而不用if。
2.形式主语
it作形式主语的常见句型:
(1)It+be+形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)+that从句
(2)It+be+名词(短语)(a
pity/a
shame/no
wonder等)+that从句
(3)It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported等)+that从句
[温馨提示] 当it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末时,用if或whether引导均可,但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接or
not时,只能用whether。
考点二 宾语从句
1.宾语从句的连接词
从属连词
that,whether,if等
只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
连接代词
what,who,whom,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等
连接副词
when,where,how,why
在从句中作状语
[温馨提示]
(1)that引导宾语从句时,常被省去,但下列情况下不能省略:①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个that可省略,其余的不可省略;②宾语从句前有插入语时;③that引导的从句位于句首时。
(2)一般情况下介词后常用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句,连接词表示“是否”时,只用whether,不用if。
2.形式宾语
宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后,但是,在下列情况下,须用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。
(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make+it+宾补(形容词或名词)+不定式/从句
(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy+it+从句
(3)动词短语see
to+it+从句
(4)固定搭配take
it
for
granted
that/owe
it
to
sb.
that...
考点三 表语从句
1.表语从句的连接词
从属连词
as
if/as
though,that,whether等
只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
连接代词
what,who,whom,which,whatever,whoever,whichever
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等
连接副词
when,where,how,why
在从句中作状语
[温馨提示] if不能引导表语从句;that引导表语从句时不能省略。
2.as
if/as
though引导表语从句
as
if/as
though意为“好像,仿佛”,引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel,smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况,从句用虚拟语气;若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。
3.其他常考的表语从句
(1)This/That
is
why+...(表结果)“这/那就是……的原因”
(2)This/That
is
because...(表原因)“这/那是因为……”
(3)The
reason
why...is
that...(表原因)“……的原因是……”
考点四 易混辨析
1.that和what的区别
that引导名词性从句时,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,也没有任何含义;而what引导名词性从句时,在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
2.whether与if引导的名词性从句
(1)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句末,但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末,且前面需用it作形式主语。
(2)whether与if引导宾语从句时,大多数情况下可以互换,后面直接跟or
not时用whether,用于介词后引导宾语从句时也用whether。
(3)whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句,而if则不可以。
超级热点七 名词
考点 可数名词的数
1.可数名词复数的常用变化规则
变化规则
例词
一般情况加-s
mouth—mouths
以-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加-es
class—classes box—boxesbrush—brushes
match—matches
以“辅音字母+y”
结尾的变y为i加-es
factory—factories
以“元音字母+y结尾”的直接加-s
toy—toys
部分以-o结尾的名词加-es
tomato—tomatoes potato—potatoes
以-f,-fe结尾的名词,通常变f或fe为v再加-es
thief—thieves knife—knives
wife—wives
[温馨提示]
(1)stomach(胃)的复数是stomachs
(2)以下这些以-o结尾的名词复数直接加-s:radio—radios;zoo—zoos;bamboo—bamboos;piano—pianos;photo—photos
2.名词的所有格
(1)有生命的名词,其所有格一般在名词后加-’s。
(2)表示时间、城市、地域、团体、机构等非生命的事物后也可加-’s表示其所有格。
(3)无生命的名词,借用of表示所属关系。
超级热点八 形容词、副词和比较等级
考点一 形容词和副词的基本用法
1.形容词的基本用法
(1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等。
(2)形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。
2.副词的基本用法
(1)副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或修饰整个句子,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。
(2)常考的连接性副词:meanwhile“在此期间”;therefore/thus/consequently“因此,所以”;moreover/furthermore“而且,此外”;besides“另外,还有”;however“然而”;instead“相反,代替”;anyway/anyhow“尽管,即使这样”;otherwise“否则”。
3.常考易错的几个副词
free(免费地)/freely(自由地),hard(努力地)/hardly(几乎不),late(晚,迟)/lately(最近),most(很,最)/mostly(主要地),fair(公平地)/fairly(相当地),near(临近)/nearly(几乎)等。
考点二 形容词和副词的比较等级
1.比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则变化
变化规则
例词
单音节的词一般在后面加-er和-est
cold→colder→coldest
以“辅音字母+-e”结尾的词,在后面加-r和-st
late→later→latest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,将y变为i,再加-er和-est
easy-easier-easiest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,则双写这个辅音字母,再加-er和-est
hot→hotter→hottest
其他双音节和多音节的词在前面加more和most
beautiful→more
beautiful→most
beautiful
(2)不规则变化
good/well→better→best;bad/ill→worse→worst;many/much→more→most;far→farther/further→farthest/furthest;old→older/elder→oldest/eldest;little→less→least
2.比较等级的用法
(1)同级比较
①as+adj./adv.(原形)+as...“和……一样”;not
as/so+adj./adv.(原形)+as...“和……不一样”
②当as...as结构中有名词时,可用以下结构:
as+形容词原级+a(n)+单数名词+as...
as+many+可数名词复数+as...
as+much+不可数名词+as...
(2)比较级
“形容词/副词比较级+than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”。“less+形容词/副词原级+than”结构,表示“一方不及另一方……”。
[温馨提示]
修饰比较级的副词:much,even,still,far,yet,a
little,a
lot,a
bit,rather,any等。more,very等副词不可修饰比较级。
(3)最高级
①表示三者或三者以上的比较,常见的结构:“the+最高级+表示比较范围的短语或从句”,表示“……是……中最……的”。
②最高级的其他表达法
否定词+比较级
比较级+than+any
other+单数名词
比较级+than+all
the
other+复数名词
比较级+than+any
of
the
other+复数名词
比较级+than
anything/anyone
else
(4)含有比较级的特殊句型
①the+比较级,the+比较级 越……,越……
②比较级+比较级 越来越……
③the+比较级+of
the
two+名词 两者中较……的那个
④more...than...与其说……不如说……
⑤no+比较级+than
和……一样不……
⑥not+比较级+than
不比……更……
⑦倍数句型
A
is+倍数+比较级+than+B
A
is+倍数+as+原级+as+B
A
is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height等)+of+B
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第四篇 做烂高考题
一、真题“跨界”改
语法填空专练
Passage
1(2019课标全国Ⅰ完形填空改编)
Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt
1 (climb)
Kilimanjaro,
the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.
They
bring
with
them
lots
of
waste.
The
crowds
might
damage
the
beauty
of
the
place.
The
glaciers
(冰川)
are
disappearing,
changing
the
face
of
Kilimanjaro.?
Hearing
these
stories,
I’m
skeptical
about
the
place—other
destinations
2 (describe)
as
“purer”
natural
experiences.?
However,
I
soon
discover
that
much
3 (change)
since
the
days
of
disturbing
reports
of
camps
among
tons
of
rubbish.
I
find
a
clean
mountain,
with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths.
The
environmental
challenges
are
significant
but
the
efforts
4 (make)
by
the
Tanzania
National
Park
Authority
seem
to
be
paying
off.?
The
best
of
a
Kilimanjaro
experience,
in
my
opinion,
isn’t
reaching
the
top.
Mountains
are
regarded
as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.
This
view
is
especially
5 (evidence)
on
Kilimanjaro
as
climbers
go
through
five
ecosystems
(生态系统)
in
the
space
of
a
few
kilometers.
At
the
base
is
a
rainforest.
It
ends
abruptly
at
3,000
meters,
6 (give)
way
to
lands
of
low
growing
plants.
Further
up,
the
weather
changes—low
clouds
envelope
the
mountainsides,
7
are
covered
with
thick
grass.
I
count
twelve
shades
of
green
from
where
I
stand.
Above
4,000
meters
is
the
highland
desert:
gravel
(砾石),
stones
and
rocks.
8 (final)
you
climb
into
9
arctic-like
zone
with
permanent
snow
and
the
glaciers
that
may
soon
disappear.?
Does
Kilimanjaro
deserve
its
reputation
10
a
crowded
mountain
with
lines
of
tourists
ruining
the
atmosphere
of
peace?
I
found
the
opposite
to
be
true.?
答案 1.to
climb 2.are
described 3.has
changed 4.made
5.evident 6.giving 7.which 8.Finally 9.an 10.as
Passage
2(2019课标全国Ⅱ完形填空改编)
It’s
about
250
miles
from
the
hills
of
west-central
Iowa
to
Ehlers’
home
in
Minnesota.
During
the
long
trip
home,
1 (follow)
a
weekend
of
hunting,
Ehlers
thought
about
the
small
dog
he
had
seen
trembling
alongside
the
road.
He
had
tried
to
coax(哄)
the
dog
to
him
but,
2 (frighten),
it
had
run
off.
?
Back
home,
Ehlers
3 (trouble)
by
that
lost
dog.
So,
four
days
later,
he
called
his
friend
Greg,
and
the
two
drove
back.
After
a
long
and
careful
search,
Greg
saw,
across
a
field,
the
dog
moving
4 (cautious)
away.
Ehlers
eventually
succeeded
in
coaxing
the
animal
to
him.
5 (nervous)
and
fear
were
replaced
with
joy.
It
just
started
licking(舔)
Ehlers’
face.?
A
local
farmer
told
them
the
dog
sounded
like
one
advertised
as
lost
in
the
local
paper.
The
ad
had
a
phone
number
for
a
town
in
southern
Michigan.
Ehlers
called
the
number
of
Jeff
and
Lisa
to
tell
them
he
had
found
their
dog.
Jeff
6 (hunt)
in
Iowa
before
Thanksgiving
with
his
dog,
Rosie,
but
the
gun
shots
had
scared
the
dog
off.
Jeff
searched
in
vain
7 Rosie
in
the
next
four
days.?
Ehlers
returned
to
Minnesota,
and
then
drove
100
miles
to
Minneapolis
8 (put)
Rosie
on
a
flight
to
Michigan.
“It’s
good
to
know
there’s
still
someone
out
there
9
cares
enough
to
go
to
that
kind
of
trouble,”
says
Lisa
of
Ehlers’
rescue
effort.?
“I
figured
whoever
lost
the
dog
was
probably
just
as
close
to
10
as
I
am
to
my
dogs,”
says
Ehlers.
“If
it
had
been
my
dog,
I’d
hope
that
somebody
would
be
willing
to
go
that
extra
mile.”?
答案 1.following 2.frightened 3.was
troubled
4.cautiously 5.Nervousness 6.had
hunted 7.for 8.to
put 9.who 10.it
Passage
3(2019课标全国Ⅲ完形填空改编)
The
small
town
of
Rjukan
in
Norway
is
situated
between
several
mountains
and
does
not
get
direct
sunlight
1
late
September
to
mid-March—nearly
six
months
out
of
the
year.?
“Of
course,
we
notice
it
when
the
sun
is
shining,”
says
Karin
Ro,
who
2
(work)
for
the
town’s
tourism
office.
“We
see
the
sky
is
blue,
but
down
in
the
valley
it’s
3 (dark)—it’s
like
on
a
cloudy
day.”?
But
that
changed
when
a
system
of
high-tech
mirrors
4 (introduce)
to
reflect
sunlight
from
neighboring
peaks
(山峰)
into
the
valley
below.
Wednesday,
residents
(居民)
of
Rjukan
received
their
very
first
ray
of
winter
sunshine:
A
row
of
reflective
boards
on
a
nearby
mountainside
were
put
to
use.
The
mirrors
are
controlled
by
a
computer
5
directs
them
to
turn
along
with
the
sun
throughout
the
day
and
6 (close)
during
windy
weather.
They
reflect
a
concentrated
beam
(束)
of
light
onto
the
town’s
central
square,
7 (create)
an
area
of
sunlight
roughly
600
square
meters.
When
the
light
appeared,
Rjukan
residents
gathered
together.?
“People
have
been
sitting
there
and
standing
there
and
taking
pictures
of
each
other,”
Ro
says.
“The
town
square
was
8 (total)
full.
I
think
almost
all
the
people
in
the
town
were
there.”
The
3,500
residents
cannot
all
enjoy
the
sunshine
at
the
same
time.
9 ,
the
new
light
feels
like
more
than
enough
for
the
town’s
sun-starved
residents.?
“It’s
not
very
big,”
she
says,
“ 10
it
is
enough
when
we
are
sharing.”?
答案 1.from 2.works 3.darker 4.was
introduced
5.that/which 6.to
close 7.creating 8.totally 9.However 10.but
短文改错专练
Proofreading
1(2019课标全国Ⅰ书面表达改编)
Dear
Sir
or
Madam,
I
am
writing
to
apply
to
be
a
volunteer
for
the
Chinese
painting
exhibition,
that
will
be
held
in
your
art
gallery.
I
think
I
was
qualified
for
this
job,
because
I
learned
Chinese
painting
since
childhood.
Equally
important,
I
am
fluent
in
both
Chinese
or
English,
so
I
have
no
difficulty
communicate
with
others.
If
I
am
lucky
enough
to
be
chosen
for
a
volunteer,
I
can
show
visitor
around
the
gallery.
Besides,
I
will
answer
our
questions
about
the
paintings
after
some
properly
training.
I
would
be
very
grateful
if
you
could
offer
to
me
the
opportunity.
I’m
looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua
答案
Dear
Sir
or
Madam,
I
am
writing
to
apply
to
be
a
volunteer
for
the
Chinese
painting
exhibition,
①
will
be
held
in
your
art
gallery.
I
think
I
②
qualified
for
this
job,
because
I
③
earned
Chinese
painting
since
childhood.
Equally
important,
I
am
fluent
in
both
Chinese
④
English,
so
I
have
no
difficulty
⑤
with
others.
If
I
am
lucky
enough
to
be
chosen
⑥
a
volunteer,
I
can
show
⑦
around
the
gallery.
Besides,
I
will
answer
⑧
questions
about
the
paintings
after
some
⑨
training.
I
would
be
very
grateful
if
you
could
offer
⑩
me
the
opportunity.
I’m
looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua
Proofreading
2(2019课标全国Ⅱ书面表达改编)
Dear
Chris,
I’m
writing
to
let
you
to
know
that
we
will
have
a
volleyball
match
next
month.
The
match
will
take
place
in
our
school
gym
in
the
morning
of
July
8th.We
will
play
a
team
from
Lingnan
High
School.
For
good
performance
in
the
match,
we
must
get
fully
preparing
and
practice
hardly.
So
starting
tomorrow,
we
all
need
to
train
for
one
and
a
half
hour
after
school
every
day.
Beside,
we
should
avoid
getting
hurt
during
the
training
and
have
a
health
diet
to
keep
fit.
You’re
a
excellent
player.
With
you
on
the
team,
we
have
every
hope
of
beat
Lingnan.
Let’s
try
hard
together!
Cheers,
Li
Hua
答案
Dear
Chris,
I’m
writing
to
let
you
①
know
that
we
will
have
a
volleyball
match
next
month.
The
match
will
take
place
in
our
school
gym
②
the
morning
of
July
8th.We
will
play
③
a
team
from
Lingnan
High
School.
For
good
performance
in
the
match,
we
must
get
fully
④
and
practice
⑤.
So
starting
tomorrow,
we
all
need
to
train
for
one
and
a
half
⑥
after
school
every
day.
⑦,
we
should
avoid
getting
hurt
during
the
training
and
have
a
⑧
diet
to
keep
fit.
You’re
⑨
excellent
player.
With
you
on
the
team,
we
have
every
hope
of
⑩
Lingnan.
Let’s
try
hard
together!
Cheers,
Li
Hua
Proofreading
3(2019课标全国Ⅲ书面表达改编)
Dear
Allen,
How
is
something
going?
Our
school
will
hold
a
music
festival
in
next
Saturday
morning
in
the
school
hall
to
enrich
students’
after-school
life.
As
a
organizer,
I’m
writing
to
invite
you
to
join
us.
The
opening
ceremony
will
held
at
9:00
am,
and
the
schoolmaster
will
deliver
a
speech.
Following
the
speech
was
a
one-hour
lecture
under
the
title
of
“A
Brief
History
of
Chinese
Music”
by
Professor
Guo,
after
which
they
will
be
various
fantastic
performances
playing
by
talented
students.
You
are
particular
welcome
to
show
up
on
stage,
that
will
definitely
add
color
and
fun
to
our
festival.
Looking
forward
to
hear
from
you.
Best
wishes,
Li
Hua
答案
Dear
Allen,
How
is
①
going?
Our
school
will
hold
a
music
festival
②
next
Saturday
morning
in
the
school
hall
to
enrich
students’
after-school
life.
As
③
organizer,
I’m
writing
to
invite
you
to
join
us.
The
opening
ceremony
will
④
held
at
9:00
am,
and
the
schoolmaster
will
deliver
a
speech.
Following
the
speech
⑤
a
one-hour
lecture
under
the
title
of
“A
Brief
History
of
Chinese
Music”
by
Professor
Guo,
after
which
⑥
will
be
various
fantastic
performances
⑦
by
talented
students.
You
are
⑧
welcome
to
show
up
on
stage,
⑨
will
definitely
add
color
and
fun
to
our
festival.
Looking
forward
to
⑩
from
you.
Best
wishes,
Li
Hua
二、再做“分类”卷
阅读理解专练
广告新闻类
Passage
1(2019课标全国Ⅰ,A)
Need
a
Job
This
Summer?
The
provincial
government
and
its
partners
offer
many
programs
to
help
students
find
summer
jobs.
The
deadlines
and
what
you
need
to
apply
depend
on
the
program.
Not
a
student?Go
to
the
government
website
to
learn
about
programs
and
online
tools
available
to
help
people
under
30
build
skills,
find
a
job
or
start
businesses
all
year
round.
Jobs
for
Youth
If
you
are
a
teenager
living
in
certain
parts
of
the
province,
you
could
be
eligible(符合条件)for
this
program,
which
provides
eight
weeks
of
paid
employment
along
with
training.
Who
is
eligible:Youth
15—18
years
old
in
select
communities(社区).
Summer
Company
Summer
Company
provides
students
with
hands-on
business
training
and
awards
of
up
to
$3,000
to
start
and
run
their
own
summer
businesses.
Who
is
eligible:Students
aged
15—29,
returning
to
school
in
the
fall.
Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
Program
You
could
apply
to
be
a
Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
and
work
on
local
natural
resource
management
projects
for
eight
weeks
this
summer.
Who
is
eligible:Students
aged
16
or
17
at
time
of
hire,
but
not
turning
18
before
December
31
this
year.
Summer
Employment
Opportunities(机会)
Through
the
Summer
Employment
Opportunities
program,
students
are
hired
each
year
in
a
variety
of
summer
positions
across
the
Provincial
Public
Service,
its
related
agencies
and
community
groups.
Who
is
eligible:Students
aged
15
or
older.
Some
positions
require
students
to
be
15
to
24
or
up
to
29
for
persons
with
a
disability.
1.What
is
special
about
Summer
Company?
A.It
requires
no
training
before
employment.
B.It
provides
awards
for
running
new
businesses.
C.It
allows
one
to
work
in
the
natural
environment.
D.It
offers
more
summer
job
opportunities.
2.What
is
the
age
range
required
by
Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
Program?
A.15—18.
B.15—24.
C.15—29.
D.16—17.
3.Which
program
favors
the
disabled?
A.Jobs
for
Youth.
B.Summer
Company.
C.Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
Program.
D.Summer
Employment
Opportunities.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文,主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容为暑期工作介绍。文章介绍了省政府及其合作伙伴为学生提供的几个暑期工作项目。本文旨在培养学生多渠道获得信息的能力。
1.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为:Summer
Company
有什么特别之处?根据Summer
Company标题下第一句(Summer
Company给学生提供实际操作的商业培训和高达3,000美元的夏季自我创业奖励)可知B
项正确(为创业者提供奖励)。A:在上岗前不要求培训;C:让一个人在自然环境下工作;D:提供更多的夏季工作机会。
2.D 细节理解题。本题题干意为:Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
Program要求的年龄范围是多大?根据Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
Program标题下第二段中的学生年龄是16或17岁,并且在今年12月31日以前不满18岁。由此可知答案为D项。
3.D 细节理解题。本题题干意为:哪个项目对残疾人有利?根据题干中的the
disabled可定位到Summer
Employment
Opportunities部分最后一句话(有些职位要求学生年龄15到24岁,有残疾的可以放宽到29岁)。由此可知答案为D项。
Passage
2(2019课标全国Ⅱ,A)
My
Favourite
Books
Jo
Usmar
is
a
writer
for
Cosmopolitan
and
co-author
of
the
This
Book
Will
series(系列)
of
lifestyle
books.
Here
she
picks
her
top
reads.
Matilda
Roald
Dahl
I
once
wrote
a
paper
on
the
influence
of
fairy
tales
on
Roald
Dahl’s
writing
and
it
gave
me
a
new
appreciation
for
his
strange
and
delightful
worlds.
Matilda’s
battles
with
her
cruel
parents
and
the
bossy
headmistress,
Miss
Trunchbull,
are
equally
funny
and
frightening,
but
they’re
also
aspirational.
After
Dark
Haruki
Murakami
It’s
about
two
sisters—Eri,
a
model
who
either
won’t
or
can’t
stop
sleeping,
and
Mari,
a
young
student.
In
trying
to
connect
to
her
sister,
Mari
starts
changing
her
life
and
discovers
a
world
of
diverse“night
people”who
are
hiding
secrets.
Gone
Girl
Gillian
Flynn
There
was
a
bit
of
me
that
didn’t
want
to
love
this
when
everyone
else
on
the
planet
did,
but
the
horror
story
is
brilliant.
There’s
tension
and
anxiety
from
the
beginning
as
Nick
and
Amy
battle
for
your
trust.
It’s
a
real
whodunit
and
the
frustration
when
you
realise
what’s
going
on
is
horribly
enjoyable.
The
Stand
Stephen
King
This
is
an
excellent
fantasy
novel
from
one
of
the
best
storytellers
around.
After
a
serious
flu
outbreak
wipes
out
99.4%
of
the
world’s
population,
a
battle
unfolds
between
good
and
evil
among
those
left.
Randall
Flagg
is
one
of
the
scariest
characters
ever.
4.Who
does
“I”
refer
to
in
the
text?
A.Stephen
King.
B.Gillian
Flynn.
C.Jo
Usmar.
D.Roald
Dahl.
5.Which
of
the
following
tells
about
Mari
and
Eri?
A.Cosmopolitan.
B.Matilda.
C.After
Dark.
D.The
Stand.
6.What
kind
of
book
is
Gone
Girl?
A.A
folk
tale.
B.A
biography.
C.A
love
story.
D.A
horror
story.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为文学艺术。文章介绍了一位作家对自己喜欢的几本书的评价。本文侧重于培养学生的文化意识。
4.C 词义猜测题。本题题干意为:文章中的“I”
指的是谁?根据第一段可知本文是作者Jo
Usmar的书评。根据Matilda中的“I
once
wrote
a
paper
on
the
influence
of
fairy
tales
on
Roald
Dahl’s
writing
and
it
gave
me...”可知,此处I
指的是Jo
Usmar,故选C项。其他几项都是文章中提到的几本书的作者。
5.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:下面哪个选项讲述了Mari和Eri?在文章有关After
Dark的书评中,作者介绍了Eri和Mari,因此C项正确。A项Cosmopolitan是作者介绍Jo
Usmar时提及的她的一本书。B项和D项是书评介绍中的两本书。
6.D 推理判断题。本题题干意为:Gone
Girl是一本什么样的书?根据文章Gone
Girl部分的介绍,尤其是“but
the
horror
story
is
brilliant”可知,这本书是关于恐怖故事的,故D项正确。A:民间传说;B:传记;C:爱情故事。
Passage
3(2018课标全国Ⅰ,A)
Washington,
D.C.
Bicycle
Tours
Cherry
Blossom
Bike
Tour
in
Washington,
D.C.
Duration:3
hours
This
small
group
bike
tour
is
a
fantastic
way
to
see
the
world-famous
cherry
trees
with
beautiful
flowers
of
Washington,
D.C.
Your
guide
will
provide
a
history
lesson
about
the
trees
and
the
famous
monuments
where
they
blossom.
Reserve
your
spot
before
availability—and
the
cherry
blossoms—disappear!
Washington
Capital
Monuments
Bicycle
Tour
Duration:3
hours(4
miles)
Join
a
guided
bike
tour
and
view
some
of
the
most
popular
monuments
in
Washington,
D.C.
Explore
the
monuments
and
memorials
on
the
National
Mall
as
your
guide
shares
unique
facts
and
history
at
each
stop.
Guided
tour
includes
bike,
helmet,
cookies
and
bottled
water.
Capital
City
Bike
Tour
in
Washington,
D.C.
Duration:3
hours
Morning
or
Afternoon,
this
bike
tour
is
the
perfect
tour
for
D.C.
newcomers
and
locals
looking
to
experience
Washington,
D.C.
in
a
healthy
way
with
minimum
effort.
Knowledgeable
guides
will
entertain
you
with
the
most
interesting
stories
about
Presidents,
Congress,
memorials,
and
parks.
Comfortable
bikes
and
a
smooth
tour
route(路线)make
cycling
between
the
sites
fun
and
relaxing.
Washington
Capital
Sites
at
Night
Bicycle
Tour
Duration:3
hours(7
miles)
Join
a
small
group
bike
tour
for
an
evening
of
exploration
in
the
heart
of
Washington,
D.C.
Get
up
close
to
the
monuments
and
memorials
as
you
bike
the
sites
of
Capitol
Hill
and
the
National
Mall.
Frequent
stops
are
made
for
photo
taking
as
your
guide
offers
unique
facts
and
history.
Tour
includes
bike,
helmet,
and
bottled
water.
All
riders
are
equipped
with
reflective
vests
and
safety
lights.
7.Which
tour
do
you
need
to
book
in
advance?
A.Cherry
Blossom
Bike
Tour
in
Washington,
D.C.
B.Washington
Capital
Monuments
Bicycle
Tour.
C.Capital
City
Bike
Tour
in
Washington,
D.C.
D.Washington
Capital
Sites
at
Night
Bicycle
Tour.
8.What
will
you
do
on
the
Capital
City
Bike
Tour?
A.Meet
famous
people.
B.Go
to
a
national
park.
C.Visit
well-known
museums.
D.Enjoy
interesting
stories.
9.Which
of
the
following
does
the
bicycle
tour
at
night
provide?
A.City
maps.
B.Cameras.
C.Meals.
D.Safety
lights.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文的题材为旅游。文章为那些自行车爱好者介绍了四个骑自行车探索美国首都华盛顿的项目。
7.A 细节理解题。根据第一个项目中的Reserve
your
spot
before
availability可知,第一个游玩项目需要预订,所以答案为A项。其他三个项目都没有提及需要预订。
8.D 细节理解题。根据第三个游玩项目中的第二句话(知识渊博的导游会给你讲关于总统、国会、纪念碑和公园的最有趣的故事,让你开心。)可知,在这个游玩项目中你会享受到有趣的故事,所以答案为D项。
9.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的最后一句话(所有的骑手都配备了反光背心和安全灯。)可知答案为D项。
Passage
4(2018课标全国Ⅱ,A)
Summer
Activities
Students
should
read
the
list
with
their
parents/carers,
and
select
two
activities
they
would
like
to
do.
Forms
will
be
available
in
school
and
online
for
them
to
indicate
their
choices
and
return
to
school.
Before
choices
are
finalised,
parents/carers
will
be
asked
to
sign
to
confirm
their
child’s
choices.
Activity
Description
Member
of
staff
Cost
Outdoor
Adventure
(OUT)
Take
yourself
out
of
your
comfort
zone
for
a
week,
discover
new
personal
qualities,
and
learn
new
skills.
You
will
be
able
to
take
part
in
a
number
of
activities
from
canoeing
to
wild
camping
on
Dartmoor.
Learn
rock
climbing
and
work
as
a
team,and
enjoy
the
great
outdoor
environment.
Mr.
Clemens
￡140
WWⅠBattlefields
and
Paris(WBP)
On
Monday
we
travel
to
London.
After
staying
overnight
in
London,
we
travel
on
Day
2
to
northern
France
to
visit
the
World
War
Ⅰ
battlefields.
On
Day
3
we
cross
into
Belgium.
Thursday
sees
us
make
the
short
journey
to
Paris
where
we
will
visit
Disneyland
Paris
park,
staying
until
late
to
see
the
parade
and
the
fireworks.
Our
final
day,
Friday,
sees
us
visit
central
Paris
and
tour
the
main
sights.
Mrs.
Wilson
￡425
Crafty
Foxes(CRF)
Four
days
of
product
design
centred
around
textiles.
Making
lovely
objects
using
recycled
and
made
materials.
Bags,
cushions
and
decorations...Learn
skills
and
leave
with
modern
and
unusual
textiles.
Mrs.
Goode
￡30
Potty
about
Potter(POT)
Visit
Warner
Bros
Studio,
shop
stop
to
buy
picnic,
stay
overnight
in
an
approved
Youth
Hostel
in
Streatley-on-Thames,
guided
tour
of
Oxford
to
see
the
film
locations,
picnic
lunch
outside
Oxford’s
Christchurch,
boating
on
the
River
Cherwell
through
the
University
Parks,
before
heading
back
to
Exeter.
Miss
Drake
￡150
10.Which
activity
will
you
choose
if
you
want
to
go
camping?
A.OUT.
B.WBP.
C.CRF.
D.POT.
11.What
will
the
students
do
on
Tuesday
with
Mrs.
Wilson?
A.Travel
to
London.
B.See
a
parade
and
fireworks.
C.Tour
central
Paris.
D.Visit
the
WWⅠ
battlefields.
12.How
long
does
Potty
about
Potter
last?
A.Two
days.
B.Four
days.
C.Five
days.
D.One
week.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四项供学生选择的暑期活动。
10.A 细节理解题。题干句意:如果你想去野营,你将选择哪项活动?根据camping一词直接定位表格中第一项活动OUT。根据OUT中第二句(在达特穆尔你可以参加从划独木舟到野营的很多活动。)可知A项正确。
11.D 细节理解题。题干句意:在周二,学生们将和Wilson女士在一起做什么?根据Mrs.
Wilson直接定位表格中第二项活动WBP。根据WBP中第一、二句(星期一,我们去伦敦旅行。在伦敦待一晚上后,第二天我们去法国北部参观一战战场。)可知D项正确。
12.A 细节理解题。题干句意:Potty
about
Potter持续多长时间?由Potty
about
Potter直接定位表格中第四项活动POT。根据POT中第一句中关键信息stay
overnight可知该项活动持续两天的时间,故选择A项。
Passage
5(2017课标全国Ⅲ,A)
San
Francisco
Fire
Engine
Tours
San
Francisco
Winery
Tour?
Running:February
1st
through
April
30th
This
delicious
tour
goes
through
the
city
on
its
way
to
Treasure
Island
where
we
will
stop
at
the
famous
Winery
SF.
Here
you
can
enjoy
4
pours
of
some
of
the
best
wine
San
Francisco
has
to
offer.(Included
in
ticket
price)
Departing
from
the
Cannery:Tour
times
upon
request
Duration(时长):2
hours
Price:$90
Back
to
the
Fifties
Tour?
Running:August
16th
through
August
31st
This
tour
transports
you
back
in
time
to
one
of
San
Francisco’s
most
fantastic
periods,
the
1950s!Enjoy
fun
history
as
we
take
you
through
San
Francisco
for
a
free
taste
of
ice
cream.
Departing
from
the
Cannery:5:00
pm
and
7:30
pm
Duration:2
hours
Price:$90
Spooky
Halloween
Tour?
Running:October
10th
through
October
31st
Join
us
for
a
ride
through
the
historical
Presidio
district.
Authentic
fire
gear(服装)is
provided
for
your
warmth
as
our
entertainers
take
you
to
some
of
the
most
thrilling
parts
of
San
Francisco.
Departing
from
the
Cannery:6:30
pm
and
8:30
pm
Duration:1
hour
and
30
minutes
Price:Available
upon
request
Holiday
Lights
Tour?
Running:December
6th
through
December
23rd
This
attractive
tour
takes
you
to
some
of
San
Francisco’s
most
cheerful
holiday
scenes.
Authentic
fire
gear
is
provided
for
your
warmth
as
you
get
into
the
holiday
spirit.
Departing
from
the
Cannery:7:00
pm
and
9:00
pm
Duration:
1
hour
and
30
minutes
Advance
reservations
required.
13.Which
of
the
tours
is
available
in
March?
A.San
Francisco
Winery
Tour.
B.Back
to
the
Fifties
Tour.
C.Spooky
Halloween
Tour.
D.Holiday
Lights
Tour.
14.What
can
tourists
do
on
Back
to
the
Fifties
Tour?
A.Go
to
Treasure
Island.
B.Enjoy
the
holiday
scenes.
C.Have
free
ice
cream.
D.Visit
the
Presidio
district.
15.What
are
tourists
required
to
do
to
go
on
Holiday
Lights
Tour?
A.Take
some
drinks.
B.Set
off
early
in
the
morning.
C.Wear
warm
clothes.
D.Make
reservations
in
advance.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文介绍了旧金山消防车之旅,包括旧金山金银岛品酒游、50年代风情游、穿行Presidio区的万圣节主题游和观赏节日彩灯游。短文除提供了上述四项城市观光游览活动的起止日期以外,还提供了每项观光活动的主要内容、出发时间、时长和价格等信息。
13.A 事实细节题。根据短文中对这四项活动的运行时间的介绍可知,第一项活动的时间是
February
1st
through
April
30th,即从2月1日到4月30日,所以答案为A项。
14.C 事实细节题。根据第二项活动中的
as
we
take
you
through
San
Francisco
for
a
free
taste
of
ice
cream可知,参加这项游玩活动你可以品尝到免费的冰激凌,所以答案为C项。
15.D 事实细节题。根据最后一项活动中的最后一句话
Advance
reservations
required.可知,参加这项游玩活动需要提前预订,所以答案为D项。
人物故事类
Passage
1(2019课标全国Ⅰ,B)
For
Canaan
Elementary’s
second
grade
in
Patchogue,
N.Y.,
today
is
speech
day,
and
right
now
it’s
Chris
Palaez’s
turn.
The
8-year-old
is
the
joker
of
the
class.
With
shining
dark
eyes,
he
seems
like
the
kind
of
kid
who
would
enjoy
public
speaking.
But
he’s
nervous.“I’m
here
to
tell
you
today
why
you
should...should...”Chris
trips
on
the
“-ld,”a
pronunciation
difficulty
for
many
non-native
English
speakers.
His
teacher,
Thomas
Whaley,
is
next
to
him,
whispering
support.“...Vote
for...me...”Except
for
some
stumbles,
Chris
is
doing
amazingly
well.
When
he
brings
his
speech
to
a
nice
conclusion,
Whaley
invites
the
rest
of
the
class
to
praise
him.
A
son
of
immigrants,
Chris
started
learning
English
a
little
over
three
years
ago.
Whaley
recalls(回想起)how
at
the
beginning
of
the
year,
when
called
upon
to
read,
Chris
would
excuse
himself
to
go
to
the
bathroom.
Learning
English
as
a
second
language
can
be
a
painful
experience.
What
you
need
is
a
great
teacher
who
lets
you
make
mistakes.“It
takes
a
lot
for
any
student,”Whaley
explains,
“especially
for
a
student
who
is
learning
English
as
their
new
language,
to
feel
confident
enough
to
say,‘I
don’t
know,
but
I
want
to
know.’”
Whaley
got
the
idea
of
this
second-grade
presidential
campaign
project
when
he
asked
the
children
one
day
to
raise
their
hands
if
they
thought
they
could
never
be
a
president.
The
answer
broke
his
heart.
Whaley
says
the
project
is
about
more
than
just
learning
to
read
and
speak
in
public.
He
wants
these
kids
to
learn
to
boast(夸耀)about
themselves.
“Boasting
about
yourself,
and
your
best
qualities,”Whaley
says,“is
very
difficult
for
a
child
who
came
into
the
classroom
not
feeling
confident.”
1.What
made
Chris
nervous?
A.Telling
a
story.
B.Making
a
speech.
C.Taking
a
test.
D.Answering
a
question.
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“stumbles”
in
paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.Improper
pauses.
B.Bad
manners.
C.Spelling
mistakes.
D.Silly
jokes.
3.We
can
infer
that
the
purpose
of
Whaley’s
project
is
to .?
A.help
students
see
their
own
strengths
B.assess
students’
public
speaking
skills
C.prepare
students
for
their
future
jobs
D.inspire
students’
love
for
politics
4.Which
of
the
following
best
describes
Whaley
as
a
teacher?
A.Humorous.
B.Ambitious.
C.Caring.
D.Demanding.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容为老师与学生。文章讲述了Whaley老师关爱学生,鼓励学生发现自己的优点,增强自信的故事。本文旨在提高学生的文化意识。
1.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为:什么使Chris紧张?根据第一段第一句(……今天是演讲日,现在轮到Chris
Palaez了)和第二段第一句(但是他很紧张)可知,B项正确。A:讲故事;C:参加考试;D:回答问题。
2.A 词义猜测题。本题题干意为:第二段中的画线单词stumbles指代什么?根据第二段中的“you
should...should...”Chris
trips
on
the
“-ld,”...可知,他有些发音上的问题。
又根据Except
for
some
stumbles,
Chris
is
doing
amazingly
well.可知,Chris总体上很好,但是有些不合适的停顿。故A选项(不合适的停顿)正确。B:不礼貌;C:拼写错误;D:愚蠢的笑话。
3.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:我们可以推断出Whaley的项目的目的是 。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句(他想要这些孩子学会夸耀自己)可知答案为A项(帮助学生看到他们自己的优点)。B:评价学生的公众演讲技巧;C:让学生为他们未来的工作做准备;D:激励学生热爱政治。?
4.C 推理判断题。本题题干意为:下面哪一个词最能描述Whaley作为一个老师所具有的品质?
根据第二段他低声耳语支持学生、第五段中他想让学生夸耀自己和第六段中他认为夸耀自己和自己最好的品质对一个没有自信的孩子是很难的,可知他理解、关心学生们,故选C项(关心他人的)。A:幽默的;B:有雄心的;D:苛求的,要求高的。
Passage
2(2019课标全国Ⅱ,B)
“You
can
use
me
as
a
last
resort(选择),
and
if
nobody
else
volunteers,
then
I
will
do
it.”
This
was
an
actual
reply
from
a
parent
after
I
put
out
a
request
for
volunteers
for
my
kids’
lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.
I
guess
that
there’s
probably
some
demanding
work
schedule,
or
social
anxiety
around
stepping
up
to
help
for
an
unknown
sport.
She
may
just
need
a
little
persuading.
So
I
try
again
and
tug
at
the
heartstrings.
I
mention
the
single
parent
with
four
kids
running
the
show
and
I
talk
about
the
dad
coaching
a
team
that
his
kids
aren’t
even
on...At
this
point
the
unwilling
parent
speaks
up,
“Alright.
Yes,
I’ll
do
it.”?
I’m
secretly
relieved
because
I
know
there’s
real
power
in
sharing
volunteer
responsibilities
among
many.
The
unwilling
parent
organizes
the
meal
schedule,
sends
out
emails,
and
collects
money
for
end-of-season
gifts.
Somewhere
along
the
way,
the
same
parent
ends
up
becoming
an
invaluable
member
of
the
team.
The
coach
is
able
to
focus
on
the
kids
while
the
other
parents
are
relieved
to
be
off
the
hook
for
another
season.
Handing
out
sliced
oranges
to
bloodthirsty
kids
can
be
as
exciting
as
watching
your
own
kid
score
a
goal.
Still,
most
of
us
volunteers
breathe
a
sigh
of
relief
when
the
season
comes
to
a
close.
That
relief
is
coupled
with
a
deep
understanding
of
why
the
same
people
keep
coming
back
for
more:Connecting
to
the
community(社区)
as
you
freely
give
your
time,
money,
skills,
or
services
provides
a
real
joy.
Volunteering
just
feels
so
good.
In
that
sense,
I’m
pretty
sure
volunteering
is
more
of
a
selfish
act
than
I’d
freely
like
to
admit.
However,
if
others
benefit
in
the
process,
and
I
get
some
reward
too,
does
it
really
matter
where
my
motivation
lies?
5.What
can
we
infer
about
the
parent
from
her
reply
in
paragraph
1?
A.She
knows
little
about
the
club.
B.She
isn’t
good
at
sports.
C.She
just
doesn’t
want
to
volunteer.
D.She’s
unable
to
meet
her
schedule.
6.What
does
the
underlined
phrase“tug
at
the
heartstrings”in
paragraph
2
mean?
A.Encourage
teamwork.
B.Appeal
to
feelings.
C.Promote
good
deeds.
D.Provide
advice.
7.What
can
we
learn
about
the
parent
from
paragraph
3?
A.She
gets
interested
in
lacrosse.
B.She
is
proud
of
her
kids.
C.She’ll
work
for
another
season.
D.She
becomes
a
good
helper.
8.Why
does
the
author
like
doing
volunteer
work?
A.It
gives
her
a
sense
of
duty.
B.It
makes
her
very
happy.
C.It
enables
her
to
work
hard.
D.It
brings
her
material
rewards.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为志愿服务。文章记述了作者请一位家长做志愿者的故事。文章侧重社会服务和人际沟通素养的培养。
5.C 推理判断题。本题题干意为:从第一段那位家长的回答中我们可以推断出关于她的什么?文章中,那位家长的回答是“你可以把我作为最后一个选择,如果没有其他人愿意当志愿者,那么我就做”。根据其回答可以知道,她其实是不太愿意做志愿者的,故C项正确。
6.B 词义猜测题。本题题干意为:第二段中的画线短语“tug
at
the
heartstrings”的意思是什么?根据上下文可知,此处表示“我”又试了一次,
这回开始打感情牌。画线短语意为“触动心弦”,故B项正确。A:鼓励团队合作;C:促进良好行为;D:提供建议。
7.D 推理判断题。本题题干意为:从第三段中,我们能够得知那位家长的什么情况?在文章的第三段,作者记述了那位家长在活动中所做的事情,即安排饮食计划、发送邮件、募集资金等,她成了团队中一个重要的成员。因此D项(她成了一个好助手)正确。
8.B 推理判断题。本题题干意为:为什么作者喜欢做志愿工作?根据文章倒数第二段中的“Connecting
to
the
community...provides
a
real
joy”
以及“Volunteering
just
feels
so
good.”可知,作者认为,做志愿工作能让她开心。故B项正确。A:这给予她一种责任感;C:这让她能努力工作;D:这给她带来了物质上的回报。
Passage
3(2018课标全国Ⅲ,C)
While
famous
foreign
architects
are
invited
to
lead
the
designs
of
landmark
buildings
in
China
such
as
the
new
CCTV
tower
and
the
National
Center
for
the
Performing
Arts,
many
excellent
Chinese
architects
are
making
great
efforts
to
take
the
center
stage.
Their
efforts
have
been
proven
fruitful.
Wang
Shu,
a
49-year-old
Chinese
architect,
won
the
2012
Pritzker
Architecture
Prize—which
is
often
referred
to
as
the
Nobel
Prize
in
architecture—on
February
28.
He
is
the
first
Chinese
citizen
to
win
this
award.
Wang
serves
as
head
of
the
Architecture
Department
at
the
China
Academy
of
Art(CAA).
His
office
is
located
at
the
Xiangshan
campus(校园)
of
the
university
in
Hangzhou,
Zhejiang
Province.
Many
buildings
on
the
campus
are
his
original
creations.
The
style
of
the
campus
is
quite
different
from
that
of
most
Chinese
universities.
Many
visitors
were
amazed
by
the
complex
architectural
space
and
abundant
building
types.
The
curves(曲线)
of
the
buildings
perfectly
match
the
rise
and
fall
of
hills,
forming
a
unique
view.
Wang
collected
more
than
7
million
abandoned
bricks
of
different
ages.
He
asked
the
workers
to
use
traditional
techniques
to
make
the
bricks
into
walls,
roofs
and
corridors.
This
creation
attracted
a
lot
of
attention
thanks
to
its
mixture
of
modern
and
traditional
Chinese
elements(元素).
Wang’s
works
show
a
deep
understanding
of
modern
architecture
and
a
good
knowledge
of
traditions.
Through
such
a
balance,
he
had
created
a
new
type
of
Chinese
architecture,
said
Tadao
Ando,
the
winner
of
the
1995
Pritzker
Prize.
Wang
believes
traditions
should
not
be
sealed
in
glass
boxes
at
museums.
“That
is
only
evidence
that
traditions
once
existed,”he
said.
“Many
Chinese
people
have
a
misunderstanding
of
traditions.
They
think
tradition
means
old
things
from
the
past.
In
fact,
tradition
also
refers
to
the
things
that
have
been
developing
and
that
are
still
being
created,”he
said.
“Today,
many
Chinese
people
are
learning
Western
styles
and
theories
rather
than
focusing
on
Chinese
traditions.
Many
people
tend
to
talk
about
traditions
without
knowing
what
they
really
are,”said
Wang.
The
study
of
traditions
should
be
combined
with
practice.
Otherwise,
the
recreation
of
traditions
would
be
artificial
and
empty,
he
said.
9.Wang’s
winning
of
the
prize
means
that
Chinese
architects
are
.?
A.following
the
latest
world
trend
B.getting
international
recognition
C.working
harder
than
ever
before
D.relying
on
foreign
architects
10.What
impressed
visitors
to
the
CAA
Xiangshan
campus
most?
A.Its
hilly
environment.
B.Its
large
size.
C.Its
unique
style.
D.Its
diverse
functions.
11.What
made
Wang’s
architectural
design
a
success?
A.The
mixture
of
different
shapes.
B.The
balance
of
East
and
West.
C.The
use
of
popular
techniques.
D.The
harmony
of
old
and
new.
12.What
should
we
do
about
Chinese
traditions
according
to
Wang?
A.Spread
them
to
the
world.
B.Preserve
them
at
museums.
C.Teach
them
in
universities.
D.Recreate
them
in
practice.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。题材为人物故事类。文章介绍了中国建筑设计师王澍将传统与现代结合,将中国传统元素融入自己的建筑设计中,荣获了2012年普利兹克建筑奖。
9.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句(他们的努力已被证明是富有成效的。)和最后一句(他是第一个获得这一奖项的中国公民。)可推知,王澍获奖意味着中国的建筑设计师正在获得世界的认可,故选B项。
10.C 事实细节题。根据第四段的内容,尤其是最后一句(这些建筑物的曲线与山的起伏完美搭配,形成了独特的风景。)可知答案为C项。
11.D 推理判断题。题干句意:什么使王澍的建筑设计获得了成功?根据第五段最后一句(由于现代元素与中国传统元素的结合,这一作品吸引了很多关注。)可知答案为D项。
12.D 事实细节题。根据最后一段第一句(对传统的学习应该和实践相结合。)可知答案为D项。
Passage
4(2017课标全国Ⅰ,B)
I
work
with
Volunteers
for
Wildlife,
a
rescue
and
education
organization
at
Bailey
Arboretum
in
Locust
Valley.
Trying
to
help
injured,
displaced
or
sick
creatures
can
be
heartbreaking;survival
is
never
certain.
However,
when
it
works,
it
is
simply
beautiful.
I
got
a
rescue
call
from
a
woman
in
Muttontown.
She
had
found
a
young
owl(猫头鹰)on
the
ground.
When
Iarrived,
I
saw
a
2-
to
3-week-old
owl.
It
had
already
been
placed
in
a
carrier
for
safety.
I
examined
the
chick(雏鸟)and
it
seemed
fine.
If
I
could
locate
the
nest,
I
might
have
been
able
to
put
it
back,
but
no
luck.
My
next
work
was
to
construct
a
nest
and
anchor
it
in
a
tree.
The
homeowner
was
very
helpful.
A
wire
basket
was
found.
I
put
some
pine
branches
into
the
basket
to
make
this
nest
safe
and
comfortable.
I
placed
the
chick
in
the
nest,
and
it
quickly
calmed
down.
Now
all
that
was
needed
were
the
parents,
but
they
were
absent.
I
gave
the
homeowner
a
recording
of
the
hunger
screams
of
owl
chicks.
These
advertise
the
presence
of
chicks
to
adults;they
might
also
encourage
our
chick
to
start
calling
as
well.
I
gave
the
owner
as
much
information
as
possible
and
headed
home
to
see
what
news
the
night
might
bring.
A
nervous
night
to
be
sure,
but
sometimes
the
spirits
of
nature
smile
on
us
all!The
homeowner
called
to
say
that
the
parents
had
responded
to
the
recordings.
I
drove
over
and
saw
the
chick
in
the
nest
looking
healthy
and
active.
And
it
was
accompanied
in
the
nest
by
the
greatest
sight
of
all—LUNCH!The
parents
had
done
their
duty
and
would
probably
continue
to
do
so.
13.What
is
unavoidable
in
the
author’s
rescue
work
according
to
paragraph
1?
A.Efforts
made
in
vain.
B.Getting
injured
in
his
work.
C.Feeling
uncertain
about
his
future.
D.Creatures
forced
out
of
their
homes.
14.Why
was
the
author
called
to
Muttontown?
A.To
rescue
a
woman.
B.To
take
care
of
a
woman.
C.To
look
at
a
baby
owl.
D.To
cure
a
young
owl.
15.What
made
the
chick
calm
down?
A.A
new
nest.
B.Some
food.
C.A
recording.
D.Its
parents.
16.How
would
the
author
feel
about
the
outcome
of
the
event?
A.It’s
unexpected.
B.It’s
beautiful.
C.It’s
humorous.
D.It’s
discouraging.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,讲述了一位志愿者成功救助一只落到地上的猫头鹰雏鸟的故事。作者为猫头鹰雏鸟编织了一个鸟巢放在树上,并请人播放猫头鹰雏鸟叫声的录音,最终成功引回猫头鹰雏鸟的父母来照顾它。
13.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的
“can
be
heartbreaking;survival
is
never
certain”可知,拯救野生生物的工作有时令人心碎,因为动物不一定能活下来,也就是说可能会徒劳无功,由此可知答案为A项。B:在工作中受伤;C:对未来不确定;D:生物会被迫离开栖息地。以上三项在文中均未被提及,故全部排除。
14.C 事实细节题。根据第二段中的
“She
had
found
a
young
owl
on
the
ground.”和第三段中的“I
examined
the
chick
and
it
seemed
fine.”可知,作者接到一位居住在Muttontown的妇女的电话,于是赶过去看看这只雏鸟的情况。选项C中的“look
at(检查)”与文中的“examined”相对应,故答案为C项。
15.A 事实细节题。题干中的“calm
down”是关键词。文中第四段指出作者把雏鸟放进特意为它做的鸟巢后,它很快安静了下来,由此可知新的鸟巢使雏鸟平静了下来,故答案为A项。其他选项的信息是故事发展到后期出现的,故排除。
16.B 推理判断题。短文的最后三句描写作者看到巢中的小猫头鹰十分健康、活跃,最令人喜悦的是它的父母给它觅来了午餐。由此可以推断小猫头鹰今后也将得到其父母悉心的照料。作者对事件结局的感受通过“the
greatest
sight”表现出来,与文章第一段中的“beautiful”相呼应。因此,答案应为B项。
Passage
5(2017课标全国Ⅱ,B)
I
first
met
Paul
Newman
in
1968,
when
George
Roy
Hill,
the
director
of
Butch
Cassidy
and
the
Sundance
Kid,
introduced
us
in
New
York
City.
When
the
studio
didn’t
want
me
for
the
film—it
wanted
somebody
as
well
known
as
Paul—he
stood
up
for
me.
I
don’t
know
how
many
people
would
have
done
that;
they
would
have
listened
to
their
agents
or
the
studio
powers.
The
friendship
that
grew
out
of
the
experience
of
making
that
film
and
The
Sting
four
years
later
had
its
root
in
the
fact
that
although
there
was
an
age
difference,
we
both
came
from
a
tradition
of
theater
and
live
TV.
We
were
respectful
of
craft(技艺)
and
focused
on
digging
into
the
characters
we
were
going
to
play.
Both
of
us
had
the
qualities
and
virtues
that
are
typical
of
American
actors:humorous,
aggressive,
and
making
fun
of
each
other—but
always
with
an
underlying
affection.
Those
were
also
at
the
core(核心)
of
our
relationship
off
the
screen.
We
shared
the
belief
that
if
you’re
fortunate
enough
to
have
success,
you
should
put
something
back—he
with
his
Newman’s
Own
food
and
his
Hole
in
the
Wall
camps
for
kids
who
are
seriously
ill,
and
me
with
Sundance
and
the
institute
and
the
festival.
Paul
and
I
didn’t
see
each
other
all
that
regularly,
but
sharing
that
brought
us
together.
We
supported
each
other
financially
and
by
showing
up
at
events.
I
last
saw
him
a
few
months
ago.
He’d
been
in
and
out
of
the
hospital.
He
and
I
both
knew
what
the
deal
was,
and
we
didn’t
talk
about
it.
Ours
was
a
relationship
that
didn’t
need
a
lot
of
words.
17.Why
was
the
studio
unwilling
to
give
the
role
to
the
author
at
first?
A.Paul
Newman
wanted
it.
B.The
studio
powers
didn’t
like
his
agent.
C.He
wasn’t
famous
enough.
D.The
director
recommended
someone
else.
18.Why
did
Paul
and
the
author
have
a
lasting
friendship?
A.They
were
of
the
same
age.
B.They
worked
in
the
same
theater.
C.They
were
both
good
actors.
D.They
had
similar
characteristics.
19.What
does
the
underlined
word“that”in
paragraph
3
refer
to?
A.Their
belief.
B.Their
care
for
children.
C.Their
success.
D.Their
support
for
each
other.
20.What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
text?
A.To
show
his
love
of
films.
B.To
remember
a
friend.
C.To
introduce
a
new
movie.
D.To
share
his
acting
experience.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。在电影界初出茅庐的作者得到了著名演员保罗·纽曼的支持,从而获得了一个重要的演出机会。他们建立了深厚的友谊,这份友谊一直持续到保罗·纽曼去世。
17.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的
“it
wanted
somebody
as
well
known
as
Paul”可知,这家电影公司不想把这个角色给作者,是因为他们想把角色给像保罗这样出名的人,作者还不够出名,所以答案为C项。
18.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的
“Both
of
us
had
the
qualities
and
virtues
that
are
typical
of
American
actors”可知,保罗和作者之所以有着长久的友谊,是因为他们两个人有着相似的品质,所以答案为D项。
19.A 语义猜测题。根据本段第一句话
“We
shared
the
belief
that
if...”可知,尽管他们不经常见面,但是正是那种信念让他们聚在了一起。由此推断出画线单词指的是他们的共同的信念,所以答案为A项。
20.B 推理判断题。文章开头作者介绍了自己与著名演员保罗·纽曼相识的情景,后面描述了两人的交往和深厚的友谊。最后一段指出两人的最后一面是在医院。由此推断出作者写这篇文章就是为了纪念自己的一位朋友。所以答案为B项。
社会文化类
Passage
1
(2019课标全国Ⅰ,D)
During
the
rosy
years
of
elementary
school(小学),
I
enjoyed
sharing
my
dolls
and
jokes,
which
allowed
me
to
keep
my
high
social
status.
I
was
the
queen
of
the
playground.
Then
came
my
tweens
and
teens,
and
mean
girls
and
cool
kids.
They
rose
in
the
ranks
not
by
being
friendly
but
by
smoking
cigarettes,
breaking
rules
and
playing
jokes
on
others,
among
whom
I
soon
found
myself.
Popularity
is
a
well-explored
subject
in
social
psychology.
Mitch
Prinstein,
a
professor
of
clinical
psychology
sorts
the
popular
into
two
categories:the
likable
and
the
status
seekers.
The
likables’
plays-well-with-others
qualities
strengthen
schoolyard
friendships,
jump-start
interpersonal
skills
and,
when
tapped
early,
are
employed
ever
after
in
life
and
work.
Then
there’s
the
kind
of
popularity
that
appears
in
adolescence:status
born
of
power
and
even
dishonorable
behavior.
Enviable
as
the
cool
kids
may
have
seemed,
Dr.
Prinstein’s
studies
show
unpleasant
consequences.
Those
who
were
highest
in
status
in
high
school,
as
well
as
those
least
liked
in
elementary
school,
are
“most
likely
to
engage(从事)in
dangerous
and
risky
behavior.”
In
one
study,
Dr.
Prinstein
examined
the
two
types
of
popularity
in
235
adolescents,
scoring
the
least
liked,
the
most
liked
and
the
highest
in
status
based
on
student
surveys(调查研究).“We
found
that
the
least
well-liked
teens
had
become
more
aggressive
over
time
toward
their
classmates.
But
so
had
those
who
were
high
in
status.
It
clearly
showed
that
while
likability
can
lead
to
healthy
adjustment,
high
status
has
just
the
opposite
effect
on
us.”
Dr.
Prinstein
has
also
found
that
the
qualities
that
made
the
neighbors
want
you
on
a
play
date—sharing,
kindness,
openness—carry
over
to
later
years
and
make
you
better
able
to
relate
and
connect
with
others.
In
analyzing
his
and
other
research,
Dr.
Prinstein
came
to
another
conclusion:Not
only
is
likability
related
to
positive
life
outcomes,
but
it
is
also
responsible
for
those
outcomes,
too.
“Being
liked
creates
opportunities
for
learning
and
for
new
kinds
of
life
experiences
that
help
somebody
gain
an
advantage,”he
said.
1.What
sort
of
girl
was
the
author
in
her
early
years
of
elementary
school?
A.Unkind.
B.Lonely.
C.Generous.
D.Cool.
2.What
is
the
second
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.The
classification
of
the
popular.
B.The
characteristics
of
adolescents.
C.The
importance
of
interpersonal
skills.
D.The
causes
of
dishonorable
behavior.
3.What
did
Dr.
Prinstein’s
study
find
about
the
most
liked
kids?
A.They
appeared
to
be
aggressive.
B.They
tended
to
be
more
adaptable.
C.They
enjoyed
the
highest
status.
D.They
performed
well
academically.
4.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Be
Nice—You
Won’t
Finish
Last
B.The
Higher
the
Status,
the
Better
C.Be
the
Best—You
Can
Make
It
D.More
Self-Control,
Less
Aggressiveness
答案
[语篇解读] 本文体裁为说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会交往。文章将受欢迎的人分成了两类——讨人喜欢的人和追逐高地位的人。本文侧重培养学生的思维品质。
1.C 推理判断题。本题题干意为:作者在上小学的低年级时是什么样的女孩?根据题干中的early
years
of
elementary
school可定位到第一段第一句中的During
the
rosy
years
of
elementary
school,
I
enjoyed
sharing
my
dolls
and
jokes(喜欢分享玩偶和笑话),因此可以推断作者是大方的,故选C项。A:不友善的;B:孤独的;D:酷的。
2.A 主旨大意题。本题题干意为:第二段的主要内容是什么?根据第二段第二句Mitch
Prinstein,
a
professor
of
clinical
psychology
sorts
the
popular
into
two
categories:
the
likable
and
the
status
seekers.可知,本段对受欢迎的人进行分类,故选A项。B:青少年的特点;C:人际交往技巧的重要性;D:不光彩行为的原因。
3.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为:Prinstein博士的研究中针对最受喜欢的小孩的发现是什么?根据题干中的study和the
most
liked
kids可定位到第四段中的It
clearly
showed
that
while
likability
can
lead
to
healthy
adjustment,
high
status
has
just
the
opposite
effect
on
us。healthy
adjustment(调整,适应)对应B项中的adaptable(能适应的),故答案为B项。A:他们显得有侵略性;C:他们喜欢最高的地位;D:他们学习成绩很好。
4.A 主旨大意题。本题题干意为:本文最好的标题是什么?文章将受欢迎的人分成两类——讨人喜欢的人和追逐高地位的人。根据对这两种人的介绍可以总结出整篇文章都是在引导读者做讨人喜欢的人,对人友善、学会分享、敞开心扉,因此答案为A项。B:地位越高越好;C:做到最好——你可以做到;D:自制力越强,侵略性越小。
Passage
2(2019课标全国Ⅲ,C)
Before
the
1830s,
most
newspapers
were
sold
through
annual
subscriptions
in
America,
usually
$8
to
$10
a
year.
Today
$8
or
$10
seems
a
small
amount
of
money,
but
at
that
time
these
amounts
were
forbidding
to
most
citizens.
Accordingly,
newspapers
were
read
almost
only
by
rich
people
in
politics
or
the
trades.
In
addition,
most
newspapers
had
little
in
them
that
would
appeal
to
a
mass
audience.
They
were
dull
and
visually
forbidding.
But
the
revolution
that
was
taking
place
in
the
1830s
would
change
all
that.
The
trend,
then,
was
toward
the
“penny
paper”—a
term
referring
to
papers
made
widely
available
to
the
public.
It
meant
any
inexpensive
newspaper;
perhaps
more
importantly
it
meant
newspapers
that
could
be
bought
in
single
copies
on
the
street.
This
development
did
not
take
place
overnight.
It
had
been
possible(but
not
easy)
to
buy
single
copies
of
newspapers
before
1830,
but
this
usually
meant
the
reader
had
to
go
down
to
the
printer’s
office
to
purchase
a
copy.
Street
sales
were
almost
unknown.
However,
within
a
few
years,
street
sales
of
newspapers
would
be
commonplace
in
eastern
cities.
At
first
the
price
of
single
copies
was
seldom
a
penny—usually
two
or
three
cents
was
charged—and
some
of
the
older
well-known
papers
charged
five
or
six
cents.
But
the
phrase
“penny
paper”
caught
the
public’s
fancy,
and
soon
there
would
be
papers
that
did
indeed
sell
for
only
a
penny.
This
new
trend
of
newspapers
for
“the
man
on
the
street”
did
not
begin
well.
Some
of
the
early
ventures(企业)
were
immediate
failures.
Publishers
already
in
business,
people
who
were
owners
of
successful
papers,
had
little
desire
to
change
the
tradition.
It
took
a
few
youthful
and
daring
businessmen
to
get
the
ball
rolling.
5.Which
of
the
following
best
describes
newspapers
in
America
before
the
1830s?
A.Academic.
B.Unattractive.
C.Inexpensive.
D.Confidential.
6.What
did
street
sales
mean
to
newspapers?
A.They
would
be
priced
higher.
B.They
would
disappear
from
cities.
C.They
could
have
more
readers.
D.They
could
regain
public
trust.
7.Who
were
the
newspapers
of
the
new
trend
targeted
at?
A.Local
politicians.
B.Common
people.
C.Young
publishers.
D.Rich
businessmen.
8.What
can
we
say
about
the
birth
of
the
penny
paper?
A.It
was
a
difficult
process.
B.It
was
a
temporary
success.
C.It
was
a
robbery
of
the
poor.
D.It
was
a
disaster
for
printers.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容是社会进步。文章介绍了报纸走向街头,走向大众的过程。文章侧重对学生历史和社会文化素养的培养。
5.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为:下面哪个选项对19世纪30年代之前美国报纸状况的描述是最准确的?根据文章第一段的描述可知,当时的报纸很昂贵,只有富人才能买得起。同时,当时的很多报纸对大众没有吸引力。因此B项(没有吸引力的)符合题意。A:学术的;C:便宜的;D:机密的。
6.C 推理判断题。本题题干意为:街头销售对报纸来说意味着什么?根据文章第二段的描述,当报纸开始在街头销售之后,价格很低,容易买到,所以C项(它们会有更多的读者)符合题意。A:它们的定价将会更高;B:它们将从城市消失;D:它们将重获公众的信任。
7.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为:新趋势下报纸的目标群体是哪些人?根据文章第二段和第三段对报纸改革的描述,尤其是第二段的The
trend,then,
was
toward
the
“penny
paper”—a
term
referring
to
papers
made
widely
available
to
the
public.可知,新的趋势为报纸大众化。故B项(普通人)符合题意。
8.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:我们可以如何评价“一分报纸”的诞生?根据文章对“一分报纸”发展历程的描述,尤其是最后一段的This
new
trend
of
newspapers
for
“the
man
on
the
street”
did
not
begin
well.(这种面向街头普通人的报纸的新趋势一开始发展得并不好。)可知,A项(这是一个艰难的过程)符合题意。B:这是暂时的成功;C:这是对贫穷者的掠夺;D:这对印刷工人来说是灾难。
Passage
3(2018课标全国Ⅰ,B)
Good
Morning
Britain’s
Susanna
Reid
is
used
to
grilling
guests
on
the
sofa
every
morning,
but
she
is
cooking
up
a
storm
in
her
latest
role—showing
families
how
to
prepare
delicious
and
nutritious
meals
on
a
tight
budget.
In
Save
Money:Good
Food,
she
visits
a
different
home
each
week
and
with
the
help
of
chef
Matt
Tebbutt
offers
top
tips
on
how
to
reduce
food
waste,
while
preparing
recipes
for
under
￡5
per
family
a
day.
And
the
Good
Morning
Britain
presenter
says
she’s
been
able
to
put
a
lot
of
what
she’s
learnt
into
practice
in
her
own
home,
preparing
meals
for
sons,
Sam,
14,
Finn,
13,
and
Jack,11.
“We
love
Mexican
churros,
so
I
buy
them
on
my
phone
from
my
local
Mexican
takeaway
restaurant,”she
explains.“I
pay
￡5
for
a
portion(一份),
but
Matt
makes
them
for
26p
a
portion,
because
they
are
flour,
water,
sugar
and
oil.
Everybody
can
buy
takeaway
food,
but
sometimes
we’re
not
aware
how
cheaply
we
can
make
this
food
ourselves.”
The
eight-part
series(系列节目),
Save
Money:Good
Food,
follows
in
the
footsteps
of
ITV’s
Save
Money:
Good
Health,
which
gave
viewers
advice
on
how
to
get
value
from
the
vast
range
of
health
products
on
the
market.
With
food
our
biggest
weekly
household
expense,
Susanna
and
Matt
spend
time
with
a
different
family
each
week.
In
tonight’s
Easter
special
they
come
to
the
aid
of
a
family
in
need
of
some
delicious
inspiration
on
a
budget.
The
team
transforms
the
family’s
long
weekend
of
celebration
with
less
expensive
but
still
tasty
recipes.
9.What
do
we
know
about
Susanna
Reid?
A.She
enjoys
embarrassing
her
guests.
B.She
has
started
a
new
programme.
C.She
dislikes
working
early
in
the
morning.
D.She
has
had
a
tight
budget
for
her
family.
10.How
does
Matt
Tebbutt
help
Susanna?
A.He
buys
cooking
materials
for
her.
B.He
prepares
food
for
her
kids.
C.He
assists
her
in
cooking
matters.
D.He
invites
guest
families
for
her.
11.What
does
the
author
intend
to
do
in
paragraph
4?
A.Summarize
the
previous
paragraphs.
B.Provide
some
advice
for
the
readers.
C.Add
some
background
information.
D.Introduce
a
new
topic
for
discussion.
12.What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.Keeping
Fit
by
Eating
Smart
B.Balancing
Our
Daily
Diet
C.Making
Yourself
a
Perfect
Chef
D.Cooking
Well
for
Less
答案
[语篇解读] 本文介绍了英国节目主持人Susanna
Reid创办的一档新节目Save
Money:Good
Food的相关情况。
9.B 细节理解题。根据第一段的but
she
is
cooking
up
a
storm
in
her
latest
role可知,她创办了一档新节目,故选B项。
10.C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话(在节目Save
Money:Good
Food中,她每周拜访一个不同的家庭,并且在厨师Matt
Tebbutt的帮助下在准备每个家庭每天低于5英镑的食谱时提供如何减少食物浪费的很好的建议)可知,Matt
Tebbutt在做饭方面帮助了Susanna,故选C项。
11.C 推理判断题。文章前三段主要介绍了新节目Save
Money:Good
Food的相关情况,而第四段介绍了它和节目Save
Money:Good
Health的关系。由此推断本段主要补充这一节目的背景知识,故选C项。
12.D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了英国节目主持人Susanna
Reid通过创办新节目Save
Money:Good
Food教给观众如何花更少的钱制作更美味的食物。故选D项。
Passage
4(2018课标全国Ⅲ,D)
Adults
understand
what
it
feels
like
to
be
flooded
with
objects.
Why
do
we
often
assume
that
more
is
more
when
it
comes
to
kids
and
their
belongings?The
good
news
is
that
I
can
help
my
own
kids
learn
earlier
than
I
did
how
to
live
more
with
less.?
I
found
the
pre-holidays
a
good
time
to
encourage
young
children
to
donate
less-used
things,
and
it
worked.
Because
of
our
efforts,
our
daughter
Georgia
did
decide
to
donate
a
large
bag
of
toys
to
a
little
girl
whose
mother
was
unable
to
pay
for
her
holiday
due
to
illness.
She
chose
to
sell
a
few
larger
objects
that
were
less
often
used
when
we
promised
to
put
the
money
into
her
school
fund(基金)(our
kindergarten
daughter
is
serious
about
becoming
a
doctor).
For
weeks,
I’ve
been
thinking
of
bigger,
deeper
questions:
How
do
we
make
it
a
habit
for
them?And
how
do
we
train
ourselves
to
help
them
live
with,
need,
and
use
less?Yesterday,
I
sat
with
my
son,
Shepherd,
determined
to
test
my
own
theory
on
this.
I
decided
to
play
with
him
with
only
one
toy
for
as
long
as
it
would
keep
his
interest.
I
expected
that
one
toy
would
keep
his
attention
for
about
five
minutes,
ten
minutes,
max.
I
chose
a
red
rubber
ball—simple,
universally
available.
We
passed
it,
he
tried
to
put
it
in
his
mouth,
he
tried
bouncing
it,
rolling
it,
sitting
on
it,
throwing
it.
It
was
totally,
completely
enough
for
him.
Before
I
knew
it
an
hour
had
passed
and
it
was
time
to
move
on
to
lunch.
We
both
became
absorbed
in
the
simplicity
of
playing
together.
He
had
my
full
attention
and
I
had
his.
My
little
experiment
to
find
joy
in
a
single
object
worked
for
both
of
us.
13.What
do
the
words
“more
is
more”
in
paragraph
1
probably
mean?
A.The
more,
the
better.
B.Enough
is
enough.
C.More
money,
more
worries.
D.Earn
more
and
spend
more.
14.What
made
Georgia
agree
to
sell
some
of
her
objects?
A.Saving
up
for
her
holiday.
B.Raising
money
for
a
poor
girl.
C.Adding
the
money
to
her
fund.
D.Giving
the
money
to
a
sick
mother.
15.Why
did
the
author
play
the
ball
with
Shepherd?
A.To
try
out
an
idea.
B.To
show
a
parent’s
love.
C.To
train
his
attention.
D.To
help
him
start
a
hobby.
16.What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.Take
It
or
Leave
It
B.A
Lesson
from
Kids
C.Live
More
with
Less
D.The
Pleasure
of
Giving
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。作为成年人我们都理解身边用不到的东西太多给我们的感觉,但是我们却认为我们的孩子拥有的东西越多越好。我在自己的孩子身上做了一个实验,证明了拥有更少的东西能生活得更好。
13.A 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句话可知,我帮我自己的孩子学会了用更少的东西生活得更好,由此推断出画线词语的意思是“越多越好”,所以答案为A项。B项:适可而止。C项:钱越多就越担心。D项:挣得多花得多。这三项与父母希望孩子拥有更多的东西的想法不符。
14.C 细节理解题。题干句意:什么事让Georgia同意卖掉她的一些东西?根据第二段最后一句话可知,在我们承诺把这笔钱放进她的学校基金后,她选择卖掉几件较大而不太常用的东西,因为她想把这笔钱放到自己的基金中去,所以答案为C项。A项:为了她的假期攒钱。B项:为一个贫穷的女孩筹款。D项:把这笔钱给一位生病的母亲。
15.A 推理判断题。题干句意:作者为什么要和Shepherd一起玩球?根据第三段的Yesterday,
I
sat
with
my
son,
Shepherd,
determined
to
test
my
own
theory
on
this.可以推断出作者和儿子一起玩球是为了检验一下自己的理论。
16.C 主旨大意题。作者在第一段的最后就提出了本文的主题:how
to
live
more
with
less,后面几段描写了作者在自己的孩子身上证明了自己的这个观点是正确的,所以答案为C项。A项:要么接受,要么放弃。B项:从孩子身上学到的教训。D项:奉献的乐趣。这三项与第一段提出的主题不符。
Passage
5(2017课标全国Ⅰ,C)
Some
of
the
world’s
most
famous
musicians
recently
gathered
in
Paris
and
New
Orleans
to
celebrate
the
first
annual
International
Jazz
Day.
UNESCO(United
Nations
Educational,
Scientific
and
Cultural
Organization)recently
set
April
30
as
a
day
to
raise
awareness
of
jazz
music,
its
significance,
and
its
potential
as
a
unifying(联合)voice
across
cultures.
Despite
the
celebrations,
though,
in
the
U.S.
the
jazz
audience
continues
to
shrink
and
grow
older,
and
the
music
has
failed
to
connect
with
younger
generations.
It’s
Jason
Moran’s
job
to
help
change
that.
As
the
Kennedy
Center’s
artistic
adviser
for
jazz,
Moran
hopes
to
widen
the
audience
for
jazz,
make
the
music
more
accessible,
and
preserve
its
history
and
culture.
“Jazz
seems
like
it’s
not
really
a
part
of
the
American
appetite,”Moran
tells
National
Public
Radio’s
reporter
Neal
Conan.“What
I’m
hoping
to
accomplish
is
that
my
generation
and
younger
start
to
reconsider
and
understand
that
jazz
is
not
black
and
white
anymore.
It’s
actually
color,
and
it’s
actually
digital.”
Moran
says
one
of
the
problems
with
jazz
today
is
that
the
entertainment
aspect
of
the
music
has
been
lost.“The
music
can’t
be
presented
today
the
way
it
was
in
1908
or
1958.
It
has
to
continue
to
move,
because
the
way
the
world
works
is
not
the
same,”says
Moran.
Last
year,
Moran
worked
on
a
project
that
arranged
Fats
Waller’s
music
for
a
dance
party,“just
to
kind
of
put
it
back
in
the
mind
that
Waller
is
dance
music
as
much
as
it
is
concert
music,”says
Moran.“For
me,
it’s
the
recontextualization.
In
music,
where
does
the
emotion(情感)lie?Are
we,
as
humans,
gaining
any
insight(感悟)on
how
to
talk
about
ourselves
and
how
something
as
abstract
as
a
Charlie
Parker
record
gets
us
into
a
dialogue
about
our
emotions
and
our
thoughts?Sometimes
we
lose
sight
that
the
music
has
a
wider
context,”says
Moran,“so
I
want
to
continue
those
dialogues.
Those
are
the
things
I
want
to
foster.”
17.Why
did
UNESCO
set
April
30
as
International
Jazz
Day?
A.To
remember
the
birth
of
jazz.
B.To
protect
cultural
diversity.
C.To
encourage
people
to
study
music.
D.To
recognize
the
value
of
jazz.
18.What
does
the
underlined
word“that”in
paragraph
3
refer
to?
A.Jazz
becoming
more
accessible.
B.The
production
of
jazz
growing
faster.
C.Jazz
being
less
popular
with
the
young.
D.The
jazz
audience
becoming
larger.
19.What
can
we
infer
about
Moran’s
opinion
on
jazz?
A.It
will
disappear
gradually.
B.It
remains
black
and
white.
C.It
should
keep
up
with
the
times.
D.It
changes
every
50
years.
20.Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Exploring
the
Future
of
Jazz
B.The
Rise
and
Fall
of
Jazz
C.The
Story
of
a
Jazz
Musician
D.Celebrating
the
Jazz
Day
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。虽然美国爵士乐在文化交流中起着积极的作用,但是它的前景堪忧。目前爵士乐的听众越来越少,且年轻人不喜欢爵士乐。Moran试图改变其现状,他建议爵士乐要与时俱进,运用多种元素来适应现实,让其成为一种年轻人喜欢的艺术表现形式。
17.D 细节理解题。本题问联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)为什么把4月30日设为“国际爵士乐日”。根据第一段最后一句中的
“...to
raise
awareness
of
jazz
music,
its
significance,
and...”可知联合国教科文组织设立“国际爵士乐日”的目的是让更多人了解爵士乐,了解它的意义和它在跨文化交流中的潜在作用,即让人们认识到它的价值,故答案为D项。
18.C 词义猜测题。第三段中that所在的句子起到承接上段的作用,由此可知that所指的内容应在第二段。第二段指出爵士乐听众减少并呈现老龄化趋势,不受年轻人欢迎。改变这一点正是Jason
Moran的工作,故答案为C项。
19.C 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“It
has
to
continue
to
move,
because...”可知,Moran认为爵士乐需要不断地前进,因为当今的世界和以前的已经不一样了。由此推断出Moran对爵士乐的看法应该是:爵士乐应该跟上时代的脚步。所以答案为C项。
20.A 主旨大意题。第一段作者提到为了让人们认识到爵士乐的价值而设立了国际爵士乐日;后面描述了爵士乐的现状,指出了为什么现在的年轻人不接受它;再结合最后一段中的“so
I
want
to
continue
those
dialogues.
Those
are
the
things
I
want
to
foster.”可知,本文的主题就是探索爵士乐的未来,答案为A项。
Passage
6(2017课标全国Ⅲ,B)
Minutes
after
the
last
movie
ended
yesterday
at
the
Plaza
Theater,
employees
were
busy
sweeping
up
popcorns
and
gathering
coke
cups.
It
was
a
scene
that
had
been
repeated
many
times
in
the
theater’s
75-year
history.
This
time,
however,
the
cleanup
was
a
little
different.
As
one
group
of
workers
carried
out
the
rubbish,
another
group
began
removing
seats
and
other
theater
equipment
in
preparation
for
the
building’s
end.
The
film
classic
The
Last
Picture
Show
was
the
last
movie
shown
in
the
old
theater.
Though
the
movie
is
30
years
old,
most
of
the
250
seats
were
filled
with
teary-eyed
audience
wanting
to
say
good-bye
to
the
old
building.
Theater
owner
Ed
Bradford
said
he
chose
the
movie
because
it
seemed
appropriate.
The
movie
is
set
in
a
small
town
where
the
only
movie
theater
is
preparing
to
close
down.
Bradford
said
that
large
modern
theaters
in
the
city
made
it
impossible
for
the
Plaza
to
compete.
He
added
that
the
theater’s
location(位置)was
also
a
reason.“This
used
to
be
the
center
of
town,”he
said.“Now
the
area
is
mostly
office
buildings
and
warehouses.”
Last
week
some
city
officials
suggested
the
city
might
be
interested
in
turning
the
old
theater
into
a
museum
and
public
meeting
place.
However,
these
plans
were
abandoned
because
of
financial
problems.
Bradford
sold
the
building
and
land
to
a
local
development
firm,
which
plans
to
build
a
shopping
complex
on
the
land
where
the
theater
is
located.
The
theater
audience
said
good-bye
as
Bradford
locked
the
doors
for
the
last
time.
After
75
years
the
Plaza
Theater
had
shown
its
last
movie.
The
theater
will
be
missed.
21.In
what
way
was
yesterday’s
cleanup
at
the
Plaza
special?
A.It
made
room
for
new
equipment.
B.It
signaled
the
closedown
of
the
theater.
C.It
was
done
with
the
help
of
the
audience.
D.It
marked
the
75th
anniversary
of
the
theater.
22.Why
was
The
Last
Picture
Show
put
on?
A.It
was
an
all-time
classic.
B.It
was
about
the
history
of
the
town.
C.The
audience
requested
it.
D.The
theater
owner
found
it
suitable.
23.What
will
probably
happen
to
the
building?
A.It
will
be
repaired.
B.It
will
be
turned
into
a
museum.
C.It
will
be
knocked
down.
D.It
will
be
sold
to
the
city
government.
24.What
can
we
infer
about
the
audience?
A.They
are
disappointed
with
Bradford.
B.They
are
sad
to
part
with
the
old
theater.
C.They
are
supportive
of
the
city
officials.
D.They
are
eager
to
have
a
shopping
center.
答案
[语篇解读] 一家经营了75年的影院宣布关张,最后放映的《最后一场电影》让观众热泪盈眶。文中介绍了影院关张的原因以及影院场地的改造计划。
21.B 推理判断题。第一段结尾处说,一组工人运垃圾,另外一组工人开始拆卸座椅和其他设备,为影院的结束做准备。这预示着这个已有75年历史的影院永远关张,故B项正确。
22.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theater
owner
Ed
Bradford
said
he
chose
the
movie
because
it
seemed
appropriate.”可知D项正确。
23.C 推理判断题。短文第四段后半部分说影院老板已经把影院连同土地出售给了当地的一家开发公司,而开发公司计划在影院所在地建设一个综合购物大楼。考生依据这些信息可以推断出影院建筑肯定要被拆除,故正确选项为C。B项有一些干扰作用。
24.B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段所描述的拥有250个座位的影院几乎座无虚席,观众眼含泪水观看一部三十年前的老电影和影院做最后的告别的场景,可以推断出B项正确。
科普环保类
Passage
1(2019课标全国Ⅱ,D)
Bacteria
are
an
annoying
problem
for
astronauts.
The
microorganisms(微生物)from
our
bodies
grow
uncontrollably
on
surfaces
of
the
International
Space
Station,
so
astronauts
spend
hours
cleaning
them
up
each
week.
How
is
NASA
overcoming
this
very
tiny
big
problem?It’s
turning
to
a
bunch
of
high
school
kids.
But
not
just
any
kids.
It
is
depending
on
NASA
HUNCH
high
school
classrooms,
like
the
one
science
teachers
Gene
Gordon
and
Donna
Himmelberg
lead
at
Fairport
High
School
in
Fairport,
New
York.
HUNCH
is
designed
to
connect
high
school
classrooms
with
NASA
engineers.
For
the
past
two
years,
Gordon’s
students
have
been
studying
ways
to
kill
bacteria
in
zero
gravity,
and
they
think
they’re
close
to
a
solution(解决方案).
“We
don’t
give
the
students
any
breaks.
They
have
to
do
it
just
like
NASA
engineers,”says
Florence
Gold,
a
project
manager.
“There
are
no
tests,”Gordon
says.“There
is
no
graded
homework.
There
almost
are
no
grades,
other
than‘Are
you
working
towards
your
goal?’Basically,
it’s
‘I’ve
got
to
produce
this
product
and
then,
at
the
end
of
the
year,
present
it
to
NASA.’Engineers
come
and
really
do
an
in-person
review,
and...it’s
not
a
very
nice
thing
at
times.
It’s
a
hard
business
review
of
your
product.”
Gordon
says
the
HUNCH
program
has
an
impact(影响)
on
college
admissions
and
practical
life
skills.
“These
kids
are
so
absorbed
in
their
studies
that
I
just
sit
back.
I
don’t
teach.”
And
that
annoying
bacteria?Gordon
says
his
students
are
emailing
daily
with
NASA
engineers
about
the
problem,
readying
a
workable
solution
to
test
in
space.
1.What
do
we
know
about
the
bacteria
in
the
International
Space
Station?
A.They
are
hard
to
get
rid
of.
B.They
lead
to
air
pollution.
C.They
appear
in
different
forms.
D.They
damage
the
instruments.
2.What
is
the
purpose
of
the
HUNCH
program?
A.To
strengthen
teacher-student
relationships.
B.To
sharpen
students’
communication
skills.
C.To
allow
students
to
experience
zero
gravity.
D.To
link
space
technology
with
school
education.
3.What
do
the
NASA
engineers
do
for
the
students
in
the
program?
A.Check
their
product.
B.Guide
project
designs.
C.Adjust
work
schedules.
D.Grade
their
homework.
4.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.NASA:The
Home
of
Astronauts
B.Space:The
Final
Homework
Frontier
C.Nature:An
Outdoor
Classroom
D.HUNCH:A
College
Admission
Reform
答案
[语篇解读] 本文体裁为记叙文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科技发展。美国国家航空航天局创办了一个名为HUNCH的项目,一群高中生在项目中研究如何杀死国际空间站的细菌。本文侧重培养学生的思维品质。
1.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:我们对国际空间站的细菌的了解有哪些?根据题干中的关键词bacteria
in
the
International
Space
Station可定位至第一段。根据第一段中Bacteria
are
an
annoying
problem
for
astronauts.
The
microorganisms
from
our
bodies
grow
uncontrollably
on
surfaces
of
the
International
Space
Station,
so
astronauts
spend
hours
cleaning
them
up
each
week.可知,国际空间站的细菌非常难处理,所以选择A项。B:它们导致空气污染;C:它们以不同的形式出现;D:它们毁坏仪器。
2.D 细节理解题。本题题干意为:HUNCH项目的目的是什么?第二段第一句HUNCH
is
designed
to
connect
high
school
classrooms
with
NASA
engineers.(HUNCH的设计目的是将高中教室与NASA的工程师联系在一起。)中的high
school
classrooms与D选项中的school
education(学校教育)对应,NASA
engineers与D选项中的space
technology(空间技术)对应,故选D。A:为了加强师生关系;B:为了提升学生的交流技能;C:为了让学生体验失重。
3.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:NASA的工程师为参加此项目的学生做了些什么?根据题干中的NASA
engineers
do可定位至第三段的Engineers
come
and
really
do
an
in-person
review,
and...it’s
not
a
very
nice
thing
at
times.
It’s
a
hard
business
review
of
your
product,句中两次出现review(检查,审查),证明NASA的工
