人教版高中英语必修二 unit 3 computers grammar课件（共28张PPT）

(共28张PPT)
Learning
about
Language
The
Present
Perfect
Passive
Voice
revision
Will/shall
+be
+
V过去分词
构成形式:
一般将来时被动语态
(Future
Passive
Voice)
shall
用于第一人称:
I
/we
,
will
用于任何人称
be
going
to
be
+V过去分词
be
to
be
+V过去分词
否定句:
一般疑问句:
在will/shall后+not
把will
/shall
提前
The
students
of
class
one
will
clean
the
playground.
The
playground
will
be
cleaned
by
the
students
of
class
one.
We
are
going
to
hold
a
meeting
on
Saturday
afternoon.
A
meeting
is
going
to
be
held
(by
us)
on
Saturday
afternoon.
The
twins
are
to
repair
the
machine
tomorrow.
The
machine
is
to
be
repaired
(by
the
twins)
tomorrow.
The
host
will
give
the
winner
a
computer
as
the
prize.
获胜者将被赠予一台电脑作为奖励.
The
winner
will
be
given
a
computer
as
the
prize
(by
the
host).
一台电脑将被赠给获胜者作为奖励.
A
computer
will
be
given
(by
the
host)
to
the
winner
as
the
prize.
Lead-in
Are
you
familiar
with
these
computers?
Can
you
call
them?
palmtop
laptop/
notebook
desktop
PC
WW
PC
wrist-worn/wearable
PC
A
wrist-worn
PC
has
been
invented
recently.
A
pen-like
computer
has
already
been
developed.
Can
you
make
more
sentences
similar
to
the
sentences
above?
“have/has
been
done
?”
A
calculating
machine;
replace
The
buildings;
destroy
;
earthquake
A
calculating
machine
has
been
replaced
with
the
laptop.
The
buildings
have
been
destroyed
in
an
earthquake.
A
calculating
machine
has
been
replaced
with
the
laptop.
The
buildings
have
been
destroyed
in
an
earthquake.
3.
The
sports
meeting
has
already
been
held
in
our
school.
Do
the
underlined
parts
have
something
in
common?
Discovering:
has/have
been
done
现在完成时
被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态
the
Present
Perfect
Passive
Voice
现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1.表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响和结果.
The
door
has
been
locked.??
2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for
或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于How
long...?句型中.
The
important
problem
has
been
discussed
for
nearly
two
weeks.
How
long
has
the
machine
been
used?
现在完成时的标志:recently
/already/yet
for+一段时间
/since+时间点
句型
He
has
been
sent
to
study
the
new
technology
in
the
company.
否定句:
He
has
not
been
sent
to
study
the
new
technology
in
the
company.
一般疑问句:
Has
he
been
sent
to
study
the
new
technology
in
the
company?
特殊疑问句:
Where
has
he
been
sent
to
study
the
new
technology?
在have
/has
后加not
have
/has
提前
疑问词+have
(has)+主语+been+
V过去分词.+...?
Great
changes
________
in
the
city
,
and
a
lot
of
factories
________.
A.
have
been
taken
place
;
have
been
set
up
B.
have
taken
place;
have
been
set
up
C.
have
taken
place;
have
set
up
D.
were
taken
place;
were
set
up
B
1.They
not
have
finished
the
homework
which
should
be
finished
yesterday.
2.Does
the
new
program
have
been
developed
for
the
robot?
3.How
many
have
teachers
been
interviewed
for
the
job?
Has
the
new
program
have
not
teachers
have
correct
mistakes
二、现在完成时的被动语态应注意的几个问题
?
1.请注意现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词,即have/has和been,两者缺一不可。
2.
请注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系.
The
bridge
was
built
last
year.
这桥是去年建成的。
The
bridge
has
been
built.?
这桥已经建好了。
三、
巩固练习?
1.－How
many
times______
not
to
play
with
fire?
－I’m
sorry.
I’ll
never
do
that
again.
A.
do
you
tell
???????
B.
had
you
told?
C.
are
you
told
??????
D.
have
you
been
told?
2.The
fire
_______
to
the
fifth
floor.
_______
all
the
people
_______?
A.
has
got;
Have;
been
saved???
B.
has
been
got;
Have;
saved
C.
has
got;
Do;
save????
D.
has
got;
Have;
saved
3.Do
you
know
the
thief
______
by
the
police?
has
caught?
???????
B.
has
been
catching
C.
was
caught?
???????
D.
has
been
caught?
Homework:
准备月考
3.请注意一些特殊动词,如borrow,
finish,
begin,
buy,
start,
return,
marry,
open,
join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思,则需改换动词或时态。如:
[误]
How
long
has
this
book
been
bought?
[正]
How
long
ago
was
this
book
bought?
但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程,具有连续性,因而可与since或for引导的时间状语连用。如:
No
books
have
been
bought
since
last
week.
自上周以来,没有人来买过书。
4.This
is
one
of
the
happiest
days
______
spent
in
my
life.
A.
that
have
ever
been
B.
that
have
never
been
C.
which
was
ever?????
??D.
which
we
have
never
5.When
and
where
to
go
for
the
on-salary
holiday_____
yet.
A.
are
not
decided
B.
have
not
been
decided
C.
is
not
being
decided
D.
has
not
been
decided
1.
---How
long
_____
at
this
job?
---
Since
1990.
A.
were
you
employed
B.
have
you
been
employed
C.
had
you
been
employed
D.
will
you
be
employed
2.When
and
where
to
go
for
the
on-salary
holiday
___yet.
(2003
上海春季)
A.
are
not
decided
B.
have
not
been
decided
C.
is
not
being
decided
D.
has
not
been
decided
3.
All
the
preparations
for
the
task___,
and
we’re
ready
to
start.
(2000
北京春季)
completed
B.
complete
C.
had
been
completed
D.
have
been
completed
B
D
D
Example:
I
have
read
this
book
many
times.
This
book
has
been
read
many
times
.
1.
We
have
completed
all
the
preparations
for
the
task,
and
we’re
ready
to
start.
2.
This
company
has
produced
new
types
of
computers.
3.
They
have
interviewed
several
teachers
for
the
job.
4.
George
has
sent
some
texts
and
pictures
to
his
friend’s
cellphone.
5.
They
have
developed
some
programmes
for
the
human
resource
department
of
their
company.
1
.
Change
the
following
sentences
into
the
Present
Perfect
Passive
Voice.
Practice
:
2
.
Change
the
following
sentences
into
the
Present
Perfect
Passive
Voice.
Put
the
verbs
into
correct
form.
Recently
we
have
bought
a
new
personal
computer.
We
have
used
the
computer
every
day
since
we
bought
it.
We
have
just
joined
our
computer
to
the
Internet.
However,
we
have
found
many
problems
with
it.
So
we
have
decided
to
ask
a
professional
man
to
fix
it.
Soon
he
has
fixed
the
computer.
He
has
built
a
PC
way
we
wanted
.
How
excited
we
are!
These
days
we
have
written
a
lot
of
E-mails
on
the
computer.
We
have
decided
to
write
a
report
about
the
positive
and
the
negative
effects
of
using
computers.
8.
All
the
preparations
for
the
project
_______,
And
we’re
ready
to
start.
completed
B.
had
been
completed
C.
complete
D.
have
been
completed
9.
Great
changes
________
in
the
city
,
and
a
lot
of
factories
________.
have
been
taken
place
;
have
been
set
up
B.
have
taken
place;
have
been
set
up
C.
have
taken
place;
have
set
up
D.
were
taken
place;
were
set
up
10.The
book
________
under
the
bench
for
two
days.
has
put
B
has
been
lying
C.
has
been
put
D.
has
been
laid
D
B
B
What
has
been
decided
Example:
S1:
It
has
been
decided
that
those
who
do
not
do
heir
homework
will
be
asked
to
return
to
school
on
Saturday.
S2:It
has
been
decided
that
those
who
keep
the
classroom
tidy
should
be
allowed
to
go
home
early
everyday.
S3:It
has
been
decided
…
S4:…
Get
into
groups
of
four.
Your
task
is
to
decide
what
has
been
decided
for
the
class
.Take
turns
to
make
the
ideas
as
interesting
or
as
lively
as
you
can.
Collect
the
ones
you
all
like
best
and
be
prepared
to
tell
them
to
the
class.
Play
a
game:
He
has
been
writing
the
report
for
two
days.变为被动语态的结构是：
The
report
has
been
written
by
him
for
two
days.
5.Some
new
oil
fields_____
since
1976.
A.
were
opened
up
B.
has
opened
up
C.
have
been
opened
up
D.
had
been
opened
up
6.The
silence
of
the
library_____
only
by
the
sound
of
pages
being
turned
over.
A.
has
been
broken
B.
breaks
C.
broke
D.
was
broken
7.-_____
the
sports
meet
might
be
put
off.
-Yes,
it
all
depends
on
the
weather.
A.
I've
been
told
B.
I've
told
C.
I'm
told
D.I
told
为D,C,B,D,C,A和A
1.现在完成时被动语态肯定句
主语+has/
have
been
+P.P.+...(P.P.=动词的过去分词形式)
Her
motorbike
has
been
stolen.她的摩托车被盗了。
All
the
offices
have
been
linked
by
computer.所有的售票处由计算机联网工作。
2.现在完成时被动语态否定句
主语+has/
have
+not+
been+
P.P.+...
The
task
has
not
been
finished
yet.
任务尚未完成。
Many
skilled
workers
have
not
been
trained
in
the
company.
这家公司并没有培养多少熟练工人。
　　
3.现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句
[句型1]Has
he(she,
it,单数名词)+been+P.P.+...?
Has
a
new
computer
been
bought?买了一台新电脑吗?
Have
they
been
sent
abroad
to
study
Eng-lish?他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗?
4.现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句
疑问词+have
(has)+主语+been+
P.P.+...?
What
has
been
bought
by
Tom?汤姆已经买了什么东西?
Who
have
been
helped
by
the
new
computer?谁已经得到这种新计算机的帮助?
How
many
buildings
have
been
built
in
this
school?这所学校已经建造了多少座大楼?
Where
has
the
car
been
repaired?这辆小汽车已经在哪里修理好了?
1构成：
主动语态
被动语态
现在完成时
have/has
done
He
has
been
sent
to
study
the
new
technology
in
the
company.
The
dirty
clothes
have
not
been
washed.
Have
the
windows
been
cleaned?
How
many
shopping
centers
have
been
built
in
this
city?
The
Present
Perfect
Passive
Voice
　　（现在完成时的被动语态）
have/has
been
done
Learning
the
structure: