专题10 高中英语单词名词专项巩固训练（含解析）

高考英语词汇复习
名词系列
1.I asked her whether she would attend Barbara’s party that is going to be held the next week, but she made no ______.
A. response B. explanation
C. concept D. affection
2.Earlier this year during the power transition , analysts said, Chinese leaders tried to show their _______ to fighting against corruption.
A. greed B. commitment
C. responsibility D. motivation
3.The of this illness in the area is of concern to all doctors.
A. fluency B. frequency
C. determination D. guidance
4.Most of the holiday flights depart and arrive on .
A. schedule B. scheme
C. shelter D. source
5.- It’s reported that the top official has been arrested by the police.
- He did deserve it. He shouldn’t have used his to do so many illegal things.
A. advantages B. measures C. strengths D. privileges
6.—What did he do in return for free ________ and food offered by the kind couple?
—He helped their son with his lessons.
A. conservation B. admission
C. accommodation D. immigration
7.They were lost at sea at the ___________ of wind and weather.
A. mess B. mercy
C. moment D. mixture
8.Most people said that pay was their main ______________ for working.
A. movement B. mention
C. method D. motivation
9.He wanted to look for a(n) _________suited to his abilities.
A. pension B. prevention
C. occupation D. permission
10.The level of __________ in the river was falling.
A. population B. prescription
C. presentation D. pollution
11.China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, whose positioning ________ will reach 2.5 meters by 2020, will soon provide services for more countries.
A. accuracy B. category
C. function D. reference
12.Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in _________.
A. order B. operation
C. line D. public
13.The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly_________ .
A. atmosphere B. state
C. situation D. phenomenon
14.It has been revealed that some government leaders abuse their _____and position to get illegal profits for themselves.
A．assessment B．authority
C．audience D．autonomous
15.Coming to another country to study requires a big __________ and it takes a while to fit in.
A．agreement B．administration
C．admission D．adjustment
16.Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first .
A．attraction B．attempt
C．arrival D．article
17.The rising crime rate is a major ______ of society.
A．concern B．cause
C．conflict D．condition
18.The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ________ all over the country.
A．bases B．branches
C．boards D．businesses
19.At that time, my mind was a complete _______ ; I couldn't think of a single answer.
A．blank B．bonus
C．blow D．bottom
20.While a full understanding of what causes the disease may be several years away, a leading to a successful treatment could come much sooner.
A．bonus B．breakthrough
C．budget D．blow
答案
1.答案及解析：A
【详解】句意为：我问她是否会参加下周举办的Barbara的晚会，她没有回答。A. response 回复 B. explanation 解释 C. concept 概念 D. affection 喜爱，故选A。
2.答案及解析：B
句意：今年早些时候领导人换届期间，分析人士曾指出，中国领导人试图展现其反腐的决心。?A. greed贪婪；B. commitment承诺；C. responsibility 责任；D. motivation动机。故选B。
为A。
3答案及解析：B
A. fluency流畅；B. frequency频率；C. determination决心；D. guidance引导。句意：这种疾病在该地区发生的频率引起了所有医生的关注。根据句意可知，此处指“疾病发生的频率”。故B选项正确。
4答案及解析：A
A. schedule时刻表；B. scheme计划；C. shelter庇护所；D. source来源。句意：大多数假日航班准时起飞和到达。根据句意可知，此处指“按时间表起飞和到达”。故A选项正确。
5答案及解析：D
句意：--据报道那位高官已经被警察逮捕了。--这是他应得的，他不应该用自己的特权去做那么多违法的事情。A. advantages优点； B. measures措施； C. strengths优点，强项； D. privileges特权。根据the top official可知，高官有自己的特权，故选D。
6答案及解析：C
句意：——他做什么来回报那对好心的夫妇给他提供的免费的食宿? ——他给他们的儿子辅导功课。A. conservation保存；B. admission 承认；C. accommodation住处；D. immigration移居，故选C。
7答案及解析：B
句意：他们在大海中迷失了方向，任由风和天气的摆布。A. mess混乱；B. mercy仁慈，摆布；C. moment时刻；D. mixture混合物。本句为短语at the mercy of 由…摆布，故选B。
8答案及解析：D
句意：大多数人说他们工作的主要动力就是工资。A. movement运动；B. mention提及；C. method方法；D. motivation动机。根据句意可知，工作是为了薪水，故选D。
9答案及解析：C
句意：他想找一份匹配他能力的工作。A. pension养老金；B. prevention预防；C. occupation职业；D. permission允许。根据本句的suited to his abilities可知，匹配自己能力的职位，故选C。
10答案及解析：D
句意：河流的污染程度在下降。A. population人口；B. prescription处方；C. presentation呈现，展示；D. pollution 污染。根据本句的in the river可知，河流的污染程度，故选D。
11答案及解析A
A. accuracy精确度； B. category种类，分类； C. function功能； D. reference参考。句意：到2020年，中国北斗导航卫星系统的定位精度将达到2.5米，不久将向更多国家提供服务。结合句意可知答案为A。
12答案及解析：B
句意：在操作机器的时候必须要穿防护服。A. order命令，顺序；B. operation运行；C. line直线；D. public公共。本句为短语in operation运行之中，故选B。
13答案及解析：A
句意：两国的最高领导人正在一种友好的气氛下举行会谈。A．atmosphere气氛；B．state国家、状态；C．situation 状况；情形；D．phenomenon现象。综上可知选A。
14答案及解析：B
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。A. assessment 评估，估价； B. authority 权威，权利；C. audience 观众；D. autonomous 自治的。句意：据透露，一些政府领导人滥用权力和职位为自己获取非法利益。根据句意，这里是利用什么来获取利益，A,C,D项与make use of搭配都不合逻辑，选B项。
15答案及解析：D
A. agreement 同意；B. administration 行政；管理； C .admission；D. adjustment 调整。句意：去别的国家学习做大的调整并需要一段时间来适应。根据后文 “it takes a while to fit in”可知去往新的国家要花时间来适应(fit in), 与fit in相呼应的是D项，故选D项。
16答案及解析：B
A. attraction 有吸引力的（人或事物）B. attempt 尝试；C. arrival到达；D. article文章。句意：雪莉为她的生物学考试做了精心准备，以便她能确保第一次通过考试。根据句意，雪莉想第一次考试就通过，attempt意为“尝试”，符合句意，故选B项。
答案及解析：A
17A. concern令人担忧的事；B. cause原因；C. conflict矛盾；冲突；D. condition 境况。根据The rising crime rate可知犯罪率不断上升，这件事对于社会来说应该是一件不好的事，故选A项。
18答案及解析：B
句意：该银行总部位于北京，但在全国各地设有分支机构。A. bases基础；B. branches 枝条；分支；C. boards 甲板；D. businesses 商业。B项branch的意义之一“分支”符合句意，故选B项。
19答案及解析：A
句意：那时，我的思绪完全是空白; 我一个答案都想不出来。A. blank空白；B. bonus 红利；C. blow 殴打，击打； D. bottom 底部。一个答案都想不出来，说明我的脑子是一片空白(blank)，B,C,D项放进句子都不和逻辑，故选A项。
20.答案及解析：B
句意：尽管完全了解这种病的病因可能还需要几年,但不久就能在此病的治疗上取得突破性的进展。A. bonus奖金，红利；B. breakthrough 突破，重大进展；C. budget预算；D. blow殴打，击打。根据句意，选B项.
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