人教版高二英语选修6Unit 2 Poems虚拟语气学案

虚拟语气（二）
【观察】观察下列几组句子中虚拟语气的用法，然后加以总结。
1. a. Mr. Li suggested that we (should) put off the sports meeting till next month.
b. It is required that all of us (should) be present at the meeting.
c. The doctor’s suggestion is that I (should) stay in bed for another three days.
2. a. John wants to see me today, but I would rather he came tomorrow.
b. Now I regret going to the cinema with him. I would rather I had stayed at home.
3. a. It is high time that we took measures to protect these endangered animals.
b. It is time that you made up your mind.
4. a. If only the rain would stop!
b. If only I hadn抰 told the news to Mary, everything would have been all right.
5. a. You treat the elderly as if / though they were your parents.
b. Bob behaved as if / though nothing had happened.
6. a. But for your help, we couldn抰 have finished the work ahead of time.
b. Without the message, I would not have found the lost computer.
7. a. If you had taken my advice, you wouldn抰 be in such trouble now.
b. If he had been trying hard, his parents wouldn抰 be so worried.
【总结】?????? ??
通过观察以上几组例句，我们可以发现虚拟语气有如下用法：
★ 在表示请求、建议、要求、命令的名词性从句中，谓语用________ + 动词原形或只用动词原形。（如第1组例句）
★ 在________后的宾语从句中，谓语常用过去时表示现在或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况。（如第2组例句）
★ 在It is (high, abouwt) time后的从句中，谓语要用虚拟语气（多用一般过去式表示）。（如第3组例句）
★ ________（但愿、要是……就好了）主要用在虚拟语气中，用以表达愿望或非真实条件，谓语用过去的某种时态。（如第4组例句）
★ 在as if, as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词可用虚拟语气，其形式与wish后的宾语从句相同。（如第5组例句）
★ 虚拟的条件有时可以不用条件从句来表示，而是通过某些介词短语、副词等来表达。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的词或短语有but for(要不是), ________等。（如第6组例句）
★ 有时，非真实条件句主句谓语和从句谓语表示的动作发生的时间不一致，这类句子称为错综时间条件句。这时，主从句谓语形式要根据各自的时间确定。（如第7组例句）
答案：
【总结】should；would rather；if only；without
【运用】
I. 根据括号内的提示补全下面句子或对话。
1. I didn’t know you were in hospital. If I ________ (know), I ________ (go) to visit you.
2. You’re so tired. If you ________ (go) to bed earlier last night, you ________ (not, be) so tired now.
3. 桯ow was your holiday?
桰t was OK, but we ________ (enjoy) it more if the weather ________ (be) better.
4. 梂ould you like to go shopping with me?
桽orry, I am too busy now. If I ________ (have) time, I would certainly go with you.
5. We lost our way in that forest, otherwise we ________ (visit) more places of interest last Sunday.
II. 根据短文内容，用虚拟语气完成其后句子。
It was a hot day, so the scientists decided to open the window. Suddenly a bird flew into the laboratory. The bird couldn’t escape, so it flew around and knocked over some containers. Two liquids came into contact with each other and mixed together. The result was the cure the scientists had been looking for all along.
1. If it ________ a hot day, the scientists ________ to open the window.
2. If the scientists ________ the window, a bird ________ into the laboratory.
3. If the bird ________ into the laboratory, it ________ over some containers.
4. If it ________ over some containers, the liquids ________ into contact.
5. If the liquids ________ into contact, they ________ together.
6. If they ________ together, the scientists ________ the cure they had been looking for.
答案
I.
1. had known; would / could / might / should have gone
2. had gone; wouldn’t / mightn’t / couldn’t / shouldn’t be
3. would / could / might / should have enjoyed; had been
4. had
5. would / could / might / should have visited
II.
1. hadn’t been; wouldn’t / couldn’t / mightn’t / shouldn’t have decided
2. hadn’t opened; wouldn’t / couldn’t / mightn’t / shouldn’t have flown
3. hadn’t flown; wouldn’t / couldn’t / mightn’t / shouldn’t have knocked
4. hadn’t knocked; wouldn’t / couldn’t / mightn’t / shouldn’t have come
5. hadn’t come; wouldn’t / couldn’t / mightn’t / shouldn’t have mixed
6. hadn’t mixed; wouldn’t / couldn’t / mightn’t / shouldn’t have found