构词法

(共12张PPT)
构词法
构词法：
合成(Compounding)
派生法（Derivation）
转化法（Conversion）
1.合成：
有两个或更多的词合成一个词。合成次的构成大致有以下几种情况。
1.复合名词：
reading-room
keyboard
seafood
doorbell
blackboard
gentleman
handwriting
best-seller
greenhouse
绅士
阅览室
书法
键盘
畅销书
海鲜
黑板
温室
门铃
2.复合形容词
long-hair
first-class
snow-white
hand-made
warm-hearted
life-long
dark-blue
good-looking
underground
长发的
一流的
雪白的
手工的
热心的
终身的
深蓝的
好看的
地下的
3.复合动词：
safe-guard
half-understand
overcome
捍卫
一知半解
克服
4.复合数词
fifty-nine
forty-five
thirty-six
ninty-nine
5.复合代词
some/any/no+thing/one/body
6.复合副词
sometimes
alongside
beforehand
nearby
有时地
并排地
事先地
附近地
派生法（Derivation）---词缀法
1.加前缀的构词法:
Pre-（前）
Pre-reading, Pre-liberation
Re-(重新)
Rewrite, reconsider, reuse
dis-(不)
disagree
Un-(不)
untie, unfair, unbelievable
im-, un-, dis-,常表示否定
discover
disappear
2.后缀：
adj.-ness
Happiness, illness, selfishness
V-ment
Equipment, entertainment,
amusement
名词性的词缀： -er, -ist, -or, -ship, -hood
n-ist
Scientist, socialist
-ship
Leadership, friendship
-hood
Childhood, brotherhood,
形容词词性的词缀：-able, -cal, -ish, -like, -ful, -ous, -al
acceptable, physical, childish, girlish,
manlike, mouthful, hopeful, delicious,
dangerous national, natural
副词性的词缀：-ly，-wards
quickly, softly, yearly,
backwards, forwards
转化法（Conversion）
taste
n. 味道
v.尝起来
It has a good taste.
It tastes very good.
book
n.书籍
v.记载
record
n.记录
v. 记录
This book is very good.
He is booking the history.
He broke the record.
He lies to record something while reading a book.
clean
adj. 干净
v.清扫
Please keep tidy and clean.
You have to clean the blackboard after class.