(共39张PPT)
Unit
5
Do
you
want
to
watch
a
game
show?
知识点讲解
人教版
（Go
for
it)
八
年级上册
What
do
you
think
of
talk
shows？你认为谈话节目怎么样？
What
do/does＋sb.＋think
of
...？
意为“某人认为……怎么样？”，
用来问对方对某人或某物的观点或看法，=How
do
/
does
sb.
like
...？
eg：—What
do
you
think
of
（How
do
you
like）Chinese
food?
你认为中国菜怎么样？
—Very
delicious.
I
like
it
so
much.
很可口。我非常喜欢它。
询问对方的意见或看法的回答，通常用：
think
of
当“考虑，
对……有某种看法”
讲时可以和think
about互换。
eg：Don't
think
of/about
me
any
more.不要再考虑我。
They're
thinking
about/of
buying
a
new
car.
think
of
还可意为“认为，想起”等。后跟名词、代词、动名词等。
eg：She
will
smile
when
she
thinks
of
her
good
friends.
I
like...very
much.
我非常喜欢……
I
don't
like...
我不喜欢……
I
love...
我爱……
I
can't
stand...
我不能忍受……
I
don't
mind...
我不介意……
mind
(v.)介意；在乎。后接名词、代词或动名词，不接不定式，一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。
eg:
We
don’t
mind
giving
them
a
hand.
我们不介意帮助他们。
对Would
you
mind
(my)
doing
sth.?句型进行回答时，表示
“不介意”，习惯用：Not
at
all./Certainly
not./Of
course
not.等;
表示“介意”时，习惯用：I’m
sorry,
but…/Please
don’t...等。
mind作名词，意为“大脑；精神”。
eg:
Wu
Yishu
has
a
good
mind.
武亦姝有聪明的头脑。
Doing
sports
is
good
for
your
mind
and
body.
news
/
nju?z/
n.
新闻节目；新闻
news为不可数名词，如：a
lot
of
news
=
much
news
=
lots
of
news
“大量的新闻”，a
piece
of
news“一条新闻”。
eg:
No
news
is
good
news.
没有消息就是好消息。
news虽然以s结尾，但不是名词复数形式，newspaper报纸，却是可数名词。比如：some
newspapers一些报纸
news
不可数名词意为“信息；新闻”
指公众感兴趣的近来发生的事件，尤其是通过广播、电视、报纸、网络等报道的事件。
information
不可数名词，意为“信息”
常指通过学习、阅读、查询等方式获得的。
message
可数名词
一般指口头传递或书写的“音信”。
stand
/
st?nd
/v.
忍受；站立；起立
stand
作动词，意为“起立”。
eg：Stand
up，please.请起立。
stand作动词，还有“忍受”的意思，
用法stand
sth./sb.（代词宾格）或stand
doing
sth.
常用于否定句和疑问句，与can连用。can't
stand意为“无法忍受”，can't
stand（sb.）doing
sth.
意为“无法忍受（某人）做某事”。
eg：To
get
along
with
others，
you
must
learn
to
stand.
要与他人和睦相处，你必须学会容忍。
—I
can't
stand
playing
computer
games
for
a
long
time.
—Me，either.
plan
to
do
sth.计划/打算做某事
make
a
plan
for
为......制定计划
make
a
plan
to
do
sth.
制定计划去做某事
hope
/
h??p
/
v.
&
n.希望
hope可作名词，常用短语有：new
hope
新希望
Project
Hope
希望工程
hope作动词时，其用法为
hope
意为“希望”，用于表示实现可能性很大的希望
句型:hope
to
do
hope（that）…，
不能说hope
sb.
to
do
sth.
wish
意为“希望”，“愿望”，所表示的希望大体上是可以实现的
句型:wish
sb.
to
do
sth.
expect
期待、盼望、预期
句型：expect
to
do
sth.；
expect
sb.
to
do
sth.；
expect
+
that
从句
go
on
发生与happen同义，常用于进行时态。
eg：What's
going
on
here？这儿发生了什么事？
go
on的其他常见用法
（1）（指情况，形势）持续；继续下去
eg：The
noise
goes
on
24
hours
a
day.
噪音一天24个小时没有消停过。
（2）（指时间
）过去；流逝
eg：As
time
went
on，the
young
man
became
more
and
more
successful.随着时间的推移，那位年轻人变得越来越成功。
（3）继续说（用于短暂停顿之后）
eg：He
hesitated
for
a
moment
and
then
went
on.
他犹豫了一会儿，然后继续往下说。
discussion
/
d?'sk??n
/
n.讨论，商量
have
a
discussion
about/on
sth.就某事展开讨论
have
a
discussion
with
sb.和某人讨论
eg:
They
had
a
discussion
about
where
to
spend
their
holidays.
他们讨论过到什么地方度假。
discussion的动词是discuss，其用法为
discuss
sth.；
discuss
sth.
with
sb.；
discuss
+从句。
It
sounds
like
a
good
plan,
but
you
should
discuss
it
with
your
parents
first.
follow
/
'f?l??
/
v.
跟随，追随
follow
sb./sth.
“跟随某人/某物”。
eg：Follow
me.
I'll
show
you
the
way.跟我走。我来给你带路。
follow还有“遵循；理解；领会”等意思。
eg：You
are
speaking
too
fast
and
we
can’t
follow
you.
你讲得太快，我们不太懂你的意思
follower
n.追随者following
adj.下列的，接着的
happen
/
'h?p?n
/v.
发生，出现
happen
，表示“发生”，一般指偶然发生，主语为事，不能为人。
（1）sth.
happens/ed
to
sb.某人发生了什么事（常指不好的事）
eg:
A
traffic
accident
happened
to
his
elder
brother
yesterday.
昨天他哥哥遭遇了一次交通事故。
（2）sth.
happens/ed+地点/时间，“某地/某时发生了某事”
eg:
An
accident
happened
on
Park
Street.
事故发生在公园街。
happen
v.碰巧，常用于sb.
happened
to
do
sth.某人碰巧做某事。
eg：I
happened
to
read
the
story,
so
I
can
tell
them
the
truth.
碰巧我读过那个故事，所以我能告诉他们事实真相。
The
Olympic
Games
take
place
every
four
years.
两者都是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。都为不及物动词，都不可用于被动语态。
happen
多指意外发生的事
take
place
意为“发生，举行”，多指举行活动，发生某事（常指某事按意图或计划发生）
expect
/
?k'spekt
/
v.预料；期待
eg:
I’m
expecting
a
telephone
call
from
her.
我正在等她的电话。
She
expects
to
go
there
next
week.
她期望下周去那里。
He
expected
her
to
go
with
him.
他期望她同他一起去。
I
expect
that
he’ll
come
back
tomorrow.
我期望他明天就回来。
learn
from
sb.向某人学习
one
day
“有一天”
通常用于过去时或将来时的句子，表示“（过去的）某一天；有一天;(将来）总有一天”
eg:
We
have
lost
100
times,but
one
day
we
shall
win.
One
day,he
asked
an
artist
to
draw
him
a
beautiful
horse.
some
day“有一天，有朝一日”，只用于将来时，不用于过去时。
eg:
We
will
meet
again
some
day/one
day.
the
other
day“不久前的一天；前几天；几天前”只指过去，不指将来
eg:
I
had
a
long
conversation
with
her
the
other
day.
the
next
day指以过去或将来的某一时间为基点说“第二天；次日”，既可用于将来时，也可以用于过去时。
eg:
He
came
back
again
the
next
morning.
He'll
get
there
on
Sunday,and
leave
the
next
day.
joke(n.)
笑话；玩笑（可数名词）
tell
a
joke
讲笑话
have
a
joke
with
sb.
和某人开玩笑
play
a
joke
on
sb.
开某人的玩笑
joke
(v.)
开玩笑
eg:
He
often
jokes
with
me.
他经常和我开玩笑。
动词不定式
动词不定式由“to
＋
动词原形”构成，有时可以
省略to。动词不定式在句中可作宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语等。动词不定式在句子中不作谓语，所以没有人称、数和时态的变化，其否定式是在to前加上not。具体用法见下表:
作宾语
在offer,
plan,
hope,
decide,
learn,
wish,
want,
agree,
refuse,
begin,
start,
forget,
remember等动词之后作宾语。
Finally
he
offered
to
go
shopping
with
me.最后他主动提出跟我一起购物。
I
want
to
see
a
film
tomorrow
evening.我想明天晚上去看一部电影。
在know,
decide,remember等动词之后可“疑问词
＋
动词不定式”作宾语。
I
don't
want
to
stay
at
home，
but
I
don't
know
where
to
go.
我不想待在家里，但是我不知道去哪里。
作宾语
补足语
在teach，
ask，
allow，
invite，
advise等动词之后用不定式作宾补。
My
parents
allow
me
to
play
computer
games
at
weekends.
我父母允许我周末玩电脑游戏。
在let，
make和have之后用省略to的不定式作宾补。
My
mother
often
makes
me
clean
the
windows.
我妈妈常常让我擦窗户。
只能接不定式作宾语的动词：
同意提出做计划，要求答应来帮忙。
准备决定遭拒绝，敢于选择有希望。
不能做到莫假装。设法学会强强强
agree
(同意);
offer
(提出);
plan
(计划);
ask
(要求);
promise
(答应);
help
(帮忙);
prepare
(准备);
decide
(决定);
refuse
(拒绝);
dare
(敢于);
choose
(选择);
wish,
hope,
want,
expect
(希望，想要);
fail
(不能;
忘记);
pretend
(假装);
manage
(设法);
learn
(学会)
不定式的否定形式，应在不定式前直接加not。
如：ask
sb.
not
to
do；
tell
sb.
not
to
do；let
sb.
not
do等。
作状语
动词不定式表示目的。
They
are
working
hard
to
save
the
injured
tiger.他们正在努力营救那只受伤的老虎。
作定语
不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
She
was
the
first
person
to
think
of
the
idea.她是第一个想出这个主意的人。
作
主
语
不定式直接作主语
To
say
is
easy，
but
to
do
is
not
easy.说起来容易，做起来难。
It作形式主语，不定式（短语）作真正的主语
It
is
difficult
（for
me）
to
learn
maths
well.（对我来说）学好数学很难。
meaningless(adj.)没有意义的；意思不明确的，由meaning
加否定后缀-less构成，
类似词语
homeless
(无家可归的)
;careless(粗心大意的)；
helpless(无助的)；useless（无用的）；hopeless（无望的）
（1）mean
（v.）打算；意欲，及物动词，表示一个人的言论或行为、某一标志或词语的意思所指，后接名词、动名词或宾语从句。
（2）meaning（n.）意思；意义
（3）means作名词，方法、手段、工具，单复数同形
famous
/'fe?m?s/
adj.
著名的；出名的
famous
相当于well
known，其用法如下：
be
famous
for→be
well
known
for因为……出名
be
famous
as→be
well
known
as作为……出名
eg：China
is
famous
for
the
Great
Wall.
Yao
Ming
is
famous
as
a
basketball
player.
symbol
(n.)象征；标志，后接介词
of
表示“......的象征”
后接介词for
表示“......的符号”
eg:
The
national
flag
is
the
symbol
of
the
country.
On
maps,a
cross
is
the
symbol
for
a
church.
(4).with
表示手段或方法，“以.....,用......”
eg:The
boy
likes
to
eat
with
a
spoon.
(5).with
表示随身携带
eg:
Please
take
an
umbrella
with
you.
(6).with
表示“某物具有某种性质或状态”
eg:He
has
a
coat
with
four
pockets.
(7).with表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质，“具有，...料/馅的”
eg:
He
doesn't
like
tea
with
sugar.
(8).with
表示“关于，对于”
eg:They
are
friendly
with
us.
(9).with
表示伴随状态，“with+名词+介词短语”在句中作伴随状语，强调主语的状态。
eg:
The
teacher
came
in
with
a
book
under
his
arm.
(1).with
表示“和......在一起”，谓语动词与with前的主语保持一致
eg:He
with
his
parents
is
going
to
Shanghai
next
week.
(2).with
指人随身“长着、戴着、带着......、有......的”，表示人的某
种特征。
eg:Peter
is
an
Englih
boy
with
short
curly
brown
hair.
(3).with表示“带有、有着”
eg:
China
is
a
country
with
a
long
history.
come
out
意为“出版；发行”
eg:
The
sun
is
coming
out.
Some
flowers
begin
to
come
out.
The
truth
has
come
out
at
last.
become
“变得；成为”，表示由一种状态向另一种状态的转变，强调状态的转变，
后接名词或形容词。
Our
country
is
becoming
stronger
and
stronger.
He
became
an
English
teacher.
get
作连系动词时“变得；变成”，相当于become，后接形容词作表语，表示“逐渐变得”的结果
It's
getting
colder
and
colder.
grow
表示渐渐变成新的状态，“渐渐地变为”，后接形容词或动词不定式。Mr.
Zhang
is
growing
thinner.
go
表变化一般指进入不好的状态。
The
bread
goes
bad.
turn
“转变”
,表示成为和以前完全不同的状态。
The
leaves
turn
yellow.
rich
(adj.)富有的，反义词
poor.
be
rich
in
“盛产......”
This
country
is
rich
in
oil.
1.
successful
/
s?k'sesfl/
adj.
获得成功的，有成就的
be
successful
in
在......方面成功。
eg:He
is
successful
in
math.
2.
success名词，意为“成功”(Uc);“成功的人或物”（C）
eg：I
wish
you
success
in
studies.我祝你学业成功。
Failure
is
the
mother
of
success.失败是成功之母（谚语）
3.succeed
(v.)成功
succeed
in
(doing)
sth.成功地做某事，相当于
be
successful
in
(doing)
sth.和
have
success
in
(doing)
sth.
eg:He
succeeded
in
solving
the
problem.
=He
was
successful
in
solving
the
problem.
=He
had
successs
in
solving
the
problem.
in
the
1930s
在20世纪30年代
表示“在……世纪……年代”要用“in
the+年份+s/’s”结构。
eg:
in
the
1970s/1970’s
在20世纪70年代
might/
ma?t
/
modal
v.可能；可以是may的过去式，表示推测或许可，语气较弱。
eg:
The
younger
people
might
not
like
the
book.
年轻一些的人可能不喜欢这本书。（表示推测）
He
said
that
I
might
borrow
his
book.
他说我可以借他的书。（表示许可）
reason
/
'ri?zn/
n.原因；理由
reason的常用搭配：
（1）a/the
reason
for
(doing)
sth.（做）某事的原因
eg:
What
is
the
reason
for
your
long
silence?
什么原因使你沉默良久?
I
have
no
reason
for
doing
it.
我没有理由做那件事。
（2）the
reason
why...……的原因
eg:
I
don’t
know
the
reason
why
he
is
so
crazy
about
Glory
of
Kings.
我不知道他如此迷恋《王者荣耀》的原因。
在英语中，reason和because不应在一个句子中同时出现。
be
always
ready
to
do
sth.，
表示“总是愿意做某事；随时随地可以从事某事”。
eg：Don’t
worry
I’m
always
ready
to
help
you.
Just
ask.
OK？
别担心，我随时可以帮你的。只要说一声，好吧？
be
ready
to
do
sth.有两种含义，一种是“乐意做某事”，另一种是“准备去做某事”，后者相当于get
ready
to
do
sth.。
eg：The
students
are
ready
to
climb
the
hill.
＝The
students
are
getting
ready
to
climb
the
hill.
学生们正准备去爬山。
be/get
ready
for
sth.
/doing
sth.
意为“为某事/做某事做好准备”。
eg：I'm
（getting）
ready
for
my
math
test.我在准备我的数学测试。
try
one's
best
to
do
sth.意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，
相当于do
one's
best
to
do
sth.。
eg：Don't
give
up.
Just
try
your
best.
1.此句中more...than...是“比......更......”
eg:
She
is
more
beautiful
than
me.
2.more
than
“超过；多于”=over
eg:
There
are
more
than
30
students
in
the
classroom.
3.more...than...与其说......不如说......,than
后接名词或代词。
eg:
The
book
seems
to
be
more
a
grammar
than
a
dictionary.
看来这本书与其说是本字典，倒不如说是本语法书。
4.more
than
one
不止一个，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数
eg:
More
than
one
answer
is
to
your
question.
5.
no
more
than
仅仅，只不过
eg:
Three
thousand
dollars
is
no
more
than
a
portion.
3000美元只不过是一部分。
dress
up
装扮，乔装打扮
dress
up常与as/like连用，后接表
示“人”的词，意为“打扮成……”。
eg：The
boy
dressed
up
as/like
a
king.男孩装扮成一位国王。
（1）dress
up
in＋衣服
eg：The
girl
likes
to
dress
up
in
her
sister's
clothes.
这小女孩喜欢穿她姐姐的衣服。
（2）be
dressed
in＋衣服
穿着……
eg：He
was
dressed
in
a
black
sweater.他穿着一件黑毛衣。
take
one's
place
代替
take
one's
place
短语有两个意思
（1）“就座”相当于take
one's
seat。
eg：He
takes
his
place.＝He
takes
his
seat.他就座/坐下。
（2）“代替”，相当于take
the
place
of
sb.。
eg：He
takes
my
place.＝He
takes
the
place
of
me.
他取代/代替了我。
take
one’s
place
可以与instead
of
进行转换。
eg:
He
takes
my
place
to
go
there.=
He
goes
there
instead
of
me.
他替我去了那里。
谢谢
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人教版（Go
for
it）八上
U5
Do
you
want
to
watch
a
game
show知识点讲解
P33
1a
What
do
you
think
of...?
What
do/does＋sb.＋think
of
...？
意为“某人认为……怎么样？”，用来问对方对某人或某物的观点或看法，=How
do
/
does
sb.
like
...？
eg：—What
do
you
think
of
（How
do
you
like）Chinese
food?你认为中国菜怎么样？
—Very
delicious.
I
like
it
so
much.很可口。我非常喜欢它。询问对方的意见或看法的回答，通常用：think
of
当“考虑，
对……有某种看法”
讲时可以和think
about互换。eg：Don't
think
of/about
me
any
more.不要再考虑我。
They're
thinking
about/of
buying
a
new
car.think
of
还可意为“认为，想起”等。后跟名词、代词、动名词等。eg：She
will
smile
when
she
thinks
of
her
good
friends.
I
don’t
mind
them.
mind
(v.)介意；在乎。后接名词、代词或动名词，不接不定式，一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。eg:
We
don’t
mind
giving
them
a
hand.
我们不介意帮助他们。对Would
you
mind
(my)
doing
sth.?句型进行回答时，表示“不介意”，习惯用：Not
at
all./Certainly
not./Of
course
not.等;表示“介意”时，习惯用：I’m
sorry,
but…/Please
don’t...等。mind作名词，意为“大脑；精神”。eg:
Wu
Yishu
has
a
good
mind.
武亦姝有聪明的头脑。
Doing
sports
is
good
for
your
mind
and
body.
news
news
/
nju?z/
n.
新闻节目；新闻news为不可数名词，如：a
lot
of
news
=
much
news
=
lots
of
news
“大量的新闻”，a
piece
of
news“一条新闻”。eg:
No
news
is
good
news.
没有消息就是好消息。news虽然以s结尾，但不是名词复数形式，newspaper报纸，却是可数名词。比如：some
newspapers一些报纸
can’t
stand
stand
/
st?nd
/v.
忍受；站立；起立
stand
作动词，意为“起立”。eg：Stand
up，please.请起立。stand作动词，还有“忍受”的意思，用法stand
sth./sb.（代词宾格）或stand
doing
sth.常用于否定句和疑问句，与can连用。can't
stand意为“无法忍受”，can't
stand（sb.）doing
sth.
意为“无法忍受（某人）做某事”。eg：To
get
along
with
others，
you
must
learn
to
stand.
要与他人和睦相处，你必须学会容忍。
—I
can't
stand
playing
computer
games
for
a
long
time.
—Me，either.
P34
2b
plan
to
plan
to
do
sth.计划/打算做某事make
a
plan
for
为......制定计划make
a
plan
to
do
sth.
制定计划去做某事
P33
2c
hope
hope
/
h??p
/
v.
&
n.希望
hope可作名词，常用短语有：new
hope
新希望
Project
Hope
希望工程hope作动词时，其用法为
go
on
go
on
发生与happen同义，常用于进行时态。eg：What's
going
on
here？这儿发生了什么事？go
on的其他常见用法（1）（指情况，形势）持续；继续下去
eg：The
noise
goes
on
24
hours
a
day.
噪音一天24个小时没有消停过。（2）（指时间
）过去；流逝
eg：As
time
went
on，the
young
man
became
more
and
more
successful.随着时间的推移，那位年轻人变得越来越成功。（3）继续说（用于短暂停顿之后）
eg：He
hesitated
for
a
moment
and
then
went
on.
他犹豫了一会儿，然后继续往下说。
P34
2d
discussion
discussion
/
d?'sk??n
/
n.讨论，商量have
a
discussion
about/on
sth.就某事展开讨论have
a
discussion
with
sb.和某人讨论eg:
They
had
a
discussion
about
where
to
spend
their
holidays.
他们讨论过到什么地方度假。
discussion的动词是discuss，其用法为
discuss
sth.；
discuss
sth.
with
sb.；
discuss
+从句。It
sounds
like
a
good
plan,
but
you
should
discuss
it
with
your
parents
first.
follow
follow
/
'f?l??
/
v.
跟随，追随follow
sb./sth.
“跟随某人/某物”。eg：Follow
me.
I'll
show
you
the
way.跟我走。我来给你带路。follow还有“遵循；理解；领会”等意思。eg：You
are
speaking
too
fast
and
we
can’t
follow
you.
你讲得太快，我们不太懂你的意思follower
n.追随者
following
adj.下列的，接着的
P34
2d
happen
happen
/
'h?p?n
/v.
发生，出现happen
，表示“发生”，一般指偶然发生，主语为事，不能为人。（1）sth.
happens/ed
to
sb.某人发生了什么事（常指不好的事）eg:
A
traffic
accident
happened
to
his
elder
brother
yesterday.
昨天他哥哥遭遇了一次交通事故。（2）sth.
happens/ed+地点/时间，“某地/某时发生了某事”eg:
An
accident
happened
on
Park
Street.
事故发生在公园街。happen
v.碰巧，常用于sb.
happened
to
do
sth.某人碰巧做某事。eg：I
happened
to
read
the
story,
so
I
can
tell
them
the
truth.
碰巧我读过那个故事，所以我能告诉他们事实真相。The
Olympic
Games
take
place
every
four
years.两者都是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。都为不及物动词，都不可用于被动语态。
expect
expect
/
?k'spekt
/
v.预料；期待eg:
I’m
expecting
a
telephone
call
from
her.
我正在等她的电话。
She
expects
to
go
there
next
week.
她期望下周去那里。
He
expected
her
to
go
with
him.
他期望她同他一起去。
I
expect
that
he’ll
come
back
tomorrow.
我期望他明天就回来。
learn
from
sb.one
day
learn
from
sb.向某人学习one
day
“有一天”
通常用于过去时或将来时的句子，表示“（过去的）某一天；有一天;(将来）总有一天”eg:
We
have
lost
100
times,but
one
day
we
shall
win.
One
day,he
asked
an
artist
to
draw
him
a
beautiful
horse.some
day“有一天，有朝一日”，只用于将来时，不用于过去时。eg:
We
will
meet
again
some
day/one
day.the
other
day“不久前的一天；前几天；几天前”只指过去，不指将来eg:
I
had
a
long
conversation
with
her
the
other
day.the
next
day指以过去或将来的某一时间为基点说“第二天；次日”，既可用于将来时，也可以用于过去时。eg:
He
came
back
again
the
next
morning.
He'll
get
there
on
Sunday,and
leave
the
next
day.
P35
grammar
joke
joke(n.)
笑话；玩笑（可数名词）tell
a
joke
讲笑话
have
a
joke
with
sb.
和某人开玩笑play
a
joke
on
sb.
开某人的玩笑joke
(v.)
开玩笑eg:
He
often
jokes
with
me.他经常和我开玩笑。
P35
grammar
动词不定式
动词不定式由“to
＋
动词原形”构成，有时可以省略to。动词不定式在句中可作宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语等。动词不定式在句子中不作谓语，所以没有人称、数和时态的变化，其否定式是在to前加上not。具体用法见下表:只能接不定式作宾语的动词：同意提出做计划，要求答应来帮忙。准备决定遭拒绝，敢于选择有希望。不能做到莫假装。设法学会强强强agree
(同意);
offer
(提出);
plan
(计划);
ask
(要求);
promise
(答应);
help
(帮忙);
prepare
(准备);
decide
(决定);
refuse
(拒绝);
dare
(敢于);
choose
(选择);
wish,
hope,
want,
expect
(希望，想要);
fail
(不能;
忘记);
pretend
(假装);
manage
(设法);
learn
(学会)不定式的否定形式，应在不定式前直接加not。如：ask
sb.
not
to
do；
tell
sb.
not
to
do；let
sb.
not
do等。
P36
1a
meaningless
meaningless(adj.)没有意义的；意思不明确的，由meaning
加否定后缀-less构成，类似词语homeless
(无家可归的)
;careless(粗心大意的)；helpless(无助的)；useless（无用的）；hopeless（无望的）（1）mean
（v.）打算；意欲，及物动词，表示一个人的言论或行为、某一标志或词语的意思所指，后接名词、动名词或宾语从句。（2）meaning（n.）意思；意义（3）means作名词，方法、手段、工具，单复数同形
P37
2b
famous
famous
/'fe?m?s/
adj.
著名的；出名的famous
相当于well
known，其用法如下：be
famous
for→be
well
known
for因为……出名be
famous
as→be
well
known
as作为……出名eg：China
is
famous
for
the
Great
Wall.
Yao
Ming
is
famous
as
a
basketball
player.
symbol
symbol
(n.)象征；标志，后接介词
of
表示“......的象征”
后接介词for
表示“......的符号”eg:
The
national
flag
is
the
symbol
of
the
country.
On
maps,a
cross
is
the
symbol
for
a
church.
with
(1).with
表示“和......在一起”，谓语动词与with前的主语保持一致eg:He
with
his
parents
is
going
to
Shanghai
next
week.(2).with
指人随身“长着、戴着、带着...、有...的”，表示人的某种特征。eg:Peter
is
an
Englih
boy
with
short
curly
brown
hair.(3).with表示“带有、有着”eg:
China
is
a
country
with
a
long
history.(4).with
表示手段或方法，“以.....,用......”eg:The
boy
likes
to
eat
with
a
spoon.(5).with
表示随身携带eg:
Please
take
an
umbrella
with
you.(6).with
表示“某物具有某种性质或状态”eg:He
has
a
coat
with
four
pockets.(7).with表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质，“具有，...料/馅的”eg:
He
doesn't
like
tea
with
sugar.(8).with
表示“关于，对于”eg:They
are
friendly
with
us.(9).with
表示伴随状态，“with+名词+介词短语”在句中作伴随状语，强调主语的状态。eg:
The
teacher
came
in
with
a
book
under
his
arm.
come
out
come
out
意为“出版；发行”
P37
2b
become
become
“变得；成为”，表示由一种状态向另一种状态的转变，强调状态的转变，
后接名词或形容词。Our
country
is
becoming
stronger
and
stronger.He
became
an
English
teacher.get
作连系动词时“变得；变成”，相当于become，后接形容词作表语，表示“逐渐变得”的结果It's
getting
colder
and
colder.grow
表示渐渐变成新的状态，“渐渐地变为”，后接形容词或动词不定式。Mr.
Zhang
is
growing
thinner.go
表变化一般指进入不好的状态。
The
bread
goes
bad.turn
“转变”
,表示成为和以前完全不同的状态。The
leaves
turn
yellow.
rich
rich
(adj.)富有的，反义词
poor.be
rich
in
“盛产......”
This
country
is
rich
in
oil
successful
1.
successful
/
s?k'sesfl/
adj.
获得成功的，有成就的be
successful
in
在......方面成功。eg:He
is
successful
in
math.2.
success名词，意为“成功”(Uc);“成功的人或物”（C）eg：I
wish
you
success
in
studies.我祝你学业成功。
Failure
is
the
mother
of
success.失败是成功之母（谚语）3.succeed
(v.)成功
succeed
in
(doing)
sth.成功地做某事，相当于be
successful
in
(doing)
sth.和
have
success
in
(doing)
sth.eg:He
succeeded
in
solving
the
problem.
=He
was
successful
in
solving
the
problem.
=He
had
successs
in
solving
the
problem.
In
the
1930s
in
the
1930s
在20世纪30年代表示“在……世纪……年代”要用“in
the+年份+s/’s”结构。eg:
in
the
1970s/1970’s
在20世纪70年代
might
might/
ma?t
/
modal
v.可能；可以是may的过去式，表示推测或许可，语气较弱。eg:
The
younger
people
might
not
like
the
book.
年轻一些的人可能不喜欢这本书。（表示推测）
He
said
that
I
might
borrow
his
book.
他说我可以借他的书。（表示许可）
reason
reason
/
'ri?zn/
n.原因；理由reason的常用搭配：（1）a/the
reason
for
(doing)
sth.（做）某事的原因eg:
What
is
the
reason
for
your
long
silence?
什么原因使你沉默良久?
I
have
no
reason
for
doing
it.
我没有理由做那件事。（2）the
reason
why...……的原因eg:
I
don’t
know
the
reason
why
he
is
so
crazy
about
Glory
of
Kings.
在英语中，reason和because不应在一个句子中同时出现。
P37
2b
be
always
ready
to
do
sth.
be
always
ready
to
do
sth.，表示“总是愿意做某事；随时随地可以从事某事”。eg：Don’t
worry
I’m
always
ready
to
help
you.
Just
ask.
OK？
别担心，我随时可以帮你的。只要说一声，好吧？be
ready
to
do
sth.有两种含义，一种是“乐意做某事”，另一种是“准备去做某事”，后者相当于get
ready
to
do
sth.。eg：The
students
are
ready
to
climb
the
hill.
＝The
students
are
getting
ready
to
climb
the
hill.
学生们正准备去爬山。be/get
ready
for
sth.
/doing
sth.
意为“为某事/做某事做好准备”。
eg：I'm
（getting）
ready
for
my
math
test.我在准备我的数学测试。
try
one's
best
to
do
sth.
try
one's
best
to
do
sth.意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，相当于do
one's
best
to
do
sth.。eg：Don't
give
up.
Just
try
your
best.
more
than
1.此句中more...than...是“比......更......”eg:
She
is
more
beautiful
than
me.2.more
than
“超过；多于”=overeg:
There
are
more
than
30
students
in
the
classroom.3.more...than...与其说......不如说......,than
后接名词或代词。eg:
The
book
seems
to
be
more
a
grammar
than
a
dictionary.
看来这本书与其说是本字典，倒不如说是本语法书。4.more
than
one
不止一个，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数eg:
More
than
one
answer
is
to
your
question.5.
no
more
than
仅仅，只不过eg:
Three
thousand
dollars
is
no
more
than
a
portion.
3000美元只不过是一部分。
P39
3a
dress
up
dress
up
装扮，乔装打扮dress
up常与as/like连用，后接表
示“人”的词，意为“打扮成……”。eg：The
boy
dressed
up
as/like
a
king.男孩装扮成一位国王。（1）dress
up
in＋衣服eg：The
girl
likes
to
dress
up
in
her
sister's
clothes.
这小女孩喜欢穿她姐姐的衣服。（2）be
dressed
in＋衣服
穿着……eg：He
was
dressed
in
a
black
sweater.他穿着一件黑毛衣。
take
one’s
place
take
one's
place
代替take
one's
place
短语有两个意思（1）“就座”相当于take
one's
seat。eg：He
takes
his
place.＝He
takes
his
seat.他就座/坐下。（2）“代替”，相当于take
the
place
of
sb.。eg：He
takes
my
place.＝He
takes
the
place
of
me.
他取代/代替了我。take
one’s
place
可以与instead
of
进行转换。eg:
He
takes
my
place
to
go
there.=
He
goes
there
instead
of
me.他替我去了那里。
21世纪教育网
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
