(共55张PPT)
Unit
2
English
around
the
world
主题语境:人与社会——文化
Words:
296;
Time:
7
minutes
【语篇导读】世界上讲英语的国家很多。两个来自不同国家的人虽然都讲英语,但他们讲的英语却不尽相同,甚至两人所受的文化熏陶也是截然不同的。
At
the
start
of
October,I
started
working
in
France.This
is
the
first
time
I’ve
worked
at
a
school
large
enough
to
need
not
one,but
two
English
language
assistants①.
My
hometown
is
Stirling
in
Scotland.The
other
assistant
is
from
New
Delhi
in
India.We
come
from
countries
that
are
700
miles
away
from
each
other
and
our
backgrounds
could
not
be
more
different,but
we
speak
the
same
language!?
These
first
two
weeks
have
been
very
interesting
for
both
of
us
and
our
students.For
example,I’ve
discovered
that,while
Indian
English
is
based
on
British
English,my
Indian
roommate
uses
some
American
words
like
chips
instead
of
crisps.
When
she
phones
home,she
speaks
Hinglish
—
a
mixture
of
Hindi
and
English,the
two
official
languages
in
India.?
There
are
more
than
just
differences
in
language,however!While
in
the
UK
most
young
people
leave
home
when
they
are
around
18
years
old,in
India
they
often
stay
at
home
until
they
are
married.She’s
getting
married
in
India
in
a
few
months.After
she’s
married,she’ll
live
with
her
husband
and
his
parents.
She’d
never
heard
of
the
celebration
Guy
Fawkes
Night,when
British
people
enjoy
fireworks②
to
remember
Guy
Fawkes’
failure,to
destroy
the
British
Parliament
on
5th
November
1605.I’ve
also
introduced
her
to
some
British
TV
series
such
as
Fawlty
Towers
and
Monty
Python,which
she
now
loves
as
much
as
I
do!
In
turn,she’s
taught
me
about
Indian
festivals
I’d
never
heard
of,like
Raksha
Bandhan
which
celebrates
love
and
duty
between
brothers
and
sisters.
Next,she’s
planning
to
show
me
Bollywood
films.I
did
some
Bollywood
dance
at
university,but
am
ashamed
to
admit③
that
I’ve
never
seen
a
Bollywood
film!?
词海拾贝
1.assistant[??s?st?nt]
n.助手
2.fireworks
[
?faI?w??ks]
n.烟火
3.admit[?d?mIt]v.承认
典句欣赏
1.We
come
from
countries
that
are
700
miles
away
from
each
other
and
our
backgrounds
could
not
be
more
different,but
we
speak
the
same
language!
我们来自相隔700英里的不同国家,我们的背景甚至差别更大,但是我们讲相同的语言。
2.I’ve
discovered
that,while
Indian
English
is
based
on
British
English,my
Indian
roommate
uses
some
American
words
like
chips
instead
of
crisps.
我发现,尽管印度英语是以英式英语为基础的,但是我的印度室友却用像chips这样的美式单词而不是crisps。
3.I
did
some
Bollywood
dance
at
university,but
am
ashamed
to
admit
that
I’ve
never
seen
a
Bollywood
film!
大学里我跳宝莱坞舞蹈,但是我从来没看过宝莱坞电影,这让我感觉惭愧。
理解诱思
1.What
would
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.The
background
of
English
B.The
many
faces
of
English
C.My
Indian
Roommate
D.English
language
assistants
2.When
the
author
says
“There
are
more
than
just
differences
in
language,however!”,what
does
he
mean?
答案:B
答案:The
author
wants
to
tell
us
that,besides
the
differences
in
language,there
are
differences
in
their
cultures
and
traditions.
Section
Ⅰ
Warming
Up,Pre-reading,
Reading
&
Comprehending
一
二
三
四
一、词汇新知
1.通过查阅词典,写出下列单词的派生词
(1)official
adj.
官方的;正式的;公务的n.官员;公务员;高级职员→
n.办公室→
n.军官,警官;公务员?
(2)gradual
adj.逐渐的;逐步的→
adv.
逐渐地;逐步地
?
(3)spell
vt.拼写→
n.
拼写;拼法?
(4)frequent
adj.
频繁的;常见的→
adv.常常;频繁地?
office
officer
gradually
spelling
frequently
一
二
三
四
2.选择合适的词并用其适当形式填空
latter native fluent actual base
(1)—What’s
your
opinion?
—
there’s
no
need
to
hold
a
meeting.?
(2)As
a
matter
of
fact,French
is
not
Jack’s
language.?
(3)Of
the
two,the
is
more
useful.?
(4)—Can
the
girl
make
herself
understood
in
London?
—Yes.She
can
speak
English
.?
(5)—The
new
book
by
Mo
Yan
is
loved
by
readers.
—That’s
because
he
this
book
on
his
life.?
Actually
native
latter
fluently
based
一
二
三
四
二、核心短语
1. 因为;由于?
2. 走近;提出;上来?
3.at
present ?
4.make
use
of ?
because
of
come
up
现在;目前
利用;使用
一
二
三
四
三、经典句式
1.
go
by
Underground??
为什么不乘地铁去?
2.Today,more
people
speak
English
as
their
first,second
or
a
foreign
language
.?
如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多了,他们有的是作为第一语言来说,有的是作为第二语言或外语。
3.Native
English
speakers
can
understand
each
other
they
don’t
speak
the
same
kind
of
English.?
以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所说的话不尽相同,也可以相互理解。
Why
not
than
ever
before
even
if
一
二
三
四
四、阅读导学
1.Why
should
the
students
learn
English
well?
In
my
opinion,?
答案:略
2.阅读课文“THE
ROAD
TO
MODERN
ENGLISH”,选择正确答案
(1)What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A.How
to
learn
English
well.
B.The
history
of
the
English
language.
C.The
differences
between
old
English
and
modern
English.
D.English
is
widely
used
all
over
the
world.
(2)What
was
the
English
spoken
between
AD
450
and
800
close
to?
A.French.
B.Danish.
C.German.
D.Spanish.
答案:B
答案:C
一
二
三
四
(3)How
long
did
Britain
rule
India?
A.About
100
years.
B.About
50
years.
C.About
350
years.
D.About
200
years.
(4)Who
gave
American
English
spelling
its
own
identity?
A.Shakespeare.
B.George
Washington.
C.Noah
Webster.
D.An
English
king.
(5)Which
country
may
have
the
largest
number
of
English
learners
in
the
world?
A.China.
B.Australia.
C.India.
D.Britain.
答案:D
答案:C
答案:A
1.Do
you
know
that
there
is
more
than
one
kind
of
English?
你知道不止有一种英语吗?
词汇精析
★more
than
one不止一个
阅读下面句子,指出more
than
one的用法。
①If
things
don’t
get
better,more
than
one
person
is
going
to
have
to
find
a
new
job.
如果情况没有好转,需要另谋新工作的就不止一个人了。
用法
②Many
a
fine
soldier
died
in
that
battle.
许多优秀的士兵死于那次战役。
【合作探究】
(1)读一读·细观察
③(2019·北京)First
celebrated
in
1970,the
Day
now
includes
events
in
more
than
190
countries
and
regions(地区).
④He
is
more
than
a
good
teacher;he
is
also
our
good
friend.
⑤We
were
more
than
glad
to
hear
the
good
news.
(2)背一背·勤总结
more
than+
2.Later
in
the
next
century,people
from
England
made
voyages
to
conquer
other
parts
of
the
world
and
because
of
that,English
began
to
be
spoken
in
many
other
countries.
后来在下个世纪,英国人航海去征服世界的其他地方。正因为如此,许多其他国家的人们开始说英语。
句型剖析本句是一个由and连接的并列句。并列连词and和but等必须连接并列的成分。
①Go
to
school
early
and
you
won’t
be
late
for
school.
早点去上学,这样你就不会迟到了。
词汇精析
★voyage
n.
航海;航行
②He
had
spent
18
years
in
planning
for
that
wonderful
voyage.
为准备那次航行他花了18年时间。
【合作探究1】
(1)读一读·细观察
③I
wish
to
go
on/make
a
voyage
to
the
Indian
Ocean
one
day.
(2)背一背·勤总结
go
on/make
a
voyage
进行一次旅行
(3)看一看·助记忆
voyage
航海,航行
★because
of
因为;由于
④(2019·北京)
It’ll
be
a
while
before
we
can
statistically
show
that
the
changes
are
happening
because
of
climate
change.
要能统计的显示出这些改变发生的原因是气候变化还要一段时间才可以。
【合作探究2】
(1)想一想·善辨析
⑤He
lost
his
job
because
of
his
carelessness.
=He
lost
his
job
because
he
was
careless.
他因为粗心大意而丢掉了工作。
(2)记一记·长知识
3.Native
English
speakers
can
understand
each
other
even
if
they
don’t
speak
the
same
kind
of
English.
以英语为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,他们也可以相互理解。
句型剖析句中“even
if
they
don’t
speak
the
same
kind
of
English”是让步状语从句。even
if
相当于一个连词,引导让步状语从句,含义是“即使,尽管”,与even
though用法相同。
①Even
if
you
saw
him
pick
up
the
money,you
can’t
be
sure
he
stole
it.
就算你看见是他拾起的钱,你也不能肯定钱就是他偷的。
②(2019·浙江)Even
though
there
is
a
common
spirit
among
all
music
groups,they
make
very
different
music.
即使在所有的音乐团体之间有一个共同的理念,他们制作出来的音乐也各不相同。
【合作探究】
记一记·长知识
4.I’d
like
to
come
up
to
your
apartment.
我想到你的公寓坐坐。
词汇精析
★come
up
走近;上来;提出
①A
beggar
came
up
to
us
and
asked
for
money.
一个乞丐走过来向我们要钱。
②People
came
up
and
I
began
talking
to
them.
人们走上来,我开始与他们交谈。
③The
housing
problems
came
up
once
again.
住房问题又一次提出来了。
【合作探究】
(1)读一读·细观察
④Many
problems/plans
have
come
up
at
the
meeting.
⑤(2019·全国Ⅱ)Firstly,please
come
up
with
a
workout
schedule
and
stick
to
it
so
that
you
can
get
in
shape
soon.
(2)想一想·善辨析
(3)记一记·长知识
come的词组归纳
5.Actually
all
languages
change
and
develop
when
cultures
meet
and
communicate
with
each
other.
事实上,当不同文化互相交流渗透时,所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。
句型剖析本句是一个复合句,其中when引导的是一个时间状语从句。
①When
I
arrived
in
Beijing,I
began
to
fall
in
love
with
the
city.
当我到达北京时,我开始爱上了这座城市。
词汇精析
★actually
adv.
实际上;事实上
②The
message
“Bridge
out”
would
actually
mean
“Meet
me.”
信息“Bridge
out”实际上的意思是“Meet
me”。
【合作探究】
(1)读一读·细观察
③We
call
the
baby
Doc.His
actual
name
is
Daniel.
(2)记一记·长知识
6.It
was
based
more
on
German
than
the
English
we
speak
at
present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。
句型剖析
①The
Chinese
(that/which)
you
speak
is
a
little
different
from
the
Chinese
spoken
in
China.
你说的汉语和中国人所说的汉语有点不同。
词汇精析
★base
vt.
以……为依据 n.
基部;基地;基础
②He
based
the
book
on
his
own
life.
他根据他自己的生活写的这本书。
③The
lamp
has
a
heavy
base.
这台灯的底座很沉。
④After
the
attack,they
returned
to
the
air
base.
他们发动攻击后返回了空军基地。
【合作探究1】
(1)读一读·细观察
⑤The
research
group
produced
two
reports
based
on
the
survey,but
neither
contained
any
useful
suggestions.
(2)记一记·长知识
(3)想一想·善辨析
base和basis用法辨析
★at
present
现在;目前
⑥We
have
no
plans
at
present
for
closing
the
factory.
目前我们没有关闭这家工厂的计划。
⑦(2019·全国Ⅰ)At
present,these
technologies
are
still
expensive,though.
然而,目前这些技术仍然较为昂贵。
【合作探究2】
(1)读一读·细观察
⑧At
present
the
boss
is
presenting
a
small
present
to
each
person
present
at
the
meeting.
(2)背一背·勤总结
(3)记一记·长知识
7.So
by
the
1600’s
Shakespeare
was
able
to
make
use
of
a
wider
vocabulary
than
ever
before.
所以,到了17世纪,莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。
词汇精析
★make
use
of
利用;使用
①I
make
use
of
my
spare
time
to
read
books.
我利用空闲时间看书。
【合作探究】
(1)读一读·细观察
②If
you
have
a
door
to
your
office,make
good
use
of
it.
③Our
time
should
be
made
full
use
of.
④Make
the
best
use
of
every
chance
to
speak
English.
⑤(2019·全国Ⅲ)A
row
of
reflective
boards
on
a
nearby
mountainside
were
put
to
use.
⑥The
new
machine
has
come
into
use.
(2)背一背·勤总结
(3)记一记·长知识
8.For
example,India
has
a
very
large
number
of
fluent
English
speakers...
例如,印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人……
Today
the
number
of
people
learning
English
in
China
is
increasing
rapidly.
目前在中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。
词汇精析
★a
number
of
许多;大量 the
number
of
……的数量
①A
large
number
of
books
have
been
stolen
from
the
library.图书馆遗失了很多书。
②Judging
from
the
number
of
cars,there
were
not
many
people
at
the
club
yet.
根据汽车的数量来判断,俱乐部里没有多少人。
【合作探究】
(1)读一读·细观察
③The
number
of
people
invited
was
fifty,but
a
number
of
them
were
not
present
for
different
reasons.
(2)想一想·善辨析
the
number
of+可数名词复数,作主语时,其后谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
a
number
of+可数名词复数,作主语时,其后谓语动词用复数形式,在number前可加形容词large,small,great,good等。
④The
number
of
the
people
who
speak
Chinese
is
much
larger
than
before
because
a
growing
number
of
people
learn
to
speak
Chinese.
说汉语的人数比以前多得多,因为越来越多的人学着说汉语。
9.English
is
also
spoken
in
Singapore
and
Malaysia
and
countries
in
Africa
such
as
South
Africa.
新加坡、马来西亚和一些非洲国家例如南非等也说英语。
句型剖析本句是一个一般现在时的被动句。一般现在时的被动语态的构成为:am/is/are+过去分词。
①When
fat
and
salt
are
removed
from
food,the
food
tastes
as
if
it
is
missing
something.
如果把脂肪和盐分从食物中去除掉,这些食物尝起来就好像少了什么东西一样。
词汇精析
★such
as
例如;像这种的
②Electronic
devices
contain
valuable
metal
such
as
gold
and
silver.
电子设备包含有价值的金属,例如金和银。
【合作探究】
(1)读一读·细观察
③(2019·全国Ⅲ)I
want
my
café
to
have
a
special
theme
such
as
like
“Tang
Dynasty”.
④For
example,most
of
us
would
expect
older
drivers
always
go
slower
than
everyone
else.
(2)想一想·善辨析
一
二
一、单词拼写
1.—What
are
you
going
to
do
during
the
summer
vacation?
—I
am
going
to
take
a
(航行)
to
the
Pacific
Ocean.?
答案:voyage
2.He
looks
honest
but
(事实上)
he
often
tells
lies.?
答案:actually
3.Some
of
them
think
their
jobs
should
be
b
on
their
own
interest.?
答案:based
4.Thank
you.We
don’t
need
your
help
at
p .?
答案:present
5.—What
do
you
think
of
the
man?
—He
is
kind
and
can
speak
English
(流利地).?
答案:fluently
一
二
6.Gray
wolves
once
were
seen
here
and
there
in
the
Yellowstone
area,but
they
were
(逐渐地)
forced
out
by
human
development.?
答案:gradually
7.I
know
him,but
we
don’t
(频繁地)
see
each
other.?
答案:frequently
8.I
have
made
some
(拼写)
mistakes
in
the
composition.?
答案:spelling
9.The
(较后的)
half
of
his
life
was
spent
in
Shanghai.?
答案:latter
10.This
dictionary
is
specially
intended
for
people
whose
(本国的)
language
is
not
English.?
答案:native
一
二
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. (actual),China
has
the
largest
number
of
English
learners.?
答案:Actually
2.The
report
about
the
heavy
accident
is
(base)
on
the
fact.?
答案:based
3.We
(gradual)
get
used
to
getting
up
early
in
the
morning.?
答案:gradually
4.I
hear
that
Helen
can
speak
Chinese
(fluent).?
答案:fluently(共29张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ Learning
about
Language,Using
Language,Summing
Up
&
Learning
Tip
一
二
三
四
一、词汇新知
1.通过查阅词典,写出下列单词的派生词
(1)express
vt.表达→
n.词语;表示;表达?
(2)east
n.东方;东部→
adj.
东方的?
(3)straight
adj.直的;笔直的;正直的→
vt.使挺直→
adv.径直,直接地?
expression
eastern
straighten
straight
一
二
三
四
2.用所给单词的适当形式填空
command recognize request straight
(1)—May
I
a
favour
of
you??
—Of
course.
(2)—The
officer
the
thief
to
raise
his
hands.?
—He
caught
the
thief,didn’t
he?
(3)Though
we
hadn’t
seen
each
other
for
twenty
years,I
him
at
first
sight.?
(4)The
children
are
asked
to
sit
when
they
read.
request
commanded
recognized
straight
一
二
三
四
二、核心短语
1. 而不是?
2. 关掉(电源)?
3. (电话)别挂断,等一下?
4. 找出;查明?
5. 例如……;像这种的?
6.believe
it
or
not ?
7.from
all
over
the
world ?
8.play
a
part(in)
?
9.build
up ?
10.go
straight ?
instead
of
turn
off
hold
on
find
out
such
as
信不信由你
来自世界各地
扮演一个角色;参与
建立;增进(健康)
直走
一
二
三
四
三、经典句式
1.It
also
has
different
usage
.?
在不同的讲英语的国家,它的用法也不相同。
2.Can
you
find
from
Reading??
你能从《阅读》中找到下面这些“命令”和“要求”吗?
3.
in
the
early
days
of
radio,those
who
reported
the
news
were
expected
to
speak
excellent
English.?
这是因为在早期的收音机时代,对新闻播音员的要求是讲一口极好的英语。
in
different
English
speaking
countries
the
following
command
and
request
This
is
because
一
二
三
四
4.However,on
TV
and
the
radio
you
will
hear
differences
.?
但是,从电视上和收音机上,你会听到不同的人有着不同的说话方式。
5.So
people
from
the
mountains
in
the
southeastern
USA
speak
with
almost
people
in
the
northwestern
USA.?
所以来自美国东南部山区的人和来自美国西北部的人说着同样的地方方言。
in
the
way
people
speak
the
same
dialect
as
一
二
三
四
四、阅读导学
阅读“STANDARD
ENGLISH
AND
DIALECTS”,选择正确答案
1.Standard
English
is
spoken
.?
A.in
Britain
B.in
the
USA
C.in
Canada
D.in
no
place
2.
is
called
a
dialect.?
A.The
native
language
B.The
language
which
is
different
from
the
“standard
language”
C.The
language
spoken
in
most
parts
of
the
country
D.The
language
spoken
by
most
people
答案:D
答案:B
一
二
三
四
3.American
English
has
so
many
dialects
because
.?
A.people
have
come
from
all
over
the
world
B.the
USA
is
made
up
of
so
many
states
C.Americans
move
from
one
place
to
another
D.the
USA
is
a
large
country
4.As
many
Americans
moved
all
over
the
country,they
.?
A.changed
their
dialects
B.took
their
dialects
with
them
C.didn’t
speak
their
dialects
D.couldn’t
understand
each
other’s
dialects
答案:A
答案:B
1.In
English
you
use
a
command
or
a
request
when
you
want
someone
to
do
something.
在英语中,当你想让某人做某事时,你可以使用命令或请求。
词汇精析
★command
n.命令;指令;掌握 vt.&
vi.命令;指挥;支配
①We
are
asked
to
obey
Jack’s
command.
我们被要求执行杰克的命令。
②Besides,I
have
such
a
good
command
of
English
that
I
am
elected
as
assistant
to
my
English
teacher.
此外,我精通英语,被选作英语老师的助手。
③The
general
commanded
the
soldiers
to
fire.
将军命令士兵们开火。
【合作探究1】
(1)读一读·细观察
④I
commanded
that
you
(should)
go
to
the
front
immediately.
⑤They
are
commanded
to
open
the
door.
⑥The
captain
gave
the
command
to
shoot.
(2)背一背·勤总结
(3)记一记·长知识
★request
n.&
vt.
请求;要求
⑦(2019·全国Ⅱ)This
was
an
actual
reply
from
a
parent
after
I
put
out
a
request
for
volunteers
for
my
kids’
lacrosse(长曲棍球)
club.
在我张贴出我孩子们的长曲棍球俱乐部需要志愿者的需求广告后,一位家长真实地如此回复了我。
⑧(2018·江苏)She
had
requested
the
community
to
turn
it
into
a
museum
upon
her
death.
她要求社区在她死后把它变成一个博物馆。
【合作探究2】
(1)读一读·细观察
⑨They
requested
that
ten
doctors
(should)
be
sent
there.
⑩They
requested
us
to
reread
the
notice.
He
was
there
at
his
manager’s
request.
The
poor
woman
made
a
request
for
some
food.
(2)背一背·勤总结
2.Believe
it
or
not,there
is
no
such
thing
as
standard
English.
信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
句型剖析There
is
no
such
thing意为“没有这样的事”。该结构中such与其后的名词之间不能加冠词,但可加形容词。
①There
is
no
such
good
thing
as
a
free
lunch.
世上没有免费午餐这样的好事。
词汇精析
★believe
it
or
not
信不信由你(常用作插入语)
②It’s
so
nice
to
hear
from
her
again.Believe
it
or
not,we
last
met
more
than
thirty
years
ago.
再次收到她的来信真好。信不信由你,我们上一次见面是在三十多年前。
③He
is
a
cheat,believe
it
or
not.
信不信由你,他是个骗子。
【合作探究】
记一记·长知识
3.When
people
use
words
and
expressions
different
from
the
“standard
language”,it
is
called
a
dialect.
当人们使用不同于“标准语言”的词语时,那就叫方言。
词汇精析
★expression
n.词语;表达;表示;表情
①What
does
the
underlined
expression
“take
on”
in
Paragraph
3
mean?
第三段中的画线词组“take
on”的意思是什么?
②“Shut
up”
is
not
a
polite
expression.
“闭嘴”不是礼貌用语。
③There
was
a
puzzled
expression
on
her
face.
她脸上流露出一种迷惑不解的表情。
【合作探究】
(1)读一读·细观察
④I
can’t
express
how
I
love
this
place
because
its
beauty
is
really
beyond
expression.
⑤Learning
to
express
oneself
well
is
an
important
part
of
education.
⑥Please
send
the
goods
by
express.
(2)背一背·勤总结
4.Geography
also
plays
a
part
in
making
dialects.
在方言产生的问题上地域也发挥了一定的作用。
词汇精析
★play
a
part
(in)
扮演一个角色;参与;在……中起作用
①Computers
play
an
important
part
in
our
daily
life.
电脑在我们日常生活中起着很重要的作用。
【合作探究】
(1)读一读·细观察
②We
should
take
an
active
part
in
the
activities.
(2)记一记·长知识
③Do
you
know
who
will
play
the
role
of
Song
Jiang
in
the
new
film?
你知道在这部新电影中谁将扮演宋江这一角色吗?
5.Although
many
Americans
move
a
lot,they
still
recognize
and
understand
each
other’s
dialects.
虽然许多美国人经常迁居,但是他们仍然能辨别和理解彼此的方言。
句型剖析当状语从句用although或though
时,不能再与but连用,但可与still
或yet连用。
词汇精析
★recognize
vt.
辨认出;承认;公认
①He
has
changed
so
much
that
I
can
hardly
recognize
him.
他变化那么大,我几乎认不出他了。
②UNESCO
set
April
30
as
International
Jazz
Day
to
recognize
the
value
of
jazz.
联合国教科文组织把4月30日定为国际爵士乐日是对爵士乐价值的认可。
③(2019·江苏)China’s
image
is
improving
steadily,with
more
countries
recognizing
its
role
in
international
affairs.
中国的形象在稳步提升,越来越多的国家承认中国在国际事务中的作用。
【合作探究】
(1)读一读·细观察
④I
recognize
him
to
be
cleverer
than
I
am.
⑤He
was
recognized
as
one
of
the
best
students
in
his
class.
⑥It
is
recognized
that
environmental
pollution
has
become
one
of
the
most
serious
problems.
⑦He
has
won
wide
recognition
in
the
field
of
tropical
medicine.
(2)背一背·勤总结
一
二
一、完成句子
1.他们请求我们立即去参观长城。
They
that
we
to
visit
the
Great
Wall
at
once.?
答案:requested;should
go
2.汉语在世界上发挥着重要的作用。
Chinese
is
in
the
world.?
答案:playing
an
important
part/role
一
二
3.我的朋友被认为是我们学校最优秀的学生。
My
friend
the
best
student
in
our
school.?
答案:is
recognized
as
4.乌云很快遮住了太阳。
Soon
black
clouds
the
sun.?
答案:blocked
up
5.信不信由你,他们不是英国人。
,they
are
not
British.?
答案:Believe
it
or
not
一
二
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.He
requested
that
I
(set)off
for
Beijing
with
him.?
答案:(should)
set
2.What
is
the
language
(speak)in
that
country??
答案:spoken
3.She
commanded
that
the
prisoners
(set)
free.?
答案:(should)
be
set
4.The
old
man
is
said
to
have
travelled
to
some
(Africa)
countries.?
答案:African
5.As
you
know,China
is
an
(east)
country.?
答案:eastern(共12张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ Grammar
一
二
一、翻译下列祈使句
1.请打开窗子。
2.去买些蔬菜。
3.改正你家庭作业里的错误。
4.请看黑板上的例子。
5.现在就做这项工作。
答案:Please
open
the
windows.
答案:Go
and
buy
some
vegetables.
答案:Correct
the
mistakes
in
your
homework.
答案:Please
look
at
the
examples
on
the
blackboard.
答案:Do
the
work
now.
一
二
二、用动词ask/tell/order的适当形式填空
1.He
said
to
me,“Open
the
window,please.”
He
me
to
open
the
window.?
2.Jack
said
to
his
wife,“Look
at
the
picture.”
Jack
his
wife
to
look
at
the
picture.?
3.The
general
said
to
the
soldiers,“Stand
up!”
The
general
?the
soldiers
to
stand
up.?
4.She
said
to
the
boy,“Come
to
my
office
after
class.”
She
the
boy
to
go
to
her
office
after
class.?
asked
told
ordered
told
直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ)
语法图示
1.肯定的祈使句变为间接引语时,须将祈使句的谓语动词变成不定式,作宾语补足语;直接引语中的动词say改为ask,tell,order,command,warn或advise等。
①“Please
sit
down
and
have
a
rest,”
she
said
to
us.
她对我们说:“请坐下来休息一下。”
→She
asked
us
to
sit
down
and
have
a
rest.
她让我们坐下来休息一下。
2.如果直接引语是祈使句的否定形式,变为间接引语时,要将其改为不定式的否定形式,结构为ask/tell/order...sb.not
to
do
sth.。若直接引语中的祈使句带有please,那么在变为间接引语后要把please去掉。
②“Don’t
let
out
my
secret,please,”I
said
to
Mary.
我对玛丽说:“请别泄露我的秘密。”
→I
asked
Mary
not
to
let
out
my
secret.?
我要求玛丽不要泄露我的秘密。
3.一般而言,祈使句是以动词原形开头的,但是如果说话人有意强调动作的执行者,也可以在句首加上主语。在将其变为间接引语时,不能将带有主语的祈使句与陈述句混淆起来。
③“You
go
to
the
office
after
class,Tom,”said
the
teacher.
老师说:“汤姆,下课后到办公室来。”
→The
teacher
told
Tom
to
go
to
the
office
after
class.
老师告诉汤姆下课后到办公室去。
4.直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+v.-ing(或从句)”。
④He
said
to
us,“Let’s
go
to
the
museum.”
他对我们说:“我们去博物馆吧。”
→He
suggested
going
to
the
museum./He
suggested
that
we
should
go
to
the
museum.
他建议我们去博物馆。
在let祈使句中,let若表示“允许、同意”,变间接引语时,可按一般祈使句变间接引语的规律进行。
⑤“Let
her
come
with
me,Mother.I’ll
take
good
care
of
her,”
said
Tom.
汤姆说:“妈妈,让她和我一起来吧,我会好好照顾她的。”
→Tom
asked
his
mother
to
let
her
go
with
him
and
he
would
take
good
care
of
her.
汤姆请求妈妈让她和他一块去并且会好好照顾她。
5.Let
him/them...表示“建议”时,其间接引语应用suggest+v.-ing复合结构或suggest+宾语从句(从句谓语用should+动词原形)。
⑥Mother
said,“Let
him
go
to
school.”
妈妈说:“让他去上学吧。”
→Mother
suggested
him
going
to
school.?
=Mother
suggested
that
he
(should)
go
to
school.
妈妈建议他应该去上学。
将下列直接引语变为间接引语
1.Father
said
to
me,“Come
back
before
9:00.”
→Father
me
back
before
9:00.?
答案:told;to
go
2.The
hostess
said
to
us,“Please
sit
down.”
→The
hostess
us
down.?
答案:asked;to
sit
3.He
said,“
Don’t
make
so
much
noise,boys.”
→He
the
boys
make
so
much
noise.?
答案:told;not
to
4.She
said,“Please
don’t
talk
about
it
any
more,Jim.”
→She
Jim
about
it
any
more.?
答案:asked;not
to
talk
5.“Fire!”the
commander
said
to
her.
→The
commander
her
.?
答案:ordered;to
fire(共10张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ Writing
如何进行概要写作
[题型剖析]
概要写作提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要,考查学生准确获取关键词并对文章大意进行概括的能力,同时考查学生用简洁的语言转述文章重要信息的能力。考生要在正确理解短文的基础上,用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。因此,该题型是对阅读理解能力和书面表达能力的综合考查。
短文选材以说明文和议论文为主,文章结构比较明晰,通常包含4个左右的要点。考生要客观准确归纳要点,不照搬原文句子,要点之间要恰当衔接,全文内容要连贯,过渡要自然。
[写作步骤]
一、细读短文,明确篇章结构,确定要点数量。
做概要写作首先要仔细阅读短文。阅读的目的是确定文章的体裁和主题,明确篇章结构。根据意义划分段落,段落的数量对应的是要点的数量。
二、处理文章,抓住主题句,删除细节信息。
明确全文结构之后,就要对文章内容进行处理。处理的目的是删除次要内容,保留主要内容。文中描述性的语言、细节和列举的示例都属于要删除的内容。剩余的主要部分要仔细研读,与主题相关的关键词句要重点标注出来,这些词句就是最后归纳转述的要点。
三、逐段进行归纳,提取关键信息,准确转述要点。
删除了短文中的细节、例证等细枝末节后,每段的主要内容已经明确,然后要用自己的语言准确地表述各段的要点。为避免和原文的句子重复,可使用同义转述的形式,也可以用句子重构的方式来完成要点归纳。归纳时要分清主次,各要点的词数应根据文中对应的内容来定。同时,要选用适当的关联词来进行衔接,保证上下文连贯。
四、检查要点,修改错误,确定终稿。
初稿完成后,要检查要点是否齐全,各要点是否表述准确,检查是否有语法错误、拼写错误和标点符号错误等,还要检查词数是否符合要求。
阅读下面的短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Eating
different
healthy
foods
gives
you
energy
to
do
your
job,helps
you
grow
the
way
you
should,and
can
even
keep
you
from
getting
sick.However,if
you
choose
the
wrong
kind
of
food,you
might
run
out
of
energy
before
the
day
is
over.
Most
kids
have
the
choice
of
packing
lunch
or
buying
one
at
school.The
good
news
is
that
a
kid
can
get
a
healthy
lunch
by
doing
either
one.But
it’s
not
guaranteed(保证).Chances
are
that
some
meals
and
foods
served
in
the
school
cafeteria(自助食堂)
are
healthier
than
others.When
you
buy
your
lunch,you’d
better
give
the
cafeteria
menu
a
closer
look.Read
the
cafeteria
menu
the
night
before.Knowing
what’s
for
lunch
beforehand
will
let
you
know
if
you
want
to
eat
it!
A
packed
lunch
isn’t
always
healthier
than
one
you
buy
at
school.If
you
pack
chocolate
cake
and
potato
chips,that’s
not
a
nutritious(有营养的)
meal!But
a
packed
lunch,if
you
do
it
right,does
have
a
clear
advantage.When
you
pack
your
lunch,you
can
be
sure
it
includes
your
favorite
healthy
foods.It
is
not
a
one-size-fits-all
lunch.It’s
a
lunch
just
for
you.If
your
favorite
sandwich
is
peanut
butter
and
banana,just
make
it
and
pack
it—then
you
can
eat
it
for
lunch.Or
maybe
you
love
olives.Go
ahead
and
pack
them!
If
you
want
to
pack
your
lunch,you’ll
need
some
help
from
your
parents.Talk
to
them
about
what
you
like
to
eat
in
your
lunch
so
they
can
buy
those
foods.Parents
might
offer
to
pack
your
lunch
for
you.This
is
nice
of
them,but
you
may
want
to
watch
how
they
do
it
and
ask
if
you
can
start
making
your
lunches
yourself.It’s
a
way
to
show
that
you’re
growing
up.
[思路剖析]
1.判断体裁,分析结构。本文属于议论文,作者就学生自带午餐还是在学校餐厅吃饭发表自己的看法。第一段作者主要强调健康食品的重要性;第二段说学生有两种选择:可以自带午餐,也可以在学校餐厅吃饭。如果在学校餐厅吃饭,前一天晚上应该看一下学校餐厅的食谱中是否有自己喜欢吃的健康食品;第三段说如果带午餐,要带自己喜欢吃的食物;第四段说,告诉父母你想吃什么,让他们为你准备。当然最好自己打包。
2.细读段落,列出要点。健康食品的重要性:healthy
foods
give
you
energy
and
keep
you
from
getting
sick;在学校餐厅就餐:give
the
cafeteria
menu
a
closer
look;know
if
you
want
to
eat
it;自带午餐:have
a
clear
advantage;talk
to
them
about
what
you
like;include
your
favorite
healthy
foods;start
making
your
lunches
yourself。
3.确定主题,整合信息。在学校餐厅就餐和自带午餐各有特点,各有好处。餐厅的饭并非都符合自己的胃口,因此要提前看一下菜单;自带午餐并非都比学校的午餐健康,要带自己喜欢吃的健康食品。要学着自己准备午餐。
4.理清思路,准确表述。本文的主题为健康饮食。先概述在学校餐厅就餐的情况,再写如何自带午餐的情况,最后写一下自备午餐:或父母准备,或自己动手。注意要用不同的词汇和句式进行转述。
[框架填空]
Healthy
food
(1) (很重要).As
school
kids,you
can
choose
(2) (在学校就餐或者自带午餐).Meals
served
in
the
school
cafeteria
(3)(并非总是健康),so
you’d
better
(4) (先看菜单)to
know
whether
you
like
them.If
you
want
to
have
a
packed
lunch,make
sure
(5) (包括你最喜欢的健康食物).Your
parents
may
pack
your
lunch.However,it
would
be
better
(6)________ (自己打包).?
答案:(1)is
of
great
importance
(2)to
eat
at
school
or
pack
your
lunch
(3)are
not
always
healthy
(4)read
the
menu
first
(5)your
favorite
healthy
food
is
included
(6)if
you
pack
it
yourself
参考范文
Healthy
food
is
of
great
importance.(要点1)
As
school
kids,you
can
choose
to
eat
at
school
or
pack
your
lunch.(要点2)Meals
served
in
the
school
cafeteria
are
not
always
healthy,so
you’d
better
read
the
menu
first
to
know
whether
you
like
them.(要点3)If
you
want
to
have
a
packed
lunch,make
sure
your
favorite
healthy
food
is
included.Your
parents
may
pack
your
lunch.However,it
would
be
better
if
you
pack
it
yourself.(要点4)(共14张PPT)
单元重点小结
重点词汇
重点句型
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1.because
of
?
because是连词,后接从句;because
of是介词词组,后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或what引导的从句。
例如:He
didn’t
come
to
my
home
because
he
was
ill.他没有来我家,因为他生病了。
2.come
走近;上来;提出?
come
up
with提出
例如:Some
questions
came
up
at
the
meeting.一些问题在会议上被提出。
We
weren’t
able
to
come
up
with
any
new
suggestions.我们提不出任何新建议。
up
因为
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3.base
vt.以……为根据 n.基部;基地;基础
be
based
on以……为依据/基础
例如:All
of
the
work
we
do
is
based
on
science.我们所做的一切都是在科学的基础上完成的。
4.make
use
of利用;使用
make
good
use
of好好利用 make
full
use
of充分利用 make
the
best
use
of充分利用
例如:You
should
make
good
use
of
what
you
have.你应该好好利用你所拥有的。
5.such
例如;诸如?
for
example例如 namely=that
is
to
say也就是说
例如:He
has
many
hobbies,such
as
swimming,playing
football.
他有许多爱好,例如游泳、踢足球等。
as
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6.command
n.&
vt.命令;指令;掌握
command后接从句时,从句要用虚拟语气;have
a
good
command
of精通,掌握
例如:The
man
commanded
that
the
work
should
be
done
by
next
month.那个男人命令这项工作到下个月完成。
7.request
n.&
vt.请求;要求
request后接从句时,从句要用虚拟语气
例如:She
requested
that
no
one
be
told
of
her
decision
until
the
next
meeting.
她要求下次开会前不要向任何人透露她的决定。
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8.play
a
part
(in)
?
play
a
role
(in)扮演一个角色;参与
例如:The
Internet
is
playing
an
important
part
in
our
life.互联网在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。
9.recognize
vt.辨认出;承认;公认
My
hometown
has
changed
so
much
that
I
can
hardly
recognize
it.
我的故乡变化太大了,我简直认不出来了。
扮演角色,在……中起作用
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1.Native
English
speakers
can
understand
each
other
they
don’t
speak
the
same
kind
of
English.?
以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以互相理解。
2.I’d
like
to
your
apartment.?
我想到你的公寓坐坐。
3.It
German
than
the
English
we
speak
at
present.?
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。
even
if
come
up
to
was
based
more
on
重点词汇
重点句型
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4.English
is
also
spoken
in
Singapore
and
Malaysia
and
countries
in
Africa
South
Africa.?
新加坡、马来西亚和一些非洲国家例如南非等也说英语。
5.However,on
TV
and
the
radio
you
will
hear
differences
people
speak.?
然而在电视和收音机里你会听到人们讲英语的方式不同。
such
as
in
the
way
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直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ)
1.“Look
at
this
example,”
the
teacher
said
to
us.
The
teacher
us
to
look
at
example.?
2.“Would
you
like
to
see
my
flat?”
she
asked.
She
me
to
see
flat.?
told
that
asked
her
重点词汇
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命令和请求
1.Please...请……
2.Can
I
sit
here
and
wait
for
the
doctor?我能坐在这儿等医生吗?
3.How
do
you
spell
that?你怎样拼写那个(单词)呢?
4.Go
and...!
去……!
5.Would
you
please...?请你……好吗?
6.Do
that
now!
现在就去做!
7.Can
I
please...?请问我可以……吗?
8.Say
that
again!
再说一遍!
9.Would
you
please
speak
more
slowly?请你说得再慢点好吗?
10.Could
you
repeat
the
sentence?你能重复一下那个句子吗?
11.Go
and
buy
some
more
petrol.去再买一些汽油。
12.Take
the
dog
for
a
walk!
带着狗去散步!
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
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如何做好初高中英语语言知识的衔接
1.词汇和句型方面:以课文为主线,在学习新的词汇和句型时,不忘温习已学的词汇和句型。
2.语法方面:系统地复习归纳语法。既要做到系统地理清网络,把单词、词组、句型、语法进行系统地概括和归纳,又要集中地复习运用。找出薄弱环节,及时进行补救,为顺利学习铺平道路。
3.听力理解方面:要知道“听的目的并不在于能听懂多少,而在于听本身”,目的是练“耳感”,养成良好的习惯。其次,营造良好的听力氛围,扩大课外阅读量,也包括中文。
4.写作方面:平时坚持训练,没有捷径可走。
开始要做到:(1)把要点写全;(2)把句子写正确;(3)把意思表达清楚。
然后做到:(1)使用高级词汇;(2)使用复杂的句子结构;(3)向多使用关联词语的方向过渡。
经过长时间的训练,同学们在各类考试中才会取得较理想的作文成绩。
重点词汇
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【语篇导读】作为全世界使用范围最广的语言,英语在不同的国家和地区究竟有哪些异同呢?
Like
American
English,English
in
Australia,New
Zealand
and
South
Africa
is
different
from
British
English.However,cultural
and
political
ties
have
meant
that
until
recently
British
English
has
acted
as
“standardized”
English—spelling
usually
follows
British
English,for
instance.
重点词汇
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Elsewhere
in
Africa
and
on
the
Indian
subcontinent(次大陆),English
is
still
used
as
an
official
language
in
several
countries,even
though
these
countries
are
independent
of
British
rule.However,English
remains
very
much
a
second
language
for
most
people,used
in
administration(行政),education
and
government
and
as
a
means
of
communicating
between
speakers
of
different
languages.As
with
most
of
the
Commonwealth(英联邦),British
English
is
the
model
on
which,for
instance,Indian
English
is
based.In
the
Caribbean
and
especially
in
Canada,however,historical
ties
with
the
UK
compete
with
geographical,cultural
and
economic
(经济的)ties
with
the
USA,so
that
some
aspects
(方面)of
their
English
follow
British
rules
and
others
show
US
usage.
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English
is
also
important
as
an
international
language
and
plays
an
important
part
even
in
countries
where
the
UK
has
historically
had
little
influence.It
is
learnt
as
the
most
important
foreign
language
in
most
schools
in
Western
Europe.It
is
also
an
important
part
of
the
courses
in
places
like
Japan,South
Korea,and
China.
Before
WWII,most
teaching
of
English
as
a
foreign
language
used
British
English
as
its
model.Since
1945,however,the
economic
power
of
the
USA
and
its
influence
in
popular
culture
has
meant
that
American
English
has
become
models
for
learners
of
English
in
places
like
Japan
and
even
in
some
European
countries.British
English
remains
the
model
in
most
Commonwealth
countries
where
English
is
learnt
as
a
second
language.
重点词汇
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理解诱思
1.What
does
the
author
want
to
tell
us
about
English?
2.Can
you
give
this
passage
a
title?
答案:English
is
very
important
in
almost
all
aspects
all
over
the
world.
答案:English
as
a
global
language.
