(共77张PPT)
Unit
4
Global
warming
科学家的一项研究发现再一次给人类敲响了警钟。研究显示,因为全球变暖,15年内北极将迎来“无冰”夏季。过去几十年来,北极夏季海冰的数量一直在稳步减少,2019年北极夏季海冰数量仅次于历史最低纪录。
A
study
suggests
that
the
Arctic
“may
be
essentially
ice-free
during
summer
within
15
years”.
The
study
used
statistical
models
to
predict
the
future
amount
of
Arctic
ice,which
suggested
that
the
Arctic
could
be
ice-free
in
the
summer
during
the
decade
of
the
2030s—most
likely
in
the
year
2034.
Sea
ice
is
frozen
ocean
water
that
melts
each
summer,then
refreezes
each
winter.The
amount
of
summer
sea
ice
in
the
Arctic
has
been
steadily
shrinking
over
the
past
few
decades
because
of
global
warming.
It
reached
its
second-smallest
level
on
record
in
2019,the
National
Oceanic
and
Atmospheric
Administration
(NOAA)
said.?
Sea
ice
affects
Arctic
communities
and
wildlife
such
as
polar
bears
and
walruses①,and
it
helps
regulate
the
planet’s
temperature
by
influencing
the
circulation
of
the
atmosphere
and
ocean.
“The
extent
of
Arctic
ice
is
important
to
Arctic
people,whose
lands
are
being
affected
by
increased
coastal
erosion②,”
NOAA
said
in
a
statement.“Conversely③,the
disappearance
of
ice
creates
economic
opportunities,including
the
opening
of
oil
fields
and
new
shipping
routes”.
It
also
affects
global
weather
patterns.
The
study
was
conducted
by
scientists
at
NOAA,the
University
of
Washington,and
the
North
Carolina
Institute
for
Climate
Studies.
What
scientists
refer
to
as
the
first
“ice-free”
Arctic
summer
year
will
occur
when
the
Arctic
has
less
than
1
million
square
kilometers
of
sea
ice.
The
thick
ice
sheets
surrounding
Canada’s
Arctic
islands
are
likely
to
remain
for
much
longer,even
in
summer.?
As
the
climate
changes,the
Arctic
is
warming
more
?
than
twice
as
fast
as
the
rest
of
the
planet.
Arctic
air
temperatures
were
about
3.4
degrees
above
average
in
2019,and
were
the
second-warmest
since
records
began
in
1900.?
Scientists
also
said
the
results
of
the
study
indicate
that
there
is
room
for
improvement
in
sea-ice
models—and
that
the
ice
may
disappear
even
more
quickly
than
current
models
suggest.
“Climate
models
may
be
collectively
underestimating
the
rate
of
change,”
the
authors
write
in
the
study.
词海拾贝
①walrus
[
?w?:lr?s
]
n.海象
②erosion
[??r???n]
n.侵蚀,腐蚀
③conversely
[?k?nv?:sl?
]
adv.相反地
典句欣赏
1.The
amount
of
summer
sea
ice
in
the
Arctic
has
been
steadily
shrinking
over
the
past
few
decades
because
of
global
warming.
由于全球变暖,过去几十年来,北极夏季海冰的数量一直在稳步减少。
2.What
scientists
refer
to
as
the
first
“ice-free”
Arctic
summer
year
will
occur
when
the
Arctic
has
less
than
1
million
square
kilometers
of
sea
ice.
科学家所说的首个“无冰”北极夏季年将出现在北极海冰不足100万平方千米的时候。
3.As
the
climate
changes,the
Arctic
is
warming
more
than
twice
as
fast
as
the
rest
of
the
planet.
随着气候发生改变,北极的变暖速度是全球其他地区的两倍多。
理解诱思
1.What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
2.When
will
the
first“ice-free”
Arctic
summer
occur
according
to
the
scientists?
答案:The
Arctic
may
be
essentially
ice-free
during
summer
within
15
years
because
of
global
warming.
答案:It
will
occur
when
the
Arctic
has
less
than
1
million
square
kilometers
of
sea
ice.
Section
Ⅰ—
Warming
Up,Pre-reading,Reading
&
Comprehending
一
二
三
四
五
一、词义匹配
A B
1.random
a.to
pay
an
amount
of
money
regularly
in
order
to
receive
or
use
sth.
2.subscribe
b.a
sudden
event
that
causes
many
people
to
suffer
3.trend
c.gentle,soft
4.catastrophe
d.happening
or
chosen
without
any
definite
plan
aim,or
pattern
5.mild
e.a
result
of
sth.that
has
happened
6.consequence
f.a
general
direction
in
which
a
situation
is
changing
or
developing
答案:1.d 2.a 3.f 4.b 5.c 6.e
一
二
三
四
五
二、猜词拼写
1.
an
amount
of
sth.
that
can
be
counted
or
measured
?
2.
to
be
likely
to
happen
in
a
particular
way?
3.
to
disagree
with
something?
4.
to
formally
say?
5.
a
set
of
products
of
a
particular
type?
quantity
tend
oppose
state
range
一
二
三
四
五
三、词汇拓展
1.consume的名词
n.消费者?
2.tend的名词
n.趋势;倾向?
3.random的副词
?adv.胡乱地?
4.oppose的形容词
adj.反对的;对立的?
5.state的名词
n.陈述;说明?
consumer
tendency
randomly
opposed
statement
一
二
三
四
五
四、课文理解
1.
made
accurate
measurements
of
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
in
the
atmosphere
from
1957
to
1977.?
A.Dr
Janice
Foster
B.Charles
Keeling
C.George
Hambley
D.Sophie
Armstrong
2.Some
scientists
like
George
Hambley
think
that
the
temperature
increase
will
.?
A.cause
a
rise
of
several
metres
in
the
sea
level
B.cause
the
spread
of
diseases
and
the
disappearance
of
species
C.encourage
a
greater
range
of
animals
D.cause
severe
storms,floods,droughts
and
famines
答案：B
答案：C
一
二
三
四
五
3.Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
the
text?
A.Greenhouse
gases
refer
to
some
byproducts
of
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels.
B.The
global
warming
is
a
random
rather
than
natural
phenomenon.
C.The
temperature
in
the
last
century
increased
by
as
high
as
5
degrees.
D.Fewer
greenhouse
gases
will
gather
in
the
atmosphere.
答案：A
一
二
三
四
五
五、下面是课文原文的浓缩,仔细阅读并根据课文内容将其补充完整
During
the
20th
century
the
temperature
of
the
earth
rose
about
one
degree
Fahrenheit.That
probably
does
not
seem
much
to
you
or
me,but
it
is
a
rapid
increase
when
1.
(compare)
to
other
natural
changes.
There
is
no
doubt
2.
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
that
it
is
human
activity
that
has
caused
this
global
warming
rather
than
a
random
but
natural
phenomenon.All
scientists
subscribe
3.
the
view
that
people
have
caused
the
increase
in
the
earth’s
temperature
by
burning
fuels
like
coal,natural
gas
and
oil
to
produce
energy.Some
byproducts
of
this
process
are
called
“greenhouse”
gases,the
most
important
one
of
4.
is
compared
that
to
which
一
二
三
四
五
carbon
dioxide.These
gases
trap
heat
from
the
sun
and
therefore
warm
the
earth,without
which
the
earth
would
be
about
thirty-three
degrees
Celsius
5.
(cool)
than
it
is.But
the
increased
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
6. (mean)
that
more
heat
energy
tends
to
be
trapped
in
the
atmosphere,7.
(cause)
the
global
temperature
to
go
up.?
On
8.
other
hand,scientists
like
George
Hambley
believe
that
any
warming
will
be
mild
with
few
bad
environmental
9.
(consequence)
and
that
more
carbon
dioxide
is
10. (actual)
a
positive
thing.?
cooler
means
causing
the
consequences
actually
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1....but
it
is
a
rapid
increase
when
compared
to
other
natural
changes.(Page
26)
……但跟其他自然变化相比较而言,这却是一种快速的增长。
★考点 when
compared
to...
when
compared
to...是时间状语从句的省略,其完整形式为when
it
is
compared
to...。
①Film
has
a
much
shorter
history,especially
when
compared
to
such
art
forms
as
music
and
painting.
电影的历史短得多,尤其是它与诸如音乐、绘画等艺术形式相比较时。
②When
compared
to
our
small
flat,Tom’s
house
seemed
like
a
palace.
和我们的小公寓相比,汤姆的房子就像是宫殿。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
考点延伸?
一般来说,在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中,如果该从句的主语与主句主语一致或主语是it,且从句中含有be,则可把从句的主语连同be一起省略掉。
③If
(I
am)
given
another
chance,I
will
do
it
much
better.
要是再给我一次机会,我会把它做得更好。
④Even
if
(I
were)
invited
to
the
party,I
wouldn’t
go.
即使受邀去参加聚会,我也不会去。
温馨提示被省略后的动词可以是过去分词(表示被动意义),也可以是动词-ing形式(表示主动意义)。
⑤Do
be
careful
when
(you
are)
crossing
the
street.
过马路时一定要小心。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2.So
how
has
this
come
about
and
does
it
matter?(Page
26)
那么这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢?有影响吗?
★考点一 come
about是不及物动词短语,意为“发生;造成”。
①The
flood
came
about
as
a
result
of
the
heavy
spring
rains.
春雨大造成了洪水泛滥。
②It’s
already
10
o’clock.I
wonder
how
it
came
about
that
she
was
two
hours
late
on
such
a
short
trip.
现在已经10点了,我想知道这么短的路途她怎么会迟到两个小时。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出come的短语和意义。
③I
came
across
this
book
in
an
old
bookstore
in
London.
短语
come
across 意义
偶遇;偶然发现?
④That
magazine
covering
the
modern
art
will
come
out
next
month.
短语
come
out 意义
出版?
⑤The
matter
will
come
up
for
discussion
next
week.
短语
come
up 意义
被提出?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
come
across
偶遇;偶然发现
come
out
出来;开花;出版;结果是……
come
up
发生;被提出;(植物)长出地面
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
★考点二 matter
vi.有关系;要紧
①【高考典句】(2019北京高考)Does
the
name
of
the
college
you
attend
really
matter?
你读的大学的名字真的很重要吗?
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出matter的短语及意义。
②(2019北京高考)No
matter
what
you
like
to
do,there
is
a
way
to
get
involved
in
various
activities
on
Earth
Day.
短语
no
matter
what 意义
无论什么?
③To
make
matters
worse,now
I
have
to
share
a
room
with
my
younger
sister,Maggie.
短语
to
make
matters
worse 意义
更糟糕的是?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
no
matter
how/what...不管……
to
make
matters
worse更糟糕的是……
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
3.There
is
no
doubt
that
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
that
it
is
human
activity
that
has
caused
this
global
warming
rather
than
a
random
but
natural
phenomenon.(Page
26)
毫无疑问,地球正在变暖,并且全球变暖正是人类活动导致的,而不是一种无规律的自然现象。
剖析此句中it
is
human
activity
that
has
caused...为强调句。句型:It
is/was+被强调部分(除了谓语的任何句子成分)+that(当强调部分指人时也可用who)+其他部分。
It
is
Wei
Fang
that/who
has
broken
the
record.
就是魏方打破了纪录。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
★考点 There
is
no
doubt
that...意为“……是毫无疑问的”,that引导同位语从句,说明doubt的内容。
①There
is
no
doubt
that
our
team
will
win.
毫无疑问我们队会赢。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,指出含doubt的句型、短语及意义。
②There
is
some
doubt
whether
he
will
come
in
time.
句型
There’s
some
doubt
whether...?
意义
……值得怀疑
③(2019北京高考)In
the
near
future,it’s
not
just
going
to
be
the
number
you
see
on
your
screen
that
will
be
in
doubt.
短语
in
doubt 意义
怀疑的;不确定的?
④Research
proves
this
feeling
without
(a)
doubt.
短语
without
(a)
doubt 意义
无疑地;确实地?
⑤No
doubt
he
was
just
trying
to
help.
短语
no
doubt 意义
无疑地?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
(2)阅读下列句子,指出doubt所在句子的句式及其后从句的连接词。
⑥I
don’t
doubt
that
he
can
finish
the
task
on
time.
句式
否定句 连接词
that
⑦Do
you
doubt
that
she
will
succeed?
句式
疑问句 连接词
that
⑧I
doubt
whether/if
they
can
swim
across
the
river.
句式
肯定句 连接词
whether/if
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
温馨提示
误:He
has
some
doubt
if/that
he’ll
attend
the
meeting.
正:He
has
some
doubt
whether
he’ll
attend
the
meeting.
分析:此处doubt为名词,且句子为肯定句,只能用whether引导(同位语从句),不可用if。在否定句和疑问句中,doubt(名词)后接that引导的从句。当doubt为动词时,其后可接if或whether引导的宾语从句。
in
doubt怀疑的;不确定的
without
(a)
doubt无疑地;确实地
no
doubt确定地;必定地
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
4.All
scientists
subscribe
to
the
view
that
the
increase
in
the
earth’s
temperature
is
due
to
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels
like
coal,natural
gas
and
oil
to
produce
energy.(Page
26)
所有的科学家都支持这种观点:地球温度升高是由于燃烧煤、天然气和石油等化石燃料来获取能量而引起的。
剖析此句中that引导一个同位语从句,解释说明view的具体内容。后跟that引导同位语的名词常见的为
fact,doubt,idea,news,hope,opinion,belief,indication,decision,possibility,evidence,suggestion,question等。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
①The
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
that
we
should
have
an
assistant.There
is
too
much
work
to
do.
经理提议我们该招个助手。需要做的事太多了。
②【高考典句】(2019全国Ⅰ高考)There
is
evidence
that
they
range
all
the
way
across
the
Arctic,and
as
far
south
as
James
Bay
in
Canada.
证据表明,它们的活动范围遍及整个北极,甚至向南远至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。
③They
were
delighted
at
the
fact
that
he
didn’t
steal
the
money.
他们对他没有偷钱这一事实感到高兴。
★考点 subscribe
to
同意;赞成
④He
did
not
subscribe
to
my
suggestion.
他不同意我的提议。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出subscribe
to的其他意义。?
⑤He
subscribed
to
the
magazine.
意义
订购;订阅
⑥I
was
unwilling
to
subscribe
to
the
contract,but
it
seemed
that
I
had
no
choice.
意义
签名;签字
⑦Many
people
subscribed
money
to
the
education
fund.
许多人向那项教育基金捐了款。
意义
捐赠
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
温馨提示
误:He
has
subscribed
the
new
magazine.
正:He
has
subscribed
to
the
new
magazine.
分析:表示“预订(报纸、杂志、词典)”时,subscribe后可接介词to,但不能直接把subscribe作及物动词用。
subscribe
to
订阅;同意,赞成;签名,签字
subscribe
sth.
to...捐赠某物给……
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5.It
means
that
more
heat
energy
tends
to
be
trapped
in
the
atmosphere
causing
the
global
temperature
to
go
up.(Page
26)
它意味着更多的热能将被困在大气层中,从而引起全球气温上升。
★考点一 tend
vi.趋向;易于;照顾
①【高考典句】(2019浙江高考)We’ve
gone
to
the
opposite
extreme
of
a
few
decades
ago
when
parents
tended
to
be
more
strict.
当父母倾向于对孩子要求更加严格时,我们似乎走向了几十年前的另一个极端。
②【高考典句】(2019浙江高考)Women
tended
to
be
more
sociable.
女性更易于进行社交活动。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出tend或其名词形式的短语及意义。
③(2019天津高考)Those
who
tend
to
think
back
can
hardly
go
ahead.
短语
tend
to
do
sth.?
意义
易于做某事;往往会做某事
④Mom
was
always
busy
tending
(to)
my
sisters
during
the
night.
短语
tend
(to)
sb. 意义
照料/护理某人?
⑤She
has
a
tendency
to
think
that
everything
is
about
her.
短语
have
a
tendency
to
do
sth. 意义
倾向于做某事?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
tend
to
do
sth.易于做某事;往往会做某事
tend
(to)
sb./sth.照料/护理某人/某物
have
a
tendency
to
do
sth.倾向于做某事
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
★考点二 go
up上升;增长
①The
prices
of
daily
goods
have
gone
up
again
recently.
日常用品的物价最近又上涨了。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出go的短语及意义。
②New
factories
are
going
up
around
our
school.
短语
go
up 意义
兴建;建造起来?
③This
may
partly
explain
why
people
go
in
for
these
situations
even
though
they’re
dangerous.
短语
go
in
for 意义
喜欢?
④As
I
watched
several
people
go
by,get
into
their
cars
and
go
off,I
noticed
an
old
man
on
a
bicycle.
短语
go
by 意义
经过?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
⑤You
do
not
have
to
rush,as
you
have
a
year
to
go
through
the
project.
短语
go
through 意义
经历；做完?
go
up上升;上涨,增加;建造起来
go
in
for从事;喜欢
go
by经过;过去,(时间等)流逝
go
through
经历;穿过;仔细检查;(完成法律等)被通过
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
6....that
has
resulted
in
this
increase
in
carbon
dioxide.(Page
26)
……导致了二氧化碳的增加。
★考点 result
in导致;造成……的结果
①The
quarrel
resulted
in
his
mother
leaving
the
house.
争吵导致了他母亲离家出走。
②The
game
resulted
in
another
victory
for
our
team.
比赛结果,我们队又获胜了。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
考点延伸
(1)阅读下列句子,指出result的其他短语和意义。
③As
a
result
of
what
we
saw
we
decided
to
change
the
rules.
短语
as
a
result
of 意义
由于;作为……的结果?
④He
didn’t
work
hard,as
a
result,he
failed
his
exam.
短语
as
a
result 意义
结果?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
(2)辨析result
from/result
in
result
from意为“是……的结果;由于”,其主语表示结果,介词from的宾语则表示原因,主语的结果是由宾语的原因引起的。
result
in意指“结果是;导致;结果造成”,其主语表示原因,介词in的宾语则表示结果,主语的原因导致或造成了宾语的结果。
⑤We
all
believe
that
success
results
from
hard
work.
我们都坚信成功来自努力工作。
⑥The
accident
resulted
in
the
death
of
two
passengers.
这场事故造成两名乘客死亡。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
result
from
由……造成;因……而产生
result
in
导致;造成……的结果
(以上为动词短语)
as
a
result
结果
as
a
result
of由于,作为……的结果
(以上为介词短语)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
7.In
fact,Hambley
states...(Page
27)
实际上,汉布利声明……
★考点 state
v.陈述;声明
②It
is
stated
that
all
the
people
in
the
accident
were
killed.
有人宣布事故中的所有人员都死了。
①He
stated
his
problem
clearly.
他把问题叙述得很清楚。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出画线单词的词性及含义。
③(2019浙江高考)He
got
into
a
state
of
quiet.
词性
名词 含义
状态
④In
1897,the
state
of
Michigan
passed
a
law
prohibiting
the
killing
of
passenger
pigeons.
词性
名词 含义
州
⑤We
all
consider
the
statement
of
great
importance.
词性
名词 含义
陈述,说明
⑥His
general
state
of
health
is
fairly
satisfactory.
词性
名词 含义
情况;状态
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
It’s
stated
that...有人宣布说……
the
state
of
mind
心态
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8....it
will
encourage
a
greater
range
of
animals...(Page
27)
……它将促进更多动物的生长……
★考点 range
n.种类;范围
①【高考典句】(2019全国Ⅰ高考)What
is
the
age
range
required
by
the
program?
这个项目要求的年龄范围是什么?
②She
has
a
wide
range
of
interests.
她有广泛的兴趣。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,指出range的词性及含义。
③The
newly-built
houses
range
along
the
broad
road.
词性
(不及物)动词 含义
排列
④The
mountain
range
is
nearly
700
miles
long.
词性
名词 含义
山脉
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
(2)阅读下列句子,指出range的短语及意义。
⑤The
price
of
the
house
is
well
out
of/beyond
our
range.
短语
out
of/beyond
one’s
range?
意义
某人的能力达不到的;超过某人的能力范围的
⑥There
will
be
an
increase
in/within
the
range
of
1
to
3
percent.
短语
in/within
the
range
of 意义
在……范围内?
⑦There
were
120
students
whose
ages
ranged
from
10
to
18.
短语
range
from...to...(=range
between...and...)?
意义
从……到……之间变化
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
a
(wide)
range
of
一系列的;各种各样的
out
of/beyond
one’s
range超过某人的能力范围;某人的能力达不到的
in/within
the
range
of在……范围内
in/within
range
在射程内
range
from...to...从……到……之间变化
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
一
二
三
一、写作词汇检测
根据每一组的提示词,完成或者翻译句子。
1.state
(1)It
that
they
would
continue
to
work
there
until
the
flood
went
away.?
(2)不久,他第一次就这件事发表了声明。
答案:(1)was
stated
(2)Soon
afterwards,he
made
his
first
statement
about
this
affair.
2.range
(1)The
books
by
size.?
(2)这家工厂生产各种各样的零部件。
答案:(1)are
ranged
(2)This
factory
makes
a
wide/whole
range
of
parts.
一
二
三
3.glance
(1)
over
the
letter,she
burst
into
tears.?
(2)我瞥一眼就能看出二者的区别。
答案:(1)Glancing
(2)I
could
tell
the
difference
between
them
at
a
glance.
4.oppose
(1)I
am
not
to
the
idea,but
I
need
more
details.?
(2)民众反对增税。
答案:(1)opposed
(2)The
public
oppose
increasing
taxes.
一
二
三
5.tend
(1)For
years,he
her
in
her
painful
illness.?
(2)当别人不同意她时,她容易生气。
答案:(1)tended
(2)She
tends
to
get/be
angry
when
others
disagree
with
her.
一
二
三
二、阅读词汇检测
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的含义。
1.He
has
made
a
graph
showing
the
amount
of
fuel
sold
each
month.?
答案:图表
2.All
the
data
has
been
fed
into
the
computer.?
答案:数据
3.The
flood
was
a
great
catastrophe
for
the
villagers.?
答案:洪水;大灾难
4.If
you
behave
so
foolishly,you
must
be
ready
to
take
the
consequence
.?
答案:后果
一
二
三
5.She
always
follows
the
latest
trends
in
fashion.?
答案:趋势
一
二
三
三、单句语法填空
1.Have
you
got
time
for
a
glance
his
report??
答案:at
2.We’re
good
friends
because
we’ve
gone
many
kinds
of
troubles
together.?
答案:through
3.The
company
has
made
a
lot
of
development
resulting
everyone’s
hard
work.?
答案:from
4.—Where
did
you
get
to
know
her?
—It
was
on
the
farm
we
worked.?
答案:where
一
二
三
5.Some
government
ministers
had
serious
doubts
as
to
the
policy
could
work.?
答案:whether
6.Perhaps
the
most
difficult
challenge
is
to
survive
without
friends.?
答案:how
7.Compared
the
escaped
driver,I
am
proud
of
what
I
did.?
答案:with/to
8.You
can’t
depend
the
train
arriving
on
time.?
答案:on
一
二
三
9.John
invited
about
40
people
to
his
wedding,most
of
are
family
members.?
答案:whom
11.I
made
a
promise
to
myself
this
year,my
first
year
in
high
school,would
be
different.?
答案:that
12.He
didn’t
lose
heart,and
kept
trying.?
答案:on
10.(2019浙江高考)As
result,I’ve
always
kept
up
with
the
newspapers.?
答案:a
一
二
三
14.Though
many
residents
were
opposed
the
plan
of
building
the
motorway,the
government
decided
to
carry
it
out.?
答案:to
15.Was
it
on
a
lonely
island
he
was
saved
one
month
after
the
boat
went
down??
答案:that
13.I
have
never
subscribed
the
view
that
schooldays
are
the
happiest
days
of
our
life.?
答案:to(共46张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ—
Learning
about
Language,
Using
Language,
Summing
Up
&
Learning
Tip
一
二
三
一、写作词汇
语境考查:预习Reading部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语段。
1.—Our
holiday
cost
a
lot
of
money.
—Did
it?Well,it
doesn’t
matter
(只要)
you
enjoy
yourself.?
2.—How
does
Tom
perform
in
school?
—Well,his
work
at
school
is
above
(平均).?
3.—I
found
the
movie
very
interesting.What
about
you?
— (总的来说),I
have
the
same
opinion
as
you.?
so
long
as
average
On
the
whole
一
二
三
4.—I
find
many
people
from
the
city
go
to
the
country
and
work
the
land.
—Yes,it
seems
a
(趋势)
to
work
in
the
country.?
5.I
(提倡)
protecting
our
(环境)
by
getting
rid
of
bad
habits,such
as
smoking,burning
fossil
fuels,
(等等).?
tendency
advocate
circumstances
and
so
on
一
二
三
二、阅读词汇
预习Reading部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思。
A
Poster
We’ll
make
a
commitment
1. to
reduce
global
warming.Here
are
some
tips:?
Start
with
small
things
we
do
every
day.
Turn
off
electrical
2.
appliances,such
as
the
TV
and
the
microwave
3. ,if
not
using
them.?
Walk
or
ride
a
bicycle
to
school
instead
of
motor
4.
vehicles.?
Recycle
cans
5. ,bottles,plastic
bags
and
newspapers
if
circumstances
6.
allow
you
to.?
承诺
电的
微波炉
发动机
容器
情况
一
二
三
Don’t
buy
things
that
are
not
economical
with
energy.
I
believe
that
doing
all
these
small
things
will
improve
our
environment
and
help
make
our
world
a
better
place
to
live
in.
一
二
三
三、课文理解
1.Which
is
NOT
true
about
Ouyang
Guang?
A.He
is
doing
a
project
on
global
warming.
B.He
feels
individuals
can
affect
huge
environmental
problems.
C.He
is
not
sure
where
to
start
with
his
project.
D.He
wants
to
get
some
suggestions
from
Earth
Care.
2.Which
is
TRUE
according
to
the
editor’s
letter?
A.Individuals
can
do
different
things
to
improve
mental
problems.
B.We
must
put
up
with
pollution
in
such
circumstances.
C.Many
things
we
do
can
lead
to
the
increase
in
temperature.
D.We
seldom
use
energy
in
our
houses.
答案：B
答案：C
一
二
三
3.What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
two
letters?
A.Global
warming
is
becoming
more
and
more
serious.
B.Suggestions
on
what
to
do
about
global
warming.
C.Individuals
needn’t
do
anything
about
global
warming.
D.Governments
should
take
measures
about
global
warming.
答案：B
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1.On
the
whole
the
warming
of
the
earth
is
a
phenomenon
that
causes
great
concern.(Page
28)
总的来说,地球变暖是个引起广泛关注的现象。
★考点 on
the
whole总的看来;大体上;总体上
①You
have
made
a
few
mistakes
in
your
composition
but
on
the
whole
you
have
done
well.
你的作文中有一些错误,但是总的来说你写得不错。
考点延伸?
阅读下面的句子,指出whole
的其他短语和意义。?
②You
must
consider
those
matters
as
a
whole.
短语
as
a
whole 意义
总体上;作为一个整体看待?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
on
the
whole
总的看来;大体上;总体上
as
a
whole
总体上,作为一个整体看待
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2.The
greenhouse
effect
gives
the
earth’s
surface
the
average
temperature
of
15℃.(Page
29)
温室效应使得地球表面的平均气温达到15℃。
★考点 average
adj.平均的
①The
average
age
of
our
roommates
is
18.
我们室友的平均年龄是18岁。
②【高考典句】(2019江苏高考)Mammals
weighing
sixty
kilograms
have
an
average
brain
size
of
200
cm3.
体重60千克的哺乳动物平均脑容量为200立方厘米。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
考点延伸
(1)阅读下列句子,指出average的词性及含义。
③She
was
just
an
average
high
school
athlete.
词性
形容词 含义
普通的
④The
library
now
gets
an
average
of
five
visits
a
day.
词性
名词 含义
平均;平均数
⑤(2019江苏高考)Modern
man
has
a
brain
averaging
1200-1400
cm3.
词性
动词 含义
平均值为
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
(2)阅读下列句子,指出average的短语和意义。
⑥His
living
standard
is
below
average.
短语
below
average 意义
低于平均水平?
⑦These
marks
are
well
above
average.
短语
above
average 意义
高于平均水平?
⑧This
may
explain
why
women
on
average
live
longer
than
men.
短语
on
average 意义
平均地?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
below
average
低于平均水平
above
average
高于平均水平
on
average
平均地;通常
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3.I
am
doing
a
project
on
behalf
of
my
school
about
global
warming.(Page
30)
我正代表我的学校从事一项关于全球变暖的项目。
①John
accepted
the
championship
award
on
behalf
of
the
team.
约翰代表球队领取了冠军奖。
②They
worked
hard
all
their
lives
on
behalf
of
the
poor.
他们毕生为穷人的利益而辛劳。
★考点 on
behalf
of代表……一方;作为……的代言人(也可用on
sb.’s
behalf);为了某人的利益
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4.However,I
still
think
people
should
advocate
improvements
in
the
way
we
use
energy
today.(Page
30)
然而,我仍然认为人们应该倡导改善日常能源消耗的方式。
★考点 advocate
vt.提倡;倡导
①He
advocated
the
use
of
force.
他倡导使用武力。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,体会advocate的词性及含义。
②The
report
advocated
that
all
buildings
should
be
fitted
with
smoke
detectors.
词性
动词 含义
主张
③He
is
an
advocate
of
more
airplanes
and
fewer
warships.
词性
名词 含义
倡导者;拥护者
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
(2)阅读下列句子,指出advocate
的短语、句式和意义。?
④Do
you
advocate
banning
cars
in
the
city
centre?
短语
advocate
doing
sth. 意义
提倡做某事?
⑤Some
scientists
advocate
that
we
(should)
do
more
research
on
reducing
the
pollution.
句式
advocate
that
sb.(should)do
sth. 意义
提倡某人做某事(注意:宾语从句需用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,should可以省略。)?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
温馨提示
误:I
advocate
to
develop
education
in
mountainous
areas.
正:I
advocate
developing
education
in
mountainous
areas.
分析:advocate后接动词-ing形式作宾语,不能接不定式。
误:They
advocate
for
social
reforms.
正:They
advocate
social
reforms.
分析:advocate是及物动词,其后直接接名词或代词作宾语,不需要加介词。
advocate
doing
sth.提倡做某事
advocate
that
sb.(should)do
sth.提倡某人做某事(宾语从句用虚拟语气)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
5.We
do
not
have
to
put
up
with
pollution.(Page
30)
我们不必容忍污染。
★考点 put
up
with容忍;忍受
①I’m
not
going
to
put
up
with
their
smoking
any
longer.
我再也不能容忍他们抽烟了。
②There
are
many
inconveniences
that
have
to
be
put
up
with
when
you
are
camping.
在你露营时,必须忍受许多不便之处。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出put
的其他短语和意义。?
③You
must
put
aside
your
work
for
a
time
and
take
a
holiday.
短语
put
aside 意义
把……放在一边?
④The
local
drama
club
is
putting
on
“Macbeth”.
短语
put
on 意义
上演?
⑤The
firemen
worked
hard
but
were
not
able
to
put
out
the
fire.
短语
put
out 意义
扑灭?
⑥The
appointment
was
put
off
because
of
his
illness.
短语
put
off 意义
推迟?
⑦First
he
opened
a
shop
and
then
he
put
up
a
poster
outside
the
shop
to
attract
customers.
短语
put
up 意义
张贴?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
put
up
with
容忍;忍受
put
aside
把……放在一边
put
on
上演;穿上
put
out
扑灭
put
off
推迟
put
up
张贴;举(手)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6.Recycle
cans,bottles,plastic
bags
and
newspapers
if
circumstances
allow
you
to.(Page
30)
如果情况允许的话,你可以回收容器、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸。
★考点 circumstance
n.情况(常用复数)
①【高考典句】(2019全国Ⅱ高考)Your
personal
circumstances
are
equally
important.
你个人的情况同等重要。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
考点延伸
(1)阅读下列句子,体会circumstance的含义。
②(2019全国Ⅱ高考)The
goals
can
change
according
to
circumstances.
含义
环境;条件
(2)阅读下列句子,指出circumstance的短语和意义。
③Don’t
leave
your
house
under
any
circumstances.
短语
under
any
circumstances 意义
在任何情况下?
④Under/In
no
circumstances
should
a
baby
be
left
alone
in
the
house.
短语
in/under
no
circumstances 意义
决不;无论如何也不(注意:放在句首时,句子用部分倒装语序)?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
⑤I
was
in
very
bad
circumstances—I
was
almost
penniless.
短语
in
bad
circumstances 含义
(经济)状况很糟?
in/under
any
circumstances
在任何情况下
under/in
no
circumstances
决不;无论如何也不
in
good/bad
circumstances
处境良好/不好;(经济)状况很好/糟
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7.Remember—your
contribution
counts!(Page
30)
记住——你的奉献是有价值的。
★考点 contribution
n.贡献
①He
was
awarded
a
prize
for
his
contribution
to
world
peace.
他由于为世界和平做出的贡献而获奖。
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下面的句子,指出contribution的短语和意义。
②Make
contributions
to
others’
happiness,and
you
will
be
well
on
the
way
to
happiness.
短语
make
contributions
to 意义
为……做贡献?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
(2)阅读下列句子,指出contribute的短语和意义。
③Tom
contributes
$5
to
the
charity
every
payday.
短语
contribute...to... 意义
把……捐献给……
④(2019浙江高考)Many
factors
contributed
to
the
decline.
短语
contribute
to 意义
有助于;促成?
⑤I’ve
been
contributing
articles
to
this
magazine
for
many
years.
短语
contribute
(...)
to 意义
向……投稿?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
make
contributions
to
为……做贡献
contribute...to...
把……捐献给……;向……投稿
contribute
to
有助于……;促成……
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
一
二
一、写作词汇检测
A.根据每一组的提示词,完成或者翻译句子。
1.growth
(1)She
very
fast
until
she
was
fifteen.?
(2)均衡的饮食对儿童成长很重要。
答案:(1)grew
(2)A
balanced
diet
is
important
for
children’s
growth.
2.average
(1)We
40
miles
an
hour
on
the
way
to
Beijing
yesterday.?
(2)他只是一个普通学生,但很讨人喜爱。
答案:(1)averaged
(2)He
is
just
an
average
student,but
he
is
attractive.
一
二
3.advocate
(1)He
firmly
building
a
hospital
in
the
area.?
(2)许多人主张设立更多的学校和医院。
答案:(1)advocates
(2)Many
people
advocate
building
more
schools
and
hospitals.
4.circumstance
(1)We
are
now
living
in
better
than
ever.?
(2)你在任何情况下都不能离开这间房子。
答案:(1)circumstances
(2)In/Under
no
circumstances
are
you
to
leave
the
house.
一
二
B.根据所学内容,用所给短语造句。
5.on
behalf
of
我代表校长跟他谈话。
答案:I’ll
speak
to
him
on
behalf
of
our
headmaster.
6.put
up
with
我再也不能忍受这些噪音了。
答案:I
couldn’t
put
up
with
these
noises
any
more.
7.on
the
whole
整体上,人们比100年前健康了很多。
答案:People
are,on
the
whole,a
great
deal
healthier
than
100
years
ago.
8.contribute
to
我认为我们每一个人都能为世界的未来作出贡献。
答案:I
believe
that
each
of
us
can
contribute
to
the
future
of
the
world.
一
二
二、阅读词汇检测
阅读下列句子,说出黑体词的含义。
1.No
one
has
yet
solved
the
problem
of
how
to
get
rid
of
nuclear
waste.?
答案:核的
2.Put
the
fish
in
the
microwave
and
it’ll
only
take
two
minutes.?
答案:微波炉
3.He
made
a
commitment
to
pay
the
rent
on
time. ?
答案:承诺
4.The
machine
doesn’t
work.I
think
there’s
something
wrong
with
the
motor. ?
答案:发动机
一
二
5.Untidy
presentation
of
your
work
may
lose
you
marks.?
答案:表现
6.The
two
reports
are
in
disagreement
.?
答案:不一致
7.The
boss
is
not
happy
about
your
casual
attitude
to
your
work.?
答案:随便的(共18张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ—
Grammar
一
二
三
一、观察每组句子,并试着将它们译成汉语
1.(1)He
did
wrong
things
and
said
wrong
words.
(2)He
did
do
wrong
things
and
did
say
wrong
words.
2.(1)Human
activity
has
caused
global
warming.
(2)It
is
human
activity
that
has
caused
global
warming.
(3)It
is
global
warming
that
human
activity
has
caused.
答案：他做了错事,说了错话。
答案：他的确做了错事,说了错话。
答案：人类活动造成了全球变暖。
答案：正是人类的活动才造成了全球变暖。
答案：人类活动造成的正是全球变暖。
一
二
三
3.(1)During
the
20th
century
the
temperature
of
the
earth
went
up
about
one
degree
Fahrenheit.
(2)It
was
during
the
20th
century
that
the
temperature
of
the
earth
went
up
about
one
degree
Fahrenheit.
(3)It
was
about
one
degree
Fahrenheit
that
during
the
20th
century
the
temperature
of
the
earth
went
up.
答案：在20世纪地球温度上升了大约1华氏度。
答案：是在20世纪地球温度上升了大约1华氏度。
答案：地球温度在20世纪升高的温度大约有1华氏度。
一
二
三
二、根据所学知识,对下列句子的画线部分进行强调
1.You
should
turn
to
your
head
teacher
for
more
help.?
2.Not
what
someone
said
but
what
he
did
matters.?
3.The
couple
got
married
on
May
1st
1999.?
4.Who
should
take
measures
to
stop
using
plastic
bags?
5.The
football
match
had
to
be
put
off
because
of
the
bad
weather.?
答案：It
is
your
head
teacher
that/who
you
should
turn
to
for
more
help.
答案：It
is
not
what
someone
said
but
what
he
did
that
matters.
答案：It
was
on
May
1st
1999
that
the
couple
got
married.
答案：Who
is
it
that
should
take
measures
to
stop
using
plastic
bags?
答案：It
was
because
of
the
bad
weather
that
the
football
match
had
to
be
put
off.
一
二
三
三、单句语法填空
1.Where
is
that
the
young
people
decide
which
project
to
concentrate
on??
2.The
company
has
got
(it)
into
financial
difficulties.?
3.What’s
been
like,living
in
California??
4.It
was
during
this
time
he
wrote
this
book.?
5.The
chair
has
lost
one
of
(it)
legs.?
it
itself
it
that
its
it的用法(2)
it用于强调句型
1.基本句子结构:It
is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+剩余部分。
在英语中,我们常用此结构来突出强调句子的某一成分(通常强调主语、宾语和状语)。在这个句型中,it没有词汇意义,只是引出被强调的成分。(注意:如果强调人,用who或that都可以,强调其他的只能用that。)
①It
is
I
who/that
am
going
to
be
sent
there
to
help
them.
是我将被派去那里帮助他们。
②It
was
an
old
friend
that/who
he
met
in
the
park
yesterday.
他昨天在公园里遇到的是一个老朋友。
③It
was
in
this
village
that
I
was
brought
up.
我是在这个村庄长大的。
④It
was
because
she
was
ill
that
they
didn’t
ask
her
to
do
the
job.
是因为她病了,他们才没让她做这项工作。
⑤It
was
not
until
she
had
arrived
home
did
she
remember
her
appointment
with
the
doctor.
她是已经到家了才想起和医生的预约。
归纳
(1)强调主语时,who/that后的谓语与被强调部分保持一致;
(2)not...until句式的强调句结构为:It
is/was
not
until...that+剩余部分.
2.强调句的一般疑问句句型:
Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/who+其他?
Was
it
because
he
was
in
trouble
that
Mary
tried
to
help
him?
是因为他遇到麻烦了所以玛丽才尽力帮他的吗?
3.强调句的特殊疑问句句型:
特殊疑问词+is/was
it
+that/who+其他?
Why
was
it
that
Mary
tried
to
help
him?
是因为什么玛丽才尽力帮他的呢?
4.判断强调句的方法
判断一个句子是否是强调句,可把“It
is/was”和“who/that”去掉,剩余部分如果是一个完整的句子,那么这个句子是强调句,否则不是。
试比较下列句子,判断是强调句还是其他句型。
①It
was
you
and
Tom
that
didn’t
come
yesterday.
句型:强调句
分析:去掉“It
was”和“that”后,句子变成:You
and
Tom
didn’t
come
yesterday.结构完整,所以是强调句。
②It
is
strange
that
they
didn’t
come
yesterday.
句型:主语从句
分析:去掉“It
is”和“that”后,句子不完整,所以不是强调句。本句中It作形式主语,that引导真正的主语从句。
③It
was
in
the
lab
that/which
was
taken
charge
of
by
Mr
Harris
that
they
did
the
experiment.
句型:强调句中包含定语从句
分析:去掉“It
is/was”和“that”后,句子主干为They
did
the
experiment
in
the
lab.,结构完整;that/which
was
taken
charge
of
by
Mr
Harris在lab后作其定语从句。
注意强调句和其他句型的区别,慎选连接词。
例如:It
was
7
o’clock
when
he
came
back.
他回来时7点钟了。
It
was
at
7
o’clock
that
he
came
back.他是7点钟回来的。
一
二
一、单句语法填空
1.It
might
be
I
that (be)
to
answer
for
it.?
答案:am
2.It
was’t
until
nearly
a
month
later
I
received
the
manager’s
reply.?
答案:that
3.—Why
was
that
you
lost
all
your
keys??
—It
was
because
of
my
carelessness.
答案:it
4.It’s
more
than
half
a
century
my
grandfather
joined
the
Party.?
答案:since
一
二
5.How
was
it they
discovered
the
entrance
to
the
underground
palace??
答案:that
6.It
is
still
a
question
he
will
come
or
not.?
答案:whether
7.It
is he
does matters,not
who
he
is.?
答案:what;that
8.—Where
did
you
find
the
professor
who
made
the
speech
yesterday?
—It
was
in
the
hall
the
students
often
have
a
meeting.?
答案:where
9.Was
it
in
that
small
village
our
president
was
born??
答案:that
一
二
10.Was
it
Bill,
played
basketball
very
well,
helped
the
blind
man
across
the
street??
答案:who;that
一
二
二、单句改错
1.It’s
she
that
we
visited
yesterday.
答案:she→her
2.It’s
the
boy
not
his
parents
that
are
to
blame.
答案:are→is
3.Where
was
it
you
went
on
summer
vacation
last
year?
答案:it
后加
that
4.It
was
in
Qingdao
where
I
saw
the
sea
for
the
first
time.
答案:where→that
一
二
5.It
was
lack
of
money,not
of
effort,which
defeated
their
plan.
答案:which→that
6.It
was
already
morning
that
he
woke
up.
答案:that→when
7.—Where
did
you
get
the
book?
—It
was
in
the
bookshop
that
we
met
yesterday.
答案:that→where
8.It
is
no
possibility
that
Bob
can
win
first
prize
in
the
match.
答案:It→There
9.It
is
at
the
gate
where
she
will
be
waiting
for
me.
答案:where→that(共11张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ—
Writing
写作指导
常用句式
针对训练
写作思路
如何写好书面通知
书面通知是以布告、张贴的形式出现的通知。书面通知通常包括时间、地点、对象、内容以及注意事项。如果通知是报告会或者讲座,还包括演讲人的简介。书面通知的语言应简明扼要、条理清晰。标题在正上方多用Notice或者NOTICE以引起公众的注意。发通知的人或者单位写在通知的右下角。
写作指导
常用句式
针对训练
写作思路
开头:
1.The
students’
Union
is
going
to
hold
a
party
at
the
school
hall
this
Saturday
evening.
本周六晚上学生会要在学校报告厅举办一次晚会。
2.Mr.Wang
will
give
a
lecture
on
Chinese
traditional
culture
at
the
school
hall
on
November
20,2020.
2020年11月20日王老师要在学校报告厅举行关于中国传统文化的讲座。
3.Our
school
is
planning
a
graduation
celebration
on
June
6.
我们学校将于6月6日举行毕业庆祝会。
4.A
lecture
about
traditional
Chinese
festivals
will
be
given
at
7
this
evening.
今晚7点我们要举办一场关于中国传统节日的讲座。
写作指导
常用句式
针对训练
写作思路
5.Our
school
photo
club
is
going
to
hold
an
International
High
School
Student
Photo
Show
in
June.
我校摄影俱乐部将在六月份举办国际中学生摄影展。
6.我们盼望的汉字听写大赛马上就要到了。
Chinese
Character
Dictation
Competition
that
we
look
forward
to
is
approaching/
drawing
near.
写作指导
常用句式
针对训练
写作思路
中间:
1.The
meeting
will
last
three
hours
more
or
less.
会议大约持续了三个小时。
2.The
show
will
start
from
June
15th.
展览从6月15号开始。
3.The
theme
of
the
show
is
environmental
protection.
展览的主题是环境保护。
4.We
had
better
make
full
use
of
the
opportunity
to
improve
our
spoken
English.
我们最好利用这次机会来提高我们的口语水平。
5.Some
details
about
this
activity
are
as
follows.
活动的细节如下。
写作指导
常用句式
针对训练
写作思路
6.The
summer
camp
covers
a
wide
variety
of
cultural
activities,ranging
from
studying
Chinese
daily
expressions
to
attending
some
lectures
on
Chinese
history.
这次夏令营有各种各样的文化活动,内容包括学习日常汉语表达、参加关于中国历史的讲座。
7.We
will
meet
at
8:30
outside
the
school
gate.
我们8:30在学校门口集合。
写作指导
常用句式
针对训练
写作思路
结尾:
1.Every
one
of
you
is
expected
to
be
part
of
the
event.
你们每个人都要参加这个活动。
2.All
the
teachers
and
students
are
required
to
attend
it.
要求全校师生全部参加。
3.Please
take
your
notebooks
and
make
notes.
请带笔记本并做记录。
4.Please
listen
carefully
and
we’ll
have
a
discussion
in
groups.
请认真听讲,会后我们要分小组讨论。
5.Make
sure
you’ll
come
on
time
and
don’t
be
late.
一定要按时到会,不要迟到。
写作指导
常用句式
针对训练
写作思路
6.All
are
requested
to
come
on
time.
通知要求所有人按时到达。
7.Come
on,everybody!
It’s
your
show
time.
大家快来吧,展示你们自己的时间到了!
8.Have
an
active
part
in
it,and
wish
you
good
luck!
快来积极参加吧,祝你们好运!
9.Everybody
is
welcome
to
attend
it.
欢迎大家参加。
10.I
hope
you’ll
have
a
nice
time
here.
希望你届时度过美好的时光。
写作指导
常用句式
针对训练
写作思路
假如你是李华,你将代表学校俱乐部邀请英国专家Peter来你校做有关英语课外阅读的讲座。请你根据提示写一则活动通知,内容包括:
1.活动的时间和地点;
2.讲座的主要内容;
3.欢迎大家参加活动。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:课外阅读
extracurricular
reading
Notice
写作指导
常用句式
针对训练
写作思路
本篇书面表达为应用文,要求写一则活动通知。我们首先要确定文章的人称和时态,然后认真组织语言;要简洁、清晰地表达出要表达的内容。本文可以分三段:
第一段:整体介绍讲座的内容、时间、地点以及主讲人情况;
第二段:具体介绍讲座的过程和具体内容,持续时间等;
第三段:提醒大家注意事项,欢迎大家参加并表达祝愿。
写作指导
常用句式
针对训练
写作思路
范文示例
Notice
There
will
be
a
lecture
on
extracurricular
reading
in
the
lecture
hall
at
9
am
this
Saturday
morning.It
will
be
given
by
Peter,a
famous
professor
from
a
British
university.
The
talk
is
bound
to
help
us
students
to
do
better
in
our
extracurricular
reading.Firstly,Peter
will
introduce
some
practical
reading
skills
and
then
some
activities
will
be
shared
with
us.Secondly,a
question
and
answer
session
is
offered
to
solve
our
problems.So
we
may
as
well
make
some
preparations
before
attending
the
talk.The
talk
will
last
three
hours
more
or
less.
Everybody
is
welcome
to
take
an
active
part
in
it.Hope
you’ll
have
a
nice
time
here.
Reading
Club(共20张PPT)
单元重点小结
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
1. ?
发生;造成?
come
across
偶遇;偶然发现 come
up
发生;被提出 come
out
开花;出版
2.
vi.趋向;易于;照顾?
?
n.倾向;趋势;tend
to
do
sth.往往会;常常会?
例如:女人多比男人长寿。
?
3.
上升;增长?
复习;
经历;
从事;喜欢; 出去,(灯)熄灭?
4.
导致?
由……造成;as
a
result
?
come
about
tend
tendency
Women
tend
to
live
longer
than
men.
go
up
go
over
go
through
go
in
for
go
out
result
in
result
from
结果
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
5.
vt.反对;反抗?
adj.反对的;对立的 be
opposed
to
反对……?
例如:大多数人反对这个方案。
?
6.
vt.陈述;声明?
statement
n.陈述;说明 in
a
state
of
?
7.
n.种类;范围?
a
wide
range
of
各种各样的;range
from...to...从……到……之间变化
例如:公园里有各种各样的植物。
?
8. /
即使?
9.
大体上;基本上?
oppose
opposed
The
majority
of
people
are
opposed
to
the
project.
state
处于……状态
range
There
are
a
wide
range
of
plants
in
the
garden.
even
if
even
though
on
the
whole
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
10.
adj.平均的?
on
average
平均地,通常 above/below
average
高于/低于平均水平
11.
代表……一方;作为……的代言人?
12.
忍受;容忍?
13. /
只要?
14.
环境;情况?
in/under
any
circumstances
在任何情况下
in/under
no
circumstances
决不
average
on
behalf
of
put
up
with
so
long
as
as
long
as
circumstance
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
1. the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
that
it
is
human
activity
that
has
caused
this
global
warming
rather
than
a
random
but
natural
phenomenon.?
毫无疑问,地球正在变暖。并且全球变暖正是人类活动导致的而不是一种无规律的自然现象。
2. we
start
reducing
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
greenhouse
gases,the
climate
is
going
to
keep
on
warming
for
decades
or
centuries.?
即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量,在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内,气候仍会持续转暖。
There
is
no
doubt
that
Even
if
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
3.It
is
OK
to
leave
an
electrical
appliance
on
you
are
using
it
—
if
not,turn
it
off!?
只要你在使用电器设备,你就可以让它开着——如果不用就把它关掉!
so
long
as
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
6.At
the
time
they
were
created,the
Impressionist
paintings
were
controversial,but
today
they
are
accepted
as
the
beginning
of
“modern
art”.?
在印象派作品的创作初期,它们是饱受争议的,但是如今已被人们接受而成为现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。
what
we
call
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
it的用法(2)
1.— (到底在哪里)
you
picked
up
the
wallet??
—Just
near
the
school
gate.
2.I
must
find
out
(到底为什么)
so
many
students
made
the
same
mistake.?
3.Is
it
(是在你上周参观过的工厂里)
this
kind
of
car
is
made??
4. (是因为恶劣的天气)
the
football
match
had
to
be
put
off.?
Where
was
it
that
why
it
was
that
in
the
factory
you
visited
last
week
that
It
was
because
of
the
bad
weather
that
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
同意与不同意(Agreement
and
disagreement)
1.Exactly./That’s
true./You’re
right./I
agree.(没错。/是那样。/你是对的。/我同意。)
2.I
completely
agree
with
what
you
said
just
now.(我完全同意你刚才说的。)
3.I
don’t
think
he
will
come
here
today.(我认为他今天不会来这儿了。)
4.I’m
afraid
I
disagree
with
you.(恐怕我不能同意你的意见。)
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
责备与埋怨(Blame
and
complaint)
1.I’m
sorry
to
bring
this
up,but...
我很抱歉提及此事,但是……
2.I’m
sorry
to
have
to
say
this,but...
我很抱歉,但是我必须说……
3.They
shouldn’t
have
done
it.他们本不该做这件事。
4.They
are
to
blame.他们应受责备。
5.Perhaps/Maybe
they
should/ought
to...
也许/可能他们应该……
6.Why
don’t
you
do
something
about
it?你为什么不针对此事做点什么呢?
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
如何确定文章的标题
考查文章标题是阅读中常见的题型之一。这类试题的提问方式有:
1.What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
passage?
2.Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
3.Which
of
the
following
can
best
serve
as
the
title
of
the
passage?
在选择标题时,应注意考虑标题的特点:
(1)概括性:短小精悍,言简意赅。
(2)针对性:既能覆盖全文,范围又不大不小。
(3)醒目性:能吸引人的眼球,能让人产生阅读欲望。
在解答这类试题时,既要研究所给的四个选项,又要注意结合文章的写作方法(如有无主题句)和文章主旨要义,做出选择。
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
1.研究所给选项
通过研究备选项的中心词、各选项的修饰语,弄清彼此间的差异、概括范围大小等,将以偏概全的选项逐一排除。
2.略读文章抓大意
略读文章,即重点理解首尾段和各段的首尾句,迅速找出主题句,或根据文章内容概括、归纳主旨要义,然后与所给各个选项对照,看哪个选项与文章大意相符。
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
Nation
May
Hit
Carbon
Emission
Target
in
2025
由于能源转型的努力,中国的碳排放峰值预计将在2025年左右达到,比其在《2030年巴黎协定》的目标提前了五年。中国政府积极推进清洁能源项目和重大生态工程建设,碳减排成效显著。
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
The
peak
in
China’s
carbon
emissions
is
estimated
to
be
hit①
around
2025,five
years
ahead
of
its
2030
Paris
Agreement
target,thanks
to
efforts
made
in
energy
transformation,an
industry
expert
said.
“I
hope
that
with
the
14th
Five-Year
Plan
(2021—2025),China
will
bring
its
carbon
emissions
goal
forward.That
will
be
a
big
step
for
the
world.China
is
credible.It
makes
a
plan
and
usually
achieves
it,”
Lord
Nicholas
Stern,chair
of
the
Grantham
Research
Institute
under
the
London
School
of
Economics
and
Political
Science,said.
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
The
former
chief
economist
at
the
World
Bank
noted
that
in
the
past
five
years,strong
technological
changes
have
taken
place
in
China
and
the
country
has
shown
a
deeper
understanding
of
the
danger
of
unmanaged
climate
change.
“
I
believe
that
achieving
the
goal
ahead
of
2030
is
more
than
possible,”
Stern
said.?
During
the
2015
Paris
Climate
Summit
in
France,the
President
of
China
delivered
a
speech
at
the
opening
ceremony,with
a
promise
that
China’s
carbon
emissions
will
peak
by
2030,when
its
forest
stock
is
estimated
to
be
4.5
billion
cubic
meters
more
than
the
level
of
2005,and
that
China
will
make
greater
effort
to
achieve
the
goal
as
early
as
possible.
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
A
report
released
by
the
Ministry
of
Science
and
Technology
showed
that
the
growth
rate
of
its
carbon
emissions
has
posted②
nearly
zero
growth
since
2013.
The
report
said
that
between
2010
and
2017,the
global
carbon
dioxide
concentration
climbed③
and
its
growth
rate
also
increased.
The
Chinese
government
has
taken
active
steps
such
as
promoting
clean
energy
projects
and
major
ecological
initiatives,achieving
remarkable
results
in
reducing
carbon
emissions.?
“China
has
already
fulfilled
its
promise
to
cut
carbon
emissions
by
40
percent
to
45
percent
compared
to
the
level
of
2005,three
years
earlier
than
planned,”
said
Ma
Aimin,deputy
director
of
the
National
Center
for
Climate
Change
Strategy
and
International
Cooperation
under
the
Ministry
of
Ecology
and
Environment.
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
Stern
said
China
now
leads
the
world
in
many
aspects
such
as
rail
transport
and
digital
systems.The
next
step
is
to
take
advantage
of
those
aspects
to
manage
the
energy
system
better.
“China
has
created
in
the
past
20
years
many
potential
advantages,and
it
is
starting
to
use
some
of
them.But
I
think
it
can
use
those
advantages
much
more
quickly
and
strongly,particularly
in
the
energy
sector.China
is
in
a
good
place
to
put
these
advantages
to
work,”
he
said.
The
14th
Five-Year
Plan
will
underscore
the
importance
of
the
clean
and
efficient
use
of
fossil
fuels.It
will
require
that
by
2030,non-fossil
energy
will
account
for
20
percent
of
primary
energy
consumption.
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
“Through
the
14th
Five-Year
Plan,China
can
step
into
the
absolute
reduction
of
carbon
emissions,find
new
ideas
and
alternatives,and
lay
the
foundation
for
a
long-term
goal,”
said
Wang
Yi,deputy
head
of
the
Institutes
of
Science
and
Development
under
the
Chinese
Academy
of
Sciences.
“The
plan
is
critical④
for
China’s
carbon
emissions
goal.It
is
important
that
China’s
carbon
emissions
will
start
to
decrease
during
the
plan
period,”
Stern
said.?
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
熟词生义
1.hit
[h?t]
v.打击;袭击;碰撞
2.post
[p??st]
v.张贴;公布;邮递;布置
3.climb
[kla?m]
v.攀登;爬;登山;上升
4.critical
[?kr?t?kl]
adj.关键的;严重的;极重要的
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
拓展阅读
典句欣赏
1.I
believe
that
achieving
the
goal
ahead
of
2030
is
more
than
possible...
我相信在2030年之前实现这一目标是非常有可能的……
2.The
Chinese
government
has
taken
active
steps
such
as
promoting
clean
energy
projects
and
major
ecological
initiatives,achieving
remarkable
results
in
reducing
carbon
emissions.
中国政府积极推进清洁能源项目和重大生态举措,在减少碳排放方面取得显著成效。
3.It
is
important
that
China’s
carbon
emissions
will
start
to
decrease
during
the
plan
period...
在计划期内,中国的碳排放量将开始减少,这一点很重要……
