(共71张PPT)
Unit
2
Robots
【文章导语】Scientists
have
created
a
set
of
robotic
arms,which
can
cook
meals
for
us.Besides,they
can
wash
dishes
and
find
hidden
danger
like
a
fire.What
a
wonderful
invention!
科学家发明了一套机器人手臂,可以做饭。此外,它们可以洗碗,也可以发现潜在的危险,如火灾。多么棒的发明!
British
scientists
have
invented
a
set
of
robotic
arms.They
can
cook
meals
for
you.The
device
will
be
sold
in
2017.The
price
is
about
￡10,000.It
includes
an
oven,a
hob(炉盘),a
dishwasher
and
a
sink.
Scientists
spent
almost
18
years
developing
the
hands.Each
hand
is
governed
by
24
motors,26
micro-controllers
and
129
sensors.The
arms
can
chop
and
stir
to
recreate
almost
anything
you
would
like
to
eat.The
food
may
be
a
simple
home-cooked
supper,or
a
wonderful
dinner
designed
by
a
world-class
chef.
The
hands
move
a
little
slowly.Whenever
they
aren’t
busy,they
may
hang
strangely
above
the
work
surface.They
can
imitate
human
movements
such
as
wiping
a
spoon
on
the
edge
of
a
pan
to
prevent
drips.The
arms
will
tuck
up(卷起来)
when
not
in
use,making
space
for
their
owners.
People
can
train
the
robotic
arms
to
cook
their
favourite
family
recipes
by
showing
them
a
few
times
while
wearing
high-tech
gloves
and
wrist-bands.
Users
will
also
be
able
to
“order”
dinner
on
their
way
home,or
breakfast
when
they
wake
up,using
an
app
on
their
smart
phones.Choosing
recipes
depends
on
the
food
materials
at
home.They
will
also
be
able
to
choose
dishes
based
on
their
nutritional
contents.
The
cook
chef
has
emergency
equipment
in
case
there’s
a
fire.All
the
things
which
are
possible
with
robotic
hands
are
possible
here.There
is
no
limitation.This
invention
will
create
an
opportunity
for
people
to
enjoy
good
food
at
a
reasonable
price.
译文
英国科学家发明了一套机器人手臂。它们能为你做饭。这套装置将于2017年投放市场出售。价格大约为一万英镑。它包括一个炉灶,一个炉盘,一个洗碟机和一个水槽。
研发这套机器人手臂,科学家们用了18年时间。每只手由24个马达、26个微控制器和129个传感器共同控制。这些手臂可以切和搅拌,几乎能制作出你想吃的任何东西。这些食物可以是简单的家常便饭,也可以是世界级厨师设计的精美大餐。
这些手臂活动有些慢。当不忙的时候,它们会奇怪地在工作台上方悬挂起来。它们会模仿人类的活动,如在锅沿上擦勺子以防止滴水。当不使用的时候,这些手臂可以收卷起来,为主人腾出空间。
人们戴着高科技手套和腕带,通过给机器人示范几次,可以训练机器人手臂给家人烹制最喜爱的菜肴。
用户也能使用智能手机上的客户端,在回家的路上“预订”晚餐,或醒来时“预订”早饭。根据家里现成的食材选择食谱,他们也能根据营养成分做菜。
这种厨师也有应急设备以防火灾。所有机器人手能做的在这里都能做到。没什么限制。这种发明可以为人们以合理的价格吃上可口的饭菜创造了机会。
典句欣赏
1.People
can
train
the
robotic
arms
to
cook
their
favorite
family
recipes
by
showing
them
a
few
times
while
wearing
high-tech
gloves
and
wrist-bands.
人们戴着高科技手套和腕带,通过给机器人示范几次,可以训练机器人手臂给家人烹制最喜爱的菜肴。
2.Users
will
also
be
able
to
“order”
dinner
on
their
way
home,or
breakfast
when
they
wake
up,using
an
app
on
their
smart
phones.
用户也可以使用智能手机上的客户端,在回家的路上“预订”晚餐或醒来时“预订”早饭。
理解诱思
1.The
robotic
arms
can
do
all
the
following
except
.?
A.cooking
meals
B.chopping
meat
C.tucking
up
D.eating
meals
答案:D
2.Would
you
like
to
buy
such
robotic
arms
for
your
family?Why?
答案:
Yes,because
they
can
prepare
us
nutritional
dishes
and
save
us
much
trouble
as
well.
Section
Ⅰ
—
Warming
Up,Pre-reading,
Reading
&
Comprehending
一
二
三
四
一、词义匹配
A B
1.fiction a.beautiful
or
attractive
2.satisfaction
b.completely
foolish
or
unreasonable
3.elegant
c.the
feeling
of
being
sorry
for
someone
who
is
in
a
bad
situation
4.absurd
d.books
and
stories
about
imaginary
people
and
events
5.scan
e.to
examine
an
area
carefully
but
quickly
6.sympathy
f.a
feeling
of
happiness
or
pleasure
答案:1.d 2.f 3.a 4.b 5.e 6.c
一
二
三
四
二、猜词拼写
1.
a
strong
hope
or
wish
?
2.
a
feeling
of
fear
or
worry
because
something
bad
or
dangerous
might
happen
?
3.
support,approval
or
agreement
for
something?
4.
to
go
somewhere
with
someone
?
5.
very
bad
or
unpleasant
?
6.
to
state
officially
and
publicly
that
something
is
true?
desire
alarm
favour
accompany
awful
declare
一
二
三
四
三、阅读课文SATISFACTION
GUARANTEED,然后选择正确答案
1.Why
did
Claire
feel
alarmed
at
the
sight
of
Tony?
A.Because
he
was
a
robot.
B.Because
she
didn’t
like
him.
C.Because
he
was
more
like
a
human
than
a
machine.
D.Because
he
never
changed
his
facial
expressions.
答案C
一
二
三
四
2.Why
did
Claire
buy
the
items
from
the
shop?
A.Her
husband
was
to
return.
B.Tony
was
to
leave
recently.
C.Tony
wanted
the
house
transformed.
D.She
thought
she
needed
them.
答案C
3.Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
the
reason
why
Tony
opened
the
curtains?
A.To
let
other
women
see
everything.
B.To
show
the
risk
of
Claire’s
marriage.
C.To
let
other
women
envy
Claire.
D.To
make
Claire
confident
just
like
her
neighbour.
答案B
一
二
三
四
4.What
kind
of
robot
was
Tony
according
to
the
text?
A.Tony
was
ugly
and
active.
B.Tony
was
elegant
and
short.
C.Tony
was
capable
and
helpful.
D.Tony
was
rude
and
serious.
答案C
5.The
passage
mainly
tells
us
.?
A.the
robot’s
facial
expressions
couldn’t
change
like
people
B.the
robot
could
do
everything
that
man
can
C.an
experiment
tested
out
by
the
household
robot
Tony
D.an
experiment
where
a
household
robot
was
tested
out
答案D
一
二
三
四
四、下面一段文章是课文原文的浓缩。请仔细阅读并结合课文内容将其补充完整
A
robot
used
for
housework
was
tested
1.
in
a
family.He
looked
like
a
tall
and
handsome
man
with
smooth
black
hair,2. (speak)
in
a
deep
voice.Larry
was
going
to
be
away
from
home
so
he
hired
such
a
robot
3. (accompany)
his
wife
Claire.Claire
didn’t
like
the
idea
in
the
beginning,but
she
agreed
to
it
at
last.At
her
first
sight
of
Tony,Claire
4.
(alarm).When
Tony
offered
to
help
dressing,Claire
felt
embarrassed.
out
speaking
to
accompany
was
alarmed
一
二
三
四
5. (gradual),Tony
began
to
win
Claire’s
trust.He
helped
Claire
realise
her
dreams
6.
making
her
home
elegant,giving
her
7.
new
haircut,changing
the
makeup
she
wore
and
giving
her
advice
on
her
dresses.Therefore,at
the
party
all
the
guests
8.
were
invited
were
filled
with
9. (admire)
when
they
saw
her
house
completely
changed.After
the
test,the
company
was
satisfied
with
Tony’s
report
because
he
had
successfully
made
a
woman
regain
her
10. (confident).?
Gradually
by
a
who/that
admiration
confidence
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Do
you
think
it
is
possible
for
a
robot
to
have
its
own
needs
and
desires?(P10)
你认为一个机器人可能会有自己的需求和愿望吗?
★考点 desire
n.渴望,欲望
①I
have
no
desire
to
discuss
the
matter
further.
我不想再谈此事。
②I
had
a
strong
desire
to
reach
in
and
play
with
the
toy,but
was
held
back
thankfully
by
the
shop
window.
我特想把手伸进去玩那个玩具,但幸好被橱窗挡住了。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下面的句子,体会desire的词性及含义。
③We
all
desire
health
and
happiness.
词性
动词 含义
渴望
(2)阅读下列句子,归纳desire的用法。
④Often
we
have
a
prepared
list
in
mind
and
wonder,as
we
listen,how
we
can
achieve
certain
desired
results
to
get
the
conversation
over
as
quickly
as
possible.
归纳
desired在句中作定语,此处意为渴望的;想得到的。
⑤She
desires
that
it
should
not
be
mentioned
for
the
present.
归纳
desire后加宾语从句要用虚拟语气,,从句谓语用should
do,should可以省略。?
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
desire用作动词时,其后可以接动词不定式作宾语,但不可接动词-ing形式;desire也不用于进行时态。
①误:He
desires
going
at
once.
正:He
desires
to
go
at
once.
他很想马上走。
②误:She
is
desiring
to
see
you.
正:She
desires
to
see
you.
她渴望见到你。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
It
was
going
to
be
tested
out
by
Larry’s
wife,Claire.(P11)
这项试验将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来尝试。
★考点 test
out试验
①This
new
kind
of
medicine
is
tested
out
on
animals
first.
这种新药首先被用在动物身上做试验。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,并将它们翻译成汉语。
②Scientists
test
out
theories
by
experiments.
翻译
科学家用实验来检验理论。
③The
long
race
tested
out
the
swimmers’
endurance.
翻译
长距离比赛考验了游泳者的耐力。
(2)阅读下列句子,指出test的词性及含义。
④Do
you
think
George
has
passed
the
driving
test?
词性
名词 含义
测试
⑤She
tested
her
friend’s
honesty.
词性
动词 含义
考验
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
However,when
she
first
saw
the
robot,she
felt
alarmed.(P11)
然而,她初次见到机器人的时候,就感到有点儿吃惊。
★考点 alarm
vt.使警觉;使惊恐;惊动
①Her
high
temperature
alarmed
the
doctors.
她体温很高,使医生有些担心。
②The
sound
of
guns
alarmed
us.
枪声使我们感到惊慌不安。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,体会alarm的词性及含义。
③The
sight
of
the
policemen
alarmed
the
thief.
词性
(及物)动词 含义
使警觉
④He
is
afraid
of
waking
up
late,and
so
he
always
has
an
alarm
on
his
bedside
table.
词性
名词 含义
闹钟
⑤They
were
filled
with
alarm
when
they
saw
the
fire.
词性
名词 含义
惊慌/恐
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(2)阅读下列句子,指出alarm的相关短语及意义。
⑥As
soon
as
he
saw
the
smoke,he
sounded/raised/gave
the
alarm.
短语
sound/raise/give
the
alarm 意义
发警报?
⑦Many
people
took
the
alarm
at
the
news
of
the
nuclear
leak.
短语
take
the
alarm
at 意义
对……感到吃惊,因……而惊恐?
⑧We
were
alarmed
by/at
a
sudden
shriek.
短语
be
alarmed
at/by... 意义
被……吓一跳?
⑨“What’s
up?”
he
asked
in
alarm.
短语
in
alarm 意义
惊恐地?
(3)同源词汇拓展
alarmed
adj.感到恐慌的;感到担忧的
alarming
adj.令人担忧的;令人恐慌的
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
[温馨提示]
汉语的“报警”,英语是give/raise
the
alarm;“接到报警后采取行动”用take
the
alarm。
On
hearing
the
air-raid
alarm,he
took
the
alarm.
一听到空袭报警,他马上采取行动。
sound/raise/give
the
alarm发警报
take
the
alarm
at
对……感到吃惊;因……而惊慌
be
alarmed
at/by被……吓一跳
in
alarm惊恐地
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
As
a
favour
Tony
promised
to
help
Claire
make
herself
smarter
and
her
home
more
elegant.(P11)
托尼为让克莱尔高兴,答应帮助她,让她更漂亮,让她的家变得更高雅。
★考点 favour
n.喜爱;恩惠
①These
goods
enjoy
growing
favour
among
the
customers.
这些货物越来越受顾客的欢迎。
②A
mother
must
not
show
favour
to
one
child
more
than
another.
母亲不能偏爱一个孩子胜过另一个孩子。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,指出favour的词性及含义。
③Could
you
do
me
a
favour
and
pick
up
Sam
from
school
today?
词性
名词 含义
帮忙
④The
other
view
—
the
one
I
favour
—
is
that
economics
is
an
approach
to
understanding
behaviour.
词性
动词 含义
喜爱,喜欢
⑤The
government
favours
the
plan.
词性
动词 含义
支持;赞成
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(2)关于favour的联想拓展
in
favour
of赞成,主张
do
sb.a
favour帮某人一个忙
favourable
adj.赞许的;称赞的;同意的
favoured
adj.受到优待的;受宠的;得到偏爱的
favourite
adj.最喜欢的 n.最喜爱的东西
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
As
he
was
not
allowed
to
accompany
her
to
the
shops,he
wrote
out
a
list
of
items
for
her.(P11)
因为不允许托尼陪克莱尔去商店,所以托尼就给她写了一份购物清单。
剖析as用作连词,引导一个原因状语从句。
★考点 accompany
vt.陪伴;伴奏
①She
asked
to
accompany
us
home.
她要送我们回家。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,归纳accompany的用法。
②John
has
decided
to
accompany
me
on
my
trip
to
India.
归纳
accompany
sb.on
sth.陪某人一起做某事
③The
old
teacher
was
accompanied
by
his
students
to
the
hospital.
归纳
accompany
sb.to
sp.陪某人去某个地方
注意
accompany用作动词时意为“陪同……去……”(go
with...),本身已包含了go的含义,因而不能再与go连用。
④The
singer
was
accompained
on/at
the
piano
by
his
pupil.
归纳
accompany
sb.on/at...用……给某人伴奏(sb.be
accompanied
on/at,此时accompany的主语是表示人的名词或代词)
⑤He
accompanied
his
speech
with
gestures.
归纳
accompany
sth.with
sth.……与……同时存在
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9
(2)accompany
还常表示“伴随,伴着”。
accompanist
n.伴奏者
company
n.同伴;客人;公司;戏剧团
keep
sb.company
陪伴某人
companion
n.
同伴,伙伴;手册;指南
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2
3
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5
6
7
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9
accompany本身已含有“陪同去”之意,后面通常不加to
go或to
visit等,以避免语义重复。
误:I
shall
accompany
him
to
visit
Paris.
正:I
shall
accompany
him
to
Paris.
[温馨提示]accompany是正式用语,在口语里通常用see代替,如see
you
to
the
door,see
you
home等。另外,accompany是及物动词,其后不能再加with,即不能说accompany
with
my
mother。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
accompany
sb.on
sth.陪某人一起做某事
accompany
sb.on/at...用……给某人伴奏
accompany
sb.to...陪某人去(某地)
accompany
sth.with
sth.与……同时存在
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
When
the
clerk
at
the
counter
was
rude
to
her,she
rang
Tony
up
and
told
the
clerk
to
speak
to
him.(P11)
柜台的售货员对她很粗鲁,她就打电话给托尼,让售货员同托尼讲话。
★考点 ring
up给……打电话
①Last
evening
I
was
rung
up
by
an
old
friend
whom
I
had
not
heard
of
for
years.
昨晚一位老朋友打电话给我,我多年来没听到他的消息了。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出ring的相关短语及意义。
②I
have
to
ring
off
now
because
my
friend
is
waiting
for
me.
短语
ring
off 意义
挂断电话?
③She
promised
to
ring
back
hours
ago,but
I
haven’t
received
her
call
up
to
now.
短语
ring
back 意义
回电话?
ring
up中up是副词,若遇人称代词作宾语时,应把人称代词置于ring与up之间。
误:He
rang
up
her.
正:He
rang
her
up.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
ring
up给……打电话
ring
off挂断电话
ring
back回电话
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
As
she
turned
around,there
stood
Gladys
Claffern.(P11)
她刚一转过身,就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。
★考点一 句型
there
stood...
剖析句中there
stood...为倒装句,其后的Gladys
Claffern为句子的主语。
①There
stands
a
tall
tree
in
front
of
our
class.
我们教室前面长着一棵大树。
当there,here,out,in,up,down,then等副词位于句首,且句子的主语是名词时,句子要用完全倒装语序。这时,谓语动词常用一般现在时或者一般过去时,而不用进行时态。
②Here
are
some
letters
for
you.
这里有你几封信。
③In
came
a
man
with
a
white
beard.
忽然进来一个白胡子老头。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
★考点二 turn
round/around=turn
about转向;回转;转身
④I
turned
around
and
saw
Jane
was
sitting
directly
behind
me.我一转身,就看见简正坐在我的后面。
Do
you
think
our
housing
sales
will
turn
round
during
this
year?你认为今年我们的住房销售情况会好转吗?
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出turn的相关短语及意义。
⑤She
turned
down
the
job
offer
because
she
wanted
a
high
pay.
短语
turn
down
意义
拒绝?
⑥While
both
men
and
women
tend
to
focus
on
rewards
and
less
on
consequences
under
stress,their
responses
to
risk
turn
out
to
be
different.
短语
turn
out
(to
be) 意义
结果是,证明是?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
⑦He
turned
the
business
over
to
his
daughter.
短语
turn
over
意义
移交?
⑧Please
turn
to
the
police
for
help
when
you
are
in
trouble.
短语
turn
to
意义
求助于?
⑨He
promised
that
he
would
come,but
he
hasn’t
turned
up
yet.
短语
turn
up 意义
出现?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
turn
round/around转向;回转
turn
down拒绝;把(音量)调小/低
turn
out(to
be)结果是;证明是
turn
over移交;倾覆
turn
to求助于
turn
up出现;把(音量)调大
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
She
cried
out
“Tony”
and
then
heard
him
declare
that
he
didn’t
want
to
leave
her
the
next
day
and
that
he
felt
more
than
just
the
desire
to
please
her.(P11)
她大喊了声“托尼”,接着听见他一本正经地说,他不想第二天离开她,而且,他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。
★考点一 并列宾语从句中that的省略
剖析句中declare后有两个宾语从句,用and连接。其中,第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略,而第二个that不可以省略。
①She
said(that)
she
would
come,and
that
she
would
bring
her
child.
她说她会来,而且会把她的孩子带来。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
★考点二 declare
vt.
表明;声称
②The
law
passed
in
Michigan
was
declared
too
late.
密歇根州通过的这项法律宣布得太晚了。
③Some
scientists
declare
that
most
of
our
fatigue(疲劳)comes
from
our
mental
and
emotional
attitudes.
一些科学家声称我们的大部分疲劳来自于精神和情感态度。
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下面句子,体会黑体单词的词性及含义。
④The
United
States
declared
its
independence
from
Britain
in
1776.
词性
动词 含义
宣布
⑤Fighting
has
started
without
declaration
of
war.
词性
名词 含义
宣布
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(2)阅读下列句子,指出declare的相关短语及意义。
⑥Officials
declared
Jackson(to
be/as)the
winner
of
the
race.
短语
declare...(to
be/as)... 意义
宣布……为……?
⑦Parades
decided
to
declare
for
federation.
短语
declare
for 意义
声明赞成……?
⑧When
they
asked
him
for
his
opinion,he
declared
strongly
against
the
policy.
短语
declare
against... 意义
声明反对……?
declare后不能跟to
do不定式作宾语。
误:He
declared
to
be
right.
正:He
declared
himself
to
be/as
right.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
declare...(to
be/as)宣布……为……
declare
for声明赞成……
declare
against
声明反对……
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
She
shouted
“Leave
me
alone”
and
ran
to
her
bed.(P12)
她喊道:“让我独自待一会儿!”然后跑上了床。
★考点 leave...alone让……一个人待着
①They
leave
their
daughter
alone
in
the
house
on
weekdays.
工作日他们把女儿独自留在家中。
②He
was
in
anger
and
left
him
alone
for
a
while.
他生气了,让他自己待一会儿。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,指出短语leave...alone的意义。
③Leave
her
alone
and
she
will
be
better.
意义
别管,别惹
④She
asked
to
be
left
alone,but
the
reporters
followed
her
everywhere.
意义
勿打扰……
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(2)阅读下列句子,指出leave的相关短语及意义。
⑤I
left
for
the
land
of
warmth
and
vitamin
C,thinking
of
beaches
and
orange
trees.
短语
leave
for... 意义
动身到……?
⑥It
was
careless
of
him
to
leave
out
an
important
detail.
短语
leave
out 意义
遗漏,省略?
⑦Let’s
leave
aside
the
matter
for
a
moment.
短语
leave
aside 意义
搁置一边,不考虑?
(3)辨析leave和forget:
leave
sth.“把某物遗忘在某地”,可与地点状语连用。
forget
sth.“忘记某事/物”,不与地点状语连用。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
leave
alone别管;别惹;让……一个人待着;勿打扰
leave
for动身到……
leave
out遗漏;省略
leave
aside搁置一边;不考虑
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
一
二
三
一、写作词汇检测
根据每一组的提示词,完成或者翻译句子。
1.desire
(1)The
President
that
you
should
come
at
once.?
(2)他最想做的事就是去跳舞。
答案:(1)desires (2)His
greatest
desire
is
to
dance.
2.alarm
(1)His
family
raised
the
when
he
had
not
come
home
by
9
pm.?
(2)我们搞不明白是什么使他忧虑不安。
答案:(1)alarm (2)We
could
not
see
what
had
alarmed
him.
一
二
三
3.favour
(1)I
smiled.“We
owed
you
a
,”
I
said.?
(2)但是你必须表示对他们的支持。
答案:(1)favour (2)But
you
must
show
them
favour.
4.declare
(1)He
turned
up
in
northern
Cyprus,
himself
happy
to
be
home.?
(2)你有什么东西要申报吗?
答案:(1)declaring (2)Do
you
have
anything
to
declare?
5.leave...alone
(1)
me
.I
want
to
sleep.?
(2)那条狗不肯放过这只猫。
答案:(1)Leave;alone (2)That
dog
won’t
leave
the
cat
alone.
一
二
三
6.(accompany,shop)
答案:On
Mother’s
Day,the
girl
accompanied
her
mother
to
the
shop
to
buy
a
dress.
一
二
三
二、阅读词汇检测
阅读下列句子,指出画线单词的含义。
1.Some
of
the
tourists
began
to
put
on
aprons
and
learn
cuisine .?
答案:围裙;烹饪
2.The
nobles
changed
the
simple
folk
dances
into
elegant
formal
dances.?
答案:优雅的
3.I
scanned
the
newspapers
and
found
the
news
that
the
workers
received
bonuses
at
the
end
of
the
year.?
答案:浏览;奖金
一
二
三
4.A
diamond
necklace
was
delivered
to
the
girl
who
is
overweight
.?
答案:项链;过胖的
5.It
is
absurd
to
bite
fingernails
sitting
in
an
armchair
.?
答案:可笑的;手指甲;扶手椅
一
二
三
三、单句填空
1.The
school
is
experimenting
new
teaching
methods.?
答案:with
2.The
little
boy
tried
to
reach
the
stick
but
could
not
get
it.?
答案:for
3.He
was
punished
because
he
was
rude
his
teacher.?
答案:to
4.When
you
learn
to
ride
a
bicycle,you
will
often
fall
.?
答案:off
一
二
三
5.I’m
pleased
the
way
things
go.?
答案:with
6.Hearing
the
news,Joseph
shook
with
(angry).?
答案:anger
7.I
fell
in
love
with
Amsterdam
the
first
time
I
(visit)
the
city.?
答案:visited
8.The
woman
with
a
necklace
her
neck
was
a
friend
of
Mary’s.?
答案:around(共45张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ
—
Learning
about
Language,
Using
Language,Summing
Up
&
Learning
Tip
一
二
三
一、写作词汇
预习该部分词汇,完成下列小对话或语段。
1.—How
many
people
are
there
in
the
hall?
—About
800
people
(总共).?
2.—Why
did
Max
die?
—He
was
an
old
dog,dear.It
(注定会)
happen
one
day.?
3.—How
old
is
your
brother?
—Fifteen.He
is
three
years
(较年轻的)
to
me.?
4.—John
danced
well
tonight.
—Yes.He
showed
a
(天赋)
for
dancing
at
an
early
age.?
in
all
was
bound
to
junior
talent
一
二
三
5.The
woman
had
to
(顺从)
her
parents
and
(与……离婚)
her
husband.?
6.The
boss
always
(节省)
adequate
money
to
hand
out
bonuses
to
the
(员工).However,he
forbids
them
to
do
(兼职的)
jobs.?
obey
divorced
sets
aside
staff
part-time
一
二
三
二、阅读词汇
预习该部分词汇,并写出画线部分的汉语意思。
Xiao
Hui
is
a
famous
writer
on
biography
1.
,but
her
major
in
college
was
biochemistry
2. .While
in
college,she
had
a
dream
of
joining
the
navy
3. .For
some
reason,this
dream
didn’t
come
true.Later,she
had
a
great
affection
4.
for
writing
and
succeeded
at
last.?
She
also
takes
pictures
with
her
digital
5.
camera
for
her
books.Sometimes
she
puts
some
of
the
pictures
in
the
mailbox
6.
and
the
postman
will
post
them.?
Now
she
has
twelve
books
published.
传记文学
生物化学
海军
喜爱
数码的
信箱
一
二
三
三、阅读A
BIOGRAPHY
OF
I
SAAC
ASIMOV,选择最佳答案
1.The
writer
wrote
this
passage
to
.?
A.show
us
how
Asimov
became
famous
B.introduce
Asimov,a
great
American
scientist
and
writer
to
readers
C.tell
us
Asimov
had
a
talent
for
writing
D.tell
us
something
about
Asimov’s
early
life
答案B
2.We
can
infer
from
the
passage
that
.?
A.Asimov
was
a
Russian
scientist
B.Asimov
died
in
Russia
C.Asimov
was
a
person
with
a
talent
for
writing
and
ambition
for
work
D.Asimov
didn’t
live
a
happy
life
with
his
second
wife
答案C
一
二
三
3.Which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
true?
A.Asimov
died
at
the
age
of
seventy-two.
B.Asimov
was
once
a
biochemistry
teacher
at
Boston
University
School
of
Medicine.
C.He
divorced
when
he
was
forty-three.
D.The
Foundation
trilogy
was
an
award
given
to
Asimov.
答案D
一
二
三
4.Which
is
the
correct
order
of
the
following
events?
a.lived
in
Russia
b.divorced
his
first
wife
c.died
of
an
HIV
infection
d.moved
to
New
York
e.got
his
PhD
in
chemistry
f.published
his
first
novel
g.started
working
part-time
in
the
candy
store
h.became
a
full-time
writer
A.a→d→g→e→f→h→b→c
B.d→e→a→c→f→g→h→b
C.d→a→c→e→g→f→h→b
D.a→e→g→h→b→f→d→c
答案A
1
2
3
4
5
He
felt
happy
when
his
boss
stated
that
he
could
set
aside
some
time
for
exercise.(P13)
当他的老板说他可以节省一些时间进行锻炼的时候,他感到很高兴。
剖析when引导时间状语从句,主句为He
felt
happy;同时,在when时间状语从句中,含有一个that引导的从句,作动词stated的宾语。
★考点 set
aside
节省或保留(钱或时间)
①She
sets
aside
five
hours
a
week
to
learn
French.
她每星期留出5个小时的时间来学法语。
②We
try
and
set
aside
a
bit
of
money
every
week.
我们设法每星期存一点钱。
1
2
3
4
5
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下列句子,指出set
aside的意义。?
③In
much
of
the
animal
world,night
is
the
time
set
aside
for
sleep
—
pure
and
simple.
意义
留出
④This
problem
is
a
little
difficult
so
we
should
set
it
aside.
意义
把/将……放在一边
(2)阅读下列句子,指出set的相关短语及意义。
⑤I
don’t
want
to
set
down
a
series
of
facts
in
a
diary
as
most
people
do.
短语
set
down 意义
记下?
⑥I
think
we
ought
to
set
off
at
7:00
while
the
roads
are
empty.
短语
set
off 意义
出发,动身,起程?
1
2
3
4
5
⑦I
hope
I’ll
set
up
my
own
business
someday.
短语
set
up 意义
开办,建立?
⑧They
set
out
for
Britain
yesterday.
短语
set
out
(for) 意义
动身,出发?
⑨We
set
about(doing)our
task
at
once
with
great
enthusiasm.
短语
set
about
(doing)sth. 意义
着手(做)某事?
1
2
3
4
5
set
aside
节省或保留(钱或时间);将……放在一边;留出
set
down记下;写下
set
off出发,动身;起程
set
up开办,建立
set
out动身;出发;开始
set
about(doing)
sth.着手(做)某事
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
In
1942
he
joined
the
staff
of
the
Philadelphia
Navy
Yard
as
a
junior
chemist
and
worked
there
for
three
years.(P16)
1942年他成为费城海军造船厂的一名初级化学师,并在那里工作了三年。
★考点一 junior
adj.地位较低的,资历较浅的
①He
is
junior
to
me
in
the
firm.
在公司里,他的职位比我低。
1
2
3
4
5
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出junior的词性和含义。
②She
ranks
as
my
junior
in
the
clan.
词性
名词 含义
晚辈
③She
is
3
years
my
junior.
词性
名词 含义
年少者
④This
boy
is
six
years
junior
to
me.
词性
形容词 含义
年轻的
[温馨提示]在美国英语中,父子同名时,名字后加Junior(缩略为Jr.)指儿子;两人同名时,名字后加Junior,指年幼的那个。
1
2
3
4
5
在junior后加to(不用than),表示“比……年轻……”。
误:She
is
five
years
junior
than
he.
正:She
is
five
years
junior
to
him.
1
2
3
4
5
★考点二 staff
n.全体员工;职工(常与the连用)
⑤The
hotel
staff
are
very
friendly.
旅馆的员工非常友善。
考点延伸?
阅读下面的句子,体会staff的词性及含义。
⑥He
could
hardly
hold
his
staff.
词性
名词 含义
拐杖
⑦They
staffed
the
school
with
excellent
teachers.
词性
动词 含义
为……配备工作人员
[温馨提示]在英式英语中staff可指“全体员工”,作主语时,若着重于整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若着重于个体,谓语动词用复数形式。在美式英语中,谓语动词用单数。如:
The
editorial
staff
is
excellent.全体编辑人员是一流的。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
3.It
was
when
Asimov
was
eleven
years
old
that
his
talent
for
writing
became
obvious.(P16)
早在阿西莫夫十一岁的时候他的写作才华就已经显露出来了。
剖析这是一个强调句,强调了时间状语when
Asimov
was
eleven
years
old。该句可还原为Asimov’s
talent
for
writing
became
obvious
when
he
was
eleven
years
old.。
★考点 talent
n.才能,才干
①【高考典句】(2019·北京)With
her
talent
and
determination,it
appears
that
the
sky
could
be
the
limit
for
Alice
Moore.
凭借她的才能和决心,爱丽丝·摩尔似乎前途无量。
1
2
3
4
5
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下面的句子,体会画线单词的词性及含义。
②You’ve
got
lots
of
talent.
词性
(不可数)名词 含义
才华
③Mary
has
natural
acting
talents.
词性
(可数)名词 含义
才能
[温馨提示]talent作“才能”,“才华”讲时,可用作可数或不可数名词,应视情况选用。
试比较下面两句话:
a.He
is
a
man
of
great
talent.
他是个有才华的人。
b.He
is
a
man
with
many
talents.
他是个多才多艺的人。
1
2
3
4
5
④He
is
a
very
talented
man.
词性
形容词 含义
有天赋的,有才的
(2)阅读下面的句子,指出talent的相关短语及意义。
⑤He
had
a
great
talent
for
describing
the
English
character.
短语
have
a(great)
talent
for 意义
有……的才能?
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
Soon
after
his
divorce
in
1973,Asimov
married
again...(P16)
在1973年离婚后不久,阿西莫夫再婚了……
★考点 divorce
n.离婚
①After
the
divorce
she
moved
to
her
mother’s
old
home.
离婚后她搬到她母亲的故居去住。
1
2
3
4
5
考点延伸?
(1)阅读下面的句子,体会divorce的词性及含义。
②He
married
five
times
and
divorced
five
times.
词性
(不及物)动词 含义
离婚
③It
is
hard
to
divorce
love
and
duty
in
one’s
mind.
=It
is
hard
to
divorce
love
from
duty
in
one’s
mind.
词性
(及物)动词 含义
把……和……分开
④They
favoured
the
divorce
of
church
and
state.
词性
名词 含义
断绝关系;分开
1
2
3
4
5
(2)阅读下列句子,指出divorce的相关短语及意义。
⑤Jack
wants
to
get
a
divorce
from
his
wife.
短语
get
a
divorce
from
sb. 意义
与某人离婚?
⑥He
was
completely
divorced
from
reality.
短语
be
divorced
from... 意义
与……脱离?
⑦Mary
divorced
herself
from
his
husband
last
month.
短语
divorce...from... 意义
使……与……离婚/脱离
divorce通常不与表示一段的时间状语连用。
误:They
have
divorced
for
three
years.
正:They
divorced
three
years
ago.
正:It
is
three
years
since
they
divorced.
他们离婚已经三年了。
1
2
3
4
5
get
a
divorce
from
sb.与某人离婚
be/get
divorced
from与……脱离/分开
divorce...from...使……与……离婚/脱离关系
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
A
robot
must
obey
the
orders
given
to
it
by
human
beings...(P18)
机器人必须听从人类发给它的指令……
★考点 obey
vt.&vi.服从;顺从
①You
must
obey
your
parents.你应该顺从父母。
②Soldiers
are
trained
to
obey
orders.
军人受过服从命令的培训。
考点延伸?
阅读下面的句子,体会画线部分的词性及含义。
③She
disobeyed
the
school
rules.
词性
动词 含义
违抗;违令
④He
said
he
would
obey
without
question.
词性
(不及物)动词 含义
服从
1
2
3
4
5
obey后不可接带不定式的复合结构。
误:He
obeyed
his
mother
to
do
his
homework.
正:He
obeyed
his
mother
and
went
to
do
his
homework.
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
一
二
三
一、写作词汇检测
A.根据每一组词的提示词,完成或翻译句子。
1.affection
(1)We
were
all
deeply
by
her
sudden
death.?
(2)他非常喜爱中国民间艺术。
答案:(1)affected (2)He
has
a
great
affection
for
Chinese
folk
art.
2.bound
他注定成为一名优秀的音乐家。
答案:He
was
bound
to
become
an
excellent
musician.
3.talent
(1)John
is
the
most
member
of
the
staff.?
(2)他的才华浪费在了乏味的工作上了。
答案:(1)talented (2)His
talents
were
wasted
in
the
boring
work.
一
二
三
B.根据汉语提示,完成下列句子。
4.We
try
and
(节省)$200
(总计)
every
month.?
答案:set
aside;in
all
5.The
boy,who
is
two
months
(小)
to
me,will
attend
a
(盛大的)
ceremony
at
the
Palace.?
答案:junior;grand
一
二
三
C.根据图画以及所给词语造句。
6.
(divorce)
答案:They
got
divorced
the
day
they
got
married.
7.
(obey,traffic
rules)
答案:Everyone
should
obey
the
traffic
rules.
一
二
三
二、阅读词汇检测
阅读下列句子,指出画线单词的含义。
1.On
a
digital
watch
the
time
is
shown
in
numbers.?
答案:数字的
2.The
builders
have
just
finished
the
framework
of
the
house.?
答案:框架
3.Biochemistry
explains
the
chemical
changes
that
take
place
in
the
body.?
答案:生物化学
一
二
三
4.My
uncle
has
written
a
biography
of
George
Smith,including
five
chapters
.He
describes
George
Smith
as
a
holy
spirit
and
sings
high
praise
for
his
theoretical
science.?
答案:传记;章;神圣的;理论上的
一
二
三
三、选词填空
1.Theory
practice
and
in
turn
serves
practice.?
答案:is
based
on
2.As
they
entered
the
forest,they
began
to
a
suitable
camping
spot.?
答案:search
for
at
one
time set
off search
for as
a
result
of give
up
take...seriously be
based
on set
aside in
all
be
bound
to
一
二
三
3.He
told
us
that
he
had
16
subjects
to
learn
this
term.?
答案:in
all
4.He
began
to
political
science
only
when
he
left
school.?
答案:take;seriously
5.
half
the
land
on
the
earth’s
surface
was
covered
by
forest.?
答案:At
one
time
6.Each
week
he
tried
to
a
few
dollars
for
an
overseas
trip.?
答案:set
aside
一
二
三
7.You
have
done
so
much
work
—
you
pass
the
exam.?
答案:are
bound
to
8.In
the
Spring
Festival,you
can
see
children
fireworks
in
the
street.?
答案:setting
off
9.About
21
million
people
died
during
the
1990s
smoking.?
答案:as
a
result
of
10.She
decided
to
her
job
and
start
a
coffee
bar.?
答案:give
up(共21张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ—
Grammar
一
二
三
一、单句填空
1.Larry
persuaded
her
the
robot
wouldn’t
harm
her
or
allow
her
(harm).?
2.Tony
said
that
she
must
feel
very
unhappy
(say)
that.?
3.Claire
thought
it
was
ridiculous
(offer)
sympathy
by
a
robot.?
4.She
felt
her
home
wasn’t
elegant
enough
for
someone
like
Larry
who
wanted
(improve)
his
social
position.?
to
be
harmed
to
say
to
be
offered
to
improve
一
二
三
5.The
robot
was
not
allowed
(accompany)
her
to
the
shops.?
6.Tony
felt
more
than
just
the
desire
(please)
Claire.?
7.What
a
sweet
victory
(envy)
by
those
women!?
8.Asimov
had
an
extraordinary
imagination
that
gave
him
the
ability
(explore)
future
worlds.?
to
accompany
to
please
to
be
envied
to
explore
一
二
三
to
be
given
to
to
be
made
to
study
to
be
finished
二、变式训练
1.This
is
the
book
that
I
will
give
Tom
tomorrow.
This
is
the
book
Tom
tomorrow.?
2.She
is
too
weak.You
shouldn’t
make
her
study
tonight.
She
is
too
weak
tonight.?
3.People
say
that
this
team
will
finish
the
work
next
month.
The
work
is
said
next
month.?
4.He
pretended
that
the
policeman
mistook
him
for
a
thief.
He
pretended
a
thief
by
the
policeman.?
5.I
don’t
expect
that
I
shall
be
disturbed
while
I’m
sleeping.
I
don’t
expect
while
I’m
sleeping.?
to
be
mistaken
for
to
be
disturbed
一
二
三
三、单句改错
1.It
made
us
angry
hear
him
talk
like
that.
?
答案hear
前加to
2.You
don’t
need
be
worrying
about
her.She’s
safe
at
home.
?
答案need后加to
3.We’ll
have
more
meetings
like
this
in
the
few
weeks
to
coming.
?
答案coming→come
一
二
三
4.To
my
surprise,the
boys
are
made
work
day
and
night
in
the
mine.
?
答案work前加to
5.I
happened
to
come
across
the
book
yesterday
morning.
?
答案come前加have
6.He
didn’t
expect
his
book
to
be
so
well
receiving.
?
答案receiving→received
一、被动语态概述
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,表示句子的主语是动作的承受者,也就是动作的对象,一般来说,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
被动语态的构成是:助动词be
+
动词的过去分词。
被动句的时态通过助动词be的变化来体现,它必须与主语的人称和数相一致,其变化规则与连系动词be完全一样。
二、不定式的被动语态
★考点一 不定式的被动语态的形式和用法
单句填空,并指出不定式的形式及用法
①She
is
sent
abroad
to
be
trained(train).?
她被送到国外培训。
不定式的形式
一般式被动 用法
表示在谓语之后发生的一个动作
②She
was
the
first
woman
to
have
been
elected(elect)to
such
a
post.?
她是第一个被选举到这个职位上的女人。
不定式的形式
完成式的被动 用法
表示一个在谓语动作之前完成的动作
归纳
1.当不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式。
2.如果不定式所表示的动作与句子的谓语动词所表示的动作同时或在其后发生,则用to
be
done;如果要表示的动作先于谓语动词的动作,则用完成式即to
have
been
done。
★考点二 不定式被动语态的语法功能
阅读下列句子,指出不定式功能(所作的句子成分)和作用,并译成汉语
①The
chairman
had
to
speak
slowly
to
be
heard
clearly.
功能
作状语 作用
表示一个被动的动作,说明目的
翻译
董事长不得不说得慢点,以便让大家都听清楚。
②He
preferred
to
be
offered
a
hard
task.
功能
作宾语 作用
表示一个被动的动作,说明一件事情
翻译
他喜欢接受艰巨的任务。
③This
is
the
only
car
to
have
been
chosen
in
the
car
exhibition.
功能
作定语 作用
说明被修饰词承受的一个动作,起限制作用
翻译
这辆车是汽车展览会中唯一被选中的。
④It
is
a
pity
to
be
kept
in
the
house
in
such
fine
weather.
功能
作主语 作用
表示一个被动的动作,说明一件事情
翻译
在这样的好天气里被关在家里真是遗憾。
⑤The
examiners
don’t
allow
any
papers
to
be
taken
out
of
the
classroom.
功能
作宾语补足语 作用
表示一个被动的动作,补充说明宾语承受的又一个动作
翻译
主考官们不允许任何考卷被带出教室。
★考点三 不定式被动语态结构中的特殊情况
1.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式可用主动形式也可用被动形式,但含义不同。如果不定式的执行者和句子的主语一致,就用不定式的主动形式;如果不定式的执行者和句子的主语不一致,就用不定式的被动形式。
试比较:
a.Have
you
anything
to
send?(不定式to
send的动作执行者是句子主语“you”)
b.Have
you
anything
to
be
sent?(不定式to
be
sent的动作执行者是“you”外的其他人,如“我”或“别人”)
2.有些动词如want,need,require表示“需要”时,后接不定式的被动形式和接动词-ing的主动形式表达的含义一样。如:
The
radio
needs
fixing
now.
=The
radio
needs
to
be
fixed
now.
这个收音机需要修理。
3.不定式作表语形容词的状语,和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时,不定式多用主动形式,这时形容词后省略了for
sb.,此类形容词有difficult,easy,comfortable,interesting,necessary,important等,即主语+be+adj.+to
do。如:
The
work
is
easy(for
me)
to
do.
=It
is
easy(for
me)
to
do
the
work.
这项工作对我来说容易做。
English
is
important(for
us)
to
master.
=It
is
important(for
us)
to
master
English.
对于我们来说掌握英语很重要。
考点延伸?
比较不定式的被动形式,动词-ing的被动式及过去分词的不同
to
be
done表示将来;
动词-ing的被动形式being
done表示正在进行;
动词的过去分词形式表示发生在过去或已经完成。如:
a.The
building
being
built
over
there
will
be
our
chemistry
lab.(被动动作正在进行)?
在那边正在建造的大楼将会是我们的化学实验室。
b.The
building
to
be
built
next
month
will
be
our
chemistry
lab.(被动动作在将来发生)?
下个月将要建造的大楼将是我们的化学实验室。
c.Having
been
shown
around
the
factory,we
went
to
the
meeting
hall.(被动动作已完成)
我们被领着参观了工厂,然后走进会议厅。
一
二
一、单句改错
1.He
has
enjoyed
high
reputation
since
his
first
book
published.
答案:published前加was
2.It
is
required
that
the
work
finished
in
a
week.
答案:finished前加be
3.Look
at
the
pride
on
his
face.He
seems
to
have
praised
by
the
manager.
答案:have后加been
4.So
far,more
than
300
copies
of
this
magazine
had
been
sold.
答案:had→have
一
二
5.They
are
decorating
the
hall
where
an
evening
party
is
to
be
holding
next
Friday.
答案:holding→held
6.He
was
seen
slide
into
my
room
at
midnight.
答案:seen后加to或slide→sliding
7.Two
thirds
of
the
project
were
finished
by
the
students
independently.
答案:were→was
一
二
二、单句填空
1.My
mother
is
not
easy
(persuade).?
答案:to
persuade
2.The
volunteer
will
show
you
the
right
path
(take).?
答案:to
take
3.They
still
have
many
difficulties
(overcome).?
答案:to
overcome
4.“Are
there
any
more
clothes
(wash)?”asked
Mum.?
答案:to
be
washed
一
二
5.He
asked
(send)
to
that
area
to
help
the
local
people.?
答案:to
be
sent
6.Tom
refused
(accompany)
by
his
mother
to
school.?
答案:to
be
accompanied
7.My
little
brother
should
love
(take)
to
watch
the
new
science
fiction
movie.?
答案:to
be
taken
8.Could
you
please
give
me
something
(eat)??
答案:to
eat(共16张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ
—
Writing
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
如何进行读后续写
读后续写的阅读材料一般为一篇大约350词以内的记叙文。要求考生接着该文的故事情节的发展,续写约150词左右的两个给出段首句的段落,使之与原文构成一个完整的故事。一般来说,阅读材料虽然是一篇不完整的文章,但记叙文浅显易懂,故事情节曲折动人,故事线索的逻辑性强,因此其内容可以延伸。题目要求考生续写的内容往往是故事发展的高潮或结局,或根据前文的内容发表自己的观点或看法。
读后续写既考查考生对所学语言知识的综合运用的能力,又考查考生的发散思维能力和创造力。这就要求考生要读懂已有信息的字面含义,理清文章的脉络,明白故事的发展进程、前因后果、人物特征和情感等。在此基础上,考生按照文章的思路,发挥想象,对故事接下来发展的情节进行合理推测,并用英语表达出来。
学生例文
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
一、精读文章,找出文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路,通过精读文章(考试说明中的样题是记叙文,所以可以推测,考查的主要类型是记叙文,所以下面的方法才成立),找到该篇文章的写作线索,例如什么人(who),什么时间(when),在什么地方(where),因为什么(why),做了什么事儿(what),最后有了什么发展(how)。这样分析有利于考生“顺藤摸瓜”。
二、仔细审题,明确续写要求
一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此短文续写的具体要求,如字数限制、使用关键词语、续写段落的首句提示,这样考生能做到“心中有数”。另外要确定续写部分的词数要求,一般不少于130,否则阅卷时要从总分中扣2分。
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
三、回扣原文,揣摩续写思路
续写时要紧扣所给材料的中心,寻求原文与开头语之间的内在联系,遵循上文明示或暗示的线索,按照材料中人物性格发展的规律,使用与原文风格一致的语言进行续写。想象要合理,情节要连贯。续写段落的主题、人物、线索和语言风格等都要与原文保持一致。设计结局尽量完美,续写内容积极向上,把事物美好的一面展示给读者。
四、拟写草稿,修改错词病句
在确定了写作思路和内容之后,结合提示语,利用自己已有的知识经验,在继承原作风格和语气的基础上,准确、地道地表达要续写的内容。打草稿时,要注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性,衔接词的正确性。时态、人称等也都是检查核对的内容。
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Geoffrey
Bishop,85,tried
to
get
out
of
the
flames
as
he
made
a
slow
getaway
down
the
stairs
of
his
￡600,000
house.His
neighbour
Phil
Hall,58,took
action
and
ran
over
to
the
burning
house
wearing
his
dressing
gown(长袍)
just
before
8
am
on
Monday.He
used
a
hammer
to
make
his
way
into
the
smoke-filled
house
and
discovered
Mr.Bishop
coming
down
the
stairs
on
his
chair
lift.
Mr.Hall
helped
the
old
man
into
his
mobility
scooter
and
grabbed
his
pet
dog
before
the
pair
fled
the
building
as
the
fire
burned
in
the
house.Emergency
services
attended
the
scene
in
Malvern
Wells,Worcestershire,and
the
firefighters
tried
to
put
out
the
fire.
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
Mr.Hall,who
lives
next
door
to
the
old
man,said:“I
grabbed
a
hammer
and
broke
the
glass
in
the
front
door
to
open
the
door,went
upstairs
and
went
into
the
bedroom—but
he
wasn’t
there.He
was
on
his
lift
coming
down.He
was
fine.I
said:‘Come
on,we
have
got
to
get
out.’You
could
hear—in
his
bedroom,the
hall
and
the
back
corner
bedroom—you
could
hear
the
loud
noise
of
the
burning.”
A
doctor
in
a
rapid
response
vehicle
also
attended
the
scene,but
Mr.Bishop
had
not
suffered
from
the
smoke
and
did
not
need
to
go
to
hospital.
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
It
is
not
yet
known
what
caused
the
fire.Adrian
Thompson,station
commander
from
Droitwich
Fire
Station,estimated
the
fire
had
destroyed
around
90
per
cent
of
the
roof
and
60
per
cent
of
the
first
floor.He
said:“Mr.Hall
had
saved
the
old
man
from
the
burning
building.When
the
firefighters
arrived,they
met
with
a
severe
fire
burning
the
complete
roof
structure.We
have
been
able
to
contain
the
fire
to
the
roof
and
first
floor.We
are
also
attempting
to
reduce
the
damage.”
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
Paragraph
1:
A
total
of
five
engines
remained
at
the
scene.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph
2:
Geoffrey
Bishop
got
out
okay.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
题型解读
本文要求学生在读完原文后,续写故事的结局;因此要求学生通读全文,理解文章的内容,在保持原文内容和风格的基础上进行续写。
审题要点
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
思路点拨
本部分是在读老人家里发生火灾的故事后进行续写。结合后两段给出的开头第一句:A
total
of
five
engines
remained
at
the
scene.可以得知该段要写消防战士继续帮助处理火灾的其他事项;由Geoffrey
Bishop
got
out
okay.可以得知该段要写老人的状况。
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
A
total
of
five
engines
remained
at
the
scene.The
firefighters
stayed
at
the
house
for
most
of
the
day
to
make
sure
the
fire
was
completely
put
out.It
was
an
old
house
so
it
was
easy
to
catch
fire.Group
commander
Martin
Lown
said:“At
this
stage
it
is
more
about
putting
out
the
fire.It
is
quite
significant
damage
to
the
building.As
you
know,it
is
an
old
house.”Mr.Hall
had
been
helping
to
take
care
of
Mr.Bishop.
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
Geoffrey
Bishop
got
out
okay.He
is
obviously
shocked.The
neighbours
have
gathered
round.Most
of
the
neighbours
have
contributed
something.It
is
deeply
sad
but
the
important
thing
is
that
he
was
out.The
neighbours
could
see
the
fire
burning
down
the
whole
roof
of
the
house.It
was
a
terrible
sight.It
was
really
terrible
for
him
but
his
neighbour
saved
him
when
he
was
still
in
the
lift.Of
couse,his
dog
was
safe
as
well.He
thanked
Mr.Hall
so
much
for
his
kindness.
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
高分语块
重要短语
make
sure确保 put
out扑灭 catch
fire着火 take
care
of照顾 as
well也
高级句型
1.The
firefighters
stayed
at
the
house
for
most
of
the
day
to
make
sure
the
fire
was
completely
put
out.(make
sure后为宾语从句)
2.It
is
deeply
sad
but
the
important
thing
is
that
he
was
out.(该句中的that引导表语从句,用作is的表语)
3.It
was
really
terrible
for
him
but
his
neighbour
saved
him
when
he
was
still
in
the
lift.(本句中when引导时间状语从句)
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
精彩点评
1.在老人家里发生火灾然后老人被救下的故事的基础上能够展开合理的想象进行续写,并且对消防队员的工作进行了合理的加工。
2.续写中使用了高级词汇damage;deeply;kindness和复杂句式结构:宾语从句、表语从句和时间状语从句等。
3.语言地道连贯。
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
A
total
of
five
engines
remained
at
the
scene.The
firefighters
was
worried
that
the
house
would
catch
fire
again.The
house
was
made
of
wood
although
it
was
easy
to
be
on
fire.After
the
fire,the
house
needed
repairing.They
would
like
to
have
someone
donate
money
which
would
be
used
for
the
house.Mr.Hall
wanted
to
help
the
old
man
later.
Geoffrey
Bishop
got
out
okay.He
felt
so
shocked
that
he
almost
couldn’t
move.He
was
afraid
of
living
in
the
house
again.He
thanked
Mr.Hall
so
much
that
he
even
wanted
to
give
him
some
money.If
he
stayed
in
the
lift
without
leaving,he
would
die.It
was
lucky
for
his
dog
to
be
saved.
解题步骤
针对训练
写作指导
标准范文
学生例文
失误诊断
1.文章第一段第二句的主谓一致,此处主语firefighters后面要用were。
2.尝试复杂句式的错误:句子The
house
was
made
of
wood
although
it
was
easy
to
be
on
fire.中的although要改为so,因为前后两句之间是因果关系。
3.文章字数明显不够。(共20张PPT)
单元重点小结
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
功能
走近高考
拓展阅读
1.
n.渴望;欲望;vt.希望得到?
desire
to
do/have
a
desire
to
do渴望做某事
例如:他渴望有机会展示自己的才华。
?
2.
n.满足;满意
adj.感到满意的?
to
one’s
satisfaction令人满意的是;be
satisfied
with对……满意
例如:让我们满意的是,这个机器人能做所有的家务。
?
3.
vt.使警觉;使惊恐;n.警报;惊恐?
被……吓坏;
惊恐地?
4.
n.同情(心)
出于同情?
desire
He
desired
to
have
a
chance
to
show
his
talent.
satisfaction
satisfied
To
our
satisfaction,this
robot
can
do
all
the
housework.
alarm
be
alarmed
at/by
in
alarm
sympathy
out
of
sympathy
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
功能
走近高考
拓展阅读
5.
n.喜爱;恩惠 vt.喜爱;偏袒?
帮某人一个忙
支持?
例如:在场的人都支持我的计划。
?
6.
vt.陪伴;伴奏 陪伴某人去某地?
7. 打电话; 挂断电话?
8.
vt.宣布;声明?
9. 不管;别惹;让……一个人待着?
leave
out遗漏;忽略;leave
for动身去;leave...behind把……抛在后面
favour
do
sb.a
favour
in
favour
of
All
the
people
present
are
in
favour
of
my
plan.
accompany
accompany
sb.to
a
place
ring
up
ring
off
declare
leave...alone
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
功能
走近高考
拓展阅读
10.
将……放在一边;为……节省?
set
out
to
do/set
about
doing开始做某事;set
up建立;set
down写下
11. 一定做?
12.
adj.年幼的;资历低的?
13.
n.天才;特殊能力;才干?
have
a
talent
for在……有天赋
14.
n.离婚;断绝关系 vt.与……离婚;与……脱离?
15.
vt.&
vi.服从;顺从?
set
aside
be
bound
to
do
junior
talent
divorce
obey
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
功能
走近高考
拓展阅读
1.As
she
turned
around,
stood
Gladys
Claffern.?
当她转身时,她发现格拉迪斯·克拉芬就站在身旁。
2.She
shouted
“
”
and
ran
to
her
bed.?
她高声嚷着:“让我独自待一会儿”就跑上床。
3....—
you
cannot
in
love
with
machines.?
……——总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。
there
Leave
me
alone
have
women
falling
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
功能
走近高考
拓展阅读
4.Asimov
had
both
an
extraordinary
imagination
that
gave
him
the
ability
to
explore
future
worlds
and
an
amazing
mind
which
he
searched
for
explanations
of
everything,in
the
present
and
the
past.?
阿西莫夫既有探索未来世界的非凡想象力,又有寻求现在和过去万物根源的惊人头脑。
5.Asimov
began
having
stories
in
science
fiction
magazines
in
1939.?
阿西莫夫于1939年起开始在科幻杂志上发表他写的故事。
with
published
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
功能
走近高考
拓展阅读
Revise
the
Passive
Voice(Ⅰ)(including
the
infinitive) 复习被动语态(Ⅰ)(包括不定式)
1.Most
of
his
time
(spend)on
computer
games
in
the
past.?
2. (invite)to
attend
the
party
is
my
honour.?
3.He
happened
(see)by
the
teacher.?
4.Nothing
in
the
life
is
(fear).?
5.This
is
the
story
never
(forget).?
6.He
hurried
to
his
hometown,only
(tell)that
his
wife
had
left.?
7.The
book
is
said
(translate)into
English.?
was
spent
To
be
invited
to
be
seen
to
be
feared
to
be
forgotten
to
be
told
to
have
been
translated
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
功能
走近高考
拓展阅读
Supposition
and
belief(推断与确信)
I
think...
我认为……
I
believe...
我相信……
I
guess...
我猜测……
I
suppose...
我推测……
I’m
afraid...
恐怕……
I
wonder...
我想知道……
I
doubt
whether/if...
我怀疑是否……
There
is
some
doubt
whether/if...
人们怀疑是否……
Maybe/Perhaps...
或许……
It’s
possible/impossible
that...
可能/不可能……
It’s
most
likely/unlikely
that...
很有可能/不可能……
It
could
be
that...
可能……
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
功能
走近高考
拓展阅读
如何做语篇填空题?(一)
在解答语篇填空题时,要注意以下若干方面。
一、重视词性、词形
我们知道,不同的词性在句中的作用不同,或不同的句子成分,需要相应的词性与之匹配。尤其是英语中的单词多为多义词、词性相对也多,而这些内容也就理所当然地成为语篇填空题所考查的重点了。如果我们没看短文就先入为主,武断地以自己心目中的词性解题,出错也就在所难免了。
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
功能
走近高考
拓展阅读
【高考链接】
(2019·全国Ⅲ)They
also
shared
with
us
many
traditions(tradition)stories
about
Hawaii
that
were
huger(huge)
popular
with
tourists.
【分析】这两个题学生都可能会因为没看清词性而犯错误。第一空如果只看到了many,会以为此处的tradition应该用其复数,而错误地回答为traditions,而此处的中心词为stories,应该用形容词作定语,故应该用traditional;而第二个空的huge学生没明白题意而误填huger;另外此处的huge不是作系动词were的表语,应该用其副词形式来修饰popular,故答案应该为hugely。
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【温馨提示】(1)当遇到像change,use,conduct,live,calm,ride等词性比较多的单词时,我们可借助空白处所在句子进行分析,先判断其在句子的成分,然后确定其词性和词义,最后确定其正确的词形。
(2)当遇到代词或(可数)名词时,也要注意结合句子成分进行预判。如代词it就应根据其在句中的作用而选用it,itself或its等形式;再如change,就要根据语境判断其在句中作名词还是动词,以便确定采用其复数形式changes,形容词changeable(作定语)或相应的动词时态或语态。如I’d
skipped
nearby
Guilin,a
dream
place
for
tourists
seeking
the
limestone
mountain
tops
and
dark
waters
of
the
Li
River
that
are
pictured
by
artists
in
so
many
Chinese
65 (painting).?
该题提供单词painting应为名词(现在分词转化而来),再结合空白前的定语修饰成分many(Chinese)可知,此处需要名词复数形式(paintings)。
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二、重视上下文/语境
毋庸置疑,有些填空题可从局部或其所在句子的部分成分就能确定正确答案,如by
car,at
the
same
time。但有些题需要从上下文或语境中获取信息,综合考虑后才能做出正确的选择。也就是有些题目是依托语境或上下文来设置的,以考查考生语篇理解能力和行文结构的把握能力。这类题目相对来说,难度大。
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【高考链接】
(2019·北京)
On
the
first
day
of
my
first
grade,I
stood
by
the
door
with
butterflies
in
my
stomach.I
voice(voice)
my
biggest
concern
to
my
mother.“How
will
I
make
friends?”She
handed
me
advice.“Be
yourself.”
For
the
past
20
years.I
have
lived
by
these
words.Soon
I
will
graduate
and
become
part
of
the
real
world.Nervously
facing
challenges,I
know
I
will
whisper
to
me(I)
the
two
simple
words
“Be
yourself”.
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【分析】第一个空错在做题的时候只看到了I而忽视了时间状语;另外出题人一般不可能让考生填所给的词的原形。句意:我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧,“我将如何交朋友?”根据前面的I
stood
by可以得知此处叙述的是一年级的事情,用过去式。voice是动词,“表达”的意思,作谓语。故填voiced。而第二题是考查代词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。该题学生把to当成介词,后面误用为其宾格,也就是me;其实此处要用反身代词。本句的主语是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时,宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
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三、注意“题目要求”
在答题过程中,有些考生忽视或误解题目要求,按照自己的理解或平时完成句子的模式填空,虽然语法和意义都正确,且合理通顺,但因太任性,不合题目要求而不得分。
【高考链接】
1.(2019·全国Ⅱ)Irene
said,“I
don’t
see
any
reason
to
give
up
work.I
love
coming
here
and
seeing
my
family
and
all
the
friends
I
have
made(make)
over
the
years.?
【分析】句意:我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over
the
years”可知,此处用现在完成时态,所以不但要改变make的词形,还要加上助动词have;故填have
made。
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2.In
recent
years
some
Inuit
people
in
Nunayut
reported(report)
increases
in
bear
sightings
around
human
settlements,leading
to
a
belief
that
populations
are
increasing.
【分析】该生错误的原因是忽视了“在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式”,该题还考查时态,要根据相应的时间状语做出正确的判断,前面的时间状语为In
recent
years,因此要用现在完成时态,所以要用have
reported。
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【温馨提示】(1)该题要求,“阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。”也就是说纯空白只能填写1个单词,给提示词的空虽没明确填写多少单词,但近两年真题最多只填写2个单词,这点值得关注。同时注意用“括号内单词的正确形式”,表明给出提示词的答案应在所给词上做文章,如通过构词法变化词形,如patience—patient;nature—natural—naturally;regular—regularly等;动词还可以有非谓语动词、时态和语态变化;形容词还有比较级和最高级变化等。
(2)在学习过程中,注意通过构词法学习词汇,如succeed—success—successful—successfully;produce—product—productive—production等。这样既可以掌握单词的词性和用法,还可以扩大词汇量,有助于解答语法填空题。
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【文章导语】Recently,Sony
has
built
a
pillow
robot,which
will
monitor
and
see
whether
you
are
really
sleeping
deeply.
It
can
also
do
many
other
things
such
as
waking
you
up
and...
Sony,the
company
that
brought
us
the
Walkman—the
grandfather
of
the
iPOD,in
a
way—is
now
getting
into
the
pillow
business.
Sony
will
probably
try
to
build
a
pillow
completely
with
wires
and
technology
hidden
within
it.The
pillow
can
follow
your
brainwaves①
while
you
sleep.
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The
Sony
pillow
robot
will
monitor
and
see
whether
you
are
really
sleeping
deeply
or
not.And
in
the
morning,when
it
is
time
to
wake
you
up,it
will
analyze
whether
your
brain
is
ready
to
slowly
wake
up
or
not.If
it
is,it
can
set
slow
vibrations②
or
ring
a
light
alarm
bell
to
wake
you
up.So,no
harsh③
bells
ring
to
wake
you
up
when
it
is
time
for
school,and
it
knows
not
only
kids
but
adults
need
to
wake
up
early
in
the
morning
to
start
work.
Don’t
ask
what
will
happen
if
you
are
in
the
habit
of
turning
the
pillow
upside-down
at
night,or
you
sleep
with
your
stomach
on
it
in
your
deep
sleep.If
you
punish
your
pillow
like
that,and
Sony
gives
it
robotic
legs,it
might
just
run
out
of
the
window
at
night.
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词海拾贝
①brainwave
/?breInweIv/
n.脑电波
②vibration
/vaI?breI??n/
n.
震动
③harsh
/h???/
adj.
刺耳的
理解诱思
1.The
text
introduces
to
us
a
pillow
robot
.?
A.which
has
got
into
the
market
B.which
can
read
your
mind
C.which
can
help
you
sleep
deeply
D.which
can
help
you
form
a
good
habit
答案:B
2.What
will
happen
if
you
turn
the
pillow
robot
upside
down?Why?
答案:略
