Module 2 Public holidays Unit 3 Language in use 课件 (共44张PPT)

(共44张PPT)
初三
(上册)
Module
2
Module
2
Great
books
Unit
3
Language
in
use
英语句子有主动语态和被动语态之分。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。如果我们不知道或没必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或需要强调动作的承受者，就要用到被动语态。
被动语态
一、主动语态变被动语态的方法
【例句】我们每天打扫教室。
主动语态：We
clean
our
classroom
every
day.
主语
谓语
宾语
被动语态：Our
classroom
is
cleaned
by
us
every
day.
主语
谓语
宾语
【口诀】宾提前变主，主变介by宾，谓语“be
+
done”，状语不用变。
【说明】主动语态变被动语态一般分四步：
1.
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；
2.
将主动语态的谓语结构变为被动语态的谓语结构，即“be
+动词的过去分词”；
3.
将主动语态中的主语放在介词by后，by短语通常位于被动谓语结构之后；
4.
主动语态中的时间、地点状语等在被动语态中不变。
二、一般现在时的被动语态的否定、疑
问形式
一般现在时的被动语态的否定形式是在am,
is,
are后加not；
e.g.
The
desk
is
made
by
him.
(肯定句)
The
desk
is
not
made
by
him.
(否定句)
一般疑问句形式是将am,
is,
are提到句首；
e.g.
Is
the
desk
made
by
him?
(一般疑问句)
特殊疑问句形式是“疑问词+一般疑问句”结构。
e.g.
What
is
the
desk
made
of?
(特殊疑问句)
三、主动语态变被动语态时常见错误分析
主动语态变被动语态时，初学者常犯以下两种错误：
1.
误用人称代词
Jim
often
sees
us.
→
【误】Us
are
often
seen
(by
Jim).
【正】We
are
often
seen
(by
Jim).
如果主动语态句子的宾语是人称代词,
在变被动语态时要用其对应的主格形式。
2.
混淆主、被动谓语结构
Does
he
do
a
lot
of
work
every
day?
→
【误】Does
a
lot
of
work
done
(by
him)
every
day?
【正】Is
a
lot
of
work
done
(by
him)
every
day?
不要把主、被动谓语结构混在一起，尤其在否定句和疑问句中。
1.
Work
in
pairs.
Compare
these
sentences
with
the
sentences
in
the
grammar
box.
1.
Millions
of
people
see
Shakespeare’s
plays
every
year.
Shakespeare’s
plays
are
seen
by
millions
of
people
every
year.
2.
Today
people
think
it
is
one
of
the
greatest
books
in
American
literature.
Today
it
is
thought
to
be
one
of
the
greatest
books
in
American
literature.
3.
Many
people
today
still
read
Confucius’
works.
Confucius’
works
are
still
read
by
many
people
today.
4.
People
don’t
know
Mark
Twain
as
a
great
thinker.
Mark
Twain
isn’t
known
as
a
great
thinker.
Now
choose
the
correct
form
of
the
words
in
the
box
to
complete
the
sentences.
Chinese
people
respect
their
parents.
Parents
are
respected
by
Chinese
people.
grow
/
isn’t
grown
influence
/
are
influenced
punish
/
is
punished
respect
/
are
respected
1.
Tom
__________for
fighting.
2.
They
______
Tom
for
fighting.
3.
Confucius’
thoughts
________
people
around
the
world.
4.
People
in
the
world
_____________by
Confucius’
thoughts.
5.
Farmers
_____
rice
in
spring.
6.
Rice
__________
in
winter
in
the
north.
is
punished
punish
influence
are
influenced
grow
isn’t
grown
2.
Work
in
pairs.
Ask
and
answer.
which
book
/
describe
/
in
New
standard
magazine?
The
Adventures
of
Tom
Sawyer
－Which
book
is
described
in
New
Standard
magazine?
－The
Adventures
of
Tom
Sawyer.
1.
what
/
happen/
Tom
Sawyer?
He
has
many
exciting
adventures.
he
/
think
/
to
be
dead
－
What
happened
to
Tom
Sawyer?
－
He
has
many
exciting
adventures.
He
is
thought
to
be
dead.
2.
who
/
punish/
in
the
book?
Injun
Joe/
punish/
for/
bad
behaviour
－
Who
is
punished
in
the
book?
－
Injun
Joe
is
punished
for
bad
behaviour.
3.
what/
special
/
about
the
book?
it/
believe/
to
be
one
of
the
greatest
American
books
－
What
is
special
about
the
book?
－
It
is
believed
to
be
one
of
the
greatest
American
books.
3.
Complete
the
conversation
with
the
correct
form
of
the
words.
Tom:
Why
are
popular
books
made
(make)
into
films?
Jerry:
Oh,
because
the
story
(1)
_______________
(already/
know)
by
lots
of
people,
so
the
film
versions
will
become
popular
as
well.
Tom:
But
why
(2)
__
the
story
sometimes
_______
(change)
in
the
film
version?
is
already
known
is
changed
Jerry:
Because
films
and
books
work
differently.
Some
characters
in
the
book
are
not
included
in
the
film
version,
but
others
(3)
___________
(give)
more
important
roles
they
had
in
the
book.
Tom:
Surely
that
doesn’t
happen
in
historical
films?
are
given
Jerry:
Yes,
it
does,
actually.
Sometimes
even
the
facts
about
history
(4)
____________
(change).
Tom:
But
how
can
historical
facts
be
rewritten?
Jerry:
Because
films
do
not
try
to
teach
history,
but
rather,
to
tell
a
good
story!
are
changed
5.
Complete
the
passage
with
the
correct
form
of
the
words
in
the
box.
Films
of
Shakespeare’s
plays
are
still
(1)_______
today
because
young
people
like
to
read
the
plays
but
often
(2)______
to
see
them
in
the
cinema
.
popular
prefer
die
hero
influence
kill
popular
prefer
punish
theme
His
stories
are
exciting
and
the
(3)
______
are
meaningful.
We
see
what
the
(4)______
do
and
what
(5)
_________
them.
For
example,
kings
(6)_________
by
bad
men,
girls
and
boys
(7)
___
for
love;
and
bad
people
(8)
____________
for
their
bad
behaviour.
themes
heroes
influences
are
killed
die
are
punished
7.
Work
in
pairs.
Ask
and
say
which
statements
you
agree
with,
and
why.
--
Do
you
think
that
modern
books
are
great
books?
--
Yes,
I
do.
I
think…
/
No,
I
don’t.
I
think…
8.
Complete
the
conversation
with
the
correct
form
of
the
phrases
in
the
box.
Tony:
Hello,
Daming.
You’re
spending
a
lot
of
time
in
the
library
today.
What’s
up?
a
bit
as
far
as
for
example
in
fact
have
got
it
right
think
about
Daming:
Hello,
Tony.
I’m
(1)
_____________
my
article
for
New
Standard.
The
title
is
“my
favourite
book”,
but
I
can’t
decide
what
to
write
about.
Tony:
Well,
what’s
your
favourite
book?
Daming:
I
haven’t
got
one
(2)
______,
I
don’t
really
enjoy
reading.
thinking
about
In
fact
Tony:
I
see,
well,
that
makes
it
(3)____
difficult.
Can
you
write
about
something
else,
a
film,
(4)___________?
Daming:
I
don’t
think
so.
I
promised
Betty
that
I’d
write
about
my
favorite
book.
Tony:
(5)
__________
I
can
see,
Betty
will
be
pleased
if
you
write
an
article,
even
if
it’s
a
not
about
a
book.
a
bit
for
example
As
far
as
Daming:
I
think
you
(7)_______________!
I’ll
write
about
my
favorite
film
instead.
Thanks,
Tony.
Tony:
You’re
welcome.
have
got
it
right
Plato
(427
BC
–
347
BC)
was
a
philosopher
in
Classical
Greece.
Along
with
his
mentor,
Socrates(苏格拉底),
and
his
student,
Aristotle(亚里士多德),
Plato
helped
to
lay
the
foundations
of
Western
philosophy
and
science.
Around
the
world
看Plato的简介，完成下面各题。
请根据英文释义写出短文中出现过的对应的词汇。
1.________
very
old,
not
modern
2.
________
have
an
effect
on
3.
______come
back
or
go
back
return
ancient
influence
请将The
modern
world
is
still
influenced
by
his
thoughts改为主动语态。
4.
______________________________
____________
请回答下面的问题。
5.
What
are
Plato’s
works
called?
_________________________
The
Dialogues.
His
thoughts
still
influence
the
modern
world.
9.
Work
in
groups.
Read
the
statement.
We
are
more
influenced
by
films
than
by
books.
Decide
on
your
point
of
view.
Do
you
agree
or
disagree?
Task
Organising
a
class
talk
Think
of
some
examples
of
films
or
books
you
have
seen
or
read.
How
did
they
influence
you?
10.
Plan
your
talk.
Plan
what
you
want
to
say.
Make
notes
about
why
you
agree
or
disagree
with
the
statement.
11.
Present
your
talk.
Practise
your
talk
two
or
three
times
first.
Relax,
speak
clearly
and
loudly
and
look
at
the
class
as
you
speak.
Invite
the
class
to
ask
you
questions
at
the
end.
课堂小测验
Ⅰ.
下面各句中均有一处错误，请指出
并改正。
1.
Confucius’
works
are
still
readed
by
many
people
today.
2.
Millions
of
people
are
seen
Shakespeare’s
plays
every
year.
3.
Which
book
described
in
New
Standard?
are
seen
→
see
readed
→
read
described
→
is
described
Ⅱ.
请将下列各句改为被动语态。
1.
Everyone
loves
music.
____________
by
everyone.
2.
My
aunt
often
gives
me
foreign
stamps.
I
__
often
____
foreign
stamps
by
my
aunt.
3.
How
often
do
you
clean
the
floor?
How
often
________________
?
Music
is
loved
am
given
is
the
floor
cleaned
4.
The
small
boy
eats
a
big
fish
every
day.
A
big
fish
_________
the
small
boy
every
day.
5.
They
grow
rice
in
the
town.
Rice
________
in
the
town
by
_____.
is
eaten
by
is
grown
them
Ⅲ.
将下列各句改为主动语态。
1.
Is
a
meeting
held
here
every
Saturday?
___
they
_____________
here
every
Saturday?
2.
Is
the
song
sung
by
Jim?
____
Jim
____
the
song?
3.
What
is
done
by
Betty
when
she
is
at
home?
What
_____________when
she
is
at
home?
Do
hold
a
meeting
Does
sing
does
Betty
do
Ⅳ.
请根据所给汉语,
完成下列各句。
1.
就我所知,
我们不会迟到,
因为我们有
很多的时间。
________
I
know,
we
won’t
be
late,
because
we
have
plenty
of
time.
2.
你不能跟我们一起去真遗憾。
_________
that
you
can’t
go
with
us．
3.
我再也不开车了。
I
_____
drive
__________.
As
far
as
It’s
a
pity
don’t
any
more
4.
他是家里唯一活着的人。
He
is
the
only
person
_____
in
his
family.
5.
我还有好多事情要做。
I
still
have
____________
to
do.
6.
你为什么不向你的老师求助呢？
_______________
to
your
teacher
for
help?
Why
don’t
you
go
alive
a
lot
of
work
Making
a
survey.
Ask
your
classmates
which
book
they
want
to
read
now?
Why?
Homework
Thank
you
for
listening!