(共47张PPT)
Unit
3
Language
in
use
Module
12
Save
our
world
外研·九年级上册
Language
practice
Reuse
means
“use
again”.
Though
pollution
is
heavy
now,
I
don’t
think
it’s
hopeless.
Make
new
words.
Join
the
parts
of
words
in
Box
A
with
the
words
in
Box
B.
You
need
to
use
some
of
the
parts
more
than
once.
1
-able
-ful
im-
-less
re-
un-
A
B
care
collect
hope
possible
use
usual
wanted
waste
Now
work
in
groups.
Play
the
guessing
game
English
for
Fun.
1
full
of
care
__________
2
can
be
collected
__________
3
full
of
hope
__________
4
without
any
hope
_________
careful
English
for
Fun
collectable
hopeful
hopeless
5
not
possible
__________
6
not
usual
__________
7
without
any
use
__________
8
use
again
__________
9
not
wanted
__________
10
making
a
lot
of
waste
__________
useless
impossible
wasteful
unusual
reuse
unwanted
Learning
to
learn
Sometimes
if
you
know
the
meaning
of
the
parts
of
a
word,
you
can
work
out
the
meaning
of
the
whole
word.
re+
new+
able:
re=
again,
able=can
be
renewable=can
be
new
again
构词法：
合成法
派生法
转化法
Grammar
一、合成法
将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的的单词合在一起构成新词的方法叫做合成法。如：afternoon、kind-hearted、maybe
等等。掌握合成法有助于我们理解和记忆更多单词。
在一个单词前或后加上一个词缀，就可以构成一个新词，这种方法叫做派生法。根据词缀的位置，分为前缀和后缀两种。掌握一些常见的词缀，对单词的记忆和理解有很大的帮助。比如：我们学会care,
就能掌握careful,
careless,
carefully,
carelessly。下面我们来学习几个常见的前、后缀：
二、派生法
1.
表示否定意义
“无，不”的前缀：
impatient,
impossible
un
-
in
-
dis
-
im
-
non-
unable,
unhappy
inexpensive,
indecision
disagree,
dislike
non-smoker
前缀：
2.
表示
“再”的前缀：
re-
rewrite,
reuse,
recycle
3.
表示
“错误地”的前缀：
mis
-
mislead
,
misunderstand
4.
表示
“在……之间，相互”意思的前缀：
inter-
表示“在……之间，相互”：Internet
后缀：
–able表示“可能，易于，适合于”，
构成形容词，
如：renewable,
eatable(可吃的)，enjoyable
常见的后缀：
2.
–ful表示“充满……的，具有……性的”，
构成
形容词，如：helpful,
hopeful,
powerful
,
useful,
careful,
beautiful
3.
–less
与-ful
相反，表示“少的，不足的”，构成
形容词，如：helpless,
hopeless,
powerless,
useless,
careless
1.
动词变名词：
-ation
-ment
-er
-or
invitation,
education,
agreement,
government
teacher,
worker
visitor,
sailor
让我们来看一些不改变词根的基本意义，
而是改变了词性的后缀
2.
形容词变名词：
-ness
-ty
happiness,
meanness,
carelessness
activity,
safety
3.
名词、形容词变动词：
-ify
-ize
-en
beautify,
simplify
realize
quicken,
widen,
sharpen
4.
名词变形容词：
-y
-ous
-ful
windy,
rainy,
sandy
dangerous,
humorous
helpful,
careful,
peaceful
英语构词法中把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转换法。
三、转换法
动词转化为名词
—
Let’s
talk
about
it
more.
—
I
think
we’d
better
finish
the
talk
now.
(2)名词转化为动词
—
She
gave
me
a
cup
of
water.
—
You
should
water
the
flowers
twice
a
day.
(3)形容词转化为名词
—
She
was
wearing
a
black
dress.
—
The
girl
in
black
looks
very
beautiful.
（黑衣服）
Complete
the
sentences
with
the
words
in
the
box.
2
hopeful
impossible
reuse
unhealthy
wasteful
1
Polluted
water
is
_____________.
2
It
is
____________
to
throw
so
much
food
away.
unhealthy
wasteful
3
If
you
look
after
things
well,
you
may
______
some
of
them
later.
4
It
is
___________
to
clean
up
the
whole
river
in
such
a
short
time.
5
If
we
pay
attention
to
pollution
now,
the
future
will
be
___________.
reuse
impossible
hopeful
Complete
the
table.
3
use
use
usefully/uselessly
hope
hopeful/hopeless
pollute
polluted/unpolluted
Noun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
useful/useless
hope
hopefully/hopelessly
pollution
—
water
waste
wasteful/
wasted
wastefully
usual/
unusual
Noun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
water
—
—
waste
—
—
usually/unusually
Complete
the
sentences
with
the
correct
form
of
the
words
in
Activity
3.
4
She
was
___________
that
her
new
job
would
make
her
more
successful.
hopeful
The
factory
_________
the
river,
and
the
fish
died.
polluted
2.
We
often
walk
in
the
countryside
.
It
is
a
(n)
__________
activity
for
us.
3.
Do
not
use
so
much
water.
It
is
very
_________.
4.
To
keep
the
flowers
growing,
you
need
to
________them
once
a
day.
water
wasteful
usual/useful
Complete
the
sentences.
5
A
_________
is
a
box
that
you
keep
your
lunch
in.
lunchbox
1
A
____________
is
a
card
that
you
write
on
one
side
of
and
send
to
someone
by
post.
2
A
__________
is
a
room
where
you
have
classes
at
school.
classroom
postcard
3
A
___________
is
a
book
that
has
one
or
more
stories
for
children.
4
A
____________
is
a
black
board
that
is
used
at
school
for
writing
on
with
chalk.
blackboard
storybook
Work
in
pairs.
Look
at
the
pictures
and
answer
the
questions.
6
1
What
kinds
of
things
can
be
recycled
?
2
How
can
these
things
be
reused?
3
How
does
this
help
the
environment?
4
Have
you
ever
recycled
or
used
things
that
can
be
recycled?
How?
Complete
the
conversation
with
the
correct
form
of
the
expressions
in
the
box.
7
be
good
for
throw
away
turn
off
worry
about
I
hear
you
are
off
to
the
Caribbean
for
a
holiday!
Lucky
you!
But
aren’t
you
(1)
_______________
the
pollution
that
such
long
plane
journeys
may
cause
for
the
environment?
worried
about
Mike:
I
know,
but
what
can
I
do
about
it?
I’ve
already
tried
my
best
to
protect
the
environment.
I
recycle.
I
don’t
(2)
__________
things
if
I
don’t
want
them
any
more.
I
(3)_________the
lights
when
I
leave
a
room.
Don’t
tell
me
I
shouldn’t
travel
by
plane
any
more!
throw
away
turn
off
Ken:
Mike:
No,
of
course
not.
But
we
can
do
more
to
protect
the
environment.
For
example,
we
can
help
keep
the
air
clean
by
planting
trees.
Trees
(4)____________the
environment.
In
this
way,
we
can
reduce
the
harm
of
pollution.
are
good
for
Good!
So
I
can
enjoy
my
holiday,
and
when
I
come
back,
I’ll
plant
some
trees!
That’s
the
idea!
Maybe
we
can
all
join
in
and
start
a
small
forest!
Ken:
Mike:
Listen
and
check
(√)
the
true
sentences.
8
It’s
OK
to
throw
used
things
away.
Looking
after
them
takes
a
lot
of
time.
□
Do
not
throw
away
things
made
of
glass,
plastic
and
paper,
but
recycle
them
when
possible.
□
Take
a
bag
when
you
go
shopping.
□
√
√
4.
Producing
electricity
and
using
oil
will
not
cause
pollution.
□
5.
Turn
off
lights
when
you
do
not
need
them.
□
6.
Ride
a
bike
or
walk,
and
do
not
often
drive
your
car.
□
√
√
Listen
again
and
complete
the
table.
9
glass,
plastic
and
paper
recycle
Reuse
take
a
bag
are
hard
to
Advice
Reasons
1
Don’t
throw
away
things
made
of
_________________________
,
but
_______
them.
Throwing
things
away
is
wasteful.
2
_______
your
plastic
bags
when
you
can
and
___________
with
you
when
you
go
shopping.
Plastic
bags
______________
recycle.
reduce
polltion
waste
electricity
Walk
or
cycle
pollution
Advice
Reasons
3
Use
less
electricity
and
oil
to
____________________.
4
Don’t
leave
lights
on
and
__________________.
5
_______________
and
do
not
often
drive
your
car.
Producing
electricity
and
using
oil
may
cause
_________.
Reuse
and
recycle
It’s
a
waste
to
throw
used
things
away.
Don’t
throw
away
things
made
of
glass,
plastic
and
paper,
but
recycle
them
if
possible.
Plastic
bags
are
hard
to
recycle,
so
reuse
the
old
ones
when
you
can.
Take
a
bag
with
you
when
you
go
shopping.
Tapescript
Reduce
pollution
Producing
electricity
and
using
oil
may
cause
pollution
of
the
air,
water
and
earth
in
many
different
ways.
If
we
use
less
electricity
and
oil,
we
can
reduce
pollution.
Here
is
some
advice:
don’t
leave
lights
on
and
waste
electricity;
walk
or
cycle,
and
don’t
drive
a
car
unless
you
have
to.
Walking
and
cycling
are
good
for
your
health
too!
Earth
Hour
Earth
Hour
is
held
toward
the
end
of
March
each
year.
During
Earth
Hour,
people
all
across
the
world
switch
off
the
lights
they
do
not
need.
They
do
this
to
show
their
awareness
of
climate
change.
The
first
Earth
Hour
was
held
in
2007
in
Sydney,
where
more
than
2.2
million
people
switched
off
their
lights.
Today,
more
and
more
cities
are
taking
part
in
the
event,
such
as
Beijing,
London,
Rome
and
New
York,
and
landmarks
like
the
Empire
State
Building
and
the
Golden
Gate
Bridge
will
go
dark.
Module
task:
Discussing
what
you
can
do
about
pollution
Work
in
groups.
Decide
what
kind
of
pollution
you
want
to
talk
about.
10
Choose
a
subject
that
you
care
about
the
most.
It
could
be
water
pollution,
air
pollution,
etc.
Find
out
more
information
about
your
subject.
Look
it
up
on
a
website
or
in
a
books.
Discuss
your
subject.
Take
turns
to
say
what
you
think
about
the
problem
and
what
can
be
done.
Listen
to
what
others
say.
If
you
agree
with
what
they
have
said,
say
“I
agree”,
“That’s
true”
or
“That’s
a
good
point”;
if
you
do
not
agree
with
what
someone
says
,
say
“I’m
sorry,
but
I
don’t
agree.
I
think
that
...”
11
Present
your
group’s
ideas
to
the
whole
class.
13
一、根据句意，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
There
is
a
place
in
my
heart
where
all
nations
will
live
__________
(peace)
some
day.
2.
There
are
many
__________
(different)
between
the
twins.
One
is
shy,
but
the
other
is
outgoing.
peacefully
differences
Exercise
二、单项选择。
There
are
__________
sharing
bikes
in
many
cities.
So
there
will
be
__________
pollution.
A.
less
and
less;
more
and
more
B.
less
and
less;
fewer
and
fewer
C.
more
and
more;
less
and
less
D.
fewer
and
fewer;
less
and
less
2.
—
What
a
mess!
The
sharing
bikes
are
thrown
everywhere.
—
Let’s
collect
and
put
them
in
the
right
place
______
they
can
be
used
conveniently.
A.
unless
B.
so
that
C.
because
D.
so
long
as
3.
—
The
apple
pies
here
taste
______
than
those
from
anywhere
else.
—
Yes.
But
it
will
be
better
if
they
are
______.
more
delicious;
more
expensive
less
delicious;
more
expensive
more
delicious;
less
expensive
less
delicious;
less
expensive
1.
Review
the
grammar.
2.
Do
the
exercises.
