第四十二讲
Module
6 The
World's
Cultural
Heritage
【知识熟记】
一、
高频单词
1．contribute
v．促成，有助于；捐助；贡献；投稿
(1)contribute
to
有助于；促成；为……做贡献
contribute
...to/towards
...
向……捐赠；向……投稿
(2)ontribution
n.
贡献；捐献；捐助
make
a
contribution/contributions
to/towards
...
为……做贡献
①The
scientist
was
rewarded
by
the
government
for
having
made_such_a_great_contribution_to
the
country.
这位科学家因对国家做了这么大的贡献而受到奖励。
②Finally,
some
good
English
study
websites
contribute_a_lot_to
my
improvement
in
English.
最后，一些好的英语学习网站也对我的英语水平提高起了很大作用。
[名师指津] contribute
to和make
a
contribution/contributions
to中的to都为介词，后要接名词、代词或动名词。
2．undertake
(undertook,
undertaken)
vt.许诺，同意；承担，从事
undertake
to
do
sth.
承诺或保证做某事
undertake
that
...
承诺……，保证……
undertake
a
task/project
承担一个任务/项目
①He
undertook
that
there
would
be
no
more
hesitations
in
pursuing
reforms.
他答应在推进改革这件事上不再迟疑不决。
②The
work
was_undertaken
(undertake)
by
a
more
professional
construction
team.
这项工作由一个更专业的建筑工程队承担。
3．recommend
v．建议；推荐
向某人推荐某人/某物
recommend
sb.
as
推荐某人为……
(2)recommend
sb.
to
do
sth.
建议/劝某人做某事
recommend
doing
sth.
建议做某事
recommend
that
...
(should)
do
...
建议……(应该)做……
It
is/was
recommended
that
...(should)
...
有人建议……
(3)recommendation
n.
建议；推荐
①He
recommended
the
young
man
to
our
firm,
and
it
is
because
of
his
recommendation
(recommend)
that
we
have
an
excellent
worker
now.
他向我们公司推荐了这个年轻人，正是由于他的推荐，我们现在拥有了一名优秀的员工。
②Graham's
father
strongly
recommended
sending
(send)
the
boy
to
school
in
England.
格雷厄姆的父亲极力建议把儿子送到英国上学。
[联想发散] 后接宾语从句，从句中谓语动词用
“(should＋)动词原形”的常见动词有：
4．remains
n．遗迹；剩余物；遗体
(1)remain
vi.
剩下；停留；留待；依然
remain
to
be
done
某事有待去做
(2)remaining
adj.
余下的，剩下的(只作前置定语)
the
remaining
money/time
剩下的钱/时间
①It
remains
to_be_seen
(see)
whether
he
will
pass
the
exam.
是否他会通过考试还有待观察。
②He
bought
a
new
pen
with
the_remaining_(remain)
money.
她用剩下的钱买了支新钢笔。
5．preserve
v．保护；保存n.保护区；禁猎地
(1)preserve
...from
...
保护……免于……
(2)preserve
n.
(动植物)保护区
preservation
n.
保护，保存，贮藏
preserver
n.
保护者；保护物
(3)preservative
adj.
保存的，有保存力的；防腐的
①What
can
we
do
to
preserve
the
company
from
ruin?
我们怎么做才能保护这家公司不破产？
②The
mountain
was
one
of
nature
preserves
(preserve),
with
no
hunting
allowed.
这座山是自然保护区之一，不允许狩猎。
6．ignore
v．忽视；不理；不管
(1)ignorant
adj.
不了解的，无知的
be
ignorant
of
不知道……
(2)ignorance
n.
无知
in
ignorance
of
...
对……不知道
①I
was
walking
near
to
wave,
but
he
stood
there,
ignoring
(ignore)
me.
我走近去和他招手，但他站在那里不理我。
②Most
people
there
received
so
little
education
that
they
were
ignorant
(ignore)
of
the
law.
那里的大多数人接受了很少的教育，以至于他们不懂法律。
③Some
people
always
do
everything
they
like,
but
are
in
ignorance
(ignore)
of
others'
feelings.
有些人总是做所有他们喜欢的事，而忽视了别人的感受。
7．advocate
vt.主张，拥护
(1)advocate
doing
sth.
主张做某事
advocate
that...(should)
do...
主张……[从句动词用虚拟语气(should＋)
do]
(2)advocate
n.
拥护者，支持者，提倡者；律师，辩护人
①Many
educators
advocate
reforming
(reform)
the
present
education
system.
许多教育工作者主张改革当前的教育体制。
②For
sustainable
development,
I
advocate
we
(should)_substitute
(substitute)
conventional
energy
with
renewable
energy.
为了可持续发展，我主张用可再生资源代替传统能源。
高频短语
1．remind
sb.
of
sth.
使某人想起……
remind
sb.
to
do
sth.
提醒某人做某事
remind
(sb.)
that/how/what
...
提醒(某人)……
①Passengers
are_reminded
(remind)
that
no
smoking
is
allowed
on
this
train.
旅客们被提醒在本次列车上禁止吸烟。
②Reminded
not
to_drive
(drive)
after
drinking,
some
drivers
are
still
trying
their
luck,
which
is
really
dangerous.
尽管被提醒不要酒后开车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这真的十分危险。
[联想发散] 其他“v.＋sb.of
sth.”结构的短语还有：
①inform
sb.
of
sth.
通知某人某事
②rob
sb.
of
sth.
抢劫某人某物
③accuse
sb.
of
sth.
控告某人某事
④warn
sb.
of
sth.
警告某人某事
⑤cure
sb.
of
sth.
治愈某人某病
⑥convince
sb.
of
sth.
使某人相信某事
2．apart
from
除……之外；除了……之外(还有)……
take
...apart
将……拆卸开，拆分
tell
...apart
分辨出，辨别
set
sb./sth.
apart
使某人与众不同，使突出；留出，
拨出
①Two
rooms
were
set_apart
for
use
as
libraries.
留出两个房间作为图书室。
②Rod
loves
taking_apart
clocks.
However,
he
never
manages
to
put
them
together
again.(2012·辽宁高考单选)
罗德喜欢拆钟表，然而他从来不能把它们再组装起来。
[名师指津] apart
from
意为“除此之外(表示除……以外别无)”时，相当于except/except
for；当意为“除了……之外(还有)……”时，相当于besides/in
addition
to。
高频句子
1．be＋of＋n.结构
They
are
a
precious
part
of
our
cultural
heritage
—
it
is_of_vital_importance
that
we
do
something.
它们是我们文化遗产中极其宝贵的部分——因此我们采取行动就显得尤为重要。
“be＋of＋n.”结构的具体用法如下：
(1)介词of后面接表抽象意义的名词，如value,
use,
help,
importance,
significance等，相当于该名词对应的形容词。该名词前面可以用表程度的词加以修饰，如little,
no,
great,
much,
some等。
①The
book
is
very
useful
to
the
beginners.
→The
book
is_of_great_use
to
the
beginners.
这本书对初学者来说非常有用。
(2)介词of后面还可接一些表示人或物属性的名词，如size,
color,
height,
length,
age,
shape等，用来描述人或事物的属性，在句中作表语或后置定语。
②She
is
looking
for
some
girls
of_an/the_same_age.
她在寻找一些同岁的小女孩。
[名师指津] 在此结构中，如果后面的名词前有不定冠词a/an，则这个冠词相当于the
same。
【基础巩固】
一、单句语法填空
1．I
wish
I
could
do
something
in
return
for
the
kindness
I
have
received
from
him.
2．He
undertook
to_improve
(improve)
the
working
conditions
and
the
workers
were
expecting
it.
3．He
recommends
wearing
(wear)
safety
equipment
while
inspecting
the
construction
site.
4．All
members
of
the
club
are
requested
to_attend
(attend)
the
annual
meeting.
5．At
that
time
I
was
ignorant
of
events
going
on
elsewhere.
6．Some
people
advocated
that
the
discussion
(should)_be_put
(put)
off
until
next
week.
7．In
spite
of
failing
to
save
all
endangered
wildlife,
we
are
able
to
preserve
the
majority
from
dying
out.
8．Exercise
is
a
vital
activity
for
your
health,
and
can
actually
contribute
to
getting
better?quality
sleep.
9．Without
a
sure
supply
of
water,
farming
in
that
area
remains
at
the
mercy
of
the
weather.
10．The
reason
why
he
was
absent
(absence)
from
his
best
friend's
birthday
party
was
that
he
had
to
look
after
his
sick
mother.
二、单句改错
1．The
fact
that
the
miners
there
work
in
dreadful
(糟糕的)
conditions
attracts
the
public's
attention
and
contributes
to
make
laws
to
protect
the
miners'
rights.
make→making
2．To
qualify
yourself
for
this
kind
of
new
job,
I
recommend
that
you
would
take
some
online
courses.去掉would或would→should
3．It
is
said
that
his
carelessness
and
ignorant
together
resulted
in
a
terrible
fire,
which
burned
down
the
building.
ignorant→ignorance
4．The
three
parties
will
meet
next
month
to
work
out
remained
differences.
remained→remaining
5．We
advocate
seek
a
proper
solution
for
these
frictions
and
problems
on
the
basis
of
equal
consultation.seek→seeking
三、根据提示词或结构补全句子
1．为了学好它，除了上英语课，我还积极参加英语角和其他课外英语活动，使我受益很多。(apart
from)
In
order
to
learn
it
well,
apart_from_English_classes,_I
took
an
active
part
in
English
corner
and
other
after?class
English
activities,
which
benefited
me
a
lot.
2.
这位科学家对发展太空技术做出了巨大的贡献。(make
contributions
to)
This
scientist
has_made_great_contributions_to_developing
space
technology.
3．我推荐他做向导的原因是他一直在这个城市生活。(recommend
sb.
as
...)
The
reason
why
I
recommended_him_as_the_guide
was
that
he
had
been
living
in
the
city.
4．昨天我偶然找到一张老照片，它让我想起了我们一起上大学的那些日子。(remind
sb.
of
sth.)
Yesterday
I
found
an
old
picture
by
chance,
which
reminded_me_of_the_days_when_we_were_at_college_together.
5．强烈建议学校为学生们提供更多的时间进行体育运动。(It
is
strongly
recommended
that)
It_is_strongly_recommended_that
schools
provide
students
with
more
time
for
sports.
四、句型转换
1．The
book
will
be
very
valuable
to
students
of
history.
→The
book
will
be_of_great_value
to
students
of
history.
2．Can
you
recommend
me
a
good
dictionary?
→Can
you
recommend_a_good_dictionary_to
me?
3．The
doctor
recommended
(that)
my
father
(should)
take
more
exercise.
→The
doctor
recommended
my
father
to_take
more
exercise.
4．Many
people
contributed_money_to
(为……捐钱)
the
poor
boy,
which
contributed_to
(有助于)
his
returning
to
school.
A
writer
wrote
a
story
about
this
and
contributed_it_to
(将它投稿给)
a
newspaper.
【能力提升】
一、语法填空
Jane：Hi,
Leo.
You
seem
tired
and
sleepy
today.
Are
you
OK?
Leo：Oh,
my
neighbourhood
is
so
__1__
(noise)
—
I
can't
sleep
much.
Jane：What's
going
on
in
your
neighbourhood?
Leo：The
road
near
my
home
__2__
(repair),
and
that
makes
a
lot
of
noise.
That's
__3__
I
can't
sleep
well
at
night
these
days.
Jane：Is
it
really
loud?
Leo：Oh,
it's
terrible!
__4__
(hope),
the
construction
won't
last
long.
__5__
they
don't
finish
the
road
soon,
I'm
afraid
I
will
go
deaf.
Jane：Oh,
that's
awful.
How
about
your
neighbours?
Are
they
quiet
and
friendly?
Leo：Yes,
most
of
them
are.
But
one
of
my
neighbours,
David,
__6__
holds
parties
every
night,
won't
stop
making
noise.
Being
exposed
__7__
so
much
noise
day
after
day
really
drives
me
mad!
Jane：It's
no
use
just
__8__
(complain).
Why
not
hold
a
neighbourhood
meeting?
I'm
sure
you
could
come
up
with
some
good
__9__
(approach)．
Leo：That's
a
good
idea.
Why
didn't
I
think
of
that?
__10__
seems
that
I
haven't
got
a
brain
in
my
head
these
days.
语篇解读：本文是两个人之间的对话。Leo向Jane讲述了生活遇到的困扰，Jane对此提出了建议。
二、短文改错
Kunming
is
a
famous
city
with
long
history.
Locating
in
the
southwest
of
China,
it
is
the
capital
city
of
Yunnan
Province,
it
is
called
“the
Spring
City”.
It
is
said
that
Kunming
got
it's
name
over
2,000
years
ago
and
it
had
never
changed
since
then.
There
is
a
large
number
of
famous
cultural
and
natural
sites
there,
which
have
always
been
attraction
to
tourists
from
around
the
world.
Tourists
come
not
only
to
see
the
historically
sites,
but
also
because
that
it
has
beautiful
scenery.
A
walk
along
the
sides
of
the
beautiful
Dianchi
Lake
will
offer
a
feast
for
everyone's
eyes.
On
a
word,
Kunming,
as
a
famous
saying
goes,
is
a
city
which
you
will
not
want
to
leave
once
you
have
come.
三、书面表达
假如你是希望中学的学生李华，你校的外籍教师Green先生准备进行一次关于西方文化的主题讲座，他发电子邮件向你询问你最喜欢的话题。请你用英语写一封回信，内容包括：
1．推荐你最喜欢的两个话题；
2．简要说明推荐理由；
3．表达对讲座的期待。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Mr
Green，
I
am
very
happy
to
hear
that
you
will
give
a
lecture
on
western
culture.
Yours，
Li
Hua
参考范文：
Dear
Mr
Green，
I
am
very
happy
to
hear
that
you
will
give
a
lecture
on
western
culture.
Knowing
that
you're
asking
for
advice
on
my
favorite
topics
related
to
it,
I
would
like
to
share
what
I
am
interested
in
most.
As
we
all
know,
western
culture
is
quite
different,
especially
the
history
of
religion.
Therefore,
I
wonder
if
you
could
tell
us
something
about
it
to
enrich
our
knowledge.
What's
more,
how
to
follow
western
table
manners
is
also
a
good
topic
because
some
of
us
are
going
to
study
abroad
after
graduation.
It
is
the
proper
behavior
at
meals
that
can
help
us
to
get
along
well
with
foreigners.
I
am
looking
forward
to
your
excellent
lecture
and
I
am
willing
to
help
if
you
want
more
information.
Yours，
Li
Hua
【反思小结】第三十八讲
Module
2 Highlights
of
My
Senior
Year
【知识熟记】
一、
高频单词
1．settle
v．解决；处理；定居；停留；平静，放松
(1)settle
down
(使)平静；(使)稳定；定居
settle
down
to
(doing)
sth.
安心于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事
settle
in/into
...
迁入(新居)；习惯于……
(2)settlement
n.
安顿；定居点；解决；协议
settler
n.
移民；殖民者
①Since
you
have
settled
down
in
a
new
country,
you
have
to
make
an
adjustment
to
the
new
environment.
既然你已在一个新的国家定居，你必须调整以适应新的环境。
②Something
is
bothering
him,
so
he
can't
settle_down_to
his
study.
有一些事情一直困扰着他，所以他难以安心学习。
2．develop
v．发展；培养
develop
the
habit
of
养成……的习惯
develop
into
发展成为；长成
with
the
development
of
随着……的发展
under
development
在发展中
①Keeping
a
diary
in
English
can
help
us
develop_the_habit_of_thinking
in
English.
用英语记日记有助于我们养成用英语思考的习惯。
②The
parents
hoped
that
their
son
would
develop_into
a
strong
man.
这对父母希望他们的儿子发展成为一个坚强的人。
3．suit
v．合适；适合；相配；合心意n.套装
(1)suit
sb.(fine)
(很)合某人的意；对某人(很)合适
suit
...to
...
使……适合于……
a
suit
of
一套……
(2)suitable
adj.
适当的；相配的；恰当的
be
suitable
for
...
适合于……
be
suitable
to
do
...
适合做……
①He
can
suit_his
conversation
to
whoever
he's
with.
无论跟谁说话，他都能与其说到一块儿去。
②Many
of
the
fish
caught
for
sport
are
not
suitable
(suit)
for
eating,
so
they
are
thrown
away.
许多为了运动而钓来的鱼并不适合食用，所以它们又被扔掉了。
4．keen
adj.渴望的，热切的，热心的
be
keen
on
sb./sth./doing
sth.
喜欢某人/某物/做某事
be
keen
to
do
...
渴望做……
be
keen
for
sth.
to
do
渴望某事发生
be
keen
that
...
渴望……
①She
likes
Biology,
but
she's
not
too
keen
on
Physics.
她喜欢生物学，但不大喜欢物理。
②The
government
is
keen
for
peace
talks
to_start
(start)
again.
政府渴望重启和平会谈。
5．consider
v．认为；考虑
(1)consider
(考虑)＋
(2)consider
(认为)＋
(3)consideration
n．
考虑，体谅
take
...into
consideration
考虑到……，顾及到……
under
consideration
正在考虑之中
(4)considering
prep.
考虑到；鉴于
considerate
adj.
关切的；体谅的；体贴的
considerable
adj.
相当多的；相当大的
①I'm
considering
becoming
(become)
a
teacher
after
graduation
because
a
teacher
is
often
considered
to_be
(be)
the
engineer
of
human
souls.
我在考虑毕业后当老师，因为老师常被认为是人类灵魂的工程师。
②Everything
taken
into
consideration,
they
trusted
themselves
more
and
returned
to
their
positions.
把一切考虑在内后，他们更相信自己并且回到了自己的职位上。
6．attract
v．吸引；引起(兴趣、关注等)
(1)attract
sb.to
...
把某人吸引到……
attract
one's
attention
吸引某人的注意力
(2)attraction
n.
吸引；吸引力
tourist
attraction
旅游胜地
(3)attractive
adj.
吸引人的；迷人的，有魅力的
be
attractive
to
对……有吸引力
①What
first
attracted_me_to
her
was
her
sense
of
humor.
她首先吸引我的是她的幽默感。
②Mount
Tai
is
attractive
(attract)
to
tourists
for
its
beautiful
scenery
and
historical
sites.
泰山的风景名胜和历史古迹对旅游者很有吸引力。
7．upset
v．使心烦意乱，使心情不好；打翻adj.心烦意乱的
(1)upset
oneself
about
sth.
为某事而烦恼
It
upsets
sb.
to
do
sth./that
...
让某人心烦的是……
(2)be
upset
about/over/at
sth.
为某事心烦/难过
be
upset
to
do
sth.
对做某事感到不安/难过
①Don't
upset_yourself_about
it
—
no
harm
has
been
done.
不要为那件事烦恼——没有造成损失。
②She
was
upset
to_know
(know)
that
her
application
for
the
position
was
refused.
得知她对这个职位的申请遭到拒绝，她感到很沮丧。
[名师指津] (1)upset充当形容词时常用作表语，不能作定语。
(2)upset的过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset，其现在分词形式为upsetting。
高频短语
1．have
fun(＝
have
a
good
time/enjoy
oneself)玩得开心
have
fun
with
sb.
和某人玩得开心
have
fun
doing
sth.
做某事很开心
make
fun
of
取笑；嘲弄；开……的玩笑
for
fun
为了好玩
What
fun!
(听起来)多有趣啊！
①People
make_fun_of
her
because
she
is
wearing
such
a
strange
hat.
人们取笑她是因为她戴着一顶奇怪的帽子。
②The
children
always
have
fun
playing
(play)
building
blocks.
孩子们总是玩积木玩得很开心。
[名师指津] fun表示“乐趣，玩笑”是不可数名词，前面不能用冠词a，但可用great,
much,
a
lot
of等对其进行修饰。
③The
children
were
having_great_fun
and
I
hated
to
call
them
inside.
孩子们正玩得很开心，我舍不得把他们叫进来。
高频句子
1．find＋宾语＋宾补
Meanwhile,
I
find_myself_looking_back_at
my
senior
year,
and
thinking
about
all
the
wonderful
things
that
have
happened.
同时，我发觉自己在回顾自己高中最后一年的时光，追忆所有发生过的美好往事。
(1)“find
oneself＋宾语补足语”通常表示“在事先毫无知觉的情况下突然发现自己处于某种状态”。宾语补足语常由介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、形容词或副词充当，一般不用不定式，但可用to
be。
(2)find＋sb./sth.＋宾语补足语，表示“发现某人/某物……”。
(3)find
＋
it
＋
adj./n.
＋
to
do
sth.
表示“发现/认为做某事……”。
①When
he
woke
up,
he
found_himself_lying
in
the
street.
当他醒来时，他发现自己正躺在大街上。
②We
find
the
story
(to_be)_very_interesting.
我们发现这个故事很有趣。
③When
I
got
off
the
crowded
bus,
I
found
my
pocket
stolen
(steal)
and
the
disk
in
it
with
the
important
documents
gone.
当我从拥挤的公交车上下来时，我发现我的口袋被人偷了，里面存有重要文件的硬盘不见了。
④The
two
girls
are
so
alike
that
strangers
find
it
difficult
to_tell
(tell)
one
from
the
other.
这两个女孩长得很像，陌生人很难把她们区分开。
2．be
likely
to
do
sth.可能会做某事
Sth./Sb.is
likely
to
do
...
物/人可能会做……
It's
likely/possible/probable
that
...
可能会……
It's
possible
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.
(某人)可能会做某事
①Many
bad
habits
can
be
especially
difficult
to
cure
because
they
are_likely_to
have
been
formed
at
a
very
young
age.
许多坏习惯特别难以纠正，因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成的。
②I
am
likely
to
visit
your
laboratory
around
Christmas
time
as
you
suggested.
→It's_likely/possible/probable
that
I
will
visit
your
laboratory
around
Christmas
time
as
you
suggested.
→It
is
possible
for
me
to_visit
(visit)
your
laboratory
around
Christmas
time
as
you
suggested.
我可能像您建议的那样，在圣诞节前后去参观您的实验室。
【基础巩固】
一、单句语法填空
1．In
the
school,
children
could
have
fun
playing
(play)
with
each
other.
2．With
the
development
(develop)
of
the
Internet,
less
communication
will
be
done
by
regular
mail.
3．On
behalf
of
my
country
and
in
the
name
of
the
other
leaders
of
the
world,
with
whom
I
have
talked,
I
appeal
for
a
peaceful
settlement
(settle)
to
the
conflicts.
4．Lack
of
experience
made
John
fail
in
the
interview,
but
it
didn't
mean
that
he
couldn't
find
a
suitable
(suit)
job.
5．Not
until
he
retired
from
teaching
three
years
ago
did
he
consider
having
(have)
a
holiday
abroad.
6．Taking
exercise
is
attractive
(attract)
to
many
people
because
it
will
make
them
healthy.
7．I
was
very
upset
to_find
(find)
out
that
he
didn't
like
my
gift
at
all.
8．In
general,
the
northerners
are
keen
on
dumplings
while
the
southerners
are
fond
of
rice.
9．Living
in
a
highly
competitive
(compete)
society,
you
definitely
have
to
arm
yourself
with
modern
technology
and
skills.
10．As
far
as
I
am_concerned
(concern),
school
is
my
home
and
teachers
are
my
parents.
二、单句改错
1．Was
it
on
that
lonely
island
that
the
family
finally
settled
on？第二个on→down_
2．The
park
modeled
after
life
in
the
days
of
King
Arthur
is
one
of
the
main
attraction
of
the
city.attraction→attractions
3．Your
mother
won't
agree
with
you
on
that,
you
know,
this
hairstyle
is
not
suitable
to
a
student.to→for
4．We
must
find
carpets
that'll
suit
the
curtains.suit→match
5．I
hope
you
can
take
my
suggestion
in
consideration.
in→into
6．What
a
fun
it
is
to
jump
into
a
pool
or
go
swimming
in
a
river
in
summer！去掉a
三、根据提示词或结构补全句子
1．所有孩子都将会很开心地帮助农民干农活。(have
fun
doing)
All
the
children
will_have_fun_helping_the_farmers
with
the
farm
work.
2．汤姆乘的士赶到机场，结果却发现他要乘坐的飞机已经飞入高空了。(find＋复合宾语)
Tom
took
a
taxi
to
the
airport,
only_to_find_his_plane_high_up_in_the_sky.
3．我女儿正在考虑买一部数码相机，她认为相机对她的工作帮助很大。(consider
doing,
consider
...
as/to
be
...)
My
daughter
is_considering_buying_a_digital_camera,_which_is_considered_as/to_be_a_great_help
to
her
work.
4．有些学生发觉理解英语语法不容易。(find
it
＋宾补＋to
do
...)
Some
students
find_it_not_easy_to_understand
English
grammar.
5．我们四处漫步后发现自己不知不觉回到了饭店。(find＋宾语＋宾补)
After
wandering
around,
we
found_ourselves_back
at
the
hotel.
6．我认为孩子应养成独立学习和生活的习惯。
(develop
the
habit
of
)
I
think
children
should
develop_the_habit_of_learning_and_living_independently.
7．我知道你在为考试失利而难过，但是你别再自责了。因为你已经尽力了。(be
upset
about)
I
know
you're
upset_about_failing_that_test,_but
stop
kicking
yourself,
you
tried
your
best.
8．展览会非常成功，迄今为止吸引了成千上万的参观者。(attract)
The
exhibition
is
so
successful
that_it_has_attracted_thousands_of_visitors
so
far.
四、句型转换
1．It
is
possible
for
him
to
win
the
political
campaign
and
become
the
president.
→He
is_likely_to_win
the
political
campaign
and
become
the
president.
→It_is_likely/possible/probable
that
he
will
win
the
political
campaign
and
become
the
president.
2．他适合干这项工作，因为他非常细心。
①He_is_suitable_to_do_the_job
because
he
is
very
careful.
(be
suitable
to
do)
②He_is_suitable_for_the_job
because
he
is
very
careful.
(be
suitable
for)
③The_job_suits_him_well
because
he
is
very
careful.
(suit
sb.
)
【能力提升】
阅读理解
Do
you
have
lunch
at
school?
Do
you
like
having
lunch
at
school?
School
dinners
(that
means
“lunch”)
are
a
hot
topic
in
the
UK
these
days
and
there
are
lots
of
different
opinions
about
what
young
people
eat
at
lunchtime.
Some
people
think
that
school
meals
are
unhealthy;
some
people
say
that
they
are
much
better
than
in
the
past
and
others
say
that
midday
meals
should
be
free
for
all
school
children.
A
typical
school
dinner
costs
about
2
pounds
a
day
for
a
secondary
pupil
in
the
UK.
There
is
usually
a
main
course,
a
dessert
and
a
drink.
Parents
often
pay
in
advance
online.
School
dinners
must
include
food
groups
such
as
fruit
and
vegetables,
protein
(for
example
meat,
fish
or
cheese)
and
carbohydrate
(for
example
rice
or
pasta).
There
are
rules
about
how
the
food
is
prepared,
for
example
there
are
limits
on
the
quantity
of
fried
food.
Martha
Payne,
from
Scotland,
started
a
blog
called
Neverseconds
about
her
school
dinners
when
she
was
just
nine
years
old.
She
posts
photographs
of
her
lunch
every
day
and
gives
the
food
a
grade
out
of
ten.
The
grade
depends
on
the
quality
and
quantity
of
the
food
and
how
healthy
it
is.
She
doesn't
always
give
good
grades.
Her
complaints
include
too
much
fried
food,
small
quantities
and
hair
in
the
food.
Many
people
read
her
blog
and
young
people
from
all
over
the
world
post
pictures,
of
their
school
meals
on
Neverseconds.
Jamie
Oliver,
the
celebrity
British
chef,
is
concerned
about
school
dinners.
He
thinks
that
they
need
to
be
healthier
and
tastier.
Jamie
helped
to
promote
Martha's
blog
by
tweeting
(在推特上写)
about
it
and
Neverseconds
became
very
popular,
very
quickly
on
social
media
websites.
On
the
blog,
Martha
also
collects
money
for
charity.
The
money
is
used
to
provide
food
for
more
than
600,000
poor
children
around
the
world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了学校午餐成为热门话题以及人们对此所持的观点。
1．School
dinners
can
be
a
hot
topic
in
the
UK
these
days
because
________.
A．parents
cannot
afford
to
pay
for
them
B．they
have
led
to
many
healthy
problems
C．people
have
different
opinions
about
them
D．there
are
no
rules
about
how
the
food
is
prepared
2．What
do
you
know
about
the
typical
school
dinner
in
the
UK?
A．It's
free
for
all
school
children.
B．It
costs
about
2
pounds
a
day
for
a
secondary
pupil.
C．It's
low
in
protein
and
carbohydrate.
D．It
has
no
fruit
or
vegetables.
3．Which
of
the
following
is
the
example
of
the
underlined
word
“complaints”？
A．He
has
never
phoned
me
since
we
parted.
B．She
posts
photographs
every
day
in
her
blog.
C．They
are
always
doing
their
work
pretty
well.
D．Today
we
had
pizza,
salad,
then
an
apple
for
dessert.
4．How
did
Martha
Payne's
blog
become
popular?
A．Jamie
Oliver
helped
to
promote
it.
B．Many
people
collected
money
for
it.
C．Poor
children
could
get
free
food
from
it.
D．Martha
Payne
spent
most
of
her
time
on
it.
二、阅读七选五
How
to
Improve
Eyesight
Naturally
Eyes
are
important
for
everybody.
You
must
take
care
and
try
everything
in
hand
to
keep
them
in
good
condition.
Here
are
some
tips
to
improve
your
eyesight
naturally.
__1__Strain
is
known
to
be
a
factor
in
many
health
conditions
and
eye
strain
is
no
exception.
Try
meditation,
yoga
or
other
methods
of
stress
relief
to
improve
your
vision
and
overall
health.
Try
palming.
Sit
upright
in
a
comfortable
chair.
__2__
Cup
your
hands
so
that
there
is
no
pressure
on
your
eyes.
Let
your
fingers
rest
across
your
forehead.
There
should
be
no
light
entering
your
eyes.
Palming
should
be
done
for
a
period
of
5
to
10
minutes
to
start.
Palming
should
be
relaxing.
It
may
help
to
do
palming
in
a
darkened
room.
Avoid
sugar
as
much
as
possible.
__3__
It
will
unpleasantly
affect
your
eyesight,
which
affects
the
eyes
by
producing
a
larger
amount
of
insulin
(胰岛素)
in
the
blood.
Therefore
you
shouldn't
be
having
much
fruit
juice
or
something
that
contains
a
lot
of
sugar.
Exercise
your
eyes.
The
only
exercise
most
eyes
get
is
daily
rubbing
when
we're
tired
or
suffering
from
eye
strain.
But
eye
exercise
is
actually
good
for
your
eyes
and
can
improve
your
vision.
__4__
Blink
as
fast
as
you
can
for
a
few
seconds,
then
close
your
eyes
tightly,
open
and
repeat.
Do
this
exercise
3
to
4
times
daily.
Eat
healthy
foods.
You
probably
hear
the
statement
all
the
time
that
eating
the
right
foods
is
necessary
for
good
health.
__5__
Foods
that
are
high
in
fiber,
vitamin
C,
D
and
beta?carotene
as
well
as
other
vitamins
and
minerals
can
help
improve
your
vision.
Here
are
a
few
foods
that
can
be
beneficial
to
good
vision:
carrots,
eggs,
blueberries,
spinach,
kale,
grapes,
and
fresh
garlic.
A．Reduce
eye
strain.
B．Keep
your
eyes
moist.
C．Sugar
is
your
eyes'
worst
enemy.
D．Give
your
eyes
a
workout
with
the
following
exercise.
E．You
may
not
be
aware
that
your
diet
affects
your
vision,
but
it
does.
F．Close
your
eyes
and
cover
them
with
the
palms
of
your
hands.
G．Be
sure
to
get
plenty
of
sleep
so
that
your
eyes
don't
strain
to
stay
open
during
the
day.
【反思小结】第四十讲
Module
4 Music
Born
in
America
【知识熟记】
一、
高频单词
1．harmony
n．融洽，一致；协调
(1)in
harmony
with
...
与……协调
out
of
harmony
with
...
与……不协调
live
in
harmony
和睦相处，和谐共处
(2)harmonious
adj.
和谐的，和睦的；协调的
①We
are
looking
forward
to
building
a
better
society
in_harmony_with
nature.
我们希望构建一个与大自然和谐共处的更好的社会。
②The
decor
is
a
harmonious
(harmony)
blend
of
traditional
and
modern.
这种装饰风格是传统和现代的和谐统一。
2．devote
v．为……付出时间/努力/金钱等
(1)devote
one's
life/time/money/energy
to
(doing)
sth.
把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力
奉献于/投入到(做)某事中
devote
oneself
to
(doing)
sth.
献身于/致力于(做)某事
(2)devoted
adj.
忠实的；深爱的
be
devoted
to
(doing)
sth.
专心于/奉献于(做)某事
(3)devotion
n.
关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚
①Devoting
(devote)
herself
to
teaching
the
deaf
children,
the
young
lady
has
little
time
to
care
for
her
own
daughter.
→Devoted
(devote)
to
teaching
the
deaf
children,
the
young
lady
has
little
time
to
care
for
her
own
daughter.
全身心投入到教育失聪儿童中，这位年轻女士很少有时间照顾她自己的女儿。
②The
dog
had
such
devotion
(devote)
to
its
master
that
it
would
not
leave
him,
even
when
he
was
dead.
这只狗对它的主人是如此的忠诚，甚至当他死了它也不愿离开。
3．arise
vi.(由……)引起(产生)；出现；起身；起床
[一词多义] 写出下列句中arise的含义
①Seeing
his
mother
return
home,
the
boy
arose
from
his
chair
immediately.起身
②A
number
of
high
buildings
have
arisen
where
there
was
nothing
a
year
ago
but
ruins.出现
③They
arose
at
sunrise
to
get
an
early
start
to
the
park.起床
④It
can't
be
too
careful
while
driving.Accidents
often
arise
from
carelessness.(由……)引起
[辨析比较] arise,
arouse,
rise,
raise
原形
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
arise
vi.出现；发生；起因于；起床
arose
arisen
arising
arouse
vt.唤醒；激起
aroused
aroused
arousing
rise
vi.升起；起身；增长；上升
rose
risen
rising
raise
vt.举起；抚养；提高；饲养
raised
raised
raising
选用以上单词填空
⑤As
is
known
to
us,
the
sun
rises
in
the
east
and
sets
in
the
west.
⑥Years
of
experience
in
driving
made
Mr
Black
convinced
that
he
could
deal
with
emergencies
arising
at
any
time.
⑦Give
your
child
some
old
machines
such
as
a
broken
radio
or
TV
set
to
play
with
and
it
will
arouse
his
curiosity.
⑧To
raise
people's
awareness
of
protecting
the
environment,
we
launched
a
campaign.
4．decline
n．&
v．衰退；下降；减少；谢绝，婉拒
(1)be
in
decline
处于下降/衰退中
on
the
decline
在衰退；在没落中；在消减
(2)decline
to
do
sth.
谢绝/拒绝做某事
①The
officer
at
first
declined
to_make
(make)
a
statement
about
this
incident,
but
later
she
agreed
under
the
pressure
of
public
opinion.
这位官员起初对这起事件拒绝发表声明，但是迫于公众的舆论压力她后来又同意了。
②The
number
of
people
who
run
the
red
light
has
been
on_the_decline
since
the
new
traffic
regulations
came
into
effect.
自从新的交通法规实施以来，闯红灯的人数下降了。
③The
number
of
tourists
to
the
resort
declined
by
10%
last
year
to
5
million.
到该度假胜地的游客人数去年下降了10%，减少到5百万。
[名师指津] 表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度常用介词by，后面常跟百分数；表示“增加到”或“减少到”常用介词to，后面常跟具体数字。
高频短语
1．far
from离……远；一点也不，远非，完全不
far
from＋
远远不是……；一点也不……
far
from
doing
sth.
决不会做某事
far
from
it
完全相反；远非如此
①The
most
obvious
goal
of
a
college
education
is
to
give
knowledge,
but
it
is
far_from_the_most_important.
大学教育最显著的目标是授予知识，但这远不是最重要的。
②Far_from_helping
the
situation,
you
have
just
made
it
worse.
你非但对情况没有帮助，反而使它更糟糕了。
③—Is
he
a
good
doctor?
—Far_from_it.
——他是位优秀的医生吗？
——完全相反。
2．rather
than
而不是
(2)or
rather
更确切地说
other
than
除……之外
more
than
很，非常，超过，不仅仅是
①The
children
would
cycle
to
the
countryside
rather_than
stay
indoors
all
the
day.
孩子们宁可骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。
②In
my
opinion,
it
is
you
rather
than
he
that
are
(be)
to
blame
for
the
terrible
accident.
在我看来，是你而不是他该对这次可怕的事故负责任。
[名师指津] rather
than连接主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词应与rather
than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
[扮靓写作] 例句①的其他表达方式
①The
children
preferred
to
cycle
to
the
countryside
rather
than
stay
indoors
all
the
day.
②The
children
would
rather
cycle
to
the
countryside
than
stay
indoors
all
the
day.
高频句子
1.
It
doesn't
matter
(to
sb.)＋从句
My
message
is
that
it_doesn't_matter
if
you're
black,
white,
fat,
thin,
old
and
young
...
我想告诉大家的是，不管你是黑人还是白人，肥胖还是瘦小，年长还是年幼，这些都不重要……
It
doesn't
matter
(to
sb.)＋从句，意为“……(对某人来说)没有关系/不要紧”。
①So
long
as
you
are
happy,
it_doesn't_matter
how
much
I
will
suffer.
只要你幸福，我受多少苦都不要紧。
(1)It
matters
a
lot/a
great
deal＋从句
……非常重要
It
doesn't
matter.
(口语)没关系。
What
matters
is
...
要紧的是……
(2)a
matter
of
...
……的问题
as
a
matter
of
fact
实际上，事实上
What's
the
matter?
(口语)怎么了？
to
make
matters
worse
更糟糕的是
②As_a_matter_of_fact,_it_doesn't_matter
whether
a
man
is
tall,
rich
or
handsome,
and
what_matters
is
that
he
should
be
wise,
hardworking
and
responsible.
实际上，男人是否是高富帅并不重要，重要的是他聪明、能干而且有责任心。
③And
to_make_matters_worse,_its
new
owner
had
no
plans
to
give
it
the
funds
it
required.
而且更糟糕的是，它的新主人并没有打算给它所需要的资金。
【基础巩固】
一、单句语法填空
1．After
over
a
decade
of
production
use,
though,
no
other
serious
competitor
has_arisen
(arise)
by
far.
2．The
show
was
far
from
a
failure;
it
was
a
great
success.
3．Building
harmonious
(harmony)
society
is
the
need
of
development
of
human
society.
4．I
have
full
confidence
in
your
courage,
devotion
(devote)
to
duty,
and
skill
in
battle.
5．The
new
teacher
made
a
good
impression
on
the
students
by
her
rich
knowledge
and
humorous
(humor)
talk.
6．At
the
meeting
they
discussed
three
different
approaches
to
the
study
of
mathematics.
7．The
monkey
suddenly
emerged
from
behind
the
tree,
frightening
Lucy
into
screaming.
8．Trying
to
persuade
him
to
quit
smoking
(smoke)
was
in
vain,
because
he
continued
to
smoke
when
we
were
not
at
home.
9．Many
people
gathered
to
make
a
protest
against
killing
animals
for
food.
10．Touched
(touch)
by
the
scene
of
the
film,
I
couldn't
help
crying.
二、单句改错
1．Peter
came
up
with
an
approach
to
solve
the
problem
at
the
meeting,
but
most
of
his
colleagues
didn't
think
it
was
practical.
solve→solving
2．All
her
time
is
devoted
to
do
experiments,
and
she
has
no
time
for
housework.
do→doing
3．As
is
known
to
all,
emotional
or
mental
problems
can
rise
from
a
physical
cause.
rise→arise
4．In
addition,
every
student
can
be
in
the
harmony
with
foreign
friends,
which
makes
it
easy
for
you
to
get
along
with
them.
去掉the
5．His
interest
in
computer
games
is
now
on
decline.
on→in或on后加the
三、根据提示词或结构补全句子
1．由于有紧急的事要处理，她谢绝了与我们一起吃晚餐。(decline)
She
declined_to_have_dinner_with_us
on
account
of
urgent
business.
2．实际上，我们犯错是不要紧的，重要的是我们要从中吸取教训。(it
doesn't
matter
that)
As
a
matter
of
fact，it_doesn't_matter_that_we_make_mistakes,_and
what_matters_is_that
we
draw
a
lesson
from
them.
3．众所周知，事故常起因于粗心。(arise
from)
As
is
known
to
all,
accidents_often_arise_from_carelessness.
4．只有当我们意识到互助的重要性时，我们才能致力于建设一个和谐社会。(be
devoted
to,
harmonious)
Only
when
we
realize
the
importance
of
helping
each
other
can_we_be_devoted_to_building_a_harmonious_society.
5．由于经济危机，我们产品的销量去年下降了5%。(decline)
The
sales
of
our
products
declined_by_5%_because_of_the_economic_crisis
last
year.
6．绝不能分开，大脑和身体形成一个有机的整体。(far
from)
Far_from__being_separate,_the
mind
and
body
form
an
indivisible
whole.
四、句型转换
1．他宁愿在家看电视也不愿意去听音乐会。
①He_prefers_to_stay_at_home_watching_TV_rather_than_go_to_the_concert.(prefer
to
do
sth.
rather
than
do
sth.)
②He_would_stay_at_home_watching_TV_rather_than_go_to_the_concert.(would
do
sth.
rather
than
do
sth.)
③He
would
rather
stay
at
home
watching
TV
than
go
to
the
concert.(would
rather
do
sth.
that
do
sth.)
2．①Social_harmony
(社会和谐)
is
very
important
to
us.
Only
if
people
②live_in_harmony
(和谐共处)
with
each
other
can
we
③have_a_harmonious_society
(拥有一个和谐社会).
It
is
also
very
important
to
④be_in_harmony_with
(与……协调)
nature.
If
we
⑤are_out_of_harmony_with
(与……不协调)
nature,
it
will
punish
us
in
turn.
【能力提升】
一、阅读理解
A
Square
dancing
is
a
form
of
entertainment
and
physical
exercise,
which
is
a
good
thing.
However,
a
group
of
senior
Chinese
ladies
dancing
in
New
York's
Sunset
Park
were
recently
faced
with
noise
complaints
from
nearby
residents.
The
local
court
even
served
a
summons
(传票)
related
to
a
certain
Ms.
Wang.
The
news
soon
caused
heated
discussion
across
China,
with
many
believing
the
incident
to
involve
a
cultural
conflict
between
the
East
and
West,
while
others
view
it
as
a
form
of
discrimination
against
Chinese
in
the
United
States.
The
United
States
is
a
diverse
society,
and
in
many
cases,
Chinese
dancers
are
tolerated
and
even
appreciated.
Meanwhile,
the
United
States
is
a
society
based
on
the
rule
of
law,
and
due
to
cultural
differences,
local
regulations
seem
to
be
very
different
from
those
in
China.
As
a
result,
some
old
Chinese
ladies
dancing
in
New
York's
Sunset
Park
found
themselves
caught
in
an
embarrassing
situation.
Locals
and
immigrants
from
other
nations
view
such
noise
as
a
violation
of
their
right
to
enjoy
tranquillity.
Calling
the
police
is
regarded
as
the
most
efficient
way
to
solve
such
a
problem.
Before,
these
ladies
probably
did
not
understand
local
customs
and
rules.
However,
since
the
incident
took
place,
they
should
perhaps
know
a
little
better
next
time
and
keep
the
noise
to
a
minimum.
People
from
different
nations
are
often
supposed
to
reach
compromises,
respecting
and
tolerating
each
other.
Whatever
your
choice
of
entertainment
is,
it
is
important
not
to
affect
other
people's
lives.
Square
dancing
is
only
one
of
many
activities
during
which
people
should
mind
their
behavior.
As
for
U．S.
police
practice,
there
might
still
be
some
room
for
improvement.
Some
were
said
to
be
rather
rude,
leading
to
the
so?called
“racial
discrimination”，
which
is
a
sensitive
topic
in
U．S.
society.
If
the
involved
parties
could
be
more
tolerant,
and
solve
such
problems
without
involving
the
court,
perhaps
immigrants
would
mix
more.
语篇解读：人们对于广场舞褒贬不一，本文通过中国大妈在纽约跳广场舞的事例总结出人们应换位思考、相互理解、相互包容。
1．The
writer
mentions
the
incident
in
Paragraph
1
to
________.
A．show
his
opinion
B．make
complaints
C．bring
up
the
topic
D．criticize
the
local
police
2．The
underlined
word
“tranquillity”
in
Paragraph
3
can
be
replaced
by
“________”．
A．entertainment
B．quietness
C．freedom
D．quality
3．What
will
the
senior
Chinese
ladies
most
probably
do
after
the
incident?
A．Go
back
to
China.
B．Fight
for
their
right.
C．Ask
America
to
change
its
law.
D．Keep
the
noise
the
lowest.
4．What's
the
writer's
attitude
towards
senior
Chinese
ladies
dancing
in
New
York's
Sunset
Park?
A．He
thinks
all
parties
involved
should
be
more
tolerant.
B．He
strongly
supports
the
action
of
the
local
police.
C．He
considers
it
a
shame
for
senior
Chinese
ladies
to
do
so.
D．He
suggests
such
kind
of
problem
should
be
solved
in
the
court.
B
If
you're
headed
to
a
rock
concert,
you
may
want
to
pack
earplugs
(耳塞).
Wearing
earplugs
may
seem
strange,
especially
when
you're
going
to
listen
to
live
music.
Doing
so,
though,
just
might
prevent
hearing
loss.
Most
people
have
no
idea
how
serious
hearing
loss
is
until
they
experience
it.
About
1.1
billion
teenagers
and
young
adults
are
at
risk
of
hearing
loss.
A
main
cause
is
their
exposure
to
loud
sounds.
This
includes
listening
to
music
too
loudly
on
mobile
devices
and
attending
live
music
events.
To
understand
how
loud
music
can
affect
hearing,
Grolman
and
his
team
tested
each
volunteer's
hearing
before
the
music
festival
started.
Then
the
volunteers
are
divided
into
two
groups.
Half
were
given
earplugs
to
wear
during
the
4.5?hour
concert.
The
rest
listened
to
the
music
normally.
Measurements
showed
sounds
usually
hovered
at
around
100
decibels
(分贝).
That's
a
level
at
which
hearing
loss
may
happen
—
especially
if
the
noise
level
lasts
for
a
long
time.
After
the
festival,
each
volunteer's
hearing
was
tested
again.
Compared
with
those
who
wore
earplugs,
those
listening
with
unprotected
ears
were
roughly
five
times
as
likely
to
have
some
temporary
(暂时的)
hearing
loss.
People
don't
usually
notice
temporary
hearing
loss.
“For
example,
you
may
hear
the
birds
singing
before
a
loud
event,
but
you
may
not
hear
them
afterward，”
Grolman
explains.
“It
can
last
for
seconds,
hours
or
longer.
But_repeated_exposure_to_loud_sounds_can_add_up.”
“Earplugs
reduce
the
hearing
damage，”
says
Grolman.
There
are,
however,
other
ways
to
protect
your
ears.
The
easiest
way
is
to
turn
down
the
music
or
take
breaks
from
loud
spaces.
Grolman
plans
to
investigate
why
people
refuse
to
use
earplugs
or
control
sound
levels
in
the
car
and
on
the
phone.
“We
want
to
understand
the
feelings
loud
music
gives
us，”
he
says.
“We
need
to
understand
that
in
order
to
get
people
to
do
what
they
need
to
do
to
prevent
hearing
loss.”
语篇解读：本文为说明文。很多人，尤其是青少年喜欢参加现场音乐会，但是巨大的声音会导致他们的听力丧失，因此本文建议人们戴上耳机，这样能减轻听力遭受的损害。
5．What
can
we
infer
from
the
second
paragraph?
A．Teenagers
find
live
music
exciting.
B．People
don't
take
hearing
loss
seriously.
C．Most
people
have
no
experience
of
hearing
loss.
D．Mobile
devices
are
suitable
for
listening
to
music.
6．The
study
made
by
Grolman
proves
that
________.
A．the
noise
level
isn't
always
high
B．wearing
earplugs
prevents
hearing
loss
C．hearing
loss
happens
below
100
decibels
D．it
is
enjoyable
to
listen
to
music
normally
7．By
“But
repeated
exposure
to
loud
sounds
can
add
up”，
Grolman
means
“________”．
A．being
exposed
to
loud
music
causes
long?time
damage
B．the
sounds
of
loud
music
can
become
higher
and
higher
C．people
can
calculate
the
times
of
listening
to
loud
music
D．listening
to
music
repeatedly
increases
your
hearing
ability
8．What
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Protecting
your
ears
earlier
B．The
influence
of
hearing
loss
C．Keeping
away
from
live
music
D．Heading
to
a
concert
with
earplugs
【反思小结】第四十一讲
Ethnic
Culture
【知识熟记】
一、
高频单词
1．adjust
v．适应，使适应；调整；调节
(1)adjust
to
(doing)
sth.
适应于(做)某事(to为介词)
adjust
oneself
to
...
使自己适应/适应于……
adjust
...
to
...
调整……以适应……
(2)adjustment
n.
调整；调节；适应
make
an
adjustment
to
...
对……进行调整
①You
can
adjust
the
desks
and
seats
to
the
height
of
any
child.
你可以调节桌椅的高度以适应任何儿童的身高。
②Mother
was
worried
about
whether
she
could
adjust
to
living
(live)
in
the
mountainous
village
alone.
母亲担心她能否适应独自一人生活在那个山村里。
③Because
of
the
economic
crisis,
they
had
to
make_many_adjustments_to
the
price
of
bananas.
由于经济危机，他们不得不对香蕉的价格进行了许多调整。
2．furnish
v．为(房屋或房间)配备家具；提供，供应
(1)furnish
...with
...
用……装备……；给……提供/供应
furnish
...to/for
...
为……提供……
be
furnished
with
...
备有……，安装有……
(2)furniture
n.
家具(不可数名词)
a
piece/an
article
of
furniture
一件家具
a
suit
of
furniture
一套家具
①We
came
into
his
house
and
found
it
was
only
furnished
with
a
table,
two
chairs
and
a
bed.
我们进入他的房间，发现里面只布置了一张桌子、两把椅子和一张床。
②They
were
kind
enough
to
furnish
food
and
shelter
for/to
the
refugees.
他们非常好心地为难民提供食宿。
[联想发散] 与furnish
...
with
...同义的短语还有：equip
...with
...,
fit
up
...
with
...等。
3．minority
n．少数民族；少数
(1)a/the
minority
of
少数的
be
in
the/a
minority
占少数
(2)majority
n.
多数，多半
be
in
the/a
majority
占多数
a/the
majority
of
……的大多数
①But
even
though
some
British
people
are
quite
strange,
the
majority
of
them
are
(be)
really
friendly
and
I've
made
some
good
friends.
虽然有些英国人十分古怪，但是大多数人都很友好，我已经结交了一些好朋友。
②The
white
are_in_the/a_majority
in
Australia
while
the
native
people
are_in_the/a_minority.
在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。
[名师指津] minority/majority作主语，强调整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；强调群体中的每一个个体时，谓语动词用复数形式；a/the
minority/majority
of＋n.作主语时，谓语视of后名词的单复数而定。
4．run
v．控制；管理，经营；跑；开动(机器等)，运转；延伸；褪色
(1)run
after
追赶；追逐；追求
run
away
from
逃离；逃避
run
across
偶然遇见
run
into
遇到；撞上
run
out
(of)
花光，用完；耗尽
(2)in
the
long/short
run
从长期/短期来看
①I
ran_across
David
while
walking
along
the
street
yesterday.
I
hadn't
seen
him
for
three
years.
昨天我在街上走着时遇见了戴维。我三年没见到他了。
②We
have
already
run_out_of
our
money
and
I
don't
know
what
to
do
next.
我们的钱已经用完了，我不知道下一步该怎么办。
5．fasten
v．缚紧，系牢
fasten
sth.
to
sth.
把某物系/固定/贴在另一物上
fasten
up
拴紧；钉牢；关紧
fasten
one's
eyes
on
注视着；盯着
fasten
one's
attention
on
集中注意力于
①Her
picture
was_fastened
(fasten)
with
a
pin
to
the
wall.
她的照片用大头针固定在墙上。
②She
fastened
all
her
attention
on
her
swimming
children.
她全部的注意力都集中在正在游泳的孩子们身上。
高频短语
1．set
off出发，动身；使开始做；燃放(烟火、鞭炮等)；衬托；使……开动，起动；引起
[一词多义] 写出下列句中set
off的含义
①Having
said
goodbye
to
their
friends,
they
set
off
for
home.出发，动身
②Hong
Kong's
stock
market
fell,
setting
off
a
global
financial
crisis.引起
③On
New
Year's
Eve,
we
set
off
many
fireworks,
which
made
the
children
excited.燃放(烟花、鞭炮等)
set
back
阻碍；耽搁；延缓
set
up
建立，创立，创办；安排某事
set
out
启程，动身；阐述，描述
④He
set_out
the
reasons
for
his
decision
in
his
report.
在报告中，他陈述了作出这个决定的理由。
⑤There
was
a
lot
of
work
involved
in
setting_up
the
festival.
筹备节庆活动要做大量的工作。
2．in
use在使用
(1)come
into
use/go
out
of
use
开始使用/不再被使用(表动作)
be
in/out
of
use
在使用/不再使用(表状态)
make
(full/good/the
best)
use
of
(充分)利用
put
...to
use
加以使用
It's
no
use
doing
...
做……无用
(2)use
up
用完
①Some
4,000
railway
stations
have
gone
out_of_use
since
the
1960s.
自20世纪60年代以来大约有4
000个火车站已经废弃不用。
②The
teacher
has
been
training
us
to
make_use_of_reference
books.
老师一直在训练我们利用参考书。
高频句子
1．don't
...ever
...so
...表示最高级
The
sky
is
clear
blue
and
I
don't_
think
I've_ever_seen_anything_else_so
beautiful
in
my
life.
这里的天空碧蓝如洗，我想我一生中从未见过这么美的景色。
英语中其他可表示最高级意义的结构：
(1)完成时＋never＋
(2)比较级＋than＋
(3)否定词＋比较级(＋than
...)，通常译为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”
(4)never/not＋enough/too
...“再……也不过分；越……越……”
①I
have
never
met
such
a
kind?hearted
person
before.
我之前从未见过心眼如此好的人。
②
这本书对我影响最大。
③It
was
not
until
then
that
I
suddenly
realized
nobody
was
happier
than
I
was.
直到那时我才突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。
④Mr
Stevenson
is
great
to
work
for
—
I
really
couldn't
ask
for
a
better
(good)
boss.
为史蒂文森先生工作真好，我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。
⑤—Must
I
turn
off
the
gas
after
cooking?
—Of
course.You
can_never_be_too_careful
with
that.
——做完饭后我必须关上煤气吗？
——当然，在用煤气方面越小心越好。
【基础巩固】
一、单句语法填空
1．The
church
was
built
in
the
12th
century
and
is
still
in
use
today.
2．Furnished
(furnish)
with
some
more
chairs,
tables
and
so
on,
the
room
looked
more
beautiful.
3．The
home
of
the
lion
is
Africa
while
the
koala
bear
is
native
to
Australia.
4．The
dressmaker
used
a
pin
to
fasten
the
pattern
to
the
cloth.
5．The
natural
resources
on
the
earth
are
running
out.
6．This
kind
of
camera
can
be
adjusted
to
the
height
you
need.
Besides,
it's
not
expensive
at
all.
7．You
should
loosen
(loose)
up
your
muscles
before
and
after
doing
physical
exercises.
8．Apparently
(apparent)
everyone
knows
that
global
warming
only
makes
the
climate
more
extreme.
9．Church
bells
rang
in
the
distance;
the
sound
could
be
easily
heard
at
a
distance
of
two
miles.
10．One?third
of
the
country
is
covered
with
trees
and
the
majority
of
the
citizens
are
(be)
black
people.
二、单句改错
1．The
interior
of
the
house
was
furnishing
with
heavy,
old?fashioned
pieces
of
furniture.
furnishing→furnished
2．He
ran
to
so
many
difficulties,
but
he
never
gave
up
and
overcame
them.
to→into
3．When
a
child
is
studying
abroad,
he
must
learn
to
adjust
himself
to
live
on
his
own.
live→living
4．Many
of
the
plants
are
native
of
Brazil.
第二个of→to或native→natives
5．Boys
are
very
much
on
the
minority
at
the
dancing
class.
on→in
三、根据提示词或结构补全句子
1．他早早就出发了，生怕面试迟到。(set
off)
He
set_off_very_early
for
fear
that
he
might
be
late
for
the
interview.
2．我昨天在公共图书馆碰巧遇见了她。(run
across)
I
ran_across_her_in_the_public_library
yesterday.
3．我想我从未听过比这好听的声音。
(don't
...ever
...so
...表示最高级意义)
I
don't_think_that_I_have_ever_heard_so_beautiful_a_voice.
4．每学期仅有少数学生获得奖学金。(a
minority
of)
Only_a_minority_of_students_receive(s)
the
scholarship
every
term.
5．他一直在寻找一套配有家具的公寓，直至有一天他找到一套现代家具配备齐全的公寓。(furnish,
be
furnished
with,
furniture)
He
had
been
searching
for
a_furnished_flat
until
one
day
he
found
one
that
was_well_furnished_with_modern_furniture.
四、句型转换
1．It
is
the
most
beautiful
house
that
I
have
ever
seen.
→It
is
more_beautiful_than_any_of_the_other_houses
that
I
have
ever
seen.
(比较级＋than
any
of
the
other＋复数名词)
2．A
nurse
should
be
most
patient
to
a
patient.
→A
nurse
is_never_too_patient_to_a_patient.(never
too
...)
3．Tom
is
a
man
most
devoted
to
the
cause.
→There_isn't_a_man_more_devoted_to_the_cause_than
Tom.
(否定词＋比较级＋than
...)
4．He
has
spent
the
most
worrying
day.
→He
has
never_spent_a_more_worrying_day.
(否定词＋比较级)
→He
has
never_spent_such_a_worrying_day.
(never
...＋such
a/an＋adj.＋n.
)
5．他比这个班的任何其他同学都聪明。
①He
is
cleverer
than_any_other_student
in
the
class.
②He
is
cleverer
than_any_of_the_other_students
in
the
class.
③He
is
cleverer
than_all_the_other_students
in
the
class.
④He
is
cleverer
than_anyone_else
in
the
class.
【能力提升】
阅读理解
?Yuanxiao,
Chinese
Lantern
Festival
The
Lantern
Festival
is
celebrated
on
the
15th
of
the
first
month
of
the
Chinese
lunar
calendar.
The
festival
ends
the
New
Year's
celebration.
It
is
a
fun
festival.
People
carry
lanterns
and
go
into
the
streets
at
night
to
watch
lion
or
dragon
dances,
play
games
and
light
firecrackers.
Yuanxiao,
a
sweet
dumpling
made
of
rice
flour,
is
the
traditional
food
eaten
during
the
festival.
In
Chinese,
the
festival
is
named
after
this
food,
which
is
said
to
represent
family
unity
and
happiness
because
it
is
sticky
(粘的),
round
and
sweet.
?The
Dai
Water?Splashing
Festival
The
Dai
minority
in
Yunnan
celebrate
the
Water?Splashing
Festival
in
the
middle
of
April.
The
festival
celebrates
the
Dai
Lunar
New
Year
and
lasts
for
three
days.
There
are
dragon
races
and
fireworks
displays
on
the
first
day
and
a
fair
on
the
second
day.
At
the
fair,
young
lovers
throw
love
pouches
to
each
other.
The
third
day
is
the
actual
water?splashing
day,
people
splash
water
on
each
other
to
wash
away
illnesses
and
bad
luck
and
bring
good
luck
for
the
coming
year.
?Losar
Losar
is
a
Tibetan
word
for
New
Year.“Lo”
means
“year”
and
“sar”
means
“new”.
As
the
most
popular
festival
among
Tibetans,
it
is
celebrated
from
the
first
day
in
the
first
month
to
the
fifteenth
day
based
on
the
traditional
Tibetan
calendar.
On
the
last
day
of
the
year,
people
clean
their
houses
and
prepare
for
the
festival.
On
the
first
day
of
the
New
Year,
Tibetan
women
usually
wake
up
early
at
about
5
o'clock,
and
prepare
for
a
special
kind
of
barley
wine
for
the
family
which
have
tsamba
(糌粑),
brown
sugar,
and
milk
dregs
(渣).
The
whole
family
have
to
drink
the
wine
in
their
beds
and
then
continue
to
sleep,
while
the
housewives
sit
in
front
of
their
windows,
waiting
for
the
sunrise.
As
soon
as
they
see
the
sun
rays
in
the
east,
they
go
to
the
well
for
the
first
bucket
of
water
in
the
New
Year.
It
is
said
that
water
in
the
well
is
the
freshest
and
sweetest
at
this
time
and
the
family
who
get
the
lucky
water
earliest
will
be
the
most
fortunate.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了元宵节、泼水节和藏族的藏历新年的庆祝时间、庆祝活动以及它们的意义。
1．People
eat
yuanxiao
during
the
Lantern
Festival
because
________.
A．it
is
the
traditional
food
and
has
its
symbolic
meaning
B．it
is
delicious
and
easy
to
be
made
C．it
is
sticky,
round
and
sweet
D．it
is
made
of
rice
flour
2．What
can
we
know
from
Paragraph
2
about
the
word
“fair”？
A．Young
people
splash
water
on
each
other
at
the
fair.
B．It
is
the
time
when
young
people
have
meetings.
C．Young
people
find
their
lovers
there.
D．Young
people
sing
and
dance
there
to
celebrate
the
festival.
3．How
many
days
does
Tibetan
Losar
last?
A．2
B．3
C．15
D．25
4．The
passage
is
mainly
about________.
A．the
culture
and
custom
in
China
B．the
reason
why
people
celebrate
festivals
C．several
festivals
in
China
D．the
history
of
three
festivals
in
China
二、七选五
Sometimes
you
find
yourself
in
a
situation
where
you
find
it
hard
to
tolerate
someone's
actions
or
words.
Try
to
understand
where
each
person
is
coming
from,
and
avoid
making
it
into
a
personal
battle.
You
can
try
to
develop
a
more
tolerant
attitude
by
learning
about
different
people,
developing
confidence
in
yourself,
and
coming
to
appreciate
differences.
__1__
·Make
efforts
to
understand
someone
else.
You
may
have
very
different
backgrounds
and
experiences.
__2__
So
try
to
see
things
from
his
side.
·Ask
for
an
explanation.
If
you
are
talking
to
someone
and
he
says
something
that
you
find
hard
to
accept,
you
can
figure
out
his
perspective
without
being
intolerant.
__3__
For
example,
you
might
say
something
like,
“OK,
tell
me
more
about
that.
What
makes
you
think
that？”
Anyway,
remember
that
tolerance
does
not
mean
accepting
unacceptable
behavior.
·__4__
This
may
be
a
more
negative
kind
of
tolerance
than
learning
to
accept
and
value
differences,
but
it
can
be
useful.
To
do
this
you
would
have
to
avoid
certain
topics
of
conversation,
or
swiftly
change
the
subject
when
necessary.
·Deal
with
a
conflict.
When
you
have
difficulty
tolerating
someone's
actions
or
words,
you
can
start
by
calmly
describing
what
you
find
offensive
(攻击性的).
__5__
And
you
should
then
explain
how
the
problem
would
be
dealt
with.
A．Try
to
ignore
your
differences.
B．Use
“I”
statements
rather
than
“you”
statements.
C．Start
by
stating
what
you
think
a
good
situation
is.
D．Try
to
understand
his
views
well
by
asking
him
to
explain
them.
E．Here
are
tips
that
help
you
tolerate
others
in
difficult
situations.
F．What
seems
obvious
to
you
might
seem
strange
to
someone
else.
G．Next,
try
to
get
a
better
understanding
of
each
other's
views
about
it.
语篇解读：本文为说明文。我们不时会发现很难容忍他人的言行，本文对如何处理这个问题给出了一些建议。
【反思小结】第三十七讲
Module
1 Basketball
【知识熟记】
一、
高频单词
1．attend
v．上(学)；出席；参加；照顾；护理
attend
a
meeting/a
lecture/a
wedding/school/church
参加会议/听演讲/参加婚礼/上学/做礼拜
attend
(on/upon)
sb.
伺候某人；照顾某人
attend
to
处理，对付；专心于；照料
①You
know,
my
uncle
Li
Ming
is
going
to
the
city
where
you
live
to
attend_an_international_meeting.
你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市参加一个国际会议。
②She
was
praised
for
having
attended
on/upon
her
sick
mother?in?law
for
over
thirty
years.
她伺候生病的婆婆三十多年，受到人们的称赞。
③I
can't
go
out
with
you
tonight
because
I
have
an
urgent
thing
to
attend_to.
今晚我不能与你一起外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。
[名师指津] attend
to作“处理”讲时，与do/deal
with近义；作“照顾”讲时，与take
care
of,
look
after近义。
2．appoint
v．任命，委派，约定
(1)appoint
sb.(as/to
be)＋职位
任命某人担任……职位
appoint
sb.
to
do
sth.
委派某人做某事
(2)appointment
n.
任命，委派；约定
make/have
an
appointment
with
sb.
和某人有约
keep/break
an
appointment
守/违约
①I
was
appointed
to_take
(take)
charge
of
arranging
all
the
activities
on
that
day.
我被委派来负责安排在那一天所有的活动。
②I
have
an
appointment
with
Dr.
Smith,
but
I
need
to
change
it.
我与史密斯医生有约，但是需要改变一下。
3．instant
adj.立刻的；速食的，即食的n.立即，瞬间
in
an
instant
立即，马上
for
an
instant
片刻，一瞬间
the
instant
(＝
instantly/as
soon
as)
一……就……
①He
asked
me
to
clean
the
room
in_an_instant.
他让我立即打扫房间。
②The_instant/Instantly
I
saw
him,
I
knew
he
was
the
man
the
police
were
looking
for.
我一看到他就确信他正是警方正在寻找的那个人。
4．defend
v．防守；防御；保护；辩护
(1)defend
sb./sth.
from/against
...
保护某人/某物免遭……
defend
oneself
自卫；为自己辩护
(2)defence
n.
防卫，防守；辩护
in
defence
of
为了保卫；为……辩护
in
sb.'s/sth.'s
defence
为……辩护；在……的防备下
①Some
think
that
students
should
be
trained
to
defend
themselves
against/from
some
attacks.
有些人认为应该训练学生保护自己免遭一些攻击。
②All
the
people,
men
and
women,
young
and
old,
were
fighting
against
the
flood
in_defence_of
their
own
homes.
所有的人，无论男女老少，都在与洪水作斗争来保卫自己的家园。
[联想发散] 与defend
...
from/against用法类似的还有：prevent
...
(from),
stop
...
(from),
keep
...
from,
protect
...
from/against,
discourage
...
from等，上述短语若用于被动语态，from都不可省略。
5．deserve
v．应得；值得
(1)deserve
to
do
值得做；应该做
deserve
doing
＝
deserve
to
be
done
(某事)值得被做
(2)deserve
attention/consideration/sympathy/respect
值得注意/考虑/同情/尊重
deserve
blame/punishment
该受责备/惩罚
①Maria
is
constantly
making
efforts;
she
deserves
to_achieve
(achieve)
the
goal
of
entering
the
key
university.
玛丽亚一直很努力，她应该能实现进入重点大学的目标。
②It
is
those
who
are
willing
to
give
rather
than
receive
that
deserve
respecting/to_be_respected
(respect)．
正是那些甘愿奉献而不索取的人才应得到尊敬。
[名师指津] deserve
doing是用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于deserve
to
be
done。
6．hold
v．保持；抓住；容纳；举行；持有
[一词多义] 写出下列句中hold的含义
①The
meeting
will
be
held
in
the
community
centre.
举行
②He
holds
strange
views
on
education.
持有
③She
held
the
title
of
world
champion
for
three
years.
保持
④The
plane
holds
about
300
passengers.
容纳
⑤He
held
the
mouse
by
its
tail.
抓住
hold
back
抑制，阻止，隐瞒，退缩
hold
on
坚持，不挂断电话
hold
on
to
紧紧抓住，保留
hold
up
举起，阻挡
get/take
hold
of
抓住
⑥I
think
I'll
hold_on_to
these
old
records
for
now.
我想我会暂时保留这些老唱片的。
高频短语
1．draw
sb.'s
attention
to引起某人注意……(to为介词)
pay
attention
to
...
注意……
attract/catch
one's
attention
引起某人的注意
fix/focus/concentrate
one's
attention
on/upon
...
将注意力集中在……
bring
...to
one's
attention
＝
call
one's
attention
to
...
使某人注意……
turn
one's
attention
to
...
将某人的注意力转向……
①Recently,
the
media
have
been
focusing/fixing/concentrating
their
attention
on/upon
the
rising
petrol
price.
近来，媒体一直在关注汽油价格上涨问题。
②As
soon
as
the
project
came
up
at
the
meeting,
it
attracted/caught_many_people's_attention.
这个项目在会议上一提出来就吸引了很多人的注意。
高频句子
1．There
is
no
doubt
that
...
But
there_is_no_doubt_that
he
deserves
the
title
“outstanding
player
of
his
generation”．
但是毫无疑问，他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。
There
is
no
doubt
that
...
“毫无疑问……”，这是一个常用句型，that引导的是同位语从句，用来说明doubt的具体内容。
(1)There
is
some
doubt
whether
...
……不太确定；不确定是否……
I
have
no
doubt
about
sth./that
...
我确定/相信……
(2)I
doubt
whether/if
...
我怀疑是否……
I
don't
doubt
that
...
我不怀疑……
①There_is_no_doubt_that
it
can
enhance
people's
consciousness
of
health,
but
it
is
more
likely
to
result
in
over?anxiety.
毫无疑问，它可以增强人们的健康意识，但是更有可能导致过度焦虑。
②I
don't
doubt
that_my
father
will
come
to
watch
my
performance,
but
I
doubt
whether/if
he
can
come
on
time.
我确信爸爸会来看我的演出，但我不确定他能否按时来。
[名师指津] (1)doubt作动词讲时，在肯定句中接if/whether引导的宾语从句；在疑问句和否定句中接that引导的宾语从句。
(2)doubt作名词讲时，通常在肯定句中接whether引导的同位语从句；在疑问句和否定句中接that引导的同位语从句。
【基础巩固】
一、单句语法填空
1．They
needed
more
troops
to
defend
the
border
from/against
possible
attack.
2．—Will
you
be
available
at
three
o'clock
tomorrow
afternoon?
—No.
I
will_be_attending
(attend)
a
lecture
then.
3．The
G20
Hangzhou
summit
evening
gala
held
(hold)
at
the
West
Lake
was
directed
by
Zhang
Yimou.
4．The
new
appointment
(appoint)
of
our
president
takes
effect
from
the
very
beginning
of
the
next
semester.
5．The
boy
cheated
in
the
English
examination
so
he
deserved
to_be_punished/punishing/punishment
(punish)．
6．It's
typical
of
him
to
forget.
He
may
forget
everything
except
for
his
name.
7．When
danger
came,
he
would
not
hold
back.
8．Victor
apologised
to
me
for
his
not
being
able
to
inform
me
of
the
change
in
the
plan.
9．He
accepted
the
decision
without
any
consideration
(consider)．
10．The
talented
(talent)
actor
seems
to
have
been
intended
for
the
stage
from
an
early
age.
二、单句改错
1．These
two
disliked
each
other
so
much
that
it
was
difficult
for
them
to
come
to
any
agreement,
even
for
defence
of
their
own
interests.for→in
2．The
girl
burst
out
crying
instant
she
caught
sight
of
her
mother.instant→instantly或instant前加the
3．Sam
has
been
appointed
a
manager
of
the
engineering
department
to
take
the
place
of
George.去掉a
4．If
you
cannot
attend
today's
meeting,
you
can
still
join
tomorrow's
discussion.join后加in
5．I
think
his
advice
deserves
to
be
considering.considering→considered
三、根据提示词或结构补全句子
1．他雇请了英国一位顶尖律师为他辩护。(in
defence
of)
He
has
employed
one
of
the
UK's
top
lawyers
in_defence_of_him.
2．毫无疑问，微信正在改变着我们的生活方式。(doubt)
There_is_no_doubt_that
the
WeChat
is
changing
our
way
of
life.
3．我计划假期去英国上一所暑期学校。(attend)
I
plan
to
go
to
Britain
to_attend_a_summer_school_during_the_vacation.
4．已经委派了几位专家调查这次爆炸的原因。(be
appointed
to
do)
Some
experts
have_been_appointed_to_look_into
the
cause
of
the
explosion.
5．这篇文章的目的是吸引人们对环境保护的关注。(draw
one's
attention
to)
The
article
was
intended
to_draw_people's_attention_to_environmental_protection.
四、句型转换
1．我认为这个问题值得考虑。
①I_think_this_question_deserves_consideration.(deserve＋n.)
②I_think_this_question_deserves_considering.(deserve
doing)
③I_think_this_question_deserves_to_be_considered.(deserve
to
be
done)
2．我不能肯定她是否会同意这个计划。
①There_is_some_doubt_whether_she_will_agree_to_this_plan.
(there
is
some
doubt
...)
②I_doubt_whether/if_she_will_agree_to_this_plan.
(doubt
v．)
③I_am_doubtful_whether_she_will_agree_to_this_plan.
(doubtful)
④I_am_in_doubt_whether_she_will_agree_to_this_plan.
(in
doubt)
3．The
lawyer
①brought_some_new_evidence_to_the_judge's_attention
(使法官关注一些新的证据).
Then
the
court
②turned_their_attention_to
(将注意力转向)
it.
When
the
evidence
was
being
analyzed
carefully,
one
piece
of
it
③caught_the_judge's_attention
(引起了法官的注意).
【能力提升】
阅读理解
A
It
was
something
she
had
dreamed
of
since
she
was
five.
Finally,
after
years
of
training
and
intensive
workouts,
Deborah
Duffey
was
going
to
compete
in
her
first
high
school
basketball
game.
The
goals
of
becoming
an
outstanding
player
and
playing
college
ball
were
never
far
from
Deborah's
mind.
The
game
was
against
Mills
High
School.
With
1
minute
and
42
seconds
left
in
the
game,
Deborah's
team
led
by
one
point.
A
player
of
Mills
had
possession
of
the
ball,
and
Deborah
ran
to
guard
against
her.
As
Deborah
was
running
to
block
the
player,
her
knee
went
out
and
she
fell
down
on
the
court
in
burning
pain.
Just
like
that,
Deborah's
season
was
over.
After
suffering
the
bad
injury,
Deborah
found
that,
for
the
first
time
in
her
life,
she
was
in
a
situation
beyond
her
control.
Game
after
game,
she
could
do
nothing
but
sit
on
the
sidelines
watching
others
play
the
game
that
she
loved
so
much.
Injuries
limited
Deborah's
time
on
the
court
as
she
hurt
her
knees
three
more
times
in
the
next
five
years.
She
had
to
spend
countless
hours
in
a
physical
clinic
to
receive
treatment.
Her
frequent
visits
there
gave
her
a
passion
and
respect
for
the
profession.
And
Deborah
began
to
see
a
new
light
in
her
life.
Currently
as
a
senior
in
college,
Deborah
focuses
on
getting
a
degree
in
physical
treatment.
After
she
graduates,
Deborah
plans
to
use
her
knowledge
to
educate
people
how
to
best
take
care
of
their
bodies
and
cope
with
the
feelings
of
hopelessness
that
she
remembers
so
well.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Deborah
Duffey是如何从篮球比赛的受伤中获得新生的。
1．How
did
Deborah
feel
when
she
first
hurt
her
knee?
A．Calm.
B．Confused.
C．Ashamed.
D．Disappointed.
2．What
is
TRUE
about
Deborah
Duffey?
A．She
didn't
play
on
the
court
after
the
injury.
B．She
injured
her
knee
when
she
was
trying
to
block
a
player.
C．She
knew
that
she
couldn't
be
a
basketball
player
when
she
was
a
child.
D．She
refused
to
seek
professional
assistance
to
help
her
recover
from
her
injuries.
3．What
is
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A．A
Painful
Mistake
B．A
Great
Adventure
C．A
Lifelong
Punishment
B
You
signed
up
for
soccer,
and
played
every
game
of
the
season.
Sure,
you're
not
the
best
player
on
the
team,
but
most
days
you
gave
it
your
all.
Do
you
deserve
a
trophy
(奖杯)?
If
the
decision
is
up
to
Carol
Dweck,
the
answer
would
likely
be
no.
She's
a
psychology
professor
at
Stanford
University,
California.
She
says
a
player
doesn't
have
to
be
the
best
to
get
a
trophy.
But
those
who
receive
an
award
should
have
to
work
for
it.
She
suggests
trophies
go
to
the
most
improved
player,
or
the
one
who
contributed
most
to
the
team
spirit,
as
well
as
to
those
who
play
the
best.
“The
trophy
has
to
stand
for
something，”
Dweck
told
TFK.
“If
we
give
a
trophy
to
everyone,
then
the
award
has
no
value.”
Dweck
argues
that
giving
kids
trophies
for
particular
reasons,
such
as
improving
in
a
sport,
teaches
kids
that
adults
value
hard
work
and
trying
our
best.
Others
say
that
there's
no
harm
in
giving
awards
to
all
kids
who
play
a
sport,
regardless
of
how
they
played
or
whether
or
not
they
improved.
“I
think
we
should
encourage
kids'
participation
in
sports，”
says
Kenneth
Barish,
a
psychology
professor
at
Weill
Cornell
Medical
College,
in
New
York
City.
“A
trophy
is
one
way
to
encourage
kids'
efforts.”
Barish
argues
that
when
we
single_out
only
the
best
or
even
the
most
improved
players
with
a
trophy,
we
are
teaching
kids
the
wrong
lesson.
We
are
sending
the
message
that
winning
is
everything.
“Winning
is
only
part
of
the
equation
(等式)，”
Barish
told
TFK.
“Playing
sports
also
teaches
kids
about
teamwork
and
the
importance
of
exercise.”
There
will
be
plenty
of
opportunity
for
kids
to
learn
about
competition
as
they
get
older,
says
Barish.
They'll
soon
realize
that
only
one
soccer
team
wins
the
World
Cup
and
only
one
football
team
wins
the
Super
Bowl.
For
now,
he
thinks
there's
nothing
wrong
with
letting
all
kids
who
play
a
sport
feel
like
winners.
That
means
trophies
for
everyone.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。如果孩子参加体育比赛，那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢？文章就这个问题给出了两种不同的看法。
4．According
to
Carol
Dweck,
which
player
should
receive
a
trophy?
A．Tony,
the
most
attractive
player
of
the
soccer
team.
B．David,
a
soccer
player
who
is
both
clever
and
funny.
C．Peter,
who
is
ready
to
help
his
partners
to
score
goals.
D．Jim,
a
soccer
player
who
tries
his
best
to
win
the
game.
5．Which
of
the
following
statements
would
Kenneth
Barish
agree
with?
A．There
is
no
sense
in
giving
a
trophy
to
everyone.
B．Kids
fond
of
playing
sports
should
be
rewarded.
C．Kids
should
be
given
trophies
for
trying
their
best.
D．It
is
necessary
to
encourage
kids'
participation
in
sports.
6．The
underlined
phrase
“single
out”
in
Paragraph
6
probably
means
“________”．
A．honour
B．choose
C．value
D．stress
【反思小结】第三十九讲
Module
3 Literature
【知识熟记】
一、
高频单词
1．eager
adj.热切的，渴望的
(1)be
eager
to
do
sth.
渴望做某事，热心做某事
be
eager
for
sth.
渴望得到某物
be
eager
in
sth.
热衷于某事
be
eager
that
...
热切地希望……
(2)eagerness
n.
热心，渴望
①The
old
man,
who
used
to
be
eager
to_help_
(help)
the
homeless
children,
was
respected
by
people.
这位老人受到人们的尊敬，他曾热心帮助那些无家可归的孩子。
②The
little
girl
works
very
hard
and
she
is_eager_for
her
parents'
approval.
这个小女孩学习非常努力，她渴望得到父母的赞许。
③I
couldn't
hide
my
eagerness
(eager)
to
get
back
home.
我无法掩饰想回家的渴望。
2．intend
v．想要，意欲，打算
(1)intend
doing/to
do
sth.
打算做某事
intend
sb.
to
do
sth.
打算让某人做某事
had
intended
to
do/that
＝
intended
to
have
done
本来打算做……(事实上没做成)
intend
that
...
(should)
do
sth.
打算……；主张……
be
intended
for
...
为……打算(或设计)的
(2)intention
n.
意图，目的，打算
have
no
intention
of
doing
sth.
不打算做某事
①I
intended
going/to_go
to
the
park,
but
my
son
intended
that
I
(should)_go
with
him
to
see
a
film.(go)
我打算去公园，但我儿子打算让我陪他去看场电影。
②We
had_intended
(intend)
to
arrive
at
our
destination
at
9
o'clock,
but
we
didn't
because
of
the
traffic
jam.
我们本来打算在9点钟到达目的地，但是由于交通堵塞我们晚点了。
3．hang
v．绞死；吊死；悬挂
hang
up
挂断(电话)
hang
out/about/around
闲荡；闲逛
hang
on
＝
hold
on
(打电话时)别挂断；坚持，不
放弃；等一下，停一下；抓紧
①—Sorry,
I
have
to
hang_up
now.
It's
time
for
class.
—OK,
I'll
call
back
later.
——对不起，现在我要挂电话了，到了上课的时间了。
——好的，过后我再打过去。
②The
line
was
engaged
and
the
operator
asked
if
I'd
like
to
hang_on.
电话占线，话务员问我是否愿意稍等一下。
[名师指津]
hang
意义
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
绞死，吊死
hanged
hanged
hanging
悬挂，垂下
hung
hung
hanging
4．whisper
v．低声地说；耳语n.低语，耳语；传闻
(1)whisper
sth.
to
sb.
对某人耳语某事
It
is
whispered
that
...
传闻说……，有人私下里说……
(2)in
a
whisper/in
whispers
(＝
in
a
low
voice)
小声地
①It
was_whispered
(whisper)
that
he
would
soon
die
and
he
did.
有人私下说他将不久于人世，他果然死了。
②In
order
not
to
let
the
others
hear
what
he
said,
he
told
me
the
news
in
a
whisper.
为了不让别人听见他说的话，他小声告诉我那个消息。
5．serve
vt.端上(饭菜等)；为……服务vi.服役，供职vt.适合……目的
(1)serve
the
people
heart
and
soul
全心全意为人民服务
serve
as
充当；担任
serve
sb.(with)
sth.＝
serve
sth.to
sb.
拿/用某物招待/款待某人
(2)service
n.
服务
at
your
service
愿为您效劳；听候您的吩咐
①Serving
(serve)
as
the
manager
of
the
company
provided
me
with
a
lot
of
chances
to
get
to
know
many
talented
people.
担任公司经理为我提供了许多结识有才干的人的机会。
②If
you
need
my
help,
let
me
know.
I'm
always
at_your_service.
如果你需要帮忙，请告诉我，我随时愿为你效劳。
③The
students
served
some
apples
to
the
invited
experts.
→The
students
served
the
invited
experts
with
some
apples.
学生们用一些苹果来招待邀请来的专家。
6．reward
n．酬谢；奖赏；赏金v.酬谢；奖励
(1)as
a
reward
for
...
作为对……的回报
in
reward
for
...
为了酬谢或报答……
give/offer
a
reward
to
sb.
for
sth.＝
give/offer
sb.
a
reward
for
sth.
为某事而给某人报酬/回报
(2)reward
sb.
for
(doing)
sth.
为(做)某事报答/奖赏某人
reward
sb.
with
...
用……报答/回报某人
(3)rewarding
adj.
值得做的；有益的
①As_a_reward_for
being
admitted
to
college,
many
students
got
iPhone
6
as
presents.
作为对被大学录取的奖赏，很多学生得到了iPhone
6作为礼物。
②The
government
rewarded
him
for
saving
the
old
man
in
the
well.
因救起了落井的老人，他受到了政府的奖赏。
[辨析比较] reward,
award
名词
动词
reward
报酬，奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬
多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报答或奖赏、奖金
award
奖品，奖金，与prize用法相似
指正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予；往往鼓励杰出的表现或对所提出的要求而进行的一种奖励。常用搭配：award
sb.
sth.＝
award
sth.
to
sb.
选用以上单词填空
③After
being
awarded
the
first
prize,
he
expressed
that
he
would
continue
to
reward
the
people
and
the
society
with
his
hard
work.
高频短语
1．a
huge/large
amount
of大量的
(1)a
huge/large
amount
of修饰不可数名词
(2)“a
huge/large
amount
of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数
(3)“huge/large
amounts
of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数
①Although
the
job
takes
a_huge/large_amount_of
time,
most
students
agree
that
the
experience
is
worth
it.
虽然这份工作要花大量的时间，但大多数学生都同意这次经历是值得的。
②A
huge
amount
of
oil
was
(be)
on
the
road
yesterday,
the
effects
of
which
are
not
clear.
→Huge
amounts
of
oil
were
(be)
on
the
road
yesterday,
the
effects
of
which
are
not
clear.
昨天路上有大量石油，其影响尚不清楚。
[联想发散] 常见数量修饰语分类：
①修饰可数名词复数：many,
a
good/great
many,
a
good/large
number
of
②修饰不可数名词：much,
a
good/great
deal
of,
a
large
amount
of,
large
amounts
of
③既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词：a
lot
of,
lots
of,
a
quantity
of,
quantities
of,
plenty
of
高频句子
1．No
sooner
...than
...引导时间状语从句
No_sooner
had
the
boy
spoken
these
words
than
the
warden
hit
him
on
the
head
with
the
soup
spoon.
孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起汤勺狠狠地敲打他的脑袋。
(1)no
sooner
...
than
...引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。在这个主从复合句中，主句动作先发生，用过去完成时，从句动作用一般过去时。no
sooner位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
(2)和no
sooner
...
than
...用法类似的句式还有：hardly
...
when
...,
scarcely
...
when
...等。
①He
had
no
sooner
arrived
than
the
trouble
started.
→No
sooner
had_he_arrived
than
the
trouble
started.
他刚到，麻烦就来了。
②Hardly
had
the
football
game
begun
when
it
started
raining.
足球比赛才刚刚开始就下起雨来。
[联想发散] 表示“一……就……”的其他结构还有：
as
soon
as;
the
moment/minute/instant
...;
immediately/instantly/directly
...;
on/upon
(doing)
sth.等。
【基础巩固】
一、单句语法填空
1．The
angry
tiger
attacked
the
boy
and
took
away
his
dinner
as
soon
as
it
was_served_(serve)．
2．As
far
as
I
am_concerned
(concern),
it's
wise
not
to
spend
much
time
playing
with
smartphones.
3．Your
years'
efforts
will
be
rewarded
with
remarkable
success
sooner
or
later.
4．He
had_intended
(intend)
to
go,
but
on
second
thought,
he
gave
up
the
idea.
5．Talents
come
from
diligence,
and
knowledge
is
gained
by
accumulation
(accumulate)．
6．The
picture
hanging
(hang)
in
my
study
was
painted
by
a
famous
artist.
7．Charles
often
attempts
to
escape
being_fined
(fine)
whenever
he
breaks
traffic
regulations.
8．It
is
whispered
that
the
boss
offered
him
the
job
in
return
for
his
silence.
9．Set
in
the
19th?century
America,
the
novel
Gone
with
the
Wind
tells
the
story
of
a
woman
facing
war
and
starvation
(starve)
bravely.
10．All
the
competitors
are
eager
for
the
final
result
of
the
competition.
二、单句改错
1．I
find
it
absolutely
astonished
that
he
has
made
great
progress
in
such
a
short
time.
astonished→astonishing
2．Serving
for
the
people
heart
and
soul
is
the
aim
of
our
party.
去掉for
3．The
coat
hung
behind
the
door
was
my
birthday
present
from
my
mother.
hung→hanging
4．The
couple
gave
the
boy
a
computer
as
reward
for
returning
their
lost
bag.
as后加a
5．The
magazine
which
was
intended
to
the
retired
turned
out
to
be
a
great
success.第一个to→for
6．He
drew
me
aside
and
told
the
news
to
me
in
whisper.
whisper前加a_或whisper→whispers
三、根据提示词或结构补全句子
1．如果你想跟上时代，你必须获取大量的信息。(keep
up
with,
a
large
amount
of)
If
you
want
to
keep_up_with_the_times,_you
have
to
get_a_large_amount_of_information.
2．当地政府已经收集了三百万美元，用于改善环境。(be
intended
for)
The
local
government
has
already
collected
three
million
dollars,
intended_for_the_environment_improvement.
3．幸运的是，他从着火的房子里逃了出来，没有受伤。
(escape
from
)
Fortunately,
he_escaped_from_the_burning_house
without
being
injured.
4．一个国家的首都通常是文化和政治中心。
(serve
as)
The
capital
of
a
country
usually
serves_as_a_cultural_and_political_center.
5．直到那时，我才真正意识到朋友的重要性。(not
until位于句首引起的倒装)
Not_until_then_did_I_really_realize
the
value
of
friends.
6．听到叫他的名字，那位打瞌睡的男孩吃惊地站了起来。(astonishment)
Hearing
his
name
called,
the
sleepy
boy
stood_up_in_astonishment.
7．他用很低的声音说话，显得格外有礼貌。(voice)
He
spoken
in_a_low_voice
and
was
extraordinarily
polite.
四、句型转换
1．No
sooner
had
he
arrived
in
Beijing
than
he
came
to
visit
us.
→He
came
to
visit
us
instantly/immediately/directly
he
arrived
in
Beijing.
→He
came
to
visit
us
the_instant/moment/minute
he
arrived
in
Beijing.
→Hardly/Scarcely
had
he
arrived
in
Beijing
when
he
came
to
visit
us.
→On/Upon_arriving
in
Beijing,
he
came
to
visit
us.
2．昨天晚上我本打算来看你的，但是雨下得太大了。
①I
had_intended_to_come_to_see_you_last_night,_but
it
rained
too
heavily.
(had
intended
to
do)
②I
intended_to_have_come_to_see_you_last_night,_but
it
rained
too
heavily.
(intended
to
have
done)
3．我给那个男孩一本字典作为他对我无私帮助的回报。
①I
gave
the
boy
a
dictionary
in_reward_for
his
selfless
help
to
me.
(reward
n.
)
②I
gave
the
boy
a
dictionary,
rewarding_him_for
his
selfless
help
to
me.
(reward
sb.
for
sth.)
③I
rewarded_the_boy_with_a_dictionary
for
his
selfless
help
to
me.
(reward
sb.
with
sth.)
④I
gave
the
boy
a
dictionary
in_return_for
his
selfless
help
to
me.
(return
n．)
4．The
factory
had
accidentally
released
①a_quantity/quantities_of
waste
into
the
sea.
And
②large_amounts/quantities_of
sea
water
were
polluted.
As
a
result,
③a_great_many/a_good_number_of
sea
animals
died.(
用“大量，许多”短语完成片段)
【能力提升】
一、语法填空
There's
no
reason
why
women
return
to
school.
Going
back
to
school
provides
private
and
public
benefits.
College
graduates,
generally
enjoy
higher
salaries,
__1__
(employ)
more
consistently,
and
work
in
nicer
conditions.
College?educated
people
vote
more,
give
more
to
charity,
and
rely
__2__
(little)
on
government
support.
Making
the
switch
from
__3__
(support)
to
supporting
oneself
can
be
a
challenge,
__4__
often
a
necessary
one.
Financial
__5__
(dependent)
for
women
is
key,
says
Nancy
Schlossberg,
professor
at
University
of
Maryland.
“I
think
__6__
important
for
women
to
do
some
direct
achievement,
because
chances
are
that
women
will
live
alone
in
later
life,
either
divorced
__7__
never
married.”
To
Schlossberg,
education
is
critical
in
the
long
run.
She
says,
“You
are
going
to
do
much
better
than
before
__8__
you
have
a
good
education;
you
are
going
to
be
happier
than
before
on
condition
that
you
have
__9__
education
that
enables
you
to
do
what
you
have
to
do
in
life.
The
question
is
__10__
you
are
ready
at
this
time
to
go
for
it.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。女性回到学校学习，不仅对个人而且对社会都有很多好处。
二、短文改错
As
the
saying
go,
treat
others
as
you
would
like
to
be
treated.
If
we
want
to
be
treated
well,
and
we
should
treat
others
well
too.
Two
years
before,
I
was
admitted
to
a
high
school.
I
felt
proudly
and
superior.
Therefore,
I
always
looked
down
upon
my
classmates
who
turned
for
me
in
their
studies.
One
day,
Tom
asked
me
help
him
work
out
a
math
problem.
I
glanced
at
it,
and
said,
“So
easy,
what
foolish
you
are！”
On
hear
it,
he
said
angrily,
“I
won't
ask
you
again.”
I
was
shocking.
Only
then
did
I
realize
why
I
was
so
unpopular
with
my
classmate.
From
then
on,
I
tried
to
treat
them
equally
and
helped
them
with
all
my
heart.
三、书面表达
上周日，你们学校组织了一次志愿活动。假设你是李华，请你根据以下提示给校报写一封信，报道相关情况，要点如下：
1．活动地点：文化广场；
2．活动形式：发传单、做演讲；
3．活动内容：宣传地震常识和防震知识；
4．参加活动的感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：传单leaflet
Dear
Editor，
We
took
part
in
a
voluntary
activity
organised
by
our
school
last
Sunday.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Best
wishes!
Yours，
Li
Hua
参考范文：
Dear
Editor，
We
took
part
in
a
voluntary
activity
organised
by
our
school
last
Sunday.
We
gathered
at
the
Culture
Square,
passing
leaflets
to
passers?by
from
which
they
can
learn
what
the
earthquake
is
and
how
to
protect
themselves
against
the
earthquake.
The
leaflets
drew
the
attention
of
the
public
to
the
damage
that
an
earthquake
can
cause
and
told
them
to
take
action
in
a
right
and
efficient
way.
Some
made
a
public
speech,
telling
people
about
the
best
place
where
they
can
hide
when
an
earthquake
occurs.
We
have
learned
much
from
the
voluntary
activity,
which
offers
us
an
opportunity
to
contribute
to
society.
We
told
the
public
about
the
situation
because
we
thought
everyone
should
be
concerned
about
each
other
and
take
responsibility
for
promoting
a
public
cause.
Best
wishes!
Yours，
Li
Hua
【反思小结】
