人教版高中英语选修6 Unit 3 A healthy 单元测试题 （含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版高中英语选修6 Unit 3 A healthy 单元测试题 （含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-08-01 23:18:34 | ||
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Unit?3 A?healthy life
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
EVENTS
Aug. 31-Sept. 4, Laughter Bus
Cape Town,?South Africa
Lovely sightseeing tour with laughter, fun and festivities. The tour departs (启程) from Cape Town towards the Garden Route, stopping at beautiful and interesting places, enjoying lunch at the seaside and sharing laughter with local communities. Costs: $800.
+27 7222-97454, info@laughterbus.co.za
Sept. 17-18, Laughter Yoga 2-day Certified Leader Training
Irvine,燙alifornia,燯SA
10 am?5 pm daily at?Irvine?Valley?College. Learn to laugh for health without the need of jokes. Start a laughter club, share laughter with elders and kids, and earn income sharing happiness. Includes practice with Jeffrey Briar. Costs: $295.
(949) 376-1939, JBriar@LYInstitute.org
Sept. 30, Laughter is Serious Business Workshop
St. Albans,?Hertfordshire,?UK
A workshop for those who have completed Laughter Leader / Skills courses and want to get ideas and real advice on how to promote (提升) themselves. 10 am?3 pm with lunch break. Costs: ?100 (includes a ?25 DVD).
+44 (0) 1727-741-050, lotte@unitedmind.co.uk
Oct. 7-9,?Laguna?Laughter?Club?Mountain?Retreat?(静修)
Angelus Oaks,?California,?USA
Everyone is welcome on this three-day retreat in the pine?forest?of?Redlands. Daily laughter yoga sessions, music, dancing, hiking, and vision-sharing. Costs: $150 (includes meals).
(949) 376-1241, Anne@LaughingAnne.com
Oct. 29-Nov. 5, Laughter Cruise in the燙aribbean
The tour departs from燤iami,燜lorida,燯SA. Daily laughter sessions, onboard programs, easy yoga classes, creating new exercises, fun and friendship!燞ollandAmerica燣ines. Costs: $719.
(941) 349-6069, amy.ferrell@verizon.net
21. Where can you meet Jeffrey Briar?
A. On a燙aribbean爄sland.
B. At營rvine燰alley燙ollege.
C. At the seaside of燙ape Town.
D. In the pine爁orest爋f燫edlands.
22. Which number should you call if you want to attend an advanced Laughter Yoga Leader course?
A. +27 7222-97454.
B. +44 (0) 1727-741-050.
C. (949) 376-1241.
D. (941) 349-6069.
23. When can you take an easy laughter yoga class on a ship?
A. Aug. 31.
B. Sept. 17.
C. Oct. 7.牋
D. Oct. 29.
B
Several years ago, I received an e-mail from a total stranger a 17-year-old girl named Monica Gottlieb, who lived in燰ienna. In poor English, she explained that she was doing an online search for people who shared the same names as members of her family. She tried her 19-year-old brother抯 name Marcus, and that was how she hit upon me. Monica asked me to write back and tell her a little something about myself, which I did.
Not long after our first exchanges, Monica抯 mother, Regine, wrote to me. Regine抯 English was a little better than Monica, so she was able to provide more details about their life in燰ienna. She also mentioned that she and her husband Michael were planning their first visit to the燯S. As motorcycle lovers, they intended to make a two-wheeled tour of燙alifornia燼nd the Southwestern states. She wondered if I could tell her something that I thought they should know before they began their great adventure.
I spent about an hour putting together what I considered reasonably practical advice and sent it along. Regine wrote back with thanks, and told me if I came to燰ienna, I should consider the Gottlieb family home as my own. She even offered me both a room and a key to the house.
The Gottliebs eventually made their motorcycle trip and enjoyed every minute of it. Eight months later, I was welcomed to燗ustria燽y the Gottlieb family.
We got to know each other fairly quickly. Michael and I even seemed to hit it off particularly well. Almost the same age, and sharing a similar sense of humor, we were soon so comfortable with each other.
A few days later, Michael, Regine, and I were walking off the big meal we had just had at an open-air restaurant. As we walked and chatted, an older man coming toward us said something in German to Regine. She replied politely, laughing. After he passed by, I asked Regine if the man was a friend.
揘o, she said. 揌e looked at you and Michael and said, 慖t抯 nice to see two brothers out for a walk together.挃
Brothers? Well not quite. But perhaps long-lost cousins after all.
24. Which of the following helped start the author抯 friendship with Monica?
A. A stranger.牋
B. Names.
C. Hobbies.牋
D. A visit.
25. Why did Regine write her first e-mail to the author?
A. To invite him to join their two-wheeled tour.
B. To offer practical advice about his trip to燰ienna.
C. To ask for some useful information about the燯S.
D. To provide him with information about燙alifornia.
26. Why did the Gottliebs offer the author a key to their house?
A. They wanted to thank him.
B. He was the real owner of the house.
C. They expected to see him immediately.
D. He would look after the house for them.
27. Which can be used to describe the author抯 trip to燰ienna?
A. Tiring.牋牋
B. Boring.
C. Fruitless.牋
D. Pleasant.
C
There are lots of books designed to help us succeed in our weight-loss efforts. One of the latest such books is entitled燤aximise Your Body Potential: Lifetime Skills for Successful Weight Management, and is written by psychologist Joyce Nash, Ph.D.
Dr. Nash presents some interesting statistics which show that, despite the fact that as a country we are growing fatter, at any given time, tens of millions of Americans are dieting. A quarter of all adult men and nearly half of all adult women are actively trying to lose weight.
She categorizes (分类) the different stages that generally happen before the decision to try to lose weight.爴Those who aren抰 actively dieting and are just talking about it, are stuck in either what抯 called the contemplation stage or the preparation stage.
The contemplation stage is the one in which you want to change, but you are not quite ready; you can think of both the pros and cons of changing, but they balance each other out. In the preparation stage, you know you want to take action, you realize the pros of weight loss outweigh the cons, but you arent sure how to begin.
Believe it or not, Dr. Nash even says that now is not always the right time to begin a weight-loss program. 揑f you jump into the action stage before you抳e done enough thinking in the preparation stage deciding when to do this, how to do this, and what the potential barriers are then you can actually set yourself up for failure. That抯 when people who start a diet fall off it, and pretty soon arrive at the notion, 慖 can抰 do this. I抦 a failure. I抣l never be able to do this.挃
Surprisingly, Dr. Nash says that about one-third of all the people who come to see a psychologist such as herself, for help with an eating disorder, are binge eaters, and they are usually overweight.
Dr. Nash explains that binge eating is 揺ating an amount of food that is larger than most people would eat under similar situations, and an experience of not being able to stop it or control it.
28. According to Dr. Nash, more and more Americans _____.
A. are asking her for help
B. are living a healthy life
C. realize they need to lose weight
D. succeed in their weight-loss efforts
29. Which of the following descriptions is about the contemplation stage?
A. It refers to how to balance the pros and cons.
B. It usually happens before the preparation stage.
C. It抯 usually more important than the action stage.
D. It抯 a time when people always trust themselves.
30. What can we learn about Dr. Nash?
A. She has an eating disorder.
B. She used to be overweight.
C. She has a very small stomach.
D. She offers psychological guidance.
31. What is the author抯 purpose in writing the text?
A. To help people start a diet.
B. To show how to lose weight.
C. To present a weight-loss program.
D. To introduce a new book on weight loss.
D
Were you into skateboarding, surfing or snowboarding when you were a kid? We can remember our first (less than successful) go at skateboarding, as well as the first time we managed to stand up on爋ne of those爏urfboards.
It was so much fun that we were爃ooked爁or life. However, not everyone thinks that introducing children to extreme sports is a good idea.
In the article from燭he New York Times, writer Jon Lackman considers whether sports like snowboarding, climbing and skateboarding could be dangerous to the growing bodies of young children and looks for advice from medical professionals.
揔ids aren抰 mentally ready for these activities,敔says professor of orthopaedics (矫形外科), Dr. Vani Sabesan.?“They tend to underestimate (低估) the risks, and their parents can’t always be trusted to keep them in check.”
Sabesan is particularly worried about the effects of extreme?sports?on TV?and the Internet on children. “What we’re seeing is a lot of kids thinking maybe they can do what these professional athletes can do.
As someone who was encouraged to give bodyboarding a go by the age of five and then presented with a surfboard aged seven, I think these worries are a little overstated (夸大的),? if not misplaced.
Extreme sports can be dangerous, yes, but there’s as much chance of falling off your bike or your roller skates as off a skateboard or surfboard.
My own experience of extreme sports leads me to think that I’ll allow my own kids to try them?in the same way my parents allowed me.
In sports such as surfing and snowboarding, there’s a sense of adventure and courage that is important to instill (慢慢灌输) in young children.
Did I fall off my surfboard? All the time. Did I get back on? Every time.
Are the more extreme sports too dangerous for younger kids and better saved for teenagers? Are extreme sports a great experience for all children to have and a great way to make the most out of your childhood?
32. What does the underlined word 揾ooked in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Warned.
B. Cheated.
C. Attracted.
D. Confused.
33. What抯 Jon Lackman抯 attitude towards kids taking part in extreme sports?
A. Amazed.
B. Doubtful.
C. Admiring.
D. Supportive.
34. What did the author抯 parents expect him to do when he was very young?
A. To have a spirit of adventure.
B. To set a good example to others.
C. To become a professional athlete.
D. To get away from extreme sports.
35. What does the author think of extreme sports?
A. They are really very dangerous for kids.
B. They are as easy to learn as roller skating.
C. They are helpful for kids to find their courage.
D. They are more suitable for teenagers than kids.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The night the Titanic sank
From a high place on the ship, Fred Fleet, who worked on?the Titanic, saw the iceberg (冰山) just a few hundred metres away. He rang the bell to warn the people driving the ship.牋36牋Soon after that, one passenger, Major Peuchen, noticed that the ship wasn抰 straight in the water. But nobody listened to him.
37牋Another ship 棤the Californian爓as about 30 kilometres north of爐he Titanic. Whenthe Californian爏aw the iceberg, it stopped. It also sent a radio message to warn other ships in the area. At about11:15,爐he Californian抯 radio operator turned off the radio, and went to bed.燭he Titanic爏ent a message back giving its position wrongly!牋38牋
Soon after midnight, the crew (船员) of?the Californian?saw rockets going up into the sky from the Titanic. Their captain said, ‘Fireworks!??39?‘ The radio wasn’t turned on again, and?the Californian?didn’t move. At 12:25 am on?the Titanic, people began to get into the lifeboats.
At 2:20 am on April 15th爐he Titanic爁inally sank. Another ship,爐he Carpathia, heard爐he Titanic抯 last call for help.牋40牋At 4:10 am,爐he Carpathia爏aw the Titanic抯 lifeboats floating on the dark water, and rescued the survivors. Later,爐he Californian爐urned the radio back on, and heard that爐he Titanic爃ad sunk.
A. The accident happened at about 11:40.
B. Everyone was very proud of爐he Titanic.
C. The passengers of爐he Titanic燼re having a party.
D. It was 58 miles away, but it raced to help the ship.
E. But it was travelling too fast to stop, and it hit the iceberg.
F. Before the accident,?the Titanic?had received an ice warning.
G. A lot of people stayed on the ship instead of trying to escape.
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They provide a place for people to??41??and play sports, as well as a shelter from the??42??environment of a city. What people often forget is that parks also provide considerable牋43牋benefits.
One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. Parks also make cities牋44. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building牋45牋such as metal, concrete, and asphalt (沥青) absorb much more of the sun’s heat and release it much more??46??than trees and grass.??47??city landscapes contain so many of these building materials, cities are??48??warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces can help to??49??the Urban Heat Island Effect.牋50, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most牋51牋is already being used for buildings, roads, and parking lots.
However, cities could牋52牋many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to牋53牋another type of green space: rooftop (屋顶) gardens. Some rooftop gardens are very complex and require a large investment, but others are??54??container gardens that anyone can create with a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.
Like parks, rooftop gardens help to??55??carbon dioxide in the air with oxygen. They also help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect, which can save people56.
In the summer, rooftop gardens牋57牋buildings absorbing heat from the sun, which can obviously reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help hold in the heat that materials like brick and concrete send out so quickly, leading to牋58牋on heating bills. Rooftop vegetable can also provide fresh food for city people, making their diets牋59. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy, they are also a牋60牋environmental investment.
41. A. hide 燘. relax C. live D. wait
42. A. old 牋B. noisy C. clean D. social
43. A. medical B. technical C. traditional 燚. environmental
44. A. safer B. newer C. cooler 燚. greater
45. A. sites 燘. costs C. materials D. companies
46. A. quickly 燘. gently C. differently 燚. normally
47. A. Although B. Unless C. Before 燚. Because
48. A. hardly B. suddenly C. usually D. comfortably
49. A. show 燘. reduce C. spread D. experience
50. A. Strangely 燘. Interestingly C. Eventually D. Unfortunately
51. A. water B. land C. metal 燚. sunlight
52. A. contribute to B. give up C. break down D. benefit from
53. A. discover 燘. create C. share D. visit
54. A. secret B. simple C. huge D. famous
55. A. carry 燘. mix C. replace 燚. provide
56. A. time B. space C. money 牋牋牋牋牋 D. effort
57. A. set B. keep C. bring 燚. prevent
58. A. losses B. focus C. savings D. problems
59. A. stricter B. more popular C. healthier 燚. more expensive
60. A. wrong B. smart C. funny D. crazy
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
We all have habits and routines. Once we get into these habits or routines, 61. ________ can be difficult to change them.
Finding out what causes a bad habit is an important step to changing that habit. For example, for some people, 62. ________ (stressed) they get, the more they bite their nails. Knowing that stress leads to nail biting can help people to find something to keep their hands busy when they are under 63. ________ (press).
Little changes can make 64. ________ big difference. Next time you feel like 65. ________ (smoke), put it off. Instead, keep yourself busy by doing work, reading, or going 66. ________ a walk. Sometimes, if you wait a little while, you will find that the desire goes away. If not, go ahead but cut down the amount. 67. ________ (final), you抣l find you抮e no longer addicted to 68. ________ (cigarette).
Set a specific goal at a time and stick to it. As soon as you reach your goal, make 69. ________ one. Before you know it you will have formed a(n) 70. ________ (health) lifestyle!
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.?每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；?2.?只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I’ve known Li Ming since I was seven. He lives nearly my house, so we play together all the times and have become very good friends. We go to the same school and have all joined the school basketball team. We cooperate (配合) so well when we’re played basketball matches. The reason I think is what we know each other so well that we can read each others thoughts quickly. I am so luck to have a good partner in my life. Although we have arguments sometimes, but we make up soon and forgot the unhappiness. We抳e promised to friends forever!
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，正在美国某校作交换生，想租一间公寓，互联网上一则出租公寓的广告引起了你的注意。请你给房东史密斯夫人写一封电子邮件了解一下相关信息。内容主要包括：
1.?三人合租半年的价格；2.?是否有家具，特别是空调；3.?附近是否有公交站；4.?是否允许养宠物。
注意：?1.?词数100左右；2.?可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.?开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Mrs. Smith,
???????? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋
牋牋牋牋牋 Yours sincerely,
牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋Li Hua
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
During a weekend visit last summer, I decided to show my nephew, Paul, my old comic books. I thought it would be fun to introduce him to my favorite handful of characters. I knew Superman and Spider-Man were still popular, but I figured the Green Lantern of my youth had probably gone the way of other long-forgotten heroes.
John Stewart, the first African-American to serve as the Green Lantern, was one of the first African-American superheroes to become widely popular. A former marine (海军陆战队士兵), he fought evil (邪恶) with the help of a ring that made him almost unstoppable. Stewart seemed to have everything I could have wanted for my future: the respect of others, the power to control himself, and the best sense of style ever.
Growing up in the 1970s,營 idolized Stewart. I was crazy about the comics featuring Stewart, not just because he was a true superhero but because of his back story. Unlike Superman, Stewart seemed like a hero I could understand. His life had its ups and downs; his problems were real life problems that I could relate to. He came from a bad neighborhood and hadn抰 always been on the road to superhero status (身份).
For a little while in the early 1990s, there was a series that focused only on Stewart as the Green Lantern, but after it ended, Stewart was replaced and seemed likely to be forgotten. Much to my surprise, however, Paul knew exactly who Stewart was. He was just as big a fan as I had been, but for different reasons. For me, Stewart抯 rocky life story was central to his appeal. For Paul, however, Stewart抯 past didn抰 matter as much as did his actions. Paul admired Stewart because he was such a strong role model. In Paul抯 worldview, Stewart was simply a superhero, just like Superman. He admired them both without worrying about their back stories.
1. When introducing the Green Lantern to Paul, the author thought he _____.
A. would speak ill of this character
B. might have no idea of this character
C. would be equally interested in this character
D. would compare it with Superman and Spider-Man
2. What do we know about Stewart抯 ring?
A. It was full of magic.
B. It was a symbol of evil.
C. It belonged to Superman.
D. It gave him a lot of trouble.
3. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. The author took the place of Stewart.
B. The author admired Stewart greatly.
C. The author tried to do what Stewart had done.
D. The author looked for Stewart in the real world.
4. In the author抯 mind, what was the difference between Stewart and Superman?
A. Superman won more respect than Stewart.
B. Stewart had more power than Superman.
C. The image of Stewart was more realistic.
D. The story of Stewart was more amusing.
5. Paul considered Stewart as a superhero just because of _____.
A. who he was
B. what he did
C. what he shared
D. what he represented
B
Robots come in many shapes and sizes, but scientists in燴urich,燬witzerland, have developed one that抯 different from any other. Built in a lab at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, the new robot looks and acts just like a salamander (火蜥蜴). It’s called the Pleurobot, and scientists at the lab say that it’s one of the most realistic robotic animals ever made!
To create the robot, scientists took hundreds of X-rays of real salamanders. They studied the images of these animals (living both on land and in water) to see which joints (关节) and muscles the animals use as they move. Then the scientists built the Pleurobot’s skeleton to move just like the real thing. This makes the robot’s movements incredibly lifelike.
According to experts, salamanders were among the first animals to develop a skeleton and nervous system that allowed them to travel on land.?“By studying the modern salamander, we have a time window to the ancestors of all?vertebrates?(脊椎动物), including humans,” Auke Ijspeert, the leader of the team that designed the robot, told Scholastic News Online.
Both people and salamanders have a spinal cord? (脊髓). An injury to the spinal cord can result in?the inability to move. Currently, there is no cure for paralysis (瘫痪). Ijspeert hopes that the Pleurobot can help change爐hat. Because everything about the robot is so accurate, Ijspeert抯 team can study how its movement is affected by different electrical signals signals that act similarly to the way the brain controls the spinal cord in humans. These studies could help researchers develop new ways to help people who have been paralyzed by spinal cord injuries.
Scientists think that the Pleurobot could also be used for search-and-rescue missions too dangerous for humans. Because the robot is low to the ground and has a wide range of motion, it could be used to get into dangerous places, like fallen buildings, to look for survivors. Thanks to its waterproof suit, the robotic salamander could even participate in underwater missions.
Experts at the Swiss Federal Institute are now working on a smaller, sturdier (harder to break) model of the Pleurobot. They expect this one to be even better suited for getting into small spaces to do dangerous work.
6. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. How real salamanders move.
B. What the Pleurobot looks like.
C. Why scientists invented the Pleurobot.
D. How scientists designed the Pleurobot.
7. What does the underlined word 搕hat in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The shape of the spinal cord.
B. The movement of robotic animals.
C. The problem of spinal cord injuries.
D. The way the brain controls the spinal cord.
8. What can we learn about the Pleurobot?
A. It is easy to control.
B. It has a detailed design.
C. It can only be used on land.
D. It has been accepted widely.
9. Which of the following can best describe the Pleurobot?
A. Fashionable.?? B. Entertaining.
C. Functional.?? D. Power-saving.
10. The text is most probably _____.
A. a news?report
B. a research paper
C. an advertisement
D.?an?official document
参考答案
21-25 BBDBC??? ???? 26-30 ADCBD 31-35 DCBAC ???? 36-40 EFACD
41-45 BBDCC 46-50 ADCBD? ??? 51-55 BDBBC ? ? ?56-60 CDCCB
61. it ? ? ??62. the more stressed ? ? ? ?63. pressure 64. a ? ? ? ??65. smoking?
66. for 67. Finally ????????68. cigarettes ? ? 69. another 70. healthy
短文改错：
71. ... lives nearly my ... ???? nearly?→?near
72. ... all the times ... ????????? times?→?time
73. ... have all joined ... ? ? ? all?→?both
74. ... we’re played ... ???????? played?→?playing
75. ... is what we know ... ? ? what?→?that或去掉what
76. ... each others’ ... ? ? ? ? ? others’→?other’s
77. ... so luck to ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?luck?→?lucky
78. ... but we make ... ?????????去掉but?
79. ... and forgot the ... ? ? ? ? forgot?→?forget
80. ... to friends ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?friends前加be
One possible version：
Dear Mrs. Smith,
I am a Chinese student studying here. I have seen an advertisement for your apartment on the Internet. So I am writing to ask you for more details.
Three of us will be sharing your apartment. So, first, I抎 like to know what the total price will be for half a year. Then please tell me whether the apartment is furnished. In particular, I wonder if it has air conditioning. Besides, please let me know whether it is close to public transport. Finally, are pets allowed in the apartment?
I am looking forward to your reply.
牋牋 牋牋牋Yours sincerely,
牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 Li Hua
部分解析
阅读理解：
第一节：
A篇?(兴趣与爱好)
本文是应用文。文章介绍了五个关于大笑的活动。
21. B。细节理解题。由Sept. 17?18举办的活动介绍10 am?5 pm daily at Irvine Valley College ... Includes practice with Jeffrey Briar可知。
22. B。细节理解题。由Sept. 30举办的活动介绍A workshop for those who have completed Laughter Leader / Skills courses and want to get ideas and real advice on how to promote themselves可知，已完成大笑瑜伽导师课程的人若想参加高级研修班，可拨打该组织电话。
23. D。细节理解题。由Oct. 29?Nov. 5期间举办的活动介绍Daily laughter sessions, onboard programs, easy yoga classes ...可知，该活动是一次巡航活动，参加者会在邮轮上参与简单的大笑瑜伽课。
B篇?(人际关系)
本文是记叙文。作者是美国人，共同的名字让他与维也纳的一家人成为了好朋友。
24. B。细节理解题。由第一段的search for people who shared the same names ... tried her ... brother’s name?—?Marcus, and that was how she hit upon me可知，名字促成了作者与Monica之间的友谊。
25. C。细节理解题。由第二段的if I could tell her something that I thought they should know before they began their great adventure可知，Regine和丈夫打算骑着摩托车在美国旅行，于是她冒昧地给作者写邮件询问关于美国的信息。
26. A。推理判断题。由第三段的I ... putting together what I considered reasonably practical advice and sent it along和第四段The Gottliebs eventually ... enjoyed every minute of it可知，作者耐心地向Gottlieb一家提供了帮助。作为答谢，他们向作者提供了家里的钥匙，欢迎他去维也纳旅行。
27. D。推理判断题。由最后四段作者去了维也纳与Gottlieb一家相处融洽、交谈甚欢可知，作者的维也纳之旅非常愉快。
C篇?(健康)
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一本关于指导人们成功减肥的新书。
28. C。推理判断题。由第二段的tens of millions of Americans are dieting ... are actively trying to lose weight可知，越来越多的美国人意识到他们需要减肥。
29. B。细节理解题。第四段解释沉思期时你可以考虑到改变的利弊，但无法权衡出孰重孰轻，而准备期时你已能意识到减肥的利大于弊但却不知如何开始，由此可知，沉思期一般发生在准备期之前。
30. D。推理判断题。由倒数第二段的one-third of all the people who come to see a psychologist such as herself可知，很多暴饮暴食者向Nash博士这样的心理学家求助，故Nash博士提供心理咨询方面的指导。
31. D。写作目的题。文章首段即主旨段，再由下文提及Nash博士对于人们在减肥节食方面的观点可知，本文旨在介绍她写的这本关于指导人们成功减肥的新书。
D篇?(文娱与体育)
本文是议论文。文章探讨了儿童是否应该参加极限运动。
32. C。词义猜测题。对比划线词后However一词的转折可知，此处指第一段提及的滑板、冲浪、滑雪这些运动带来的快乐终身吸引着我们。
33. B。推理判断题。由第三段的considers ... be dangerous to the growing bodies of young children and looks for advice from medical professionals可知，Jon Lackman对儿童是否应该参加极限运动持怀疑的态度。
34. A。推理判断题。由第六段作者的父母在他五岁时就让他接触冲浪运动和倒数第三段作者认为极限运动有助于培养儿童的冒险意识可知，那时他的父母期望他能有一点冒险精神。
35. C。推理判断题。由倒数第三段的In sports such as surfing and snowboarding, there’s a sense of adventure and courage that is important to instill in young children可知，作者认为极限运动有助于培养儿童的勇气和胆量。
第二节：
话题：历史
本文是记叙文。文章描述了泰坦尼克号沉没之夜发生的事。
36. E。由上文的saw the iceberg just a few hundred metres away和下文的the ship wasn’t straight in the water可知，冰山近在咫尺，虽已发现，但泰坦尼克号因速度过快还是撞上了冰山。
37. F。由下文的the Californian?... sent a radio message to warn other ships in the area可知，泰坦尼克号在撞击冰山前收到过警告。
38. A。由文中出现的时间节点可知，泰坦尼克号于当晚11点40撞上了冰山。
39. C。由下文的the Californian?didn’t move可知，加利福尼亚号没有去营救，因为该船船长看到泰坦尼克号上燃放的烟火，以为他们正在举办舞会。
40. D。D项中的it raced to help the ship与下文的?the Carpathia?... rescued the survivors相呼应。
英语知识运用：
第一节：
话题：周围的环境
本文是议论文。文章探讨了屋顶花园的好处。
41. B。
42. B。由下文的play sports以及最后一段的something everyone can enjoy可知，公园不仅是人们“休闲（relax）”娱乐的场所，也使人们能够远离“喧嚣的（noisy）”城市。
43. D。由下文谈及公园里的植物可以吸收二氧化碳、释放氧气以及有助于降低城市温度可知，人们常常忽视了公园在“环境方面（environmental）”所带来的好处。
44. C。由下文解释“城市热岛效应”可知，相较于建筑材料吸收较多的太阳热量，公园（里的植物）可使城市变得“更凉爽（cooler）”。
45. C。由下文的these building materials可知，金属、混凝土和沥青都属于建筑“材料（materials）”。
46. A。由下文的cities are ... warmer than surrounding rural areas可知，建筑材料比树木吸收的太阳热量多，但也比树木释放热量更“快（quickly）”。
47. D。
48. C。由上文解释“城市热岛效应”可知，城市里含有很多吸热多的建筑材料，这就是城市“通常（usually）”比周围乡村更热的原因，故此处用Because。
49. B。由上文对比建筑材料和树木对城市温度的影响可知，公园和绿地有助于“降低（reduce）”“城市热岛效应”。
50. D。公园对降低城市温度的好处不言而喻，“不幸的是（Unfortunately）”，许多城市却不能修建更多的公园。
51. B。城市不能修建更多公园的原因是大量的“土地（land）”已经被用于修建房屋、马路和停车场。
52. D。综上所述公园带来的好处可知，城市可以从另一种类型的绿地中“受益（benefit from）”。
53. B。城市公园不够多，但可以鼓励市民“修建（create）”另一种类型的绿地——屋顶花园。
54. B。由but一词的转折可知，相对于那些复杂、投资大的屋顶花园，有些屋顶可以做成“简单的（simple）”盆栽花园，既省时又不费力。
55. C。屋顶花园可以像公园一样，产生氧气“取代（replace）”二氧化碳。
56. C。由下文的obviously reduce cooling bills可知，屋顶花园降低“城市热岛效应”，也就意味着为人们节省“钱财（money）”。
57. D。屋顶花园“阻止（prevent）”房屋吸收太阳热量。
58. C。冬天，屋顶花园可以使房屋保温，这样就节省了暖气费的支出，故选savings。
59. C。屋顶花园提供的新鲜食材也使得人们的饮食“更健康（healthier）”。
60. B。由上述屋顶花园带给人们的好处可知，屋顶花园是一项“聪明的（smart）”环境投资。
第二节：
61. it。考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语，to change them是真正的主语，故填it。
62. the more stressed。考查形容词比较级的用法。设空处所在句用了“the +比较级?...，the +比较级?...”的结构，表示“越……，越……”，故填the more stressed。
63. pressure。考查名词。under pressure意为“在压力之下”。
64. a。考查不定冠词。make a big difference意为“产生很大的影响/带来很大变化”。
65. smoking。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。feel like doing sth.?意为“想要做某事”。
66. for。考查介词。go for a walk意为“去散步”。
67. Finally。考查副词。设空处修饰整个句子，故填Finally。
68. cigarettes。考查名词复数。设空处指的是一类事物，故填cigarettes。
69. another。考查限定词。由语境可知设空处指“别的，另外的”，?故填another。
70. healthy。考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处在此作定语修饰名词lifestyle，故填healthy。
[选做题参考答案及解析]
参考答案
1-5 BABCB??????? 6-10 DCBCA
解析
A篇?(兴趣与爱好)
本文是记叙文。文章描述了作者和他的侄子对超级英雄形象的不同理解。
1. B。推理判断题。由第一段的I figured the Green Lantern of my youth had probably gone the way of other long-forgotten heroes和最后一段的Much to my surprise, however, Paul knew exactly who Stewart was可知，作者起初认为他的侄子不知道绿灯侠约翰?斯图尔特是谁。
2. A。细节理解题。由第二段的fought evil with the help of a ring that made him almost unstoppable可知，斯图尔特的戒指几乎可以让他不可阻挡地与邪恶作斗争，故这枚戒指具有魔力。
3. B。句意理解题。由划线部分后的I was crazy about the comics featuring Stewart以及下文作者解释喜欢斯图尔特可知，他非常钦佩斯图尔特。
4. C。细节理解题。由第三段的His life had its ups and downs; his problems were real life problems that I could relate to可知，相较于超人，作者认为斯图尔特的形象更具有现实意义。
5. B。推理判断题。由最后一段的For Paul, however, Stewart’s past didn’t matter as much as did his actions可知，对于保罗来说，他认为斯图尔特是一个超级英雄仅仅因为他所做的事情，而不是他的过去。
B篇?(现代技术)
本文是说明文。文章介绍了瑞士科学家最新研制出的仿生机器人Pleurobot。
6. D。段落大意题。由第二段可知，仿生机器人Pleurobot是科学家参照并模拟两栖动物火蜥蜴骨骼运动而制造出来的，故本段描述了科学家是如何设计出Pleurobot的。
7. C。篇章结构题。由第三段可知，研究火蜥蜴有利于研究所有脊椎动物，包括人类；再由第四段可知，科学家认为通过研究电流信号对机器人Pleurobot的影响，可以了解人类大脑如何控制脊髓，进而解决人类因脊髓受伤而导致的瘫痪问题。故that此处指上文提到的“瘫痪无法治愈”这一问题。
8. B。细节理解题。由第四段的everything about the robot is so accurate可知，仿生机器人Pleurobot设计精细。
9. C。推理判断题。由文章第四段和第五段可知，仿生机器人Pleurobot不仅有助于科学家解决治疗人类瘫痪的问题，还可以被用于陆上和水下救援任务中，故该机器人具有多功能性。
10. A。文章出处题。由第三段的told Scholastic News Online的行文格式和最后一段的Experts ... are now working on a smaller, sturdier (harder to break) model of the Pleurobot可知，瑞士科学家最新研制出的仿生机器人Pleurobot还在改进中，故本文最有可能是一篇新闻报道。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
EVENTS
Aug. 31-Sept. 4, Laughter Bus
Cape Town,?South Africa
Lovely sightseeing tour with laughter, fun and festivities. The tour departs (启程) from Cape Town towards the Garden Route, stopping at beautiful and interesting places, enjoying lunch at the seaside and sharing laughter with local communities. Costs: $800.
+27 7222-97454, info@laughterbus.co.za
Sept. 17-18, Laughter Yoga 2-day Certified Leader Training
Irvine,燙alifornia,燯SA
10 am?5 pm daily at?Irvine?Valley?College. Learn to laugh for health without the need of jokes. Start a laughter club, share laughter with elders and kids, and earn income sharing happiness. Includes practice with Jeffrey Briar. Costs: $295.
(949) 376-1939, JBriar@LYInstitute.org
Sept. 30, Laughter is Serious Business Workshop
St. Albans,?Hertfordshire,?UK
A workshop for those who have completed Laughter Leader / Skills courses and want to get ideas and real advice on how to promote (提升) themselves. 10 am?3 pm with lunch break. Costs: ?100 (includes a ?25 DVD).
+44 (0) 1727-741-050, lotte@unitedmind.co.uk
Oct. 7-9,?Laguna?Laughter?Club?Mountain?Retreat?(静修)
Angelus Oaks,?California,?USA
Everyone is welcome on this three-day retreat in the pine?forest?of?Redlands. Daily laughter yoga sessions, music, dancing, hiking, and vision-sharing. Costs: $150 (includes meals).
(949) 376-1241, Anne@LaughingAnne.com
Oct. 29-Nov. 5, Laughter Cruise in the燙aribbean
The tour departs from燤iami,燜lorida,燯SA. Daily laughter sessions, onboard programs, easy yoga classes, creating new exercises, fun and friendship!燞ollandAmerica燣ines. Costs: $719.
(941) 349-6069, amy.ferrell@verizon.net
21. Where can you meet Jeffrey Briar?
A. On a燙aribbean爄sland.
B. At營rvine燰alley燙ollege.
C. At the seaside of燙ape Town.
D. In the pine爁orest爋f燫edlands.
22. Which number should you call if you want to attend an advanced Laughter Yoga Leader course?
A. +27 7222-97454.
B. +44 (0) 1727-741-050.
C. (949) 376-1241.
D. (941) 349-6069.
23. When can you take an easy laughter yoga class on a ship?
A. Aug. 31.
B. Sept. 17.
C. Oct. 7.牋
D. Oct. 29.
B
Several years ago, I received an e-mail from a total stranger a 17-year-old girl named Monica Gottlieb, who lived in燰ienna. In poor English, she explained that she was doing an online search for people who shared the same names as members of her family. She tried her 19-year-old brother抯 name Marcus, and that was how she hit upon me. Monica asked me to write back and tell her a little something about myself, which I did.
Not long after our first exchanges, Monica抯 mother, Regine, wrote to me. Regine抯 English was a little better than Monica, so she was able to provide more details about their life in燰ienna. She also mentioned that she and her husband Michael were planning their first visit to the燯S. As motorcycle lovers, they intended to make a two-wheeled tour of燙alifornia燼nd the Southwestern states. She wondered if I could tell her something that I thought they should know before they began their great adventure.
I spent about an hour putting together what I considered reasonably practical advice and sent it along. Regine wrote back with thanks, and told me if I came to燰ienna, I should consider the Gottlieb family home as my own. She even offered me both a room and a key to the house.
The Gottliebs eventually made their motorcycle trip and enjoyed every minute of it. Eight months later, I was welcomed to燗ustria燽y the Gottlieb family.
We got to know each other fairly quickly. Michael and I even seemed to hit it off particularly well. Almost the same age, and sharing a similar sense of humor, we were soon so comfortable with each other.
A few days later, Michael, Regine, and I were walking off the big meal we had just had at an open-air restaurant. As we walked and chatted, an older man coming toward us said something in German to Regine. She replied politely, laughing. After he passed by, I asked Regine if the man was a friend.
揘o, she said. 揌e looked at you and Michael and said, 慖t抯 nice to see two brothers out for a walk together.挃
Brothers? Well not quite. But perhaps long-lost cousins after all.
24. Which of the following helped start the author抯 friendship with Monica?
A. A stranger.牋
B. Names.
C. Hobbies.牋
D. A visit.
25. Why did Regine write her first e-mail to the author?
A. To invite him to join their two-wheeled tour.
B. To offer practical advice about his trip to燰ienna.
C. To ask for some useful information about the燯S.
D. To provide him with information about燙alifornia.
26. Why did the Gottliebs offer the author a key to their house?
A. They wanted to thank him.
B. He was the real owner of the house.
C. They expected to see him immediately.
D. He would look after the house for them.
27. Which can be used to describe the author抯 trip to燰ienna?
A. Tiring.牋牋
B. Boring.
C. Fruitless.牋
D. Pleasant.
C
There are lots of books designed to help us succeed in our weight-loss efforts. One of the latest such books is entitled燤aximise Your Body Potential: Lifetime Skills for Successful Weight Management, and is written by psychologist Joyce Nash, Ph.D.
Dr. Nash presents some interesting statistics which show that, despite the fact that as a country we are growing fatter, at any given time, tens of millions of Americans are dieting. A quarter of all adult men and nearly half of all adult women are actively trying to lose weight.
She categorizes (分类) the different stages that generally happen before the decision to try to lose weight.爴Those who aren抰 actively dieting and are just talking about it, are stuck in either what抯 called the contemplation stage or the preparation stage.
The contemplation stage is the one in which you want to change, but you are not quite ready; you can think of both the pros and cons of changing, but they balance each other out. In the preparation stage, you know you want to take action, you realize the pros of weight loss outweigh the cons, but you arent sure how to begin.
Believe it or not, Dr. Nash even says that now is not always the right time to begin a weight-loss program. 揑f you jump into the action stage before you抳e done enough thinking in the preparation stage deciding when to do this, how to do this, and what the potential barriers are then you can actually set yourself up for failure. That抯 when people who start a diet fall off it, and pretty soon arrive at the notion, 慖 can抰 do this. I抦 a failure. I抣l never be able to do this.挃
Surprisingly, Dr. Nash says that about one-third of all the people who come to see a psychologist such as herself, for help with an eating disorder, are binge eaters, and they are usually overweight.
Dr. Nash explains that binge eating is 揺ating an amount of food that is larger than most people would eat under similar situations, and an experience of not being able to stop it or control it.
28. According to Dr. Nash, more and more Americans _____.
A. are asking her for help
B. are living a healthy life
C. realize they need to lose weight
D. succeed in their weight-loss efforts
29. Which of the following descriptions is about the contemplation stage?
A. It refers to how to balance the pros and cons.
B. It usually happens before the preparation stage.
C. It抯 usually more important than the action stage.
D. It抯 a time when people always trust themselves.
30. What can we learn about Dr. Nash?
A. She has an eating disorder.
B. She used to be overweight.
C. She has a very small stomach.
D. She offers psychological guidance.
31. What is the author抯 purpose in writing the text?
A. To help people start a diet.
B. To show how to lose weight.
C. To present a weight-loss program.
D. To introduce a new book on weight loss.
D
Were you into skateboarding, surfing or snowboarding when you were a kid? We can remember our first (less than successful) go at skateboarding, as well as the first time we managed to stand up on爋ne of those爏urfboards.
It was so much fun that we were爃ooked爁or life. However, not everyone thinks that introducing children to extreme sports is a good idea.
In the article from燭he New York Times, writer Jon Lackman considers whether sports like snowboarding, climbing and skateboarding could be dangerous to the growing bodies of young children and looks for advice from medical professionals.
揔ids aren抰 mentally ready for these activities,敔says professor of orthopaedics (矫形外科), Dr. Vani Sabesan.?“They tend to underestimate (低估) the risks, and their parents can’t always be trusted to keep them in check.”
Sabesan is particularly worried about the effects of extreme?sports?on TV?and the Internet on children. “What we’re seeing is a lot of kids thinking maybe they can do what these professional athletes can do.
As someone who was encouraged to give bodyboarding a go by the age of five and then presented with a surfboard aged seven, I think these worries are a little overstated (夸大的),? if not misplaced.
Extreme sports can be dangerous, yes, but there’s as much chance of falling off your bike or your roller skates as off a skateboard or surfboard.
My own experience of extreme sports leads me to think that I’ll allow my own kids to try them?in the same way my parents allowed me.
In sports such as surfing and snowboarding, there’s a sense of adventure and courage that is important to instill (慢慢灌输) in young children.
Did I fall off my surfboard? All the time. Did I get back on? Every time.
Are the more extreme sports too dangerous for younger kids and better saved for teenagers? Are extreme sports a great experience for all children to have and a great way to make the most out of your childhood?
32. What does the underlined word 揾ooked in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Warned.
B. Cheated.
C. Attracted.
D. Confused.
33. What抯 Jon Lackman抯 attitude towards kids taking part in extreme sports?
A. Amazed.
B. Doubtful.
C. Admiring.
D. Supportive.
34. What did the author抯 parents expect him to do when he was very young?
A. To have a spirit of adventure.
B. To set a good example to others.
C. To become a professional athlete.
D. To get away from extreme sports.
35. What does the author think of extreme sports?
A. They are really very dangerous for kids.
B. They are as easy to learn as roller skating.
C. They are helpful for kids to find their courage.
D. They are more suitable for teenagers than kids.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The night the Titanic sank
From a high place on the ship, Fred Fleet, who worked on?the Titanic, saw the iceberg (冰山) just a few hundred metres away. He rang the bell to warn the people driving the ship.牋36牋Soon after that, one passenger, Major Peuchen, noticed that the ship wasn抰 straight in the water. But nobody listened to him.
37牋Another ship 棤the Californian爓as about 30 kilometres north of爐he Titanic. Whenthe Californian爏aw the iceberg, it stopped. It also sent a radio message to warn other ships in the area. At about11:15,爐he Californian抯 radio operator turned off the radio, and went to bed.燭he Titanic爏ent a message back giving its position wrongly!牋38牋
Soon after midnight, the crew (船员) of?the Californian?saw rockets going up into the sky from the Titanic. Their captain said, ‘Fireworks!??39?‘ The radio wasn’t turned on again, and?the Californian?didn’t move. At 12:25 am on?the Titanic, people began to get into the lifeboats.
At 2:20 am on April 15th爐he Titanic爁inally sank. Another ship,爐he Carpathia, heard爐he Titanic抯 last call for help.牋40牋At 4:10 am,爐he Carpathia爏aw the Titanic抯 lifeboats floating on the dark water, and rescued the survivors. Later,爐he Californian爐urned the radio back on, and heard that爐he Titanic爃ad sunk.
A. The accident happened at about 11:40.
B. Everyone was very proud of爐he Titanic.
C. The passengers of爐he Titanic燼re having a party.
D. It was 58 miles away, but it raced to help the ship.
E. But it was travelling too fast to stop, and it hit the iceberg.
F. Before the accident,?the Titanic?had received an ice warning.
G. A lot of people stayed on the ship instead of trying to escape.
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They provide a place for people to??41??and play sports, as well as a shelter from the??42??environment of a city. What people often forget is that parks also provide considerable牋43牋benefits.
One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. Parks also make cities牋44. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building牋45牋such as metal, concrete, and asphalt (沥青) absorb much more of the sun’s heat and release it much more??46??than trees and grass.??47??city landscapes contain so many of these building materials, cities are??48??warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces can help to??49??the Urban Heat Island Effect.牋50, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most牋51牋is already being used for buildings, roads, and parking lots.
However, cities could牋52牋many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to牋53牋another type of green space: rooftop (屋顶) gardens. Some rooftop gardens are very complex and require a large investment, but others are??54??container gardens that anyone can create with a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.
Like parks, rooftop gardens help to??55??carbon dioxide in the air with oxygen. They also help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect, which can save people56.
In the summer, rooftop gardens牋57牋buildings absorbing heat from the sun, which can obviously reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help hold in the heat that materials like brick and concrete send out so quickly, leading to牋58牋on heating bills. Rooftop vegetable can also provide fresh food for city people, making their diets牋59. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy, they are also a牋60牋environmental investment.
41. A. hide 燘. relax C. live D. wait
42. A. old 牋B. noisy C. clean D. social
43. A. medical B. technical C. traditional 燚. environmental
44. A. safer B. newer C. cooler 燚. greater
45. A. sites 燘. costs C. materials D. companies
46. A. quickly 燘. gently C. differently 燚. normally
47. A. Although B. Unless C. Before 燚. Because
48. A. hardly B. suddenly C. usually D. comfortably
49. A. show 燘. reduce C. spread D. experience
50. A. Strangely 燘. Interestingly C. Eventually D. Unfortunately
51. A. water B. land C. metal 燚. sunlight
52. A. contribute to B. give up C. break down D. benefit from
53. A. discover 燘. create C. share D. visit
54. A. secret B. simple C. huge D. famous
55. A. carry 燘. mix C. replace 燚. provide
56. A. time B. space C. money 牋牋牋牋牋 D. effort
57. A. set B. keep C. bring 燚. prevent
58. A. losses B. focus C. savings D. problems
59. A. stricter B. more popular C. healthier 燚. more expensive
60. A. wrong B. smart C. funny D. crazy
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
We all have habits and routines. Once we get into these habits or routines, 61. ________ can be difficult to change them.
Finding out what causes a bad habit is an important step to changing that habit. For example, for some people, 62. ________ (stressed) they get, the more they bite their nails. Knowing that stress leads to nail biting can help people to find something to keep their hands busy when they are under 63. ________ (press).
Little changes can make 64. ________ big difference. Next time you feel like 65. ________ (smoke), put it off. Instead, keep yourself busy by doing work, reading, or going 66. ________ a walk. Sometimes, if you wait a little while, you will find that the desire goes away. If not, go ahead but cut down the amount. 67. ________ (final), you抣l find you抮e no longer addicted to 68. ________ (cigarette).
Set a specific goal at a time and stick to it. As soon as you reach your goal, make 69. ________ one. Before you know it you will have formed a(n) 70. ________ (health) lifestyle!
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.?每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；?2.?只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I’ve known Li Ming since I was seven. He lives nearly my house, so we play together all the times and have become very good friends. We go to the same school and have all joined the school basketball team. We cooperate (配合) so well when we’re played basketball matches. The reason I think is what we know each other so well that we can read each others thoughts quickly. I am so luck to have a good partner in my life. Although we have arguments sometimes, but we make up soon and forgot the unhappiness. We抳e promised to friends forever!
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，正在美国某校作交换生，想租一间公寓，互联网上一则出租公寓的广告引起了你的注意。请你给房东史密斯夫人写一封电子邮件了解一下相关信息。内容主要包括：
1.?三人合租半年的价格；2.?是否有家具，特别是空调；3.?附近是否有公交站；4.?是否允许养宠物。
注意：?1.?词数100左右；2.?可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.?开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Mrs. Smith,
???????? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋
牋牋牋牋牋 Yours sincerely,
牋牋 牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋Li Hua
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
During a weekend visit last summer, I decided to show my nephew, Paul, my old comic books. I thought it would be fun to introduce him to my favorite handful of characters. I knew Superman and Spider-Man were still popular, but I figured the Green Lantern of my youth had probably gone the way of other long-forgotten heroes.
John Stewart, the first African-American to serve as the Green Lantern, was one of the first African-American superheroes to become widely popular. A former marine (海军陆战队士兵), he fought evil (邪恶) with the help of a ring that made him almost unstoppable. Stewart seemed to have everything I could have wanted for my future: the respect of others, the power to control himself, and the best sense of style ever.
Growing up in the 1970s,營 idolized Stewart. I was crazy about the comics featuring Stewart, not just because he was a true superhero but because of his back story. Unlike Superman, Stewart seemed like a hero I could understand. His life had its ups and downs; his problems were real life problems that I could relate to. He came from a bad neighborhood and hadn抰 always been on the road to superhero status (身份).
For a little while in the early 1990s, there was a series that focused only on Stewart as the Green Lantern, but after it ended, Stewart was replaced and seemed likely to be forgotten. Much to my surprise, however, Paul knew exactly who Stewart was. He was just as big a fan as I had been, but for different reasons. For me, Stewart抯 rocky life story was central to his appeal. For Paul, however, Stewart抯 past didn抰 matter as much as did his actions. Paul admired Stewart because he was such a strong role model. In Paul抯 worldview, Stewart was simply a superhero, just like Superman. He admired them both without worrying about their back stories.
1. When introducing the Green Lantern to Paul, the author thought he _____.
A. would speak ill of this character
B. might have no idea of this character
C. would be equally interested in this character
D. would compare it with Superman and Spider-Man
2. What do we know about Stewart抯 ring?
A. It was full of magic.
B. It was a symbol of evil.
C. It belonged to Superman.
D. It gave him a lot of trouble.
3. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. The author took the place of Stewart.
B. The author admired Stewart greatly.
C. The author tried to do what Stewart had done.
D. The author looked for Stewart in the real world.
4. In the author抯 mind, what was the difference between Stewart and Superman?
A. Superman won more respect than Stewart.
B. Stewart had more power than Superman.
C. The image of Stewart was more realistic.
D. The story of Stewart was more amusing.
5. Paul considered Stewart as a superhero just because of _____.
A. who he was
B. what he did
C. what he shared
D. what he represented
B
Robots come in many shapes and sizes, but scientists in燴urich,燬witzerland, have developed one that抯 different from any other. Built in a lab at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, the new robot looks and acts just like a salamander (火蜥蜴). It’s called the Pleurobot, and scientists at the lab say that it’s one of the most realistic robotic animals ever made!
To create the robot, scientists took hundreds of X-rays of real salamanders. They studied the images of these animals (living both on land and in water) to see which joints (关节) and muscles the animals use as they move. Then the scientists built the Pleurobot’s skeleton to move just like the real thing. This makes the robot’s movements incredibly lifelike.
According to experts, salamanders were among the first animals to develop a skeleton and nervous system that allowed them to travel on land.?“By studying the modern salamander, we have a time window to the ancestors of all?vertebrates?(脊椎动物), including humans,” Auke Ijspeert, the leader of the team that designed the robot, told Scholastic News Online.
Both people and salamanders have a spinal cord? (脊髓). An injury to the spinal cord can result in?the inability to move. Currently, there is no cure for paralysis (瘫痪). Ijspeert hopes that the Pleurobot can help change爐hat. Because everything about the robot is so accurate, Ijspeert抯 team can study how its movement is affected by different electrical signals signals that act similarly to the way the brain controls the spinal cord in humans. These studies could help researchers develop new ways to help people who have been paralyzed by spinal cord injuries.
Scientists think that the Pleurobot could also be used for search-and-rescue missions too dangerous for humans. Because the robot is low to the ground and has a wide range of motion, it could be used to get into dangerous places, like fallen buildings, to look for survivors. Thanks to its waterproof suit, the robotic salamander could even participate in underwater missions.
Experts at the Swiss Federal Institute are now working on a smaller, sturdier (harder to break) model of the Pleurobot. They expect this one to be even better suited for getting into small spaces to do dangerous work.
6. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. How real salamanders move.
B. What the Pleurobot looks like.
C. Why scientists invented the Pleurobot.
D. How scientists designed the Pleurobot.
7. What does the underlined word 搕hat in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The shape of the spinal cord.
B. The movement of robotic animals.
C. The problem of spinal cord injuries.
D. The way the brain controls the spinal cord.
8. What can we learn about the Pleurobot?
A. It is easy to control.
B. It has a detailed design.
C. It can only be used on land.
D. It has been accepted widely.
9. Which of the following can best describe the Pleurobot?
A. Fashionable.?? B. Entertaining.
C. Functional.?? D. Power-saving.
10. The text is most probably _____.
A. a news?report
B. a research paper
C. an advertisement
D.?an?official document
参考答案
21-25 BBDBC??? ???? 26-30 ADCBD 31-35 DCBAC ???? 36-40 EFACD
41-45 BBDCC 46-50 ADCBD? ??? 51-55 BDBBC ? ? ?56-60 CDCCB
61. it ? ? ??62. the more stressed ? ? ? ?63. pressure 64. a ? ? ? ??65. smoking?
66. for 67. Finally ????????68. cigarettes ? ? 69. another 70. healthy
短文改错：
71. ... lives nearly my ... ???? nearly?→?near
72. ... all the times ... ????????? times?→?time
73. ... have all joined ... ? ? ? all?→?both
74. ... we’re played ... ???????? played?→?playing
75. ... is what we know ... ? ? what?→?that或去掉what
76. ... each others’ ... ? ? ? ? ? others’→?other’s
77. ... so luck to ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?luck?→?lucky
78. ... but we make ... ?????????去掉but?
79. ... and forgot the ... ? ? ? ? forgot?→?forget
80. ... to friends ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?friends前加be
One possible version：
Dear Mrs. Smith,
I am a Chinese student studying here. I have seen an advertisement for your apartment on the Internet. So I am writing to ask you for more details.
Three of us will be sharing your apartment. So, first, I抎 like to know what the total price will be for half a year. Then please tell me whether the apartment is furnished. In particular, I wonder if it has air conditioning. Besides, please let me know whether it is close to public transport. Finally, are pets allowed in the apartment?
I am looking forward to your reply.
牋牋 牋牋牋Yours sincerely,
牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋 Li Hua
部分解析
阅读理解：
第一节：
A篇?(兴趣与爱好)
本文是应用文。文章介绍了五个关于大笑的活动。
21. B。细节理解题。由Sept. 17?18举办的活动介绍10 am?5 pm daily at Irvine Valley College ... Includes practice with Jeffrey Briar可知。
22. B。细节理解题。由Sept. 30举办的活动介绍A workshop for those who have completed Laughter Leader / Skills courses and want to get ideas and real advice on how to promote themselves可知，已完成大笑瑜伽导师课程的人若想参加高级研修班，可拨打该组织电话。
23. D。细节理解题。由Oct. 29?Nov. 5期间举办的活动介绍Daily laughter sessions, onboard programs, easy yoga classes ...可知，该活动是一次巡航活动，参加者会在邮轮上参与简单的大笑瑜伽课。
B篇?(人际关系)
本文是记叙文。作者是美国人，共同的名字让他与维也纳的一家人成为了好朋友。
24. B。细节理解题。由第一段的search for people who shared the same names ... tried her ... brother’s name?—?Marcus, and that was how she hit upon me可知，名字促成了作者与Monica之间的友谊。
25. C。细节理解题。由第二段的if I could tell her something that I thought they should know before they began their great adventure可知，Regine和丈夫打算骑着摩托车在美国旅行，于是她冒昧地给作者写邮件询问关于美国的信息。
26. A。推理判断题。由第三段的I ... putting together what I considered reasonably practical advice and sent it along和第四段The Gottliebs eventually ... enjoyed every minute of it可知，作者耐心地向Gottlieb一家提供了帮助。作为答谢，他们向作者提供了家里的钥匙，欢迎他去维也纳旅行。
27. D。推理判断题。由最后四段作者去了维也纳与Gottlieb一家相处融洽、交谈甚欢可知，作者的维也纳之旅非常愉快。
C篇?(健康)
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一本关于指导人们成功减肥的新书。
28. C。推理判断题。由第二段的tens of millions of Americans are dieting ... are actively trying to lose weight可知，越来越多的美国人意识到他们需要减肥。
29. B。细节理解题。第四段解释沉思期时你可以考虑到改变的利弊，但无法权衡出孰重孰轻，而准备期时你已能意识到减肥的利大于弊但却不知如何开始，由此可知，沉思期一般发生在准备期之前。
30. D。推理判断题。由倒数第二段的one-third of all the people who come to see a psychologist such as herself可知，很多暴饮暴食者向Nash博士这样的心理学家求助，故Nash博士提供心理咨询方面的指导。
31. D。写作目的题。文章首段即主旨段，再由下文提及Nash博士对于人们在减肥节食方面的观点可知，本文旨在介绍她写的这本关于指导人们成功减肥的新书。
D篇?(文娱与体育)
本文是议论文。文章探讨了儿童是否应该参加极限运动。
32. C。词义猜测题。对比划线词后However一词的转折可知，此处指第一段提及的滑板、冲浪、滑雪这些运动带来的快乐终身吸引着我们。
33. B。推理判断题。由第三段的considers ... be dangerous to the growing bodies of young children and looks for advice from medical professionals可知，Jon Lackman对儿童是否应该参加极限运动持怀疑的态度。
34. A。推理判断题。由第六段作者的父母在他五岁时就让他接触冲浪运动和倒数第三段作者认为极限运动有助于培养儿童的冒险意识可知，那时他的父母期望他能有一点冒险精神。
35. C。推理判断题。由倒数第三段的In sports such as surfing and snowboarding, there’s a sense of adventure and courage that is important to instill in young children可知，作者认为极限运动有助于培养儿童的勇气和胆量。
第二节：
话题：历史
本文是记叙文。文章描述了泰坦尼克号沉没之夜发生的事。
36. E。由上文的saw the iceberg just a few hundred metres away和下文的the ship wasn’t straight in the water可知，冰山近在咫尺，虽已发现，但泰坦尼克号因速度过快还是撞上了冰山。
37. F。由下文的the Californian?... sent a radio message to warn other ships in the area可知，泰坦尼克号在撞击冰山前收到过警告。
38. A。由文中出现的时间节点可知，泰坦尼克号于当晚11点40撞上了冰山。
39. C。由下文的the Californian?didn’t move可知，加利福尼亚号没有去营救，因为该船船长看到泰坦尼克号上燃放的烟火，以为他们正在举办舞会。
40. D。D项中的it raced to help the ship与下文的?the Carpathia?... rescued the survivors相呼应。
英语知识运用：
第一节：
话题：周围的环境
本文是议论文。文章探讨了屋顶花园的好处。
41. B。
42. B。由下文的play sports以及最后一段的something everyone can enjoy可知，公园不仅是人们“休闲（relax）”娱乐的场所，也使人们能够远离“喧嚣的（noisy）”城市。
43. D。由下文谈及公园里的植物可以吸收二氧化碳、释放氧气以及有助于降低城市温度可知，人们常常忽视了公园在“环境方面（environmental）”所带来的好处。
44. C。由下文解释“城市热岛效应”可知，相较于建筑材料吸收较多的太阳热量，公园（里的植物）可使城市变得“更凉爽（cooler）”。
45. C。由下文的these building materials可知，金属、混凝土和沥青都属于建筑“材料（materials）”。
46. A。由下文的cities are ... warmer than surrounding rural areas可知，建筑材料比树木吸收的太阳热量多，但也比树木释放热量更“快（quickly）”。
47. D。
48. C。由上文解释“城市热岛效应”可知，城市里含有很多吸热多的建筑材料，这就是城市“通常（usually）”比周围乡村更热的原因，故此处用Because。
49. B。由上文对比建筑材料和树木对城市温度的影响可知，公园和绿地有助于“降低（reduce）”“城市热岛效应”。
50. D。公园对降低城市温度的好处不言而喻，“不幸的是（Unfortunately）”，许多城市却不能修建更多的公园。
51. B。城市不能修建更多公园的原因是大量的“土地（land）”已经被用于修建房屋、马路和停车场。
52. D。综上所述公园带来的好处可知，城市可以从另一种类型的绿地中“受益（benefit from）”。
53. B。城市公园不够多，但可以鼓励市民“修建（create）”另一种类型的绿地——屋顶花园。
54. B。由but一词的转折可知，相对于那些复杂、投资大的屋顶花园，有些屋顶可以做成“简单的（simple）”盆栽花园，既省时又不费力。
55. C。屋顶花园可以像公园一样，产生氧气“取代（replace）”二氧化碳。
56. C。由下文的obviously reduce cooling bills可知，屋顶花园降低“城市热岛效应”，也就意味着为人们节省“钱财（money）”。
57. D。屋顶花园“阻止（prevent）”房屋吸收太阳热量。
58. C。冬天，屋顶花园可以使房屋保温，这样就节省了暖气费的支出，故选savings。
59. C。屋顶花园提供的新鲜食材也使得人们的饮食“更健康（healthier）”。
60. B。由上述屋顶花园带给人们的好处可知，屋顶花园是一项“聪明的（smart）”环境投资。
第二节：
61. it。考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语，to change them是真正的主语，故填it。
62. the more stressed。考查形容词比较级的用法。设空处所在句用了“the +比较级?...，the +比较级?...”的结构，表示“越……，越……”，故填the more stressed。
63. pressure。考查名词。under pressure意为“在压力之下”。
64. a。考查不定冠词。make a big difference意为“产生很大的影响/带来很大变化”。
65. smoking。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。feel like doing sth.?意为“想要做某事”。
66. for。考查介词。go for a walk意为“去散步”。
67. Finally。考查副词。设空处修饰整个句子，故填Finally。
68. cigarettes。考查名词复数。设空处指的是一类事物，故填cigarettes。
69. another。考查限定词。由语境可知设空处指“别的，另外的”，?故填another。
70. healthy。考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处在此作定语修饰名词lifestyle，故填healthy。
[选做题参考答案及解析]
参考答案
1-5 BABCB??????? 6-10 DCBCA
解析
A篇?(兴趣与爱好)
本文是记叙文。文章描述了作者和他的侄子对超级英雄形象的不同理解。
1. B。推理判断题。由第一段的I figured the Green Lantern of my youth had probably gone the way of other long-forgotten heroes和最后一段的Much to my surprise, however, Paul knew exactly who Stewart was可知，作者起初认为他的侄子不知道绿灯侠约翰?斯图尔特是谁。
2. A。细节理解题。由第二段的fought evil with the help of a ring that made him almost unstoppable可知，斯图尔特的戒指几乎可以让他不可阻挡地与邪恶作斗争，故这枚戒指具有魔力。
3. B。句意理解题。由划线部分后的I was crazy about the comics featuring Stewart以及下文作者解释喜欢斯图尔特可知，他非常钦佩斯图尔特。
4. C。细节理解题。由第三段的His life had its ups and downs; his problems were real life problems that I could relate to可知，相较于超人，作者认为斯图尔特的形象更具有现实意义。
5. B。推理判断题。由最后一段的For Paul, however, Stewart’s past didn’t matter as much as did his actions可知，对于保罗来说，他认为斯图尔特是一个超级英雄仅仅因为他所做的事情，而不是他的过去。
B篇?(现代技术)
本文是说明文。文章介绍了瑞士科学家最新研制出的仿生机器人Pleurobot。
6. D。段落大意题。由第二段可知，仿生机器人Pleurobot是科学家参照并模拟两栖动物火蜥蜴骨骼运动而制造出来的，故本段描述了科学家是如何设计出Pleurobot的。
7. C。篇章结构题。由第三段可知，研究火蜥蜴有利于研究所有脊椎动物，包括人类；再由第四段可知，科学家认为通过研究电流信号对机器人Pleurobot的影响，可以了解人类大脑如何控制脊髓，进而解决人类因脊髓受伤而导致的瘫痪问题。故that此处指上文提到的“瘫痪无法治愈”这一问题。
8. B。细节理解题。由第四段的everything about the robot is so accurate可知，仿生机器人Pleurobot设计精细。
9. C。推理判断题。由文章第四段和第五段可知，仿生机器人Pleurobot不仅有助于科学家解决治疗人类瘫痪的问题，还可以被用于陆上和水下救援任务中，故该机器人具有多功能性。
10. A。文章出处题。由第三段的told Scholastic News Online的行文格式和最后一段的Experts ... are now working on a smaller, sturdier (harder to break) model of the Pleurobot可知，瑞士科学家最新研制出的仿生机器人Pleurobot还在改进中，故本文最有可能是一篇新闻报道。