2012届高考英语二轮专题复习课件：第5讲_介词
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| 名称 | 2012届高考英语二轮专题复习课件：第5讲_介词 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2011-07-10 17:54:59 | ||
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(共26张PPT)
例① So far we have done a lot to build a low carbon economy, but it is______ ideal. We have to work still harder.
A. next to B. far from
C. out of D. due to
［解析］far from 远非，远没有； next to 接近，几乎，仅次于； due to 因为，由于。
第⑤讲 介词
例② Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back ______ a big tree.
A. in B. below
C. beside D. against
［解析］考查介词。句意为：“累了，吉姆背倚着树，很快就睡着了。” against此处意为：“倚着，靠着”；below“在……下方”；beside“在……旁边”；in“在……里面或(时间)……之后”。
例③ It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ______ favors to them.
A. in preference to B. in place of
C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
［解析］句意：公务员为人们办事索要财礼是犯法的。考查复合介词。in preference to 偏爱；in place of 代替；in agreement with 与……相一致；in exchange for 为了交换……
例④Everything was perfect for the picnic___the weather.
A. in place of B. as well as
C. except for D. in case of
［解析］句意：野餐什么都好，除了天气。考查复合介词。in place of 代替；as well as 以及，和；except for 除了……； in case of… 万一发生……
例⑤ Everybody was touched ______ words after they heard her moving story.
A. beyond B. without
C. of D. in
［解析］句意：在听了她感人的故事后，每个人都被感动得说不出话来。beyond超过，越过；beyond words 不能用言语表达
尽可能熟悉常用介词如with, by, on, along, against等的用法，难点介词beyond, within, over, across, through, despite等的意思及其搭配。
in addition to= besides 除……以外，还有
in case of 万一发生……
in common with 与……有共同之处，与……相同
in face of 面对……
in time of 在……时候
in danger of 处于……的危险中
in defence of 为了保护……
牢记下列常见的复合介词
in need/want of 需要……
in short of 缺……
in favour of 有利于……
in exchange for 以交换……
in memory of 为了纪念……
in honour of 为了尊敬……
in praise of 为了赞美……
in charge of 负责……
in the charge of 由……负责
in possession of 拥有……
in the possession of 由……拥有
in search of 为了寻找……
in touch with 和……保持联系
in preparation for 为……作准备
in place of 代替，而不是
in hopes for/in the hope of 希望……
in the course of 在……的过程中
in the habit of 在……的习惯中
in front of 在……的前面
in the front of 在……的前部
in the form of 以……的形式
in the name of 以……名义
in relation to 与……相关；
in reply to 作为对……的回答
in answer to 作为对……的回应
in regard to 关于/至于……
in return for 作为对……的回报
in spite of 尽管……
in support of 支持……
in terms of 就……而言
in harmony with 与……和谐
in line with 与……一致/符合
in payment for… 为了偿还……
according to… 依据，根据……
owing to… 因为……
because of… 因为……
on account of… 因为……
by means of… 凭借……
thanks to… 多亏了……
as for/to… 至于……
due to… 由于……
apart from… 除……以外
except for… 除了……(整体的某个不足的部分)
regardless of… 不管……
contrary to… 与……相反
on behalf of… 代表……
but for… 要不是……
out of date 过期的
out of place 不合适的；不相称的
out of order 出故障的
（1）介词to可表示“一一对应”关系，其搭配如下：
①与名词搭配：
on the way to… 在去……的路上
the solution to the problem 问题的解决方法
the key to the door 门的钥匙
the answer to the question 问题的答案
to the point 切中要害，中肯
to one's taste 合某人胃口
to one's surprise/ joy/ delight 令人吃惊/高兴/快乐的是
注意下列带介词的词组
②与动词搭配：
devote…to… 为……作贡献
dance to music 伴着音乐跳舞
adapt…to… 适应……
adjust…to… 调节……以适应
attach…to… 把……粘贴到……上
owe…to… 把……归功于……
注意下列带介词的词组
（2）on的搭配难点词组：
depend/rely on 依赖于……
be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻
be on a research team 研究队中的一员
take on 雇佣；呈现
注意下列带介词的词组
（3）over 可以表示“在某事/活动进行的过程中”，如：
over a cup of coffee在喝咖啡的时候；
over lunch 在吃中餐的时候
注意下列带介词的词组
（4）考生要熟悉多个“形容词+介词”的词组以及“be done+介词(done已经形容词化，表示状态)”；如：
be conscious of 意识到
be aware of 意识到；明白
be worthy of 值得；配得上
be absent from 缺席
be present at 出席
注意下列带介词的词组
be busy with sth. 忙于……
be busy in doing sth. 忙于做……
be anxious about为……担心
be ashamed of 因……而惭愧
be suspicious of 怀疑……
be different from 与……不同
be similar to 与……相似
注意下列带介词的词组
be familiar with sth. 熟悉某物
be fond of 喜爱
be strict with sb. 对某人严格
be strict in sth. 在某方面严格
be popular with 受到……的欢迎
be tired of 厌倦……
be lost in 迷失在……专心于……
be related to 与……有关
注意下列带介词的词组
① The work is not very profitable ______ cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it.
A. in terms of B. according to
C. in relation to D. in view of
［解析］句意：这个工作就工资而言是挣不了多少钱的，但我可以从中得到宝贵的经验。in terms of 就……而言；according to 依据，根据；in relation to…关于……； in view of 鉴于，由……看来。
② People in Los Angeles have no idea of distance on the map, so they measure distance ______ time not miles.
A. by way of B. by means of
C. for lack of D. on account of
［解析］句意： 洛杉矶的人对地图上的距离没有概念，所以他们用耗费多少时间来衡量路程而不是用英尺。by way of 途经某地；by means of 凭借；用(表方式)；for lack of 由于缺乏……； on account of 因为，由于。
③ After running for a mile yesterday，I was almost ______， not feeling bad, though.
A. out of shape B. out of breath
C. out of control D. out of order
［解析］从句首“running for a mile yesterday”即可判断“我几乎是上气不接下气了。”out of shape 变形；out of breath 气喘吁吁；out of control 无法控制；out of order混乱的；出故障的。
④ My boss asked so much of me and I believed that my job was ______ his satisfaction.
A. far from B. apart from
C. ahead of D. out of
［解析］句意：老板对我要求这么多，我认为我的工作远远不能令他满意。 far from本义“远离”，引申含义为“根本不”；apart from 除……外；ahead of 在……前面，先于；out of 离开……，出于，缺乏。
⑤ ______the fact that the product is safe, many people still refuse to buy it.
A. In spite of B. For fear of
C. On account of D. As a result of
［解析］句意：尽管实际情况是该产品是安全的，许多人仍然拒绝买它。the fact 后面是同位语从句，说明其具体内容。in spite of 尽管，即使；for fear of 唯恐……；on account of 由于……；as a result of 由于……
例① So far we have done a lot to build a low carbon economy, but it is______ ideal. We have to work still harder.
A. next to B. far from
C. out of D. due to
［解析］far from 远非，远没有； next to 接近，几乎，仅次于； due to 因为，由于。
第⑤讲 介词
例② Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back ______ a big tree.
A. in B. below
C. beside D. against
［解析］考查介词。句意为：“累了，吉姆背倚着树，很快就睡着了。” against此处意为：“倚着，靠着”；below“在……下方”；beside“在……旁边”；in“在……里面或(时间)……之后”。
例③ It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ______ favors to them.
A. in preference to B. in place of
C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
［解析］句意：公务员为人们办事索要财礼是犯法的。考查复合介词。in preference to 偏爱；in place of 代替；in agreement with 与……相一致；in exchange for 为了交换……
例④Everything was perfect for the picnic___the weather.
A. in place of B. as well as
C. except for D. in case of
［解析］句意：野餐什么都好，除了天气。考查复合介词。in place of 代替；as well as 以及，和；except for 除了……； in case of… 万一发生……
例⑤ Everybody was touched ______ words after they heard her moving story.
A. beyond B. without
C. of D. in
［解析］句意：在听了她感人的故事后，每个人都被感动得说不出话来。beyond超过，越过；beyond words 不能用言语表达
尽可能熟悉常用介词如with, by, on, along, against等的用法，难点介词beyond, within, over, across, through, despite等的意思及其搭配。
in addition to= besides 除……以外，还有
in case of 万一发生……
in common with 与……有共同之处，与……相同
in face of 面对……
in time of 在……时候
in danger of 处于……的危险中
in defence of 为了保护……
牢记下列常见的复合介词
in need/want of 需要……
in short of 缺……
in favour of 有利于……
in exchange for 以交换……
in memory of 为了纪念……
in honour of 为了尊敬……
in praise of 为了赞美……
in charge of 负责……
in the charge of 由……负责
in possession of 拥有……
in the possession of 由……拥有
in search of 为了寻找……
in touch with 和……保持联系
in preparation for 为……作准备
in place of 代替，而不是
in hopes for/in the hope of 希望……
in the course of 在……的过程中
in the habit of 在……的习惯中
in front of 在……的前面
in the front of 在……的前部
in the form of 以……的形式
in the name of 以……名义
in relation to 与……相关；
in reply to 作为对……的回答
in answer to 作为对……的回应
in regard to 关于/至于……
in return for 作为对……的回报
in spite of 尽管……
in support of 支持……
in terms of 就……而言
in harmony with 与……和谐
in line with 与……一致/符合
in payment for… 为了偿还……
according to… 依据，根据……
owing to… 因为……
because of… 因为……
on account of… 因为……
by means of… 凭借……
thanks to… 多亏了……
as for/to… 至于……
due to… 由于……
apart from… 除……以外
except for… 除了……(整体的某个不足的部分)
regardless of… 不管……
contrary to… 与……相反
on behalf of… 代表……
but for… 要不是……
out of date 过期的
out of place 不合适的；不相称的
out of order 出故障的
（1）介词to可表示“一一对应”关系，其搭配如下：
①与名词搭配：
on the way to… 在去……的路上
the solution to the problem 问题的解决方法
the key to the door 门的钥匙
the answer to the question 问题的答案
to the point 切中要害，中肯
to one's taste 合某人胃口
to one's surprise/ joy/ delight 令人吃惊/高兴/快乐的是
注意下列带介词的词组
②与动词搭配：
devote…to… 为……作贡献
dance to music 伴着音乐跳舞
adapt…to… 适应……
adjust…to… 调节……以适应
attach…to… 把……粘贴到……上
owe…to… 把……归功于……
注意下列带介词的词组
（2）on的搭配难点词组：
depend/rely on 依赖于……
be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻
be on a research team 研究队中的一员
take on 雇佣；呈现
注意下列带介词的词组
（3）over 可以表示“在某事/活动进行的过程中”，如：
over a cup of coffee在喝咖啡的时候；
over lunch 在吃中餐的时候
注意下列带介词的词组
（4）考生要熟悉多个“形容词+介词”的词组以及“be done+介词(done已经形容词化，表示状态)”；如：
be conscious of 意识到
be aware of 意识到；明白
be worthy of 值得；配得上
be absent from 缺席
be present at 出席
注意下列带介词的词组
be busy with sth. 忙于……
be busy in doing sth. 忙于做……
be anxious about为……担心
be ashamed of 因……而惭愧
be suspicious of 怀疑……
be different from 与……不同
be similar to 与……相似
注意下列带介词的词组
be familiar with sth. 熟悉某物
be fond of 喜爱
be strict with sb. 对某人严格
be strict in sth. 在某方面严格
be popular with 受到……的欢迎
be tired of 厌倦……
be lost in 迷失在……专心于……
be related to 与……有关
注意下列带介词的词组
① The work is not very profitable ______ cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it.
A. in terms of B. according to
C. in relation to D. in view of
［解析］句意：这个工作就工资而言是挣不了多少钱的，但我可以从中得到宝贵的经验。in terms of 就……而言；according to 依据，根据；in relation to…关于……； in view of 鉴于，由……看来。
② People in Los Angeles have no idea of distance on the map, so they measure distance ______ time not miles.
A. by way of B. by means of
C. for lack of D. on account of
［解析］句意： 洛杉矶的人对地图上的距离没有概念，所以他们用耗费多少时间来衡量路程而不是用英尺。by way of 途经某地；by means of 凭借；用(表方式)；for lack of 由于缺乏……； on account of 因为，由于。
③ After running for a mile yesterday，I was almost ______， not feeling bad, though.
A. out of shape B. out of breath
C. out of control D. out of order
［解析］从句首“running for a mile yesterday”即可判断“我几乎是上气不接下气了。”out of shape 变形；out of breath 气喘吁吁；out of control 无法控制；out of order混乱的；出故障的。
④ My boss asked so much of me and I believed that my job was ______ his satisfaction.
A. far from B. apart from
C. ahead of D. out of
［解析］句意：老板对我要求这么多，我认为我的工作远远不能令他满意。 far from本义“远离”，引申含义为“根本不”；apart from 除……外；ahead of 在……前面，先于；out of 离开……，出于，缺乏。
⑤ ______the fact that the product is safe, many people still refuse to buy it.
A. In spite of B. For fear of
C. On account of D. As a result of
［解析］句意：尽管实际情况是该产品是安全的，许多人仍然拒绝买它。the fact 后面是同位语从句，说明其具体内容。in spite of 尽管，即使；for fear of 唯恐……；on account of 由于……；as a result of 由于……